内容正文:
2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024)
Unit 3 Home and Places重点词汇
必备知识清单
重点词汇释义
1. furniture (n.)家具(总称,无复数形式,不可直接用a/an修饰,表数量需用“a piece of furniture”)
【用法拓展】
不可数名词,指代家庭、办公室等场景中的各类家具(如桌子、沙发、衣柜等),强调“整体类别”,不能加-s。
【常用搭配】
a piece of furniture(一件家具)、office furniture(办公家具)、wooden furniture(木制家具)
【用法示例】
1. There is a lot of new furniture in their living room.(他们客厅里有很多新家具。)
2. She bought a piece of wooden furniture last weekend.(她上周末买了一件木制家具。)
3. We need to move the furniture to the new flat.(我们需要把家具搬到新公寓去。)
2. equipment (n.)设备,器材(指用于特定目的的工具、器械总称,无复数)
【用法拓展】
不可数名词,不能直接用a/an修饰,表数量常用“a set of equipment”(一套设备)或“a piece of equipment”(一件器材),多用于工作、运动、实验等场景。
【常用搭配】
sports equipment(运动器材)、medical equipment(医疗设备)、office equipment(办公设备)
【用法示例】
1. The school has bought new sports equipment for the students.(学校为学生们买了新的运动器材。)
2. This lab needs more advanced medical equipment.(这个实验室需要更先进的医疗设备。)
3. We should take good care of the office equipment.(我们应该好好爱护办公设备。)
3. living room (n. 短语)客厅,起居室(家庭中用于休息、会客的主要公共空间)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“living rooms”,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语,常与“in”“decorate”“stay in”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
in the living room(在客厅里)、decorate the living room(装饰客厅)、a big living room(一个大客厅)
【用法示例】
1. My family often watches TV in the living room.(我们家人经常在客厅里看电视。)
2. She wants to decorate her living room with some flowers.(她想用一些花装饰她的客厅。)
3. There is a large sofa in our living room.(我们的客厅里有一个大沙发。)
4. bathroom (n.)浴室;洗手间,卫生间(既可指带淋浴/浴缸的“浴室”,也可指用于洗漱、方便的“卫生间”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bathrooms”,可描述住宅、酒店等场所的卫生设施,常与“in”“clean”“wash hands in”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
in the bathroom(在浴室/卫生间里)、a clean bathroom(一个干净的浴室)、bathroom mirror(浴室镜子)
【用法示例】
1. The bathroom is next to the bedroom.(浴室紧挨着卧室。)
2. She is washing her hands in the bathroom.(她正在卫生间里洗手。)
3. We need to clean the bathroom every day.(我们需要每天打扫浴室。)
5. bedroom (n.)卧室(用于睡觉、休息的私人房间)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bedrooms”,可描述住宅中的私人房间或酒店房型(如a single bedroom“单人间”),常与“in”“paint”“sleep in”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
in the bedroom(在卧室里)、a small bedroom(一个小卧室)、bedroom window(卧室窗户)
【用法示例】
1. My bedroom has a big window with a good view.(我的卧室有一扇视野很好的大窗户。)
2. She likes to read books in her bedroom before sleep.(她喜欢睡前在卧室里看书。)
3. They are going to paint their son's bedroom blue.(他们打算把儿子的卧室刷成蓝色。)
6. bookcase (n.)书架,书柜(用于存放书籍的多层家具)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bookcases”,多置于客厅、书房,常与“put...on”“fill...with”“wooden”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
a wooden bookcase(一个木制书架)、put books on the bookcase(把书放在书架上)、a big bookcase(一个大书柜)
【用法示例】
1. There are many storybooks on the bookcase.(书架上有很多故事书。)
2. My father made a new bookcase for me last month.(我爸爸上个月给我做了一个新书架。)
3. She wants to put this dictionary on the top of the bookcase.(她想把这本词典放在书架的顶层。)
7. machine (n.)机器,机械装置(由多个部件组成、用于完成特定工作的设备)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“machines”,可描述工业、家庭、办公场景的机械(如洗衣机、打印机),常与“operate”“use”“repair”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
washing machine(洗衣机)、sewing machine(缝纫机)、operate a machine(操作机器)
【用法示例】
1. This machine can help us finish the work quickly.(这台机器能帮我们快速完成工作。)
2. My mother bought a new washing machine last week.(我妈妈上周买了一台新洗衣机。)
3. He is learning how to operate this new machine.(他正在学习如何操作这台新机器。)
8. washing machine (n. 短语)洗衣机(用于自动清洗衣物的家用电器)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“washing machines”,家庭常见电器,常与“use”“buy”“repair”“wash clothes with”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
use the washing machine(使用洗衣机)、repair the washing machine(修理洗衣机)、a new washing machine(一台新洗衣机)
【用法示例】
1. My sister often uses the washing machine to wash clothes.(我姐姐经常用洗衣机洗衣服。)
2. Our washing machine broke down yesterday, so we need to repair it.(我们的洗衣机昨天坏了,所以我们需要修理它。)
3. They bought a new washing machine with many functions.(他们买了一台功能很多的新洗衣机。)
9. fridge (n.)冰箱(=refrigerator,用于冷藏/冷冻食物、饮料的家用电器)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“fridges”,口语常用“fridge”,书面可用“refrigerator”,常与“put...in”“take...out of”“keep fresh”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
put in the fridge(放进冰箱)、take out of the fridge(从冰箱里拿出来)、a big fridge(一个大冰箱)
【用法示例】
1. Please put the milk in the fridge to keep it fresh.(请把牛奶放进冰箱保持新鲜。)
2. She took a bottle of juice out of the fridge just now.(她刚才从冰箱里拿出了一瓶果汁。)
3. There are some vegetables and fruits in our fridge.(我们的冰箱里有一些蔬菜和水果。)
10. cooker (n.)厨灶,炉具(用于烹饪的设备,通常含炉灶和烤箱)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“cookers”,需与“cook”(厨师/动词“烹饪”)区分,常与“use”“turn on”“cook on”“gas/electric”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
electric cooker(电灶)、gas cooker(燃气灶)、cook on the cooker(在灶上做饭)
【用法示例】
1. My mother is cooking dinner on the gas cooker.(我妈妈正在燃气灶上做晚饭。)
2. We need to buy a new electric cooker because the old one is broken.(我们需要买一个新电灶,因为旧的坏了。)
3. Please turn off the cooker after you finish cooking.(做完饭后请关掉灶具。)
11. sofa (n.)长沙发(客厅中用于坐卧休息的家具,可容纳多人)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“sofas”,客厅核心家具,常与“sit on”“lie on”“put a blanket on”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
sit on the sofa(坐在沙发上)、lie on the sofa(躺在沙发上)、a soft sofa(一个柔软的沙发)
【用法示例】
1. My grandfather often sits on the sofa and reads newspapers.(我爷爷经常坐在沙发上看报纸。)
2. The cat is lying on the sofa and sleeping.(那只猫正躺在沙发上睡觉。)
3. She put a blanket on the sofa to keep warm.(她在沙发上放了一条毯子保暖。)
12. flat (n. & adj.)n. 公寓,单元房(英式英语,美式为apartment);adj. 水平的,平坦的
【用法拓展】
n.(可数,复数flats):描述城市多层建筑中的一套住房,常与“live in”“buy”“a small/big”搭配;adj.:描述表面无起伏,可作定语(flat ground)或表语(be flat)。
【常用搭配】
(n.)a small flat(小公寓)、live in a flat(住公寓);(adj.)flat ground(平坦地面)、flat roof(平屋顶)
【用法示例】
1. They live in a small flat near the park.(他们住在公园附近的小公寓里。)(n.)
2. This table has a flat surface, so it's easy to clean.(这张桌子表面平坦,很容易清洁。)(adj.)
3. She wants to buy a flat with two bedrooms.(她想买一套两卧室的公寓。)(n.)
13. thing (n.)物件,物品,事物(可指具体物品,也可指抽象事情)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“things”,使用范围极广:指具体物品时与“buy”“take”搭配;指抽象事情时与“talk about”“important”搭配。
【常用搭配】
all kinds of things(各种各样的东西/事)、small things(小物件/小事)、important things(重要的事)
【用法示例】
1. She bought many small things in the supermarket.(她在超市买了很多小物件。)
2. We need to talk about some important things in the meeting.(我们要在会议上讨论重要的事。)
3. Don't forget to take your personal things when you leave.(离开时别忘了带个人物品。)
14. shower (n.)淋浴器,淋浴间;淋浴(可指设备,也可指“洗淋浴”的行为)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“showers”:指设备时与“install”“use”搭配;指行为时需用“take a shower/have a shower”(洗淋浴)。
【常用搭配】
take a shower(洗淋浴)、shower room(淋浴间)、electric shower(电淋浴器)
【用法示例】
1. There is an electric shower in our bathroom.(我们浴室里有一个电淋浴器。)
2. He usually takes a shower before going to bed.(他通常睡前洗淋浴。)
3. The shower room is next to the bedroom.(淋浴间紧挨着卧室。)
# 北师大版7上Unit 3词汇讲解(续)
## 15. comfortable (adj.)使人舒服的,舒适的;愉快放松的(可描述物品给人的感受,也可形容人所处的状态)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(如sofa、bed),或作表语与系动词(feel、be)搭配;副词形式为“comfortably”,反义词为“uncomfortable”(不舒服的)。
【常用搭配】
a comfortable sofa(舒适的沙发)、feel comfortable(感觉舒服)、a comfortable life(舒适的生活)
【用法示例】
1. This comfortable chair is perfect for reading.(这把舒适的椅子非常适合阅读。)
2. She feels comfortable when she stays at home.(待在家里时,她感觉很放松。)
3. We want to create a comfortable environment for our guests.(我们想为客人营造一个舒适的环境。)
16. cream (adj. & n.)adj. 奶油色的,乳白色的;n. 奶油,乳脂(食物原料,也可指化妆品中的“乳霜”)
【用法拓展】
adj. 作定语修饰名词(如dress、wall),表颜色;n. 不可数名词(表“奶油”时),可与“put...on”“add...to”搭配,也可指“面霜”(如face cream)。
【常用搭配】
(adj.)a cream dress(奶油色连衣裙);(n.)chocolate cream(巧克力奶油)、face cream(面霜)
【用法示例】
1. She bought a cream skirt for the summer.(她买了一条乳白色的裙子过夏天。)(adj.)
2. My mother adds some cream to the coffee.(妈妈往咖啡里加了些奶油。)(n.)
3. You should put this face cream on your skin before going out.(出门前你应该把这款面霜涂在皮肤上。)(n.)
17. all kinds of (phrase)各种各样的(用于修饰可数名词复数,表“多种类型”)
【用法拓展】
后接可数名词复数(如books、things),在句中作定语,强调范围广、种类多,同义短语为“different kinds of”。
【常用搭配】
all kinds of books(各种各样的书)、all kinds of fruits(各种各样的水果)、all kinds of activities(各种各样的活动)
【用法示例】
1. The library has all kinds of storybooks for children.(图书馆有各种各样给孩子看的故事书。)
2. There are all kinds of flowers in the park in spring.(春天公园里有各种各样的花。)
3. My father can fix all kinds of small machines.(爸爸会修各种各样的小机器。)
18. inside (adv. & prep. & n. & adj.)adv. & prep. 在(或向)里面;在(或向)……内;n. 里面,内部;adj. 内部的,里面的
【用法拓展】
adv. 修饰动词(如go、stay),表位置;prep. 后接名词(如room、box),表“在……内部”;n. 常与“the”搭配(the inside);adj. 作定语修饰名词(如door、pocket)。
【常用搭配】
(adv.)go inside(进去);(prep.)inside the house(在房子里);(n.)the inside of the box(盒子里面);(adj.)inside pocket(内兜)
【用法示例】
1. It's cold outside, so please come inside quickly.(外面冷,快进来吧。)(adv.)
2. There is a small desk inside the bedroom.(卧室里面有一张小书桌。)(prep.)
3. The inside of the bag is red and very clean.(包的内部是红色的,而且很干净。)(n.)
19. dictionary (n.)词典,字典,辞书(用于查询单词含义、用法的工具书)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“dictionaries”,常与“use”“look up...in”“a Chinese-English”(汉英词典)等搭配,“look up”后接单词时,需用“look up sth. in the dictionary”(不能说“look up the dictionary”)。
【常用搭配】
a Chinese-English dictionary(汉英词典)、look up a word in the dictionary(在词典里查单词)、use a dictionary(用词典)
【用法示例】
1. I need a new English dictionary for my English class.(我需要一本新的英语词典上英语课用。)
2. If you don't know the word, you can look it up in the dictionary.(如果你不认识这个单词,可以在词典里查一下。)
3. Her father gave her a big dictionary as a birthday gift.(她爸爸送了她一本大词典当生日礼物。)
20. bookshelf (n.)书架(用于存放书籍的多层架子,复数形式为“bookshelves”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,单数“bookshelf”,复数需变“f”为“v”加“es”(bookshelves),常与“put...on”“fill...with”“next to”搭配,多置于书房、客厅。
【常用搭配】
a wooden bookshelf(木制书架)、put books on the bookshelf(把书放在书架上)、fill the bookshelf with books(把书架装满书)
【用法示例】
1. There are two bookshelves in my study.(我的书房里有两个书架。)(复数)
2. He put his new storybook on the top of the bookshelf.(他把新故事书放在了书架顶层。)(单数)
3. We need to clean the bookshelf every month to keep it tidy.(我们需要每月打扫书架,保持整洁。)(单数)
21. next to (prep. phrase)紧邻,在……近旁(表位置关系,强调“紧挨着”,距离极近)
【用法拓展】
后接名词(如house、desk),在句中作状语或表语,可与“beside”互换,比“near”(附近)距离更近。
【常用搭配】
next to the window(紧邻窗户)、next to my desk(在我的书桌旁)、next to the park(在公园旁边)
【用法示例】
1. Our classroom is next to the teachers' office.(我们的教室紧挨着教师办公室。)
2. She sits next to me in class, so we often help each other.(上课她坐在我旁边,所以我们经常互相帮助。)
3. There is a small shop next to our flat building.(我们的公寓楼旁边有一家小商店。)
22. need (v. & n. & modal v.)v. 需要,必需;n. 需要,必须;modal v. 需要(多用于口语,后接动词原形,否定式为“needn't”)
【用法拓展】
v. 后接名词(need help)或“to do”(need to study);n. 不可数名词(表“需求”),常与“meet”(满足需求)搭配;modal v. 仅用于否定句和疑问句,无第三人称单数变化。
【常用搭配】
(v.)need to do sth.(需要做某事)、need help(需要帮助);(n.)meet one's needs(满足某人的需求);(modal v.)needn't worry(不必担心)
【用法示例】
1. We need to finish our homework before dinner.(我们需要在晚饭前完成作业。)(v.)
2. The company tries its best to meet the needs of customers.(公司尽力满足客户的需求。)(n.)
3. You needn't come early tomorrow; the meeting starts at 10.(你明天不必早来,会议10点开始。)(modal v.)
23. either (adv. & det. & pron.)adv. (用于否定)也;det. & pron. (两者中的)任何一个
【用法拓展】
adv. 仅用于否定句末尾,前加逗号;det. 后接单数名词(either book);pron. 可单独使用(either is OK),表示“两者选其一”,否定表达为“neither”(两者都不)。
【常用搭配】
(adv.)me either(我也不);(det.)either side(两边中的任何一边);(pron.)either of the two(两者中的任何一个)
【用法示例】
1. She doesn't like coffee, and I don't like it either.(她不喜欢咖啡,我也不喜欢。)(adv.)
2. You can take either book; both are interesting.(你可以拿任何一本书,两本都很有趣。)(det.)
3. Either of the two roads can lead to the park.(这两条路中的任何一条都能到公园。)(pron.)
24. messy (adj.)肮脏的,凌乱的(描述环境、物品摆放不整齐,或人衣着不整洁)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(messy room)或作表语(be messy),反义词为“tidy”(整洁的),副词形式为“messily”。
【常用搭配】
a messy desk(凌乱的书桌)、messy hair(乱糟糟的头发)、keep from getting messy(避免变乱)
【用法示例】
1. His bedroom is always messy; he never cleans it.(他的卧室总是乱糟糟的,他从不打扫。)
2. Don't eat messily; use a fork and knife properly.(别吃得乱七八糟,正确使用刀叉。)(副词形式)
3. The children made the living room messy while playing games.(孩子们玩游戏时把客厅弄得很乱。)
25. guess (vt. & vi.)猜测,估计(指对未知事物进行推测,或凭感觉判断)
【用法拓展】
vt. 后接名词(guess the answer)或宾语从句(guess what happened);vi. 可单独使用(Guess!),常与“at”搭配(guess at the price),表示“粗略猜测”。
【常用搭配】
guess the answer(猜答案)、guess what(猜猜看)、guess at the time(估计时间)
【用法示例】
1. Can you guess how old my little sister is?(你能猜出我妹妹多大了吗?)(vt.)
2. Don't guess; let's check the answer in the book.(别猜了,我们看书上的答案吧。)(vi.)
3. She guessed at the cost of the new phone, but she wasn't sure.(她估计了一下新手机的价格,但不确定。)(vi.)
26. easily (adv.)容易地,不费力地(描述做某事不需要花费太多力气)
【用法拓展】
修饰动词(如learn、finish)或形容词(如easily angry),形容词形式为“easy”(容易的),反义词为“hardly”(几乎不)或“with difficulty”(困难地)。
【常用搭配】
learn easily(学得轻松)、finish easily(轻松完成)、solve easily(容易解决)
【用法示例】
1. He is good at math, so he can solve this problem easily.(他数学好,所以能轻松解出这道题。)
2. This new app is designed so that old people can use it easily.(这款新应用设计得让老年人能轻松使用。)
3. The little bird can fly easily across the small river.(这只小鸟能轻松飞过这条小河。)
27. building (n.)建筑物,楼房(指人工建造的、用于居住、工作或其他用途的房屋或高楼)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“buildings”,可描述公寓楼、办公楼、教学楼等,常与“tall”“new”“live in”搭配,动词形式为“build”(建造)。
【常用搭配】
a tall building(高楼)、office building(办公楼)、live in a building(住在一栋楼里)
【用法示例】
1. There is a new school building in our neighborhood.(我们街区有一栋新的教学楼。)
2. This tall building has 30 floors, and my uncle lives on the 25th.(这栋高楼有30层,我叔叔住在25层。)
3. Workers spent two years building this big building.(工人们花了两年时间建造这栋大楼。)(动词形式“building”)
28. crop (n.)庄稼,作物(指农民种植的、用于食用或工业用途的植物,如小麦、水稻、棉花等)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“crops”,常与“grow”“harvest”“plant”搭配,可描述“农作物”或“收成”(如good crop)。
【常用搭配】
grow crops(种庄稼)、harvest crops(收割庄稼)、good crop(好收成)
【用法示例】
1. Farmers grow different crops in different seasons.(农民在不同的季节种不同的庄稼。)
2. The heavy rain helped the crops grow well this year.(今年的大雨让庄稼长得很好。)
3. We had a good crop of apples because the weather was nice.(因为天气好,我们今年苹果收成不错。)
29. mall (n.)购物商场,购物广场(指包含多个商店、餐厅、娱乐设施的大型综合购物场所)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“malls”,常与“go to”“shopping mall”(购物中心)“in the mall”搭配,口语中常用,比“shop”(小商店)规模大。
【常用搭配】
shopping mall(购物中心)、go to the mall(去商场)、eat in the mall(在商场里吃饭)
【用法示例】
1. My mother and I often go to the mall on weekends to buy clothes.(我妈妈和我周末常去商场买衣服。)
2. There is a big mall near our new flat, so it's easy to shop.(我们的新公寓附近有个大商场,购物很方便。)
3. The mall has a new cinema; let's watch a movie there tonight.(商场里新开了一家电影院,今晚我们去那儿看电影吧。)
30. e-pal (n.)网友(指通过电子邮件、网络聊天等方式认识的朋友,“e-”表示“电子的”,类似“e-mail”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“e-pals”,常与“make”(交网友)“write to”(给网友写信)搭配,口语和书面语中均可使用。
【常用搭配】
make an e-pal(交网友)、write to my e-pal(给我的网友写信)、chat with an e-pal(和网友聊天)
【用法示例】
1. She made an e-pal from America last year, and they write to each other every month.(她去年交了一个美国网友,他们每月互相写信。)
2. My e-pal sent me some photos of his hometown yesterday.(我的网友昨天给我发了一些他家乡的照片。)
3. You should be careful when talking to a new e-pal online.(和新网友在线聊天时,你要小心。)
31. central (adj.)在中心的,中央的(描述位置处于中心地带,或事物起核心作用)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(central park、central role)或作表语(be central to),强调“核心性”或“地理位置居中”,名词形式为“center”(中心)。
【常用搭配】
central park(中央公园)、central city(市中心)、be central to sth.(对某事至关重要)
【用法示例】
1. Our school is in the central part of the city, so it's easy to get to.(我们学校在市中心,所以很容易到达。)
2. The central square is the most crowded place in our town on holidays.(节假日时,中心广场是我们镇上最拥挤的地方。)
3. Communication is central to building a good relationship with others.(沟通对建立良好的人际关系至关重要。)
32. community (n.)社区;社会(指居住在同一区域的人群,或具有共同特征的群体)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“communities”,常与“live in”“community service”(社区服务)“local community”(当地社区)搭配,可描述“小社区”或“大社会群体”。
【常用搭配】
local community(当地社区)、community service(社区服务)、live in a community(住在一个社区里)
【用法示例】
1. People in our community often help each other when they are in trouble.(我们社区的人遇到困难时经常互相帮助。)
2. The school organized a community service activity last weekend.(学校上周末组织了一次社区服务活动。)
3. This new library is open to everyone in the community.(这个新图书馆对社区里的所有人开放。)
33. around (adv. & prep.)adv. 周围,四周;大约;prep. 围绕,环绕(表位置“在周围”或时间“大约”)
【用法拓展】
adv. 修饰动词(look around、wait around)或表时间(around 3 o'clock);prep. 后接名词(walk around the park、sit around the table),表“环绕某物”。
【常用搭配】
(adv.)look around(环顾四周)、around 5 p.m.(大约下午5点);(prep.)walk around the lake(绕着湖走)、sit around the fire(围着火坐)
【用法示例】
1. She looked around, but she couldn't find her keys.(她环顾四周,但没找到钥匙。)(adv.)
2. We will meet at the school gate around 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.(我们明天早上大约8点在学校门口集合。)(adv.)
3. The children are sitting around the teacher and listening to stories.(孩子们围坐在老师身边听故事。)(prep.)
34. friendly (adj.)友好的;善意的(描述人态度亲切、乐于助人,或事物让人感觉亲切)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(friendly people、friendly smile)或作表语(be friendly to),注意无比较级“friendlier”,最高级“friendliest”,名词形式为“friend”(朋友)。
【常用搭配】
friendly people(友好的人)、be friendly to others(对别人友好)、a friendly smile(亲切的微笑)
【用法示例】
1. The people in this small town are very friendly to visitors.(这个小镇的人对游客很友好。)
2. She gave me a friendly wave when she passed by my desk.(她经过我书桌时,友好地向我挥了挥手。)
3. Our new neighbor has a friendly dog; it never barks at people.(我们的新邻居有一只温顺的狗,它从不咬人。)
35. neighbourhood (n.)街区,城区(指居住的附近区域,包含住宅、商店、公园等,也可写作“neighborhood”,美式拼写)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“neighbourhoods”,常与“in”“live in”“local neighbourhood”搭配,强调“居住周边的环境”。
【常用搭配】
in the neighbourhood(在街区里)、local neighbourhood(当地街区)、quiet neighbourhood(安静的街区)
【用法示例】
1. There is a small supermarket in our neighbourhood, so we buy food easily.(我们街区里有一家小超市,买东西很方便。)
2. I like living in this neighbourhood because it's very quiet.(我喜欢住在这个街区,因为它很安静。)
3. The children in the neighbourhood often play together after school.(街区里的孩子们放学后经常一起玩。)
36. luckily (adv.)幸运地;幸好(用于描述事情发展顺利、避免不好的结果,表“幸运的是”)
【用法拓展】
多置于句首,后加逗号,修饰整个句子;也可置于句中或句末,形容词形式为“lucky”(幸运的),反义词为“unluckily”(不幸地)。
【常用搭配】
luckily enough(足够幸运)、luckily for sb.(对某人来说幸运的是)
【用法示例】
1. Luckily, we took an umbrella, so we didn't get wet in the rain.(幸好我们带了伞,没被雨淋到。)
2. Luckily for her, the bus was late, so she didn't miss it.(对她来说幸运的是,公交车晚点了,她没错过。)
3. He forgot his homework, but luckily his teacher let him hand it in tomorrow.(他忘带作业了,但幸运的是老师让他明天交。)
37. describe (v.)描述,形容(指用语言或文字详细说明人、事、物的特征、样子或过程)
【用法拓展】
及物动词,后接名词(describe the place)或宾语从句(describe what you saw),常与“to”搭配(describe sth. to sb.,向某人描述某物),名词形式为“description”(描述)。
【常用搭配】
describe sth. to sb.(向某人描述某物)、describe in detail(详细描述)、describe the appearance(描述外貌)
【用法示例】
1. Can you describe your new school to me? I want to know what it looks like.(你能给我描述一下你的新学校吗?我想知道它是什么样子的。)
2. She described the accident in detail to the police.(她向警察详细描述了那场事故。)
3. The book describes the life of farmers in the 19th century.(这本书描述了19世纪农民的生活。)
38. dream (n. & vt. & vi.)n. 梦想,理想;梦;vt. & vi. 做梦;想象(可指“梦境”,也可指“人生理想”)
【用法拓展】
n. 可数名词(复数dreams),“梦想”常与“achieve”(实现梦想)、“have a dream”(有一个梦想)搭配;“梦”常与“have”“remember”搭配;v. 后接名词(dream a dream)或宾语从句(dream that...),“梦想做某事”用“dream of doing sth.”。
【常用搭配】
(n.)have a dream(有梦想)、achieve one's dream(实现梦想);(v.)dream of becoming(梦想成为)、dream about(梦见)
【用法示例】
1. His dream is to become a doctor and help sick people.(他的梦想是成为一名医生,帮助病人。)(n.)
2. She dreamed of traveling around the world when she was a little girl.(她小时候梦想环游世界。)(v.)
3. I had a strange dream last night; I was flying in the sky.(我昨晚做了个奇怪的梦,我在天上飞。)(n.)
39. forest (n.)森林(指大片生长的树木区域,比“wood”(小树林)面积大)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“forests”,常与“in”“go into”“large”“small”搭配,可描述“原始森林”(primitive forest)或“人工林”(man-made forest)。
【常用搭配】
in the forest(在森林里)、large forest(大片森林)、walk through the forest(穿过森林)
【用法示例】
1. There are many different kinds of animals living in this big forest.(这片大森林里生活着很多不同种类的动物。)
2. We went for a walk through the forest with our teacher last week.(上周我们和老师一起穿过森林散步。)
3. Cutting down too many trees will destroy the homes of animals in the forest.(砍太多树会破坏森林里动物的家园。)
40. fresh (adj.)清新的;新鲜的(可描述空气、食物、水等,表“未变质”或“无污染”)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(fresh air、fresh fruit)或作表语(be fresh),反义词为“stale”(不新鲜的,如stale bread),副词形式为“freshly”(如freshly cooked)。
【常用搭配】
fresh air(清新的空气)、fresh fruit(新鲜水果)、fresh water(淡水)
【用法示例】
1. We can breathe fresh air in the park early in the morning.(早上我们能在公园里呼吸到清新的空气。)
2. My mother buys fresh vegetables from the market every day.(妈妈每天从市场买新鲜的蔬菜。)
3. The milk is not fresh anymore; we shouldn't drink it.(这牛奶不新鲜了,我们别喝了。)
41. view (n. & v.)n. 景色,风景;看法,见解;v. 把……视为,以……看待
【用法拓展】
n. “景色”常与“beautiful”“good”搭配(beautiful view),“看法”常与“in one's view”(在某人看来)、“express one's view”(表达观点)搭配;v. 后接名词+as(view sth. as,把某物视为……),同义短语为“regard...as”。
【常用搭配】
(n.)beautiful view(美丽的景色)、in my view(在我看来);(v.)view as(视为)、view sth. differently(对某物有不同看法)
【用法示例】
1. From the top of the mountain, we can see a beautiful view of the city.(从山顶上,我们能看到城市的美丽景色。)(n.)
2. In my view, reading books is the best way to learn new knowledge.(在我看来,读书是学习新知识的最好方式。)(n.)
3. Most people view this new policy as a good way to help students.(大多数人认为这项新政策是帮助学生的好方法。)(v.)
42. magic (adj. & n.)adj. 有魔力的;n. 魔法,法术(可指“超自然的魔力”,也可形容事物“神奇的”)
【用法拓展】
adj. 作定语修饰名词(magic world、magic book),表“神奇的、有魔力的”;n. 不可数名词(表“魔法”时),常与“use”“learn”搭配(use magic),也可指“魔术”(如stage magic)。
【常用搭配】
(adj.)magic world(魔法世界)、magic trick(魔术把戏);(n.)black magic(黑魔法)、perform magic(表演魔术)
【用法示例】
1. The children are reading a story about a magic castle in a faraway land.(孩子们正在读一个关于遥远国度里魔法城堡的故事。)(adj.)
2. The magician used his magic to make the rabbit disappear.(魔术师用魔法让兔子消失了。)(n.)
3. This magic lamp can grant people three wishes in the story.(故事里这盏神灯能满足人们三个愿望。)(adj.)
43. cloud (n.)云,云朵(指天空中由水汽凝结形成的白色或灰色块状物)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“clouds”,常与“in the sky”“white”“dark”搭配,可描述“乌云”(dark clouds)或“白云”(white clouds),动词形式为“cloud”(使模糊,如cloud one's eyes)。
【常用搭配】
white clouds(白云)、dark clouds(乌云)、in the clouds(在天空中;心不在焉)
【用法示例】
1. There are many white clouds in the blue sky today.(今天蓝天上有很多白云。)
2. Dark clouds are coming; I think it's going to rain soon.(乌云来了,我觉得很快要下雨了。)
3. Her eyes were clouded with tears when she heard the sad news.(听到这个坏消息时,她的眼睛蒙上了泪水。)(动词形式)
44. fantastic (adj.)极好的,了不起的(用于形容人、事、物让人感到惊喜、出色,程度比“good”强)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(fantastic idea、fantastic trip)或作表语(be fantastic),口语中常用,可表达“赞叹”,同义词为“wonderful”“great”。
【常用搭配】
fantastic idea(绝妙的主意)、fantastic trip(精彩的旅行)、have a fantastic time(玩得很开心)
【用法示例】
1. We had a fantastic time at the amusement park yesterday.(昨天我们在游乐园玩得很开心。)
2. She came up with a fantastic idea to solve this problem.(她想出了一个绝妙的办法来解决这个问题。)
3. The singer gave a fantastic performance last night; everyone loved it.(昨晚那位歌手的表演很精彩,大家都很喜欢。)
45. office (n.)办公室;问询处,服务处(指工作的房间或机构,也可指“服务窗口”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“offices”,常与“in”“go to”“teacher's office”(教师办公室)、“post office”(邮局)搭配,“在办公室工作”用“work in an office”。
【常用搭配】
teacher's office(教师办公室)、office worker(办公室职员)、go to the office(去办公室)
【用法示例】
1. My father works in an office in the city center.(我爸爸在市中心的一间办公室工作。)
2. If you have questions, you can go to the school office and ask the teacher.(如果你有问题,可以去学校办公室问老师。)
3. The new office has big windows and is very bright.(新办公室有大窗户,非常明亮。)
46. post office (n. phrase)邮局(指办理邮寄信件、包裹、汇款等业务的机构)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“post offices”,常与“go to”“in front of”“near”搭配,“寄信”用“send a letter in the post office”或“post a letter”。
【常用搭配】
go to the post office(去邮局)、near the post office(在邮局附近)、send a package at the post office(在邮局寄包裹)
【用法示例】
1. I need to go to the post office to send this package to my grandma.(我需要去邮局把这个包裹寄给奶奶。)
2. The post office is on the left side of the road; you can't miss it.(邮局在路的左边,你不会找不到的。)
3. She bought some stamps at the post office this morning.(她今天早上在邮局买了一些邮票。)
47. of course (phrase)当然(用于回答问题,表示“肯定、同意”,语气比“yes”强,也可用于强调“显而易见”)
【用法拓展】
单独使用或置于句首/句中,作状语,可回答“Can you...?”“Will you...?”等问句,同义短语为“certainly”“sure”。
【常用搭配】
of course not(当然不)、of course I will(我当然会)
【用法示例】
1. —Can you help me carry this box?(你能帮我搬这个箱子吗?)—Of course!(当然可以!)
2. Of course you can use my dictionary; I don't need it now.(你当然可以用我的词典,我现在不用。)
3. —Will you come to my birthday party?(你会来我的生日派对吗?)—Of course I will!(我当然会来!)
48. onto (prep.)向,朝(表“从某物外面到里面/上面”,强调“移动的过程和结果”,区别于“on”(仅表“在上面”))
【用法拓展】
后接名词(如table、floor、bus),描述“从下到上”“从外到内”的移动,常与“jump”“put”“climb”等动词搭配。
【常用搭配】
jump onto the bed(跳到床上)、put onto the table(放到桌子上)、climb onto the tree(爬到树上)
【用法示例】
1. The cat jumped onto the table and ate the fish.(猫跳到桌子上,吃了鱼。)
2. Please put the books onto the shelf; don't leave them on the floor.(请把书放到书架上,别放在地上。)
3. The little boy climbed onto his father's back and laughed happily.(小男孩爬到爸爸背上,开心地笑了。)
49. road (n.)路,道路,公路(指供车辆、行人通行的地面,可指“小路”“公路”,比“street”(街道,多有建筑物)范围广)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“roads”,常与“on”“along”“cross”搭配(on the road、along the road、cross the road),可描述“乡间小路”(country road)或“高速公路”(highway,也属road的范畴)。
【常用搭配】
on the road(在路上)、along the road(沿着路)、cross the road(过马路)
【用法示例】
1. There are many beautiful flowers along the road to the village.(去村子的路上有很多漂亮的花。)
2. You must look left and right before crossing the road.(过马路前你必须左右看。)
3. My uncle drove his car on the road for five hours to visit us.(叔叔开车在路上走了五个小时来看我们。)
50. opposite (prep. & adj.)prep. 与……相对,在……对面;adj. 对面的,相反的
【用法拓展】
prep. 后接名词(如bank、building),表“位置在对面”(opposite the bank);adj. 作定语修饰名词(opposite side、opposite direction)或作表语(be opposite),表“相反的”时,反义词为“same”。
【常用搭配】
(prep.)opposite the park(在公园对面);(adj.)opposite side(对面)、opposite direction(相反方向)
【用法示例】
1. Our school is opposite the park, so we often play there after class.(我们学校在公园对面,所以课后我们常去那儿玩。)(prep.)
2. The bank is on the opposite side of the road; you need to cross the street.(银行在路的对面,你需要过马路。)(adj.)
3. His opinion is opposite to mine; we don't agree on this matter.(他的观点和我的相反,我们在这件事上意见不一致。)(adj.)
51. station (n.)站,所,局;火车站,汽车站(指“服务性机构”或“交通站点”,根据搭配表具体含义)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“stations”,常与“train”(火车站)、“bus”(汽车站)、“police”(警察局)搭配,“在车站”用“at the station”。
【常用搭配】
train station(火车站)、bus station(汽车站)、police station(警察局)
【用法示例】
1. My father will meet me at the train station when I arrive in Beijing.(我到北京时,爸爸会在火车站接我。)
2. The bus station is not far from our flat; we can walk there.(汽车站离我们公寓不远,我们可以走路去。)
3. You can go to the nearest gas station to buy some water.(你可以去最近的加油站买些水。)
52. police station (n. phrase)警察局,派出所(指警察办公、处理案件、接受群众求助的机构)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“police stations”,常与“go to”“near”“in front of”搭配,“去警察局报案”用“go to the police station to report a case”。
【常用搭配】
go to the police station(去警察局)、near the police station(在警察局附近)、work at the police station(在警察局工作)
【用法示例】
1. If you lose your wallet, you should go to the police station to report it.(如果你的钱包丢了,应该去警察局报案。)
2. The police station is next to the post office; you can find it easily.(警察局在邮局旁边,你很容易找到。)
3. My uncle works at the police station and helps people every day.(我叔叔在警察局工作,每天帮助别人。)
53. along (prep. & adv.)prep. 沿着,顺着;adv. 向前;一起(prep. 表“沿着某物的方向”,adv. 表“向前移动”或“陪伴”)
【用法拓展】
prep. 后接名词(如road、river),常与“walk”“drive”搭配(walk along the road);adv. 修饰动词(come along、walk along),“come along”表示“一起来”。
【常用搭配】
(prep.)walk along the river(沿着河走);(adv.)come along(一起来)、move along(向前走)
【用法示例】
1. We walked along the street and looked at the shop windows.(我们沿着街走,看商店的橱窗。)(prep.)
2. Can you come along with us to the park this afternoon?(今天下午你能和我们一起去公园吗?)(adv.)
3. The children ran along the path and laughed loudly.(孩子们沿着小路跑,大声笑着。)(prep.)
54. past (prep. & adj. & n.)prep. 在另一边,到另一侧;(时间)过;adj. 过去的,昔日的;n. 过去,昔日
【用法拓展】
prep. 表“位置在对面”(walk past the shop)或“时间过了”(ten past five);adj. 作定语修饰名词(past years、past experience);n. 常与“in the”搭配(in the past),表“过去”。
【常用搭配】
(prep.)walk past(走过)、ten past seven(七点十分);(adj.)past events(过去的事件);(n.)in the past(在过去)
【用法示例】
1. She walked past my house without saying hello this morning.(今天早上她走过我家时没打招呼。)(prep.)
2. In the past, people used letters to keep in touch with each other.(过去,人们用信件互相联系。)(n.)
3. We can learn a lot from our past experiences.(我们能从过去的经历中学到很多。)(adj.)
55. bookshop (n.)书店(指销售书籍、杂志、文具等的商店,也可写作“bookstore”,美式拼写)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bookshops”,常与“go to”“in”“near”搭配,“在书店买书”用“buy books in the bookshop”。
【常用搭配】
go to the bookshop(去书店)、near the bookshop(在书店附近)、a small bookshop(小书店)
【用法示例】
1. I go to the bookshop every Saturday to buy new storybooks.(我每周六去书店买新的故事书。)
2. There is a quiet bookshop on this street; I like reading there.(这条街上有一家安静的书店,我喜欢在那儿看书。)
3. My mother bought me a dictionary in the bookshop near our school.(妈妈在学校附近的书店给我买了一本词典。)
56. block (n. & v.)n. 大楼,一栋楼房;街区;v. 堵塞(n. 可指“建筑物”或“街区距离”,v. 表“堵住通道、管道”)
【用法拓展】
n. 可数名词(复数blocks),“大楼”常与“office block”(办公楼)搭配,“街区”常与“walk two blocks”(走两个街区)搭配;v. 及物动词,后接名词(block the road、block the pipe)。
【常用搭配】
(n.)office block(办公楼)、two blocks away(两个街区远);(v.)block the way(挡住路)、block the drain(堵塞下水道)
【用法示例】
1. Our school is in a tall block near the park.(我们学校在公园附近的一栋高楼里。)(n.)
2. You need to walk two blocks and then turn right; the post office is there.(你需要走两个街区,然后右转,邮局就在那儿。)(n.)
3. The fallen tree blocked the road, so cars couldn't pass.(倒下的树挡住了路,车过不去。)(v.)
57. row (n.)一排,一列,一行(指人或物品按直线排列的形式)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“rows”,常与“in”“a row of”搭配(in a row、a row of chairs),可描述“座位排”“树木排”等,“连续”用“for...in a row”(如for three days in a row,连续三天)。
【常用搭配】
a row of trees(一排树)、sit in a row(坐成一排)、three in a row(连续三个)
【用法示例】
1. The students sat in a row and listened to the teacher carefully.(学生们坐成一排,认真听老师讲课。)
2. There is a row of beautiful flowers in front of our classroom.(我们教室前面有一排漂亮的花。)
3. It rained for five days in a row, so the ground was very wet.(连续下了五天雨,地面很湿。)
58. shape (n.)形状,外形(指物体或人的外观轮廓、形态)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“shapes”,常与“in the shape of”(呈……形状)、“different shapes”(不同形状)、“change shape”(改变形状)搭配,可描述“几何形状”(如circle、square)或“物体外形”。
【常用搭配】
in the shape of(呈……形状)、different shapes(不同形状)、the shape of a ball(球的形状)
【用法示例】
1. The moon changes its shape every month; sometimes it's round, sometimes it's thin.(月亮每个月都变形状,有时圆,有时细。)
2. She made a cake in the shape of a heart for her mother's birthday.(她给妈妈做了一个心形的生日蛋糕。)
3. The children are drawing pictures of objects with different shapes.(孩子们正在画不同形状的物体。)
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.My soccer ball is ________ the floor (地板), ________ the desk.
A.on, under B.on, on C.under, under D.under, in
2.—Must I finish it today?
—No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.don’t need
3.Annie and Lucy grew up in one family, but they do things ______.
A.easily B.luckily C.importantly D.differently
4.—Which one do you prefer? The red one or the blue one?
—I like _________ of them. Yellow is my favourite.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
5.It will be ________ in London tomorrow.
A.rain B.snow C.cloud D.windy
6.My sister doesn’t like getting up early. I don’t like, ________.
A.too B.also C.either D.or
7.—_________. Can you tell me how to get to the library, please?
—Sure. Go along the street and then turn left.
A.You are welcome B.Thanks a lot C.Excuse me D.All right
8.—Where are you from?
— _______.
A.I’m zhaxi B.It is ok C.I’m from Lhasa D.It’s fine
9.—Where do you usually have your PE lessons?
—_______. We can have fun there.
A.In the library B.At the school hall C.On the sports field D.In the music room
10.The ________ is a place where we can take a bath and get clean.
A.bedroom B.bathroom C.kitchen D.living room
11.My house is not very big, but it has a nice ________ where we can grow some flowers and vegetables.
A.yard B.roof C.cellar D.attic
12.—Where do you usually have breakfast?
—We usually have breakfast in the ________.
A.balcony B.bathroom C.dining room D.garage
13.There is a big window in the living room, and it makes the room very ________.
A.dark B.bright C.small D.dirty
14.The desk is full of papers. We need to ________ them.
A.organize B.decorate C.destroy D.ignore
15.—Where is my book?
—It’s ________ under the chair.
A.hiding B.hidden C.hides D.hid
16.There are many things on the floor. Let’s ________ them first.
A.pick up B.look for C.put away D.throw away
17.The clothes are on the bed. Please ________ them in the wardrobe.
A.put B.give C.take D.bring
18.—Your room is so messy. You should ________ it up.
—OK, I will.
A.clean B.tidy C.make D.put
19.People in the city usually live in ________.
A.houses B.villages C.apartments D.countryside
20.— ________ is your eraser, Susan?
—It’s in my pencil case.
A.What B.Where C.Who D.How
21.—_________?
—No, it’s on my chair.
A.Is this your pencil B.Where is your English book
C.Is your schoolbag in your desk D.What color is your cap
22.—Tom, is your school big?
—Yes. There ________ six teaching buildings and a gym in my school.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
23.—Let’s play computer games.
—No, that sounds ________.
A.boring B.easily C.interesting D.well
24.—The sweaters in that store are on sale now. Do you want to buy any sweaters?
—________. Let’s go and buy some.
A.Sorry, I don’t B.Of course
C.I don’t know D.Yes, I can
25.—Welcome to our school. Let me show you around. ________
—Thank you so much.
A.This way, please. B.Hurry up. C.All right. D.See you then.
26.— Mom, the music sounds ________ and I like it very much.
— Yeah, my boy, I like it too.
A.well B.bad C.good D.boring
27.—________ is your tape player?
—It is ________ the bed ________ my room.
A.When; in; on B.Where; under; in C.Where; on; under D.When; on; in
28.I like my hometown because of its beautiful ________.
A.apartment B.scenery C.environment D.village
29.The small town is very quiet and the air is very ________.
A.fresh B.crowded C.dirty D.noisy
30.—What’s on the desk?
—There ________ two dictionaries, a schoolbag and a radio.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
二、单词拼写
31.I meet many (friend) people when I travel in the country.
32.She bought a pair of (glove).
33.Such action of care has (true) provided the parents with peace of mind.
34.The balcony is a good place to enjoy the fresh air and the (sun).
35.There are many beautiful (photo) on the wall of the living room.
36.My bedroom is my (person) space, and I like to decorate it myself.
37.The living room is a great place for family (gather).
38.The sofa in the living room is very (comfort) to sit on.
39.The bookshelf is made of (wood), and it is very strong.
40.The wardrobe is full of my mother’s (cloth).
41.The flowers in the vase are very (beauty).
42.The teddy bear on the bed makes the room look very (love).
43.Don’t leave your things (lie) around. Put them away.
44.After (clean), the room looks much better.
45.She is busy (organize) her things in the suitcase.
46.The tall building has many (apartment) for people to live in.
47.The city center is always (crowd) with people and cars.
48.The cinema is a popular place for people to enjoy (entertain).
49.The park is a good place for people to (relax) and have fun.
50.I am (excite) to go swimming.
51.What about (take) a walk?
52.Do you mind (wash) hands here?
53.Please remember (bring) your photos here when you come back.
54. , I had a chance to interview the famous pianist. (luck)
55.I can see lots of (animal) in the zoo. They are very cute.
三、完成句子
56.——你能再拼一遍你的名字吗?我刚才没听清。
——当然可以。P-H-I-L-L-I-P.
—Can you spell your name again? I didn’t hear you just now.
— . P-H-I-L-L-I-P.
57.1班有多少学生?
students in Class One?
58.体育馆在音乐大厅的对面。
The gym is the music hall.
59.我家有一个大客厅,我们经常在那里招待客人。
There is a big in my house, and we often receive guests there.
60.把书按顺序放在书架上。
Put the books on the shelf .
61.是时候整理你的房间了。
It’s time to your room.
62.我们家通常是妈妈做晚饭。
My mother usually in our family.
63.我们上学不能迟到。
We can’t be school.
64.玛丽晚上不想出去。
Mary doesn’t want to at night.
65.我妈妈总是对我很严格。
My mother always me.
66.这件事使老师感到不高兴了。
That the teacher .
67.我们得吃些食物,我们太饿了。
We eat some food. We are too hungry.
68.因为她总是有太多的家务活要做,所以她从不开心。
She never because she has housework to do.
69.我姑姑的房子冬暖夏凉。
My aunt’s house cool in summer and warm .
70.你能告诉我如何到达医院吗?
Can you tell me to the hospital?
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2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024)
Unit 3 Home and Places重点词汇
必备知识清单
重点词汇释义
1. furniture (n.)家具(总称,无复数形式,不可直接用a/an修饰,表数量需用“a piece of furniture”)
【用法拓展】
不可数名词,指代家庭、办公室等场景中的各类家具(如桌子、沙发、衣柜等),强调“整体类别”,不能加-s。
【常用搭配】
a piece of furniture(一件家具)、office furniture(办公家具)、wooden furniture(木制家具)
【用法示例】
1. There is a lot of new furniture in their living room.(他们客厅里有很多新家具。)
2. She bought a piece of wooden furniture last weekend.(她上周末买了一件木制家具。)
3. We need to move the furniture to the new flat.(我们需要把家具搬到新公寓去。)
2. equipment (n.)设备,器材(指用于特定目的的工具、器械总称,无复数)
【用法拓展】
不可数名词,不能直接用a/an修饰,表数量常用“a set of equipment”(一套设备)或“a piece of equipment”(一件器材),多用于工作、运动、实验等场景。
【常用搭配】
sports equipment(运动器材)、medical equipment(医疗设备)、office equipment(办公设备)
【用法示例】
1. The school has bought new sports equipment for the students.(学校为学生们买了新的运动器材。)
2. This lab needs more advanced medical equipment.(这个实验室需要更先进的医疗设备。)
3. We should take good care of the office equipment.(我们应该好好爱护办公设备。)
3. living room (n. 短语)客厅,起居室(家庭中用于休息、会客的主要公共空间)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“living rooms”,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语,常与“in”“decorate”“stay in”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
in the living room(在客厅里)、decorate the living room(装饰客厅)、a big living room(一个大客厅)
【用法示例】
1. My family often watches TV in the living room.(我们家人经常在客厅里看电视。)
2. She wants to decorate her living room with some flowers.(她想用一些花装饰她的客厅。)
3. There is a large sofa in our living room.(我们的客厅里有一个大沙发。)
4. bathroom (n.)浴室;洗手间,卫生间(既可指带淋浴/浴缸的“浴室”,也可指用于洗漱、方便的“卫生间”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bathrooms”,可描述住宅、酒店等场所的卫生设施,常与“in”“clean”“wash hands in”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
in the bathroom(在浴室/卫生间里)、a clean bathroom(一个干净的浴室)、bathroom mirror(浴室镜子)
【用法示例】
1. The bathroom is next to the bedroom.(浴室紧挨着卧室。)
2. She is washing her hands in the bathroom.(她正在卫生间里洗手。)
3. We need to clean the bathroom every day.(我们需要每天打扫浴室。)
5. bedroom (n.)卧室(用于睡觉、休息的私人房间)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bedrooms”,可描述住宅中的私人房间或酒店房型(如a single bedroom“单人间”),常与“in”“paint”“sleep in”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
in the bedroom(在卧室里)、a small bedroom(一个小卧室)、bedroom window(卧室窗户)
【用法示例】
1. My bedroom has a big window with a good view.(我的卧室有一扇视野很好的大窗户。)
2. She likes to read books in her bedroom before sleep.(她喜欢睡前在卧室里看书。)
3. They are going to paint their son's bedroom blue.(他们打算把儿子的卧室刷成蓝色。)
6. bookcase (n.)书架,书柜(用于存放书籍的多层家具)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bookcases”,多置于客厅、书房,常与“put...on”“fill...with”“wooden”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
a wooden bookcase(一个木制书架)、put books on the bookcase(把书放在书架上)、a big bookcase(一个大书柜)
【用法示例】
1. There are many storybooks on the bookcase.(书架上有很多故事书。)
2. My father made a new bookcase for me last month.(我爸爸上个月给我做了一个新书架。)
3. She wants to put this dictionary on the top of the bookcase.(她想把这本词典放在书架的顶层。)
7. machine (n.)机器,机械装置(由多个部件组成、用于完成特定工作的设备)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“machines”,可描述工业、家庭、办公场景的机械(如洗衣机、打印机),常与“operate”“use”“repair”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
washing machine(洗衣机)、sewing machine(缝纫机)、operate a machine(操作机器)
【用法示例】
1. This machine can help us finish the work quickly.(这台机器能帮我们快速完成工作。)
2. My mother bought a new washing machine last week.(我妈妈上周买了一台新洗衣机。)
3. He is learning how to operate this new machine.(他正在学习如何操作这台新机器。)
8. washing machine (n. 短语)洗衣机(用于自动清洗衣物的家用电器)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“washing machines”,家庭常见电器,常与“use”“buy”“repair”“wash clothes with”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
use the washing machine(使用洗衣机)、repair the washing machine(修理洗衣机)、a new washing machine(一台新洗衣机)
【用法示例】
1. My sister often uses the washing machine to wash clothes.(我姐姐经常用洗衣机洗衣服。)
2. Our washing machine broke down yesterday, so we need to repair it.(我们的洗衣机昨天坏了,所以我们需要修理它。)
3. They bought a new washing machine with many functions.(他们买了一台功能很多的新洗衣机。)
9. fridge (n.)冰箱(=refrigerator,用于冷藏/冷冻食物、饮料的家用电器)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“fridges”,口语常用“fridge”,书面可用“refrigerator”,常与“put...in”“take...out of”“keep fresh”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
put in the fridge(放进冰箱)、take out of the fridge(从冰箱里拿出来)、a big fridge(一个大冰箱)
【用法示例】
1. Please put the milk in the fridge to keep it fresh.(请把牛奶放进冰箱保持新鲜。)
2. She took a bottle of juice out of the fridge just now.(她刚才从冰箱里拿出了一瓶果汁。)
3. There are some vegetables and fruits in our fridge.(我们的冰箱里有一些蔬菜和水果。)
10. cooker (n.)厨灶,炉具(用于烹饪的设备,通常含炉灶和烤箱)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“cookers”,需与“cook”(厨师/动词“烹饪”)区分,常与“use”“turn on”“cook on”“gas/electric”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
electric cooker(电灶)、gas cooker(燃气灶)、cook on the cooker(在灶上做饭)
【用法示例】
1. My mother is cooking dinner on the gas cooker.(我妈妈正在燃气灶上做晚饭。)
2. We need to buy a new electric cooker because the old one is broken.(我们需要买一个新电灶,因为旧的坏了。)
3. Please turn off the cooker after you finish cooking.(做完饭后请关掉灶具。)
11. sofa (n.)长沙发(客厅中用于坐卧休息的家具,可容纳多人)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“sofas”,客厅核心家具,常与“sit on”“lie on”“put a blanket on”等搭配。
【常用搭配】
sit on the sofa(坐在沙发上)、lie on the sofa(躺在沙发上)、a soft sofa(一个柔软的沙发)
【用法示例】
1. My grandfather often sits on the sofa and reads newspapers.(我爷爷经常坐在沙发上看报纸。)
2. The cat is lying on the sofa and sleeping.(那只猫正躺在沙发上睡觉。)
3. She put a blanket on the sofa to keep warm.(她在沙发上放了一条毯子保暖。)
12. flat (n. & adj.)n. 公寓,单元房(英式英语,美式为apartment);adj. 水平的,平坦的
【用法拓展】
n.(可数,复数flats):描述城市多层建筑中的一套住房,常与“live in”“buy”“a small/big”搭配;adj.:描述表面无起伏,可作定语(flat ground)或表语(be flat)。
【常用搭配】
(n.)a small flat(小公寓)、live in a flat(住公寓);(adj.)flat ground(平坦地面)、flat roof(平屋顶)
【用法示例】
1. They live in a small flat near the park.(他们住在公园附近的小公寓里。)(n.)
2. This table has a flat surface, so it's easy to clean.(这张桌子表面平坦,很容易清洁。)(adj.)
3. She wants to buy a flat with two bedrooms.(她想买一套两卧室的公寓。)(n.)
13. thing (n.)物件,物品,事物(可指具体物品,也可指抽象事情)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“things”,使用范围极广:指具体物品时与“buy”“take”搭配;指抽象事情时与“talk about”“important”搭配。
【常用搭配】
all kinds of things(各种各样的东西/事)、small things(小物件/小事)、important things(重要的事)
【用法示例】
1. She bought many small things in the supermarket.(她在超市买了很多小物件。)
2. We need to talk about some important things in the meeting.(我们要在会议上讨论重要的事。)
3. Don't forget to take your personal things when you leave.(离开时别忘了带个人物品。)
14. shower (n.)淋浴器,淋浴间;淋浴(可指设备,也可指“洗淋浴”的行为)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“showers”:指设备时与“install”“use”搭配;指行为时需用“take a shower/have a shower”(洗淋浴)。
【常用搭配】
take a shower(洗淋浴)、shower room(淋浴间)、electric shower(电淋浴器)
【用法示例】
1. There is an electric shower in our bathroom.(我们浴室里有一个电淋浴器。)
2. He usually takes a shower before going to bed.(他通常睡前洗淋浴。)
3. The shower room is next to the bedroom.(淋浴间紧挨着卧室。)
# 北师大版7上Unit 3词汇讲解(续)
## 15. comfortable (adj.)使人舒服的,舒适的;愉快放松的(可描述物品给人的感受,也可形容人所处的状态)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(如sofa、bed),或作表语与系动词(feel、be)搭配;副词形式为“comfortably”,反义词为“uncomfortable”(不舒服的)。
【常用搭配】
a comfortable sofa(舒适的沙发)、feel comfortable(感觉舒服)、a comfortable life(舒适的生活)
【用法示例】
1. This comfortable chair is perfect for reading.(这把舒适的椅子非常适合阅读。)
2. She feels comfortable when she stays at home.(待在家里时,她感觉很放松。)
3. We want to create a comfortable environment for our guests.(我们想为客人营造一个舒适的环境。)
16. cream (adj. & n.)adj. 奶油色的,乳白色的;n. 奶油,乳脂(食物原料,也可指化妆品中的“乳霜”)
【用法拓展】
adj. 作定语修饰名词(如dress、wall),表颜色;n. 不可数名词(表“奶油”时),可与“put...on”“add...to”搭配,也可指“面霜”(如face cream)。
【常用搭配】
(adj.)a cream dress(奶油色连衣裙);(n.)chocolate cream(巧克力奶油)、face cream(面霜)
【用法示例】
1. She bought a cream skirt for the summer.(她买了一条乳白色的裙子过夏天。)(adj.)
2. My mother adds some cream to the coffee.(妈妈往咖啡里加了些奶油。)(n.)
3. You should put this face cream on your skin before going out.(出门前你应该把这款面霜涂在皮肤上。)(n.)
17. all kinds of (phrase)各种各样的(用于修饰可数名词复数,表“多种类型”)
【用法拓展】
后接可数名词复数(如books、things),在句中作定语,强调范围广、种类多,同义短语为“different kinds of”。
【常用搭配】
all kinds of books(各种各样的书)、all kinds of fruits(各种各样的水果)、all kinds of activities(各种各样的活动)
【用法示例】
1. The library has all kinds of storybooks for children.(图书馆有各种各样给孩子看的故事书。)
2. There are all kinds of flowers in the park in spring.(春天公园里有各种各样的花。)
3. My father can fix all kinds of small machines.(爸爸会修各种各样的小机器。)
18. inside (adv. & prep. & n. & adj.)adv. & prep. 在(或向)里面;在(或向)……内;n. 里面,内部;adj. 内部的,里面的
【用法拓展】
adv. 修饰动词(如go、stay),表位置;prep. 后接名词(如room、box),表“在……内部”;n. 常与“the”搭配(the inside);adj. 作定语修饰名词(如door、pocket)。
【常用搭配】
(adv.)go inside(进去);(prep.)inside the house(在房子里);(n.)the inside of the box(盒子里面);(adj.)inside pocket(内兜)
【用法示例】
1. It's cold outside, so please come inside quickly.(外面冷,快进来吧。)(adv.)
2. There is a small desk inside the bedroom.(卧室里面有一张小书桌。)(prep.)
3. The inside of the bag is red and very clean.(包的内部是红色的,而且很干净。)(n.)
19. dictionary (n.)词典,字典,辞书(用于查询单词含义、用法的工具书)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“dictionaries”,常与“use”“look up...in”“a Chinese-English”(汉英词典)等搭配,“look up”后接单词时,需用“look up sth. in the dictionary”(不能说“look up the dictionary”)。
【常用搭配】
a Chinese-English dictionary(汉英词典)、look up a word in the dictionary(在词典里查单词)、use a dictionary(用词典)
【用法示例】
1. I need a new English dictionary for my English class.(我需要一本新的英语词典上英语课用。)
2. If you don't know the word, you can look it up in the dictionary.(如果你不认识这个单词,可以在词典里查一下。)
3. Her father gave her a big dictionary as a birthday gift.(她爸爸送了她一本大词典当生日礼物。)
20. bookshelf (n.)书架(用于存放书籍的多层架子,复数形式为“bookshelves”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,单数“bookshelf”,复数需变“f”为“v”加“es”(bookshelves),常与“put...on”“fill...with”“next to”搭配,多置于书房、客厅。
【常用搭配】
a wooden bookshelf(木制书架)、put books on the bookshelf(把书放在书架上)、fill the bookshelf with books(把书架装满书)
【用法示例】
1. There are two bookshelves in my study.(我的书房里有两个书架。)(复数)
2. He put his new storybook on the top of the bookshelf.(他把新故事书放在了书架顶层。)(单数)
3. We need to clean the bookshelf every month to keep it tidy.(我们需要每月打扫书架,保持整洁。)(单数)
21. next to (prep. phrase)紧邻,在……近旁(表位置关系,强调“紧挨着”,距离极近)
【用法拓展】
后接名词(如house、desk),在句中作状语或表语,可与“beside”互换,比“near”(附近)距离更近。
【常用搭配】
next to the window(紧邻窗户)、next to my desk(在我的书桌旁)、next to the park(在公园旁边)
【用法示例】
1. Our classroom is next to the teachers' office.(我们的教室紧挨着教师办公室。)
2. She sits next to me in class, so we often help each other.(上课她坐在我旁边,所以我们经常互相帮助。)
3. There is a small shop next to our flat building.(我们的公寓楼旁边有一家小商店。)
22. need (v. & n. & modal v.)v. 需要,必需;n. 需要,必须;modal v. 需要(多用于口语,后接动词原形,否定式为“needn't”)
【用法拓展】
v. 后接名词(need help)或“to do”(need to study);n. 不可数名词(表“需求”),常与“meet”(满足需求)搭配;modal v. 仅用于否定句和疑问句,无第三人称单数变化。
【常用搭配】
(v.)need to do sth.(需要做某事)、need help(需要帮助);(n.)meet one's needs(满足某人的需求);(modal v.)needn't worry(不必担心)
【用法示例】
1. We need to finish our homework before dinner.(我们需要在晚饭前完成作业。)(v.)
2. The company tries its best to meet the needs of customers.(公司尽力满足客户的需求。)(n.)
3. You needn't come early tomorrow; the meeting starts at 10.(你明天不必早来,会议10点开始。)(modal v.)
23. either (adv. & det. & pron.)adv. (用于否定)也;det. & pron. (两者中的)任何一个
【用法拓展】
adv. 仅用于否定句末尾,前加逗号;det. 后接单数名词(either book);pron. 可单独使用(either is OK),表示“两者选其一”,否定表达为“neither”(两者都不)。
【常用搭配】
(adv.)me either(我也不);(det.)either side(两边中的任何一边);(pron.)either of the two(两者中的任何一个)
【用法示例】
1. She doesn't like coffee, and I don't like it either.(她不喜欢咖啡,我也不喜欢。)(adv.)
2. You can take either book; both are interesting.(你可以拿任何一本书,两本都很有趣。)(det.)
3. Either of the two roads can lead to the park.(这两条路中的任何一条都能到公园。)(pron.)
24. messy (adj.)肮脏的,凌乱的(描述环境、物品摆放不整齐,或人衣着不整洁)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(messy room)或作表语(be messy),反义词为“tidy”(整洁的),副词形式为“messily”。
【常用搭配】
a messy desk(凌乱的书桌)、messy hair(乱糟糟的头发)、keep from getting messy(避免变乱)
【用法示例】
1. His bedroom is always messy; he never cleans it.(他的卧室总是乱糟糟的,他从不打扫。)
2. Don't eat messily; use a fork and knife properly.(别吃得乱七八糟,正确使用刀叉。)(副词形式)
3. The children made the living room messy while playing games.(孩子们玩游戏时把客厅弄得很乱。)
25. guess (vt. & vi.)猜测,估计(指对未知事物进行推测,或凭感觉判断)
【用法拓展】
vt. 后接名词(guess the answer)或宾语从句(guess what happened);vi. 可单独使用(Guess!),常与“at”搭配(guess at the price),表示“粗略猜测”。
【常用搭配】
guess the answer(猜答案)、guess what(猜猜看)、guess at the time(估计时间)
【用法示例】
1. Can you guess how old my little sister is?(你能猜出我妹妹多大了吗?)(vt.)
2. Don't guess; let's check the answer in the book.(别猜了,我们看书上的答案吧。)(vi.)
3. She guessed at the cost of the new phone, but she wasn't sure.(她估计了一下新手机的价格,但不确定。)(vi.)
26. easily (adv.)容易地,不费力地(描述做某事不需要花费太多力气)
【用法拓展】
修饰动词(如learn、finish)或形容词(如easily angry),形容词形式为“easy”(容易的),反义词为“hardly”(几乎不)或“with difficulty”(困难地)。
【常用搭配】
learn easily(学得轻松)、finish easily(轻松完成)、solve easily(容易解决)
【用法示例】
1. He is good at math, so he can solve this problem easily.(他数学好,所以能轻松解出这道题。)
2. This new app is designed so that old people can use it easily.(这款新应用设计得让老年人能轻松使用。)
3. The little bird can fly easily across the small river.(这只小鸟能轻松飞过这条小河。)
27. building (n.)建筑物,楼房(指人工建造的、用于居住、工作或其他用途的房屋或高楼)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“buildings”,可描述公寓楼、办公楼、教学楼等,常与“tall”“new”“live in”搭配,动词形式为“build”(建造)。
【常用搭配】
a tall building(高楼)、office building(办公楼)、live in a building(住在一栋楼里)
【用法示例】
1. There is a new school building in our neighborhood.(我们街区有一栋新的教学楼。)
2. This tall building has 30 floors, and my uncle lives on the 25th.(这栋高楼有30层,我叔叔住在25层。)
3. Workers spent two years building this big building.(工人们花了两年时间建造这栋大楼。)(动词形式“building”)
28. crop (n.)庄稼,作物(指农民种植的、用于食用或工业用途的植物,如小麦、水稻、棉花等)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“crops”,常与“grow”“harvest”“plant”搭配,可描述“农作物”或“收成”(如good crop)。
【常用搭配】
grow crops(种庄稼)、harvest crops(收割庄稼)、good crop(好收成)
【用法示例】
1. Farmers grow different crops in different seasons.(农民在不同的季节种不同的庄稼。)
2. The heavy rain helped the crops grow well this year.(今年的大雨让庄稼长得很好。)
3. We had a good crop of apples because the weather was nice.(因为天气好,我们今年苹果收成不错。)
29. mall (n.)购物商场,购物广场(指包含多个商店、餐厅、娱乐设施的大型综合购物场所)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“malls”,常与“go to”“shopping mall”(购物中心)“in the mall”搭配,口语中常用,比“shop”(小商店)规模大。
【常用搭配】
shopping mall(购物中心)、go to the mall(去商场)、eat in the mall(在商场里吃饭)
【用法示例】
1. My mother and I often go to the mall on weekends to buy clothes.(我妈妈和我周末常去商场买衣服。)
2. There is a big mall near our new flat, so it's easy to shop.(我们的新公寓附近有个大商场,购物很方便。)
3. The mall has a new cinema; let's watch a movie there tonight.(商场里新开了一家电影院,今晚我们去那儿看电影吧。)
30. e-pal (n.)网友(指通过电子邮件、网络聊天等方式认识的朋友,“e-”表示“电子的”,类似“e-mail”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“e-pals”,常与“make”(交网友)“write to”(给网友写信)搭配,口语和书面语中均可使用。
【常用搭配】
make an e-pal(交网友)、write to my e-pal(给我的网友写信)、chat with an e-pal(和网友聊天)
【用法示例】
1. She made an e-pal from America last year, and they write to each other every month.(她去年交了一个美国网友,他们每月互相写信。)
2. My e-pal sent me some photos of his hometown yesterday.(我的网友昨天给我发了一些他家乡的照片。)
3. You should be careful when talking to a new e-pal online.(和新网友在线聊天时,你要小心。)
31. central (adj.)在中心的,中央的(描述位置处于中心地带,或事物起核心作用)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(central park、central role)或作表语(be central to),强调“核心性”或“地理位置居中”,名词形式为“center”(中心)。
【常用搭配】
central park(中央公园)、central city(市中心)、be central to sth.(对某事至关重要)
【用法示例】
1. Our school is in the central part of the city, so it's easy to get to.(我们学校在市中心,所以很容易到达。)
2. The central square is the most crowded place in our town on holidays.(节假日时,中心广场是我们镇上最拥挤的地方。)
3. Communication is central to building a good relationship with others.(沟通对建立良好的人际关系至关重要。)
32. community (n.)社区;社会(指居住在同一区域的人群,或具有共同特征的群体)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“communities”,常与“live in”“community service”(社区服务)“local community”(当地社区)搭配,可描述“小社区”或“大社会群体”。
【常用搭配】
local community(当地社区)、community service(社区服务)、live in a community(住在一个社区里)
【用法示例】
1. People in our community often help each other when they are in trouble.(我们社区的人遇到困难时经常互相帮助。)
2. The school organized a community service activity last weekend.(学校上周末组织了一次社区服务活动。)
3. This new library is open to everyone in the community.(这个新图书馆对社区里的所有人开放。)
33. around (adv. & prep.)adv. 周围,四周;大约;prep. 围绕,环绕(表位置“在周围”或时间“大约”)
【用法拓展】
adv. 修饰动词(look around、wait around)或表时间(around 3 o'clock);prep. 后接名词(walk around the park、sit around the table),表“环绕某物”。
【常用搭配】
(adv.)look around(环顾四周)、around 5 p.m.(大约下午5点);(prep.)walk around the lake(绕着湖走)、sit around the fire(围着火坐)
【用法示例】
1. She looked around, but she couldn't find her keys.(她环顾四周,但没找到钥匙。)(adv.)
2. We will meet at the school gate around 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.(我们明天早上大约8点在学校门口集合。)(adv.)
3. The children are sitting around the teacher and listening to stories.(孩子们围坐在老师身边听故事。)(prep.)
34. friendly (adj.)友好的;善意的(描述人态度亲切、乐于助人,或事物让人感觉亲切)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(friendly people、friendly smile)或作表语(be friendly to),注意无比较级“friendlier”,最高级“friendliest”,名词形式为“friend”(朋友)。
【常用搭配】
friendly people(友好的人)、be friendly to others(对别人友好)、a friendly smile(亲切的微笑)
【用法示例】
1. The people in this small town are very friendly to visitors.(这个小镇的人对游客很友好。)
2. She gave me a friendly wave when she passed by my desk.(她经过我书桌时,友好地向我挥了挥手。)
3. Our new neighbor has a friendly dog; it never barks at people.(我们的新邻居有一只温顺的狗,它从不咬人。)
35. neighbourhood (n.)街区,城区(指居住的附近区域,包含住宅、商店、公园等,也可写作“neighborhood”,美式拼写)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“neighbourhoods”,常与“in”“live in”“local neighbourhood”搭配,强调“居住周边的环境”。
【常用搭配】
in the neighbourhood(在街区里)、local neighbourhood(当地街区)、quiet neighbourhood(安静的街区)
【用法示例】
1. There is a small supermarket in our neighbourhood, so we buy food easily.(我们街区里有一家小超市,买东西很方便。)
2. I like living in this neighbourhood because it's very quiet.(我喜欢住在这个街区,因为它很安静。)
3. The children in the neighbourhood often play together after school.(街区里的孩子们放学后经常一起玩。)
36. luckily (adv.)幸运地;幸好(用于描述事情发展顺利、避免不好的结果,表“幸运的是”)
【用法拓展】
多置于句首,后加逗号,修饰整个句子;也可置于句中或句末,形容词形式为“lucky”(幸运的),反义词为“unluckily”(不幸地)。
【常用搭配】
luckily enough(足够幸运)、luckily for sb.(对某人来说幸运的是)
【用法示例】
1. Luckily, we took an umbrella, so we didn't get wet in the rain.(幸好我们带了伞,没被雨淋到。)
2. Luckily for her, the bus was late, so she didn't miss it.(对她来说幸运的是,公交车晚点了,她没错过。)
3. He forgot his homework, but luckily his teacher let him hand it in tomorrow.(他忘带作业了,但幸运的是老师让他明天交。)
37. describe (v.)描述,形容(指用语言或文字详细说明人、事、物的特征、样子或过程)
【用法拓展】
及物动词,后接名词(describe the place)或宾语从句(describe what you saw),常与“to”搭配(describe sth. to sb.,向某人描述某物),名词形式为“description”(描述)。
【常用搭配】
describe sth. to sb.(向某人描述某物)、describe in detail(详细描述)、describe the appearance(描述外貌)
【用法示例】
1. Can you describe your new school to me? I want to know what it looks like.(你能给我描述一下你的新学校吗?我想知道它是什么样子的。)
2. She described the accident in detail to the police.(她向警察详细描述了那场事故。)
3. The book describes the life of farmers in the 19th century.(这本书描述了19世纪农民的生活。)
38. dream (n. & vt. & vi.)n. 梦想,理想;梦;vt. & vi. 做梦;想象(可指“梦境”,也可指“人生理想”)
【用法拓展】
n. 可数名词(复数dreams),“梦想”常与“achieve”(实现梦想)、“have a dream”(有一个梦想)搭配;“梦”常与“have”“remember”搭配;v. 后接名词(dream a dream)或宾语从句(dream that...),“梦想做某事”用“dream of doing sth.”。
【常用搭配】
(n.)have a dream(有梦想)、achieve one's dream(实现梦想);(v.)dream of becoming(梦想成为)、dream about(梦见)
【用法示例】
1. His dream is to become a doctor and help sick people.(他的梦想是成为一名医生,帮助病人。)(n.)
2. She dreamed of traveling around the world when she was a little girl.(她小时候梦想环游世界。)(v.)
3. I had a strange dream last night; I was flying in the sky.(我昨晚做了个奇怪的梦,我在天上飞。)(n.)
39. forest (n.)森林(指大片生长的树木区域,比“wood”(小树林)面积大)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“forests”,常与“in”“go into”“large”“small”搭配,可描述“原始森林”(primitive forest)或“人工林”(man-made forest)。
【常用搭配】
in the forest(在森林里)、large forest(大片森林)、walk through the forest(穿过森林)
【用法示例】
1. There are many different kinds of animals living in this big forest.(这片大森林里生活着很多不同种类的动物。)
2. We went for a walk through the forest with our teacher last week.(上周我们和老师一起穿过森林散步。)
3. Cutting down too many trees will destroy the homes of animals in the forest.(砍太多树会破坏森林里动物的家园。)
40. fresh (adj.)清新的;新鲜的(可描述空气、食物、水等,表“未变质”或“无污染”)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(fresh air、fresh fruit)或作表语(be fresh),反义词为“stale”(不新鲜的,如stale bread),副词形式为“freshly”(如freshly cooked)。
【常用搭配】
fresh air(清新的空气)、fresh fruit(新鲜水果)、fresh water(淡水)
【用法示例】
1. We can breathe fresh air in the park early in the morning.(早上我们能在公园里呼吸到清新的空气。)
2. My mother buys fresh vegetables from the market every day.(妈妈每天从市场买新鲜的蔬菜。)
3. The milk is not fresh anymore; we shouldn't drink it.(这牛奶不新鲜了,我们别喝了。)
41. view (n. & v.)n. 景色,风景;看法,见解;v. 把……视为,以……看待
【用法拓展】
n. “景色”常与“beautiful”“good”搭配(beautiful view),“看法”常与“in one's view”(在某人看来)、“express one's view”(表达观点)搭配;v. 后接名词+as(view sth. as,把某物视为……),同义短语为“regard...as”。
【常用搭配】
(n.)beautiful view(美丽的景色)、in my view(在我看来);(v.)view as(视为)、view sth. differently(对某物有不同看法)
【用法示例】
1. From the top of the mountain, we can see a beautiful view of the city.(从山顶上,我们能看到城市的美丽景色。)(n.)
2. In my view, reading books is the best way to learn new knowledge.(在我看来,读书是学习新知识的最好方式。)(n.)
3. Most people view this new policy as a good way to help students.(大多数人认为这项新政策是帮助学生的好方法。)(v.)
42. magic (adj. & n.)adj. 有魔力的;n. 魔法,法术(可指“超自然的魔力”,也可形容事物“神奇的”)
【用法拓展】
adj. 作定语修饰名词(magic world、magic book),表“神奇的、有魔力的”;n. 不可数名词(表“魔法”时),常与“use”“learn”搭配(use magic),也可指“魔术”(如stage magic)。
【常用搭配】
(adj.)magic world(魔法世界)、magic trick(魔术把戏);(n.)black magic(黑魔法)、perform magic(表演魔术)
【用法示例】
1. The children are reading a story about a magic castle in a faraway land.(孩子们正在读一个关于遥远国度里魔法城堡的故事。)(adj.)
2. The magician used his magic to make the rabbit disappear.(魔术师用魔法让兔子消失了。)(n.)
3. This magic lamp can grant people three wishes in the story.(故事里这盏神灯能满足人们三个愿望。)(adj.)
43. cloud (n.)云,云朵(指天空中由水汽凝结形成的白色或灰色块状物)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“clouds”,常与“in the sky”“white”“dark”搭配,可描述“乌云”(dark clouds)或“白云”(white clouds),动词形式为“cloud”(使模糊,如cloud one's eyes)。
【常用搭配】
white clouds(白云)、dark clouds(乌云)、in the clouds(在天空中;心不在焉)
【用法示例】
1. There are many white clouds in the blue sky today.(今天蓝天上有很多白云。)
2. Dark clouds are coming; I think it's going to rain soon.(乌云来了,我觉得很快要下雨了。)
3. Her eyes were clouded with tears when she heard the sad news.(听到这个坏消息时,她的眼睛蒙上了泪水。)(动词形式)
44. fantastic (adj.)极好的,了不起的(用于形容人、事、物让人感到惊喜、出色,程度比“good”强)
【用法拓展】
作定语修饰名词(fantastic idea、fantastic trip)或作表语(be fantastic),口语中常用,可表达“赞叹”,同义词为“wonderful”“great”。
【常用搭配】
fantastic idea(绝妙的主意)、fantastic trip(精彩的旅行)、have a fantastic time(玩得很开心)
【用法示例】
1. We had a fantastic time at the amusement park yesterday.(昨天我们在游乐园玩得很开心。)
2. She came up with a fantastic idea to solve this problem.(她想出了一个绝妙的办法来解决这个问题。)
3. The singer gave a fantastic performance last night; everyone loved it.(昨晚那位歌手的表演很精彩,大家都很喜欢。)
45. office (n.)办公室;问询处,服务处(指工作的房间或机构,也可指“服务窗口”)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“offices”,常与“in”“go to”“teacher's office”(教师办公室)、“post office”(邮局)搭配,“在办公室工作”用“work in an office”。
【常用搭配】
teacher's office(教师办公室)、office worker(办公室职员)、go to the office(去办公室)
【用法示例】
1. My father works in an office in the city center.(我爸爸在市中心的一间办公室工作。)
2. If you have questions, you can go to the school office and ask the teacher.(如果你有问题,可以去学校办公室问老师。)
3. The new office has big windows and is very bright.(新办公室有大窗户,非常明亮。)
46. post office (n. phrase)邮局(指办理邮寄信件、包裹、汇款等业务的机构)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“post offices”,常与“go to”“in front of”“near”搭配,“寄信”用“send a letter in the post office”或“post a letter”。
【常用搭配】
go to the post office(去邮局)、near the post office(在邮局附近)、send a package at the post office(在邮局寄包裹)
【用法示例】
1. I need to go to the post office to send this package to my grandma.(我需要去邮局把这个包裹寄给奶奶。)
2. The post office is on the left side of the road; you can't miss it.(邮局在路的左边,你不会找不到的。)
3. She bought some stamps at the post office this morning.(她今天早上在邮局买了一些邮票。)
47. of course (phrase)当然(用于回答问题,表示“肯定、同意”,语气比“yes”强,也可用于强调“显而易见”)
【用法拓展】
单独使用或置于句首/句中,作状语,可回答“Can you...?”“Will you...?”等问句,同义短语为“certainly”“sure”。
【常用搭配】
of course not(当然不)、of course I will(我当然会)
【用法示例】
1. —Can you help me carry this box?(你能帮我搬这个箱子吗?)—Of course!(当然可以!)
2. Of course you can use my dictionary; I don't need it now.(你当然可以用我的词典,我现在不用。)
3. —Will you come to my birthday party?(你会来我的生日派对吗?)—Of course I will!(我当然会来!)
48. onto (prep.)向,朝(表“从某物外面到里面/上面”,强调“移动的过程和结果”,区别于“on”(仅表“在上面”))
【用法拓展】
后接名词(如table、floor、bus),描述“从下到上”“从外到内”的移动,常与“jump”“put”“climb”等动词搭配。
【常用搭配】
jump onto the bed(跳到床上)、put onto the table(放到桌子上)、climb onto the tree(爬到树上)
【用法示例】
1. The cat jumped onto the table and ate the fish.(猫跳到桌子上,吃了鱼。)
2. Please put the books onto the shelf; don't leave them on the floor.(请把书放到书架上,别放在地上。)
3. The little boy climbed onto his father's back and laughed happily.(小男孩爬到爸爸背上,开心地笑了。)
49. road (n.)路,道路,公路(指供车辆、行人通行的地面,可指“小路”“公路”,比“street”(街道,多有建筑物)范围广)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“roads”,常与“on”“along”“cross”搭配(on the road、along the road、cross the road),可描述“乡间小路”(country road)或“高速公路”(highway,也属road的范畴)。
【常用搭配】
on the road(在路上)、along the road(沿着路)、cross the road(过马路)
【用法示例】
1. There are many beautiful flowers along the road to the village.(去村子的路上有很多漂亮的花。)
2. You must look left and right before crossing the road.(过马路前你必须左右看。)
3. My uncle drove his car on the road for five hours to visit us.(叔叔开车在路上走了五个小时来看我们。)
50. opposite (prep. & adj.)prep. 与……相对,在……对面;adj. 对面的,相反的
【用法拓展】
prep. 后接名词(如bank、building),表“位置在对面”(opposite the bank);adj. 作定语修饰名词(opposite side、opposite direction)或作表语(be opposite),表“相反的”时,反义词为“same”。
【常用搭配】
(prep.)opposite the park(在公园对面);(adj.)opposite side(对面)、opposite direction(相反方向)
【用法示例】
1. Our school is opposite the park, so we often play there after class.(我们学校在公园对面,所以课后我们常去那儿玩。)(prep.)
2. The bank is on the opposite side of the road; you need to cross the street.(银行在路的对面,你需要过马路。)(adj.)
3. His opinion is opposite to mine; we don't agree on this matter.(他的观点和我的相反,我们在这件事上意见不一致。)(adj.)
51. station (n.)站,所,局;火车站,汽车站(指“服务性机构”或“交通站点”,根据搭配表具体含义)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“stations”,常与“train”(火车站)、“bus”(汽车站)、“police”(警察局)搭配,“在车站”用“at the station”。
【常用搭配】
train station(火车站)、bus station(汽车站)、police station(警察局)
【用法示例】
1. My father will meet me at the train station when I arrive in Beijing.(我到北京时,爸爸会在火车站接我。)
2. The bus station is not far from our flat; we can walk there.(汽车站离我们公寓不远,我们可以走路去。)
3. You can go to the nearest gas station to buy some water.(你可以去最近的加油站买些水。)
52. police station (n. phrase)警察局,派出所(指警察办公、处理案件、接受群众求助的机构)
【用法拓展】
可数名词短语,复数形式为“police stations”,常与“go to”“near”“in front of”搭配,“去警察局报案”用“go to the police station to report a case”。
【常用搭配】
go to the police station(去警察局)、near the police station(在警察局附近)、work at the police station(在警察局工作)
【用法示例】
1. If you lose your wallet, you should go to the police station to report it.(如果你的钱包丢了,应该去警察局报案。)
2. The police station is next to the post office; you can find it easily.(警察局在邮局旁边,你很容易找到。)
3. My uncle works at the police station and helps people every day.(我叔叔在警察局工作,每天帮助别人。)
53. along (prep. & adv.)prep. 沿着,顺着;adv. 向前;一起(prep. 表“沿着某物的方向”,adv. 表“向前移动”或“陪伴”)
【用法拓展】
prep. 后接名词(如road、river),常与“walk”“drive”搭配(walk along the road);adv. 修饰动词(come along、walk along),“come along”表示“一起来”。
【常用搭配】
(prep.)walk along the river(沿着河走);(adv.)come along(一起来)、move along(向前走)
【用法示例】
1. We walked along the street and looked at the shop windows.(我们沿着街走,看商店的橱窗。)(prep.)
2. Can you come along with us to the park this afternoon?(今天下午你能和我们一起去公园吗?)(adv.)
3. The children ran along the path and laughed loudly.(孩子们沿着小路跑,大声笑着。)(prep.)
54. past (prep. & adj. & n.)prep. 在另一边,到另一侧;(时间)过;adj. 过去的,昔日的;n. 过去,昔日
【用法拓展】
prep. 表“位置在对面”(walk past the shop)或“时间过了”(ten past five);adj. 作定语修饰名词(past years、past experience);n. 常与“in the”搭配(in the past),表“过去”。
【常用搭配】
(prep.)walk past(走过)、ten past seven(七点十分);(adj.)past events(过去的事件);(n.)in the past(在过去)
【用法示例】
1. She walked past my house without saying hello this morning.(今天早上她走过我家时没打招呼。)(prep.)
2. In the past, people used letters to keep in touch with each other.(过去,人们用信件互相联系。)(n.)
3. We can learn a lot from our past experiences.(我们能从过去的经历中学到很多。)(adj.)
55. bookshop (n.)书店(指销售书籍、杂志、文具等的商店,也可写作“bookstore”,美式拼写)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“bookshops”,常与“go to”“in”“near”搭配,“在书店买书”用“buy books in the bookshop”。
【常用搭配】
go to the bookshop(去书店)、near the bookshop(在书店附近)、a small bookshop(小书店)
【用法示例】
1. I go to the bookshop every Saturday to buy new storybooks.(我每周六去书店买新的故事书。)
2. There is a quiet bookshop on this street; I like reading there.(这条街上有一家安静的书店,我喜欢在那儿看书。)
3. My mother bought me a dictionary in the bookshop near our school.(妈妈在学校附近的书店给我买了一本词典。)
56. block (n. & v.)n. 大楼,一栋楼房;街区;v. 堵塞(n. 可指“建筑物”或“街区距离”,v. 表“堵住通道、管道”)
【用法拓展】
n. 可数名词(复数blocks),“大楼”常与“office block”(办公楼)搭配,“街区”常与“walk two blocks”(走两个街区)搭配;v. 及物动词,后接名词(block the road、block the pipe)。
【常用搭配】
(n.)office block(办公楼)、two blocks away(两个街区远);(v.)block the way(挡住路)、block the drain(堵塞下水道)
【用法示例】
1. Our school is in a tall block near the park.(我们学校在公园附近的一栋高楼里。)(n.)
2. You need to walk two blocks and then turn right; the post office is there.(你需要走两个街区,然后右转,邮局就在那儿。)(n.)
3. The fallen tree blocked the road, so cars couldn't pass.(倒下的树挡住了路,车过不去。)(v.)
57. row (n.)一排,一列,一行(指人或物品按直线排列的形式)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“rows”,常与“in”“a row of”搭配(in a row、a row of chairs),可描述“座位排”“树木排”等,“连续”用“for...in a row”(如for three days in a row,连续三天)。
【常用搭配】
a row of trees(一排树)、sit in a row(坐成一排)、three in a row(连续三个)
【用法示例】
1. The students sat in a row and listened to the teacher carefully.(学生们坐成一排,认真听老师讲课。)
2. There is a row of beautiful flowers in front of our classroom.(我们教室前面有一排漂亮的花。)
3. It rained for five days in a row, so the ground was very wet.(连续下了五天雨,地面很湿。)
58. shape (n.)形状,外形(指物体或人的外观轮廓、形态)
【用法拓展】
可数名词,复数形式为“shapes”,常与“in the shape of”(呈……形状)、“different shapes”(不同形状)、“change shape”(改变形状)搭配,可描述“几何形状”(如circle、square)或“物体外形”。
【常用搭配】
in the shape of(呈……形状)、different shapes(不同形状)、the shape of a ball(球的形状)
【用法示例】
1. The moon changes its shape every month; sometimes it's round, sometimes it's thin.(月亮每个月都变形状,有时圆,有时细。)
2. She made a cake in the shape of a heart for her mother's birthday.(她给妈妈做了一个心形的生日蛋糕。)
3. The children are drawing pictures of objects with different shapes.(孩子们正在画不同形状的物体。)
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.My soccer ball is ________ the floor (地板), ________ the desk.
A.on, under B.on, on C.under, under D.under, in
2.—Must I finish it today?
—No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.don’t need
3.Annie and Lucy grew up in one family, but they do things ______.
A.easily B.luckily C.importantly D.differently
4.—Which one do you prefer? The red one or the blue one?
—I like _________ of them. Yellow is my favourite.
A.all B.both C.either D.neither
5.It will be ________ in London tomorrow.
A.rain B.snow C.cloud D.windy
6.My sister doesn’t like getting up early. I don’t like, ________.
A.too B.also C.either D.or
7.—_________. Can you tell me how to get to the library, please?
—Sure. Go along the street and then turn left.
A.You are welcome B.Thanks a lot C.Excuse me D.All right
8.—Where are you from?
— _______.
A.I’m zhaxi B.It is ok C.I’m from Lhasa D.It’s fine
9.—Where do you usually have your PE lessons?
—_______. We can have fun there.
A.In the library B.At the school hall C.On the sports field D.In the music room
10.The ________ is a place where we can take a bath and get clean.
A.bedroom B.bathroom C.kitchen D.living room
11.My house is not very big, but it has a nice ________ where we can grow some flowers and vegetables.
A.yard B.roof C.cellar D.attic
12.—Where do you usually have breakfast?
—We usually have breakfast in the ________.
A.balcony B.bathroom C.dining room D.garage
13.There is a big window in the living room, and it makes the room very ________.
A.dark B.bright C.small D.dirty
14.The desk is full of papers. We need to ________ them.
A.organize B.decorate C.destroy D.ignore
15.—Where is my book?
—It’s ________ under the chair.
A.hiding B.hidden C.hides D.hid
16.There are many things on the floor. Let’s ________ them first.
A.pick up B.look for C.put away D.throw away
17.The clothes are on the bed. Please ________ them in the wardrobe.
A.put B.give C.take D.bring
18.—Your room is so messy. You should ________ it up.
—OK, I will.
A.clean B.tidy C.make D.put
19.People in the city usually live in ________.
A.houses B.villages C.apartments D.countryside
20.— ________ is your eraser, Susan?
—It’s in my pencil case.
A.What B.Where C.Who D.How
21.—_________?
—No, it’s on my chair.
A.Is this your pencil B.Where is your English book
C.Is your schoolbag in your desk D.What color is your cap
22.—Tom, is your school big?
—Yes. There ________ six teaching buildings and a gym in my school.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
23.—Let’s play computer games.
—No, that sounds ________.
A.boring B.easily C.interesting D.well
24.—The sweaters in that store are on sale now. Do you want to buy any sweaters?
—________. Let’s go and buy some.
A.Sorry, I don’t B.Of course
C.I don’t know D.Yes, I can
25.—Welcome to our school. Let me show you around. ________
—Thank you so much.
A.This way, please. B.Hurry up. C.All right. D.See you then.
26.— Mom, the music sounds ________ and I like it very much.
— Yeah, my boy, I like it too.
A.well B.bad C.good D.boring
27.—________ is your tape player?
—It is ________ the bed ________ my room.
A.When; in; on B.Where; under; in C.Where; on; under D.When; on; in
28.I like my hometown because of its beautiful ________.
A.apartment B.scenery C.environment D.village
29.The small town is very quiet and the air is very ________.
A.fresh B.crowded C.dirty D.noisy
30.—What’s on the desk?
—There ________ two dictionaries, a schoolbag and a radio.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
二、单词拼写
31.I meet many (friend) people when I travel in the country.
32.She bought a pair of (glove).
33.Such action of care has (true) provided the parents with peace of mind.
34.The balcony is a good place to enjoy the fresh air and the (sun).
35.There are many beautiful (photo) on the wall of the living room.
36.My bedroom is my (person) space, and I like to decorate it myself.
37.The living room is a great place for family (gather).
38.The sofa in the living room is very (comfort) to sit on.
39.The bookshelf is made of (wood), and it is very strong.
40.The wardrobe is full of my mother’s (cloth).
41.The flowers in the vase are very (beauty).
42.The teddy bear on the bed makes the room look very (love).
43.Don’t leave your things (lie) around. Put them away.
44.After (clean), the room looks much better.
45.She is busy (organize) her things in the suitcase.
46.The tall building has many (apartment) for people to live in.
47.The city center is always (crowd) with people and cars.
48.The cinema is a popular place for people to enjoy (entertain).
49.The park is a good place for people to (relax) and have fun.
50.I am (excite) to go swimming.
51.What about (take) a walk?
52.Do you mind (wash) hands here?
53.Please remember (bring) your photos here when you come back.
54. , I had a chance to interview the famous pianist. (luck)
55.I can see lots of (animal) in the zoo. They are very cute.
三、完成句子
56.——你能再拼一遍你的名字吗?我刚才没听清。
——当然可以。P-H-I-L-L-I-P.
—Can you spell your name again? I didn’t hear you just now.
— . P-H-I-L-L-I-P.
57.1班有多少学生?
students in Class One?
58.体育馆在音乐大厅的对面。
The gym is the music hall.
59.我家有一个大客厅,我们经常在那里招待客人。
There is a big in my house, and we often receive guests there.
60.把书按顺序放在书架上。
Put the books on the shelf .
61.是时候整理你的房间了。
It’s time to your room.
62.我们家通常是妈妈做晚饭。
My mother usually in our family.
63.我们上学不能迟到。
We can’t be school.
64.玛丽晚上不想出去。
Mary doesn’t want to at night.
65.我妈妈总是对我很严格。
My mother always me.
66.这件事使老师感到不高兴了。
That the teacher .
67.我们得吃些食物,我们太饿了。
We eat some food. We are too hungry.
68.因为她总是有太多的家务活要做,所以她从不开心。
She never because she has housework to do.
69.我姑姑的房子冬暖夏凉。
My aunt’s house cool in summer and warm .
70.你能告诉我如何到达医院吗?
Can you tell me to the hospital?
参考答案
一、
1.A
【解析】句意:我的足球在地板上,桌子下面。
考查介词辨析。on在……上面;under在……下面;in在……里面。根据“the floor (地板)”可知,足球与地板的位置关系通常是在其上面,所以第一空应填on;再根据语境可知,足球除了在地板上,还应说明其相对于桌子的位置,结合选项可知,足球应在桌子下面,所以第二空应填under。故选A。
2.B
【解析】句意:——我必须今天完成吗?——不,你不必。可以明天做。
考查情态动词用法。can’t不能;needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;don’t need不需要,为实义动词短语,需接宾语。回答“Must I…?”的否定回答用needn’t(表示“不必”)。故选B。
3.D
【解析】句意:安妮和露西在同一个家庭中长大,但她们做事方式不同。
考查副词辨析。easily容易地;luckily幸运地;importantly重要地;differently不同地。“but”表示转折,说明前后情况相反,前面提到两人在一个家庭长大,那么后面应是说做事方面存在差异,“differently”符合语境,强调她们做事方式不一样。故选D。
4.D
【解析】句意:——你更喜欢哪一个?红色的还是蓝色的?——我两个都不喜欢。黄色是我的最爱。
考查代词辨析。all全部,表示三者及以上都;both两者都;either两者中任一;neither两者都不。根据“The red one or the blue one?”及“Yellow is my favourite.”可知,红色和蓝色“我”都不喜欢,应用neither。故选D。
5.D
【解析】句意:明天伦敦将会刮风。
考查形容词作表语。rain雨;snow雪;cloud云;windy刮风的。此处在句中作表语,用形容词。故选D。
6.C
【解析】句意:我妹妹不喜欢早起。我也不喜欢。
考查副词辨析。too也,用于肯定句句末;also也,用于肯定句句中;either也不,用于否定句句末;or或者,否则。根据“I don’t like...”可知,此句是否定句,且在句末,表达“我也不喜欢”。故选C。
7.C
【解析】句意:——打扰一下。你能告诉我去图书馆怎么走吗?——当然可以。沿着这条街走,然后向左拐。
考查情景交际。You are welcome不客气;Thanks a lot多谢;Excuse me打扰一下;All right好的。根据“Can you tell me how to get to the library, please?”可知,此处是请求别人指路,常用礼貌用语“Excuse me”开头,故选C。
8.C
【解析】句意:—— 你来自哪里?——我来自拉萨。
考查情景交际。I’m zhaxi我是扎西;It is ok没关系;I’m from Lhasa我来自拉萨;It’s fine一切都好。根据“Where are you from”可知,此处提问你来自哪里,应该回答地点。故选C。
9.C
【解析】句意:——你通常在哪里上体育课?——在运动场上。我们可以在那里玩得开心。
考查情景交际。In the library在图书馆里;At the school hall在学校礼堂;On the sports field在运动场上;In the music room在音乐室。根据“Where do you usually have your PE lessons?”可知,此处询问体育课的上课地点,所以C项符合。故选C。
10.B
【解析】句意:浴室是我们洗澡、清洁的地方。
考查名词辨析。bedroom卧室;bathroom浴室;kitchen厨房;living room起居室。根据“The …is a place where we can take a bath and get clean.”可知,可以洗澡、清洁的地方是浴室。故选B。
11.A
【解析】句意:我的房子不是很大,但它有一个漂亮的院子,我们可以在那里种一些花和蔬菜。
考查名词辨析。yard院子;roof房顶;cellar地下室;attic阁楼。根据“where we can grow some flowers and vegetables”可知,可以种一些花和蔬菜的地方是院子,故选A。
12.C
【解析】句意:——你通常在哪里吃早餐?——我们通常在餐厅吃早餐。
考查名词辨析。balcony阳台;bathroom浴室;dining room餐厅;garage车库。根据“We usually have breakfast in the...”可知,在餐厅吃早餐。故选C。
13.B
【解析】句意:客厅里有一扇大窗户,它使房间非常明亮。
考查形容词辨析。dark黑暗的;bright明亮的;small小的;dirty脏的。根据“There is a big window in the living room, and it makes the room very...”可知,窗户使得房间明亮。故选B。
14.A
【解析】句意:桌子上满是纸,我们需要对它们进行整理。
考查动词辨析。organize组织;decorate装饰;destory毁灭;ignore忽视。根据“The desk is full of papers.”可知,桌子上满是纸,我们需要“整理”它们。故选A。
15.B
【解析】句意:——我的书在哪里?——它藏在椅子下面。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。hiding隐藏,为hide的动名词或现在分词形式;hidden为hide的过去分词;hides为hide的第三人称单数形式;hid为hide的过去式。根据“It’s…under the chair.”可知,此处指书藏在椅子下面,主语It指代“my book”,与动词hide之间是被动关系,句子应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为“be done”;空前为It’s,空处应用hidden。故选B。
16.B
【解析】句意:地板上有很多东西。让我们先去找它们。
考查动词短语。pick up拿起,代词放中间;look for寻找,动介词组;put away收起,代词放中间;throw away扔掉,代词放中间。根据空后的“them”可知,此处用look for。故选B。
17.A
【解析】句意:衣服在床上。请把它们放进衣橱里。
考查动词辨析。put放;give给;take带走;bring带来。根据“The clothes are on the bed”及“in the wardrobe”可知,此处表示把衣服从床上放到衣橱里,所以应该用put,put sth. in…表示“把某物放进……里”。故选A。
18.B
【解析】句意:——你的房间太乱了。你应该整理一下。——好的,我会的。
考查动词辨析。clean清理;tidy整理;make做;put放。根据“Your room is so messy. You should…it up.”可知,此处指你的房间太乱了,你应该整理一下房间,tidy up“整理”,动词短语。故选B。
19.C
【解析】句意:城里的人通常住在公寓里。
考查名词辨析。houses房子;villages村庄;apartments公寓套房;countryside乡村。根据“People in the city usually live in…”的语境及常识可知,城里的人通常住在公寓里。故选C。
20.B
【解析】句意:——苏珊,你的橡皮在哪儿?——在我的铅笔盒里。
考查疑问词辨析。What什么;Where哪里;Who谁;How怎么样。根据“It’s in my pencil case.”可知应询问地点,用where提问,故选B。
21.C
【解析】句意:——你的书包在课桌里吗?——不,在我的椅子上。
考查情境交际辨析。Is this your pencil这是你的铅笔吗;Where is your English book你的英语书在哪里;Is your schoolbag in your desk你的书包在你的课桌里吗;What color is your cap你的帽子什么颜色。根据“No, it’s on my chair.”可知,问句为一般疑问句且跟物品放置有关。故选C。
22.C
【解析】句意:——汤姆,你的学校大吗?——是的。我的学校有六栋教学楼和一个体育馆。
考查there be句式。there be...表示“有……”,其be动词遵循就近原则,空后最近的名词是复数“buildings”,空处应用be动词are。故选C。
23.A
【解析】句意:——我们来玩电脑游戏吧。——不,听起来很无聊。
考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的;easily容易地;interesting有趣的;well好。“sounds”为系动词,后跟形容词作表语,再根据答语中的“No”可推知对方认为玩电脑游戏很无聊,故选A。
24.B
【解析】句意:——那家商店的毛衣现在正在打折。你想买毛衣吗?——当然,我们去买一些吧。
考查情景交际。sorry, I don’t抱歉,我没有;Of course当然;I don’t konw我不知道;Yes, I can是的我可以。根据答语“Let’s go and buy some”“我们去买一些吧”可知是同意一起去的。故选B。
25.A
【解析】句意:——欢迎来到我们学校。让我带你们参观一下。请走这边。——谢谢。
考查情景交际。This way, please.请走这边;Hurry up.快点;All right.好吧;See you then.再见。根据“Let me show you around.”可知,此处表达的意思是引导别人往哪走,故选A。
26.C
【解析】句意:——妈妈,音乐听起来不错,我很喜欢。——是的,我的孩子,我也喜欢。
考查形容词词义辨析。well健康的;bad坏的;good好的;boring无聊的。根据“I like it very much”可知,此处表示音乐听起来不错。故选C。
27.B
【解析】句意:——你的录音机在哪里?——它在我房间的床底下。
考查特殊疑问句和方位介词辨析。When什么时候(询问时间);Where在哪里(询问地方);in在……里面;under在……下面;on在……上面。根据题干“It is ... the bed ... my room.”可推知,此题考查位置,故排除AD选项;根据“my room”可知,录音机是在房间里面的某个位置,即第三空要用in,排除C选项。故选B。
28.B
【解析】句意:我喜欢我的家乡,因为它的风景很美。
考查名词辨析。apartment公寓套房;scenery风景;environment环境;village村庄。根据“I like my hometown because of its beautiful…”的语境及选项可知,此处指家乡的风景很美。故选B。
29.A
【解析】句意:这个小镇很安静,空气很清新。
考查形容词辨析。fresh清新的;crowded拥挤的;dirty肮脏的;noisy嘈杂的。根据“The small town is very quiet and the air is very…”的语境并结合选项可知,此处说的是小镇的优点,指空气很清新。故选A。
30.C
【解析】句意:——桌子上有什么?——有两本词典、一个书包和一台收音机。
考查主谓一致。there be句型遵循就近原则,空后的“two dictionaries”是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
二、
31.friendly
【解析】句意:我在乡间旅行时遇到了很多友好的人。分析句子结构可知,空处应用所给词的形容词形式,修饰people,friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly。
32.gloves
【解析】句意:她买了一副手套。glove“手套”,a pair of gloves表示“一副手套”,使用名词复数,故填gloves。
33.truly
【解析】句意:这样的关爱行动确实让父母们安心了。此处修饰动词“provided”,要用副词形式,“true”是形容词,其副词形式为“truly”,表示“真正地,确实地”,故填truly。
34.sunshine
【解析】句意:阳台是享受新鲜空气和阳光的好地方。此处在动词后作宾语,用名词sunshine“阳光”,故填sunshine。
35.photos
【解析】句意:客厅的墙上挂着许多美丽的照片。根据“There are many beautiful…(photo) on the wall of the living room.”可知,此处应用名词复数形式photos,表示“照片”。故填photos。
36.personal
【解析】句意:我的卧室是我的私人空间,我喜欢自己装饰它。此处在句中作定语,用形容词personal“私人的”,故填personal。
37.gatherings
【解析】句意:客厅是家庭聚会的好地方。介词for后接名词或动名词,gather需转变为名词形式gathering,此处表示复数含义,使用名词复数形式gatherings。故填gatherings。
38.comfortable
【解析】句意:客厅里的沙发坐起来很舒服。作be动词的表语用形容词comfortable“舒服的”。故填comfortable。
39.wood
【解析】句意:这个书架是木头做的,很结实。wood“木头”,不可数名词,作宾语。故填wood。
40.clothes
【解析】句意:衣橱里装满了我妈妈的衣服。根据“The wardrobe is full of my mother’s”可知,装满衣橱的应该是衣服,clothes意为“衣服”,符合题意。故填clothes。
41.beautiful
【解析】句意:花瓶里的花很漂亮。结合空前“are very”和提示词可知,此处是指花很漂亮,应用名词beauty的形容词形式beautiful“漂亮的”,在句中作表语。故填beautiful。
42.lovely
【解析】句意:床上的泰迪熊让房间看起来很可爱。作look的表语用形容词lovely“可爱的”。故填lovely。
43.lying
【解析】句意:不要把你的东西到处乱放。把它们收起来。leave sth. doing意为“让某物处于某种状态”,固定用法,lie的现在分词形式为lying,意为“处于放置的状态”。故填lying。
44.cleaning
【解析】句意:打扫之后,房间看起来好多了。after是介词,其后跟动名词,clean的动名词形式为cleaning。故填cleaning。
45.organizing
【解析】句意:她正忙着整理行李箱里的东西。根据“She is busy…her things in the suitcase.”可知,be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”,固定搭配,此处应用organizing。故填organizing。
46.apartments
【解析】句意:这座高楼有许多公寓供人们居住。根据空前的“many”可知,此处用复数形式。故填apartments。
47.crowded
【解析】句意:市中心总是挤满了人和车。be crowded with“满是”,固定词组。故填crowded。
48.entertainment
【解析】句意:电影院是人们享受娱乐的一个受欢迎的场所。分析句子结构可知,此处用名词形式,作宾语,entertainment“娱乐”,此时为不可数名词。故填entertainment。
49.relax
【解析】句意:公园是一个人们放松和休闲的好地方。此空位于“to”后面,动词relax“放松”用原形即可,和to构成动词不定式,作后置定语。故填relax。
50.excited
【解析】句意:去游泳我很兴奋。be动词am后面应接形容词作表语,excite的形容词形式有exciting和excited两种,excited形容人物感受,表示“感到兴奋的”,exciting形容事物特征,表示“令人兴奋的”。本句是修饰人物的感受。故填excited。
51.taking
【解析】句意:去散步怎么样?介词about后加动名词。故填taking。
52.washing
【解析】句意:你介意在这里洗手吗?mind doing sth.“介意做某事”,动名词作宾语。故填washing。
53.to bring
【解析】句意:回来时请记得把照片带到这里。根据“when you come back”可知,把照片带到这里的动作未发生,remember to do sth.“记得做某事”,固定词组。故填to bring。
54.Luckily
【解析】句意:幸运的是,我有机会采访这位著名的钢琴家。根据“I had a chance to interview the famous pianist.”及提示词可知,此处应用副词形式作状语,修饰整个句子,luckily表示“幸运地”,符合语境,位于句首首字母大写。故填Luckily。
55.animals
【解析】句意:我在动物园里能看到很多动物。它们很可爱。lots of“许多,大量”后要跟可数名词animal“动物”的复数形式animals作宾语。故填animals。
三、
56. Of course
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“当然可以”,常用表达为“of course”,用于回应请求时,表示同意、乐意,符合语境,句首单词首字母大写,故填Of;course 。
57. How many are there
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“多少”和“有”;句中“students”为名词复数形式,应用how many“多少”提问数量,句首单词,首字母要大写;根据“in Class One”可知,此处应用there be句型,表示“某地有某物/人”,不用have/has,因have/has表示“所属关系”,而此处表示“地点存在学生”;“students”是复数,be应用are;疑问句语序中,应将“are”提到“there”之前,构成“How many students are there...?”故填How;many;are;there。
58. opposite to
【解析】be opposite to“在……的对面”,符合语境。故填opposite;to。
59. living room
【解析】living room“客厅”,a修饰可数名词单数,故选living;room。
60. in order
【解析】按顺序:in order,介词短语。故填in;order。
61. tidy up
【解析】分析句子可知,空处需要翻译的是“整理”,tidy up意为“整理”,动词短语;It’s time to do sth.意为“到做……的时候了”,固定句式。故填tidy;up。
62. makes/cooks dinner
【解析】做晚饭:make/cook dinner;根据语境可知时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故谓语使用三单形式。故填makes/cooks;dinner。
63. late for
【解析】迟到be late for...,固定短语。故填late;for。
64. go out
【解析】空处对应考查“出去”的英文,“go out”可以表示“出去”,want to do sth表示“想要做某事”,此空应填动词原形。故填go;out。
65. is strict with
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,be strict with sb.“对某人严格”,固定短语;根据“always”可知,此句时态为一般现在时,主语为“My mother”,be动词应用is。故填is;strict;with。
66. makes feel unhappy
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,make sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”,句子是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式;feel“感到”,动词;unhappy“不开心的”。故填makes;feel;unhappy。
67. have to
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,have to do sth.“不得不做某事”,固定搭配;根据“We are too hungry.”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,We作主语,谓语动词应用动词原形。故填have;to。
68. has any fun too much
【解析】根据“She never…because she has…housework to do.”可知,此句为主从复合句,时态为一般现在时;have fun“玩得开心”,动词短语,have some fun“玩得很开心”,主句为否定句,应将some变成any;主句中,She作主语,谓语动词应用动词的第三人称单数形式,have的三单形式为has;too much“太多”,其后接不可数名词。故填has;any;fun;too;much。
69. is in winter
【解析】对比所给中英文可知,设空处为“是”以及“在冬天”;be“是”,时态为一般现在时,主语为“My aunt’s house”,用is;in winter“在冬天”。故填is;in;winter。
70. how to get
【解析】对照中英文,该句考查“疑问词+to do”结构,表示“如何做某事”,get to“到达”,因此填how to get。故填how;to;get。
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