专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，吉林专用）八年级英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解—说明文 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Winter comes after autumn and before spring. It brings snow and ice. Here are different ways to know it’s winter. ②The days are short and the nights are long. The winter solstice (冬至) is the start of the coldest days in winter, and it is the shortest day of the year! ③The sun isn’t warm in winter. In cold places, there is lots of snow in winter. People and animals there don’t like to go outside. ④In winter, when you look outside, you’ll see a lot of brown things, not the green ones. There are no leaves on most of the trees. ⑤Some animals hibernate. They sleep in winter. But others keep food in autumn to eat in winter because it is difficult to find food. Many birds fly from the north to warm places for the winter. They will come back when spring comes. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does the word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 2．Which of the following can tell us that it’s winter? A．The days are long and the nights are warm. B．The sun is warm. C．Many birds fly from the north to warm places. D．Some animals start to keep food. 3．What does the word “hibernate” mean in Chinese? A．冬眠 B．备粮 C．捕食 D．迁徙 4．What is the structure (结构) of the text? (①=Paragraph 1            ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．What Can People Do in Winter? B．What Do Animals Do in Winter? C．How Do We Know It’s Winter? D．How Is the Weather in Winter? 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何判断现在是冬天。 1．词义猜测题。根据第一段“Winter comes after autumn and before spring. It brings snow and ice.”可知，冬天在秋天之后，春天之前，它带来了冰雪。由此可知，It指代“冬天”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“Many birds fly from the north to warm places for the winter.”可知，北方的鸟类向温暖的地方迁徙是判定冬天到来的一个明显特征。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据第五段“Some animals hibernate. They sleep in winter.”可知，有些动物在冬天睡觉，由此猜测，hibernate意为“冬眠”。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出主题——介绍冬天；第二至五段分别从白昼时长、气温、动植物变化等方面进行展开说明。故选B。 5．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何判断现在是冬天。因此，选项C“我们怎么知道现在是冬天？”是最佳标题。故选C。 Passage2 （23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期中）Phones are more important than ever in the students’ daily life, but how they use them has changed greatly in the past six years. London University teachers surveyed 1055 young people aged 13 to 18 about their mobile phone habits. Students use mobile phones mainly for two reasons: “communication” or “entertainment”. Communication means talking on the phone and writing messages using texting (短信) or chatting software (聊天软件) like QQ or WeChat. Entertainment includes (包括), watching movies, listening to music and surfing the Internet. The findings are different from the study of 2016.The results are shown below： Six years ago, students spent around 30% of their mobile phone time making or answering calls. In 2022, only 10% of time was used for talking. When students use their phone to communicate, they’d like to use QQ or WeChat. “Communication is still an important use of mobile phones. But now students are using mobile phones more for entertainment than for communication,” said Dr. Harry Lectre, the research leader. 根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。 1．The survey is about ________of the students. A．daily life B．great changes C．mobile phone habits D．communication and entertainment 2．What is the least popular mobile phone activity in 2022? ________ A．Talking. B．Texting. C．Chatting. D．Playing games. 3．What percentage of time did students use their mobile phones for playing games in 2016? ________　 A．16%. B．27%. C．11%. D．9%. 4．Which mobile phone activities were more popular than surfing the Internet in 2022? ________ A．Talking and playing games. B．Playing games and watching movies. C．Chatting and watching movies. D．Chatting and listening to music. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ________ A．Entertainment includes playing games and chatting on QQ or WeChat. B．The most popular kind of mobile phone entertainment in 2016 is texting. C．Students spent only 10% of their mobile phone time making or answering calls in 2016. D．Students now use mobile phones for entertainment more than for communication. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要讨论了使用手机的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“London University teachers surveyed 1055 young people aged 13 to 18 about their mobile phone habits.”可知，这项调查是关于年轻人手机使用习惯的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据图表可知，2022年最不受欢迎的手机活动是texting“发短信”，只有9%的使用时间用于发短信。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Communication means talking on the phone and writing messages using texting (短信) or chatting software (聊天软件) like QQ or WeChat.”及图表可知，2016年学生使用手机玩游戏的比例是16%。故选A。 4． 细节理解题。根据图表可知，2022年，网上冲浪占13%，学生听音乐占14%，聊天占16%，看电影占11%，发信息占9%，玩游戏占27%，故在2022年听音乐和聊天比网上冲浪更受欢迎。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“But now students are using mobile phones more for entertainment than for communication”可知，现在的学生们使用手机更多的是为了娱乐而不是交流。故选D。 Passage3 （22-23八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）The Earth is our home. But people do something to pollute it. Lots of people burn things to make energy. They burn wood to keep warm. This pollutes the air. The air is very dirty now. People make a lot of rubbish every day. They throw it away on the ground. This pollutes the land. Many plants die because of the land pollution. People also put the waste into the rivers and sea. This pollutes the water. The water becomes very dirty. Lots of fish die because of the water pollution. We must ask people not to pollute the Earth. We must stop polluting the air, land and water. We must plant more trees and flowers. We live on the Earth. We must make the Earth clean and beautiful. 1．How do people pollute the land? A．They burn things. B．They plant trees. C．They put the waste into the water. D．They throw away the rubbish on the ground. 2．Why do the fish die according to the passage? A．Because people pollute the air. B．Because people pollute the land. C．Because people pollute the water. D．Because people like them. 3．How many kinds of pollution are mentioned (提到)in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 4．What can we do to protect the Earth? A．We stop polluting the Earth. B．We plant more trees and flowers. C．We can’t put the waste into the river. D．A, B and C． 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人类的一些活动造成空气污染、土地污染、水污染等，呼吁人们要保护地球。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第一段“People make a lot of rubbish every day. They throw it away on the ground. This pollutes the land.”可知人们把垃圾扔在地上会造成土地污染。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“People also put the waste into the rivers and sea. This pollutes the water. The water becomes very dirty. Lots of fish die because of the water pollution.”可知人们把废水排入到河里和海洋里，污染了水，导致许多鱼死于水污染。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文中第一段“This pollutes the air.”，“This pollutes the land.”和第二段“This pollutes the water.”可知文中提到了空气污染、土地污染、水污染，三种污染。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“We must ask people not to pollute the Earth. We must stop polluting the air, land and water. We must plant more trees and flowers.”可知这篇文章呼吁我们要停止污染地球，停止污染空气、土地和水，同时我们要多种植一些植被来保护地球。故选D。 Passage4 （23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期中）Do you think breakfast important? Last week, several students from Xingfu Middle School made a survey among 500 people on the streets. The diagrams below show the results. It is good to see 65 percent of the people eat breakfast every day. However, some people seldom eat breakfast or don’t eat breakfast at all. People who don’t eat breakfast have different reasons. Most are too busy to have breakfast. 6 percent have no appetite (胃口). And a very small number of people think that eating breakfast is a trouble. They would rather sleep a little longer or relax than rise early to make breakfast. 16 percent don’t care. They have no reason for not eating breakfast. Studies show that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It enables us to study and work better, giving us a fresh start. It is believed that the best time for breakfast is between 7 a.m. and 8 a.m. There should be an interval (间隔) of 4 to 5 hours between breakfast and lunch. Before breakfast, we’d better drink some water. As you can know, our body loses much water after a whole night. 根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。 1．The survey is mainly about ________. A．eating breakfast B．keeping happy C．working better D．sleeping well 2．According to Diagram I, ________ of the people often eat breakfast. A．65% B．18% C．14% D．3% 3．According to Diagram Ⅱ, 74% of the people don’t eat breakfast because ________. A．they are too busy B．they don’t feel like eating C．they want to be thin D．they think it a trouble 4．________ according to the passage. A．Only a small number of people always eat breakfast B．Each person has his own reason for not eating breakfast C．Eating breakfast helps people to work and study better D．Drinking water before breakfast is not necessary at all 5．From the passage, we can know ________. A．people eat breakfast because they love getting up early B．lunch is more important than breakfast for good health C．most people believe that sleeping longer is better for health D．there should be at least 4 hours between breakfast and lunch 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了幸福中学的几名学生对500人进行的早餐习惯调查结果。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you think breakfast important? Last week, several students from Xingfu Middle School made a survey among 500 people on the streets. The diagrams below show the results.”可知关于吃早餐重要吗，幸福中学的几名学生在街上的500人中做了一项调查。即调查主要是关于吃早餐的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is good to see 65 percent of the people eat breakfast every day.”可知65%人经常吃早餐。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据图表Ⅱ，74%的人不吃早餐是因为他们没时间，即太忙了。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“People who don’t eat breakfast have different reasons.”可知不吃早餐的人有不同的原因。即每个人都有自己不吃早餐的理由。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“There should be an interval (间隔) of 4 to 5 hours between breakfast and lunch.”可知早餐和午餐之间应该间隔4到5个小时。即至少应该有4个小时。故选D。 主题02 人与自我——人物故事介绍 Passage1 （24-25八年级上·吉林四平·期中）①Goreme is a beautiful town in Turkey. Here are some of the cool things visitors can do in Goreme. ·Stay in a cave (山洞) hotel ②Staying in a cave hotel is a special experience (经历) in Goreme. It makes you learn how people lived in stone caves hundreds of years ago in this area. ·Take a hot air balloon (热气球) trip ③Over 20 years ago, people in Goreme began to fly the first hot air balloon in the sky of this little town. Now, there are over 100 balloons flying every day early in the morning. It is the best way to enjoy the beauty of Goreme. ·Visit the open-air museum ④The open-air museum is about fifteen minutes’ walk away from the center of Goreme. This place is the first stop on anyone’s journey to Goreme. ·See the magical rock shapes ⑤These unusual rock shapes are the most beautiful parts in Coreme. They are made by the strong winds and heavy rains. Their shapes look like different kinds of animals. ⑥If you want to have a cool journey to Turkey, the magical Goreme can be a wonderful place. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What is a special experience in Goreme? A．Visit the open-air museum. B．See the magical rock shapes. C．Stay in a cave hotel. D．Take a hot air balloon trip. 2．What are those unusual rock shapes made by? A．By animals. B．By the strong winds. C．By the heavy rains. D．Both B and C． 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Goreme is a beautiful town in England. B．Staying in a cave hotel is the best way to enjoy the beauty of Goreme. C．Taking a hot air balloon trip can make you learn how people lived in stone caves. D．These unusual rock shapes are the most beautiful parts in Coreme. 4．Where may this passage come from? A．A diary. B．A travel guide. C．A history book. D．A food magazine. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③/④⑤⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④⑤③ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是介绍在土耳其一个美丽的小镇——格雷梅一些游客可以做的很酷的事情。 1．细节理解题。根据“Staying in a cave hotel is a special experience (经历) in Goreme.”可知，住洞穴旅馆是一种特殊的体验。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“These unusual rock shapes are the most beautiful parts in Coreme. They are made by the strong winds and heavy rains.”可知，它们是由强风和暴雨造成的。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“These unusual rock shapes are the most beautiful parts in Coreme.”可知，这些不寻常的岩石形状是格雷梅最美丽的部分。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是介绍在土耳其一个美丽的小镇——格雷梅，一些游客可以做的很酷的事情。因此本文可能出自于一本旅游指南。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了土耳其美丽的小镇戈雷姆这个地方；第二、三、四、五段介绍了游客可以在戈雷姆做的事情；最后一段总结全文。因为文章的结构是总分总。故选B。 Passage2 （23-24八年级上·吉林四平·期中）Wu Yibing is a great Chinese tennis player. He was born on October 14th, 1999, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. In February, 2023, Wu became the first Chinese tennis player in history to win an ATP Tour title（巡回赛冠军）. After the race he said, “I feel happy. It’s not just about winning the title but it’s more about me making the history of my country. And I want to thank my coach Azcurra. We see each other every day and he gives me advice（建议）. It’s great to work with him and my whole team.” Wu’s favorite star is an NBA basketball player named Kevin Durant. He was born on September 29th, 1988. Wu says, “Durant is really cool when he plays basketball. I want to be like him.” In his free time, Wu loves listening to music and cooking. He watches cooking shows on TV every day. He says, “I love cooking different foods. Every time I cook, I am very happy.” 1．When is Wu’s birthday? A．On September 14th. B．On September 29th. C．On October 14th. D．On October 29th. 2．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Azcurra has helped Wu a lot. B．It’s difficult for players to win an ATP title. C．Wu is the second to win an ATP title in China. D．Wu feels very happy to work with his coach and team. 3．Which ball game does Wu’s favorite star play best? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A．Why Wu likes listening to music. B．Why Wu watches TV every day. C．What kind of food Wu can cook. D．What Wu likes doing in his free time. 5．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To ask us to eat well. B．To ask us to play ball games. C．To tell us about a tennis player. D．To tell us how to make history. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了网球运动员吴易斌。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was born on October 14th, 1999, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.”可知，吴易斌出生于1999年10月14日的浙江杭州，因此吴易斌的生日是10月14日。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In February, 2023, Wu became the first Chinese tennis player in history to win an ATP Tour title（巡回赛冠军）.”可知，在2023年2月，吴易斌成为中国历史上第一个赢得ATP巡回赛冠军的网球选手。选项C“吴易斌是中国第二个赢得ATP巡回赛冠军的网球选手”不符合原文。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wu’s favorite star is an NBA basketball player named Kevin Durant.”可知，吴易斌最喜欢的明星是一位名叫凯文·杜兰特的NBA篮球运动员，因此吴易斌最喜欢的明星打篮球应是最棒的。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了吴易斌在空闲时间听音乐和做饭的爱好，选项D“吴易斌在空闲时间喜欢做什么”可归纳本段主要内容。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了网球运动员吴易斌，因此可推知作者写本篇文章的原因是向我们介绍网球运动员。故选C。 Passage3 （23-24八年级上·吉林松原·期中）Life is full of good and bad things. And what you think really has something to do with it. Life goes on the way your mind decides it. Now I’ll tell you some things I tried to do. They really helped make my life different. I stopped being angry with other people’s rude behaviors (粗鲁的行为). Now I try to know more about other people’s mind or past life. This helps me know others better. I started to smile at others. You never know how much you may influence (影响) people with it. To some people, you may be the only one smiling at them in a day. And I find that I feel happier than before. What’s more (而且), I make more good friends. I started listening to people around me. I give my full attention (注意) when they want to say something good to me. But of course I won’t do everything they want me to do. I’ll think about what they say and I love to do what I enjoy more! Just try making some changes (改变). A small change can make a bigger difference in your life! 1．What can decide people’s life according to the passage? A．The body. B．Money. C．Mind. D．Habits. 2．What did the writer do when he saw others do something rude in the past? A．He shouted at them loudly. B．He asked why they did like that. C．He didn’t feel happy because of it. D．He found out what their past life was like. 3．The underlined word “it” refers to (指的是) ________ in the passage． A．a friend B．a smile C．a day D．a story 4．According to the passage, we can know that the writer ________. A．doesn’t decide things by himself B．has few friends around him C．doesn’t listen to other people D．does what he likes to do 5．What can be the best title of the passage? A．Make Changes in Your Life B．Know Others Well C．Start a Day with a Smile D．Enjoy Your Life 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要是作者通过自身的经历来告诉大家，要尝试做出一些改变，这些可以为生活带来很大的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Life goes on the way your mind decides it.”可知，生活进行的方向是由你的思想决定的，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“I stopped being angry with other people’s rude behaviors (粗鲁的行为).”可知，过去，当作者看到别人做一些粗鲁的事情时，他会因此生气或不高兴，故选C。 3．代词指代题。根据“I started to smile at others. You never know how much you may influence (影响) people with it.”可知，我开始对别人微笑。你永远不知道它有多影响别人。此处it代指a smile，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“But of course I won’t do everything they want me to do. I’ll think about what they say and I love to do what I enjoy more!”可知，作者做他喜欢做的事情，故选D。 5．标题归纳题。根据“Just try making some changes (改变). A small change can make a bigger difference in your life!”可知，本文主要是讲为你的生活做一些改变，故选A。 主题03 其他 Passage1 （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期中）① How do you spend your free time? Playing sports or seeing moves? Do you want to live a different after-school life? How about mixing into elements of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产元素). Here are four examples. ②Ki Chenxi, an 11- year-old girl, is at No. 2 Primary School in Yinchuan. Her school brings traditional (传统的) Chinese culture into the after-school activities. Li is interested in tie-dye (扎染). She can make toys and clothes after learning for more than a year, “In the past, I had too much homework to do. But now I can do what I want to do in my free time. I enjoy it.” she said. ③ It is on Saturday afternoon. A group of children of all ages are following Zhu Wei in Zimbabwe (津巴布韦). Zhu, a traditional Chinese medicine doctor, teaches them tai chi. These children like ai chi. They think tai chi helps them keep healthy and study better. ④ When Antoine, an international student from Rwanda (卢旺达), first watched the dragon dance, he was surprised and could not wait to join in it. In 2015, Antoine built the first international student dragon dance team in his school. Now the team has about 100 students from different countries. ⑤Chloe from Canada is a paper-cutting lover. Every Sunday, she learns paper-cutting from Mrs Smith. The girl can easily cut butterflies, horses, flowers and so on. Last weekend, Chloe made a paper-cutting work of Binbin and Nini. She felt excited to see it shown on the school wall. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does Li Chenxi use tie-dye to make? A．Toys and clothes. B．Fruit salad. C．Paper cutting. D．Animals and flowers. 2．Why do children in Zimbabwe keep practicing tai chi? ① To make friends.    ② To learn Chinese.    ③ To keep healthy.     ④ To study better. A．①② B．①④ C．③④ D．②③ 3．When did Antoine build the first international student dragon dance team? A．In the past. B．In 2015. C．On Sunday. D．Last weekend. 4．How often doe Chloe learn paper-cutting from Mrs Smith? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a month. 5．Which structure (结构) of the following is RIGHT from the passage? A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了青少年通过参与非物质文化遗产活动来丰富课外生活的例子，包括扎染、太极、舞龙和剪纸活动，让学生可以在课余时间培养兴趣和技能，享受传统文化带来的乐趣。 1．细节理解题。根据“Li is interested in tie-dye… She can make toys and clothes”可知，李辰玺用扎染制作玩具和衣服。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“These children like tai chi. They think tai chi helps them keep healthy and study better”可知，津巴布韦的孩子们练习太极是为了保持健康和更好地学习。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 2015, Antoine built the first international student dragon dance team”可知，Antoine是在2015年建立的第一个国际学生龙舞队。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Every Sunday, she learns paper-cutting from Mrs Smith”可知，Chloe 每周日向Mrs Smith学习剪纸，即每周一次。故选A。 5．篇章结构题。文章第一段引入话题介绍整体，然后二至五段分别介绍四个不同的例子。结构符合选项D所示。故选D。 Passage2 （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Everyone has his or her dream. What’s your dream? Do you know how to make your dream come true? If your answer is “no”, here are some ideas for you. ②First, know about your dream. The first thing you need to do is to know what your dream is. Your dream must have to do with (与···有关) your hobby (爱好). If your hobby is swimming, your dream must be to be a great swimmer. If you find a job that you are interested in, you will be happier than others. ③Second, make a good plan. Nobody will succeed (成功) if he or she doesn't have a good plan. You should make your own plan carefully. For example, you can write down every step of your plan. You can also write down the details (细节) of every step. ④Third, take action (采取行动) now. Now you know about your dream and have your plan. It’s time to take action now. Don’t be lazy. Do it now. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What’s the first thing you need to do? A．To know what your dream is. B．To know why you love jobs. C．To know what your parents want you to do. D．To know how many hobbies you have. 2．Why does the writer mention (提到) “swimming” in the second paragraph? A．To show your dream must have to do with your hobby. B．To show the writer's favorite sport is swimming. C．To show lots of children want to be swimmers. D．To show swimming is the best job in the world. 3．What does the underlined word “step” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．计划 B．结果 C．步骤 D．原因 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What's the best title (标题) of the passage? A．How to take action now? B．How to get to know your dream? C．How to make a good plan? D．How to make your dream come true? 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文围绕着如何实现自己的梦想，给出了三条具体的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“The first thing you need to do is to know what your dream is.”可知，需要做的第一件事就是明确你的梦想是什么。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“If your hobby is swimming, your dream must be to be a great swimmer.”可知，作者提到游泳是为了说明梦想一定和你的爱好有关。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据该词前“write down”和词后“plan”可知应是写下计划中的每个步骤，所以“step”意为“步骤”。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文是总分的结构，第一段是总，第二段到第四段就如何实现梦想给出了三条具体的建议。故选B。 5．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是如何实现自己的梦想。结合选项，D项“How to make your dream come true?”符合文意。故选D。 Passage3 （24-25八年级上·广东揭阳·期中）Without(没有) changes(改变), our lives would be very boring. It would be like listening to the same song on your MP3 player over and over again. Some people don’t like changes. They want to do the same things and see the same people every day. When something changes, it makes them feel uncomfortable. It is like some children, and they can’t go to sleep unless(除非) all their toys are in their places. But the change is a big part of life and we all change in small ways every day. The young get stronger and the old get weaker. We meet new friends or get new hobbies. You will go through many changes in your lifetime. In America, some people change jobs ten times during their lives. Some change their homes eleven times. They like changing because they think it improves their lives. China has seen many changes in recent years and they are living longer. People have more money, more food and they have a better education. Children are growing taller and the children in Shanghai are now the tallest in China. Changes have been good for China and they will be good for you. 1．The writer thinks that without changes our lives would ________. A．not be boring B．not be interesting C．be more comfortable D．be much healthier 2．People who don’t like changes want to ________. A．change in small ways every day B．buy many toys for their children every day C．meet new friends or get new hobbies all the time D．do the same things and see the same people every day 3．Americans like changes because they think ________. A．these changes improve their lives B．they can’t do the same things every day C．they can meet many new friends D．they can often get new hobbies 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．People are less healthy and they are living a shorter life in China. B．The children in Shanghai are now the tallest in the world. C．Many good changes have taken place in recent years in China. D．People have less money, but they have a better education in China. 5．What does the passage tell us? A．What changes are. B．How to change. C．Changes are good. D．How to live better. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了变化的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Without changes, our lives would be very boring. ”可知，如果没有变化，我们的生活将会变得很无聊，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“They want to do the same things and see the same people every day.”可知，他们每天都想做同样的事情，看到同样的人。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“They like changing because they think it improves their lives.”可知，他们喜欢改变，因为他们认为这会改善他们的生活。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“China has seen many changes in recent years ”可知，近年来，中国发生了许多变化，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了变化的好处。故选C。 Passage4 （23-24八年级上·吉林四平·期中）There are some different clubs in Mark's school. In the same club, all the members have different ideas about what they should be like. Sally: We must like the same things, and then we can enjoy ourselves. Also, we can play well and happily together. For example, we can play basketball very well in the game. Tina: For me, it’s necessary to be hard-working in the club. In our club, if we use the Internet well, we can spend much time talking about many things. Peter: In our club, we usually have a talk about books. We can talk about our favorite books, such as history books, picture books and so on. So I think it’s very important for us to be outgoing. Then we can have a happy talk with each other on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons. We can also have other activities on Friday afternoon. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “members” mean in Chinese? ________ A．演员 B．专家 C．成员 D．指导员 2．What club is Sally in according to Paragraph 2? ________ A．A singing club. B．A basketball club. C．A reading club. D．A dancing club. 3．What does Tina need to have in her club? ________ A．A ruler. B．A magazine. C．A mirror. D．A computer. 4．How often does Peter have his activities in the club? ________ A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week. 5．Where does this passage come from? ________ A．A school newspaper. B．A science magazine. C．A sports book. D．A music book. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要描述了马克学校里的不同俱乐部以及俱乐部成员对俱乐部应该如何的不同看法。 1．词义猜测题。根据“In the same club,”结合下文中Sally，Tina，Peter阐述了他们对俱乐部的不同看法可知，他们应该是俱乐部的“成员”，members应是指“成员”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, we can play basketball very well in the game.”可知，Sally应是在一个篮球俱乐部里。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“In our club, if we use the Internet well, we can spend much time talking about many things.”可知，Tina需要使用互联网，因而可推断Tina在她的俱乐部需要电脑。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Then we can have a happy talk with each other on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons. We can also have other activities on Friday afternoon.”可知，Peter的俱乐部会在星期二、星期四和星期五下午有活动，因而可推测Peter的俱乐部一周有三次活动。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“There are some different clubs in Mark’s school.”结合全文可知，本文主要描述了马克学校里的不同俱乐部以及俱乐部成员对俱乐部应该如何的不同看法，因而可推断这篇文章最可能来自学校的报纸。故选A。 Passage5 （23-24八年级上·吉林松原·期中）There are many different places to eat in Switzerland (瑞士). There are some fast-food restaurants, self-service restaurants and family restaurants. There are also some nice and expensive restaurants. Choosing where to eat is an “experience”. Food is more expensive in Switzerland than that in most of other countries in Europe (欧洲). It is much more expensive than that in the USA．In Switzerland if you go to a fast-food restaurant, you may easily spend up to 10 CHF (瑞士法郎) for a hamburger, a soft drink and a cup of coffee. In a family restaurant, a meal usually costs you between 15 CHF and 50 CHF. Self-service restaurants are less expensive. At a nice restaurant, one person can pay as much as 1,000 CHF just for a bottle of wine. In Switzerland a usual dinner always has all kinds of noodles, vegetables, meat, fish and seafood. Potatoes are used in many different ways. Vegetarian meals (素食饭菜) are also popular now. This means that salads are very popular. The most important part of a dinner is the dessert. Cheese, cakes and cookies are the most popular desserts. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “self-service” mean in Chinese? A．服务 B．自助 C．优质服务 D．售货 2．How is the food in Switzerland according to the second paragraph? A．It tastes very terrible. B．It is much cheaper than most of other countries in Europe. C．It is almost the most expensive in Europe. D．It has the most kinds of food in Europe. 3．Which is the most expensive restaurant in Switzerland? A．A fast-food restaurant. B．A family restaurant. C．A self-service restaurant. D．A nice restaurant. 4．What is the most important part of a Switzerland dinner? A．The salad. B．Vegetables. C．The meat. D．The dessert. 5．What does the passage talk about? A．Something about eating in Switzerland. B．Food is more expensive in Switzerland. C．Vegetarian meals are popular in Switzerland. D．Good restaurants in Switzerland. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要是介绍瑞士的餐饮。 1．词句猜测题。根据“There are some fast-food restaurants, self-service restaurants and family restaurants.”可知，有一些快餐店、自助餐厅和家庭餐厅，可推测self-service意为“自助”，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Food is more expensive in Switzerland than that in most of other countries in Europe.”可知，瑞士的食物比欧洲其他大多数国家的食物都贵，说明瑞士的食物在欧洲几乎最贵，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“In Switzerland if you go to fast-food restaurant, you may easily spend up to 10 CHF … At a nice restaurant, one person can pay as much as 1,000 CHF just for a bottle of wine.”可知，在一家好的餐厅，一瓶红酒要付1,000瑞士法郎，比其他餐厅的全部餐费都要贵，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“The most important part of a dinner is the dessert.”可知，瑞士晚餐最重要的部分是甜品，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“There are many different places to eat in Switzerland.”以及下文介绍可知，本文主要是讨论瑞士的饮食，故选A。 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期中）American boys and girls love to watch TV. Some children spend six hours a day in school and four to six a day in front of the TV set. Some even watch TV for eight hours or more on Saturday. TVs are like books or films. A child can learn bad things and good things from them. Some programs help children to understand the news; others show people and places from other countries or other time in history. With TV, a child does not have to go to the zoo to see animals, or to the sea to see a ship. Boys and girls can see a play, a concert (音乐会) or a game at home. TV brings many places and things into our homes. Some programs show crimes and other things that are bad for children, so parents sometimes help them to find other interesting things to do. 1．Some children spend eight hours or more ________ on Saturday. A．studying B．playing games C．watching TV D．helping their parents 2．On TV, children can see ________. A．games B．big animals C．oceans D．almost everything 3．Children usually spend ________ a day in school. A．six hours B．more than eight hours C．only a few hours D．four hours 4．“TV brings many places and things into our homes.” means ________. A．TV makes things happen in homes B．we can know many places and things without (不) going to see them C．we can see houses and buildings on TV D．we can find them easily 5．Parents sometimes help their children find other things to do when there is ________ for children. A．a bad program B．an animal C．a game D．an uninteresting film 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是美国的孩子们喜欢看电视，他们可以从电视上学很多东西，但同时电视也给他们带来一些不好的东西。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some even watch TV for eight hours or more on Saturday.”可知，有些孩子在星期六花8个小时或更多的时间看电视。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“A child can learn bad things and good things from them.”可知，孩子们从电视上能学到好的东西也能学到不好的东西，因此孩子们几乎能在电视上看到所有的东西。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some children spend six hours a day in school”可知，孩子们通常每天在学校待六个小时。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“TV brings many places and events into our homes.”可知，电视把许多地方和事件带进我们的家中，因此表示我们不用亲自去看就能知道地点和事件，故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段“Some programs show crime and other things that are bad for children, so parents sometimes help them to find other interesting things to do.”可知，一些节目展示犯罪和其他对孩子有害的内容时，父母有时会帮助他们找到其他有趣的事情做。故选A。 Passage2 （24-25八年级上·广东揭阳·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello.” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Going to a park, beach, club, party or any other place can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．You should start being outgoing with ________. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your best friends D．your new friends 2．When you start a talk with a stranger, you can say “________”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．The easiest way to be outgoing is ________. A．talking B．smiling C．playing D．going out 4．Making new friends can make us ________. A．more outgoing B．healthier C．more athletic D．wilder 5．Which is NOT the writer’s view? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our lives. C．Being outgoing helps us have more fun. D．Being outgoing with strangers isn’t easy. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．A 【分析】本文是说明文，短文介绍了外向性格对生活的好处以及变外向的一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“You can start becoming outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends”，可知应该与最好的朋友们变得外向，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Just a simple “Hello.” or “How is it going?” is a good start.”可知，以“Hello”或者“How is it going”都可以和人开始谈话，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out”可知，变开朗的最简单的方式是走出去，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out”和“and you may make new friends there”可知，结交新朋友会使人变得更加外向和开朗。故选A。 5．观点态度题。根据短文内容，结合第一段“In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think”，可知作者认为变得开朗并不难，所以选项“Being outgoing is really difficult”不是作者的观点。故选A。 Passage3 （23-24八年级上·广东韶关·期中）Did you read the book Guinness World Records (《吉尼斯世界纪录》) before? From the world’s heaviest person and the oldest woman to the world’s smallest dog, there are all parts of the strangest (最奇怪的) people and things. And they are all in the Guinness World Records. It’s always one of the best-selling books in the world. People now can break over 1,000 records every week. Why do so many people want to break the records? “It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world,” said one of the record keepers Stewart Newport. The book was started by Hugh Beaver from the United Kingdom. In 1951, he went shooting (射击) birds and talked with his friends about the fastest bird in Europe. Three years later, they started a book to record world’s greatest people and things in it. One of the books was published soon. There are twelve parts in this book. It talks about the natural world, people’s achievements, sports and other things. This book has a lot of interesting records. Here are two: The world’s smallest dog is only 10 cm long. An American woman has the longest fingernails (指甲). They grew as long as 600 mm. 1．What can you know by reading the book Guinness World Records? A．Good food. B．Strange people. C．Beautiful places. D．Interesting movies. 2．How many records can people break every month? A．1,000. B．23000. C．3,000. D．4,000. 3．Why do many people want to break the records? A．They want to keep the worlds smallest dog. B．They want to know which birds are the fastest. C．They want to show they’re the best in the world. D．They want to come out one of the books on Tuesday. 4．What does the underlined word “was published” in paragraph 3 mean? A．came out B．grew up C．got lost D．ran away 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The world’s smallest dog. B．The world’s greatest man. C．The book Guinness World Records. D．People who broke world records. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了吉尼斯世界纪录。 1．细节理解题。根据“From the world’s heaviest person and the oldest woman to the world’s smallest dog, there are all parts of the strangest (最奇怪的) people and things.”可知，吉尼斯世界纪录书中记录了世界上最奇怪的人和事。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“People now can break over 1,000 records every week”可知，每周可以打破超过1000项记录，一个月大约有4周，所以每月可以打破约4000项记录。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world,”可知，许多人想要打破记录是因为他们想展示自己是世界上最好的。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“One of the books was published soon. There are twelve parts in this book.”可知，后文提到了书中有12个部分，因此划线词指的是“出版”，与“came out”同义。故选A。 5．标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了《吉尼斯世界纪录》这本书，因此选项C适合作为文章标题。故选C。 Passage4 （24-25八年级上·福建福州·期中）Health is very important to everyone. Different people have their own ways to keep fit. A lot of people like running on the treadmills (跑步机). But it is not a good way to make you strong and healthy. Here are some reasons why you should run outdoors but not on the treadmills. It costs you a lot of money to buy a treadmill. You can run outdoors, and it costs you nothing! Walk outside and the whole world is your treadmill. If you don’t mind getting a little dirty, outdoor activities will help you. Treadmills can become boring. You are limited (被限制) to what’s in front of you. Running and exercising outside provides a beautiful scenery (风景). Studies show that just looking at photos of nature can lower blood pressure (降低血压), so imagine what running through it will do. The fresh air and the unpolluted nature will also make you run more easily. You burn (燃烧) more calories running outside than you do on a treadmill, because you have to work harder in order to move your body. When you run on a treadmill, you only move your legs. But when exercising outside, you must move your legs and your hands and so on. Why not go for a run outdoors? Come on! 1．The passage gives ________ reason(s) not to exercise on the treadmills. A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 2．What can’t running outside provide? A．Clean water. B．The unpolluted nature. C．Fresh air. D．Beautiful scenery. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? (① = Paragraph 1) A．B． C． D． 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Do More Exercise B．Outdoor Scenery C．How to do Exercise on the Treadmills D．Reasons for Not Running on the Treadmills 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage? A．Culture and life. B．News and hot spots. C．Science and invention. D．Sports and health. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要将跑步机和户外跑步做对比，介绍了三个不使用跑步机跑步的原因，说明户外跑步要比跑步机跑步好得多。 1．细节理解题。根据“It costs you a lot of money to buy a treadmill”“Treadmills can become boring”以及“You burn (燃烧) more calories running outside than you do on a treadmill”可知共提到了三个原因。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Running and exercising outside provides a beautiful scenery...The fresh air and the unpolluted nature will also make you run more easily.”可知在户外跑步可以提供美丽的风景、新鲜的空气和未受污染的自然环境。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题；第二到四段分别叙述了不使用跑步机的理由；第五段总结文章。因为文章结构为总分总。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍了三个不使用跑步机跑步的原因。故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍了三个不使用跑步机跑步的原因，故可能出现在报纸的“运动和健康”部分。故选D。 Passage5 （24-25八年级上·广东珠海·期中）Everyone has worries (担心). However, too many worries can make you unhealthy. So how do you get out of your worries? Sitting there worrying is meaningless and it can’t solve (解决) your problems, either. Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you worry most about grades, try to ask yourself these questions. ●Why are grades important? What do grades mean (意味) to me? ●How do I get ready for class? Do I go over (复习) my notes when there isn’t a text? ●Do I have a good learning environment (环境)? ●Do I try different ways of studying? If your worries are about a fight with your friend, you might write down what you could do. Write a letter to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, apologize to him or her and so on. Once you have a list of things to do, you could choose one of them and try to get your friends back. And when you are worried, don’t be afraid to speak it out. It is not a bad idea to ask someone else for help. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, teachers and so on. They can give you some advice on how to solve the problems or cool you down. What’s more, try to learn the ways to relax. Going for a run, listening to some quiet music are also good ways to help you relax. When you are relaxed, you can think clearly about the ways to solve your problems. 1．What may happen if we worry too much? A．We may be afraid of making friends. B．We may lose our friends. C．We may do badly in our schoolwork. D．We may have health problems. 2．What does the underlined word “apologize” in the passage mean? A．Say hello. B．Say thanks. C．Say sorry. D．Say goodbye. 3．What CAN’T we learn from the passage? A．Having worries is common for people. B．Sitting there worrying can’t help solve problems. C．Sharing your problems with others can be helpful. D．The writer talks about three ways to help us get relaxed. 4．Why should we learn to relax? A．Because it makes us study better. B．Because it helps us get a clear mind. C．Because being relaxed is necessary when we make friends. D．Because we should relax to enjoy our life. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the reasons why we become worried B．the results of being worried C．ways to solve the worries D．different worries between children and grown-ups 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了当有烦恼时应如何解决的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, too many worries can make you unhealthy.”可知，如果我们担心得太多，我们可能有健康问题。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“If your worries are about a fight with your friend, you might write down what you could do. Write a letter to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, apologize to him or her and so on.”可知，如果你担心的是和朋友吵架，你可以给对方写一封信，邀请对方看篮球比赛，向对方道歉等等，所以划线部分的含义是“道歉”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Everyone has worries (担心).”可知，忧虑对人们来说很常见，A项提及；根据第一段中的“Sitting there worrying is meaningless and it can’t solve (解决) your problems, either.”可知，坐在那里担心无助于解决问题，B项提及；根据最后一段中的“And when you are worried, don’t be afraid to speak it out. It is not a bad idea to ask someone else for help. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, teachers and so on. They can give you some advice on how to solve the problems or cool you down.”可知，与他人分享你的问题可能会有所帮助，C项提及；D项“作者谈到了三种帮助我们放松的方法。”，文章并没有提及。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When you are relaxed, you can think clearly about the ways to solve your problems.”可知，当你放松的时候，你可以清楚地思考解决问题的方法。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Everyone has worries (担心). However, too many worries can make you unhealthy. So how do you get out of your worries?”并通读全文可知，本文主要讲处理担忧的方法。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解—说明文 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Winter comes after autumn and before spring. It brings snow and ice. Here are different ways to know it’s winter. ②The days are short and the nights are long. The winter solstice (冬至) is the start of the coldest days in winter, and it is the shortest day of the year! ③The sun isn’t warm in winter. In cold places, there is lots of snow in winter. People and animals there don’t like to go outside. ④In winter, when you look outside, you’ll see a lot of brown things, not the green ones. There are no leaves on most of the trees. ⑤Some animals hibernate. They sleep in winter. But others keep food in autumn to eat in winter because it is difficult to find food. Many birds fly from the north to warm places for the winter. They will come back when spring comes. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does the word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 2．Which of the following can tell us that it’s winter? A．The days are long and the nights are warm. B．The sun is warm. C．Many birds fly from the north to warm places. D．Some animals start to keep food. 3．What does the word “hibernate” mean in Chinese? A．冬眠 B．备粮 C．捕食 D．迁徙 4．What is the structure (结构) of the text? (①=Paragraph 1            ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．What Can People Do in Winter? B．What Do Animals Do in Winter? C．How Do We Know It’s Winter? D．How Is the Weather in Winter? Passage2 （23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期中）Phones are more important than ever in the students’ daily life, but how they use them has changed greatly in the past six years. London University teachers surveyed 1055 young people aged 13 to 18 about their mobile phone habits. Students use mobile phones mainly for two reasons: “communication” or “entertainment”. Communication means talking on the phone and writing messages using texting (短信) or chatting software (聊天软件) like QQ or WeChat. Entertainment includes (包括), watching movies, listening to music and surfing the Internet. The findings are different from the study of 2016.The results are shown below： Six years ago, students spent around 30% of their mobile phone time making or answering calls. In 2022, only 10% of time was used for talking. When students use their phone to communicate, they’d like to use QQ or WeChat. “Communication is still an important use of mobile phones. But now students are using mobile phones more for entertainment than for communication,” said Dr. Harry Lectre, the research leader. 根据短文和图表内容，选择最佳答案。 1．The survey is about ________of the students. A．daily life B．great changes C．mobile phone habits D．communication and entertainment 2．What is the least popular mobile phone activity in 2022? ________ A．Talking. B．Texting. C．Chatting. D．Playing games. 3．What percentage of time did students use their mobile phones for playing games in 2016? ________　 A．16%. B．27%. C．11%. D．9%. 4．Which mobile phone activities were more popular than surfing the Internet in 2022? ________ A．Talking and playing games. B．Playing games and watching movies. C．Chatting and watching movies. D．Chatting and listening to music. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ________ A．Entertainment includes playing games and chatting on QQ or WeChat. B．The most popular kind of mobile phone entertainment in 2016 is texting. C．Students spent only 10% of their mobile phone time making or answering calls in 2016. D．Students now use mobile phones for entertainment more than for communication. Passage3 （22-23八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）The Earth is our home. But people do something to pollute it. Lots of people burn things to make energy. They burn wood to keep warm. This pollutes the air. The air is very dirty now. People make a lot of rubbish every day. They throw it away on the ground. This pollutes the land. Many plants die because of the land pollution. People also put the waste into the rivers and sea. This pollutes the water. The water becomes very dirty. Lots of fish die because of the water pollution. We must ask people not to pollute the Earth. We must stop polluting the air, land and water. We must plant more trees and flowers. We live on the Earth. We must make the Earth clean and beautiful. 1．How do people pollute the land? A．They burn things. B．They plant trees. C．They put the waste into the water. D．They throw away the rubbish on the ground. 2．Why do the fish die according to the passage? A．Because people pollute the air. B．Because people pollute the land. C．Because people pollute the water. D．Because people like them. 3．How many kinds of pollution are mentioned (提到)in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 4．What can we do to protect the Earth? A．We stop polluting the Earth. B．We plant more trees and flowers. C．We can’t put the waste into the river. D．A, B and C． Passage4 （23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期中）Do you think breakfast important? Last week, several students from Xingfu Middle School made a survey among 500 people on the streets. The diagrams below show the results. It is good to see 65 percent of the people eat breakfast every day. However, some people seldom eat breakfast or don’t eat breakfast at all. People who don’t eat breakfast have different reasons. Most are too busy to have breakfast. 6 percent have no appetite (胃口). And a very small number of people think that eating breakfast is a trouble. They would rather sleep a little longer or relax than rise early to make breakfast. 16 percent don’t care. They have no reason for not eating breakfast. Studies show that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It enables us to study and work better, giving us a fresh start. It is believed that the best time for breakfast is between 7 a.m. and 8 a.m. There should be an interval (间隔) of 4 to 5 hours between breakfast and lunch. Before breakfast, we’d better drink some water. As you can know, our body loses much water after a whole night. 根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。 1．The survey is mainly about ________. A．eating breakfast B．keeping happy C．working better D．sleeping well 2．According to Diagram I, ________ of the people often eat breakfast. A．65% B．18% C．14% D．3% 3．According to Diagram Ⅱ, 74% of the people don’t eat breakfast because ________. A．they are too busy B．they don’t feel like eating C．they want to be thin D．they think it a trouble 4．________ according to the passage. A．Only a small number of people always eat breakfast B．Each person has his own reason for not eating breakfast C．Eating breakfast helps people to work and study better D．Drinking water before breakfast is not necessary at all 5．From the passage, we can know ________. A．people eat breakfast because they love getting up early B．lunch is more important than breakfast for good health C．most people believe that sleeping longer is better for health D．there should be at least 4 hours between breakfast and lunch 主题02 人与自我——人物故事介绍 Passage1 （24-25八年级上·吉林四平·期中）①Goreme is a beautiful town in Turkey. Here are some of the cool things visitors can do in Goreme. ·Stay in a cave (山洞) hotel ②Staying in a cave hotel is a special experience (经历) in Goreme. It makes you learn how people lived in stone caves hundreds of years ago in this area. ·Take a hot air balloon (热气球) trip ③Over 20 years ago, people in Goreme began to fly the first hot air balloon in the sky of this little town. Now, there are over 100 balloons flying every day early in the morning. It is the best way to enjoy the beauty of Goreme. ·Visit the open-air museum ④The open-air museum is about fifteen minutes’ walk away from the center of Goreme. This place is the first stop on anyone’s journey to Goreme. ·See the magical rock shapes ⑤These unusual rock shapes are the most beautiful parts in Coreme. They are made by the strong winds and heavy rains. Their shapes look like different kinds of animals. ⑥If you want to have a cool journey to Turkey, the magical Goreme can be a wonderful place. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What is a special experience in Goreme? A．Visit the open-air museum. B．See the magical rock shapes. C．Stay in a cave hotel. D．Take a hot air balloon trip. 2．What are those unusual rock shapes made by? A．By animals. B．By the strong winds. C．By the heavy rains. D．Both B and C． 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Goreme is a beautiful town in England. B．Staying in a cave hotel is the best way to enjoy the beauty of Goreme. C．Taking a hot air balloon trip can make you learn how people lived in stone caves. D．These unusual rock shapes are the most beautiful parts in Coreme. 4．Where may this passage come from? A．A diary. B．A travel guide. C．A history book. D．A food magazine. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③/④⑤⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②③④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④⑤③ Passage2 （23-24八年级上·吉林四平·期中）Wu Yibing is a great Chinese tennis player. He was born on October 14th, 1999, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. In February, 2023, Wu became the first Chinese tennis player in history to win an ATP Tour title（巡回赛冠军）. After the race he said, “I feel happy. It’s not just about winning the title but it’s more about me making the history of my country. And I want to thank my coach Azcurra. We see each other every day and he gives me advice（建议）. It’s great to work with him and my whole team.” Wu’s favorite star is an NBA basketball player named Kevin Durant. He was born on September 29th, 1988. Wu says, “Durant is really cool when he plays basketball. I want to be like him.” In his free time, Wu loves listening to music and cooking. He watches cooking shows on TV every day. He says, “I love cooking different foods. Every time I cook, I am very happy.” 1．When is Wu’s birthday? A．On September 14th. B．On September 29th. C．On October 14th. D．On October 29th. 2．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Azcurra has helped Wu a lot. B．It’s difficult for players to win an ATP title. C．Wu is the second to win an ATP title in China. D．Wu feels very happy to work with his coach and team. 3．Which ball game does Wu’s favorite star play best? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A．Why Wu likes listening to music. B．Why Wu watches TV every day. C．What kind of food Wu can cook. D．What Wu likes doing in his free time. 5．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To ask us to eat well. B．To ask us to play ball games. C．To tell us about a tennis player. D．To tell us how to make history. Passage3 （23-24八年级上·吉林松原·期中）Life is full of good and bad things. And what you think really has something to do with it. Life goes on the way your mind decides it. Now I’ll tell you some things I tried to do. They really helped make my life different. I stopped being angry with other people’s rude behaviors (粗鲁的行为). Now I try to know more about other people’s mind or past life. This helps me know others better. I started to smile at others. You never know how much you may influence (影响) people with it. To some people, you may be the only one smiling at them in a day. And I find that I feel happier than before. What’s more (而且), I make more good friends. I started listening to people around me. I give my full attention (注意) when they want to say something good to me. But of course I won’t do everything they want me to do. I’ll think about what they say and I love to do what I enjoy more! Just try making some changes (改变). A small change can make a bigger difference in your life! 1．What can decide people’s life according to the passage? A．The body. B．Money. C．Mind. D．Habits. 2．What did the writer do when he saw others do something rude in the past? A．He shouted at them loudly. B．He asked why they did like that. C．He didn’t feel happy because of it. D．He found out what their past life was like. 3．The underlined word “it” refers to (指的是) ________ in the passage． A．a friend B．a smile C．a day D．a story 4．According to the passage, we can know that the writer ________. A．doesn’t decide things by himself B．has few friends around him C．doesn’t listen to other people D．does what he likes to do 5．What can be the best title of the passage? A．Make Changes in Your Life B．Know Others Well C．Start a Day with a Smile D．Enjoy Your Life 主题03 其他 Passage1 （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期中）① How do you spend your free time? Playing sports or seeing moves? Do you want to live a different after-school life? How about mixing into elements of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产元素). Here are four examples. ②Ki Chenxi, an 11- year-old girl, is at No. 2 Primary School in Yinchuan. Her school brings traditional (传统的) Chinese culture into the after-school activities. Li is interested in tie-dye (扎染). She can make toys and clothes after learning for more than a year, “In the past, I had too much homework to do. But now I can do what I want to do in my free time. I enjoy it.” she said. ③ It is on Saturday afternoon. A group of children of all ages are following Zhu Wei in Zimbabwe (津巴布韦). Zhu, a traditional Chinese medicine doctor, teaches them tai chi. These children like ai chi. They think tai chi helps them keep healthy and study better. ④ When Antoine, an international student from Rwanda (卢旺达), first watched the dragon dance, he was surprised and could not wait to join in it. In 2015, Antoine built the first international student dragon dance team in his school. Now the team has about 100 students from different countries. ⑤Chloe from Canada is a paper-cutting lover. Every Sunday, she learns paper-cutting from Mrs Smith. The girl can easily cut butterflies, horses, flowers and so on. Last weekend, Chloe made a paper-cutting work of Binbin and Nini. She felt excited to see it shown on the school wall. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does Li Chenxi use tie-dye to make? A．Toys and clothes. B．Fruit salad. C．Paper cutting. D．Animals and flowers. 2．Why do children in Zimbabwe keep practicing tai chi? ① To make friends.    ② To learn Chinese.    ③ To keep healthy.     ④ To study better. A．①② B．①④ C．③④ D．②③ 3．When did Antoine build the first international student dragon dance team? A．In the past. B．In 2015. C．On Sunday. D．Last weekend. 4．How often doe Chloe learn paper-cutting from Mrs Smith? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a month. 5．Which structure (结构) of the following is RIGHT from the passage? A．B． C． D． Passage2 （24-25八年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Everyone has his or her dream. What’s your dream? Do you know how to make your dream come true? If your answer is “no”, here are some ideas for you. ②First, know about your dream. The first thing you need to do is to know what your dream is. Your dream must have to do with (与···有关) your hobby (爱好). If your hobby is swimming, your dream must be to be a great swimmer. If you find a job that you are interested in, you will be happier than others. ③Second, make a good plan. Nobody will succeed (成功) if he or she doesn't have a good plan. You should make your own plan carefully. For example, you can write down every step of your plan. You can also write down the details (细节) of every step. ④Third, take action (采取行动) now. Now you know about your dream and have your plan. It’s time to take action now. Don’t be lazy. Do it now. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What’s the first thing you need to do? A．To know what your dream is. B．To know why you love jobs. C．To know what your parents want you to do. D．To know how many hobbies you have. 2．Why does the writer mention (提到) “swimming” in the second paragraph? A．To show your dream must have to do with your hobby. B．To show the writer's favorite sport is swimming. C．To show lots of children want to be swimmers. D．To show swimming is the best job in the world. 3．What does the underlined word “step” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．计划 B．结果 C．步骤 D．原因 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What's the best title (标题) of the passage? A．How to take action now? B．How to get to know your dream? C．How to make a good plan? D．How to make your dream come true? Passage3 （24-25八年级上·广东揭阳·期中）Without(没有) changes(改变), our lives would be very boring. It would be like listening to the same song on your MP3 player over and over again. Some people don’t like changes. They want to do the same things and see the same people every day. When something changes, it makes them feel uncomfortable. It is like some children, and they can’t go to sleep unless(除非) all their toys are in their places. But the change is a big part of life and we all change in small ways every day. The young get stronger and the old get weaker. We meet new friends or get new hobbies. You will go through many changes in your lifetime. In America, some people change jobs ten times during their lives. Some change their homes eleven times. They like changing because they think it improves their lives. China has seen many changes in recent years and they are living longer. People have more money, more food and they have a better education. Children are growing taller and the children in Shanghai are now the tallest in China. Changes have been good for China and they will be good for you. 1．The writer thinks that without changes our lives would ________. A．not be boring B．not be interesting C．be more comfortable D．be much healthier 2．People who don’t like changes want to ________. A．change in small ways every day B．buy many toys for their children every day C．meet new friends or get new hobbies all the time D．do the same things and see the same people every day 3．Americans like changes because they think ________. A．these changes improve their lives B．they can’t do the same things every day C．they can meet many new friends D．they can often get new hobbies 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．People are less healthy and they are living a shorter life in China. B．The children in Shanghai are now the tallest in the world. C．Many good changes have taken place in recent years in China. D．People have less money, but they have a better education in China. 5．What does the passage tell us? A．What changes are. B．How to change. C．Changes are good. D．How to live better. Passage4 （23-24八年级上·吉林四平·期中）There are some different clubs in Mark's school. In the same club, all the members have different ideas about what they should be like. Sally: We must like the same things, and then we can enjoy ourselves. Also, we can play well and happily together. For example, we can play basketball very well in the game. Tina: For me, it’s necessary to be hard-working in the club. In our club, if we use the Internet well, we can spend much time talking about many things. Peter: In our club, we usually have a talk about books. We can talk about our favorite books, such as history books, picture books and so on. So I think it’s very important for us to be outgoing. Then we can have a happy talk with each other on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons. We can also have other activities on Friday afternoon. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “members” mean in Chinese? ________ A．演员 B．专家 C．成员 D．指导员 2．What club is Sally in according to Paragraph 2? ________ A．A singing club. B．A basketball club. C．A reading club. D．A dancing club. 3．What does Tina need to have in her club? ________ A．A ruler. B．A magazine. C．A mirror. D．A computer. 4．How often does Peter have his activities in the club? ________ A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week. 5．Where does this passage come from? ________ A．A school newspaper. B．A science magazine. C．A sports book. D．A music book. Passage5 （23-24八年级上·吉林松原·期中）There are many different places to eat in Switzerland (瑞士). There are some fast-food restaurants, self-service restaurants and family restaurants. There are also some nice and expensive restaurants. Choosing where to eat is an “experience”. Food is more expensive in Switzerland than that in most of other countries in Europe (欧洲). It is much more expensive than that in the USA．In Switzerland if you go to a fast-food restaurant, you may easily spend up to 10 CHF (瑞士法郎) for a hamburger, a soft drink and a cup of coffee. In a family restaurant, a meal usually costs you between 15 CHF and 50 CHF. Self-service restaurants are less expensive. At a nice restaurant, one person can pay as much as 1,000 CHF just for a bottle of wine. In Switzerland a usual dinner always has all kinds of noodles, vegetables, meat, fish and seafood. Potatoes are used in many different ways. Vegetarian meals (素食饭菜) are also popular now. This means that salads are very popular. The most important part of a dinner is the dessert. Cheese, cakes and cookies are the most popular desserts. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “self-service” mean in Chinese? A．服务 B．自助 C．优质服务 D．售货 2．How is the food in Switzerland according to the second paragraph? A．It tastes very terrible. B．It is much cheaper than most of other countries in Europe. C．It is almost the most expensive in Europe. D．It has the most kinds of food in Europe. 3．Which is the most expensive restaurant in Switzerland? A．A fast-food restaurant. B．A family restaurant. C．A self-service restaurant. D．A nice restaurant. 4．What is the most important part of a Switzerland dinner? A．The salad. B．Vegetables. C．The meat. D．The dessert. 5．What does the passage talk about? A．Something about eating in Switzerland. B．Food is more expensive in Switzerland. C．Vegetarian meals are popular in Switzerland. D．Good restaurants in Switzerland. Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期中）American boys and girls love to watch TV. Some children spend six hours a day in school and four to six a day in front of the TV set. Some even watch TV for eight hours or more on Saturday. TVs are like books or films. A child can learn bad things and good things from them. Some programs help children to understand the news; others show people and places from other countries or other time in history. With TV, a child does not have to go to the zoo to see animals, or to the sea to see a ship. Boys and girls can see a play, a concert (音乐会) or a game at home. TV brings many places and things into our homes. Some programs show crimes and other things that are bad for children, so parents sometimes help them to find other interesting things to do. 1．Some children spend eight hours or more ________ on Saturday. A．studying B．playing games C．watching TV D．helping their parents 2．On TV, children can see ________. A．games B．big animals C．oceans D．almost everything 3．Children usually spend ________ a day in school. A．six hours B．more than eight hours C．only a few hours D．four hours 4．“TV brings many places and things into our homes.” means ________. A．TV makes things happen in homes B．we can know many places and things without (不) going to see them C．we can see houses and buildings on TV D．we can find them easily 5．Parents sometimes help their children find other things to do when there is ________ for children. A．a bad program B．an animal C．a game D．an uninteresting film Passage2 （24-25八年级上·广东揭阳·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start to become outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello.” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers and prepare your views or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Going to a park, beach, club, party or any other place can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．You should start being outgoing with ________. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your best friends D．your new friends 2．When you start a talk with a stranger, you can say “________”. A．What’s the matter? B．What’s your name? C．How is it going? D．Are you healthy? 3．The easiest way to be outgoing is ________. A．talking B．smiling C．playing D．going out 4．Making new friends can make us ________. A．more outgoing B．healthier C．more athletic D．wilder 5．Which is NOT the writer’s view? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our lives. C．Being outgoing helps us have more fun. D．Being outgoing with strangers isn’t easy. Passage3 （23-24八年级上·广东韶关·期中）Did you read the book Guinness World Records (《吉尼斯世界纪录》) before? From the world’s heaviest person and the oldest woman to the world’s smallest dog, there are all parts of the strangest (最奇怪的) people and things. And they are all in the Guinness World Records. It’s always one of the best-selling books in the world. People now can break over 1,000 records every week. Why do so many people want to break the records? “It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world,” said one of the record keepers Stewart Newport. The book was started by Hugh Beaver from the United Kingdom. In 1951, he went shooting (射击) birds and talked with his friends about the fastest bird in Europe. Three years later, they started a book to record world’s greatest people and things in it. One of the books was published soon. There are twelve parts in this book. It talks about the natural world, people’s achievements, sports and other things. This book has a lot of interesting records. Here are two: The world’s smallest dog is only 10 cm long. An American woman has the longest fingernails (指甲). They grew as long as 600 mm. 1．What can you know by reading the book Guinness World Records? A．Good food. B．Strange people. C．Beautiful places. D．Interesting movies. 2．How many records can people break every month? A．1,000. B．23000. C．3,000. D．4,000. 3．Why do many people want to break the records? A．They want to keep the worlds smallest dog. B．They want to know which birds are the fastest. C．They want to show they’re the best in the world. D．They want to come out one of the books on Tuesday. 4．What does the underlined word “was published” in paragraph 3 mean? A．came out B．grew up C．got lost D．ran away 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The world’s smallest dog. B．The world’s greatest man. C．The book Guinness World Records. D．People who broke world records. Passage4 （24-25八年级上·福建福州·期中）Health is very important to everyone. Different people have their own ways to keep fit. A lot of people like running on the treadmills (跑步机). But it is not a good way to make you strong and healthy. Here are some reasons why you should run outdoors but not on the treadmills. It costs you a lot of money to buy a treadmill. You can run outdoors, and it costs you nothing! Walk outside and the whole world is your treadmill. If you don’t mind getting a little dirty, outdoor activities will help you. Treadmills can become boring. You are limited (被限制) to what’s in front of you. Running and exercising outside provides a beautiful scenery (风景). Studies show that just looking at photos of nature can lower blood pressure (降低血压), so imagine what running through it will do. The fresh air and the unpolluted nature will also make you run more easily. You burn (燃烧) more calories running outside than you do on a treadmill, because you have to work harder in order to move your body. When you run on a treadmill, you only move your legs. But when exercising outside, you must move your legs and your hands and so on. Why not go for a run outdoors? Come on! 1．The passage gives ________ reason(s) not to exercise on the treadmills. A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 2．What can’t running outside provide? A．Clean water. B．The unpolluted nature. C．Fresh air. D．Beautiful scenery. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? (① = Paragraph 1) A．B． C． D． 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Do More Exercise B．Outdoor Scenery C．How to do Exercise on the Treadmills D．Reasons for Not Running on the Treadmills 5．In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage? A．Culture and life. B．News and hot spots. C．Science and invention. D．Sports and health. Passage5 （24-25八年级上·广东珠海·期中）Everyone has worries (担心). However, too many worries can make you unhealthy. So how do you get out of your worries? Sitting there worrying is meaningless and it can’t solve (解决) your problems, either. Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you worry most about grades, try to ask yourself these questions. ●Why are grades important? What do grades mean (意味) to me? ●How do I get ready for class? Do I go over (复习) my notes when there isn’t a text? ●Do I have a good learning environment (环境)? ●Do I try different ways of studying? If your worries are about a fight with your friend, you might write down what you could do. Write a letter to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, apologize to him or her and so on. Once you have a list of things to do, you could choose one of them and try to get your friends back. And when you are worried, don’t be afraid to speak it out. It is not a bad idea to ask someone else for help. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, teachers and so on. They can give you some advice on how to solve the problems or cool you down. What’s more, try to learn the ways to relax. Going for a run, listening to some quiet music are also good ways to help you relax. When you are relaxed, you can think clearly about the ways to solve your problems. 1．What may happen if we worry too much? A．We may be afraid of making friends. B．We may lose our friends. C．We may do badly in our schoolwork. D．We may have health problems. 2．What does the underlined word “apologize” in the passage mean? A．Say hello. B．Say thanks. C．Say sorry. D．Say goodbye. 3．What CAN’T we learn from the passage? A．Having worries is common for people. B．Sitting there worrying can’t help solve problems. C．Sharing your problems with others can be helpful. D．The writer talks about three ways to help us get relaxed. 4．Why should we learn to relax? A．Because it makes us study better. B．Because it helps us get a clear mind. C．Because being relaxed is necessary when we make friends. D．Because we should relax to enjoy our life. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the reasons why we become worried B．the results of being worried C．ways to solve the worries D．different worries between children and grown-ups / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $