Unit 6 Wisdom counts 人与社会：古代故事中的智慧启迪（话题阅读精练）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

Unit 6 Wisdom counts人与社会：古代故事中的智慧启迪 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 240 文章介绍了视频博主通过AI技术让历史人物以现代语言“复活”的现象，列举了李白、杜甫等例子，并分析了观众的不同反应，最后提醒需警惕虚假信息。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 276 介绍《黑神话：悟空》的全球热度，分析其《西游记》文化内核，及游戏作为文化桥梁促进跨文化交流的意义。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 248 以 “嫦娥”“玉兔”“夸父”“墨子号” 等航天项目命名为例，阐述传统文化中神话与先贤智慧对现代航天的启发与影响。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 254 介绍了特里和凯特最近学过的中国成语背后的故事。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 221 基于 “特洛伊木马” 神话，讲述希腊士兵藏于木马潜入城池，救出海伦并结束战争的经过。 Passage B 阅读理解 议论文 243 以 “塞翁失马” 为核心，阐述 “福祸相依” 哲理，强调面对顺逆需保持冷静与辩证思维。 Passage C 阅读理解 记叙文 204 讲述 “商鞅立木为信”，说明其以承诺赢民心、助秦国变强，凸显诚信的重要性。 Passage D 阅读理解 说明文 297 对比 “后羿射日” 与 “法厄同驾太阳车”，分析人类与自然的互动及背后的文化内涵。 Passage E 阅读匹配 应用文 252 给出 5 则历史人物小故事，要求匹配对应的孔子名言或哲理谚语。 名言谚语 1.Wisdom begins in wonder.——Plato 智慧始于好奇。—— 柏拉图 2.One eyewitness is better than ten hearsays. 百闻不如一见。 3.A stitch in time saves nine. 及时行事，事半功倍。 4.A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 5.Knowledge speaks, but wisdom listens. 知识让人说话，智慧让人倾听。 6.Experience must be bought. 吃一堑，长一智。 7.One false move may lose the game.”一着不慎，满盘皆输。 8.Even Homer sometimes nods.智者千虑，必有一失。 9.A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。 10.Fortune favors those who use their judgement.机遇偏爱善断之人。 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A ①“Look in my eyes! Tell me why!” Have you found yourself listening to “ancient people” online recently? ②Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu “back to life”. In these videos, these well known ancient people speak in modern language, offering a fresh and interesting way for us to get to know them. ③In one video, Du Fu talks about his experience during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another, Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles, like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late. ④As you watch these videos, you can’t help but start to think—what do others think of these creative ways of making ancient people come alive? ⑤“The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people, such as Wen Zhengming and Tang Bohu. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. ⑥______. The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys (使恼怒) some people. “They’ re too pushy, which is different from how they really were,” explained 14-year-old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu. ⑦Xia Boen,14, from Hubei, felt the same. But he was surprised to find that he “remembered almost everything they said about their experiences and achievements” thanks to the speaking style in the videos. ⑧These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. However, “We should be careful with these videos, making sure they are not sharing false information.” noted Nanfang Daily. 1．The writer starts the passage by ______. A．asking a question B．telling a story C．making a comparison D．giving an example 2．Which sentence can be put in the ______? A．Everyone likes these creative videos B．Instead, some people felt disappointed C．This new style isn’t for everyone, however D．This is how ancient people actually talked 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．Ancient Poets Become Modern Stars B．AI Brings Ancient People to Life C．New Technology Changes History Learning D．AI Gives Wrong Ideas about Ancient Poets 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 长难句解析① ①原句：In another, Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles, like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late. 译文：在另一个视频中，明朝医学专家李时珍取笑现代的生活方式，比如通过喝枸杞水来保持健康但仍然熬夜。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。In another是地点状语，可理解为“在另一个（视频中）”；Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen是主语；makes fun of是谓语动词短语，意为“取笑”；modern lifestyles是宾语；like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late是对modern lifestyles的举例说明，其中trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry water和staying up late是并列的动名词短语。 译文 ①“看着我的眼睛！告诉我为什么！”你最近有没有发现自己在网上听“古人”说话呢？ ②富有创意的视频博主正在利用人工智能技术让唐朝诗人李白和杜甫等历史名人“复活”。在这些视频中，这些著名的古人用现代语言交谈，为我们了解他们提供了一种新颖有趣的方式。 ③在一个视频中，杜甫讲述了他在安史之乱（755 - 763年）期间的经历。在另一个视频中，明朝医学家李时珍调侃现代的生活方式，比如喝枸杞水养生却依然熬夜。 ④当你观看这些视频时，你不禁会开始思考——其他人如何看待这些让古人“复活”的创意方式呢？ ⑤“这些视频让我想更多地了解古代名人，比如文徵明和唐伯虎。我以前对他们的故事了解不多。” 来自山东的15岁学生王佳怡说道。 ⑥然而，并非所有人都喜欢这种新风格。这些古人说话的方式，音调很高且总是问问题，让一些人感 到恼火。“他们太咄咄逼人了，这和他们真实的样子不一样。”来自江苏的14岁学生王硕彤解释道。 ⑦来自湖北的14岁学生夏博恩也有同感。但他惊讶地发现，由于视频中的说话风格，他“几乎记住了他们所说的关于自己经历和成就的所有内容”。 ⑧这些视频采用了更现代的方式让古人“为自己发声”。然而，《南方日报》指出：“我们应该谨慎对待这些视频，确保它们没有传播虚假信息。” 核心词汇归纳 ①AI n. 人工智能 ②technology n. 技术 ③vlogger n. 视频博主 ④ancient adj. 古代的 ⑤poet n. 诗人 ⑥medical adj. 医学的 ⑦expert n. 专家 ⑧rebellion n. 叛乱 ⑨lifestyle n. 生活方式 ⑩creative adj. 有创造力的 ⑪alive adj. 活着的 ⑫annoy v. 使恼怒 ⑬pushy adj. 固执己见的 ⑭achievements n. 成就 ⑮modern adj. 现代的 ⑯false adj. 虚假的 ⑰information n. 信息 ⑱example n. 例子 ⑲comparison n. 比较 ⑳structure n. 结构 Passage B （2025·山东潍坊·二模）Black Myth: Wukong, a Chinese video game, became a global hit when it came out on August 20, 2024. Within three days, it sold over 10 million copies, breaking records for Chinese-made games. Based on the Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game lets players become the “Destined One” (天命之人), a brave monkey who follows the legendary (传说中的) Monkey King’s footsteps and saves Monkey King from darkness. The game has amazed the players. However, many players, especially those from Western countries, find the game’s story and characters hard to understand because there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game, such as mythical creatures (神话人物), traditional Chinese music, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas from Journey to the West. To know furthermore, some Western players studied the novel Journey to the West deeply. For example, one fan wrote a summary of Sun Wukong’s magical powers in 100 chapters of the book. Through the game, players not only enjoy exciting adventures but also learn about Chinese culture. Patrick McCarthy, an American player, said, “Sun Wukong feels different from Western heroes like Spider-Man. He pays more attention to freedom and independence than following strict rules.” This shows that the game has started discussions about cultural differences. Black Myth: Wukong’s success tells us that traditional stories can find new life in modern media. It also shows that how video games can act as bridges between cultures. By mixing ancient stories with modern technology, the game invites the world to explore Chinese culture. 1．How has Black Myth: Wukong amazed the players according to the passage? A．By showing Chinese difficult culture. B．By making players the “Destined One”. C．By showing Chinese traditional stories. D．By mixing modern stories with new technology. 2．Why did Western fans study Journey to the West according to the passage? A．To learn skills in the novel. B．To find Monkey King’s path. C．To create new skills of the game. D．To help understand the game better. 3．What does Patrick McCarthy think of Sun Wukong? A．He is the same as Spider-Man. B．He likes following strict rules. C．He loves freedom more than rules. D．He finds a new life in modern media. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Black Myth: Wukong Hits the World B．Journey to the West Walks to the World C．Ancient Story Meets Modern Technology D．Chinese Culture Is Known around the World 长难句解析① ①原句：（第一段第二句）Based on the Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game lets players become the “Destined One” (天命之人), a brave monkey who follows the legendary (传说中的) Monkey King’s footsteps and saves Monkey King from darkness. 译文：基于中国小说《西游记》，这款游戏让玩家成为“天命之人”，一个勇敢的猴子，它追随传说中的美猴王的脚步，并将美猴王从黑暗中拯救出来。 分析：本句中Based on the Chinese novel Journey to the West是过去分词短语作状语；the game是主语，lets是谓语，players是宾语，become the “Destined One”是宾语补足语；a brave monkey是“Destined One”的同位语，who follows the legendary Monkey King’s footsteps and saves Monkey King from darkness是定语从句，修饰先行词a brave monkey，其中who在从句中作主语，follows和saves是并列的谓语动词。 长难句解析① ①原句：（第二段第二句）However, many players, especially those from Western countries, find the game’s story and characters hard to understand because there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game, such as mythical creatures (神话人物), traditional Chinese music, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas from Journey to the West. 译文：许多玩家，尤其是来自西方国家的那些玩家，发现游戏的故事和角色很难理解，因为游戏中有很多关于中国文化的内容，比如神话人物、中国传统音乐以及来自《西游记》的哲学思想。 分析：本句中Many players是主语，find是谓语，the game’s story and characters是宾语，hard to understand是宾语补足语；especially those from Western countries是插入语；because there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game是原因状语从句，such as mythical creatures, traditional Chinese music, and philosophical ideas from Journey to the West是对Chinese culture的举例说明。 译文 中国游戏《黑神话：悟空》于2024年8月20日发布后迅速在全球走红。短短三天内，其销量就突破了1000万份，打破了国产游戏的销售纪录。这款游戏以中国小说《西游记》为蓝本，玩家可以扮演“天命之人”——一只勇敢的猴子，追随传说中孙悟空的脚步，将其从黑暗中拯救出来。 这款游戏让玩家们惊叹不已。然而，许多玩家，尤其是来自西方国家的玩家，觉得游戏的故事和角色难以理解，因为游戏中融入了大量中国文化元素，比如神话人物、中国传统音乐以及《西游记》中的哲学思想。为了更好地了解游戏，一些西方玩家深入研究了小说《西游记》。例如，有一位粉丝梳理了原著100章中孙悟空的各种神通。 通过这款游戏，玩家不仅能体验到刺激的冒险，还能了解中国文化。美国玩家帕特里克·麦卡锡表示：“孙悟空和蜘蛛侠等西方英雄截然不同。相比遵守严格的规则，他更追求自由和独立。”这表明这款游戏引发了关于文化差异的讨论。 《黑神话：悟空》的成功告诉我们，传统故事能够在现代媒体中重获生机。它也证明了电子游戏能够成为文化交流的桥梁。通过将古老故事与现代技术相结合，这款游戏邀请全世界一同探索中国文化。 核心词汇归纳 ①video game n. 电子游戏 ②global adj. 全球的 ③hit n. 热门事物；成功 ④copy n. 副本；拷贝；一份 ⑤novel n. 小说 ⑥legendary adj. 传说的；传奇的 ⑦amaze v. 使惊奇；使惊愕 ⑧mythical adj. 神话的；虚构的 ⑨creature n. 生物；人物 ⑩philosophical adj. 哲学的 ⑪summary n. 总结；概要 ⑫adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 ⑬freedom n. 自由 ⑭independence n. 独立 ⑮rule n. 规则；规章 ⑯discussion n. 讨论；议论 ⑰cultural adj. 文化的 ⑱traditional adj. 传统的 ⑲media n. 媒体 ⑳bridge n. 桥梁 实战演练 真题示例 Passage A （2024年湖北省中考英语真题） So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e 1. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission. _______. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．What do we know about Chang’e 1 according to the passage? A．It protects the Jade Rabbit. B．It moves around the moon. C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 2．What does the underlined word “inspired” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Encouraged. B．Explained. C．Regretted. D．Suggested. 3．Which of the following can be put in “_______” in Paragraph 4? A．Space scientists get the ideas from telling old stories when naming satellites. B．By introducing popular inventions, we can know more about space technology. C．Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. D．To explain how Chang’e works in space, we will show you some famous stories. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1    ②= Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture to the whole world. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 长难句解析① ①原句：（第一段第二句）Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. 译文：太空科学家在给卫星和宇宙飞船命名时，深受古老故事和古代名人的启发。 分析：分析：本句是现在完成时的被动语态。Space scientists是主语，have been inspired是谓语，by the old stories and ancient famous people是动作的执行者。when giving them names是时间状语从句的省略形式。 译文 到目前为止，中国已成功地将大量卫星和宇宙飞船送入太空。航天科学家在为它们命名时，深受古老故事和古代名人的启发。 几千年前，中国人就梦想着登上月球。《嫦娥奔月》是最受欢迎的故事之一。如你所见，中国第一颗绕月飞行的人造卫星被命名为“嫦娥一号”。更有趣的是，月球巡视器被命名为“玉兔”，它是故事中嫦娥的伙伴。这些古老的故事承载着人们最美好的祝愿和梦想。随着科技的发展，我们的科学家让它们变成了现实。 《夸父逐日》是另一个展现中国古代人多么渴望了解未知世界的故事。现在，“夸父”正和科学家们一起去“探访”太阳，因为我们有一个名为“夸父计划”的太空项目。 除了古代故事，航天科学家还从古代名人那里获得灵感。例如，古代科学家墨子在2000多年前就发现了光沿直线传播。他的这一发现使当时的太空研究向前迈进了一大步。因此，中国第一颗量子科学卫星被命名为“墨子号”，这也让中国成为世界上首个实现卫星与地面之间量子通信的国家。 从给卫星命名这样简单的事情中，我们可以看出我们的传统文化是多么伟大，以及它对我们现代科技产生了怎样的影响。 核心词汇归纳 ①successfully adv. 成功地 ②send v. 发送；发射 ③satellite n. 卫星 ④spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 ⑤inspire v. 启发；激励 ⑥dream v. 梦想 ⑦circle v. 环绕；盘旋 ⑧moon rover 月球巡视器 ⑨Jade Rabbit 玉兔 ⑩carry v. 承载 ⑪wish n. 愿望 ⑫come true 实现 ⑬unknown adj. 未知的 ⑭mission n. 任务 ⑮discover v. 发现 ⑯light n. 光 ⑰travel v. 传播 ⑱quantum adj. 量子的 ⑲traditional adj. 传统的 ⑳influence n. 影响 Passage B （2024年江苏省盐城市中考英语真题） At present, many foreigners show great interest in learning Chinese idioms (成语). Terry and Kate are among them. Most Chinese idioms have four characters. For example,qingchuyulan(bluer than indigo), and houjibofa(success comes with time and effort). Terry and Kate are now reading stories behind the Chinese idioms they have learnt recently. In the Spring and Autumn period, Duke Huan of Qi led his army to help the State of Yan fight the enemies. They set out in spring. However, when they won the war and went back home, winter began. Everything in the mountain was covered with snow. They walked and walked only to find they came back to the same place. The army felt hungry and cold. At that time, the minister Guan Zhong picked out some old horses and set them free. The horses started to walk by themselves. The army followed the old horses. Soon, they found their way and walked out of the mountains. In the Spring and Autumn period, the State of Wu and the State of Yue didn’t get along well. They were fighting for years. People in each state didn’t have a good relationship, either. One day, the people of Wu and Yue happened to be on the same boat to cross a river. When the boat was in the center of the river, a strong wind came. It seemed the boat would turn over anytime. Just then, they forget all the hatred between the two states and began to help and support each other just like they were family. In the end, they safely got to the river bank. 1．Which of the following best describes the first story? A．B．C． D． 2．What is the second story mainly about? A．Going travelling on horses together. B．Going through difficulties together. C．Trying to finish tasks on one’s own. D．Putting all hearts into making boats. 3．Which is a similar point of the two stories? A．They happened on sunny days. B．They happened in big mountains. C．The people got success in the end. D．The people got help from animals. 长难句解析① ①原句：（第一段第二句）Terry and Kate are now reading stories behind the Chinese idioms they have learnt recently. 译文：特里和凯特现在正在阅读他们最近学过的中文成语背后的故事。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。Terry and Kate是主语，are now reading是谓语，stories是宾语，behind the Chinese idioms是后置定语，修饰stories，they have learnt recently是定语从句，修饰先行词idioms，省略了关系代词that/which。 译文 目前，许多外国人对学习汉语成语表现出了极大的兴趣。特里和凯特就是其中的两位。大多数汉语成语由四个汉字组成。例如，“青出于蓝”（bluer than indigo）和“厚积薄发”（success comes with time and effort）。特里和凯特现在正在阅读他们最近所学汉语成语背后的故事。 春秋时期，齐桓公率领他的军队帮助燕国抗击敌人。他们在春天出发。然而，当他们打赢战争准备回家时，冬天到了。山上的一切都被雪覆盖了。他们走啊走，却发现又回到了原来的地方。军队又饿又冷。这时，大臣管仲挑出几匹老马，把它们放了出来。老马开始自行走动。军队跟着这些老马。很快，他们找到了出路，走出了大山。 春秋时期，吴国和越国关系不好。两国连年交战。两国的百姓关系也不融洽。有一天，吴国人和越国人碰巧同乘一条船过河。当船行到河中央时，刮起了大风。似乎船随时都会翻掉。就在这时，他们忘记了两国之间的所有仇恨，开始像一家人一样互相帮助、互相扶持。最后，他们安全地到达了河岸。 背景知识拓展 话题：中国成语故事及春秋时期历史 知识拓展： ①春秋时期概况：春秋时期（公元前770年 - 公元前476年）是中国历史东周前半期历史阶段，这一时期周王室势力衰微，诸侯争霸，先后出现了齐桓公、晋文公、楚庄王、吴王阖闾和越王勾践等霸主。 ②相关成语：第一个故事对应的成语是“老马识途”，比喻有经验的人对事情比较熟悉。第二个故事可引申出“同舟共济”，意思是坐一条船，共同渡河，比喻团结互助，同心协力，战胜困难。 ③春秋时期各国关系：春秋时期各诸侯国之间关系复杂多变，时而结盟，时而征战。像齐国帮助燕国、吴国和越国长期争斗等都是常见的国际关系表现。这种复杂的关系促进了当时政治、军事、文化等方面的交流与发展。 Passage A There was a huge war between Greece and Troy. Prince Paris from Troy stole away the Greek queen, Helen. The Greek soldiers sailed to Troy to 1 for their queen. The war outside Troy lasted for ten years. All the Greek soldiers 2 the war and wanted to return to their homes. Then the Greeks came up with a great idea to 3 the war. They built a huge wooden horse and put it in the middle of their encampment (营地). Next they pretended (假装) to sail away. In fact many 4 hid inside the wooden horse. When the Trojans found the Greeks give up their encampment, they went out to 5 . They needed to know if the war was really over. They walked through the encampment and 6 they saw the wooden horse. They could not decide 7 it was. Some Trojans decided to call a groups of soldiers to pull it 8 the city. A huge celebration started. Everybody drank and danced and then they all went to sleep. At that moment the wooden horse opened and the 9 Greek soldiers came out quietly. They killed the sleeping Trojans, saved 10 , met up with the rest of their army and set sail for home. 1．A．play B．capture C．fight D．work 2．A．looked forward to B．got tired of C．were excited about D．were worried about 3．A．end B．over C．celebrate D．give up 4．A．soldiers B．flowers C．tricks D．jokes 5．A．succeed B．laugh C．celebrate D．check 6．A．so far B．in the end C．since then D．except for 7．A．where B．how C．what D．which 8．A．into B．out of C．from D．through 9．A．stupid B．hidden C．quiet D．suddenly 10．A．the captain B．Prince Paris C．Queen Helen D．Greek soldiers Passage B Do things in our daily life have anything to do with luck? Can good things turn into bad ones? Or can bad things turn into good ones? Many people always think so. In fact, there is no such thing as good luck or bad luck. The great thinker Liu An told the famous story of “The Old Man at the Fort”. An old man lived with his son and he had a horse, but one day he lost it. His neighbours came to comfort him. The old man asked, “How do you know it’s bad luck?” After several days, his horse returned with another good horse. His neighbours came again. They congratulated (祝贺) him on his good luck. The old man answered, “How do you know it is good luck?” Several days later, his son learnt to ride the horse. He fell off the horseback and broke his leg. How can this be a good thing? The next year, there was a war. The son didn’t have to go to the front because of his broken leg… Every coin has two sides. Just as the saying goes, “Good luck and bad luck rotate.” When you are lucky, you’d better keep calm, or you may get into trouble at last. When you are in danger or trouble, you should see it in a good way and you can turn it around with a strong will. You can return to this story whether you are in good luck or in trouble. No matter what you are going through, you should keep your mind cool, see things in another way, and think about the changes in things. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By offering advice. 2．How did the old man feel when he lost his horse? A．Angry. B．Calm. C．Bored. D．Worried. 3．What was the life of the son like during the war? A．He got more wild horses. B．He learnt to ride horses again. C．He helped his army. D．He lived at home with his father. 4．What does the underlined word “rotate” mean? A．Come in turn. B．Wait in line. C．Leave in order. D．Work in pairs. 5．What does the writer try to tell people in this passage? A．It’s good to meet more bad things than good ones. B．We have to find more happiness in everyday life. C．We should turn to others when meeting problems. D．Every cloud has a silver lining. Passage C In ancient times, there was a man named Shang Yang in the state of Qin. The king respected him very much. One day, he came up with an idea to help promote (促进) the economic (经济的) development. But he was afraid that people would not believe him. He thought of an idea. One day, he had a 10-meter long pole (杆) at the south gate outside the city. Then he said, “If someone could take the pole to the north gate, I will give him 10 gold pieces.” Everyone was excited, but nobody wanted to have a try because they were afraid that Shang Yang wouldn’t give the gold to them after they did that. After seeing that, Shang Yang said, “If someone could do that, I will give him 50 gold pieces.” Hearing this, a man decided to have a try and he succeeded in taking the pole to the north gate. Shang Yang gave him 50 gold pieces just like he said before. Everyone believed Shang Yang because he kept his promise. In this way, Shang Yang achieved success. Soon the state of Qin became the strongest state at that time. 1．The first paragraph mainly tells us that ________. A．Shang Yang wanted to make people believe him B．Shang Yang was a respectable man C．the state of Qin was not strong then D．who Shang Yang was 2．Shang Yang put the pole ________. A．at the north gate outside the city B．at the north gate inside the city C．at the south gate outside the city D．at the south gate inside the city 3．Why did nobody want to have a try at first? A．Because they thought it would take them much time. B．Because they thought 10 gold pieces were not enough. C．Because they didn’t think they could do it. D．Because they didn’t think they could get the gold. 4．Shang Yang made people believe him by ________. A．keeping his promise B．helping the state of Qin become the strongest one at that time C．giving 10 gold pieces to a man D．telling everyone to believe him 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．A rich man is believable. B．We should do what we promise. C．Never give up trying. D．A strong country depends on a wise man. Passage D A Chinese Myth (神话):Houyi and the Suns Long, long ago, there were ten sun birds. Every morning, one of them would rise from a resting place near the eastern sea and fly across the sky. But one day they decided to fly at the same time, which caused very serious and terrible results. Lakes and rivers dried up, and fires started. People and animals fell down because of the heat. The emperor requested help from Dijun, God of the Eastern Heaven and father of the sun birds. Dijun asked Houyi to deal with his sons. Houyi tried to beat the sun birds but they just laughed at him. So he shot and killed nine of the birds. The emperor ran to Houyi and stopped him, reminding him that if he shot the last bird, the world would be dark forever. Since then, there is only one sun in the world. Houyi became a hero, but he could not get back into heaven because of Dijun’s anger at him. A Greek Myth:Phaeton and the Sun Chariot (战车) Long ago, Phaeton, the son of a princess, was told that his father was Helios, the sun god. He went to see Helios. Helios said he would promise Phaeton a wish. Phaeton asked to drive Helios’s sun chariot for one day. The chariot was very hot; the horses were difficult to control and they breathed out hot fire. Helios tried but he could not make Phactor change his mind to challenge it. The next day, when Phaeton drove the chariot, it went too high at first, turning the world cold. Then it went too low, creating deserts and burns, harming human lives. In order to end the disaster, Zeus, king of the gods, finally knocked down Phaeton with a lightning bolt (霹雳). Helios, after losing the son, didn’t drive his chariot for a while and made the world dark in the daytime. This strange event is what we call a “solar eclipse”. 1．Why did the emperor stop Houyi from shooting the last sun bird? A．He planned to punish it himself. B．He was afraid of Houyi’s power. C．He wanted to protect the sun bird. D．He wanted to keep the world bright. 2．What does the underlined word it in the Greek Myth refer to? A．The fire. B．The sun chariot. C．The horse. D．The lightning bolt. 3．What is the hidden meaning of both myths? A．The courage to discover the unknown. B．The importance of family relationships. C．Humans’ strong wish to control nature. D．Parents’ power to protect their children. 4．Which of the following pictures can best show a “solar eclipse”? A． B． C． D． Passage E Peter is very interested in reading stories of Kongzi recently. Please match the following classical stories with the most proper sayings of Kongzi. 1 Emperor Taizong of Tang took WeiZheng’s advice and he often said, “With copper as a mirror, you can correct your clothes, history as a mirror, you can know the ups and downs, and people as a mirror, you can see the gains and losses. ” 2 During the Three Kingdom Period, Zhuge Liang untied Meng Huo and fed him with wine and meat. Then he set Meng Huo free and told him to get ready to fight. 3 Einstein always spent years proving his theories right and he never drew a conclusion in a rush in case he would make the wrong decision. 4 Zengzi’s wife promised to kill the pig to make a meal for her son to comfort the crying kid. When she came back from the market, she saw that Zengzi tied up the pig and prepared to kill it. 5 Yu Liang raised a very fierce and bad tempered horse. So his servants advise him to sell the horse to others. But he refused and said, “if I sell it to others, they will also be in danger.” A．What you don’t want done to yourself, don’t do to others. B．Be trustworthy in word and resolute in action. C． Think twice before acting. D．There must be one out of three who can be your teacher. E. Return good for evil. F. All men are brothers. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Wisdom counts人与社会：古代故事中的智慧启迪 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 240 文章介绍了视频博主通过AI技术让历史人物以现代语言“复活”的现象，列举了李白、杜甫等例子，并分析了观众的不同反应，最后提醒需警惕虚假信息。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 276 介绍《黑神话：悟空》的全球热度，分析其《西游记》文化内核，及游戏作为文化桥梁促进跨文化交流的意义。 真题示例 Passage A 阅读理解 说明文 248 以 “嫦娥”“玉兔”“夸父”“墨子号” 等航天项目命名为例，阐述传统文化中神话与先贤智慧对现代航天的启发与影响。 Passage B 阅读理解 说明文 254 介绍了特里和凯特最近学过的中国成语背后的故事。 模拟演练 Passage A 完形填空 记叙文 221 基于 “特洛伊木马” 神话，讲述希腊士兵藏于木马潜入城池，救出海伦并结束战争的经过。 Passage B 阅读理解 议论文 243 以 “塞翁失马” 为核心，阐述 “福祸相依” 哲理，强调面对顺逆需保持冷静与辩证思维。 Passage C 阅读理解 记叙文 204 讲述 “商鞅立木为信”，说明其以承诺赢民心、助秦国变强，凸显诚信的重要性。 Passage D 阅读理解 说明文 297 对比 “后羿射日” 与 “法厄同驾太阳车”，分析人类与自然的互动及背后的文化内涵。 Passage E 阅读匹配 应用文 252 给出 5 则历史人物小故事，要求匹配对应的孔子名言或哲理谚语。 名言谚语 1.Wisdom begins in wonder.——Plato 智慧始于好奇。—— 柏拉图 2.One eyewitness is better than ten hearsays. 百闻不如一见。 3.A stitch in time saves nine. 及时行事，事半功倍。 4.A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。 5.Knowledge speaks, but wisdom listens. 知识让人说话，智慧让人倾听。 6.Experience must be bought. 吃一堑，长一智。 7.One false move may lose the game.”一着不慎，满盘皆输。 8.Even Homer sometimes nods.智者千虑，必有一失。 9.A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。 10.Fortune favors those who use their judgement.机遇偏爱善断之人。 时文阅读 时文阅读 Passage A ①“Look in my eyes! Tell me why!” Have you found yourself listening to “ancient people” online recently? ②Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu “back to life”. In these videos, these well known ancient people speak in modern language, offering a fresh and interesting way for us to get to know them. ③In one video, Du Fu talks about his experience during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another, Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles, like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late. ④As you watch these videos, you can’t help but start to think—what do others think of these creative ways of making ancient people come alive? ⑤“The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people, such as Wen Zhengming and Tang Bohu. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. ⑥______. The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys (使恼怒) some people. “They’ re too pushy, which is different from how they really were,” explained 14-year-old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu. ⑦Xia Boen,14, from Hubei, felt the same. But he was surprised to find that he “remembered almost everything they said about their experiences and achievements” thanks to the speaking style in the videos. ⑧These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. However, “We should be careful with these videos, making sure they are not sharing false information.” noted Nanfang Daily. 1．The writer starts the passage by ______. A．asking a question B．telling a story C．making a comparison D．giving an example 2．Which sentence can be put in the ______? A．Everyone likes these creative videos B．Instead, some people felt disappointed C．This new style isn’t for everyone, however D．This is how ancient people actually talked 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．Ancient Poets Become Modern Stars B．AI Brings Ancient People to Life C．New Technology Changes History Learning D．AI Gives Wrong Ideas about Ancient Poets 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章介绍了视频博主通过AI技术让历史人物以现代语言“复活”的现象，列举了李白、杜甫等例子，并分析了观众的不同反应，最后提醒需警惕虚假信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Look in my eyes! Tell me why!”以及反问句“Have you found yourself…?”可知，作者以提问的方式开篇。故选A。 2．推理判断题。空缺处前文提到15岁的王佳怡对视频的积极评价，后文则提到14岁的王硕彤对这种说话方式感到恼怒，形成对比关系。C选项最能承上启下，表达“并非所有人都喜欢这种风格”。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。全文围绕“AI技术让历史人物以现代语言‘复活’”展开，列举了不同观众的反应和媒体评价。B选项最贴合主题。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段引入话题，是总述；第二段介绍视频博主正在使用人工智能技术让唐朝诗人李白和杜甫等历史名人“起死回生”，第三段是对第二段中的视频进行介绍；第四段和前面的第二段是并列，引出后文对“让古人复活的创造性方式”的看法；第五段到第七段是不同学生的看法；第八段是媒体评论。文章如C选项所示。故选C。 长难句解析① ①原句：In another, Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles, like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late. 译文：在另一个视频中，明朝医学专家李时珍取笑现代的生活方式，比如通过喝枸杞水来保持健康但仍然熬夜。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。In another是地点状语，可理解为“在另一个（视频中）”；Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen是主语；makes fun of是谓语动词短语，意为“取笑”；modern lifestyles是宾语；like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late是对modern lifestyles的举例说明，其中trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry water和staying up late是并列的动名词短语。 译文 ①“看着我的眼睛！告诉我为什么！”你最近有没有发现自己在网上听“古人”说话呢？ ②富有创意的视频博主正在利用人工智能技术让唐朝诗人李白和杜甫等历史名人“复活”。在这些视频中，这些著名的古人用现代语言交谈，为我们了解他们提供了一种新颖有趣的方式。 ③在一个视频中，杜甫讲述了他在安史之乱（755 - 763年）期间的经历。在另一个视频中，明朝医学家李时珍调侃现代的生活方式，比如喝枸杞水养生却依然熬夜。 ④当你观看这些视频时，你不禁会开始思考——其他人如何看待这些让古人“复活”的创意方式呢？ ⑤“这些视频让我想更多地了解古代名人，比如文徵明和唐伯虎。我以前对他们的故事了解不多。” 来自山东的15岁学生王佳怡说道。 ⑥然而，并非所有人都喜欢这种新风格。这些古人说话的方式，音调很高且总是问问题，让一些人感 到恼火。“他们太咄咄逼人了，这和他们真实的样子不一样。”来自江苏的14岁学生王硕彤解释道。 ⑦来自湖北的14岁学生夏博恩也有同感。但他惊讶地发现，由于视频中的说话风格，他“几乎记住了他们所说的关于自己经历和成就的所有内容”。 ⑧这些视频采用了更现代的方式让古人“为自己发声”。然而，《南方日报》指出：“我们应该谨慎对待这些视频，确保它们没有传播虚假信息。” 核心词汇归纳 ①AI n. 人工智能 ②technology n. 技术 ③vlogger n. 视频博主 ④ancient adj. 古代的 ⑤poet n. 诗人 ⑥medical adj. 医学的 ⑦expert n. 专家 ⑧rebellion n. 叛乱 ⑨lifestyle n. 生活方式 ⑩creative adj. 有创造力的 ⑪alive adj. 活着的 ⑫annoy v. 使恼怒 ⑬pushy adj. 固执己见的 ⑭achievements n. 成就 ⑮modern adj. 现代的 ⑯false adj. 虚假的 ⑰information n. 信息 ⑱example n. 例子 ⑲comparison n. 比较 ⑳structure n. 结构 Passage B （2025·山东潍坊·二模）Black Myth: Wukong, a Chinese video game, became a global hit when it came out on August 20, 2024. Within three days, it sold over 10 million copies, breaking records for Chinese-made games. Based on the Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game lets players become the “Destined One” (天命之人), a brave monkey who follows the legendary (传说中的) Monkey King’s footsteps and saves Monkey King from darkness. The game has amazed the players. However, many players, especially those from Western countries, find the game’s story and characters hard to understand because there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game, such as mythical creatures (神话人物), traditional Chinese music, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas from Journey to the West. To know furthermore, some Western players studied the novel Journey to the West deeply. For example, one fan wrote a summary of Sun Wukong’s magical powers in 100 chapters of the book. Through the game, players not only enjoy exciting adventures but also learn about Chinese culture. Patrick McCarthy, an American player, said, “Sun Wukong feels different from Western heroes like Spider-Man. He pays more attention to freedom and independence than following strict rules.” This shows that the game has started discussions about cultural differences. Black Myth: Wukong’s success tells us that traditional stories can find new life in modern media. It also shows that how video games can act as bridges between cultures. By mixing ancient stories with modern technology, the game invites the world to explore Chinese culture. 1．How has Black Myth: Wukong amazed the players according to the passage? A．By showing Chinese difficult culture. B．By making players the “Destined One”. C．By showing Chinese traditional stories. D．By mixing modern stories with new technology. 2．Why did Western fans study Journey to the West according to the passage? A．To learn skills in the novel. B．To find Monkey King’s path. C．To create new skills of the game. D．To help understand the game better. 3．What does Patrick McCarthy think of Sun Wukong? A．He is the same as Spider-Man. B．He likes following strict rules. C．He loves freedom more than rules. D．He finds a new life in modern media. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Black Myth: Wukong Hits the World B．Journey to the West Walks to the World C．Ancient Story Meets Modern Technology D．Chinese Culture Is Known around the World 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国游戏《黑神话：悟空》的成功及其文化意义，探讨了其如何通过融合中国传统文化与现代技术促进跨文化交流。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game, such as mythical creatures (神话人物), traditional Chinese music, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas from Journey to the West.”可知，游戏包含大量中国文化元素 (如神话、传统音乐、哲学思想)，这些元素可能让玩家感到震撼。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“To know furthermore, some Western players studied the novel Journey to the West deeply. For example, one fan wrote a summary of Sun Wukong’s magical powers in 100 chapters of the book.”可知，西方粉丝之所以学习《西游记》，是为了更深入理解游戏中的文化内容。故选D。 3．观点态度题。根据第三段“Patrick McCarthy, an American player, said, ‘Sun Wukong feels different from Western heroes like Spider-Man. He pays more attention to freedom and independence than following strict rules.’ This shows that the game has started discussions about cultural differences.”可知，他认为孙悟空更注重自由和独立，而非遵循严格规则。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了中国游戏《黑神话：悟空》的成功及其文化意义。故最佳标题为：《黑神话：悟空》：震撼世界。故选A。 长难句解析① ①原句：（第一段第二句）Based on the Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game lets players become the “Destined One” (天命之人), a brave monkey who follows the legendary (传说中的) Monkey King’s footsteps and saves Monkey King from darkness. 译文：基于中国小说《西游记》，这款游戏让玩家成为“天命之人”，一个勇敢的猴子，它追随传说中的美猴王的脚步，并将美猴王从黑暗中拯救出来。 分析：本句中Based on the Chinese novel Journey to the West是过去分词短语作状语；the game是主语，lets是谓语，players是宾语，become the “Destined One”是宾语补足语；a brave monkey是“Destined One”的同位语，who follows the legendary Monkey King’s footsteps and saves Monkey King from darkness是定语从句，修饰先行词a brave monkey，其中who在从句中作主语，follows和saves是并列的谓语动词。 长难句解析① ①原句：（第二段第二句）However, many players, especially those from Western countries, find the game’s story and characters hard to understand because there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game, such as mythical creatures (神话人物), traditional Chinese music, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas from Journey to the West. 译文：许多玩家，尤其是来自西方国家的那些玩家，发现游戏的故事和角色很难理解，因为游戏中有很多关于中国文化的内容，比如神话人物、中国传统音乐以及来自《西游记》的哲学思想。 分析：本句中Many players是主语，find是谓语，the game’s story and characters是宾语，hard to understand是宾语补足语；especially those from Western countries是插入语；because there’s so much about Chinese culture in the game是原因状语从句，such as mythical creatures, traditional Chinese music, and philosophical ideas from Journey to the West是对Chinese culture的举例说明。 译文 中国游戏《黑神话：悟空》于2024年8月20日发布后迅速在全球走红。短短三天内，其销量就突破了1000万份，打破了国产游戏的销售纪录。这款游戏以中国小说《西游记》为蓝本，玩家可以扮演“天命之人”——一只勇敢的猴子，追随传说中孙悟空的脚步，将其从黑暗中拯救出来。 这款游戏让玩家们惊叹不已。然而，许多玩家，尤其是来自西方国家的玩家，觉得游戏的故事和角色难以理解，因为游戏中融入了大量中国文化元素，比如神话人物、中国传统音乐以及《西游记》中的哲学思想。为了更好地了解游戏，一些西方玩家深入研究了小说《西游记》。例如，有一位粉丝梳理了原著100章中孙悟空的各种神通。 通过这款游戏，玩家不仅能体验到刺激的冒险，还能了解中国文化。美国玩家帕特里克·麦卡锡表示：“孙悟空和蜘蛛侠等西方英雄截然不同。相比遵守严格的规则，他更追求自由和独立。”这表明这款游戏引发了关于文化差异的讨论。 《黑神话：悟空》的成功告诉我们，传统故事能够在现代媒体中重获生机。它也证明了电子游戏能够成为文化交流的桥梁。通过将古老故事与现代技术相结合，这款游戏邀请全世界一同探索中国文化。 核心词汇归纳 ①video game n. 电子游戏 ②global adj. 全球的 ③hit n. 热门事物；成功 ④copy n. 副本；拷贝；一份 ⑤novel n. 小说 ⑥legendary adj. 传说的；传奇的 ⑦amaze v. 使惊奇；使惊愕 ⑧mythical adj. 神话的；虚构的 ⑨creature n. 生物；人物 ⑩philosophical adj. 哲学的 ⑪summary n. 总结；概要 ⑫adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 ⑬freedom n. 自由 ⑭independence n. 独立 ⑮rule n. 规则；规章 ⑯discussion n. 讨论；议论 ⑰cultural adj. 文化的 ⑱traditional adj. 传统的 ⑲media n. 媒体 ⑳bridge n. 桥梁 实战演练 真题示例 Passage A （2024年湖北省中考英语真题） So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e 1. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission. _______. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．What do we know about Chang’e 1 according to the passage? A．It protects the Jade Rabbit. B．It moves around the moon. C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 2．What does the underlined word “inspired” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Encouraged. B．Explained. C．Regretted. D．Suggested. 3．Which of the following can be put in “_______” in Paragraph 4? A．Space scientists get the ideas from telling old stories when naming satellites. B．By introducing popular inventions, we can know more about space technology. C．Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. D．To explain how Chang’e works in space, we will show you some famous stories. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1    ②= Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To spread the traditional Chinese culture to the whole world. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过“嫦娥”、“玉兔”、“夸父”以及“墨子”等案例，说明中国航天科技命名深受古代神话和名人的启迪，体现了传统文化对现代科技的影响与传承。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I.”可知，“嫦娥一号”人造卫星绕月飞行。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第一段“Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，太空科学家在为这些人物命名时，深受那些古老传说和古代名人故事的启发；据此可以推断，划线单词“inspire”的意思是“启发；激励”，与“encouraged”同义。故选A。 3．推理判断题。第二、三段介绍“古代神话故事”的影响 (嫦娥、夸父)，第四段转向“古代名人”(墨子) 的例子，所以此处需承上启下，引出“历史人物”这一角度；选项C“除了那些古老的传说之外，太空科学家们还从古代的著名人物身上获取灵感。”符合语境。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述“航天命名受传统文化启发”；第二段和第三段举例“古代神话故事”的影响，第四段举例“古代名人”的影响；第五段总结传统文化对科技的影响；因此，本文属于“总——分——总”结构，选项A结构图符合题意。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据第五段“we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology”可知，本文围绕“航天命名与传统文化的关联”展开，通过多个案例说明传统文化对航天科学的影响。故选D。 长难句解析① ①原句：（第一段第二句）Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. 译文：太空科学家在给卫星和宇宙飞船命名时，深受古老故事和古代名人的启发。 分析：分析：本句是现在完成时的被动语态。Space scientists是主语，have been inspired是谓语，by the old stories and ancient famous people是动作的执行者。when giving them names是时间状语从句的省略形式。 译文 到目前为止，中国已成功地将大量卫星和宇宙飞船送入太空。航天科学家在为它们命名时，深受古老故事和古代名人的启发。 几千年前，中国人就梦想着登上月球。《嫦娥奔月》是最受欢迎的故事之一。如你所见，中国第一颗绕月飞行的人造卫星被命名为“嫦娥一号”。更有趣的是，月球巡视器被命名为“玉兔”，它是故事中嫦娥的伙伴。这些古老的故事承载着人们最美好的祝愿和梦想。随着科技的发展，我们的科学家让它们变成了现实。 《夸父逐日》是另一个展现中国古代人多么渴望了解未知世界的故事。现在，“夸父”正和科学家们一起去“探访”太阳，因为我们有一个名为“夸父计划”的太空项目。 除了古代故事，航天科学家还从古代名人那里获得灵感。例如，古代科学家墨子在2000多年前就发现了光沿直线传播。他的这一发现使当时的太空研究向前迈进了一大步。因此，中国第一颗量子科学卫星被命名为“墨子号”，这也让中国成为世界上首个实现卫星与地面之间量子通信的国家。 从给卫星命名这样简单的事情中，我们可以看出我们的传统文化是多么伟大，以及它对我们现代科技产生了怎样的影响。 核心词汇归纳 ①successfully adv. 成功地 ②send v. 发送；发射 ③satellite n. 卫星 ④spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 ⑤inspire v. 启发；激励 ⑥dream v. 梦想 ⑦circle v. 环绕；盘旋 ⑧moon rover 月球巡视器 ⑨Jade Rabbit 玉兔 ⑩carry v. 承载 ⑪wish n. 愿望 ⑫come true 实现 ⑬unknown adj. 未知的 ⑭mission n. 任务 ⑮discover v. 发现 ⑯light n. 光 ⑰travel v. 传播 ⑱quantum adj. 量子的 ⑲traditional adj. 传统的 ⑳influence n. 影响 Passage B （2024年江苏省盐城市中考英语真题） At present, many foreigners show great interest in learning Chinese idioms (成语). Terry and Kate are among them. Most Chinese idioms have four characters. For example,qingchuyulan(bluer than indigo), and houjibofa(success comes with time and effort). Terry and Kate are now reading stories behind the Chinese idioms they have learnt recently. In the Spring and Autumn period, Duke Huan of Qi led his army to help the State of Yan fight the enemies. They set out in spring. However, when they won the war and went back home, winter began. Everything in the mountain was covered with snow. They walked and walked only to find they came back to the same place. The army felt hungry and cold. At that time, the minister Guan Zhong picked out some old horses and set them free. The horses started to walk by themselves. The army followed the old horses. Soon, they found their way and walked out of the mountains. In the Spring and Autumn period, the State of Wu and the State of Yue didn’t get along well. They were fighting for years. People in each state didn’t have a good relationship, either. One day, the people of Wu and Yue happened to be on the same boat to cross a river. When the boat was in the center of the river, a strong wind came. It seemed the boat would turn over anytime. Just then, they forget all the hatred between the two states and began to help and support each other just like they were family. In the end, they safely got to the river bank. 1．Which of the following best describes the first story? A．B．C． D． 2．What is the second story mainly about? A．Going travelling on horses together. B．Going through difficulties together. C．Trying to finish tasks on one’s own. D．Putting all hearts into making boats. 3．Which is a similar point of the two stories? A．They happened on sunny days. B．They happened in big mountains. C．The people got success in the end. D．The people got help from animals. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了特里和凯特最近学过的中国成语背后的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据“As that time, the minister Guan Zhong picked out some old horses and set them free. The horses started to walk by themselves. The army followed the old horses. Soon, they found their way and walked out of the mountains.”可知，他们放了马匹，让马匹来引路，他们才能走出山，D图片符合，故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Just then, they forget all the hatred between the two states and began to help and support each other just like they were family.”可知，在面对困难时，放下彼此的恩怨，一起渡过难关，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Soon, they found their way and walked out of the mountains.”以及“In the end, they safely got to the river bank”可知，共同点是最后人们都取得了胜利，故选C。 长难句解析① ①原句：（第一段第二句）Terry and Kate are now reading stories behind the Chinese idioms they have learnt recently. 译文：特里和凯特现在正在阅读他们最近学过的中文成语背后的故事。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。Terry and Kate是主语，are now reading是谓语，stories是宾语，behind the Chinese idioms是后置定语，修饰stories，they have learnt recently是定语从句，修饰先行词idioms，省略了关系代词that/which。 译文 目前，许多外国人对学习汉语成语表现出了极大的兴趣。特里和凯特就是其中的两位。大多数汉语成语由四个汉字组成。例如，“青出于蓝”（bluer than indigo）和“厚积薄发”（success comes with time and effort）。特里和凯特现在正在阅读他们最近所学汉语成语背后的故事。 春秋时期，齐桓公率领他的军队帮助燕国抗击敌人。他们在春天出发。然而，当他们打赢战争准备回家时，冬天到了。山上的一切都被雪覆盖了。他们走啊走，却发现又回到了原来的地方。军队又饿又冷。这时，大臣管仲挑出几匹老马，把它们放了出来。老马开始自行走动。军队跟着这些老马。很快，他们找到了出路，走出了大山。 春秋时期，吴国和越国关系不好。两国连年交战。两国的百姓关系也不融洽。有一天，吴国人和越国人碰巧同乘一条船过河。当船行到河中央时，刮起了大风。似乎船随时都会翻掉。就在这时，他们忘记了两国之间的所有仇恨，开始像一家人一样互相帮助、互相扶持。最后，他们安全地到达了河岸。 背景知识拓展 话题：中国成语故事及春秋时期历史 知识拓展： ①春秋时期概况：春秋时期（公元前770年 - 公元前476年）是中国历史东周前半期历史阶段，这一时期周王室势力衰微，诸侯争霸，先后出现了齐桓公、晋文公、楚庄王、吴王阖闾和越王勾践等霸主。 ②相关成语：第一个故事对应的成语是“老马识途”，比喻有经验的人对事情比较熟悉。第二个故事可引申出“同舟共济”，意思是坐一条船，共同渡河，比喻团结互助，同心协力，战胜困难。 ③春秋时期各国关系：春秋时期各诸侯国之间关系复杂多变，时而结盟，时而征战。像齐国帮助燕国、吴国和越国长期争斗等都是常见的国际关系表现。这种复杂的关系促进了当时政治、军事、文化等方面的交流与发展。 Passage A There was a huge war between Greece and Troy. Prince Paris from Troy stole away the Greek queen, Helen. The Greek soldiers sailed to Troy to 1 for their queen. The war outside Troy lasted for ten years. All the Greek soldiers 2 the war and wanted to return to their homes. Then the Greeks came up with a great idea to 3 the war. They built a huge wooden horse and put it in the middle of their encampment (营地). Next they pretended (假装) to sail away. In fact many 4 hid inside the wooden horse. When the Trojans found the Greeks give up their encampment, they went out to 5 . They needed to know if the war was really over. They walked through the encampment and 6 they saw the wooden horse. They could not decide 7 it was. Some Trojans decided to call a groups of soldiers to pull it 8 the city. A huge celebration started. Everybody drank and danced and then they all went to sleep. At that moment the wooden horse opened and the 9 Greek soldiers came out quietly. They killed the sleeping Trojans, saved 10 , met up with the rest of their army and set sail for home. 1．A．play B．capture C．fight D．work 2．A．looked forward to B．got tired of C．were excited about D．were worried about 3．A．end B．over C．celebrate D．give up 4．A．soldiers B．flowers C．tricks D．jokes 5．A．succeed B．laugh C．celebrate D．check 6．A．so far B．in the end C．since then D．except for 7．A．where B．how C．what D．which 8．A．into B．out of C．from D．through 9．A．stupid B．hidden C．quiet D．suddenly 10．A．the captain B．Prince Paris C．Queen Helen D．Greek soldiers 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了希腊士兵们从特洛伊人手上救他们的女王海伦的故事。 1．句意：希腊士兵乘船去特洛伊为他们的女王而战。 play玩；capture捕获；fight战斗；work工作。根据上文“Prince Paris from Troy stole away the Greek queen, Helen.”可知，特洛伊王子偷偷带走了希腊女王，希腊士兵乘船去特洛伊为他们的女王而战；fight for“为……而战”，动词短语。故选C。 2．句意：所有的希腊士兵都厌倦了战争，想要回家。 looked forward to期待；got tired of对……感到厌倦；were excited about对……感到兴奋；were worried about对……感到不安。根据“The war outside Troy lasted for ten years. All the Greek soldiers…the war and wanted to return to their homes.”可知，战争持续了十年，所有的希腊士兵都厌倦了战争，想要回家。故选B。 3．句意：然后希腊人想出了一个结束战争的好主意。 end结束；over越过；celebrate庆祝；give up放弃。根据上文“All the Greek soldiers…the war and wanted to return to their homes.”可知，希腊士兵想回家，想出了一个结束战争的好主意。故选A。 4．句意：事实上，许多士兵藏在木马里。 soldiers士兵；flowers花；tricks戏法；jokes笑话。根据“Next they pretended to sail away. In fact many…hid inside the wooden horse.”可知，希腊士兵假装扬帆远航，事实上，许多士兵藏在木马里。故选A。 5．句意：当特洛伊人发现希腊人放弃了他们的营地时，他们出去查看。 succeed成功；laugh嘲笑；celebrate庆祝；check检查。根据“When the Trojans found the Greeks give up their encampment, they went out to…They needed to know if the war was really over.”可知，特洛伊人发现希腊人放弃了他们的营地，他们出去查看，特洛伊人需要知道战争是否真的结束了。故选D。 6．句意：他们穿过营地，最后看到了木马。 so far到目前为止；in the end最后；since then自那时起；except for除了。根据“They walked through the encampment and…they saw the wooden horse.”可知，此处指特洛伊人穿过营地，最后看到了木马。故选B。 7．句意：他们无法决定它是什么。 where在哪里；how怎么样；what什么；which哪一个。根据“They could not decide…it was.”可知，此处指特洛伊人无法决定它是什么，应用what引导宾语从句。故选C。 8．句意：一些特洛伊人决定召集一队队士兵把它拉进城里。 into进入；out of由于；from来自；through穿过。根据“Some Trojans decided to call a groups of soldiers to pull it…the city.”可知，此处指一些特洛伊人决定召集一队队士兵把它拉进城里，应用介词into“进入”。故选A。 9．句意：就在这时，木马打开了，隐藏的希腊士兵悄悄地走了出来。 stupid愚蠢的；hidden隐藏的；quiet安静的；suddenly突然。根据上文“In fact many…hid inside the wooden horse.”可知，隐藏在木马里的希腊士兵悄悄地走了出来。故选B。 10．句意：他们杀死了沉睡的特洛伊人，救出了海伦女王，与其余的军队会合，然后起航回家。 the captain队长；Prince Paris帕里斯王子；Queen Helen海伦女王；Greek soldiers希腊士兵。根据上文“Prince Paris from Troy stole away the Greek queen, Helen. The Greek soldiers sailed to Troy to…for their queen.”可知，希腊士兵杀死了沉睡的特洛伊人，救出了海伦女王。故选C。 Passage B Do things in our daily life have anything to do with luck? Can good things turn into bad ones? Or can bad things turn into good ones? Many people always think so. In fact, there is no such thing as good luck or bad luck. The great thinker Liu An told the famous story of “The Old Man at the Fort”. An old man lived with his son and he had a horse, but one day he lost it. His neighbours came to comfort him. The old man asked, “How do you know it’s bad luck?” After several days, his horse returned with another good horse. His neighbours came again. They congratulated (祝贺) him on his good luck. The old man answered, “How do you know it is good luck?” Several days later, his son learnt to ride the horse. He fell off the horseback and broke his leg. How can this be a good thing? The next year, there was a war. The son didn’t have to go to the front because of his broken leg… Every coin has two sides. Just as the saying goes, “Good luck and bad luck rotate.” When you are lucky, you’d better keep calm, or you may get into trouble at last. When you are in danger or trouble, you should see it in a good way and you can turn it around with a strong will. You can return to this story whether you are in good luck or in trouble. No matter what you are going through, you should keep your mind cool, see things in another way, and think about the changes in things. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By offering advice. 2．How did the old man feel when he lost his horse? A．Angry. B．Calm. C．Bored. D．Worried. 3．What was the life of the son like during the war? A．He got more wild horses. B．He learnt to ride horses again. C．He helped his army. D．He lived at home with his father. 4．What does the underlined word “rotate” mean? A．Come in turn. B．Wait in line. C．Leave in order. D．Work in pairs. 5．What does the writer try to tell people in this passage? A．It’s good to meet more bad things than good ones. B．We have to find more happiness in everyday life. C．We should turn to others when meeting problems. D．Every cloud has a silver lining. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文通过塞翁失马的故事阐述了福祸相依，事物具有两面性的道理。 1．推理判断题。根据“Do things in our daily life have anything to do with luck? Can good things turn into bad ones? Or can bad things turn into good ones?”三个问句可知，作者是通过提问题的方式开始这篇文章的。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“An old man lived with his son and he had a horse, but one day he lost it. His neighbours came to comfort him. The old man asked, ‘How do you know it’s bad luck?’”可知，老人丢马后，面对邻居的安慰并未表现出愤怒、无聊或担忧，反而冷静地质疑“这怎么就确定是坏运气呢”，体现出冷静的态度。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The next year, there was a war. The son didn’t have to go to the front because of his broken leg…”可知，战争爆发时，儿子因腿伤无需上前线，结合前文“An old man lived with his son”可推断，儿子此时应是和父亲在家生活。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Every coin has two sides. Just as the saying goes, ‘Good luck and bad luck rotate.’”及后文对“好运时需冷静、困境中可扭转局面”的阐述可知，“rotate” 应体现“好运与坏运相互转化、交替出现”的含义。故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过讲述塞翁失马的故事告诉人们福祸相依，事物具有两面性的道理。故选D。 Passage C In ancient times, there was a man named Shang Yang in the state of Qin. The king respected him very much. One day, he came up with an idea to help promote (促进) the economic (经济的) development. But he was afraid that people would not believe him. He thought of an idea. One day, he had a 10-meter long pole (杆) at the south gate outside the city. Then he said, “If someone could take the pole to the north gate, I will give him 10 gold pieces.” Everyone was excited, but nobody wanted to have a try because they were afraid that Shang Yang wouldn’t give the gold to them after they did that. After seeing that, Shang Yang said, “If someone could do that, I will give him 50 gold pieces.” Hearing this, a man decided to have a try and he succeeded in taking the pole to the north gate. Shang Yang gave him 50 gold pieces just like he said before. Everyone believed Shang Yang because he kept his promise. In this way, Shang Yang achieved success. Soon the state of Qin became the strongest state at that time. 1．The first paragraph mainly tells us that ________. A．Shang Yang wanted to make people believe him B．Shang Yang was a respectable man C．the state of Qin was not strong then D．who Shang Yang was 2．Shang Yang put the pole ________. A．at the north gate outside the city B．at the north gate inside the city C．at the south gate outside the city D．at the south gate inside the city 3．Why did nobody want to have a try at first? A．Because they thought it would take them much time. B．Because they thought 10 gold pieces were not enough. C．Because they didn’t think they could do it. D．Because they didn’t think they could get the gold. 4．Shang Yang made people believe him by ________. A．keeping his promise B．helping the state of Qin become the strongest one at that time C．giving 10 gold pieces to a man D．telling everyone to believe him 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．A rich man is believable. B．We should do what we promise. C．Never give up trying. D．A strong country depends on a wise man. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过商鞅为推行变法、取信于民，在城门口立木悬赏，最终通过兑现承诺赢得百姓信任，助力秦国变强的故事，传达了“诚信是立身之本，信守承诺才能赢得他人信任，进而成就事业”的道理。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But he was afraid that people would not believe him. He thought of an idea.”可知，商鞅想推行经济发展的办法，但害怕人们不相信他，并为此想出了一个主意，所以第一段主要告诉我们商鞅想要让人们相信他。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“he had a 10-meter long pole at the south gate outside the city”可知，商鞅把那根木杆放在城外南门处。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“nobody wanted to have a try because they were afraid that Shang Yang wouldn’t give the gold to them”可知，人们担心做完事后商鞅不给赏金。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Everyone believed Shang Yang because he kept his promise.”可知，他通过“信守承诺”赢得了信任。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，故事核心是商鞅通过兑现承诺赢得信任，最终成功推行政策，传达了“要信守承诺”的道理。故选B。 Passage D A Chinese Myth (神话):Houyi and the Suns Long, long ago, there were ten sun birds. Every morning, one of them would rise from a resting place near the eastern sea and fly across the sky. But one day they decided to fly at the same time, which caused very serious and terrible results. Lakes and rivers dried up, and fires started. People and animals fell down because of the heat. The emperor requested help from Dijun, God of the Eastern Heaven and father of the sun birds. Dijun asked Houyi to deal with his sons. Houyi tried to beat the sun birds but they just laughed at him. So he shot and killed nine of the birds. The emperor ran to Houyi and stopped him, reminding him that if he shot the last bird, the world would be dark forever. Since then, there is only one sun in the world. Houyi became a hero, but he could not get back into heaven because of Dijun’s anger at him. A Greek Myth:Phaeton and the Sun Chariot (战车) Long ago, Phaeton, the son of a princess, was told that his father was Helios, the sun god. He went to see Helios. Helios said he would promise Phaeton a wish. Phaeton asked to drive Helios’s sun chariot for one day. The chariot was very hot; the horses were difficult to control and they breathed out hot fire. Helios tried but he could not make Phactor change his mind to challenge it. The next day, when Phaeton drove the chariot, it went too high at first, turning the world cold. Then it went too low, creating deserts and burns, harming human lives. In order to end the disaster, Zeus, king of the gods, finally knocked down Phaeton with a lightning bolt (霹雳). Helios, after losing the son, didn’t drive his chariot for a while and made the world dark in the daytime. This strange event is what we call a “solar eclipse”. 1．Why did the emperor stop Houyi from shooting the last sun bird? A．He planned to punish it himself. B．He was afraid of Houyi’s power. C．He wanted to protect the sun bird. D．He wanted to keep the world bright. 2．What does the underlined word it in the Greek Myth refer to? A．The fire. B．The sun chariot. C．The horse. D．The lightning bolt. 3．What is the hidden meaning of both myths? A．The courage to discover the unknown. B．The importance of family relationships. C．Humans’ strong wish to control nature. D．Parents’ power to protect their children. 4．Which of the following pictures can best show a “solar eclipse”? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要是介绍了一个中国神话和一个希腊神话，都讲述了太阳相关的灾难，探讨了人类与自然力量的关系。 1．推理判断题。根据“The emperor ran to Houyi and stopped him, reminding him that if he shot the last bird, the world would be dark forever.”可知，皇帝阻止后裔射下最后一个太阳鸟，目的是为了保持世界继续明亮。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Phaeton asked to drive Helios’s sun chariot for one day. The chariot was very hot; the horses were difficult to control and they breathed out hot fire. Helios tried but he could not make Phactor change his mind to challenge it.”可知，Phaeton的愿望是驾驶太阳战车，而Helios试图劝阻他挑战这一行为，故推出划线部分it指代的是“驾驶太阳战车”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，后羿射日反映了人类试图通过力量干预自然，解决十日并出的灾难，希腊神话Phaeton强行驾驶太阳战车导致灾难，体现了人类对自然力量的盲目掌控欲，故推出两者的共同点是“人类试图控制自然”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“made the world dark in the daytime. This strange event is what we call a ‘solar eclipse’.”及常识可知，“日食”是月亮遮挡太阳的现象，典型表现为太阳被黑色原形部分或完全遮盖，选项B中太阳被遮挡，符合“日食”现象。故选B。 Passage E Peter is very interested in reading stories of Kongzi recently. Please match the following classical stories with the most proper sayings of Kongzi. 1 Emperor Taizong of Tang took WeiZheng’s advice and he often said, “With copper as a mirror, you can correct your clothes, history as a mirror, you can know the ups and downs, and people as a mirror, you can see the gains and losses. ” 2 During the Three Kingdom Period, Zhuge Liang untied Meng Huo and fed him with wine and meat. Then he set Meng Huo free and told him to get ready to fight. 3 Einstein always spent years proving his theories right and he never drew a conclusion in a rush in case he would make the wrong decision. 4 Zengzi’s wife promised to kill the pig to make a meal for her son to comfort the crying kid. When she came back from the market, she saw that Zengzi tied up the pig and prepared to kill it. 5 Yu Liang raised a very fierce and bad tempered horse. So his servants advise him to sell the horse to others. But he refused and said, “if I sell it to others, they will also be in danger.” A．What you don’t want done to yourself, don’t do to others. B．Be trustworthy in word and resolute in action. C． Think twice before acting. D．There must be one out of three who can be your teacher. E. Return good for evil. F. All men are brothers. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几则小故事，以及谚语相关的选项。 1．根据“Emperor Taizong of Tang took WeiZheng’s advice and he often said, ‘With copper as a mirror, you can correct your clothes, history as a mirror, you can know the ups and downs, and people as a mirror, you can see the gains and losses.’”可知，此处讲的是魏征对唐太宗说的一段话，以民为镜可以明得失，以史为镜可以知兴替，选项D“三人行，必有我师焉。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“During the Three Kingdom Period, Zhuge Liang untied Meng Huo and fed him with wine and meat. Then he set Meng Huo free and told him to get ready to fight.”可知，小故事讲的是诸葛亮的七擒孟获的事，选项E“以德报怨”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Einstein always spent years proving his theories right and he never drew a conclusion in a rush in case he would make the wrong decision.”可知，爱因斯坦在下结论之前花费足够的时间验证，选项C“三思而后行。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Zengzi’s wife promised to kill the pig to make a meal for her son to comfort the crying kid. When she came back from the market, she saw that Zengzi tied up the pig and prepared to kill it.”可知，此处说的是曾子杀猪的故事，告诉我们要言而有信，选项B“言行一致，才值得信赖。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“Yu Liang raised a very fierce and bad tempered horse. So his servants advise him to sell the horse to others. But he refused and said, ‘if I sell it to others, they will also be in danger.’ ”可知，余良养了一头凶猛暴躁的马，但是拒绝把它卖掉，把危险给他人，选项A“己所不欲，勿施于人。”符合语境。故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $