Unit 4 Smart home 现在完成时（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版五四学制2024七年级上册

Unit 4 Smart home 现在完成时（单元核心语法精练） 类别 核心内容 基本概念 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 / 结果，或动作从过去持续到现在（可能继续）。 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词（V-ed） 否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ （回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has；No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't） have/has 选择 主语为第一、二人称（I/you/we/they）及复数名词 → have主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it）及单数名词 → has 常见标志词 1. 表 “已完成”：already（肯定句）、yet（否定 / 疑问句）、just、ever、never 2. 表 “持续”：for + 时间段（如 for 3 years）、since + 过去时间点 / 从句（如 since 2020/since he came） 3. 其他：recently、so far、in the past 3 years 核心用法 1. 动作影响：He has finished his homework.（现在不用做了） 2. 持续动作：We have lived here for 5 years.（现在还住这） 3. 经验总结：I have never been to Beijing.（至今未去过） 易错点提醒 1. 不可与过去时间状语（yesterday/last week/in 2019）连用 2. 瞬间动词（buy/borrow/die）不可与 for/since 连用，需替换为延续性动词（have/keep/be dead） 3. 区分 “现在完成时”（强调现在）与 “一般过去时”（仅表过去动作） 一、单项选择 1．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 2．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 3．—Hello, may I speak to Mr. Wang? —Oh, sorry! He ________ to Beijing. He will come back in two days. A．goes B．has been C．went D．has gone 4．Last night, the company launched its latest face recognition system. We ________ such advanced technology that can bring about a revolutionary change in user experience. A．have never expected B．never expected C．never expect D．are never expecting 5．—________ have you ________ the bike, Tom? —For three days. My parents bought it as my birthday gift. A．How soon; bought B．How soon; had C．How long; had D．How long; bought 6．—I see you’re doing great in your studies lately! —Thanks. Our school ________ new online tools. They make learning more fun and interactive. A．will introduce B．has introduced C．introduces D．introduced 7．— Lucy, would you please clean up the dining room? — Sandy ________ it up already. Maybe I can wash the dishes now. A．is cleaning B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．was cleaning 8．Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum ________ for about four years, but I ________ there. A．has opened; haven’t gone B．has been open; haven’t been C．has been open; haven’t gone D．has opened; haven’t been 9．—Where is Mary? —She ________ to Harbin. She won’t be back until next Monday. A．has been B．goes C．has gone D．went 10．My mum ________ Xiamen for work. So recently, I need to cook by myself. A．has been to B．has gone to C．have been to D．has been in 11．They ________ France for five years. He has been used to the life there. A．have been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have come in 12．Today I will meet my best friend. We ________ each other since I left school. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．won’t see D．didn’t see 13．My aunt is a writer. She________ more than ten books since 1980. A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．will write 14．It is almost seven years ________ we saw each other last time. A．before B．since C．until D．when 15．—Have you ________ been to our town before? —No, it's the first time I ________ here. A．ever; have come B．never; come C．ever; came D．never; came 16．— How long ________ you ________ this book? — For about one week. I ________ it from the library last Tuesday. A．have; kept; borrowed B．have; borrowed; kept C．do; keep; have borrowed D．will; keep; have borrowed 17．My brother ________ college for over three years. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has entered D．has been in 18．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 19．—_________ you decided which story to read? —No, I _________. A．Did; didn’t B．Have; didn’t C．Have; haven’t D．Did; haven’t 20．I ________ this book for three weeks. I have to return it now. A．borrow B．have borrowed C．have kept D．lent 21．My father ________ drive to his workplace, but now he has ________ riding a bike there to keep fit. A．used to; used to B．got used to; used to C．used to; got used to D．used to; get used to 22．Recently, there _______ a lot of discussion about climate change and its effects on the planet. A．is B．will be C．was D．has been 23．—Why not take a taxi home? It’s too far away from here. —Because I ________ all my money. A．spend B．have spent C．was spending D．am spending 24．The film “Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child” is so wonderful that I _________ it twice. A．watch B．watched C．will watch D．have watched 25．I ________ Red Star Over China (《红星照耀中国》) twice. It’s really an educational book. A．read B．will read C．have read D．am reading 26．—Would you like to watch the movie Harry Potter with me tonight? —Sorry, I ______ it many times. A．watch B．have watched C．will watch D．was watching 27．Many teachers here________to England for further study and I went there twenty years ago. A．went B．have been C．have gone D．go 28．—Tom, come and play soccer with us this afternoon. —I ________ my book report, maybe another time! A．don’t finish B．didn’t finish C．haven’t finished D．won’t finish 29．—Would you like something to drink? —No, thanks. I ________ some tea already. A．have drunk B．was drinking C．will drink D．drink 30．—Kangkang, do you know Mr. Green? —Yes, he ________ here since I was five years old. A．has come B．has been C．comes D．came 二、单词拼写 1．—Where’s Tommy? —He has (go) to the city library with friends. He’ll be back this afternoon. 2．Patrick nothing from his mother up to now. (hear) 3．We have the plan. But we still have different ideas. (discussion) 4．—Alex, did you find our old school last week? —Yes, but with much difficulty, for it (change) over these years. 5．I’m really sorry. I have (forget) your name. 6．So far, I (read) a lot of books about robots. 7．He (not finish) his homework yet. 8．—Is the little baby in the photo me, Dad? —Yes. Look at you. You (grow) into a young gentleman. How time flies! 9．My little sister was (bear) on a warm spring morning, and everyone in the family was happy. 10．The basketball team (win) the match twice. 三、完成句子 1．for, story, many, kids, has, years, the, excited, the (.) (连词成句) 2．He has lived in Beijing for three years.  (对划线部分提问) has he for three years? 3．The volunteers helped repair over ten bicycles last week. (用现在完成时改写) The volunteers helped repair over ten bicycles last week. 4．They fell in love with each other last year. (改为同义句) They each other a year. 5．The father bought this football shirt in 2023. (同义句转换) The father has this football shirt two years ago. 6．He left his hometown two years ago to study in college. (改为同义句) He has from his hometown for two years to study in college. 7．has  lot  over  the  town  the  years  a  changed (.) 8．Many volunteers have offered a lot of help to the community in the past ten years. (对划线部分提问) many volunteers offered to the community in the past ten years? 9．我已经在中国学习了三年。 I in China for three years. 10．做得好，孩子们！在过去的三年里，你们已经取得了很大的进步。 Well done, boys and girls! You’ve great in the last three years. 四、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 In the era of rapid technological development, people always want a handy and excellent helper. Last month, a useful helper called AIBI Pocket 1 . Starting from next week, this small and easy-to-use AI machine 2 the market.   There is a sensor (感应器) and three microphones inside AIBI. It hears clearly even in noisy places. Whenever you are near, it wakes up to greet you. AIBI loves playing with you. You can comfort it 3 touching its soft “fur”, “feed” it snacks with your voice, or chat about your day. One of AIBI’s main jobs is presenting weather changes. It uses clear and bright pictures 4 if it’s raining, snowing, or sunny. This makes 5 easy for you to plan what you’ll do in a day. Also, AIBI works as a clock and gives you timely reminders so that you can take your medicine at the right time. The 6 information is of great importance. As AIBI operates over time, it carefully learns your habits. This learning is like making a clear record about you. This helps it talk to you 7 than before. When two AIBIs happen to touch each other, something 8 happens. They can exchange information. Just like how humans share experiences when they meet, AIBIs share what they’ve collected. More than a toy, AIBI is 9 good friend that makes your life happier and more organized. 10 amazing it is to experience what AIBI Pocket can do! It brings together learning, fun, and useful tools, changing the way we use technology. 1．A．created B．is created C．was created 2．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 3．A．by B．with C．for 4．A．show B．to show C．showing 5．A．it B．that C．one 6．A．owner B．owner’s C．owners 7．A．clearly B．more clearly C．most clearly 8．A．interesting B．interested C．interest 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．What B．What an C．How 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today our school invites Dr Lu to give us a talk. He is a famous 1 (future). He talks about 2 life in fifty years. He says we will see robots working everywhere. We will have service robots. They will do all our housework. They will help save lives when disasters and 3 (emergency) happen. And some jobs today 4 (disappear) in the coming years. However, there will be more 5 (challenge) jobs in the future. Space pilots and AI 6 (expert) will be popular. Our 7 (create) and emotional intelligence are important for relationships. AI will not replace humans for these things. 8 AI will change the world in many ways. For example, smart refrigerators will understand our needs. When we are almost out 9 food, they will order it for us. So we must accept these changes. Keep learning and working hard. Today’s choices are sure 10 (influence) the future. 2 / 16 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Smart home 现在完成时（单元核心语法精练） 类别 核心内容 基本概念 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 / 结果，或动作从过去持续到现在（可能继续）。 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词（V-ed） 否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ （回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has；No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't） have/has 选择 主语为第一、二人称（I/you/we/they）及复数名词 → have主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it）及单数名词 → has 常见标志词 1. 表 “已完成”：already（肯定句）、yet（否定 / 疑问句）、just、ever、never 2. 表 “持续”：for + 时间段（如 for 3 years）、since + 过去时间点 / 从句（如 since 2020/since he came） 3. 其他：recently、so far、in the past 3 years 核心用法 1. 动作影响：He has finished his homework.（现在不用做了） 2. 持续动作：We have lived here for 5 years.（现在还住这） 3. 经验总结：I have never been to Beijing.（至今未去过） 易错点提醒 1. 不可与过去时间状语（yesterday/last week/in 2019）连用 2. 瞬间动词（buy/borrow/die）不可与 for/since 连用，需替换为延续性动词（have/keep/be dead） 3. 区分 “现在完成时”（强调现在）与 “一般过去时”（仅表过去动作） 一、单项选择 1．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过法国吗？——没有，从来没有。 考查副词。ever曾经，常与现在完成时连用，表示某个动作或状态是否曾经发生过；never从未。分析句子可知，第一空表示“曾经”；第二空表示“从未去过”。故选A。 2．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《哪吒2》真是令人惊喜！你看过了吗？——还没有。但是我计划这个周六晚上去电影院看。 考查现在完成时。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；just仅仅。根据“Have you...watched it?”可知，问句是含有ever的现在完成时的句子，表示“是否曾经做过某事？”，Not yet“还没有”是否定回答。故选B。 3．—Hello, may I speak to Mr. Wang? —Oh, sorry! He ________ to Beijing. He will come back in two days. A．goes B．has been C．went D．has gone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你好，我可以和王先生通话吗？——哦，抱歉！他去北京了。他两天后回来。 考查动词时态。根据“may I speak to Mr. Wang?”及“Oh, sorry!”可知，王先生去了北京；表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。has gone to去了某地，还未回来；has been to去了某地，已经回来。根据“He will come back in two days.”可知，王先生还未回来，故用has gone to。故选D。 4．Last night, the company launched its latest face recognition system. We ________ such advanced technology that can bring about a revolutionary change in user experience. A．have never expected B．never expected C．never expect D．are never expecting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨晚，该公司推出了最新的人脸识别系统。我们没预料到能有这样先进的技术——它能为用户体验带来革命性的改变。 考查现在完成时态。根据“Last night, the company launched its latest face recognition system.”可知，从昨晚最新的人脸识别系统的推出到现在，我们都“没有预料到”，现在完成时“have never expected”能体现“从过去到现在的持续状态”。故选A。 5．—________ have you ________ the bike, Tom? —For three days. My parents bought it as my birthday gift. A．How soon; bought B．How soon; had C．How long; had D．How long; bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你拥有这辆自行车多久了？——三天了。我父母买它作为我的生日礼物。 考查疑问词组和动词辨析。How soon多久以后；How long多长时间；bought是buy的过去分词，为短暂性动词；had是have的过去分词，为延续性动词。根据“—…have you…the bike, Tom? —For three days.”可知，这里需要一个表示时间段的疑问词组和一个可延续的动词，How long用于询问时长，had是延续性动词，符合语境，说明询问拥有自行车的时间长度。故选C。 6．—I see you’re doing great in your studies lately! —Thanks. Our school ________ new online tools. They make learning more fun and interactive. A．will introduce B．has introduced C．introduces D．introduced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我看你最近学习很好！——谢谢。我们学校引入了新的在线工具。它们使学习更加有趣和互动。 考查时态。根据“I see you’re doing great in your studies lately!”可知，学校引入新工具的动作已经完成，即工具已投入使用，且对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 7．— Lucy, would you please clean up the dining room? — Sandy ________ it up already. Maybe I can wash the dishes now. A．is cleaning B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．was cleaning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Lucy，你能打扫一下餐厅吗？——Sandy已经打扫过了。也许我现在可以洗碗了。 考查句子时态。is cleaning现在进行时；cleaned一般过去时；has cleaned现在完成时；was cleaning过去进行时。根据“already”可知，表示动作已经完成，并且强调该动作对现在的影响，此处用现在完成时have/has done；主语是Sandy，第三人称单数，用has cleaned。故选C。 8．Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum ________ for about four years, but I ________ there. A．has opened; haven’t gone B．has been open; haven’t been C．has been open; haven’t gone D．has opened; haven’t been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国扬州大运河博物馆已经开放大约四年了，但我还没去过那里。 考查现在完成时。根据“for about four years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且动词为延续性动词，open是短暂性动词，其延续性动词形式为be open，排除A、D选项；根据“but I…there”可知，此处指“我还没去过那里”，应用haven’t been to，副词there前不用介词。故选B。 9．—Where is Mary? —She ________ to Harbin. She won’t be back until next Monday. A．has been B．goes C．has gone D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Mary在哪？——她去了哈尔滨。直到下周一她才回来。 考查现在完成时及have/has been to和have/has gone to的区别。has been to+地点：去某地已回来；has gone to+地点：去某地还未回来。根据“Where is Mary?”可知Mary过去去了哈尔滨，并对现在造成影响，所以此处时态应用现在完成时，而由“She won’t be back until next Monday”可知Mary去了哈尔滨还未回来，故选C。 10．My mum ________ Xiamen for work. So recently, I need to cook by myself. A．has been to B．has gone to C．have been to D．has been in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈去厦门工作了。所以最近，我得自己做饭。 考查现在完成时相关短语辨析。has been to去过某地，主语为第三人称单数；has gone to去了某地，主语为第三人称单数；have been to去过某地，主语为第一、二人称或复数；has been in在某地待了一段时间。根据“So recently, I need to cook by myself.”可知，妈妈当前不在家，是“去了厦门还没回来”，且主语“My mum”为第三人称单数，故选B。 11．They ________ France for five years. He has been used to the life there. A．have been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have come in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们在法国已经待了五年了。他已经习惯了那里的生活。 考查现在完成时的用法。have been in表示“在某地待了多久”，是延续性的；have been to表示“去过某地（已回来）”；have gone to表示“去了某地（未回来）”；have come in已经进来，短暂动词。根据“They...France for five years. He has been used to the life there.”可知，“for five years”是一段时间，常与延续性动词连用。这里需要表示“在法国待了五年”，所以用“have been in”。故选A。 12．Today I will meet my best friend. We ________ each other since I left school. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．won’t see D．didn’t see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天我将会见我的好朋友。自从我离开学校后，我们就没见过面。 考查现在完成时。根据“since I left school”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，强调对现在的影响（至今未见面），需用现在完成时，结构have/has done。故选B。 13．My aunt is a writer. She________ more than ten books since 1980. A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．will write 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的姑姑是个作家。自1980年以来，她已经写了十多本书。 考查动词时态。根据“since 1980”可知要用现在完成时，其结构为has/have done。故选C。 14．It is almost seven years ________ we saw each other last time. A．before B．since C．until D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我们上次见面以来，差不多有七年了。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；since自从；until直到；when当……时。根据“It is almost seven years”可知，此处是“It is+一段时间+since从句”的句型，表示“自从……已经多长时间了”，所以应该用since。故选B。 15．—Have you ________ been to our town before? —No, it's the first time I ________ here. A．ever; have come B．never; come C．ever; came D．never; came 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你以前来过我们镇吗?——不，这是我第一次来这里。 考查副词辨析和时态，ever曾经； never从未，决不；come来。观察句子，问句是现在完成时，结合句意应该是问“你以前来过我们镇吗”可知用ever；第二空根据：it's the first time +从句，从句用现在完成时，故选A。 16．— How long ________ you ________ this book? — For about one week. I ________ it from the library last Tuesday. A．have; kept; borrowed B．have; borrowed; kept C．do; keep; have borrowed D．will; keep; have borrowed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这本书你借了多长时间？——大概一周了，上个星期二我从图书馆借的。 考查动词时态。根据“For about one week”可知，问句是现在完成时，borrow“借”，非延续动词，不能和表示一段的时间连用，需要把它转化keep；根据“last Tuesday”可知，第二个空用一般过去时，故选A。 17．My brother ________ college for over three years. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has entered D．has been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的哥哥在大学已经超过三年了。 考查词语辨析。has gone to后接地点，表示去了某地未回来；has been to后接地点，表示去某地已经回来；has entered进入，enter为非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用；has been in后接地点，表示在某地持续的状态，与时间段连用。根据“for over three years”为时间段及语境可知应是持续在大学上学三年多，故选D。 18．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：林先生办公室的灯还亮着。恐怕他还没有完成工作。 考查现在完成时。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office.”可知，林先生办公室的灯还亮着，说明他的工作应该还没有完成，句子应用现在完成时。故选C。 19．—_________ you decided which story to read? —No, I _________. A．Did; didn’t B．Have; didn’t C．Have; haven’t D．Did; haven’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你已经决定读哪个故事了吗？——不，我还没有。 考查现在完成时和一般疑问句。根据“…you decided which story to read?”可知，动作从过去开始持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语是you，第一空应用Have；根据“No, I”可知，此处作否定回答，应表达为“No, I haven’t”。故选C。 20．I ________ this book for three weeks. I have to return it now. A．borrow B．have borrowed C．have kept D．lent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经借了这本书三周了。现在我得把它还回去。 考查现在完成时。borrow借入；have borrowed已经借了，现在完成时；have kept持有，现在完成时；lent借出。根据“for three weeks”可知，动作持续了三周。当表达“动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并可能继续”时，应使用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。borrow和 lent是瞬间动词（表示短暂、一次性动作），不能与表示一段时间的“for + 时间段”连用。故选C。 21．My father ________ drive to his workplace, but now he has ________ riding a bike there to keep fit. A．used to; used to B．got used to; used to C．used to; got used to D．used to; get used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父亲过去常常开车去上班，但现在他已经习惯了骑自行车去那里以保持身体健康。 考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。根据“but now…”可知，but表转折，此处指过去和现在上班方式的对比，过去常开车上班，现在习惯骑自行车上班。第一空用used to do，第二空用get used to doing，结合第二空前的“has”可知，此处是现在完成时，get用其过去分词形式。故选C。 22．Recently, there _______ a lot of discussion about climate change and its effects on the planet. A．is B．will be C．was D．has been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：最近，关于气候变化及其对地球的影响有很多讨论。 考查时态。 根据“Recently”可知，此处用现在完成时has been。故选D。 23．—Why not take a taxi home? It’s too far away from here. —Because I ________ all my money. A．spend B．have spent C．was spending D．am spending 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为什么不打车回家？这里离你家太远了。——因为我已经花光了所有的钱。 考查现在完成时。根据语境可知，回答者表示“已经花光钱”对现在造成的影响是“无法打车”，强调过去动作对现在的影响，需用现在完成时（have spent）。故选B。 24．The film “Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child” is so wonderful that I _________ it twice. A．watch B．watched C．will watch D．have watched 【答案】D 【详解】句意：电影《哪吒：魔童降世》太精彩了，我已经看了两遍了。 考查动词时态。根据“it twice.”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选D。 25．I ________ Red Star Over China (《红星照耀中国》) twice. It’s really an educational book. A．read B．will read C．have read D．am reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经读过两遍《红星照耀中国》了。它真是一本有教育意义的书。 考查动词的时态。根据“I...Red Star Over China (《红星照耀中国》) twice. It’s really an educational book.”可知，动作已完成且强调对现在的影响，即认为这本书很有教育意义，需用现在完成时，即“have/has+过去分词”的结构。故选C。 26．—Would you like to watch the movie Harry Potter with me tonight? —Sorry, I ______ it many times. A．watch B．have watched C．will watch D．was watching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今晚你愿意和我一起去看电影《哈利·波特》吗?——对不起，我已经看过很多次了。 考查动词时态。watch欣赏。根据“many times”很多次，表示我已经看过很多次了，现在不想看了，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，故选B。 27．Many teachers here________to England for further study and I went there twenty years ago. A．went B．have been C．have gone D．go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里很多老师都去过英国深造，我20年前也去过。 考查动词时态。went去，go的过去式；have been去过；have gone去了；go去，动词原形。根据“I went there twenty years ago.”可知，这里的许多老师已经去过英国，用现在完成时，故选B。 28．—Tom, come and play soccer with us this afternoon. —I ________ my book report, maybe another time! A．don’t finish B．didn’t finish C．haven’t finished D．won’t finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，今天下午来和我们一起踢足球吧。——我还没写完读书笔记，也许下次吧！ 考查动词时态。根据后句“maybe another time!”的语境，空处表示过去已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done；否定形式在助动词have/has后加not；finish的过去分词是finished。故选C。 29．—Would you like something to drink? —No, thanks. I ________ some tea already. A．have drunk B．was drinking C．will drink D．drink 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你想喝点什么吗？——不用了，谢谢。我已经喝茶了。 考查动词时态。根据前文语境和句中“already”的提示可知，句子应用现在完成时。构成形式为：have/has done；主语“I”是第一人称单数形式，助动词应用have；drink的过去分词是drunk。故选A。 30．—Kangkang, do you know Mr. Green? —Yes, he ________ here since I was five years old. A．has come B．has been C．comes D．came 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——康康，你认识格林先生吗？——是的，自从我五岁他就来这里了。 考查动词的时态。根据“since I was five years old”可知此句应用现在完成时“主语+have/has+动词的过去分词”，排除选项C和D；“since I was five years old”表示一段时间，与一段时间连用，瞬间动词“come”需变为延续性动词“be”。故选B。 二、单词拼写 1．—Where’s Tommy? —He has (go) to the city library with friends. He’ll be back this afternoon. 【答案】gone 【详解】句意：——Tommy在哪里？——他已经和朋友们去了市图书馆。他今天下午会回来。根据“He has...to the city library with friends.”可知，此处表示“去了某地还没回来”，用have/has gone to的结构，所以空处应填go的过去分词gone。故填gone。 2．Patrick nothing from his mother up to now. (hear) 【答案】has heard 【详解】句意：到目前为止，帕特里克还没有收到他妈妈的任何消息。根据“Patrick… nothing from his mother up to now.”和提示词可知，up to now“到目前为止”，该句子应是现在完成时，其谓语结构应是have/has done，主语是Patrick，助动词应用has，动词hear的过去分词为heard。故填has heard。 3．We have the plan. But we still have different ideas. (discussion) 【答案】discussed 【详解】句意：我们已经讨论了这个计划。但我们仍然有不同的想法。“have+过去分词”构成现在完成时，“discussion”是名词，其动词形式“discuss”的过去分词是“discussed”，在句中作谓语，体现“讨论”这个动作已经完成。故填discussed。 4．—Alex, did you find our old school last week? —Yes, but with much difficulty, for it (change) over these years. 【答案】has changed 【详解】句意：——Alex，你上周找到我们的母校了吗？——是的，但很困难，因为这些年它变化很大。根据“over these years”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为“it”，用has changed。故填has changed。 5．I’m really sorry. I have (forget) your name. 【答案】forgotten 【详解】句意：我很抱歉。我忘了你的名字。根据“I have...your name.”可知，时态为现在完成时，此处用过去分词，forget的过去分词是forgotten。故填forgotten。 6．So far, I (read) a lot of books about robots. 【答案】have read 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我已经读了很多关于机器人的书。“so far”意思是“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”；本句主语是“I”，所以用“have”，“read”的过去分词形式还是“read”。故填have read。 7．He (not finish) his homework yet. 【答案】hasn’t finished 【详解】句意：他还没做完作业．根据“yet”及所给词汇可知，此处用现在完成时的否定形式haven’t/hasn’t done，主语“He”是第三人称单数，谓语用单数形式，finish的过去分词是finished，故填hasn’t finished。            8．—Is the little baby in the photo me, Dad? —Yes. Look at you. You (grow) into a young gentleman. How time flies! 【答案】have grown 【详解】句意：——爸爸，照片里的小婴儿是我吗？——是的。看看你。你已经长成一个年轻绅士了。时间过得真快呀！题干强调从过去到现在成长为年轻绅士这个动作的完成，要用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语是You，用have，grow的过去分词是grown。故填have grown。 9．My little sister was (bear) on a warm spring morning, and everyone in the family was happy. 【答案】born 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹出生在一个温暖的春天的早晨，家里的每个人都很开心。bear“生育（孩子）”，动词，此处是固定表达be born“出生于”，bear应用过去分词born。故填born。 10．The basketball team (win) the match twice. 【答案】has won 【详解】句意：这支篮球队已经两次赢得比赛了。根据“twice”可知，此处表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，时态应用现在完成时，其结构是：have/has+动词过去分词；主语“The basketball team”是单数，所以应用助动词has，win的过去分词是won。故填has won。 三、完成句子 1．for, story, many, kids, has, years, the, excited, the (.) (连词成句) 【答案】The story has excited the kids for many years. 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为陈述句，the story“这个故事”，句首首字母大写；has excited，谓语；the kids“孩子们”；for many years“多年来”。故填The story has excited the kids for many years.“这个故事多年来一直让孩子们感到兴奋。” 2．He has lived in Beijing for three years.  (对划线部分提问) has he for three years? 【答案】 Where lived 【详解】句意：他已经在北京住了三年了。句子划线部分“in Beijing”表示地点，对地点提问应用where，置于句首，首字母要大写；原句为现在完成时 (has lived)，提问时需将助动词“has”置于疑问词和主语“he”之间，同时保留谓语动词的过去分词“lived”，其余成分不变。故填 Where；lived。 3．The volunteers helped repair over ten bicycles last week. (用现在完成时改写) The volunteers helped repair over ten bicycles last week. 【答案】 have since 【详解】句意：志愿者们上周帮助修复了超过十辆自行车。要求改为现在完成时，则表示为“自从上周以来，志愿者们已经帮助修复了超过十辆自行车”，用since+时间点，表示“自从……以来”，现在完成时结构为have/has done，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have；since。 4．They fell in love with each other last year. (改为同义句) They each other a year. 【答案】 have been in love with for 【详解】句意：他们去年相爱了。原句使用一般过去时表示过去发生的动作，改为同义句时可使用现在完成时，强调从去年开始相爱并持续到现在。“fell in love with”可替换为“have been in love with”，“last year”对应的时间段需改为“for a year”（表示持续一年）。故填have；been；in；love；with；for。 5．The father bought this football shirt in 2023. (同义句转换) The father has this football shirt two years ago. 【答案】 had since 【详解】句意：这位父亲在2023年买了这件足球衫。根据“The father bought this football shirt in 2023.”可知，本句是一般过去时态，强调“2023 年买足球衫”这个过去的动作，同义句需转换为现在完成时态，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，“buy”需替换为延续性动词“have”，其过去分词为“had”；“two years ago”是过去时间点，现在完成时中表示“从过去某时间点持续到现在”需用“since”，表示“自从”。故填had；since。 6．He left his hometown two years ago to study in college. (改为同义句) He has from his hometown for two years to study in college. 【答案】 been away 【详解】句意：他两年前离开家乡去上大学。根据“for two years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，left是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，应该改为其延续性动词be away。现在完成时态的结构是“have/has done”，be的过去分词是been。故填been；away。 7．has  lot  over  the  town  the  years  a  changed (.) 【答案】The town has changed a lot over the years 【详解】结合所给单词及标点符号可知，该句为陈述句，时态为现在完成时。the town“这个小镇”，作主语，首字母大写；has changed a lot“已经改变了许多”；over the years“这些年”，介词短语作时间状语。故填The town has changed a lot over the years“这些年来，这个小镇变化很大”。 8．Many volunteers have offered a lot of help to the community in the past ten years. (对划线部分提问) many volunteers offered to the community in the past ten years? 【答案】 What have 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，许多志愿者为社区提供了很多帮助。划线部分是对事物提问，用疑问词what，此处是特殊疑问句，谓语现在完成时，主语many volunteers是复数形式，因此助动词用have。故填What；have。 9．我已经在中国学习了三年。 I in China for three years. 【答案】 have studied 【详解】分析中英文可知，空处表示“已经……学习……”，“学习”study，结合汉语和“for three years”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是I，所以助动词用have，后跟动词的过去分词。故填have；studied。 10．做得好，孩子们！在过去的三年里，你们已经取得了很大的进步。 Well done, boys and girls! You’ve great in the last three years. 【答案】 made progress 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，make great progress表示“取得很大进步”。根据“You’ve”可知，此句是现在完成时，动词make用过去分词made。故填made；progress。 四、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 In the era of rapid technological development, people always want a handy and excellent helper. Last month, a useful helper called AIBI Pocket 1 . Starting from next week, this small and easy-to-use AI machine 2 the market.   There is a sensor (感应器) and three microphones inside AIBI. It hears clearly even in noisy places. Whenever you are near, it wakes up to greet you. AIBI loves playing with you. You can comfort it 3 touching its soft “fur”, “feed” it snacks with your voice, or chat about your day. One of AIBI’s main jobs is presenting weather changes. It uses clear and bright pictures 4 if it’s raining, snowing, or sunny. This makes 5 easy for you to plan what you’ll do in a day. Also, AIBI works as a clock and gives you timely reminders so that you can take your medicine at the right time. The 6 information is of great importance. As AIBI operates over time, it carefully learns your habits. This learning is like making a clear record about you. This helps it talk to you 7 than before. When two AIBIs happen to touch each other, something 8 happens. They can exchange information. Just like how humans share experiences when they meet, AIBIs share what they’ve collected. More than a toy, AIBI is 9 good friend that makes your life happier and more organized. 10 amazing it is to experience what AIBI Pocket can do! It brings together learning, fun, and useful tools, changing the way we use technology. 1．A．created B．is created C．was created 2．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 3．A．by B．with C．for 4．A．show B．to show C．showing 5．A．it B．that C．one 6．A．owner B．owner’s C．owners 7．A．clearly B．more clearly C．most clearly 8．A．interesting B．interested C．interest 9．A．a B．an C．the 10．A．What B．What an C．How 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了一款名为AIBI Pocket的智能助手的功能和特点，包括其交互方式、天气展示、提醒功能和学习能力等。 1．句意：上个月，一款名为AIBI Pocket的实用助手诞生了。 created创造（过去式 ）；is created被创造（一般现在时的被动语态 ）；was created被创造（一般过去时的被动语态 ）。根据“Last month”可知时态是一般过去时，“AI助手AIBI Pocket”是被创造，要用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were+过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用“was created”。故选C。 2．句意：从下周开始，这款小巧易用的人工智能机器将进入市场。 hit进入（市场等 ），撞击；hits进入（市场等 ），撞击（第三人称单数形式 ）；will hit将进入（市场等 ），将撞击（一般将来时 ）。根据“Starting from next week”可知时态是一般将来时，一般将来时可以用“will+动词原形”表示，这里“hit the market”是“进入市场”的意思。故选C。 3．句意：你可以通过触摸它柔软的“皮毛”、用声音“投喂”它零食，或者和它聊天来安慰它。 by通过（某种方式 ）；with和……一起，用；for为了，给。根据“You can comfort it ... touching its soft ‘fur’”可知，这里表示“通过触摸它柔软的‘皮毛’来安慰它” ，“by”有“通过（某种方式）”的意思 ，符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：它会用清晰明亮的图片来展示是下雨、下雪还是晴天。 show展示；to show为了展示（动词不定式表目的 ）；showing展示（动名词形式 ）。根据“It uses clear and bright pictures ... if it’s raining, snowing, or sunny.”可知，“It uses clear and bright pictures”后面接动词不定式“to show”表目的，即“用清晰明亮的图片来展示……”。故选B。 5．句意：这让你很容易规划一天的活动。 it它；that那个；one一个。根据“This makes ... easy for you to plan what you’ll do in a day.”可知，这里是“make it+形容词+to do sth.”结构，“it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“to plan what you’ll do in a day”。故选A。 6．句意：主人的信息也很重要。 owner主人；owner’s主人的（名词所有格 ）；owners主人（复数 ）。根据“The ... information is of great importance.”可知，这里表示“主人的信息很重要”，要用名词所有格形式“owner’s”。故选B。 7．句意：这有助于它比以前更清晰地和你交谈。 clearly清晰地；more clearly更清晰地（比较级 ）；most clearly最清晰地（最高级 ）。根据“than before”可知要用比较级，“clearly”的比较级是“more clearly” ，表示“比以前更清楚地和你交谈”。故选B。 8．句意：当两个AIBI相遇时，会发生一些有趣的事情。 interesting有趣的（修饰物 ）；interested感兴趣的（修饰人 ）；interest兴趣，使感兴趣（名词/动词 ）。根据“When two AIBIs happen to touch each other, something ... happens.”可知，“something”是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词要后置，这里表示“有趣的事情”，用形容词“interesting”。故选A。 9．句意：AIBI不止是一个玩具，是一个好朋友，让你的生活更快乐、更有条理。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头单词前 ）；an一个（用于元音音素开头单词前 ）；the这个，那个（定冠词，表特指 ）。根据“More than a toy, AIBI is ... good friend that makes your life happier and more organized.”可知，“good friend”是泛指，且“good”发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”。故选A。 10．句意：体验AIBI Pocket能做的事情是多么令人惊叹啊！ What多么（引导感叹句，后接名词短语 ）；What an多么一个（用于元音音素开头单词前的名词短语 ）；How多么（引导感叹句，后接形容词或副词 ）。根据“ ... amazing it is to experience what AIBI Pocket can do!”可知，这是感叹句，感叹句结构有“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！” 和“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”，这里“amazing”是形容词，“it”是主语，“is”是谓语，所以用“How”。故选C。 五、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today our school invites Dr Lu to give us a talk. He is a famous 1 (future). He talks about 2 life in fifty years. He says we will see robots working everywhere. We will have service robots. They will do all our housework. They will help save lives when disasters and 3 (emergency) happen. And some jobs today 4 (disappear) in the coming years. However, there will be more 5 (challenge) jobs in the future. Space pilots and AI 6 (expert) will be popular. Our 7 (create) and emotional intelligence are important for relationships. AI will not replace humans for these things. 8 AI will change the world in many ways. For example, smart refrigerators will understand our needs. When we are almost out 9 food, they will order it for us. So we must accept these changes. Keep learning and working hard. Today’s choices are sure 10 (influence) the future. 【答案】 1．futurist 2．the 3．emergencies 4．will disappear 5．challenging 6．experts 7．creativity 8．But 9．of 10．to influence 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Dr Lu对未来生活的预测，包括机器人、人工智能的发展以及人类需要如何应对这些变化。 1．句意：他是一位著名的未来学家。此处需要表示职业的名词，且由a修饰单数名词。“未来学家”futurist符合语境。故填futurist。 2．句意：他谈论五十年后的生活。由in fifty years修饰名词life，此处表示特指，用the。故填the。 3．句意：灾难和紧急情况发生时，它们会帮助拯救生命。与disasters并列，需名词复数形式，表示多次紧急情况。故填emergencies。 4．句意：如今的一些工作在未来几年会消失。根据时间状语in the coming years可知用一般将来时will do结构。故填will disappear。 5．句意：然而，未来会有更具挑战性的工作。此处需形容词修饰名词jobs，challenge的形容词形式为challenging“具有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 6．句意：太空飞行员和人工智能专家将很受欢迎。与pilots并列，需名词复数形式。故填experts。 7．句意：我们的创造力和情商对人际关系很重要。our修饰名词，create的名词形式为creativity“创造力”。故填creativity。 8．句意：但人工智能会以多种方式改变世界。根据“AI will not replace humans for these things.”和“AI will change the world in many ways.”可知，“人工智能不会在这些事情上取代人类”与“人工智能将在很多方面改变世界”是转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故填But。 9．句意：当我们的食物快用完时，它们会为我们订购。固定搭配out of表示“用完”。故填of。 10．句意：今天的选择肯定会影响未来。be sure to do sth表示“一定会做某事”。故填to influence。 2 / 16 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $