2026年中考英语重难点语法【现在完成时】考点提炼&专项练习

该初中英语中考复习学案系统构建了“现在完成时”考点体系，涵盖基本结构、两大核心用法、瞬间动词与延续性动词转换及词义辨析，形成从基础到易错点的递进式知识网络，通过定义解析、标志词归纳与例句对比，引导学生自主梳理语法规则，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于分层专项练习设计，基础达标巩固概念（如动词填空），能力提升强化语境应用（句型转换、短文填空），拓展提优综合辨析（时态选择、错误改正），培养语言能力与学习能力。配套书面表达范文提示及错题分析指导，助力学生自主诊断薄弱点，教师可依据练习反馈调整教学，实现精准备考。

2026年中考英语重难点语法【现在完成时】考点提炼&专项练习 第一部分:核心考点提炼 1. 基本结构: 肯定句: 主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 I/We/You/They have finished the work. He/She/It has finished the work. 否定句: 主语 + have/has + not + 动词的过去分词 I have not (haven't) seen the movie. 一般疑问句: Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? Has she arrived yet? 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? What have you done? 2. 核心用法(中考两大考查重点): 用法一:表示“过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果”。 常与不确定的时间状语连用。 标志词: already(已经), just(刚刚), yet(还,已经-用于疑问和否定), ever(曾经), never(从不), before(以前) 例句: I have already posted the letter. (信已经寄出,现在不在我手里了。) He has just left. (他刚离开,现在不在这里。) — Have you finished your homework yet? — No, I haven't finished it yet. 用法二:表示“过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态”。 常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 标志词: for + 一段时间, since + 过去的时间点/从句, these days, so far(到目前为止), in the last/past few years(在过去的几年里) 例句: He has lived here for ten years. (他十年前开始住在这里,现在仍然住着。) She has been a teacher since 2015. (她从2015年成为老师,现在还是。) So far, we have learned 2,000 English words. 3. 瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换(高频易错点!) 在表示“持续”的用法中,不能用表示瞬间就结束的动词(如come, die, leave, buy, join, borrow),必须转换为相应的延续性动词或状态。 瞬间动词 (不能与for/since连用) 延续性动词/状态 (可与for/since连用) come / arrive / get to be in / at die be dead leave be away (from) buy have borrow keep join be a member of / be in begin / start be on finish / end be over 错误: His grandfather has died for five years. 正确: His grandfather has been dead for five years. 正确: It is five years since his grandfather died. 4. have been to 与 have gone to 的区别 have been to: 表示“曾经去过某地”(现在已经回来了)。常与ever, never, once, twice等连用。 — Have you ever been to Paris? (你去过巴黎吗?) have gone to: 表示“已经去某地了”(可能在路上或已在那边,不在这里)。主语通常是第三人称。 — Where is Tom? — He has gone to the library. (他去图书馆了。) 第二部分:专项练习 A. 基础达标(巩固概念) 一、用所给动词的现在完成时形式填空。 1. I _ (finish) my homework. Can I go out to play? 2.She _ (not see) the new movie yet. 3.— _ you _ (have) lunch? — Yes, I have. 4. They _ (live) in this city since they were born. 5. My brother _ (just, buy) a new bicycle. 二、选择正确的答案。 1. Mr. Smith _ in this school for 20 years. A. teaches B. taught C. has taught 2.— Where is your father? — He _ to Shanghai on business. He will be back next week. A. has been B. has gone C. went 3. I _ this book for two weeks. I must return it to the library. A. have borrowed B. have kept C. borrowed 4. — Have you watered the flowers _? — Not _. I'll do it right away. A. yet; yet B. already; already C. ever; ever 答案: 一、1. have finished 2. hasn‘t seen 3. Have; had 4. have lived 5. has just bought 二、1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A B. 能力提升(语境应用) 一、句型转换。 1. He joined the army three years ago. (同义句转换) He _ _ in the army for three years. It _ three years since he joined the army. 2. The movie began ten minutes ago. (同义句转换) The movie _ _ _ for ten minutes. 3. I have never been to the Great Wall. (改为一般疑问句) _ you ever _ to the Great Wall? 二、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 我哥哥离开家已经两个小时了。 My brother _ _ _ _ home for two hours. 2. 你吃过广东菜吗? _ you _ Guangdong food? 3. 自从去年以来,我们成了好朋友。 We _ _ good friends since last year. 三、短文填空(用现在完成时或一般过去时填空)。 I _ (move) to this neighborhood last year. Since then, I _ (make) many friends. My best friend, Lily, _ (live) here all her life. She _ (be) very helpful. Just last week, she _ (help) me fix my bike. I _ never _ (meet) such a kind person before. 答案: 一、1. has been; is 2. has been on 3. Have; been 二、1. has been away from 2. Have; ever had / tried 3. have been 三、moved; have made; has lived; is; helped; have; met C. 拓展提优(综合辨析) 一、选择最佳答案(综合考查时态辨析)。 1. — Hi, Linda! I didn't see you at the party last night. — Oh, I _ for the English test. A. prepared B. am preparing C. was preparing D. have prepared 2. — Is this your new iPad? — No, I _ it for two years. It's an old model now. A. have had B. had C. buy D. have bought 3. So far, the program _ thousands of children in poor areas. A. helps B. helped C. has helped D. is helping 4. — Our classroom is so clean. — Yes, it is. We _ it a moment ago. A. clean B. cleaned C. have cleaned D. will clean 二、找出句子中的错误并改正。 1. His father has left home for a week. _ _ 2. How long have you borrowed this book from the library? _ _ 3. This is the most interesting book I have ever read it. _ _ 三、书面表达运用。 假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Mike来信想了解你的暑假生活。请用现在完成时和一般过去时给他写一封回信,内容包括: 你是否已经完成了暑假作业。 你去了哪里旅游或做了什么有意义的事。 这个暑假你有哪些收获或感受。 (要求:至少使用3个现在完成时的句子) 范文提示: Dear Mike, How is everything going? I'm writing to tell you about my summer vacation. So far, I have already finished most of my homework. Last month, I went to Xi'an with my parents. It's a city with a long history, and I have learned a lot about Chinese culture there. I have also read two English novels during the holiday. I feel my holiday is meaningful and relaxing. What about your summer? Write back soon. Best wishes, Li Hua 答案: 一、1. C (过去进行时,表示昨晚派对期间正在进行的动作) 2. A (拥有是状态,用have had) 3. C (so far用现在完成时) 4. B (a moment ago是过去时间点,用一般过去时) 二、1. has left has been away (离开是瞬间动作,不能与for连用) 2. borrowed kept (借阅是延续性动作) 3. 去掉it (定语从句中,the book已经是read的宾语,it是多余的) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $