专题05 七选五（期中真题汇编，黑吉辽蒙专用）高二英语上学期

专题05 七选五 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·黑龙江龙东联盟·期中） One of my friends wrote me an email. The following are his words: I enjoy staying updated with the latest events and I have been trying to make vlogs (视频博客) . 1 But I don’t know what kind of job I can have after graduation. My answers are as follows: This year, I graduated from the Communication University of China with a major in radio and television art. 2 I attended the interviews with media like China Daily, China News Service and Beijing TV. The jobs I applied for mainly related to (与……有关) journalism, and I finally received an offer from China News Service. The media major relates to various fields such as journalism, advertising, public relations, film and the Internet. Most students will choose jobs related to journalism. These include reporters, editors and hosts. They demand strong writing and speaking skills. The competition is fierce, requiring a high level of professional ability. You can also apply for advertising positions. 3 Internet- related jobs are popular, too. They include web editors, online operators and social media managers. 4 I know film and television-related jobs are attractive to many students. 5 Strong creative thinking and technical skills are necessary in these roles. If you have strong coordination (协调) abilities, you can also join the public relations sector. These roles include public relations officers and brand managers. A．This is the best way to ask for help. B．I am very interested in a media-related major. C．Mastering Internet knowledge is important for these jobs. D．These jobs include directors, screenwriters and producers. E．I sent my resume (简历) to media and Internet media companies. F．They allow us to record and pass information quickly to the public. G．Advertising agencies and marketing companies all need talent for producing advertisements. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期中） How to Become a Lifelong Learner There are no age limits when it comes to education. Being a lifelong learner is all about maintaining your curiosity and love for learning. Identify your learning style. Everyone has a preferred way they like to approach information. Determine your own preferred learning style. Choose what learning techniques are most efficient for you and use them as much as possible. Most people learn through multiple methods but favor one or two. 6 Promote a positive attitude towards learning. Don’t just force yourself to learn things because they’re important or necessary. Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn. 7 Do you remember the 8th grade history that you hated so much, with all those names and dates that seemed to mean nothing? It was a chore then, but it makes sense, now. Get some perspective. Broaden your horizons and respect the journey. Take a look at the theory of multiple intelligence if you don’t know it yet. 8 A lot of people have a fixed attitude. This means they think intelligence can’t be grown. They think mistakes reflect badly on their intelligence, so they avoid taking risks. Create something. Getting to know your creative muscles can help you learn about yourself. 9 In fact, some of the most powerful learning happens when you are creating or formulating something for yourself. Creation, like intelligence, can be artistic or scientific; physical or intellectual; social or lonely. Use what you learn. 10 This is the best way to test it and it will help you learn it more completely. It will also help you discover weaknesses and strengths in your learning, which is how we progress the sum of human knowledge. A．Try developing a growth mindset. B．Improve these skills to the next level. C．Use your preferences to your advantage. D．Not all learning comes from outside you. E．Follow your heart and your sense of duty. F．Applying the knowledge you obtain is essential. G．There’re many learning ways that you can keep seeking. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·吉林吉林·期中） We all know that most communication is nonverbal, but did you know that the same body language can mean something totally different based on culture? 11 . Eye contact Long eye contact is a sign of confidence and attentiveness (用心) in most Western countries. However, in many African, Asian and Latin American countries, unbroken eye contact can be seen as aggressive. In the Middle East, eye contact is only between people of the same sex. 12 . 13 “Rules” on physical contact are very complex and usually differ. But in general, people from high contact cultures such as Southern Europe tend to stand close when speaking. 14 . Those from medium contact cultures stand quite close when speaking and will occasionally make physical touch, while those from low contact cultures stand farther apart and generally avoid physical touch. Hand gestures 15 . Using the “OK” sign is not OK in Brazil, Greece, Spain or Turkey. And if you want to tell someone they did a good job in Greece or the Middle East, do not use the thumbs-up sign. And in most of Asia, curling (弯曲) your index finger to signal someone over is fine for dogs, but not for people — especially in the Philippines, where you could be punished under the law. A．They also tend to touch often B．Physical contact and distance C．Complex and different cultures D．Let’s take a look at some examples E．Otherwise, it’s completely inappropriate F．Hand gestures are necessary in communication G．A usual hand gesture in one country could be inappropriate in another 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林四平·期中） First impressions are important, but everyone has an off day or makes mistakes in social situations. It might be more of a challenge to change how you are perceived. 1 Apologize. If your first meeting was affected by some type of mistake, reach out and apologize. It shows that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to overcome it. 2 Explain what happened. You don’t want to make excuses. But it can be helpful to provide an honest explanation for why your first meeting went poorly. You might explain that you were nervous, that you weren’t feeling well, that you were distracted, or that you were feeling stressed about something unrelated. 3 It makes the other person better empathize (有同感) with your situation. Suggest another meeting. If you won’t see them in another setting, ask if you can have another opportunity to let them get to see the real you. 4 For example, don’t continue pursuing a potential romantic partner after they have told you they are not interested. Don’t take it personally. Instead, see it as a learning opportunity and try to apply those lessons when you meet someone new. 5 If you do get another opportunity to overcome a poor first impression, make sure you are honest and consistent in your future interactions. Let the other person know you completely in terms of context and situation. If it’s a second date, let them see the qualities that make you a great romantic partner, such as warmth, kindness, humour, and attentiveness (周到). A．Let them see the real you. B．Show interest in others. C．Smiling, for example, can help express warmth and interest. D．No matter the cause, an honest explanation may be helpful. E．But there are still things you can do to overcome a bad first impression. F．Then you can improve the impression the other person has of you. G．However, be willing to respect the other person’s request if they decline your offer. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期中） Gift-giving has been a timeless tradition of human culture. Across centuries, the act of presenting gifts carries great significance, not only in its material exchange but in the connections it establishes. 6 Central to this joy is the sense of connection it forms. Selecting a gift involves a thoughtful investment of time and consideration into understanding the receiver’s needs. 7 Thus, giving becomes a tangible (可感知的) expression of care and affection, which goes beyond the mere material value of the gift. Moreover, gift-giving develops empathy (同理心). 8 This selfless act of putting someone else’s happiness before our own allows us to experience a sense of fulfillment that arises from making a positive impact on someone’s life. 9 The act of receiving a gift may bring immediate happiness, but over time, that joy may fade. In contrast, the act of giving gifts leaves a lasting impression on both the giver and the receiver. The emotional connection formed during the process and the shared experience of exchanging gifts become precious memories that can be revisited in the years to come. While receiving gifts undoubtedly brings happiness, the act of giving gifts offers a unique sense of joy that surpasses (超过) the temporary excitement of unwrapping presents. The power of connection, empathy, and the creation of lasting memories are some of the reasons why giving gifts makes us happier than receiving them. 10 A．Gift-giving has the power to create lasting memories. B．Thus, for our own sake, let’s practice the art of gift-giving. C．It enables us to truly understand the emotions of our family. D．It redirects our focus from self-centeredness to the happiness of others. E．While it is delightful to receive gifts, giving itself often brings about greater joy. F．So, let’s welcome the joy of giving, celebrating its power to enrich relationships. G．This process improves emotional connections, deepening each other’s appreciation. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·吉林长春·期中） A main goal of culturally responsive education is to help all students learn to respect various cultures and people with whom they’ll interact (互动). 11 Because the world is much more complex (复杂的) and diverse than the environment in which the students live. How might educators help students become more respectful of cultures with different ideas? There are a wide range of classroom activities that can help students recognize the essential humanity (人性) and value of different types of people. For example, show students some everyday photographs of different people. 12 students to the same role models repeatedly. It is important to avoid exposing students to the same role models repeatedly. In addition to classroom activities and lessons toward multicultural appreciation, it is critical that educators provide students with a culturally responsive learning environment. 13 students can mark the places which they come from on a map on the wall, and classroom signs can be hung in several languages. Such touches will help create an environment in which students from different backgrounds feel more comfortable being themselves. 14 By understanding and valuing their own culture, students can develop a sense of identity and belonging. This appreciation also enables them to contribute to the preservation and promotion of their culture. Providing opportunities for students to investigate unique characters of their family community it is one effective way to help students gain a greater appreciation for their own culture. 15 They then write about important learning experiences that are gained in their community. A．But it can be a difficult task for educators. B．Wall space can be used to display posters about cultural groups. C．Learn to look at situations with fresh eyes, starting with their own culture. D．This can give students some opportunities to interact with famous speakers. E．Students can interview family members about cultural practices and traditions. F．Another goal of the education is to teach students to appreciate their own culture. G．This activity helps students learn about different people and understand rich diversity. 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁鞍山·期中） Family isn’t always blood. They’re the people in your life who appreciate having you—the ones who encourage you to make progress in healthy ways. 1 Free yourself from negative people. Relationships should help you, not hurt you. Choose friends who you are proud to know, who you admire, who love and respect you. 2 When you free yourself from negative people, you free yourself to be YOU—and being YOU is the only way to truly live. Give people you don’t know a chance. 3 If you give them a chance, everyone has something amazing to offer. So appreciate the possibility of making new relationships. Trust your judgment. Be ready to learn, be ready for a challenge, and be ready to meet someone that might just change your life forever. 4 Treat everyone with kindness and respect. Any good relationship is based on sincerity and respect. Treat everyone with the same level of respect you would give to your grandfather and the same level of patience you would have with your baby brother. People will notice your kindness. Forgive people and move forward. Don’t live your life with hate in your heart. You will end up hurting yourself more than the people you hate. 5 It means you’re letting go of the pain, and instead choosing to learn from the incident and move on with your life. Remember, the less time you spend hating the people who hurt you, the more time you’ll have to love the people who love you. A．Be kind to your family. B．We meet no ordinary people in our lives. C．Show everyone kindness and respect. D．They will make your day a little brighter. E．However, you should find ways to change your life. F．Here are four tips to help you find these special relationships. G．Generosity doesn’t mean you’re erasing the past, or forgetting what happened. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁大连·期中） Fall is here, whether you like it or not. Soon the weather will get colder. 6 Another year is dying; that’s just how it goes. Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts in the autumn, you may be at more risk for depression in the winter. No wonder fall has various celebrations intended to keep our spirits up. Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and an anxiety and uncertainty about what that change will bring. 7 Among those things, the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts function differently. They make it the ideal season to build resilience and practice mindfulness. But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level. And it is changeable. 8 It’s an approach worth trying to cultivate uncertainty rather than escaping from it. Another strategy experts suggest for relieving anxiety is to step back and simply observe the world around you. Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance. 9 Autumn will probably hold some whisper of decay and death. 10 If you are always trying to avoid difficult feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness and sweetness. Dr. Wilson said, “this is how life is: sweet and sad, poured from the same vessel in equal measure.” A．In fact, it is not that bad. B．But embracing that sadness is important. C．One way to build tolerance is to lean into it. D．The leaves will die and the nights will stretch longer. E．After all, it’s a time to appreciate what nature offers you. F．Also, fall brings with bright days, sweet fruits and cozy sweaters. G．In such moments, you may as well stop thinking or analyzing current troubles. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·吉林·期中） Tidying your desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of hedonism (享乐主义). 11 . Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms that might explain the perfect pleasure of puttering (慢条斯理地做) . They may well encourage you to engage in it more often. Pleasant distractions On the surface level, puttering may be useful because it occupies the mind, so that we give fewer resources to the things that are worrying us. For instance, we may find household tasks can help us focus on the present moment. People completing these small tasks often report a significantly better mood. 12 , as if the immersion (沉浸) in the simple activity had refreshed their minds. 13 Unlike other distracting activities — such as playing computer games or watching trashy TV — puttering also has the advantage of being positive and useful, increasing our “perceived control”. When we feel anxious, a sense of helplessness can heighten the physiological stress response, increasing levels of hormones. Ideally, we would deal directly with the upsetting situation itself. But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us. Tidy room, focused mind 14 . If your puttering takes the form of organizing and decluttering (清理), you may find that the tidier environment is itself a form of comfort. To summarize, if we see order outside, it helps us to feel a bit less chaotic inside. 15 . A．Being powerful B．A feeling of control C．The benefits do not end there D．We will feel great anxiety in our mind E．This included reduced nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration” F．It is comforting because it makes life easier to manage and more predictable G．Yet we often find ourselves seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） As a way to connect the mind, body and spirit, now, yoga is practiced or celebrated all over the world by adults and teens. 1 How can yoga actually benefit children in the long run? Here are some benefits of yoga for kids. ·It helps with self-control. Self-control is an important part of a child’s development. Kids who can practice self-control are better at maintaining friendships and making decisions. Studies show that kids who routinely practice yoga are also less impulsive (易冲动的). 2 ·It reduces stress and anxiety. Kids need stress relief tools, too! In fact, reports show that children’s anxiety levels may have doubled as a result of stress in daily life and school. 3 These techniques help kids comfort their minds, which in turn comforts their bodies, so yoga is a great tool for kids to use to work through their stress and anxiety. ·It improves focus and attention. Concentration is a tough skill for many young kids to master! 4 After a while of practicing yoga, children develop the ability to concentrate for longer periods of time. This is a skill that will greatly benefit children when they enter school. · 5 Another incredible benefit of yoga is that regular practice helps children learn to believe in themselves and their own capabilities. They will feel proud of themselves when they master a new move and can demonstrate (演示) all the different poses that they know. A．It affects relationship with parents. B．It is also practiced by young children. C．It boosts self-respect and confidence. D．Doing yoga can help kids have a deep sleep. E．Yoga lets children focus on one manageable task at a time. F．They also have more patience while waiting for positive rewards. G．Yoga helps children practice breathing techniques to calm anxious nerves. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·黑龙江虎林·期中） Whether you’re an experienced dog handler or a little careful about dogs, it can be difficult to read a dog’s complex language. How do you know if the dog wants to greet you or tell you to back off? 6 A content and relaxed dog will have its ears up (not forward) and head high. 7 Your relaxed dog’s mouth opens slightly with tongue exposed. If you are still unsure of whether to approach, go slowly and make no sudden moves. Don’t make too much eye contact and slowly extend the back of your hand for the dog to sniff (嗅) first before patting. After this welcome interaction, dogs may raise their tails and lower front paws (爪子). 8 This position will be held briefly before they rush off in random directions to get you to chase and to play with them. They stick out their tongues. Their ears will be up. This is your chance to have a run with your partner. 9 They show more teeth, bark more loudly and hide the tails between their legs. They are ready to attack when annoyed. Be careful of these unusual gestures. These signals are expressed as they directly face their source of “threat”. A dog that is under social or environmental stress will pace about with the tail down, the body lowered and ears back. Its breath will also be rapid with eyes expanded. 10 In this case, try to work out the source of its stress. If you can’t change that right away, a calming massage (按摩) will help. A．Although a happy dog will have its tail high, a relaxed dog’s tail will be hanging. B．The following is a handy dog body language guide. C．And it may leave sweat marks from its feet. D．The moods can be judged from their tails. E．This means it is playtime! F．Keep your voice low and calm. G．Sometimes dogs behave in an angry and violent way. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·黑龙江伊春·期中） How to stay safe in crowded places Before you head out to a fun event where there will be many people, you should be aware of the dangers of a crowd crush. Though the risk of a crowd crush is rare, it can be deadly when it happens. A crowd crush occurs when many people are packed (挤) together and begin to fall over one another. 11 To avoid such a fate (命运), it’s best to escape the crush before it happens. Before attending a crowded event, look at a map of the site. This will give you an idea of the surroundings — pay special attention to any exits. Once you arrive, choosing the right spot can be extremely important. Avoid the middle or front; instead, pick the back of a crowd. It’s also important to trust your feelings. 12 The more crowded the event becomes, the sooner you may need to return to a safe place. If you do end up in a crowd crush, here’s how you can stay safe. The most important thing you can do is stay on your feet. To do this, spread your feet apart and bend (弯曲) your knees a little. 13 Trying to move against a large group of people will only end in disaster. 14 Once one person falls down, more people tend to fall over them. So if your neighbor in the crowd falls to the ground, help them up. A common cause of death in a crowd crush isn’t being crushed but rather a lack of air. It’s best to hold out your arms in front of your chest (胸部). 15 It also protects your chest and lungs from being crushed on the ground should you fall. A．There is usually fun where the crowds are. B．Stay aware to see if you feel packed in at any point. C．Also make sure to move with the flow of the crowd. D．Helping others is another great way to keep everyone safe. E．Some people lose awareness while they’re still standing up. F．This makes space between you and the person in front of you. G．In the past, such instances have caused horrible injury and even death. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·黑龙江龙东联盟·期中） One of my friends wrote me an email. The following are his words: I enjoy staying updated with the latest events and I have been trying to make vlogs (视频博客) . 1 But I don’t know what kind of job I can have after graduation. My answers are as follows: This year, I graduated from the Communication University of China with a major in radio and television art. 2 I attended the interviews with media like China Daily, China News Service and Beijing TV. The jobs I applied for mainly related to (与……有关) journalism, and I finally received an offer from China News Service. The media major relates to various fields such as journalism, advertising, public relations, film and the Internet. Most students will choose jobs related to journalism. These include reporters, editors and hosts. They demand strong writing and speaking skills. The competition is fierce, requiring a high level of professional ability. You can also apply for advertising positions. 3 Internet- related jobs are popular, too. They include web editors, online operators and social media managers. 4 I know film and television-related jobs are attractive to many students. 5 Strong creative thinking and technical skills are necessary in these roles. If you have strong coordination (协调) abilities, you can also join the public relations sector. These roles include public relations officers and brand managers. A．This is the best way to ask for help. B．I am very interested in a media-related major. C．Mastering Internet knowledge is important for these jobs. D．These jobs include directors, screenwriters and producers. E．I sent my resume (简历) to media and Internet media companies. F．They allow us to record and pass information quickly to the public. G．Advertising agencies and marketing companies all need talent for producing advertisements. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．G 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。邮件中回复了朋友关于媒体相关专业的就业方向和前景的疑问。 1．上文“I enjoy staying updated with the latest events and I have been trying to make vlogs (视频博客) (我喜欢了解最新的事件，我一直在尝试制作视频博客)”引用朋友邮件内容，说明朋友喜欢关注最新事件并尝试制作视频博客，B选项“I am very interested in a media-related major. (我对媒体相关的专业非常感兴趣)”承接上文，说明朋友对媒体相关专业很感兴趣，与上文他尝试制作视频博客相呼应。故选B项。 2．上文“This year, I graduated from the Communication University of China with a major in radio and television art. (今年，我毕业于中国传媒大学广播电视艺术专业)”提到作者从中国传媒大学广播电视艺术专业毕业，E选项“I sent my resume (简历) to media and Internet media companies. (我向媒体和互联网媒体公司投了简历)”承接上文，介绍自己毕业后投简历找工作的行为，且下文“I attended the interviews with media like China Daily, China News Service and Beijing TV (我参加了《中国日报》、《中国新闻社》和《北京电视台》等媒体的面试)”对参加面试的介绍，进一步印证了E选项中投简历的行为。故选E项。 3．上文“You can also apply for advertising positions. (你也可以申请广告职位)”建议申请广告职位，G选项“Advertising agencies and marketing companies all need talent for producing advertisements. (广告公司和营销公司都需要制作广告的人才)”与上文申请广告职位相呼应，解释了为什么可以申请广告职位。故选G项。 4．上文“Internet-related jobs are popular, too. They include web editors, online operators and social media managers. (与互联网相关的工作也很受欢迎。它们包括网络编辑、网络运营和社交媒体经理等)”介绍了互联网相关的工作，C选项“Mastering Internet knowledge is important for these jobs. (掌握互联网知识对这些职位很重要)”与上文互联网相关工作相呼应，句中“these jobs”指代上文列举的各种职位。故选C项。 5．上文“I know film and television-related jobs are attractive to many students.(我知道影视相关工作对很多学生都很有吸引力)”提到影视相关工作，D选项“These jobs include directors, screenwriters and producers.(这些工作包括导演、编剧和制片人等职位)”承接上文，介绍与影视相关工作有哪些，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁·期中） How to Become a Lifelong Learner There are no age limits when it comes to education. Being a lifelong learner is all about maintaining your curiosity and love for learning. Identify your learning style. Everyone has a preferred way they like to approach information. Determine your own preferred learning style. Choose what learning techniques are most efficient for you and use them as much as possible. Most people learn through multiple methods but favor one or two. 6 Promote a positive attitude towards learning. Don’t just force yourself to learn things because they’re important or necessary. Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn. 7 Do you remember the 8th grade history that you hated so much, with all those names and dates that seemed to mean nothing? It was a chore then, but it makes sense, now. Get some perspective. Broaden your horizons and respect the journey. Take a look at the theory of multiple intelligence if you don’t know it yet. 8 A lot of people have a fixed attitude. This means they think intelligence can’t be grown. They think mistakes reflect badly on their intelligence, so they avoid taking risks. Create something. Getting to know your creative muscles can help you learn about yourself. 9 In fact, some of the most powerful learning happens when you are creating or formulating something for yourself. Creation, like intelligence, can be artistic or scientific; physical or intellectual; social or lonely. Use what you learn. 10 This is the best way to test it and it will help you learn it more completely. It will also help you discover weaknesses and strengths in your learning, which is how we progress the sum of human knowledge. A．Try developing a growth mindset. B．Improve these skills to the next level. C．Use your preferences to your advantage. D．Not all learning comes from outside you. E．Follow your heart and your sense of duty. F．Applying the knowledge you obtain is essential. G．There’re many learning ways that you can keep seeking. 【答案】6．C 7．E 8．A 9．D 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何成为终身学习者。 6．上文“Most people learn through multiple methods but favor one or two.(大多数人通过多种方法学习，但偏爱一种或两种。)”说了大多数人通过多种方法学习，但偏爱一两种。设空位于句尾，应承接上文，接着说与这种偏爱相关的内容，C选项“Use your preferences to your advantage.(善用你的喜好。)”说明了要善于运用你的偏爱，是和偏爱有关的内容，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 7．上文“Don’t just force yourself to learn things because they’re important or necessary. Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn.(不要因为重要或必要而强迫自己去学习。相反，学习你需要学习的东西和你喜欢学习的东西。)”说不要仅仅因为事情重要或必要而强迫自己去学习。相反，要学习你需要学习的东西和你喜欢学习的东西。可见，空处应接着上文继续讲要遵循本心去学习，E选项“Follow your heart and your sense of duty.(跟随你的心和你的责任感。)”说明了要跟随你的心去学习，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 8．上文“Broaden your horizons and respect the journey. Take a look at the theory of multiple intelligence if you don’t know it yet.(拓宽你的视野，尊重这段旅程。如果你还不知道多元智力理论，可以看看它。)”说明了要拓宽视野，结合小标题“Get some perspective.(要有一些视角。)”推知，空处应是建议用新视角去学习新事物、保持开放，不要害怕失败，A选项“Try developing a growth mindset.(试着培养一种成长的心态。)”说明了要培养成长的心态，拓宽视野，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 9．下文“In fact, some of the most powerful learning happens when you are creating or formulating something for yourself.(事实上，一些最强大的学习发生在你为自己创造或制定一些东西的时候。)”说当你为自己创造或制定一些东西时，一些最强大的学习就会发生。可见，自己的创造过程也能带来强大的学习。下文应是支撑空处的观点：并非所有的学习都来自外部的知识输入，D选项“Not all learning comes from outside you.(并非所有的学习都来自外部。)”说明了并不是所有的学习都来自外部，和下文“自己的创造过程也能带来强大的学习”相一致，因此符合语境。故选D。 10．下文“This is the best way to test it and it will help you learn it more completely.(这是测试它的最好方法，它将帮助你更全面地学习它。)”说这是检验所学知识的最好方法，它将帮助你学习。可见，空处应是一种学习方法。结合小标题“Use what you learn.(用你学到的东西。)”可知，空处应是讲运用你所学知识，F选项“Applying the knowledge you obtain is essential.(应用你所学到的知识是至关重要的。)”说明了要运用你学到的知识，是一种学习方法，引起下文，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·吉林吉林·期中） We all know that most communication is nonverbal, but did you know that the same body language can mean something totally different based on culture? 11 . Eye contact Long eye contact is a sign of confidence and attentiveness (用心) in most Western countries. However, in many African, Asian and Latin American countries, unbroken eye contact can be seen as aggressive. In the Middle East, eye contact is only between people of the same sex. 12 . 13 “Rules” on physical contact are very complex and usually differ. But in general, people from high contact cultures such as Southern Europe tend to stand close when speaking. 14 . Those from medium contact cultures stand quite close when speaking and will occasionally make physical touch, while those from low contact cultures stand farther apart and generally avoid physical touch. Hand gestures 15 . Using the “OK” sign is not OK in Brazil, Greece, Spain or Turkey. And if you want to tell someone they did a good job in Greece or the Middle East, do not use the thumbs-up sign. And in most of Asia, curling (弯曲) your index finger to signal someone over is fine for dogs, but not for people — especially in the Philippines, where you could be punished under the law. A．They also tend to touch often B．Physical contact and distance C．Complex and different cultures D．Let’s take a look at some examples E．Otherwise, it’s completely inappropriate F．Hand gestures are necessary in communication G．A usual hand gesture in one country could be inappropriate in another 【答案】11．D 12．E 13．B 14．A 15．G 【导语】本文为说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言基于不同的文化而产生地域性。文章介绍了三种不同的肢体语言：眼神交流、身体碰触及相距距离、手势在不同文化中的社交规则。 11．空前说“We all know that most communication is nonverbal, but did you know that the same body language can mean something totally different based on culture?(我们都知道大多数交流是非语言的，但你知道吗，基于不同的文化，同样的肢体语言可以表达完全不同的意思？)”，空后举出“Eye contact(眼神交流)”，“Hand gestures(手势)”等几种肢体语言，因此D选项“Let’s take a look at some examples(让我们看一些例子)”引出了下文的一些例子，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 12．空前说“In the Middle East, eye contact is only between people of the same sex.(在中东，目光接触只发生在同性之间。)”，空格处应说如果不这样会有什么后果，E选项“Otherwise, it’s completely inappropriate(否则，就完全不合适了)”说明了如果不是在同性之间有目光接触的话是不合适的，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 13．空格处是本段的小标题，由空后的内容“Those from medium contact cultures stand quite close when speaking and will occasionally make physical touch, while those from low contact cultures stand farther apart and generally avoid physical touch.(来自中等接触文化的人说话时站得很近，偶尔会进行身体接触，而来自低接触文化的人站得更远，通常会避免身体接触。)”可知，本段主要讲的是身体接触和距离，因此B选项“Physical contact and distance(身体接触和距离)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。 14．空前说“But in general, people from high contact cultures such as Southern Europe tend to stand close when speaking.(但一般来说，来自南欧等高接触文化的人在说话时倾向于站得很近。)”，A选项“They also tend to touch often(他们也倾向于经常接触)”进一步说明了高接触文化的人是如何做的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 15．空后说“Using the “OK” sign is not OK in Brazil, Greece, Spain or Turkey.(在巴西、希腊、西班牙或土耳其，使用“OK”的标志是不可以的。)”，说明一个在一个国家常见的手势在另一个国家可能不合适，G选项“A usual hand gesture in one country could be inappropriate in another(一个在一个国家常见的手势在另一个国家可能不合适)”和空后所举的例子相符合，因此G选项引起下文，符合语境，故选G。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·吉林四平·期中） First impressions are important, but everyone has an off day or makes mistakes in social situations. It might be more of a challenge to change how you are perceived. 1 Apologize. If your first meeting was affected by some type of mistake, reach out and apologize. It shows that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to overcome it. 2 Explain what happened. You don’t want to make excuses. But it can be helpful to provide an honest explanation for why your first meeting went poorly. You might explain that you were nervous, that you weren’t feeling well, that you were distracted, or that you were feeling stressed about something unrelated. 3 It makes the other person better empathize (有同感) with your situation. Suggest another meeting. If you won’t see them in another setting, ask if you can have another opportunity to let them get to see the real you. 4 For example, don’t continue pursuing a potential romantic partner after they have told you they are not interested. Don’t take it personally. Instead, see it as a learning opportunity and try to apply those lessons when you meet someone new. 5 If you do get another opportunity to overcome a poor first impression, make sure you are honest and consistent in your future interactions. Let the other person know you completely in terms of context and situation. If it’s a second date, let them see the qualities that make you a great romantic partner, such as warmth, kindness, humour, and attentiveness (周到). A．Let them see the real you. B．Show interest in others. C．Smiling, for example, can help express warmth and interest. D．No matter the cause, an honest explanation may be helpful. E．But there are still things you can do to overcome a bad first impression. F．Then you can improve the impression the other person has of you. G．However, be willing to respect the other person’s request if they decline your offer. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．D 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了如何克服不好的第一印象，给出了具体的建议和方法。 1．空处位于首段段尾，承接上文，引出本文主题，根据前文“First impressions are important, but everyone has an off day or makes mistakes in social situations. It might be more of a challenge to change how you are perceived.(第一印象很重要，但每个人都有不顺心的时候，或者在社交场合犯错的时候。改变别人对你的看法可能更有挑战性)”可知，E项“But there are still things you can do to overcome a bad first impression.(但是你仍然可以做一些事情来克服糟糕的第一印象)”和上文构成转折关系，并引出本文主题，克服糟糕的第一印象。故选E项。 2．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Apologize. If your first meeting was affected by some type of mistake, reach out and apologize. It shows that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to overcome it.(道歉。如果你的第一次会面受到了某种错误的影响，那就主动去道歉。这表明你意识到自己的错误，并愿意采取措施来克服它)”可知，本段讲述主动道歉，改正错误来改变糟糕的第一印象，所以F项“Then you can improve the impression the other person has of you.(然后你可以改善别人对你的印象)”是前文方法的结果，符合文意。故选F项。 3．根据前文“Explain what happened. You don’t want to make excuses. But it can be helpful to provide an honest explanation for why your first meeting went poorly. You might explain that you were nervous, that you weren’t feeling well, that you were distracted, or that you were feeling stressed about something unrelated.(解释发生了什么。你不想找借口。但如果你能诚实地解释为什么你的第一次会面不顺利，那就很有帮助了。你可能会解释说你很紧张，你感觉不舒服，你心烦意乱，或者你对一些不相关的事情感到压力)”可知，本段主题是解释发生了什么，所以D项“No matter the cause, an honest explanation may be helpful.(不管是什么原因，一个诚实的解释可能会有所帮助)”符合本段主题，其中explanation为同词复现。故选D项。 4．根据前文“Suggest another meeting. If you won’t see them in another setting, ask if you can have another opportunity to let them get to see the real you.(建议另一次会面。如果你不想在其他场合见到他们，那就问他们是否有机会让他们看到真实的你)”以及后文“For example, don’t continue pursuing a potential romantic partner after they have told you they are not interested. Don’t take it personally.(例如，在一个潜在的浪漫伴侣告诉你他们对你不感兴趣之后，不要继续追求他们。不要往心里去)”可知，前文提到请求另一次机会，但是后文举例说如果被拒绝，就不要继续，所以空处应提到这点，所以G项“However, be willing to respect the other person’s request if they decline your offer.(然而，如果对方拒绝你的提议，你要尊重对方的要求)”承接上文，引出下文举例，符合文意。故选G项。 5．空处位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“If you do get another opportunity to overcome a poor first impression, make sure you are honest and consistent in your future interactions. Let the other person know you completely in terms of context and situation.(如果你确实得到了另一个机会来克服糟糕的第一印象，确保你在未来的互动中诚实和一致。让对方完全了解你的背景和情况)”可知，本段主要讲述展示真正的自己，所以A项“Let them see the real you.(让他们看到真实的你)”符合本段主题。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·期中） Gift-giving has been a timeless tradition of human culture. Across centuries, the act of presenting gifts carries great significance, not only in its material exchange but in the connections it establishes. 6 Central to this joy is the sense of connection it forms. Selecting a gift involves a thoughtful investment of time and consideration into understanding the receiver’s needs. 7 Thus, giving becomes a tangible (可感知的) expression of care and affection, which goes beyond the mere material value of the gift. Moreover, gift-giving develops empathy (同理心). 8 This selfless act of putting someone else’s happiness before our own allows us to experience a sense of fulfillment that arises from making a positive impact on someone’s life. 9 The act of receiving a gift may bring immediate happiness, but over time, that joy may fade. In contrast, the act of giving gifts leaves a lasting impression on both the giver and the receiver. The emotional connection formed during the process and the shared experience of exchanging gifts become precious memories that can be revisited in the years to come. While receiving gifts undoubtedly brings happiness, the act of giving gifts offers a unique sense of joy that surpasses (超过) the temporary excitement of unwrapping presents. The power of connection, empathy, and the creation of lasting memories are some of the reasons why giving gifts makes us happier than receiving them. 10 A．Gift-giving has the power to create lasting memories. B．Thus, for our own sake, let’s practice the art of gift-giving. C．It enables us to truly understand the emotions of our family. D．It redirects our focus from self-centeredness to the happiness of others. E．While it is delightful to receive gifts, giving itself often brings about greater joy. F．So, let’s welcome the joy of giving, celebrating its power to enrich relationships. G．This process improves emotional connections, deepening each other’s appreciation. 【答案】6．E 7．G 8．D 9．A 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是赠送礼物这一行为的重要意义。 6．根据空前的“Across centuries, the act of presenting gifts carries great significance, not only in its material exchange but in the connections it establishes.(几个世纪以来，赠送礼物的行为具有重要意义，不仅在于它的物质交换，还在于它建立的联系)”可知，此处是对赠送礼物的意义简要概述，结合第二段的首句“Central to this joy is the sense of connection it forms.(这种快乐的核心是它所形成的联系感)”可知，此空既是对赠送礼物的意义的简述，也应引出下文，E选项“While it is delightful to receive gifts, giving itself often brings about greater joy.(虽然收到礼物是令人愉快的，但给予本身往往带来更大的快乐)”可知，此处讲述的是赠送礼物会给人带来快乐，进而引出下文中介绍快乐的核心，joy为解题的关键信息，符合语境。故选E项。 7．根据空前的“Selecting a gift involves a thoughtful investment of time and consideration into understanding the receiver’s needs.(选择礼物需要花时间和考虑了解收礼人的需要)”可知，此处指的是选择礼物的过程，G选项“This process improves emotional connections, deepening each other’s appreciation.(这个过程改善了情感联系，加深了彼此的欣赏)”中的this process指的是空前的“选择礼物的过程”，承接上文。故选G项。 8．根据空前的“Moreover, gift-giving develops empathy (同理心).(此外，赠送礼物还能培养同理心)”可知，此处讲述的是赠送礼物会带来的好处——培养同理心，结合空后的“This selfless act of putting someone else’s happiness before our own allows us to experience a sense of fulfillment that arises from making a positive impact on someone’s life.(这种把别人的幸福放在自己的幸福之前的无私行为让我们体验到一种满足感，这种满足感来自于对别人的生活产生积极的影响)”可知，培养同理心带来的好处，由此可推断，此空讲述的内容应与“同理心”相关，D选项“It enables us to truly understand the emotions of our family.(它将我们的注意力从自我中心转移到他人的幸福上)”讲述的内容是对“同理心”的进一步阐述，符合语境。故选D项。 9．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据下文的“The act of receiving a gift may bring immediate happiness, but over time, that joy may fade. In contrast, the act of giving gifts leaves a lasting impression on both the giver and the receiver.(收到礼物的行为可能会立即带来快乐，但随着时间的推移，这种快乐可能会消失。相反，送礼的行为会给送礼者和受礼者留下持久的印象)”可知，此处讲述的是相比收到礼物带来的快乐，送礼物的行为会给双方带来更持久的印象，由此可知，本段讲述的内容与赠送礼物这一行为带来的快乐的持久性相关，A选项“Gift-giving has the power to create lasting memories.(送礼物有创造持久记忆的力量)”讲述的内容与本段讲述的内容吻合，可以概括本段的主题。故选A项。 10．此空位于文章最后，应是进行总结，结合空前的“The power of connection, empathy, and the creation of lasting memories are some of the reasons why giving gifts makes us happier than receiving them.(联系、同理心和创造持久记忆的力量是送礼物比收礼物让我们更快乐的一些原因)”可知，送礼物在创建联系，培养同理心以及创造持久记忆方面，送礼物都比收礼物更让人快乐，所以，文章最后应是提出送礼物的建议，F选项“So, let’s welcome the joy of giving, celebrating its power to enrich relationships.(所以，让我们欢迎给予的喜悦，庆祝它丰富人际关系的力量)”中的“let’s welcome the joy of giving”提议人们欢迎给予的快乐，也就是建议人们赠送礼物，这样会带来更多的快乐，符合语境。故选F项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·吉林长春·期中） A main goal of culturally responsive education is to help all students learn to respect various cultures and people with whom they’ll interact (互动). 11 Because the world is much more complex (复杂的) and diverse than the environment in which the students live. How might educators help students become more respectful of cultures with different ideas? There are a wide range of classroom activities that can help students recognize the essential humanity (人性) and value of different types of people. For example, show students some everyday photographs of different people. 12 students to the same role models repeatedly. It is important to avoid exposing students to the same role models repeatedly. In addition to classroom activities and lessons toward multicultural appreciation, it is critical that educators provide students with a culturally responsive learning environment. 13 students can mark the places which they come from on a map on the wall, and classroom signs can be hung in several languages. Such touches will help create an environment in which students from different backgrounds feel more comfortable being themselves. 14 By understanding and valuing their own culture, students can develop a sense of identity and belonging. This appreciation also enables them to contribute to the preservation and promotion of their culture. Providing opportunities for students to investigate unique characters of their family community it is one effective way to help students gain a greater appreciation for their own culture. 15 They then write about important learning experiences that are gained in their community. A．But it can be a difficult task for educators. B．Wall space can be used to display posters about cultural groups. C．Learn to look at situations with fresh eyes, starting with their own culture. D．This can give students some opportunities to interact with famous speakers. E．Students can interview family members about cultural practices and traditions. F．Another goal of the education is to teach students to appreciate their own culture. G．This activity helps students learn about different people and understand rich diversity. 【答案】11．A 12．G 13．B 14．F 15．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章具体探讨了文化响应教育的重要性和实施方式，旨在在阐述如何通过教育帮助学生学会尊重并欣赏多元文化，以及如何通过创造文化响应的学习环境来促进学生的全面发展。 11．根据空前内容“A main goal of culturally responsive education is to help all students learn to respect various cultures and people with whom they’ll interact (互动).(文化响应教育的一个主要目标是帮助所有学生学会尊重不同的文化和与他们互动的人)”可知，教育的一个目标是帮助所有学生学会尊重不同的文化和与他们互动的人。选项A“But it can be a difficult task for educators.(但这对教育工作者来说是一项艰巨的任务)”与上文形成转折，指出这一目标对于教育工作者而言是艰巨的任务。而下文“Because the world is much more complex(复杂的) and diverse than the environment in which the students live.(因为世界比学生生活的环境要复杂得多和多样得多)”则解释了艰巨的原因是世界很复杂多样。故选A。 12．根据空前内容“For example, show students some everyday photographs of different people.(例如，给学生看一些不同人的日常照片)”可知，教育者可以给学生看一些不同人的日常照片。选项G“This activity helps students learn about different people and understand rich diversity.(这个活动帮助学生了解不同的人，了解丰富的多样性)”延续上文内容，其中的“this activity”指的是上文提到的给学生看不同人的日常照片，指出这样做的原因是可以帮助学生了解不同的人，了解丰富的多样性。故选G。 13．根据空前内容“In addition to classroom activities and lessons toward multicultural appreciation, it is critical that educators provide students with a culturally responsive learning environment.(除了课堂活动和多元文化欣赏课程之外，教育工作者为学生提供一个文化响应的学习环境也是至关重要的)”可知，教育者可以为学生提供一个文化响应的学习环境。选项B“Wall space can be used to display posters about cultural groups.(墙面空间可以用来展示有关文化群体的海报)”延续上文内容，指出教室墙面可以用来展示有关文化的海报，也就是一个文化响应的学习环境。故选B。 14．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“By understanding and valuing their own culture, students can develop a sense of identity and belonging. This appreciation also enables them to contribute to the preservation and promotion of their culture.(通过理解和重视自己的文化，学生可以培养一种认同感和归属感。这种欣赏也使他们能够为保护和促进其文化作出贡献)”可知，本段讲述的是让学生理解和重视自己的文化。选项F“Another goal of the education is to teach students to appreciate their own culture.(教育的另一个目标是教会学生欣赏自己的文化)”与本段内容相符，指出教育者应该教会学生欣赏自己的文化。故选F。 15．根据空前内容“Providing opportunities for students to investigate unique characters of their family community it is one effective way to help students gain a greater appreciation for their own culture.(为学生提供机会去调查他们家庭社区的独特特征，这是帮助学生更好地欣赏自己文化的一种有效方法)”可知，本段讲述的是让学生了解家庭社区的独特特征。选项E“Students can interview family members about cultural practices and traditions.(学生可以就文化习俗和传统采访家庭成员)”延续上文内容，指出学生可以采访家庭成员，了解文化习俗和传统。从而自然引出下文“They then write about important learning experiences that are gained in their community.(然后他们写下在社区中获得的重要学习经验)”，与本段主题相符。故选E。 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁鞍山·期中） Family isn’t always blood. They’re the people in your life who appreciate having you—the ones who encourage you to make progress in healthy ways. 1 Free yourself from negative people. Relationships should help you, not hurt you. Choose friends who you are proud to know, who you admire, who love and respect you. 2 When you free yourself from negative people, you free yourself to be YOU—and being YOU is the only way to truly live. Give people you don’t know a chance. 3 If you give them a chance, everyone has something amazing to offer. So appreciate the possibility of making new relationships. Trust your judgment. Be ready to learn, be ready for a challenge, and be ready to meet someone that might just change your life forever. 4 Treat everyone with kindness and respect. Any good relationship is based on sincerity and respect. Treat everyone with the same level of respect you would give to your grandfather and the same level of patience you would have with your baby brother. People will notice your kindness. Forgive people and move forward. Don’t live your life with hate in your heart. You will end up hurting yourself more than the people you hate. 5 It means you’re letting go of the pain, and instead choosing to learn from the incident and move on with your life. Remember, the less time you spend hating the people who hurt you, the more time you’ll have to love the people who love you. A．Be kind to your family. B．We meet no ordinary people in our lives. C．Show everyone kindness and respect. D．They will make your day a little brighter. E．However, you should find ways to change your life. F．Here are four tips to help you find these special relationships. G．Generosity doesn’t mean you’re erasing the past, or forgetting what happened. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．G 【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了寻找亲如家人的关系的方法。 1．下文“Free yourself from negative people.”（从消极的人中解脱出来）“Give people you don’t know a chance.”（给不认识的人一个机会）“Forgive people and move forward.”（宽恕人，继续前进）说明本文主要提供了一些方法技巧，与选项F. Here are four tips to help you find these special relationships.（这里有四个技巧可以帮助你找到这些特殊的关系）相一致。故选F。 2．上文“Choose friends who you are proud to know, who you admire, who love and respect you.”（选择你以认识、钦佩、爱戴和尊重你为荣的朋友）说明你应该选择那些好的、积极正向的朋友，他们也会给你带来积极正向的影响，与选项D. They will make your day a little brighter.（他们会让你的一天更明亮一点）相一致。故选D。 3．下文“If you give them a chance, everyone has something amazing to offer.”（如果你给他们一个机会，每个人都会提供一些令人惊奇的东西）说明每个人都有让你惊讶的东西，每个人都不普通，与选项B. We meet no ordinary people in our lives.（在我们的生活中，我们没有遇到普通人）相一致。故选B。 4．下文“Treat everyone with kindness and respect.”（善待和尊重每一个人）说明应该善待、尊重每个人，与选项C. Show everyone kindness and respect.（向每个人展示善意和尊重）相一致。故选C。 5．下文“It means you’re letting go of the pain, and instead choosing to learn from the incident and move on with your life.”（这意味着你正在放下痛苦，而是选择从事件中吸取教训，继续你的生活）说明原谅并非意味着抹去过去和忘记，而是意味着从过去中学到教训，与选项G.  Generosity doesn’t mean you’re erasing the past, or forgetting what happened.（宽容并不意味着你要抹去过去，或者忘记发生的事情）相一致。故选G。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·辽宁大连·期中） Fall is here, whether you like it or not. Soon the weather will get colder. 6 Another year is dying; that’s just how it goes. Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts in the autumn, you may be at more risk for depression in the winter. No wonder fall has various celebrations intended to keep our spirits up. Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and an anxiety and uncertainty about what that change will bring. 7 Among those things, the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts function differently. They make it the ideal season to build resilience and practice mindfulness. But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level. And it is changeable. 8 It’s an approach worth trying to cultivate uncertainty rather than escaping from it. Another strategy experts suggest for relieving anxiety is to step back and simply observe the world around you. Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance. 9 Autumn will probably hold some whisper of decay and death. 10 If you are always trying to avoid difficult feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness and sweetness. Dr. Wilson said, “this is how life is: sweet and sad, poured from the same vessel in equal measure.” A．In fact, it is not that bad. B．But embracing that sadness is important. C．One way to build tolerance is to lean into it. D．The leaves will die and the nights will stretch longer. E．After all, it’s a time to appreciate what nature offers you. F．Also, fall brings with bright days, sweet fruits and cozy sweaters. G．In such moments, you may as well stop thinking or analyzing current troubles. 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．C 9．G 10．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了秋天会出现的情绪波动甚至抑郁，并提出了一些调整方法。 6．根据上文“Soon the weather will get colder. (天气很快就会变冷。)”和下文“Another year is dying; that’s just how it goes. (又一年即将结束；事物就是这样的。) ”可知，此处描述了秋天的到来会带来的一些变化。故D选项“树叶会枯萎，黑夜会延长。”符合语境。故选D项。 7．根据上文“Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and an anxiety and uncertainty about what that change will bring. (心理学家说，秋天经常出现的感觉来自于我们对变化的不适，以及对变化会带来什么的焦虑和不确定。)”和下文“Among those things, the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts function differently. They make it the ideal season to build resilience and practice mindfulness. (其中，焦虑、承诺甚至仔细的思考的作用不同。它们使之成为培养韧性和练习正念的理想季节。)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文，说明情况也没有那么糟糕。故A选项“事实上，情况并没有那么糟糕。”切题。故选A项。 8．根据上文“But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level. And it is changeable. (但不能容忍不确定性是人类的一部分；每个人在某种程度上都有这种感觉。而且它是可变的。)”和下文“It’s an approach worth trying to cultivate uncertainty rather than escaping from it. (这是一种值得尝试培养不确定性而不是逃避不确定性的方法。)”可知，选项承接上下文，介绍了一种应对不能容忍不确定性的方法。故C选项“培养宽容的一种方法是向宽容靠拢”切题。故选C项。 9．根据上文“Another strategy experts suggest for relieving anxiety is to step back and simply observe the world around you. Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance. (专家建议的另一种缓解焦虑的策略是退后一步，简单地观察你周围的世界。例如，静静地坐在公园的长椅上，看着一棵树落叶。)”可知，本段主要在说缓解焦虑的策略是退后一步，不要去纠结于焦虑本身，停止思考，简单地观察你周围的世界。故G选项“在这样的时刻，你最好停止思考或分析当前的麻烦。”符合语境。故选G项。 10．根据下文“If you are always trying to avoid difficult feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness and sweetness. (如果你总是试图避免困难的感觉，你最终也可能会切断自己与爱、财富和甜蜜的联系。)”可知，不能逃避悲伤而是要拥抱悲伤。故B选项“但拥抱这种悲伤很重要。”符合语境，承接下文。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·吉林·期中） Tidying your desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of hedonism (享乐主义). 11 . Psychologists suggest there are many potential mechanisms that might explain the perfect pleasure of puttering (慢条斯理地做) . They may well encourage you to engage in it more often. Pleasant distractions On the surface level, puttering may be useful because it occupies the mind, so that we give fewer resources to the things that are worrying us. For instance, we may find household tasks can help us focus on the present moment. People completing these small tasks often report a significantly better mood. 12 , as if the immersion (沉浸) in the simple activity had refreshed their minds. 13 Unlike other distracting activities — such as playing computer games or watching trashy TV — puttering also has the advantage of being positive and useful, increasing our “perceived control”. When we feel anxious, a sense of helplessness can heighten the physiological stress response, increasing levels of hormones. Ideally, we would deal directly with the upsetting situation itself. But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us. Tidy room, focused mind 14 . If your puttering takes the form of organizing and decluttering (清理), you may find that the tidier environment is itself a form of comfort. To summarize, if we see order outside, it helps us to feel a bit less chaotic inside. 15 . A．Being powerful B．A feeling of control C．The benefits do not end there D．We will feel great anxiety in our mind E．This included reduced nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration” F．It is comforting because it makes life easier to manage and more predictable G．Yet we often find ourselves seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks 【答案】11．G 12．E 13．B 14．C 15．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家务活等简单重复任务如何通过提供心理上的慰藉、增强控制感和整理环境来改善人的心情和减轻压力。 11．上文“Tidying your desk, watering your plants or folding laundry — these household chores are hardly the height of hedonism (享乐主义).(整理办公桌、浇花或叠衣服——这些家务活并不是享乐主义的最高境界)”说明家务活并不是典型的享乐行为。空处和前文形成转折关系，并且引出下文。G项中的yet为转折连词，“seeking pleasure and comfort in small repetitive tasks”和下文“might explain the perfect pleasure of puttering (慢条斯理地做)”相呼应，说明尽管家务活并不是享乐主义的最高境界，但是人们还是会在这些琐碎的任务中找到乐趣。所以G项“然而，我们经常发现自己在重复的小任务中寻求快乐和安慰”符合语境。故选G。 12．上文“People completing these small tasks often report a significantly better mood.(完成这些小任务的人通常会报告心情明显好转)”以及下文“as if the immersion (沉浸) in the simple activity had refreshed their minds.(仿佛沉浸在简单的活动中让他们精神焕发)”说明完成家务小任务会让人心情明显好转。空处进一步说明心情变好的具体表现。E项中的“reduced nervousness and even a sense of “inspiration””和上文中的“a significantly better mood”相呼应，也和下文的“refreshed their minds”相呼应，所以E项“这包括减少了紧张感，甚至有一种“灵感”的感觉”符合语境。故选E。 13．下文“Unlike other distracting activities — such as playing computer games or watching trashy TV— puttering also has the advantage of being positive and useful, increasing our “perceived control”.(不像其他分散注意力的活动——比如玩电脑游戏或看低质量的电视节目——慢条斯理地做事情也有其积极和有用的一面，能增加我们的“感知控制力”)”以及“But research suggests we can gain a perception of control from activities that may have little effect on the situation that’s bothering us.(但研究表明，我们可以从对困扰我们的情况影响不大的活动中获得控制感)”说明与其他分散注意力的活动相比，慢条斯理地做事还具有积极和有用的优势，可以增加我们的“感知控制”。所以B项“控制的感觉”适合作本段的主旨句。故选B。 14．标题“Tidy room, focused mind(整洁的房间，专注的思维)”以及下文“If your puttering takes the form of organizing and decluttering (清理), you may find that the tidier environment is itself a form of comfort.(如果你的慢条斯理表现为整理和去杂乱，你可能会发现，整洁的环境本身就是一种安慰)”说明整洁的环境能让人专注，而且如果你的慢条斯理表现为整理和去杂乱，整洁的环境本身就是一种安慰。所以空处承上启下，既总结了标题提到的好处，也引出下文中其它的好处。所以C项“好处不仅仅于此”符合语境。故选C。 15．上文“To summarize, if we see order outside, it helps us to feel a bit less chaotic inside.(总结来说，如果我们看到外界是有序的，这会帮助我们感觉到内心不那么混乱)”说明整洁的外部环境能带来内心的平静。空处顺接前文，进一步说明整洁的外部环境带来的好处。F项“这让人感到安慰，因为它使生活更容易管理且更具可预测性”符合语境，it指代前文中提到的“order outside”。故选F。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） As a way to connect the mind, body and spirit, now, yoga is practiced or celebrated all over the world by adults and teens. 1 How can yoga actually benefit children in the long run? Here are some benefits of yoga for kids. ·It helps with self-control. Self-control is an important part of a child’s development. Kids who can practice self-control are better at maintaining friendships and making decisions. Studies show that kids who routinely practice yoga are also less impulsive (易冲动的). 2 ·It reduces stress and anxiety. Kids need stress relief tools, too! In fact, reports show that children’s anxiety levels may have doubled as a result of stress in daily life and school. 3 These techniques help kids comfort their minds, which in turn comforts their bodies, so yoga is a great tool for kids to use to work through their stress and anxiety. ·It improves focus and attention. Concentration is a tough skill for many young kids to master! 4 After a while of practicing yoga, children develop the ability to concentrate for longer periods of time. This is a skill that will greatly benefit children when they enter school. · 5 Another incredible benefit of yoga is that regular practice helps children learn to believe in themselves and their own capabilities. They will feel proud of themselves when they master a new move and can demonstrate (演示) all the different poses that they know. A．It affects relationship with parents. B．It is also practiced by young children. C．It boosts self-respect and confidence. D．Doing yoga can help kids have a deep sleep. E．Yoga lets children focus on one manageable task at a time. F．They also have more patience while waiting for positive rewards. G．Yoga helps children practice breathing techniques to calm anxious nerves. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了瑜伽对小孩子的几个好处。 1．根据前文“As a way to connect the mind, body and spirit, now, yoga is practiced or celebrated all over the world by adults and teens.(作为一种连接思想、身体和精神的方式，现在，瑜伽被世界各地的成年人和青少年练习或推崇)”以及后文“How can yoga actually benefit children in the long run?(从长远来看，瑜伽是如何让孩子受益的呢?)”可知，前文没有提及孩子做瑜伽，所以孩子应在空处提出，所以B项“It is also practiced by young children.(小孩子也会练习)”符合文意。故选B项。 2．根据本段小标题“It helps with self-control.(它有助于自我控制)”以及前句“Studies show that kids who routinely practice yoga are also less impulsive.(研究表明，经常练习瑜伽的孩子也不那么冲动)”可知，空处位于本段段尾，应是对本段的总结或者补充说明，所以F项“They also have more patience while waiting for positive rewards.(他们在等待积极回报时也有更多的耐心)”是对前一句的补充说明，符合文意。故选F项。 3．根据本段小标题“It reduces stress and anxiety.(减少压力和焦虑)”以及后文“These techniques help kids comfort their minds, which in turn comforts their bodies, so yoga is a great tool for kids to use to work through their stress and anxiety.(这些技巧帮助孩子们安抚他们的心灵，进而安抚他们的身体，所以瑜伽是孩子们用来克服压力和焦虑的好工具)”可知，本段主要讲瑜伽帮助孩子减少压力，后句讲了技巧的结果，所以空处应讲具体的技巧，所以G项“Yoga helps children practice breathing techniques to calm anxious nerves.(瑜伽帮助孩子们练习呼吸技巧来舒缓焦虑的神经)”符合文意。故选G项。 4．根据本段小标题“It improves focus and attention.(提高注意力)”可知，本段主要讲瑜伽提高小孩子的注意力，再分析设空，知位于本段第二句，应是对首句的进一步补充说明，根据前句“Concentration is a tough skill for many young kids to master!(对许多小孩子来说，集中注意力是一项很难掌握的技能!)”可知，E项“Yoga lets children focus on one manageable task at a time.(瑜伽让孩子们一次只专注于一件容易完成的任务)”是对前句的补充说明，符合文意。故选E项。 5．分析设空，可知空处是下文的小标题，小标题是对下文的高度总结，根据后文“Another incredible benefit of yoga is that regular practice helps children learn to believe in themselves and their own capabilities. They will feel proud of themselves when they master a new move and can demonstrate all the different poses that they know.(瑜伽的另一个不可思议的好处是，经常练习可以帮助孩子们学会相信自己和自己的能力。当他们掌握了一个新动作，并能展示他们所知道的所有不同的姿势时，他们会为自己感到自豪)”可知，本段是在讲述瑜伽能提高孩子的自信，所以C项“It boosts self-respect and confidence.(增强自尊和自信)”符合文意。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·黑龙江虎林·期中） Whether you’re an experienced dog handler or a little careful about dogs, it can be difficult to read a dog’s complex language. How do you know if the dog wants to greet you or tell you to back off? 6 A content and relaxed dog will have its ears up (not forward) and head high. 7 Your relaxed dog’s mouth opens slightly with tongue exposed. If you are still unsure of whether to approach, go slowly and make no sudden moves. Don’t make too much eye contact and slowly extend the back of your hand for the dog to sniff (嗅) first before patting. After this welcome interaction, dogs may raise their tails and lower front paws (爪子). 8 This position will be held briefly before they rush off in random directions to get you to chase and to play with them. They stick out their tongues. Their ears will be up. This is your chance to have a run with your partner. 9 They show more teeth, bark more loudly and hide the tails between their legs. They are ready to attack when annoyed. Be careful of these unusual gestures. These signals are expressed as they directly face their source of “threat”. A dog that is under social or environmental stress will pace about with the tail down, the body lowered and ears back. Its breath will also be rapid with eyes expanded. 10 In this case, try to work out the source of its stress. If you can’t change that right away, a calming massage (按摩) will help. A．Although a happy dog will have its tail high, a relaxed dog’s tail will be hanging. B．The following is a handy dog body language guide. C．And it may leave sweat marks from its feet. D．The moods can be judged from their tails. E．This means it is playtime! F．Keep your voice low and calm. G．Sometimes dogs behave in an angry and violent way. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．E 9．G 10．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些肢体语言所代表的含义进行了说明。 6．根据上文“Whether you’re an experienced dog handler or a little careful about dogs, it can be difficult to read a dog’s complex language. How do you know if the dog wants to greet you or tell you to back off? (无论你是经验丰富的训狗员还是对狗有点小心的人，都很难读懂狗的复杂语言。你怎么知道狗狗是想和你打招呼还是让你走开？)”可知，本句承上启下，启示后文列举了一些狗的肢体语言所代表的含义。故B选项“下面是一个方便的狗的肢体语言指南”符合语境，故选B。 7．根据上文“A content and relaxed dog will have its ears up (not forward) and head high. (一只满足和放松的狗会竖起耳朵（而不是向前），把头抬高)”以及后文“Your relaxed dog’s mouth opens slightly with tongue exposed. If you are still unsure of whether to approach, go slowly and make no sudden moves. Don’t make too much eye contact and slowly extend the back of your hand for the dog to sniff (嗅) first before patting. (你放松的狗的嘴微微张开，舌头露出来。如果你仍然不确定是否要接近，慢慢走，不要突然行动。不要有太多的眼神接触，在拍狗之前，慢慢地伸出手背让它嗅一嗅。)”可知，本段主要说明了放松和满足的狗的肢体语言，A选项中relaxed对应上文relaxed。故A选项“虽然一只快乐的狗会把尾巴翘起来，但一只放松的狗会把尾巴垂下来。”符合语境，故选A。 8．根据上文“After this welcome interaction, dogs may raise their tails and lower front paws (爪子) .(在这种受欢迎的互动之后，狗可能会抬起尾巴，放下前爪。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明狗抬起尾巴，放下前爪代表的含义。故E选项“这意味着是玩耍时间！”符合语境，故选E。 9．根据后文“They show more teeth, bark more loudly and hide the tails between their legs. They are ready to attack when annoyed. Be careful of these unusual gestures. These signals are expressed as they directly face their source of “threat”. (它们露出更多的牙齿，更大声地吠叫，把尾巴藏在双腿之间。他们被激怒时随时准备攻击。小心这些不寻常的姿势。这些信号是在他们直接面对“威胁”来源时表达出来的。)”可知，本段主要说明了狗一些愤怒的行为和肢体语言信号。故G选项“有时狗会表现出愤怒和暴力的行为。”符合语境，故选G。 10．根据上文“A dog that is under social or environmental stress will pace about with the tail down, the body lowered and ears back. Its breath will also be rapid with eyes expanded. (一只处于社会或环境压力下的狗会垂着尾巴，低着身子，耳朵后仰。它的呼吸也会很快，眼睛也会睁大。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明狗紧张的时候的一些表现。故C选项“它可能会在脚上留下汗印。”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·黑龙江伊春·期中） How to stay safe in crowded places Before you head out to a fun event where there will be many people, you should be aware of the dangers of a crowd crush. Though the risk of a crowd crush is rare, it can be deadly when it happens. A crowd crush occurs when many people are packed (挤) together and begin to fall over one another. 11 To avoid such a fate (命运), it’s best to escape the crush before it happens. Before attending a crowded event, look at a map of the site. This will give you an idea of the surroundings — pay special attention to any exits. Once you arrive, choosing the right spot can be extremely important. Avoid the middle or front; instead, pick the back of a crowd. It’s also important to trust your feelings. 12 The more crowded the event becomes, the sooner you may need to return to a safe place. If you do end up in a crowd crush, here’s how you can stay safe. The most important thing you can do is stay on your feet. To do this, spread your feet apart and bend (弯曲) your knees a little. 13 Trying to move against a large group of people will only end in disaster. 14 Once one person falls down, more people tend to fall over them. So if your neighbor in the crowd falls to the ground, help them up. A common cause of death in a crowd crush isn’t being crushed but rather a lack of air. It’s best to hold out your arms in front of your chest (胸部). 15 It also protects your chest and lungs from being crushed on the ground should you fall. A．There is usually fun where the crowds are. B．Stay aware to see if you feel packed in at any point. C．Also make sure to move with the flow of the crowd. D．Helping others is another great way to keep everyone safe. E．Some people lose awareness while they’re still standing up. F．This makes space between you and the person in front of you. G．In the past, such instances have caused horrible injury and even death. 【答案】11．G 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何在人多的地方保持安全。 11．根据上文“Though the risk of a crowd crush is rare, it can be deadly when it happens. A crowd crush occurs when many people are packed (挤) together and begin to fall over one another.( 虽然人群挤压的风险很少见，但一旦发生就可能是致命的。当许多人挤在一起并开始互相摔倒时，就会发生人群挤压)”和下文“To avoid such a fate (命运), it’s best to escape the crush before it happens.(为了避免这样的命运，最好在踩踏发生之前就逃离它)”可知，选项说明发生挤压所带来的伤害。故G选项 “在过去，这种情况造成了可怕的伤害，甚至死亡”切题。故选G项。 12．根据上文“Avoid the middle or front; instead, pick the back of a crowd. It’s also important to trust your feelings.(避免在中间或前面；相反，选择人群的后面)”和下文“The more crowded the event becomes, the sooner you may need to return to a safe place.(活动越拥挤，你可能需要越早回到安全的地方)”可知，选项承接上下文说明人群越来越拥挤时的感觉和处理。故B选项“保持警觉，看看你在任何时候是否感到被挤”切题。故选B项。 13．根据下文“Trying to move against a large group of people will only end in disaster.(试图在一大群人中逆流而行只会以灾难告终)”可知，选项应指出要随着人流移动。故C选项“还要确保随人群的流动而移动”切题。故选C项。 14．根据下文“Once one person falls down, more people tend to fall over them. So if your neighbor in the crowd falls to the ground, help them up.(一旦一个人倒下，就会有更多的人倒在他身上。所以如果你的邻居在人群中跌倒在地，扶起他们)”可知，本段主要讲要帮助别人。故D选项“帮助他人是保证每个人安全的另一个好方法”切题，为本段的主旨句。故选D项。 15．根据上文“A common cause of death in a crowd crush isn’t being crushed but rather a lack of air. It’s best to hold out your arms in front of your chest(胸部).(在人群挤压中死亡的常见原因不是被挤压，而是缺乏空气。最好把你的手臂伸到胸前)”可知，选项承接上文说明上文动作的作用。故F选项“这会在你和你前面的人之间留出空间”切题，this指代上文提到的“hold out your arms in front of your chest”。故选F项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $