精品解析：山东省菏泽市县鄄城县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题

2024级高二第一次定时训练 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The biology course. B. Their study partners. C. The results of the test. 3. When will the speakers get to Grace’s house? A. At 7:00. B. At 6:50. C. At 6:30. 4. Why does the man have so many clocks? A. He has trouble getting up. B. He likes collecting clocks. C. He often forgets about time. 5. Where is Mimi probably? A. At home. B. At school. C. At a hospital. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the woman think of her trip? A. Amazing. B. Dangerous. C. Disappointing. 7. What does the man mean in the end? A. The woman should have gone hiking. B. The woman should have tried the dogsled. C. The woman should have climbed mountains. 听下面一段较长对话;回答以下小题。 8. What kind of painting does the man like? A. Watercolor paintings. B. Oil paintings. C. Ink paintings. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Hobbies. B. A famous painting. C. Their university classes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What are the speakers doing now? A. Playing the violin. B. Talking about music. C. Having a class. 11. In what aspect does Anna make a mistake? A. The topic of the report. B. The problem people are involved in. C. The performance of playing the violin. 12. What do we know about Anna? A She is active in class. B. She is late for the class. C. She likes playing the violin. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题 13. What will the woman do on the weekend? A. Go to the concert. B. Mark the papers. C. Rest in her dorm. 14. Why did the woman offer to help Mathers? A. To get money for concert tickets. B. To prove herself to be responsible. C. To earn money for further education. 15. When will the man tell the woman about the concert? A This Saturday. B. Next Monday. C. Next Tuesday. 16. What might the woman be? A. A student. B. A professor. C. A band member. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How many group workshops are introduced? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. 18. What do these workshops have in common? A. They all last for three hours. B. They deal with the same topic. C They are free to all enrolled students. 19. Which workshop is held later in the year? A. The Anxiety workshop. B. The Adjusting workshop. C. The Communicating workshop. 20. Who is the Motivation workshop intended for? A. The foreign students. B. The research students. C. The first-year students. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A PRACTITIONERS Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials(证明)of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry(c.1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Tan Yunxian(1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期)with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler(1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. 1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common? A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Being hired as physicians. C. Performing surgery. D. Being banned from medicine. 2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners? A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials. C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education. 3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree? A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian. C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.(她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813(她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.(Tan写了一本书《女医生语录》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。通过文章最后一部分的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.(四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。 B “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 4. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 5. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 7. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 C If the ball goes out of bounds in say, a soccer game, it’s up to the referees to call the violation(犯规). But in a high-level curling(冰壶) match, the stones are somewhat self-policing——thanks to the red and green lights atop each one. As long as the curler releases the stone before the front of it crosses the first red line——the “hog line”, the lights will stay green, and play will continue. If you see the red lights come on, that means the curler keeps his/her hand on the handle too long, committing a hog line violation. The shot is disqualified, and the stone is quickly removed so it doesn’t disturb other stones on the curling sheet. The detection system, called “Eye on the Hog”, dates back to the late 1990s, when University of Saskatchewan engineering professor Eric Salt suggested that some of his advanced electrical engineering students invent one for a class project: With his help, they did, and Canadian engineering company Startco improved their design and brought it to market. The Canadian Curling Association soon adopted it for official use, and its popularity grew from there. Basically, there’s a magnetic strip(磁条) fixed beneath the ice slightly behind the hog line. Inside the stone is an electrical circuit(电路), whose current is affected when you’re touching the handle. If you’re still touching the handle when the stone crosses the in-ice magnet, it’ll set off the battery-operated red lights. Release the handle before the stone reaches the magnet and the green lights will flash until the stone gets there. At that moment, the flashing will switch to a steady green to indicate that the release is qualified. This system also explains why the player releasing the stone doesn’t wear a glove on their delivery hand: They’re not allowed to, since gloves are banned access to the touch sensor. Due to the high capacity of Olympic curlers, hog line violations aren’t common in Olympic curling matches——so you don’t often get to see the red lights in action. 8. What does committing the hog line violation mean? A. The curler crosses the first red line. B. The curler loses control of the handle. C. The curler touches a red light on the stone. D. The curler doesn’t release the stone in time. 9. What does the third paragraph focus on concerning “Eye on the Hog”? A. Its origin. B. Its popularity. C. Its initial users. D. Its key functions. 10. What’s the function of the in-ice magnet strip? A. To locate the hog line. B. To test the power of batteries. C. To control the progress of the game. D. To sense the in-stone electric current. 11. Why are the red lights seldom seen flashing in Olympic curling matches? A. The players wear special gloves. B. The players are forbidden to touch them. C. The detection system mostly has low sensitivity. D. The players are too expert to commit the violation. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰壶赛场的检测器械：Eye on the Hog，介绍了该技术的起源以及应用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If you see the red lights come on, that means the curler keeps his/her hand on the handle too long, committing a hog line violation. (如果你看到红灯亮起，那就意味球员手握手柄的时间过长，违反了“hog line”规则。)”可知，违反这一规则意味着球员握手柄时间过长，也就是未能及时投掷。故选D。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The detection system, called “Eye on the Hog”, dates back to the late 1990s, when University of Saskatchewan engineering professor Eric Salt suggested that some of his advanced electrical engineering students invent one for a class project(这个被称为“Eye on the Hog”的检测系统可以追溯到20世纪90年代末，当时萨斯喀彻温大学的工程学教授埃里克·索尔特建议他的一些高级电气工程专业的学生发明一个用于课堂项目)”可知，本段主要讲述的是该检测系统的起源。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“If you’re still touching the handle when the stone crosses the in-ice magnet, it’ll set off the battery-operated red lights.(当石头穿过冰下磁条时，如果你还在触摸把手，就会触发电池供电的红灯。)”可推断，冰下磁条的作用是感知电。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Due to the high capacity of Olympic curlers, hog line violations aren’t common in Olympic curling matches——so you don’t often get to see the red lights in action.(由于奥运会冰壶运动员的水平较高，违反冰壶规则的情况在奥运会冰壶比赛中并不常见——所以你不会经常看到比赛中的红灯。)”可知，不常看到红灯亮是因为运动员很专业，不会犯规。故选D。 D New research found that children with positive, early interactions with their care givers were at reduced risk of childhood obesity(肥胖). Brandi Rollins, assistant research professor of biobehavioral health, said her study team took a strength-based approach in analyzing data from over 1,000 mother-child pairs, finding that children's early exposures to family psychosocial assets, including a quality home environment, emotional warmth from the mother, and a child's ability to self-control, reduced the risk of developing childhood obesity. Encouragingly, these factors were protective even when children faced familial risks for obesity, including poverty or residence in a single-parent home. "Research on parenting has shown that these family assets influence children's behavior, academic success, career, and not surprisingly health," Rollins said. "It is significant that they also protect against childhood obesity because the family assets we studied are not food or diet-specific at all. It is heartening to know that, by providing a loving, safe environment, we can reduce the risk that children will develop obesity." "While the findings on severe obesity may seem discouraging, they offer some hope," Rollins explained. "Some risk factors, like household poverty, can be very difficult to change. Assets, on the other hand, may be easier to build. People can learn to parent responsively. It is encouraging that parenting really matters." Responsive parenting involves responding to children in a timely, sensitive, and age-appropriate manner according to the child's presenting needs. Parents may improve many outcomes for their children by learning responsive-parenting skills. Knowledge of responsive-parenting skills, however, may not lead directly to applying those skills in the home. "No one can read a brochure about cars and suddenly expect to drive," said Rollins. "Driving is a skill that requires education and practice. The same is true of responsive parenting." "Public health professionals, clinicians, and researchers must cooperate to help families develop psychosocial assets, including responsive parenting and a structured home environment," she continued. "This could improve childhood obesity rates and other important quality-of-life outcomes." 12. What does the underlined word "assets" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Tests. B. Advantages. C. Standards. D. Interventions. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The outcomes of child-centered diets. B. The effects of family assets on children. C. The specific solutions to family violence. D. The purpose of building a harmonious family. 14. Why does Rollins mention "a brochure about cars" in paragraph 6? A. To provide guidance on driving a car. B. To state the conditions required to drive. C. To suggest practicing parenting knowledge. D. To stress the need of building the child-parent bond. 15. Where does this text probably come from? A. A science magazine. B. A project handbook. C. A biology textbook. D. A nutrition journal. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新的研究发现，儿童在早期与照顾者进行积极的互动可以降低儿童肥胖的风险。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“including a quality home environment, emotional warmth from the mother, and a child's ability to self-control, reduced the risk of developing childhood obesity.”（包括一个高质量的家庭环境，母亲的情感温暖，以及孩子的自控能力，可以降低儿童肥胖的风险。）可知，从三个好的方面的前提以及降低儿童肥胖的风险，故可推测asset为“有利条件”意思。故选B项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“'Research on parenting has shown that these family assets influence children's behavior, academic success, career, and not surprisingly health,’ Rollins said. 'It is significant that they also protect against childhood obesity because the family assets we studied are not food or diet-specific at all. It is heartening to know that, by providing a loving, safe environment, we can reduce the risk that children will develop obesity.'”（罗林斯说:“关于育儿的研究表明，这些家庭优点会影响孩子的行为、学业成功、职业生涯，当然还有健康。”“重要的是，它们还可以防止儿童肥胖，因为我们研究的家庭优点完全不是食物或饮食特有的。通过提供一个有爱、安全的环境，我们可以降低儿童患肥胖症的风险，这是令人振奋的。”）可知，这段主要讲的是家庭资产对孩子的影响。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“Parents may improve many outcomes for their children by learning responsive-parenting skills. Knowledge of responsive-parenting skills, however, may not lead directly to applying those skills in the home. 'No one can read a brochure about cars and suddenly expect to drive,' said Rollins. 'Driving is a skill that requires education and practice. The same is true of responsive parenting.'”（父母可以通过学习有责任感的育儿技巧来改善孩子的许多结果。然而，关于应对式育儿技巧的知识可能不会直接导致在家庭中应用这些技巧。罗林斯说:“没有人会在看了一本关于汽车的小册子后突然想到要开车。”“驾驶是一项需要教育和实践的技能。响应式教育也是如此。”）可知，罗林斯在第6段提到“一本关于汽车的小册子”是为了建议实践育儿知识。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一二段“New research found that children with positive, early interactions with their care givers were at reduced risk of childhood obesity(肥胖). Brandi Rollins, assistant research professor of biobehavioral health, said her study team took a strength-based approach in analyzing data from over 1,000 mother-child pairs, finding that children's early exposures to family psychosocial assets, including a quality home environment, emotional warmth from the mother, and a child's ability to self-control, reduced the risk of developing childhood obesity.”（新的研究发现，儿童在早期与照顾者进行积极的互动可以降低儿童肥胖的风险。生物行为健康助理研究教授布兰迪·罗林斯说，她的研究团队采用了一种基于力量的方法，分析了1000多对母亲和孩子的数据，发现孩子早期接触家庭心理社会，包括一个高质量的家庭环境，母亲的情感温暖，以及孩子的自控能力，降低了儿童肥胖的风险。）可知，这篇文章可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While friendships are one of the most important connections a person can come across, friends may not always be part of our lives. ____16____ You Outgrow Each Other ____17____ These connections are mostly established on common ground: liking the same television shows, or enjoying similar kinds of music. There are times when companions grow out of each other and friendships die away gradually. What initially began as common ground has developed into different things between friends. A Fight Breaks Things Up While differences are encouraged, there are some disagreements that may not be resolved so easily. Friends sometimes hold different views on matters that are essential to their ways of life. ____18____ Likewise, where a betrayal (背叛) takes place, the friendship may be unable to survive the pain. Distance Complicates Things As everyday life goes on, moving away for work, marriage and other reasons can put some tension on the friendship. Honestly, there is no shortage of love between friends that find themselves in different parts of the world. ____19____ Eventually, friendships may end when too much time has passed and too many events may have occurred between once loved friends. When you lose a friend, it’s easy to get caught up in the pain of loss. Letting yourself feel the impact of a lost friend is admirable and even advisable. ____20____ Instead, learn to treasure other friends present in your life. Show your appreciation to those who invest efforts in your growth and happiness, spend time with them and then build your friendship. A. However, this should not last long. B. Here are reasons why a friendship may wind up. C. That may prevent the friendship from progressing. D. A friendship usually begins with innocent intentions. E. Learning about life with loss can put you in a better state. F. How to manage a friend’s absence is of great importance. G. And yet this distance can contribute to reduced communication. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述友谊可能结束的原因。 【16题详解】 下文“You Outgrow Each Other (你们会因长大而放弃彼此。)”及“A Fight Breaks Things Up (一场战斗打破了一切)”及“Distance Complicates Things (距离使事情变得复杂)”说明友谊可能会因为某些原因而结束。B项“Here are reasons why a friendship may wind up. (以下是友谊可能结束的原因。)”引领下文，说明友谊可能结束，并不总是我们生活的一部分。故选B。 【17题详解】 下文“These connections are mostly established on common ground: liking the same television shows, or enjoying similar kinds of music. (这些联系大多建立在共同点上：喜欢相同的电视节目，或欣赏类似类型的音乐。)”说明形成友谊的原因很简单。D项“A friendship usually begins with innocent intentions. (友谊通常始于天真的意图。)”引出下文，说明友谊始于天真的意图。故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“Friends sometimes hold different views on matters that are essential to their ways of life. (朋友有时对那些对他们的生活方式至关重要的事情持有不同的看法。)”及下文“Likewise, where a betrayal (背叛) takes place, the friendship may be unable to survive the pain. (同样地，如果发生背叛，友谊可能无法在痛苦中生存。)”说明意见不同和背叛会阻碍友谊的发展。C项“That may prevent the friendship from progressing. (这可能会阻止友谊的进展。)”承上启下，说明有些事情可以阻碍友谊的发展，故选C。 【19题详解】 上文“As everyday life goes on, moving away for work, marriage and other reasons can put some tension on the friendship. (随着日常生活的继续发展，因为工作，婚姻和其他原因而离开会给友谊带来一些紧张的关系。)”说明离开朋友会使朋友间的关系变得紧张。G项“And yet this distance can contribute to reduced communication. (然而，这种距离会导致沟通减少。)”承接上文，说明距离会减少沟通，从而破坏友谊，故选G。 【20题详解】 上文“When you lose a friend, it’s easy to get caught up in the pain of loss. Letting yourself feel the impact of a lost friend is admirable and even advisable. (当你失去一个朋友时，很容易陷入失去的痛苦中。让自己感受到失去的朋友的影响是令人钦佩的，甚至是可取的。)”说明失去朋友可能会陷入痛苦中。A项“However, this should not last long. (但是，这不应该持续很长时间。)”承接上文，说明失去朋友可能会陷入痛苦中，但作者建议不要难过太长时间。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Today I had lunch with Cynthia, a former student of mine. The go-to restaurant that I use for ____21____ like this is Merit Vegetarian. It’s a good ____22____ to vegan (纯素食的) food and everyone I’ve brought there has loved it. As I was waiting for Cynthia to arrive, I ____23____ someone saying they needed to go to their car to fetch cash in order to pay for something. When a man of them stepped outside, I spoke to the staff and ____24____ to pay their bill. As it turned out that it was just for a piece of cake, I asked them to just add it to my ____25____. I ____26____ the cashier a Smile Card, asking them to give it to the man. When he came back with his money, the man was ____27____ surprised. I thought I had done a good deed, but there were more ____28____ to come. Cynthia and I were seated enjoying a conversation and our lunch when Bill, a ____29____ at the restaurant, approached us. He explained that the couple on Table 1 had paid for our lunch, including the pie. Bill didn’t understand why, but I guessed it was just tiny waves of kindness ____30____ When we were getting ready to leave, I asked Cynthia to ____31____ a table so that we could keep the journey of kindness going. Although they all looked ____32____, she chose one. I called Bill over and said I wanted to pay for their lunch. He was beside himself with joy, smiling from ear to ear. I don't think he had ever ____33____ anything like this before. So far I’ve been able to ____34____ so much generosity and kindness in action. Whatever the reason, it’s not a coincidence (巧合). I really appreciate it and sincerely hope that the act of kindness could be ____35____. 21. A. interviews B. assessment C. service D. events 22. A. limit B. reply C. introduction D. solution 23. A. remembered B. stopped C. heard D. understood 24. A. agreed B. offered C. hesitated D. managed 25. A. bill B. list C. order D. menu 26. A. promised B. handed C. returned D. sent 27. A. secretly B. barely C. pleasantly D. regretfully 28. A. projects B. expenses C. excuses D. surprises 29. A. customer B. cashier C. stranger D. waiter 30. A. freezing B. sinking C. gathering D. spreading 31. A. pick out B. appeal to C. ring up D. stand by 32. A. deserving B. demanding C. absent-minded D. well-informed 33. A. requested B. evaluated C. observed D. dominated 34. A. transform B. experience C. decline D. emphasize 35. A. approved of B. passed on C. taken over D. dealt with 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和学生在餐厅吃饭时，主动提出为他人付账，随后一对夫妇又为作者他们付了账。于是作者他们在离开的时候，选择将这种善举传递下去，又选择了为他人付账。作者在其中体验到了慷慨和善良，真诚地希望这个善举能被传承下去。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参加这种活动的首选餐厅是Merit Vegetarian。A. interviews采访；B. assessment评估；C. service服务；D. events事件，活动。此处指上文“Today I had lunch with Cynthia, a former student of mine.(今天我和辛西娅共进午餐，她是我以前的学生)”作者要和以前的学生吃午饭这个活动。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对素食的一个很好的介绍，我带到那里的每个人都喜欢它。A. limit限制；B. reply回应；C. introduction介绍；D. solution解决方案。根据后文“to vegan food”可知作者想通过在这家餐厅，给别人介绍素食。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我等待辛西娅到来的时候，我听到有人说他们需要去车里取现金来支付一些费用。A. remembered记得；B. stopped停止；C. heard听见；D. understood理解。根据后文“someone saying they needed to go to their car”可知，作者听到了别人的对话。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们中的一个人走到外面时，我和工作人员谈了谈，并表示愿意为他们付账。A. agreed同意；B. offered提议，提供；C. hesitated犹豫；D. managed管理。根据后文“to pay their bill”可知作者提议为他人付账。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果证明这只是小菜一碟，我请他们把它加到我的账单上。A. bill账单；B. list清单；C. order订单；D. menu菜单。呼应上文“to pay their bill”作者要为他人付账，所以是把账单加到自己的账单上。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我递给收银员一张微笑卡，让他们把它给那个人。A. promised承诺；B. handed递给；C. returned返回；D. sent发送。根据后文“the cashier a Smile Card”指递给某人某物，应用hand sb. sth.。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他带着钱回来时，那人感到惊喜。A. secretly秘密地；B. barely几乎不；C. pleasantly愉快地；D. regretfully后悔地。根据后文surprised可知，得知被人付了账，那个人很惊喜。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为我做了一件好事，但接下来有了更多的惊喜。A. projects项目；B. expenses花费；C. excuses借口；D. surprises惊喜。呼应上文surprised，指随后有了更多的惊喜。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：辛西娅和我正坐在一起聊天和吃午饭，这时餐馆的服务员比尔走近我们。A. customer顾客；B. cashier收银员；C. stranger陌生人；D. waiter服务员。根据后文“He explained that the couple on Table 1 had paid for our lunch, including the pie.(他解释说，1号桌的那对夫妇为我们的午餐付了钱，包括馅饼)”可知，比尔是餐厅的服务员。故选D。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：比尔不明白为什么，但我猜这只是善意的小小传播。A. freezing结冰；B. sinking下沉；C. gathering聚集；D. spreading传播。根据上文“I guessed it was just tiny waves of kindness”可知，作者为他人付了账，随后又有他人为作者他们付账，所以是善意的传播。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们准备离开时，我请辛西娅挑一张桌子，这样我们就可以继续善举之旅了。A. pick out挑选出；B. appeal to呼吁；C. ring up打电话；D. stand by支持。根据后文“a table so that we could keep the journey of kindness going”指挑选一张桌子付账，来继续善举之旅。后文“she chose one”也是提示。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们看起来都很值得，但她还是选了一个。A. deserving值得的；B. demanding要求高的；C. absent-minded心不在焉的；D. well-informed消息灵通的。根据上文“Although they all looked”可知，这里指餐厅吃饭的人都值得他人的善举，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为他以前从未观察到过这样的情况。A. requested要求；B. evaluated评估；C. observed观察；D. dominated控制。根据后文“anything like this before”可知比尔以前从未见过这样的事情，observe此处表示“观察到，注意到”符合语境。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我已经能够在行动中体验到如此多的慷慨和善良。A. transform转变；B. experience经历；C. decline下降；D. emphasize强调。根据后文“so much generosity and kindness in action”可知，作者在这项行动中体验到许多慷慨和善良。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真的很感激，并真诚地希望这种善意的行为能够被传递下去。A. approved of支持；B. passed on传递；C. taken over接管；D. dealt with处理。此处与上文“we could keep the journey of kindness going”形成对应，指这种善意的行为能够被传递下去。故选B。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Born in Ningbo, China, Tu Youyou graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, she ___36___ (choose) into a research team ___37___ was formed by the Chinese government with the aim of discovering a new treatment ___38___ malaria. She and her teammates examined over 2,000 old medical texts,___39___ (evaluate) 280,000 plants for their medical properties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. As a ___40___(commit) and patient scientist, she never acknowledged defeat, whatever difficulty she met. After ___41___ (fail) to draw out useful extract by boiling the sweet wormwood, she began even ___42___ (careful) thinking and research work. She drew ___43___ conclusion that boiling the sweet wormwood ___44___ (destroy) its medical properties. So she used a lower temperature ____45____ (draw) out the extract and finally she succeeded. 【答案】36. was chosen 37. that##which 38. for 39. evaluated 40. committed 41. failing 42. more careful 43. a 44. destroyed 45. to draw 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍屠呦呦的背景及她带领团队研究抗疟药物青蒿素的过程。 【36题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：1967年，她被选入中国政府组建的一个研究团队，该团队旨在发现一种治疗疟疾的新方法。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In 1967”，用一般过去时；且she与choose为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she为单数，所以谓语动词为was chosen。故填was chosen。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1967年，她被选入中国政府组建的一个研究团队，该团队旨在发现一种治疗疟疾的新方法。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为a research team，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：1967年，她被选入中国政府组建的一个研究团队，该团队旨在发现一种治疗疟疾的新方法。此处为固定搭配“a treatment for...”，意为“治疗……的方法”，所以用介词for。故填for。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她和队友查阅了2000多本古老的医学文献，评估了28万种植物的药用价值，并测试了380种不同的、在抗疟方面显示出潜力的中国古代医疗方法。此处为谓语动词，与“examined”“tested”并列，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为evaluated。故填evaluated。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为一名尽心尽力且有耐心的科学家，无论遇到什么困难，她都从不承认失败。此处与patient并列修饰名词scientist，用commit的形容词形式committed，意为“尽心尽力的、坚定的”符合句意。故填committed。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在用煮沸的青蒿提取有效成分失败后，她开始了更加细致的思考和研究工作。此处位于介词After后，用fail的动名词形式failing。故填failing。 【42题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在用煮沸的青蒿提取有效成分失败后，她开始了更加细致的思考和研究工作。根据语境及even可知，此处表示“比之前更细致”，用careful的比较级more careful，修饰名词短语thinking and research work。故填more careful。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她得出结论：煮沸青蒿会破坏其药用成分。此处为固定搭配“draw a conclusion”，意为“得出结论”，conclusion为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她得出结论：煮沸青蒿会破坏其药用成分。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合句意以及主句的谓语动词drew可知，此处为过去研究中发现的事实，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为destroyed。故填destroyed。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：于是她用较低的温度来提取有效成分，最终成功了。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示“用较低温度”的目的是“提取有效成分”，用动词不定式to draw作目的状语。故填to draw。 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每题1分，共10分) 46. She spends a lot of time ________ (分析) her patients dreams. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】analysing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她花了很多时间分析她病人的梦。spend...(in) doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“花(时间)做……”，结合汉语提示可知，应填入动名词analysing，作宾语。故填analysing。 47. It is indeed an honour for China’s s________ (科学的) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】scientific##cientific 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的科学研究和中医药传播到世界各地确实是一种荣耀。根据汉语意思和首字母可知，此处应用形容词scientific作定语，修饰名词research，故填scientific。 48. He failed due to his low scores in the general part, despite ______ (获得) exceptional scores in maths and physics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】obtaining##gaining 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩，但由于他的综合成绩很低而未及格。表示“获得”可用动词obtain/gain，位于介词despite后，应用动名词形式作宾语。故填obtaining/gaining。 49. Under no ______ (条件) should we do terrible things to other people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】circumstances 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在任何情况下我们都不应该对他人做可怕的事情。Under no circumstances是固定搭配，表示“无论如何都不、决不”，该短语位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构。根据汉语提示，故填circumstances。 50. Following this, he ________ (逐渐) became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】gradually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：此后，他逐渐以新的艾萨克·牛顿而闻名于世。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，根据提示的汉语，表示“逐渐”应为gradually符合句意。故填gradually。 51. As a ______(结果), he had to flee Germany. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】consequence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：结果，他不得不逃离德国。as a consequence结果。符合语境，故填consequence。 52. As a botanist, he takes notes on the properties of any plant he ______(遇到). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】encounters 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：作为一名植物学家，他会详细记录所遇到的任何植物的特性。根据汉语提示可知用动词encounter，根据句意，表示日常惯例，定语从句的谓语为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填encounters。 53. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite ______(小说家). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】novelist 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师让我们听他最喜欢的小说家做的演讲。“小说家”表达为名词novelist，根据a speech by his favorite，可知设空处应用单数形式的名词，作by 的宾语。故填novelist。 54. Elon Musk ______(建立) high-tech and futuristic companies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】founded 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：埃隆·马斯克创立了高科技和未来公司。根据汉语提示可知，表示“建立”可用动词found作谓语，再分析句意可知，可用一般过去时来陈述过去事实，所以谓语动词用动词的过去式。故填founded。 55. It can be ________(推断) from the first two paragraphs that we should be content with what we already have. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】inferred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词以及语态。句意：从前两段可以推断，我们应该满足于我们已经拥有的。句中It作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句作真正主语，“推断”在句中作谓语动词，为动词infer，主语与infer之间为被动关系，空前有can be，此空填动词infer的过去分词形式inferred，构成被动语态。“It can be inferred from...”是固定句型，意为“从…… 中可以推断出……”，符合语境。故填inferred。 第四节 句子翻译(共5小题;每题3分，共15分) 56. 我很荣幸站在这里给大家分享学习经验。(it’s an honour for sb. to do sth.) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s indeed an honour for me to stand here and share my learning experience with all of you. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、副词、动词（短语）和名词短语。“某人荣幸做某事”可用提示所给的固定句型it’s an honour for sb. to do sth.，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语，“很”可用副词indeed，“我”用代词me，“站在这里”可用动词短语stand here，“给大家分享学习经验”可用动词短语share my learning experience with all of you，两个短语之间用并列连词and连接。故可译为：It’s indeed an honour for me to stand here and share my learning experience with all of you. 57. 当我走进教室的时候，我发现所有的学生都在埋头读书。(find+宾语+宾补)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I walked into/came into/entered the classroom, I found all the students buried in reading. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。表示“当……时候”用when，引导时间状语从句，主语为I；表示“走进教室”短语为walk into/come into/enter the classroom；主句主语为I；表示“发现某人……”可用find+宾语+宾补，故“发现所有的学生都在埋头读书”翻译为find all the students buried in reading，发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为When I walked into/came into/entered the classroom, I found all the students buried in reading. 58. 我一到达那里，我们就帮忙采摘西瓜。(on/upon doing sth.) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On/Upon arriving there, we helped to pick watermelons. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示可知，“一…… 就……”可表达为“on/upon doing sth.”，“到达那里”译为“arrive there”，用动名词形式作on/upon宾语，“帮忙做某事”常用动词短语“help to do sth.”，“采摘西瓜”为动宾短语“pick watermelons”，结合句意可知，该句陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：On/Upon arriving there, we helped to pick watermelons. 59. 据说，爱因斯坦(Einstein)与世长辞，全世界都悼念他。(It+be+过去分词+that从句)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was said that Einstein had passed away/ died, and the whole world mourned him. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态以及固定句型。“It + be + 过去分词 + that从句”，这里“据说”表达为“It was said that” ，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。“与世长辞”可表达为“pass away”或“die”，爱因斯坦去世这个动作发生在“was said”之前，即过去的过去，要用过去完成时“had + 过去分词”；“悼念”表达为“mourn”，“全世界”是“the whole world”，表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式“mourned” 。故译为It was said that Einstein had passed away/ died, and the whole world mourned him. 60. 该药物试用于重症患者，其中大多数人康复了。(非限定性定语从句)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The medicine was tested on serious patients, most of whom recovered. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、被动语态及非限定性定语从句。表示“该药物”应用名词the medicine；“药物”与“试用”为被动关系，应用被动语态be tested on，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，故为was tested on；表示“重症患者”短语为 serious patients；题目要求用非限定性定语从句，先行词为 patients，指人，关系词在从句中作 of 的宾语，应用 whom引导，“其中大多数人”表达为 most of whom，“康复”应用动词recover，从句因表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时recovered，故翻译为The medicine was tested on serious patients, most of whom recovered。 第四部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 61. 假设你是李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括： 1、该人物是谁； 2、该人物的主要贡献； 3、该人物对你的影响。 注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Yours Lihua 【答案】Dear Jim, It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history. As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi (Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China, which opened our eyes to the world. So he and his works are still worthy of being respected by us now. In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world. Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jim写封信，介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物，内容包括：1、该人物是谁；2、该人物的主要贡献；3、该人物对你的影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激励：inspire→motivate 至于，关于：as for→with regard to 值得做：be worthy of being done→be worth doing 事实上：in fact→as a matter of fact 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. 拓展句：As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, who was a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. 【点睛】[高分句型1] So he and his works are still worthy of being respected by us now. (运用了动名词的被动式作宾语) [高分句型2] He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi (Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China, which opened our eyes to the world. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024级高二第一次定时训练 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The biology course. B. Their study partners. C. The results of the test. 3. When will the speakers get to Grace’s house? A. At 7:00. B. At 6:50. C. At 6:30. 4. Why does the man have so many clocks? A. He has trouble getting up. B. He likes collecting clocks. C. He often forgets about time. 5. Where is Mimi probably? A. At home. B. At school. C. At a hospital. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the woman think of her trip? A. Amazing. B. Dangerous. C. Disappointing. 7. What does the man mean in the end? A. The woman should have gone hiking. B. The woman should have tried the dogsled. C. The woman should have climbed mountains. 听下面一段较长对话;回答以下小题。 8. What kind of painting does the man like? A. Watercolor paintings. B. Oil paintings. C. Ink paintings. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Hobbies. B. A famous painting. C. Their university classes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What are the speakers doing now? A. Playing the violin. B. Talking about music. C. Having a class. 11. In what aspect does Anna make a mistake? A. The topic of the report. B. The problem people are involved in. C The performance of playing the violin. 12. What do we know about Anna? A. She is active in class. B. She is late for the class. C. She likes playing the violin. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题 13. What will the woman do on the weekend? A. Go to the concert. B. Mark the papers. C. Rest in her dorm. 14. Why did the woman offer to help Mathers? A. To get money for concert tickets. B. To prove herself to be responsible. C. To earn money for further education. 15. When will the man tell the woman about the concert? A. This Saturday. B. Next Monday. C. Next Tuesday. 16. What might the woman be? A. A student. B. A professor. C. A band member. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How many group workshops are introduced? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. 18. What do these workshops have in common? A. They all last for three hours. B. They deal with the same topic. C. They are free to all enrolled students. 19. Which workshop is held later in the year? A. The Anxiety workshop. B. The Adjusting workshop. C. The Communicating workshop. 20. Who is the Motivation workshop intended for? A. The foreign students. B The research students. C. The first-year students. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A PRACTITIONERS Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials(证明)of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry(c.1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. Tan Yunxian(1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期)with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler(1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. 1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common? A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Being hired as physicians. C. Performing surgery. D. Being banned from medicine. 2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners? A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials. C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education. 3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree? A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian. C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler. B “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 4. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 5. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 6. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 7. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. C If the ball goes out of bounds in say, a soccer game, it’s up to the referees to call the violation(犯规). But in a high-level curling(冰壶) match, the stones are somewhat self-policing——thanks to the red and green lights atop each one. As long as the curler releases the stone before the front of it crosses the first red line——the “hog line”, the lights will stay green, and play will continue. If you see the red lights come on, that means the curler keeps his/her hand on the handle too long, committing a hog line violation. The shot is disqualified, and the stone is quickly removed so it doesn’t disturb other stones on the curling sheet. The detection system, called “Eye on the Hog”, dates back to the late 1990s, when University of Saskatchewan engineering professor Eric Salt suggested that some of his advanced electrical engineering students invent one for a class project: With his help, they did, and Canadian engineering company Startco improved their design and brought it to market. The Canadian Curling Association soon adopted it for official use, and its popularity grew from there. Basically, there’s a magnetic strip(磁条) fixed beneath the ice slightly behind the hog line. Inside the stone is an electrical circuit(电路), whose current is affected when you’re touching the handle. If you’re still touching the handle when the stone crosses the in-ice magnet, it’ll set off the battery-operated red lights. Release the handle before the stone reaches the magnet and the green lights will flash until the stone gets there. At that moment, the flashing will switch to a steady green to indicate that the release is qualified. This system also explains why the player releasing the stone doesn’t wear a glove on their delivery hand: They’re not allowed to, since gloves are banned access to the touch sensor. Due to the high capacity of Olympic curlers hog line violations aren’t common in Olympic curling matches——so you don’t often get to see the red lights in action. 8. What does committing the hog line violation mean? A. The curler crosses the first red line. B. The curler loses control of the handle. C The curler touches a red light on the stone. D. The curler doesn’t release the stone in time. 9. What does the third paragraph focus on concerning “Eye on the Hog”? A. Its origin. B. Its popularity. C. Its initial users. D. Its key functions. 10. What’s the function of the in-ice magnet strip? A. To locate the hog line. B. To test the power of batteries. C. To control the progress of the game. D. To sense the in-stone electric current. 11. Why are the red lights seldom seen flashing in Olympic curling matches? A. The players wear special gloves. B. The players are forbidden to touch them. C. The detection system mostly has low sensitivity. D. The players are too expert to commit the violation. D New research found that children with positive, early interactions with their care givers were at reduced risk of childhood obesity(肥胖). Brandi Rollins, assistant research professor of biobehavioral health, said her study team took a strength-based approach in analyzing data from over 1,000 mother-child pairs, finding that children's early exposures to family psychosocial assets, including a quality home environment, emotional warmth from the mother, and a child's ability to self-control, reduced the risk of developing childhood obesity. Encouragingly, these factors were protective even when children faced familial risks for obesity, including poverty or residence in a single-parent home. "Research on parenting has shown that these family assets influence children's behavior, academic success, career, and not surprisingly health," Rollins said. "It is significant that they also protect against childhood obesity because the family assets we studied are not food or diet-specific at all. It is heartening to know that, by providing a loving, safe environment, we can reduce the risk that children will develop obesity." "While the findings on severe obesity may seem discouraging, they offer some hope," Rollins explained. "Some risk factors, like household poverty, can be very difficult to change. Assets, on the other hand, may be easier to build. People can learn to parent responsively. It is encouraging that parenting really matters." Responsive parenting involves responding to children in a timely, sensitive, and age-appropriate manner according to the child's presenting needs. Parents may improve many outcomes for their children by learning responsive-parenting skills. Knowledge of responsive-parenting skills, however, may not lead directly to applying those skills in the home. "No one can read a brochure about cars and suddenly expect to drive," said Rollins. "Driving is a skill that requires education and practice. The same is true of responsive parenting." "Public health professionals, clinicians, and researchers must cooperate to help families develop psychosocial assets, including responsive parenting and a structured home environment," she continued. "This could improve childhood obesity rates and other important quality-of-life outcomes." 12. What does the underlined word "assets" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Tests. B. Advantages. C. Standards. D. Interventions. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The outcomes of child-centered diets. B. The effects of family assets on children. C. The specific solutions to family violence. D. The purpose of building a harmonious family. 14. Why does Rollins mention "a brochure about cars" in paragraph 6? A. To provide guidance on driving a car. B. To state the conditions required to drive. C. To suggest practicing parenting knowledge. D. To stress the need of building the child-parent bond. 15. Where does this text probably come from? A. A science magazine. B. A project handbook. C. A biology textbook. D. A nutrition journal. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While friendships are one of the most important connections a person can come across, friends may not always be part of our lives. ____16____ You Outgrow Each Other ____17____ These connections are mostly established on common ground: liking the same television shows, or enjoying similar kinds of music. There are times when companions grow out of each other and friendships die away gradually. What initially began as common ground has developed into different things between friends. A Fight Breaks Things Up While differences are encouraged, there are some disagreements that may not be resolved so easily. Friends sometimes hold different views on matters that are essential to their ways of life. ____18____ Likewise, where a betrayal (背叛) takes place, the friendship may be unable to survive the pain. Distance Complicates Things As everyday life goes on, moving away for work, marriage and other reasons can put some tension on the friendship. Honestly, there is no shortage of love between friends that find themselves in different parts of the world. ____19____ Eventually, friendships may end when too much time has passed and too many events may have occurred between once loved friends. When you lose a friend, it’s easy to get caught up in the pain of loss. Letting yourself feel the impact of a lost friend is admirable and even advisable. ____20____ Instead, learn to treasure other friends present in your life. Show your appreciation to those who invest efforts in your growth and happiness, spend time with them and then build your friendship. A. However, this should not last long. B. Here are reasons why a friendship may wind up. C. That may prevent the friendship from progressing. D. A friendship usually begins with innocent intentions. E. Learning about life with loss can put you in a better state. F. How to manage a friend’s absence is of great importance. G. And yet this distance can contribute to reduced communication. 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Today I had lunch with Cynthia, a former student of mine. The go-to restaurant that I use for ____21____ like this is Merit Vegetarian. It’s a good ____22____ to vegan (纯素食的) food and everyone I’ve brought there has loved it. As I was waiting for Cynthia to arrive, I ____23____ someone saying they needed to go to their car to fetch cash in order to pay for something. When a man of them stepped outside, I spoke to the staff and ____24____ to pay their bill. As it turned out that it was just for a piece of cake, I asked them to just add it to my ____25____. I ____26____ the cashier a Smile Card, asking them to give it to the man. When he came back with his money, the man was ____27____ surprised. I thought I had done a good deed, but there were more ____28____ to come. Cynthia and I were seated enjoying a conversation and our lunch when Bill, a ____29____ at the restaurant, approached us. He explained that the couple on Table 1 had paid for our lunch, including the pie. Bill didn’t understand why, but I guessed it was just tiny waves of kindness ____30____ When we were getting ready to leave, I asked Cynthia to ____31____ a table so that we could keep the journey of kindness going. Although they all looked ____32____, she chose one. I called Bill over and said I wanted to pay for their lunch. He was beside himself with joy, smiling from ear to ear. I don't think he had ever ____33____ anything like this before. So far I’ve been able to ____34____ so much generosity and kindness in action. Whatever the reason, it’s not a coincidence (巧合). I really appreciate it and sincerely hope that the act of kindness could be ____35____. 21. A. interviews B. assessment C. service D. events 22. A. limit B. reply C. introduction D. solution 23. A. remembered B. stopped C. heard D. understood 24. A. agreed B. offered C. hesitated D. managed 25. A. bill B. list C. order D. menu 26. A. promised B. handed C. returned D. sent 27. A. secretly B. barely C. pleasantly D. regretfully 28. A. projects B. expenses C. excuses D. surprises 29. A. customer B. cashier C. stranger D. waiter 30. A. freezing B. sinking C. gathering D. spreading 31. A. pick out B. appeal to C. ring up D. stand by 32. A. deserving B. demanding C. absent-minded D. well-informed 33. A. requested B. evaluated C. observed D. dominated 34. A. transform B. experience C. decline D. emphasize 35. A. approved of B. passed on C. taken over D. dealt with 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Born in Ningbo, China, Tu Youyou graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, she ___36___ (choose) into a research team ___37___ was formed by the Chinese government with the aim of discovering a new treatment ___38___ malaria. She and her teammates examined over 2,000 old medical texts,___39___ (evaluate) 280,000 plants for their medical properties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. As a ___40___(commit) and patient scientist, she never acknowledged defeat, whatever difficulty she met. After ___41___ (fail) to draw out useful extract by boiling the sweet wormwood, she began even ___42___ (careful) thinking and research work. She drew ___43___ conclusion that boiling the sweet wormwood ___44___ (destroy) its medical properties. So she used a lower temperature ____45____ (draw) out the extract and finally she succeeded. 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每题1分，共10分) 46. She spends a lot of time ________ (分析) her patients dreams. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 47. It is indeed an honour for China’s s________ (科学的) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (根据中英文提示填空) 48. He failed due to his low scores in the general part, despite ______ (获得) exceptional scores in maths and physics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Under no ______ (条件) should we do terrible things to other people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. Following this, he ________ (逐渐) became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. As a ______(结果) he had to flee Germany. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. As a botanist, he takes notes on the properties of any plant he ______(遇到). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favorite ______(小说家). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Elon Musk ______(建立) high-tech and futuristic companies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. It can be ________(推断) from the first two paragraphs that we should be content with what we already have. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四节 句子翻译(共5小题;每题3分，共15分) 56. 我很荣幸站在这里给大家分享学习经验。(it’s an honour for sb. to do sth.) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. 当我走进教室的时候，我发现所有的学生都在埋头读书。(find+宾语+宾补)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 58. 我一到达那里，我们就帮忙采摘西瓜。(on/upon doing sth.) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________ 59. 据说，爱因斯坦(Einstein)与世长辞，全世界都悼念他。(It+be+过去分词+that从句)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. 该药物试用于重症患者，其中大多数人康复了。(非限定性定语从句)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 61. 假设你是李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括： 1、该人物是谁； 2、该人物的主要贡献； 3、该人物对你的影响。 注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Yours Lihua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $