精品解析：北京市第二中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学测英语试题

北京二中 2025-2026学年度高三年级开学测试试卷 英语 第一部分: 知识运用（共两节, 30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My twin sister, Dawn, born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), has to wear braces (背带) on her legs and walk with the help of a stick, often causing people to ___1___ and point. As Dawn was the only “different” child in our neighborhood, we were constantly picked on. We never had any friends because of her condition. I began to ___2___ Dawn and was embarrassed to be seen with her. So I did everything to get her into trouble to ___3___ her being born mentally and physically disabled. When I turned twelve, my mother was so displeased with my behavior. She figured I was old enough to know better. One day she threw me in my bedroom and gave me a thick yellow book. What I saw in that book ___4___ the way I viewed my disabled sister. There were many baby pictures of Dawn and me dressed alike, the only ___5___: I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines. If you looked closely, you could see the ___6___ in her eyes though she was always smiling. One picture stood out: we were hugging each other. The words below read, “I’m so happy to have a twin sister, Netti. The doctors make me cry. She makes me laugh.” Looking back, I realized how ___7___ I had been! I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes! Feeling ___8___ I cried myself to sleep. Later, Dawn came into my room to wake me up for dinner. I kissed her and hugged her ___9___ like in the picture. From then on, I was Dawn's protector. No one was going to hurt her for any reason. We are ___10___. I am the other half of her and she is my world. 1. A. complain B. wander C. stare D. envy 2. A. hate B. pity C. disturb D. warn 3. A. put up with B. make use of C. keep track of D. get back at 4. A. formed B. changed C. explained D. confirmed 5. A. problem B. spotlight C. similarity D. difference 6. A. courage B. disappointment C. pain D. concern 7. A. rude B. selfish C. responsible D. innocent 8 A. helpless B. unhappy C. desperate D. ashamed 9. A. politely B. seriously C. tightly D. purposely 10. A. irreplaceable B. undefeatable C. unimaginable D. inseparable 第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Space exploration began in 1957, when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union. Yuri Gagarin ____11____ (become) the first person to orbit(环绕) the earth in 1961. In 1969, Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk ____12____ the moon. Since then, space exploration has advanced very ____13____ (rapid). It has produced, much ____14____ (amaze) technology that brings changes to the world. B 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Leaf-cutter ants are interesting. ____15____(look) for leaves, the larger ants usually go out in groups. They bite of bits of leaves and carry them back. Watching these ants march in single file, carrying leaves, is quite a sight. These ants can carry a leaf that ____16____ (weigh) 20 times more than they do. The leaves ____17____ (collect) by the ants are not for eating. They are brought back so fungus(真菌) can grow on them. The fungus is the food for the ants. C 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Storyboards are a set of drawings to tell a story and a powerful way to visually present information. The original storyboards, ____18____ were used in movie-making, showed stories broken up into pieces. Each piece of the story ____19____ (draw) out on a card and stuck to a board in order. People were then able to talk about and revise the story by checking one part at a time. That is ____20____ I know about storyboards. 第二部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 38分） 第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Uses of Banana Peels (皮) You Probably Ignored Soothes the itchy (发痒的) insect bites With the good weather approaching, various bugs, insects and mosquitoes multiply. If you want to relieve the sting or bite of these insects naturally, banana peel can help you. Rub the red, inflamed bites with the inside of the banana peel. The banana polysaccharides (多糖) infiltrate the skin and reduce the swell. ________________ Spring then summer is coming, and there’s one little annoying thing: the flies. To catch them, you can make a trap made of natural ingredients. All you will need is a large yogurt cup, banana peels, a hammer and a nail. Make holes at the bottom of the yogurt cup with the hammer and nail, place the banana peels inside, turn it over, and place it near the food that you are trying to protect. Flies will get into the sweet smell in the holes, but there is no way out of the yogurt cup. Cheap and simple teeth whitening You don’t have to spend a huge amount of your salary on aesthetic dentistry to make your teeth whiter. Simply rub your freshly-brushed teeth with the inside of the banana peel every day for about 2 minutes. Salicylic acid in bananas gently bleaches teeth, effectively eliminating dirt which causes discoloration. Water purification This effect was the most surprising for us. The Sao Paulo Research Foundation, led by Gustavo R. Castro, tested the suitability of banana peels for the treatment of wastewater from industrial plants. It turned out that the banana peel adsorbs heavy metals such as lead and copper from the water. Erases the ink stain (污点) If ink gets on your skin, it is difficult to clean it off. Only with water and soap is it almost impossible to make your hands clean. But the good news is that the banana peel is good for that—rub the patches on the inside of the peel and see how they disappear. 21. According to the passage, in which of the following situations can banana peels be of some help? A. You are disturbed by mosquitoes flying nearby. B. You are bitten by a bee in the garden. C. You are suffering from a toothache. D. Your coat is stained with oil. 22. Which of the following is the best heading for paragraph 2? A. Facial mask B. Pain Reliever C. Natural fly trap D. Reduces wrinkles 23. How can banana peels help purify water? A. By protecting the water from insects. B. By reducing some chemical elements. C. By adding some nutrition to the water. D. By removing the smell of the wastewater. B Honk if You Love Birds When Ariel Cordova-Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she spotted a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Cordova-Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move. She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. And then a thought struck her: What do I do now? Her best bet was the rehab center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some bemused strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. On the subway, no one seemed particularly annoyed by the feathered passenger. “One guy”, says Cordova-Rojas, “was sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.” Cordova-Rojas called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines. The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet. She even made a boyfriend at the center — another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that TLC, the swan contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to her rescue, she passed away. It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city — literally. “In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway,” says Higginbotham, “That’s the perfect summary of who she is.” 24. What happened when Ariel Cordova-Rojas went on her trip to Queens? A. She was attacked by an aggressive swan when watching birds. B. She discovered a sick mute swan and took it to the rehab center. C. A female swan was transported to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge. D. A female swan was lifted to the nearby subway station by strangers. 25 What can we learn about the swan in the passage? A. It had never been to a rehab center before. B. It bothered the travelers on the subway. C. It was poisoned and then contracted an infection. D. It was successfully rescued by all the passers-by. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Ariel Cordova-Rojas? A. Enthusiastic and creative. B. Cooperative and generous. C Responsible and ambitious. D. Warm-hearted and professional. C This week I watched an international news program and saw what looked like most of the planet—the Americas, Africa, Europe, Asia—painted in bright oranges and reds. Fahrenheit (华氏温度的) temperatures in three-digit numbers seemed to burn all over on the world map. Heat records have burst around the globe. This very weekend, crops are burning, roads are bending and seas are rising, while lakes recede, or even disappear. Ice sheets melt in rising heat, and wildfires attack forests. People are dying in this heat. Lives of all kinds are threatened, in cities, fields, seas, deserts and forests. Wildlife, farm animals, insects and human beings are in pain. The UN’s World Meteorological Organization (WMO) says there is more deadly heat in our future because of climate change caused by our species on this planet. Even with advances in wind, solar and other alternative energy sources, and international promises and agreements, the world still derives about 80% of its energy from fossil fuels, like oil, gas and coal, which release the carbon dioxide that’s warmed the climate to the current temperatures of this hot summer. The WMO’s chief, Petteri Taalas, said this week, “In the future these kinds of heatwaves are going to be normal.” The most alarming word in his forecast might be: “normal.” I’m of a generation that thought of summer as a sunny time for children. I think of long days spent outdoors without worry, playing games or just wandering. John Updike wrote in his poem, “June”: The sun is rich And gladly pays In golden hours, Silver days, And long green weeks That never end. School’s out. The time Is ours to spend. There’s Little League, Hopscotch, the creek, And, after supper, Hide-and-seek. The live-long light Is like a dream... But now that bright, “live-long light,” of which Updike wrote, might look threatening in a summer like this. The extremely hot weeks that we see this year cause one to wonder if our failures to care for the planet given to us will make our children look forward to summer, or fear another season of heat. 27. What does the underlined word “derive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Get. B. Reduce. C. Waste. D. Save. 28. According to WMO, ______. A. alternative energy is the solution to climate change B. the heatwaves are caused by the advanced technology C. agreements need to be signed to deal with climate change D. use of traditional energy is responsible for the heatwaves 29. Why does the author mention John Updike’s poem? A. To describe the beauty of summer. B. To indicate the end of happy summers. C. To compare different feelings about summer. D. To suggest ways for children to spend summer. 30. Which might be the best title for the passage? A. What leads to a hot summer B. Children are afraid of summer C. Burning summers are the future D. How we can survive a hot summer D Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved. But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon. For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager — Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself. “The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944. And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem. Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.” Especially considering what Einstein was proposing. “The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you'll find the solution.” Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905. These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations. What might happen to such a submission today? “We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.” 31. What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs? A. Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits. B. It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory. C. No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years. D. It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 32. What was critical to Einstein’s success? A. His talent as an accomplished musician B. His independent and abstract thinking. C. His untiring effort to fulfill his potential. D. His solid foundation in math theory. 33. What does the author tell us about physicists today? A. They tend to neglect training in analytical skills. B. They are very good at solving practical problems. C. They attach great importance to publishing academic papers. D. They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 34. What does Brian Greene imply by saying “…it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Underlined, Para. 9)? A. People have to compete in order to get their papers published. B. It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today. C. Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today. D Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes in our life we face this problem: loved ones as well as strangers annoying us. At home, we’ve had to put up with children screaming during online meetings, and family members on the computer all the time. ___35___ Kindness seems like a distant memory. The ability to live peacefully with annoying housemates or neighbors seems more difficult than ever. ___36___ If we take kindness as a skill, making it a daily practice, it will come easier over time. ___37___ Loving Kindness Meditation (默想) (LKM), which dates back to the time of its roots to early Buddhism, helps us find sympathy for one another even during trying times. The meditation asks us to send thoughts of loving kindness to loved ones, then to acquaintances (people you don’t know very well) and finally to challenging people. Over time, our unkind thoughts are replaced with more open, accepting ones. Anger is replaced by love, or at least kindness. Donald Altman, a psychotherapist from Portland, Oregon, says LKM helps us recognize we are all weak and have been hurt. ___38___ So how? To begin with, Altman suggests finding a quiet place to sit. He says to then imagine a favorite family member or friend sending you the words, “May you be well, happy and at peace.” After a few minutes, direct the words at yourself, “May I be well, happy and at peace.” ___39___ Replace the “I” with the name of a teacher or coach, then a family member or friend, then an acquaintance, and finally an unfriendly person in your life. End the meditation by spreading the blessing to all living beings. Indeed, we should find our own way toward LKM — but only if we are prepared to access its benefits and extend them to anyone who may need them. A. The good news is that it isn’t lost. B. Luckily, we can look to ancient disciplines for guidance. C. At work, we’ve had to face the added pressure these demanding jobs create. D. Then, extend the blessing to other people, in order of decreasing fondness. E. For that reason, we could all benefit from love’s warm and comforting blessing. F. You can combine the words with breathing, repeating a phrase of love for yourself. G. Outside, we’ve encountered drivers speeding on busy roads and passengers talking loudly on the subway. 第三部分: 书面表达（共两节, 32分） 第一节阅读表达（共4小题; 第40、41小题各2分, 第42小题3分, 第43小题5分, 共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题 When trying to memorize new material, it’s easy to assume that the more work you put in, the better you will perform. Yet taking the occasional rest time—to do nothing at all—may be exactly what you need. Just dim (调暗) the lights, sit back, and enjoy 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking, and you’ll find that your memory of the facts you have just learnt is far better than if you had attempted to use that moment more productively. The remarkable memory-boosting benefits of undisturbed rest were first documented in1900 by the German psychologist Georg Elias Muller and his student Alfons Pilzecker. In one of their many experiments on memory consolidation, Muller and Pilzecker first asked their participants to learn a list of meaningless syllables. Following a short study period half the group were immediately given a second list to learn—while the rest were given a six-minute break before continuing. When tested one-and-a-half hours later, the two groups showed strikingly different patterns of recall. The participants given the break remembered nearly 50% of their list, compared to an average of 28%for the group who had been given no time to recharge their mental batteries. The finding suggested that our memory for new information is especially weak just after it has first been memorised, making it more sensitive to interference from new information. Taking regular periods of rest, without distraction, could help us all hold onto new material a little more firmly. After all, for many students, the 10-30% improvements recorded in some studies could mark the difference between A grade or B. “I can imagine you could include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period,” says Aidan Horner at the University of York, “and that might be a useful way of making small improvements to your ability to remember later on.” In the age of information overload, it’s worth remembering that our smartphones aren’t the only thing that needs a regular recharge, our minds clearly do too. 40. According to the first paragraph, what is a good way to boost memory while memorizing new material? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Georg and Alfons’ finding suggest? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶To enhance the memory ability, Aidan Horner encourages students to have breaks while taking exams. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Besides boosting your memory, what else can you do to improve your academic (学业的) performance? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim来信说他参加了学校文化艺术比赛并获奖，同时询问你喜欢的文化艺术形式，请你用英语给他回信，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺。 2. 分享你喜欢的一种文化艺术形式。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京二中 2025-2026学年度高三年级开学测试试卷 英语 第一部分: 知识运用（共两节, 30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My twin sister, Dawn, born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), has to wear braces (背带) on her legs and walk with the help of a stick, often causing people to ___1___ and point. As Dawn was the only “different” child in our neighborhood, we were constantly picked on. We never had any friends because of her condition. I began to ___2___ Dawn and was embarrassed to be seen with her. So I did everything to get her into trouble to ___3___ her being born mentally and physically disabled. When I turned twelve, my mother was so displeased with my behavior. She figured I was old enough to know better. One day she threw me in my bedroom and gave me a thick yellow book. What I saw in that book ___4___ the way I viewed my disabled sister. There were many baby pictures of Dawn and me dressed alike, the only ___5___: I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines. If you looked closely, you could see the ___6___ in her eyes though she was always smiling. One picture stood out: we were hugging each other. The words below read, “I’m so happy to have a twin sister, Netti. The doctors make me cry. She makes me laugh.” Looking back, I realized how ___7___ I had been! I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes! Feeling ___8___ I cried myself to sleep. Later, Dawn came into my room to wake me up for dinner. I kissed her and hugged her ___9___ like in the picture. From then on, I was Dawn's protector. No one was going to hurt her for any reason. We are ___10___. I am the other half of her and she is my world. 1. A. complain B. wander C. stare D. envy 2. A. hate B. pity C. disturb D. warn 3. A. put up with B. make use of C. keep track of D. get back at 4. A. formed B. changed C. explained D. confirmed 5. A. problem B. spotlight C. similarity D. difference 6. A. courage B. disappointment C. pain D. concern 7. A. rude B. selfish C. responsible D. innocent 8. A. helpless B. unhappy C. desperate D. ashamed 9. A. politely B. seriously C. tightly D. purposely 10. A. irreplaceable B. undefeatable C. unimaginable D. inseparable 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在感化之下，对患有脑瘫的妹妹的态度发生翻天覆地转变，两人成为形影不离的姐妹这一暖心故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：我的双胞胎妹妹Dawn天生患有脑瘫，走路时必须戴上背带，拄着拐杖，经常引起人们的注视和指指点点。A. complain抱怨；B. wander漫步，徘徊；C. stare注视，盯着看；D. envy嫉妒，妒忌。根据上文“My twin sister, Dawn, born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), has to wear braces (背带) on her legs and walk with the help of a stick”以及空后的“point”可知，Dawn患有脑瘫，走路时必须戴着背带，走路也需拄拐，在路上肯定会引起人们的关注，被盯着看，故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始憎恨Dawn，而且当被别人看到我和她在一起时就感到尴尬。A. hate讨厌，憎恨；B. pity怜悯，同情，感到遗憾；C. disturb打扰；D. warn警告。根据上文“We never had any friends because of her condition.”以及下文“was embarrassed to be seen with her”可知，作者没有任何朋友，因而对Dawn产生了憎恨感。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我想尽一切办法让她陷入麻烦，以报复她生来就有精神和身体残疾。A. put up with容忍，忍受；B. make use of使用，利用；C. keep track of记录，与……保持联系；D. get back at报复。结合上文“So I did everything to get her into trouble”可知，作者觉得是Dawn的残疾给自己带来麻烦和痛苦，十分恨她，因此要报复她，故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在书中所看到的，改变了我看待残疾妹妹的方式。A. formed形成；B. changed改变；C. explained解释；D. confirmed坚定，确认。上文提到作者憎恨Dawn，结合下文内容“I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes!”以及“I kissed her and hugged her”可知，作者对妹妹的态度发生了翻天覆地的变化，故选B。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有很多Dawn和我穿着一样的婴儿照，唯一的不同是，我看起来小小的，也很平静，而Dawn身上连接着各种导管、针管和仪器。A. problem问题；B. spotlight聚光灯，公众聚焦的中心；C. similarity相似之处；D. difference不同之处。根据下文“I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines”可知，此处写的是照片中作者和Dawn的不同，故选D。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你凑近了看，会看到她眼睛中隐藏的痛苦，虽然表面上她一直在微笑。A. courage勇气；B. disappointment失望；C. pain痛苦；D. concern关心。根据上文“Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines”可知，作为身患重病的婴儿期孩子，身上连接了许多导管和机器，她的感受应是痛苦，故选C。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我才意识到我之前是多么自私。A. rude粗鲁的；B. selfish自私的；C. responsible负责任的；D. innocent无辜的。根据上文作者抱复Dawn以及下文“I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes”可知，作者很小的时候为自己有一个妹妹而纯粹地开心，而稍微长大些之后认为妹妹给自己带来麻烦和不便，就疯狂报复，这是一种自私的表现，故选B。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到羞愧难当，哭着睡了过去。A. helpless无助的；B. unhappy不开心的；C. desperate绝望的；D. ashamed羞愧的，愧疚的。根据上文“I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes!”可知，作者意识到自己从未站在Dawn的角度想问题，为自己的行为感到羞耻，故选D。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我亲吻了她，并像照片里面一样紧紧地抱住她。A. politely礼貌地；B. seriously严肃地，严重地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. purposely故意地。结合语境及空前“ hugged her ”可知，作者对Dawn的态度已经发生巨大转变，亲吻她并像照片里一样紧紧抱住她，只有C项符合语境，故选C。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们形影不离。A. irreplaceable不可替代的；B. undefeatable不可战胜的；C. unimaginable不可思议的；D. inseparable形影不离的。根据下文“ I am the other half of her and she is my world.”可知，两人密不可分，形影不离，故选D。 第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Space exploration began in 1957, when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union. Yuri Gagarin ____11____ (become) the first person to orbit(环绕) the earth in 1961. In 1969, Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk ____12____ the moon. Since then, space exploration has advanced very ____13____ (rapid). It has produced, much ____14____ (amaze) technology that brings changes to the world. 【答案】11. became 12. on 13. rapidly 14. amazing 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空探索及其它的变化。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：在1961年，Yuri Gagarin成为第一位环绕地球轨道的人。根据时间状语in 1961可知，时态应是一般过去时，故谓语动词变过去式，故填became。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：1969年，Neil Armstrong是第一个在月球上行走的人。根据句意可知，此处考查短语on the moon，表示“在月球上”。介词on表示“在……上”，故填on。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：从那时起，太空探索取得了非常快速进展。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处用副词rapidly，作状语，修饰advanced，表示“讯速地”，故填rapidly。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它产生了许多令人惊叹的技术，为世界带来了改变。根据句子结构可知，此处用形容词amazing，作定语，修饰名词technology，表示“令人惊叹的”，故填amazing。 B 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Leaf-cutter ants are interesting. ____15____(look) for leaves, the larger ants usually go out in groups. They bite of bits of leaves and carry them back. Watching these ants march in single file, carrying leaves, is quite a sight. These ants can carry a leaf that ____16____ (weigh) 20 times more than they do. The leaves ____17____ (collect) by the ants are not for eating. They are brought back so fungus(真菌) can grow on them. The fungus is the food for the ants. 【答案】15. To look 16. weighs 17. collected 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种蚂蚁的生活习性。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了寻找树叶，较大的蚂蚁通常成群外出。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语中的动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”寻找树叶，又因为位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填 To look。 【16题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：这些蚂蚁能搬动比自己重20倍的树叶。结合句意，分析句子可知，提示词weigh表示“重……；有……重”，是that引导的定语从句中谓语动词，先行词a leaf是单数名词，是从句中作主语，所以从句谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。故填 weighs。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：蚂蚁采集的叶子不是用来吃的。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语作后置定语，因为所给提示词collect与其逻辑主语The leaves 之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作后置定语。故填 collected。 C 阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Storyboards are a set of drawings to tell a story and a powerful way to visually present information. The original storyboards, ____18____ were used in movie-making, showed stories broken up into pieces. Each piece of the story ____19____ (draw) out on a card and stuck to a board in order. People were then able to talk about and revise the story by checking one part at a time. That is ____20____ I know about storyboards. 【答案】18. which 19. was drawn 20. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一片说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对情节串连图板的了解。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最初的情节串连图板，用于电影制作，显示的故事被分解成碎片。句中先行词为storyboards，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【19题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：故事的每一部分都画在一张卡片上，并按顺序粘在一块木板上。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语Each piece of the story与draw之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was drawn。 【20题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：这就是我对情节串连图板的了解。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 第二部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 38分） 第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Uses of Banana Peels (皮) You Probably Ignored Soothes the itchy (发痒的) insect bites With the good weather approaching, various bugs, insects and mosquitoes multiply. If you want to relieve the sting or bite of these insects naturally, banana peel can help you. Rub the red, inflamed bites with the inside of the banana peel. The banana polysaccharides (多糖) infiltrate the skin and reduce the swell. ________________ Spring then summer is coming, and there’s one little annoying thing: the flies. To catch them, you can make a trap made of natural ingredients. All you will need is a large yogurt cup, banana peels, a hammer and a nail. Make holes at the bottom of the yogurt cup with the hammer and nail, place the banana peels inside, turn it over, and place it near the food that you are trying to protect. Flies will get into the sweet smell in the holes, but there is no way out of the yogurt cup. Cheap and simple teeth whitening You don’t have to spend a huge amount of your salary on aesthetic dentistry to make your teeth whiter. Simply rub your freshly-brushed teeth with the inside of the banana peel every day for about 2 minutes. Salicylic acid in bananas gently bleaches teeth, effectively eliminating dirt which causes discoloration. Water purification This effect was the most surprising for us. The Sao Paulo Research Foundation, led by Gustavo R. Castro, tested the suitability of banana peels for the treatment of wastewater from industrial plants. It turned out that the banana peel adsorbs heavy metals such as lead and copper from the water. Erases the ink stain (污点) If ink gets on your skin, it is difficult to clean it off. Only with water and soap is it almost impossible to make your hands clean. But the good news is that the banana peel is good for that—rub the patches on the inside of the peel and see how they disappear. 21. According to the passage in which of the following situations can banana peels be of some help? A. You are disturbed by mosquitoes flying nearby. B. You are bitten by a bee in the garden. C. You are suffering from a toothache. D. Your coat is stained with oil. 22. Which of the following is the best heading for paragraph 2? A. Facial mask B. Pain Reliever C. Natural fly trap D. Reduces wrinkles 23. How can banana peels help purify water? A. By protecting the water from insects. B. By reducing some chemical elements. C. By adding some nutrition to the water. D. By removing the smell of the wastewater. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了香蕉皮的用途。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you want to relieve the sting or bite of these insects naturally, banana peel can help you. Rub the red, inflamed bites with the inside of the banana peel. The banana polysaccharides (多糖) infiltrate the skin and reduce the swell.(如果你想自然地减轻这些昆虫的叮咬，香蕉皮可以帮助你。用香蕉皮内侧摩擦红肿的咬痕。香蕉多糖能渗透皮肤，消肿。)”可推断，当你被蜜蜂蜇伤后，你可以用香蕉皮内侧摩擦红肿的咬痕，从而消肿。故选B。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。空处为小标题，为本段的主要内容。根据下文“Spring then summer is coming, and there’s one little annoying thing: the flies. To catch them, you can make a trap made of natural ingredients. All you will need is a large yogurt cup, banana peels, a hammer and a nail. Make holes at the bottom of the yogurt cup with the hammer and nail, place the banana peels inside, turn it over, and place it near the food that you are trying to protect. Flies will get into the sweet smell in the holes, but there is no way out of the yogurt cup.(春天和夏天都来了，有一件事很烦人：苍蝇。为了捕捉它们，你可以用天然原料做一个陷阱。你所需要的只是一个大酸奶杯、香蕉皮、一把锤子和一颗钉子。用锤子和钉子在酸奶杯的底部打洞，把香蕉皮放进去，把它翻过来，放在你想要保护的食物附近。苍蝇会钻进香甜的洞里，却没有办法从酸奶杯里出来。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们可以用香蕉皮来制作一个陷阱用来捕捉苍蝇。选项C“Natural fly trap(天然捕蝇器)”符合本段主要内容。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It turned out that the banana peel adsorbs heavy metals such as lead and copper from the water.(事实证明，香蕉皮可以吸附水中的铅和铜等重金属。)”可知，香蕉皮通过吸附水中的铅和铜等重金属来净化水。故选B。 B Honk if You Love Birds When Ariel Cordova-Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she spotted a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Cordova-Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move. She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. And then a thought struck her: What do I do now? Her best bet was the rehab center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some bemused strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. On the subway, no one seemed particularly annoyed by the feathered passenger. “One guy”, says Cordova-Rojas, “was sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.” Cordova-Rojas called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and rescuer to the facility. There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines. The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet. She even made a boyfriend at the center — another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that TLC, the swan contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to her rescue, she passed away. It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city — literally. “In all, Cordova-Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway,” says Higginbotham, “That’s the perfect summary of who she is.” 24. What happened when Ariel Cordova-Rojas went on her trip to Queens? A. She was attacked by an aggressive swan when watching birds. B. She discovered a sick mute swan and took it to the rehab center. C. A female swan was transported to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge. D. A female swan was lifted to the nearby subway station by strangers. 25. What can we learn about the swan in the passage? A. It had never been to a rehab center before. B. It bothered the travelers on the subway. C. It was poisoned and then contracted an infection. D. It was successfully rescued by all the passers-by. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Ariel Cordova-Rojas? A. Enthusiastic and creative. B. Cooperative and generous. C. Responsible and ambitious. D. Warm-hearted and professional. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Ariel Cordova-Rojas在纽约皇后区的一次徒步观鸟之旅中发现一只受伤的疣鼻天鹅，并通过多方努力将其送往野生动物康复中心的故事，展现了她的热心与专业精神。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Ariel Cordova-Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. (去年11月，Ariel Cordova-Rojas骑自行车前往纽约皇后区的牙买加湾野生动物保护区，计划徒步旅行和观鸟。)”和第二段中“She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. (她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。Cordova-Rojas把她的夹克盖在鸟的头上，让它保持安静，小心地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。)”以及第三段中“Her best bet was the rehab center, but that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. (她最好的选择是康复中心，但它在东河对岸，在城市的另一边。)”可知，Ariel Cordova-Rojas在皇后区旅行时发现了一只生病的疣鼻天鹅，并把它带到了康复中心。故选B项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines. (在那里，工作人员判定这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，病因是吞食了钓鱼线上使用的铅坠。)”以及第六段中“Sadly, even with all that TLC, the swan contracted a bacterial infection. Two months after Cordova-Rojas came to her rescue, she passed away. (不幸的是，尽管得到了悉心的照顾，这只天鹅还是感染了细菌。在Cordova-Rojas救下她两个月后，去世了。)”可知，天鹅先是中毒，然后感染了细菌。故选C项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Cordova-Rojas, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she approached this one, it didn’t move. (30岁的Cordova-Rojas曾在曼哈顿的野生鸟类基金会康复中心工作，她知道疣鼻天鹅可能具有攻击性。但当她走近这只天鹅时，它没有动。)”以及第二段“She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova-Rojas draped her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it in her arms. (她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。Cordova-Rojas把她的夹克盖在鸟的头上，让它保持安静，小心地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。)”以及Ariel Cordova-Rojas克服重重困难将其送往康复中心的过程可知，这体现了Ariel Cordova-Rojas的热心肠和专业素养。故选D项。 C This week I watched an international news program and saw what looked like most of the planet—the Americas, Africa, Europe, Asia—painted in bright oranges and reds. Fahrenheit (华氏温度的) temperatures in three-digit numbers seemed to burn all over on the world map. Heat records have burst around the globe. This very weekend, crops are burning, roads are bending and seas are rising, while lakes recede, or even disappear. Ice sheets melt in rising heat, and wildfires attack forests. People are dying in this heat. Lives of all kinds are threatened, in cities, fields, seas, deserts and forests. Wildlife, farm animals, insects and human beings are in pain. The UN’s World Meteorological Organization (WMO) says there is more deadly heat in our future because of climate change caused by our species on this planet. Even with advances in wind, solar and other alternative energy sources, and international promises and agreements, the world still derives about 80% of its energy from fossil fuels, like oil, gas and coal, which release the carbon dioxide that’s warmed the climate to the current temperatures of this hot summer. The WMO’s chief, Petteri Taalas, said this week, “In the future these kinds of heatwaves are going to be normal.” The most alarming word in his forecast might be: “normal.” I’m of a generation that thought of summer as a sunny time for children. I think of long days spent outdoors without worry, playing games or just wandering. John Updike wrote in his poem, “June”: The sun is rich And gladly pays In golden hours, Silver days, And long green weeks That never end. School’s out. The time Is ours to spend. There’s Little League, Hopscotch, the creek, And, after supper, Hide-and-seek. The live-long light Is like a dream... But now that bright, “live-long light,” of which Updike wrote, might look threatening in a summer like this. The extremely hot weeks that we see this year cause one to wonder if our failures to care for the planet given to us will make our children look forward to summer, or fear another season of heat. 27. What does the underlined word “derive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A Get. B. Reduce. C. Waste. D. Save. 28. According to WMO, ______. A. alternative energy is the solution to climate change B. the heatwaves are caused by the advanced technology C agreements need to be signed to deal with climate change D. use of traditional energy is responsible for the heatwaves 29. Why does the author mention John Updike’s poem? A. To describe the beauty of summer. B. To indicate the end of happy summers. C. To compare different feelings about summer. D. To suggest ways for children to spend summer. 30. Which might be the best title for the passage? A. What leads to a hot summer B. Children are afraid of summer C. Burning summers are the future D. How we can survive a hot summer 【答案】27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球各地的高温记录不断刷新，解释了背后的原因以及对未来夏季的担忧。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“about 80% of its energy from fossil fuels, like oil, gas and coal, which release the carbon dioxide that’s warmed the climate to the current temperatures of this hot summer”可知，世界获得的大约80%的能源来自化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤炭，这些燃料释放的二氧化碳使气候变暖，导致今年炎热的夏天气温上升。故划线词意思是“得到”。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Even with advances in wind, solar and other alternative energy sources, and international promises and agreements, the world still derives about 80% of its energy from fossil fuels, like oil, gas and coal, which release the carbon dioxide that’s warmed the climate to the current temperatures of this hot summer. The WMO’s chief, Petteri Taalas, said this week, “In the future these kinds of heatwaves are going to be normal.”(即使有了风能、太阳能和其他替代能源的进步，以及国际承诺和协议，世界上仍然有大约80%的能源来自化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤炭，这些燃料释放的二氧化碳使气候变暖，导致今年炎热的夏天气温上升。世界气象组织总干事Petteri Taalas本周表示：“在未来，这种热浪将成为常态。”)”可知，根据世界气象组织，传统能源的使用是造成热浪的原因。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The extremely hot weeks that we see this year cause one to wonder if our failures to care for the planet given to us will make our children look forward to summer, or fear another season of heat.(我们今年看到的极端炎热的几周让人怀疑，如果我们没有照顾好我们所拥有的地球，我们的孩子们是否会期待夏天，或者害怕另一个炎热的季节)”可推知，作者提到了约翰·厄普代克的诗是为了表示快乐夏天的结束。故选B。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“Heat records have burst around the globe. This very weekend, crops are burning, roads are bending and seas are rising, while lakes recede, or even disappear. Ice sheets melt in rising heat, and wildfires attack forests. People are dying in this heat. Lives of all kinds are threatened, in cities, fields, seas, deserts and forests. Wildlife, farm animals, insects and human beings are in pain. (全球各地的高温记录不断刷新。就在这个周末，庄稼在燃烧，道路在弯曲，海平面在上升，而湖泊在退缩，甚至消失。冰盖在升温中融化，野火袭击森林。人们在这样的高温中死去。在城市、田野、海洋、沙漠和森林里，所有种类的生命都受到威胁。野生动物、农场动物、昆虫和人类都在痛苦之中)”可知，文章主要说明了全球各地的高温记录不断刷新，解释了背后的原因以及对未来夏季的担忧。可知，C选项“灼热的夏天是未来”最符合文章标题。故选C。 D Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved. But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon. For one thing physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager — Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself. “The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944. And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem. Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.” Especially considering what Einstein was proposing. “The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you'll find the solution.” Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905. These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations. What might happen to such a submission today? “We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.” 31. What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs? A. Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits. B. It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory. C. No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years. D. It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 32. What was critical to Einstein’s success? A. His talent as an accomplished musician B. His independent and abstract thinking. C. His untiring effort to fulfill his potential. D. His solid foundation in math theory. 33. What does the author tell us about physicists today? A. They tend to neglect training in analytical skills. B. They are very good at solving practical problems. C. They attach great importance to publishing academic papers. D. They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 34. What does Brian Greene imply by saying “…it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Underlined, Para. 9)? A. People have to compete in order to get their papers published. B. It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today. C. Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today. D. Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，科学家们预测未来会诞生新的科学巨匠，但统一理论的挑战促使数学革新。然而，现代物理学环境变化、教育背景和职业选择都可能阻碍新爱因斯坦的出现，文章探讨了过去独立思考、跨学科技能和独特洞察的重要性。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time.(科学家们说，一个新的爱因斯坦将会出现。但这可能需要很长时间)”和第二段中“Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now.(许多物理学家说，下一个爱因斯坦还没有出生，或者现在还是个婴儿)”可知，科学家认为新爱因斯坦会出现，但可能需要很长时间，第二段中提到下一个爱因斯坦尚未出生或现在还是个婴儿，支持需要长时间的观点。故选D。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself.(它教会了他如何独立和抽象地思考空间和时间，不久之后，他自己也成为了一名哲学家)”和第六段““The independence created by philosophical insight is — in my opinion — the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944.(“在我看来，哲学洞察力所创造的独立性是一个工匠或专家与一个真正的真理追求者之间的区别。” 爱因斯坦在1944年写道)”可知，独立和抽象地思考能力是爱因斯坦成功的关键，故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段“Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical — and rewarding — efforts.(如今，大学培养了数百万物理学家。科学领域的工作对他们来说并不多，所以他们去了华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析技能应用到更实际、更有回报的工作中)”可知，如今的物理学家往往进入经济效益更大的领域，故选D。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。第九段中““Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.”( “也许今天真的有一个爱因斯坦” 哥伦比亚大学的物理学家Brian Greene说，“但要让人们听到他的声音要困难得多。”)”提到，Brian Greene说也许今天有另一个爱因斯坦，但要让人们听到他的声音会困难得多。倒数第四段中“The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!(空间和时间弯曲的实际结构？我的天哪，这是什么想法)”对爱因斯坦的想法提出质疑、倒数第三段中“These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations.(这些“思想实验”是一页又一页的计算结果，由一个默默无闻的人签名提交给了著名的Annalen der Physik杂志。没有脚注或引文)”提到爱因斯坦1905年提交的论文是“思想实验”，没有脚注或引用，最后一段““We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.”(“我们都收到过这样的邮件。” Greene 说。“我们把它们放在了垃圾文件里。”)”通过Greene的话说明，类似论文今天会被放入“垃圾文件”，这暗示现代学术环境更难接受爱因斯坦式的非传统论文，这些论文不太可能被发表，故选C。 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes in our life we face this problem: loved ones as well as strangers annoying us. At home, we’ve had to put up with children screaming during online meetings, and family members on the computer all the time. ___35___ Kindness seems like a distant memory. The ability to live peacefully with annoying housemates or neighbors seems more difficult than ever. ___36___ If we take kindness as a skill, making it a daily practice, it will come easier over time. ___37___ Loving Kindness Meditation (默想) (LKM), which dates back to the time of its roots to early Buddhism, helps us find sympathy for one another even during trying times. The meditation asks us to send thoughts of loving kindness to loved ones, then to acquaintances (people you don’t know very well) and finally to challenging people. Over time, our unkind thoughts are replaced with more open, accepting ones. Anger is replaced by love, or at least kindness. Donald Altman, a psychotherapist from Portland, Oregon, says LKM helps us recognize we are all weak and have been hurt. ___38___ So how? To begin with, Altman suggests finding a quiet place to sit. He says to then imagine a favorite family member or friend sending you the words, “May you be well, happy and at peace.” After a few minutes, direct the words at yourself, “May I be well, happy and at peace.” ___39___ Replace the “I” with the name of a teacher or coach, then a family member or friend, then an acquaintance, and finally an unfriendly person in your life. End the meditation by spreading the blessing to all living beings. Indeed, we should find our own way toward LKM — but only if we are prepared to access its benefits and extend them to anyone who may need them. A. The good news is that it isn’t lost. B. Luckily, we can look to ancient disciplines for guidance. C. At work, we’ve had to face the added pressure these demanding jobs create. D. Then, extend the blessing to other people, in order of decreasing fondness. E. For that reason, we could all benefit from love’s warm and comforting blessing. F. You can combine the words with breathing, repeating a phrase of love for yourself. G. Outside, we’ve encountered drivers speeding on busy roads and passengers talking loudly on the subway. 【答案】35. G 36. A 37. B 38. E 39. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是仁爱冥想。 【35题详解】 空格前说“Sometimes in our life we face this problem: loved ones as well as strangers annoying us. At home, we’ve had to put up with children screaming during online meetings, and family members on the computer all the time.(有时在我们的生活中，我们会遇到这样的问题：所爱的人和陌生人让我们烦恼。在家里，我们不得不忍受孩子们在网上会议时的尖叫，家人一直在电脑前)”，G选项“Outside, we’ve encountered drivers speeding on busy roads and passengers talking loudly on the subway.(在外面，我们遇到了在繁忙道路上超速行驶的司机和在地铁上大声说话的乘客)”中的“Outside”和前面的“At home”形成对比，“drivers”和“passengers”指的是前面的“strangers”，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 【36题详解】 空格前说“Kindness seems like a distant memory. The ability to live peacefully with annoying housemates or neighbors seems more difficult than ever.(善良似乎是遥远的记忆。与烦人的室友或邻居和平相处的能力似乎比以往任何时候都要困难)”，空格后说“If we take kindness as a skill, making it a daily practice, it will come easier over time.(如果我们把善良当作一种技能，让它成为日常练习，随着时间的推移，它会变得更容易)”可知，善良并没有消失，A选项“The good news is that it isn’t lost.(好消息是它没有丢失)”正好说明了这一点，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 【37题详解】 空格后说“Loving Kindness Meditation (默想) (LKM), which dates back to the time of its roots to early Buddhism, helps us find sympathy for one another even during trying times.(仁爱冥想（LKM）的起源可以追溯到早期的佛教，它帮助我们在困难时期找到彼此的同情)”可知，这是一种古老的做法，B选项“Luckily, we can look to ancient disciplines for guidance.(幸运的是，我们可以从古代的训练中寻求指导)”指出这是古老的方法，因此B选项引起下文，符合语境，故选B。 【38题详解】 空格前“LKM helps us recognize we are all weak and have been hurt.(默想可以帮助我们认识到我们所有人都是脆弱的，并且我们是被伤害过的)”和“imagine a favorite family member or friend sending you the words, “May you be well, happy and at peace.”(想象一个最受喜爱的家庭成员或者朋友给你发送信息“你要身体健康，开心和平静”)”结合两处可知。因为脆弱，更希望体会到温暖。选项E中，that代词可以明确指代前文提到的“we are all weak and have been hurt.”这个原因，“we could all benefit from love’s warm and comforting blessing.”我们所有人都可以更好的体会爱的温暖为下文如何做，做了铺垫。故选E。 【39题详解】 空格后说“Replace the “I” with the name of a teacher or coach, then a family member or friend, then an acquaintance, and finally an unfriendly person in your life.(把“我”的名字换成老师或教练，然后是家人或朋友，然后是熟人，最后是你生活中不友好的人)”，因此此处有一个顺序，即越来越不喜欢。D选项“Then, extend the blessing to other people, in order of decreasing fondness.(然后，按照喜爱程度减少的顺序，将祝福传递给他人)”，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 第三部分: 书面表达（共两节, 32分） 第一节阅读表达（共4小题; 第40、41小题各2分, 第42小题3分, 第43小题5分, 共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 When trying to memorize new material, it’s easy to assume that the more work you put in, the better you will perform. Yet taking the occasional rest time—to do nothing at all—may be exactly what you need. Just dim (调暗) the lights, sit back, and enjoy 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking, and you’ll find that your memory of the facts you have just learnt is far better than if you had attempted to use that moment more productively. The remarkable memory-boosting benefits of undisturbed rest were first documented in1900 by the German psychologist Georg Elias Muller and his student Alfons Pilzecker. In one of their many experiments on memory consolidation, Muller and Pilzecker first asked their participants to learn a list of meaningless syllables. Following a short study period half the group were immediately given a second list to learn—while the rest were given a six-minute break before continuing. When tested one-and-a-half hours later, the two groups showed strikingly different patterns of recall. The participants given the break remembered nearly 50% of their list, compared to an average of 28%for the group who had been given no time to recharge their mental batteries. The finding suggested that our memory for new information is especially weak just after it has first been memorised, making it more sensitive to interference from new information. Taking regular periods of rest, without distraction, could help us all hold onto new material a little more firmly. After all, for many students, the 10-30% improvements recorded in some studies could mark the difference between A grade or B. “I can imagine you could include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period,” says Aidan Horner at the University of York, “and that might be a useful way of making small improvements to your ability to remember later on.” In the age of information overload, it’s worth remembering that our smartphones aren’t the only thing that needs a regular recharge, our minds clearly do too. 40. According to the first paragraph, what is a good way to boost memory while memorizing new material? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Georg and Alfons’ finding suggest? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶To enhance the memory ability, Aidan Horner encourages students to have breaks while taking exams. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Besides boosting your memory, what else can you do to improve your academic (学业的) performance? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. ①Taking the occasional rest time to do nothing at all (is a good way to boost memory while memorizing new material) . ②Dimming the lights, sitting back, and enjoying 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking (is a good way to boost memory while memorizing new material) .或者 Just dim the lights, sit back, and enjoy 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking, and you'll find that your memory of the facts you have just learnt is far better (than if you had attempted to use that moment more productively) . 41. The finding (或者Their finding) suggested that our memory for new information is especially weak just after it has first been memorized, making it more sensitive to inter fence from new information. 42. To enhance the memory ability, Aidan Horner encourages students to have breaks (while) taking exams. Aidan Horner encourages students to include 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period.或者“I can imagine you could include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period,” says Aidan Horner at the University of York, “and that might be a useful way of making small improvements to your ability to remember later on.” 43. Taking notes and reviewing regularly is a useful way to improve my academic performance. I take notes on all subjects everyday and I'm used to reviewing what I have learnt before doing my homework and every examination. I have benefited a lot from this learning method. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现偶尔休息一下，什么都不做可以在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的相关发现。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“When trying to memorize new material, it’s easy to assume that the more work you put in, the better you will perform. Yet taking the occasional rest time—to do nothing at all—may be exactly what you need. Just dim (调暗) the lights, sit back, and enjoy 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking, and you’ll find that your memory of the facts you have just learnt is far better than if you had attempted to use that moment more productively.(在尝试记忆新材料时，很容易认为你投入的越多，你的表现就越好。然而，偶尔休息一下——什么都不做——可能正是你所需要的。把灯调暗，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静思考，你会发现你对刚学到的知识的记忆比你试图利用这段时间更有效地记忆要好得多)”可知，在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力的好方法是①偶尔休息一下，什么都不做（是在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力的好方法）。②调暗灯光，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静思考（是在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力的好方法）。或者把灯调暗，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静思考，你会发现你对刚刚学到的知识的记忆要好得多(比你试图更有效地利用这段时间要好得多)。故答案为① Taking the occasional rest time to do nothing at all (is a good way to boost memory while memorizing new material) .②Dimming the lights, sitting back, and enjoying 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking (is a good way to boost memory while memorizing new material) .或者 Just dim the lights, sit back, and enjoy 10-15 minutes of quiet thinking, and you’ll find that your memory of the facts you have just learnt is far better (than if you had attempted to use that moment more productively). 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“The finding suggested that our memory for new information is especially weak just after it has first been memorised, making it more sensitive to interference from new information.(这一发现表明，我们对新信息的记忆在刚被记住的时候特别弱，这使得它对新信息的干扰更加敏感)”可知，Georg和Alfons的发现表明，我们对新信息的记忆在刚被记住的时候特别弱，这使得它对新信息的干扰更加敏感。故答案为The finding (或者Their finding) suggested that our memory for new information is especially weak just after it has first been memorized, making it more sensitive to inter fence from new information. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段““I can imagine you could include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period,” says Aidan Horner at the University of York, “and that might be a useful way of making small improvements to your ability to remember later on.”(约克大学的艾丹·霍纳说：“我可以想象，你可以在复习期间包括这些10-15分钟的休息时间，这可能是一种有用的方法，可以在以后的记忆能力上有所提高。”)”可知，错误的部分为“(while) taking exams”，艾丹·霍纳鼓励学生在复习期间休息10-15分钟。或者约克大学的艾丹·霍纳说：“我可以想象，你可以在复习期间包括这些10-15分钟的休息时间，这可能是一种有用的方法，可以让你以后的记忆能力得到小幅提高。”故答案为To enhance the memory ability, Aidan Horner encourages students to have breaks (while) taking exams. Aidan Horner encourages students to include 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period.或者“I can imagine you could include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revision period,” says Aidan Horner at the University of York, “and that might be a useful way of making small improvements to your ability to remember later on.” 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据“除了提高记忆力，你还能做些什么来提高学习成绩呢？”可回答“记笔记和定期复习是提高学习成绩的有效方法。我每天都做笔记，我习惯在做作业和每次考试之前复习我学过的东西。我从这种学习方法中获益良多”。故答案为Taking notes and reviewing regularly is a useful way to improve my academic performance. I take notes on all subjects everyday and I'm used to reviewing what I have learnt before doing my homework and every examination. I have benefited a lot from this learning method. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim来信说他参加了学校文化艺术比赛并获奖，同时询问你喜欢的文化艺术形式，请你用英语给他回信，内容包括： 1. 表示祝贺。 2. 分享你喜欢的一种文化艺术形式。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to hear you won the award in your school culture and art competition. Congratulations! I know you prepared for the competition for a long time. Your effort has paid off. I feel proud of you! As for me, Chinese traditional calligraphy holds a special place in my heart. It’s part of our traditional culture. With a brush and ink, it turns Chinese characters into beautiful artworks. Especially in today’s digital age, handwritten calligraphy acts as a timeless bridge, which reminds us of the irreplaceable charm of Chinese handwritten tradition. Congratulations on your success again! Looking forward to your further exploration in the field of art. Best wishes, Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高二学生李华的身份给英国朋友Jim回信，祝贺他在学校文化艺术比赛中获奖，并分享自己喜欢的一种文化艺术形式。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 美丽的：beautiful→pretty 为……感到自豪：feel proud of→take pride in 充当：act as→serve as 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：As for me, Chinese traditional calligraphy holds a special place in my heart. It’s part of our traditional culture. 拓展句：As for me, Chinese traditional calligraphy holds a special place in my heart, which is part of our traditional culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to hear you won the award in your school culture and art competition.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Especially in today’s digital age, handwritten calligraphy acts as a timeless bridge, which reminds us of the irreplaceable charm of Chinese handwritten tradition.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $