专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（期中专项训练）七年级英语上学期新教材北师大版

阅读理解-说明文 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A.说明的对象 B.说明对象的特征 C.说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法） 说明文专业术语较多，抽象程度高，这使得解题难度较大。 常见的结构形式有总分式（总 — 分、分 — 总、总 — 分 — 总）、递进式（由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质）、并列式（各部分内容无主次轻重之分）和对照式（通过比较对照说明事物异同）。 主题01 科学知识 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·北京东城·期中）Let’s play a little game. Clear your mind. Go ahead. Clear it. OK, now, try not to picture a white bear. Failed (失败)? OK, let’s try again. Now do the countdown from three. Three, two, one! Oh no! White bear again! If you’re having trouble with this, don’t worry. You’re not alone. In fact, the harder you try not to think of something, the more you end up thinking about it. It has a name, called Ironic Process Theory. Social psychologist (社会心理学家) Daniel Wegner first studied it in 1987. The theory (理论) tells people “thought control has the opposite (相反的) effect on behaviors.” So, if you’ve ever told yourself again and again not to play computer games or not to eat too much ice-cream, I’m sure this comes as no surprise. So it almost makes sure that your hard work to change bad habits by resisting (抵抗) will fail. A famous psychologist Carl Jung said, “What you resist not only keeps staying there but will grow in size.” If resisting the bad habits is not only useless but harmful, then what should you do instead? One way is to change what you want on your own brain. It goes like this: when you want to do something that you shouldn’t do, don’t resist. Instead, replace. Let me give you an example. My friend Jack had a strong habit that he tried to break— he couldn’t stop eating junk food. He fought with it for years using the “resist, resist, resist” way with results we can only guess at. Finally, he decided to try something different. Every time he felt that want, instead of trying to fight with it, he replaced the want with a drink of water! After a while, he found that the want slowly started to disappear (消失), until he forgot that it was ever even a thing. I love this amazing idea! Getting a drink is just one choice. You could also try peeling an orange, going outside, doing a push-up, taking a walk... You could try whatever works for you. It doesn’t matter what you do. Instead of resisting the behavior, just do something else. 1．Why does the writer talk about a little game at the beginning? A．To show how to play a game. B．To test readers’ math skill. C．To introduce a theory. D．To help readers to relax. 2．What can we learn from Ironic Process Theory? A．It helps people solve their problems easily. B．Hard work to resist bad habits is very useful. C．It tells people where their trouble comes. D．Bad habits get stronger when people resist them. 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．thought control comes with good effects on behaviors B．doing something else helps to change bad habits C．bad habits disappear, when we try to forget them D．the more we resist, the stronger mind we’ll have 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文介绍了社会心理学家的一个理论——讽刺进程理论，这个理论告诉我们，我们内心想抵制的东西不仅会一直存在，而且会越来越强大，因此不能强行去抵制。 1．细节理解题。根据开头的小游戏后的“It has a name, called Ironic Process Theory.”可知，提出开头的小游戏是为了引出这个理论。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据游戏后的“thought control has the opposite (相反的) effect on behaviors”可知，当人们抵制坏习惯时，坏习惯会变得更强。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Instead of resisting the behavior, just do something else.”可知，与其抵制这种行为，不如做点别的事情。因此作者可能同意“做一些其他的事情有助于改变坏习惯”这一理念。故选B。 Passage2 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中） The Generation Effect: A Way to Improve Memory Do you feel like you can remember things better when you work with the information actively (积极地), and make your own ideas or come up with your own examples? This is known as the Generation Effect (生成效应). A study from 1978 says that we remember information better if we create it ourselves instead of just reading it passively (被动地). Even today, scientists are still not quite sure how the Generation Effect actually works. Some think that making your own study material (材料) might wake up your semantic memory. That is all the general knowledge you’ve got over time, like facts and ideas. Others think that creating your own ideas might start special processes (过程) in your brain. But it doesn’t happen when you just read. Another idea is that playing with new information can help connect different pieces of it, making it easier to remember when you need to. No matter where the Generation Effect comes from, it is clear that it can help us a lot when we learn and remember information. So how can you use it in your day-to-day life? After reading a passage, open your notebook and try to write a few main points about the content (内容) from your memory. And if you’re learning to code (编程), read a guide book carefully, then try to practice what you’ve learned without looking at it. Go back to the book only when you really couldn’t move forward. What’s more, when trying to memorize anything you like, ask a friend to quiz (测试) you, so you can generate your own answers. Or create your own flashcards to test yourself. By doing these, you can better understand the things while learning. In the end, it’s about being active instead of passive when you learn. Taking a few minutes to create things can really help improve your learning. 1．What is the Generation Effect? A．Forgetting things quickly after reading something. B．Remembering things better when you make your own ideas. C．Having a good rest after study to improve your memory. 2．What does “semantic memory” in the text mean? A．The knowledge you have learned over time. B．The memory of words and their meanings. C．The knowledge of how to do some jobs. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Some special processes in your brain will start when you just read. B．Reading a guide book carefully can help create your own answers. C．Asking a friend to quiz you can help you remember the information. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) of writing this passage? A．To discuss a traditional learning method and its use in our study. B．To introduce the Generation Effect and how to use it in our life. C．To question the Generation Effect and its power on our learning. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了生成效应及其在生活中的应用。 1．细节理解题。根据“This is known as the Generation Effect (生成效应). A study from 1978 says that we remember information better if we create it ourselves instead of just reading it passively (被动地).”可知，生成效应指“如果我们自己创造信息，而不是被动地阅读信息，我们就能更好地记住信息”，故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Some think that making your own study material (材料) might wake up your semantic memory. That is all the general knowledge you’ve got over time, like facts and ideas.”可知，“semantic memory”指“你随着时间推移所获得的所有常识，比如事实和想法”，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“What’s more, when trying to memorize anything you like, ask a friend to quiz (测试) you, so you can generate your own answers...By doing these, you can better understand the things while learning.”可知，当你想记住任何你喜欢的东西时，让朋友来测验你，能更好地理解，C选项符合，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“The Generation Effect: A Way to Improve Memory”及全文可知，作者的目的是介绍生成效应及其在生活中的应用。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——社会研究 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中）Nowadays many people look for fun online. Watching livestreaming (直播) shows has become part of their lives. At the same time, traditional culture has found a bigger stage online. Many traditional artists are starting to livestream like Douyin and Bilibili. Some of them sing Peking Opera, some make paper cutting, while others perform (表演) Chinese classical music. A growing number of young people are starting to become more interested in traditional culture because of livestreaming. Li Jun is a Peking Opera performer from the Shanghai Jingju Theater Company. The 59-year-old took up his smart phone and started livestreaming. Unlike performing on a real stage, Li uses common places as his stage, including his office and study room. Besides singing, Li also teaches viewers (观众) something about Peking Opera. People can ask him questions and get answers directly. “Livestreaming has brought this traditional art down to earth.” One viewer said, “it gives young people an easier way to learn more about the traditional art.” Li has more than 6,000 fans on Douyin, while one of his videos got 42,000 views on Bilibili. On March 26th, 2020, Bilibili livestreamed a huafu show on the third China Huafu Day. Performers showed clothes in traditional Chinese styles, including those from Wei, Tang and Ming dynasties. During the show, viewers not only enjoyed looking at the clothes, but also watched how performers used ancient (古代的) styles of make-up (化妆). As Guangming Daily said, livestreaming has come to a new stage through which traditional culture can be kept alive. 1．The writer mentioned Li Jun in order to ________ in Paragraph 2. A．tell young people to learn Peking Opera B．ask young people to learn from Li Jun C．give an example of traditional culture livestreaming D．ask young people to enjoy Li Jun’s livestreaming 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Many traditional artists start to sell traditional things on Douyin and Bilibili. B．More people have interest in traditional culture with the help of livestreaming. C．Peking Opera performer Li Jun has more than 42,000 fans on Douyin. D．Performers performed Chinese classical music in the Huafu show. 3．What does the underlined word “down to earth” mean in English? A．friendly to young people B．much easier to watch C．falling down to the ground D．not traditional anymore 4．Which is the main idea of the passage? A．Livestreaming is getting more and more popular. B．We should help to save the traditional art. C．Livestreaming brings traditional art back to life. D．Traditional art keeps livestreaming alive. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了人们通过抖音和哔哩哔哩等平台直播传统文化，使传统艺术重现生机。 1．推理判断题。根据“Li Jun is a Peking Opera performer from the Shanghai Jingju Theater Company. The 59-year-old took up his smart phone and started livestreaming.”可知，第二段介绍了李军在直播上表演京剧，是为了列举一个传统文化直播的例子，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“A growing number of young people are starting to become more interested in traditional culture because of livestreaming.”可知，在直播的帮助下，更多的人对传统文化产生了兴趣。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Livestreaming has brought this traditional art down to earth.”及“it gives young people an easier way to learn more about the traditional art.”可知，直播将这种传统艺术带到了现实中，它为年轻人提供了一种更容易了解传统艺术的方法，“down to earth”在此语境中意为“亲近年轻人”，使传统艺术更易于接触，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“As Guangming Daily said, livestreaming has come to a new stage through which traditional culture can be kept alive.”及全文可知，直播让传统艺术重现生机。故选C。 Passage2 （24-25七年级上·北京房山·期中）In today’s modern world, home robots are becoming more and more popular. They help us a lot and have a great use on our lives. Home robots can bring us many benefits. They saves (节省) us a lot of time because they can help us clean the house, sweep the floor, wash the clothes and dust the furniture. They can also cook meals and prepare delicious dishes, making our lives more comfortable. Young people like them very much. Moreover, home robots can act as roommates. When you come home after a long day at school or work, a friendly robot greets you with a smile, ready to listen to your stories. For elderly people living alone, home robots can remind (提醒) them to take their medicine and help with housework. For children, home robots can teach them new things and play games with them. In this way, home robots not only give help but also bring warmth and happiness to our homes. However, there are also some things to think about. Some people worry that home robots may do the things human should do. But when they stay with people, they cannot give the warmth and understanding of real men. All in all, home robots can help us a lot. When we use them well, they can make our life better and make our homes more comfortable. But we should also know their bad points and don’t let them be all of our lives. 1．In today’s modern world, home robots are becoming more popular because ________. A．they look beautiful B．they are very expensive C．they can talk to us all the time D．they have a great use on our lives 2．What does the word “benefit” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．好处 B．方法 C．坏处 D．规则 3．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To make better home robots. B．To let people use home robots. C．To introduce different kinds of home robots. D．To tell people they should use home robots in a right way. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了家用机器人在现代社会越来越受欢迎，它们可以为我们做很多事，但同时我们也要注意它们不好的方面，告诉我们不能过度依赖它们。 1．细节理解题。根据“In today’s modern world, home robots are becoming more and more popular. They help us a lot and have a great use on our lives.”可知，家用机器人越来越受欢迎是因为它们对我们的生活有很大的用处。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They saves (节省) us a lot of time because they can help us clean the house, sweep the floor, wash the clothes and dust the furniture. They can also cook meals and prepare delicious dishes, making our lives more comfortable.”可知，家用机器人可以帮助我们做一些家务，还可以做饭，使我们的生活更舒适，这些都是机器人的好处，所以划线部分单词意为“好处”。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“All in all, home robots can help us a lot. When we use them well, they can make our life better and make our homes more comfortable. But we should also know their bad points and don’t let them be all of our lives.”可知，本文主要介绍了家用机器人可以为我们做很多事，但同时我 们也要注意它们不好的方面，告诉我们不能过度依赖它们，即：作者为了告诉人们应该正确地使用家用机器人。故选D。 Passage3 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中） In today’s busy world, spending quality time with family can be a challenge. But it’s important for both children and parents. Quality time doesn’t mean you have to spend a lot of money or go out every day. It’s about making the most of the time you have together.Talk and Listen Talking and listening to each other helps families stay close. When kids feel they can talk to their parents, they are more likely to share their problems. This makes them feel better and helps them grow.Cook Together Cooking together is a great way to spend time with kids. It helps them learn about food and feel happy with what they make. Trying new recipes (烹饪法) can also be a fun adventure for the whole family.Play Together Playing games with your kids is not just fun, it’s important for their learning and growing up. It helps them use their imagination (想象力) and learn to solve problems. When you play games with your kids, even if you don’t understand all the rules sometimes, it shows you care about them, and that’s all they need. Spending quality time with family is not about how much time you spend, but what you do with it. The most important thing is to keep finding time to be together, no matter how short or long. Try to make it a habit so it becomes a regular part of your life. 1．What does quality time with family mean? A．Spending a lot of money. B．Going out with kids every day. C．Using the time together well. 2．Why is it good for kids to talk to their parents? A．It makes kids do more housework at home. B．It makes kids feel better and helps them grow. C．It teaches kids to learn to work together. 3．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Cooking with Kids B．The Benefits of Playing Games Alone C．Ways to Spend Quality Time with Family 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文讲了抽出时间陪伴家人，通过沟通、烹饪、游戏等方式，增进亲子感情，使家庭关系更加和谐。 1．细节理解题。根据“Quality time doesn’t mean you have to spend a lot of money or go out every day. It’s about making the most of the time you have together.”可知，高质量的陪伴是指充分利用在一起的时间。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When kids feel they can talk to their parents, they are more likely to share their problems. This makes them feel better and helps them grow.”可知，与父母交谈有助于孩子感觉更好并成长。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。根据“It’s about making the most of the time you have together.”及全文可知，整篇文章围绕如何高质量地陪伴家人展开，因此最佳标题是“Ways to Spend Quality Time with Family”。故选C。 Passage4 （24-25七年级上·北京通州·期中）There are many jobs at the hospital. Some people work as nurses. Some people work as doctors. You probably know about those jobs. There are many other jobs at the hospital, too. If you are a patient in a hospital, you will meet different workers. It might start with the ambulance (救护车) drivers. These workers help people get to the hospital quickly. Some workers take care of visitors to the hospital. The visitors have to sign in (签到). The receptionists (接待员) help them. The receptionists can also help them find the right places in the building. When people come into a hospital, they can see the receptionists first. Some workers make food at the hospital. They have a big kitchen. They cook food for the patients. Some patients need a special diet (特殊饮食). The cooks need to plan their meals carefully. They need to make sure the patients can get good food. Some workers help to keep the hospital clean. It is very important that the building is clean. They clean all the rooms every day. Patients need to have really clean rooms. That helps them get better quickly. Some workers help with computers. Doctors need to use computers. They show the doctors how to use them. They also fix the computers. Each of these workers needs to learn skills. They keep learning even after they get their jobs. Doctors have to learn most. They need to keep learning because medicine keeps changing. 1．The patients can ______ first when they come into the hospital. A．see the receptionists B．go to the kitchen C．use the computers D．get the doctor’s advice 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．All of the patients at the hospital need special diets. B．A clean hospital is very important for the health of the patients. C．Some workers stop learning skills after they get jobs at the hospital. D．The computer workers also need to learn medicine at the hospital. 3．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Working at a hospital is a difficult job. B．The workers at the hospital are nurses and doctors. C．It is important to learn medicine. D．People do many different jobs to help the hospital run well. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，旨在介绍医院中除了医生和护士之外，还有许多其他职业的人们在辛勤工作，共同确保医院的正常运作和患者的良好治疗环境。文章通过列举不同职业的工作内容和重要性，向读者展示了医院运作的复杂性和多样性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When people come into a hospital, they can see the receptionists first.”可知，当人们进入医院时，他们首先可以看到接待员。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段内容“Some workers help to keep the hospital clean. It is very important that the building is clean. They clean all the rooms every day. Patients need to have really clean rooms. That helps them get better quickly.”可知，保持医院清洁对患者的健康非常重要。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了医院里有很多不同的工作，人们需要学习不同的技能来帮助医院正常运行。因此，文章的主旨是介绍人们在医院中从事各种不同的工作来帮助医院良好运转。故选D。 Passage5 （24-25七年级上·北京通州·期中） A Space (空间) is More Than Just a Space Think of space! What comes to mind? No, I’m not talking about planets and aliens (行星和外星人). I’m talking about the space we live in! The world is full of different spaces. There are large spaces like parks and schools! And small spaces like our bedrooms! Let’s discuss public spaces and private (私人的) spaces. Public spaces Public spaces are often called commons. Commons are the places and things that we share. Roads, parks, and libraries are examples of commons. Can you think of any others? Commons are important. They are social (社会的) spaces for everyone in the community to come together. We are all responsible (应承担责任的) for them. Public spaces belong to (属于) everyone. Before you play in a park or throw a party at the library, remember that there are rules. The rules are set to keep these spaces clean and safe. Private spaces A private space has an owner (主人). Private spaces are also important. We all need a place where we can go to relax and be alone. Homes and offices (办公室) can be examples of private spaces. The rules of these spaces are made by their owners. We must ask for permission(允许) before going into a private space. It is important to respect (尊重，重视) all the spaces in our community and in our school. We can respect public spaces by leaving no trace. We don’t leave a mess and we put our trash in the trash bin. We can respect private spaces by asking for permission before we enter them. Respecting public and private spaces makes us become better people. It can also help our community keep clean, safe and fun! 1．________ belong to private spaces. A．Homes B．Roads C．Libraries D．Hospitals 2．What do the words “leaving no trace” in Paragraph 10 most probably mean? A．Asking for permission. B．Keeping it clean. C．Knowing the rules. D．Caring for others. 3．We must __________ in a private place. A．introduce the owner of the place to other people B．make sure other people can find an office C．ask for permission and follow the rules D．help people feel happy all the time 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To introduce the meaning of commons. B．To explain some rules of private spaces. C．To share a story about private spaces. D．To tell us to respect the public and private spaces. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是公共空间和私人空间，并告诉我们要尊重公共和私人空间。 1．细节理解题。根据“Homes and offices (办公室) can be examples of private spaces.”可知，家是私人空间，故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“We can respect public spaces by leaving no trace. We don’t leave a mess and we put our trash in the trash bin.”可知，我们在公共空间不乱丢东西，要把垃圾放在垃圾桶里，短语“leaving no trace”的意思与B选项一致，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“We must ask for permission(允许) before going into a private space.”以及“We can respect private spaces by asking for permission before we enter them.”可知，我们在进入私人空间之前，要请求征得许可并遵守规则，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Respecting public and private spaces makes us become better people. It can also help our community keep clean, safe and fun!”及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍了什么是公共空间和私人空间，并告诉我们要尊重公共和私人空间，故选D。 Passage6 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中）Effective communication means talking and listening well, so family members can understand each other and be closer. It is truly the key to keeping healthy family relationships. It is like a strong bridge that connects family members and helps them understand each other better. Here are some useful tips. Listen actively Actively listening to your family members makes a big difference. This means not only includes looking at the other person carefully when they talk but also nodding in agreement, and giving a thoughtful reply (回复) from time to time. When you listen actively, you show that you care about what they are saying and that their opinions (观点) matter. It creates a sense of respect and trust within the family. For example, if your sibling (兄弟姐妹) is sharing about their day at school, you can ask follow-up questions to show your interest. This not only makes them feel heard but also deepens (加深) your connection and understanding. Express yourself clearly It is also important to make sure that the other person understand your feelings. Try using “I” statements. For example, you can say “I feel left out (被忽视) when you don’t listen carefully.” instead of asking “Why don’t you listen to me?” Show your feelings in a clear and polite way. Choose the right time Talking about important matters requires (需要) everyone’s full attention. So it’s not a great idea to start these conversations when your family members are not happy or too busy. It can lead to misunderstandings. For example; if your parents have just had a hard day at work and they are very tired, it’s not the right time to talk about something serious. Maybe they won’t be able to focus and might not understand you properly. Also if your siblings are busy with their homework or playing a game and you suddenly start a deep conversation, it could disturb (打断) them and make them feel cross. Be patient Improving (增加) understanding with your family requires time and patience. You could take small steps to build a stronger connection and sometimes it’s OK not to agree on everything. For example, you can have a heart-to-heart talk with your parents or siblings regularly. Sharing your thoughts and feelings openly, and also listen carefully to theirs. When there are differences of opinion, try to understand each other instead of insisting on (坚持) your own. It might take some time and effort (努力), but little by little, you will find that the relationship with your family becomes more peaceful and happier. Show respect When you talk, show your respect for your family, especially the older members. It is very important to do so because it shows your good manners and kindness. Talking with them respectfully shows how much we care about our Chinese traditions. We should always remember to speak politely and listen carefully to them. We should always keep these tips in mind and try to have better communication with our family. Let’s make our family relationships stronger and happier. 1．You are having an argument (争论) with your younger brother about which TV show to watch. What should you do according to the passage? A．Shout at your brother and force him to watch your choice. B．Stop talking with your brother and watch what you want alone. C．Listen actively to your brother’s opinion and try to find a deal. 2．If you are willing to listen to your family members, what can you expect? A．They will give you pocket money at once. B．You will have a stronger connection with them. C．You will do whatever you want to share. 3．What does the word “cross” mean in the passage? A．Happy. B．Excited. C． Angry. 4．Why is it not a good idea to start important conversations when family members are not happy or too busy? A．Because they might not understand you properly. B．Because they might feel disturbed and disappointed. C．Because they might both not understand you and feel disturbed. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to express yourself clearly to build a good relationship at home. B．The tips to make friends with family members through caring and loving. C．The importance of effective communication with useful tips. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了有效沟通的重要性并提供了一些有用的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“When you listen actively, you show that you care about what they are saying and that their opinions (观点) matter.”可知应该积极倾听家人的意见，展示关心和尊重，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Actively listening to your family members makes a big difference…This not only makes them feel heard but also deepens (加深) your connection and understanding.”可知积极倾听可以加深联系，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Also if your siblings are busy with their homework or playing a game and you suddenly start a deep conversation, it could disturb (打断) them and make them feel cross.”可知如果你的兄弟姐妹正忙着做作业或玩游戏，而你突然开始深入交谈，这可能会打扰他们并让他们感到生气。因此意思是“生气”，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Talking about important matters requires (需要) everyone’s full attention. So it’s not a great idea to start these conversations when your family members are not happy or too busy. It can lead to misunderstandings…it could disturb (打断) them and make them feel cross.”可知家人不开心或忙碌时沟通会导致误解和打扰，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文讲述了有效沟通的重要性并提供了一些有用的建议。故选C。 Passage7 （23-24七年级上·北京海淀·期中）Colors are like magic in our world, making everything look beautiful and exciting. They are everywhere in nature, from the blue sky above to the green grass below. Let’s know more about how colors bring joy and beauty to our life. Colors and Feelings Do you know that colors can make us feel different emotions (情感)? Some colors, like red and orange, can make us feel full of joy and energy. Other colors, like blue and green, can make us feel calm and relaxed. Colors seem to have magic power to make us feel different things! Colors and Meanings Colors can mean different things in different cultures. For example, in some places, red can mean luck or love, while in other places, it can mean danger. Colors are like the codes that help us understand and connect with different cultures around the world. Colors can also have special (特别的) meanings in certain situations. For example, traffic lights use red for “stop” and green for “go”. That’s because colors can help us understand important information quickly. Colors for Communication Colors can help us communicate without using words. Have you ever seen a map with different colors? Those colors can tell us where things are, like mountains or rivers. Colors can also show us where to go easily. For example, different colors are used in signs in subway stations to help us tell different subway lines quickly. Colors are like messengers (信使) that give us important information without speaking. ________ Color is an important part in the field of art. Colors help artists tell stories and show their imagination in a special way. Even if there are no words, we can understand what the artists want to express through the pictures. Just like nature, art is full of colors that make our world more interesting and meaningful. When we look at a colorful painting, we can feel like we’re inside another world. Colors can have many kinds of effects (影响) on people. They can help us feel different emotions, understand different cultures, and even communicate without words. From the colors in nature to the colors in art, they make our world joyful and beautiful to explore. 1．Which word can replace (代替) the underlined word “codes” in Paragraph 3? A．gifts B．books C．bridges D．lights 2．Which of the following would be the best subtitle (小标题) for Paragraph 5? A．Colors in Art B．Colors in Nature C．Colors and Magic D．Colors and Culture 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s difficult to understand colors in artworks. B．Colors make the subway station quite important. C．It’s better to communicate with colors than words. D．Colors make it easy for people to get information. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了颜色在我们生活中的重要性：颜色不仅可以让我们感受到不同的情感，还可以在不同的文化中代表不同的意义；颜色可以用于传达信息和在艺术领域中表达想象力；无论在自然界还是在艺术中，颜色都是让我们生活更加丰富多彩的重要元素。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Colors are like the codes that help us understand and connect with different cultures around the world.”可知，颜色就像是帮助我们理解和连接世界各地不同文化的代码，codes“代码”，根据句子含义可以将codes替换成bridges“桥”，替换后句子的意思是“颜色就像是帮助我们理解和连接世界各地不同文化的桥”，两句表达的意思相近。故选C。 2．最佳标题题。根据“Color is an important part in the field of art.”和第五自然段内容可知，该段主要介绍了颜色在艺术领域中的作用。选项A“颜色在艺术领域”可作为此段最佳小标题。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“They can help us feel different emotions, understand different cultures, and even communicate without words.”可知，颜色可以帮助我们感受到不同的情感，了解不同的文化，甚至可以在不使用文字的情况下进行交流。选项D“颜色让人们更容易获取信息”符合原文。故选D。 主题03 其他 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·北京房山·期中）Many people think it’s important and good for health to wash the food before cooking it. However, for some food like eggs, washing can do more harm (坏处) than good. People like to wash the shell (壳) before they cook the egg. They want to make sure the egg is clean and there are no germs (细菌) on it. But they don’t need to do this, because factories will do the cleaning work when they sell the eggs. There is a coating on the shell of the egg. With the coating, germs can not get into the egg easily. When factories do the cleaning work, they wash away the coating and put a kind of special thing on the egg shell. It is there to keep germs from coming into the egg. “Of course there’re germs on the egg, but by washing it, you make it worse (更糟糕的). The egg shell is porous (可渗透的). The water can get germs into the egg when you wash it,” says health scientist Amy Leigh Mercree. “And this can happen more easily when you use cold water or running water.” “So don’t wash eggs—save yourself some time and keep the germs where they are,” Mercree says. 1．According to the passage, washing eggs before cooking them is ________. A．difficult B．healthy C．bad D．important 2．What do factories do with eggs? A．They use a special thing to keep germs from coming into the egg. B．They wash eggs with a special kind of water. C．They spend a lot of time washing eggs. D．They get all the germs out of the eggs. 3．What does the passage want to tell us? A．How to cook eggs well. B．Why we buy eggs from factories. C．How to get germs away from eggs. D．Why we don’t need to wash eggs before cooking them. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文讲述了许多人认为在烹饪前清洗食物对健康有益，但对于鸡蛋等食物，清洗可能弊大于利，并介绍了原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“Of course there’re germs on the egg, but by washing it, you make it worse (更糟糕的).”可知，洗鸡蛋会让情况变得更糟糕，因此洗鸡蛋是不好的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When factories do the cleaning work, they wash away the coating and put a kind of special thing on the egg shell. It is there to keep germs from coming into the egg.”可知，工厂会在蛋壳上涂上一种特殊的东西，以防止细菌进入鸡蛋。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“So don’t wash eggs—save yourself some time and keep the germs where they are”可知，文章想告诉我们为什么在烹饪鸡蛋之前不需要洗鸡蛋。故选D。 Passage2 （24-25七年级上·北京东城·期中）Your school days should be some of the best and happiest days of your life. How can you get the most from them, and be sure you do not waste (浪费) this great time to learn? Be active (积极的) at school Don’t say things are hard or boring. Take interest in school life and your school subjects (科目). Join lots of activities. Put up your hands quickly in class. Go around the school with a big smile. If you are not working, you are wasting your time at school. Keep healthy If you don’t eat a good breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class. If you go to bed late and don’t have enough (足够的) sleep, you will be sleepy in class. You need to play enough sports every day in order to keep your body strong. Face the problem (问题) Do not say you will do things tomorrow. If you get behind the class, it is very hard to get back in front. You cannot finish the race if you rest all the time. Everyone fails (未通过) some exams and has bad days. Don’t make small problems very big. Don’t forget to ask for help. You are young, and no one thinks you must do everything quite well. Spend the weekends Don’t waste time lying in bed on Saturday or Sunday morning. Go and play sports, get together with friends in the park to relax (放松), learn to play the piano, there are also a lot of things to do. You may read a book, practice English or help Mum with housework. Hope you can have a happy school life! 1．To be active at school, we should ________. A．put up hands quickly in class B．think about food in class C．feel sleepy in class D．make small problems very big 2．According to the passage, when you face a problem, you can ________. A．go to bed early to keep your body strong B．ask your parents or friends for help C．get together with friends in the park to relax D．go around the school with a big smile 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．You must do everything quite well. B．You can always do things tomorrow. C．You should have a good breakfast. D．You can only go out to relax on weekends. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to be active in class activities. B．How to spend the weekends well. C．How to be happy on school days. D．How to face small problems at school. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在学校过得快乐。 1．细节理解题。根据“Be active at school”部分的内容 “Put up your hands quickly in class.”可知，在课堂上积极表现包括快速举手，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Face the problem”部分的“Don’t forget to ask for help.”可知，当面对问题时，可以向别人寻求帮助，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Keep healthy”部分的“If you don’t eat a good breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class.”可知，应该吃好早餐，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章从在学校要积极、保持健康、面对问题和度过周末这几个方面来讲述如何在学校度过愉快的时光，选项C“如何在上学的日子里快乐。” 符合文章主旨。故选C。 Passage3 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中） Let’s Go Birdwatching If you’re looking for a new hobby, birdwatching is a good choice. A great thing about birdwatching is that anyone can do it. It’s an easy hobby. You can watch birds on your own or with others. Birdwatching is also a relaxing hobby. Scientists say seeing and hearing birds can help people feel happy. Here is how to start birdwatching. Learn to Identify (识别) Birds To watch the birds, you have to get a bird book first. It will have all the information you need to identify different birds. It can help you learn about different families of birds, their habits and calls. You can also use an app. Merlin Bird ID is a free app. The app makes identifying birds easy and fun. It will let you identify birds by the sounds they make. Know Where to Go Birdwatching You can watch the birds almost anywhere, including (包括) in your garden, yard, or just out of your window. If you live in the city, no problem! Head to the nearest park—especially during the spring and autumn when birds are on the move. Remember to visit places near water. Birds get thirsty (口渴的). They like lakes and rivers. ▲ A lot of birds wake in the early morning hours because they’ve been nesting (巢居) all night and want breakfast. So, start your birdwatching in the morning, when birds go out and look for food. Get Things You Need for Birdwatching Most of the time, you will hear bird calls from all around you, but they are far away in big trees. You can’t see them clearly. To watch these birds, you need binoculars (双筒望远镜) . Binoculars can help you see birds up close. 1．Why does the writer think birdwatching is a good choice for hobbies? A．Because we can keep birds at home. B．Because it doesn’t need much money. C．Because we can travel far to find birds. D．Because it’s an easy hobby for anyone. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s not easy to go birdwatching in the city. B．Places near rivers are good places for birdwatching. C．A bird book tells us how to start birdwatching in a park. D．Merlin Bird ID can help identify birds by their pictures. 3．Which of the following would be the best heading (标题) for Paragraph 5? A．Keep a List of Birds. B．Find a Special Bird. C．Go at the Right Time. D．Go with Other Watchers. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了观鸟作为一种新爱好的优点，并提供了如何开始观鸟的建议，包括识别鸟类、选择观鸟地点、合适的观鸟时间以及所需的观鸟工具。 1．细节理解题。根据“If you’re looking for a new hobby, birdwatching is a good choice. A great thing about birdwatching is that anyone can do it. It’s an easy hobby.”可知，作者认为观鸟是一个容易的爱好，适合任何人，所以它是一个很好的选择。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Remember to visit places near water. Birds get thirsty. They like lakes and rivers.”可知，靠近河流的地方是观鸟的好地方。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。根据“So, start your birdwatching in the morning, when birds go out and look for food.”可知，此段介绍观鸟的最佳时间，选项C“在合适的时间去”符合。故选C。 Passage4 （23-24七年级上·北京海淀·期中） Let’s play a little game. Clear your mind. Go ahead. Clear it. OK, now, try not to picture a white bear. Failed (失败)? OK, let’s try again. Now do the countdown from three. Three, two, one! Oh no! White bear again! If you’re having trouble with this, don’t worry. You’re not alone. In fact, the harder you try not to think of something, the more you end up thinking about it. It has a name, called Ironic Process Theory. Social psychologist (社会心理学家) Daniel Wegner first studied it in 1987. The theory (理论) tells people “thought control has the opposite (相反的) effect on behaviors.” So, if you’ve ever told yourself again and again not to play computer games or not to eat too much ice-cream, I’m sure this comes as no surprise. So it almost makes sure that your hard work to change bad habits by resisting (抵抗) will fail. A famous psychologist Carl Jung said, “What you resist not only keeps staying there but will grow in size.” If resisting the bad habits is not only useless but harmful, then what should you do instead? One way is to change what you want on your own brain. It goes like this: when you want to do something that you shouldn’t do, don’t resist. Instead, replace. Let me give you an example. My friend Jack had a strong habit that he tried to break—he couldn’t stop eating junk food. He fought with it for years using the “resist, resist, resist” way with results we can only guess at. Finally, he decided to try something different. Every time he felt that want, instead of trying to fight with it, he replaced the want with a drink of water! After a while, he found that the want slowly started to disappear (消失), until he forgot that it was ever even a thing. I love this amazing idea! Getting a drink is just one choice. You could also try peeling an orange, going outside, doing a push-up, taking a walk. ...You could try whatever works for you. It doesn’t matter what you do. Instead of resisting the behavior, just do something else. 1．Why does the writer talk about a little game at the beginning? A．To show how to play a game. B．To test readers’ math skill. C．To introduce a theory. D．To help readers to relax. 2．What can we learn from Ironic Process Theory? A．It helps people solve their problems easily. B．Hard work to resist bad habits is very useful. C．It tells people where their trouble comes from. D．Bad habits get stronger when people resist them. 3．What is “Jack’s want” in the passage? A．Eating junk food. B．Eating ice-cream. C．Picturing a white bear. D．Drinking some water. 4．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．thought control comes with good effects on behaviors B．doing something else helps to change bad habits C．bad habits disappear when we try to forget them D．the more we resist, the stronger mind we’ll have 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了社会心理学家的一个理论——讽刺进程理论，这个理论告诉我们，我们内心想抵制的东西不仅会一直存在，而且会越来越强大，因此不能强行去抵制。 1．细节理解题。根据开头的小游戏后的“It has a name, called Ironic Process Theory. ”可知，提出开头的小游戏是为了引出这个理论。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据游戏后的第二段“thought control has the opposite (相反的) effect on behaviors”可知当人们抵制坏习惯时，坏习惯会变得更强。故选D。 3．推理判断题。倒数第二段“My friend Jack had a strong habit that he tried to break—he couldn’t stop eating junk food.”可知，“Jack’s want”指的是吃垃圾食品。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据末段“Instead of resisting the behavior, just do something else.”可知与其抵制这种行为，不如做点别的事情。因此作者可能同意“做一些其他的事情有助于改变坏习惯”这一理念。故选B。 Passage5 （24-25七年级上·北京大兴·期中）Do you often find your desk in a mess (乱) ? A tidy desk can make you feel better. Here are some tips (建议) on how to have a tidy desk easily. First, clear off the clutter. Take everything off your desk and put them in a pile (堆). Then, sort (分类) through the pile and decide (决定) what you really need and what you can throw away or put in another place. For example, old papers that you don't need anymore can be sold for money. Next, find a right place for each thing. Put your books and notebooks in a bookshelf or a pile on the corner of your desk. Keep your pens, pencils, and markers in a pencil holder. Place your computer in a convenient position (方便的位置). By organizing (整理) our desk, we are not only having a tidy space but also saving time in the long run. Also, make it a habit to clean your desk. At the end of each day, spend a few minutes putting things back in their places and keep the desk clean. Finally, use some organizers to keep things in order. You can use a small tray for loose papers, a drawer divider for your stationery, and a box to hide those messy things. If you follow these steps, you can have a tidy desk and a more pleasant study or work place. 1．The writer mainly wants to tell us________. A．ways to keep our desks tidy B．a good habit to have a tidy desk C．why we need to have a tidy desk D．the benefits (好处) of having a tidy desk 2．What does the underlined (下划线) word“ clutter” mean (意思) in the passage? A．杂物 B．装饰 C．文具 D．垃圾 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．We don’t need to clean the desk very often. B．Having a tidy desk is not helpful for students. C．It’s not difficult to have a tidy desk if we follow the tips. D．A tray and a drawer divider are not useful for a tidy desk. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何保持桌面整洁的方法和建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“Here are some tips (建议) on how to have a tidy desk easily.”、第二段第一句“First, clear off the clutter. ”、第三段第一句“Next, find a right place for each thing.”、第四段第一句“Also, make it a habit to clean your desk.”以及第五段第一句“Finally, use some organizers to keep things in order.”可知，文章主要介绍了如何让书桌保持整洁的方法，包括清理杂物、给物品找合适位置、养成清理书桌的习惯以及使用整理工具等，所以作者主要想告诉我们保持书桌整洁的方法。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Take everything off your desk and put them in a pile. Then, sort through the pile and decide what you really need and what you can throw away or put in another place.”可知，clutter 指的是书桌上的各种物品，即杂物。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段“If you follow these steps, you can have a tidy desk and a more pleasant study or work place.”可知，如果“我们”遵循这些建议，拥有一个整洁的书桌并不难，所以C 项正确符合题意。故选C。 Passage6 （24-25七年级上·北京大兴·期中）Colourful fruits and vegetables are good for our health. Their colours help us keep healthy. Close your eyes and think about the colours of the food: the orange of carrots, the green of cabbages and the red of tomatoes. You can enjoy eating fruits and vegetables of all colours: green, yellow, red, blue, white and purple. They work together to protect (保护) our bodies. The list below shows how the colours work: * Green help prevent cancer (防癌). It is good for our eyes too. It also gives us strong bones (骨头) and teeth. * Blue and purple help us remember things well. * Red gives us healthy hearts. * Yellow and orange give us a healthy immune system (免疫系统). They are also good for our eyes. * White can keep cholesterol (胆固醇) at a low level. When shopping, you can look at the fruit and vegetable colour chart (表) below. Fruit and vegetable colour chart Green Blue and purple Red Yellow and orange White Green grapes Green apples Cabbages Kiwifruit Purple cabbages Eggplants Blackberries Blueberries Purple grapes Tomatoes Red grapes Watermelon Red apples Carrots Sweet potatoes Oranges Bananas Onions Potatoes White peaches Do you think the colours are interesting? So when we buy or eat fruits and vegetables, please remember: the more colours, the better. 1．We can eat ________ fruits and vegetables to protect our eyes. A．green, blue and purple B．red, yellow and orange C．white, blue and purple D．green, yellow and orange 2．Lily is 12 years old and her mother can get some ________ for her to grow strong bones. A．cabbages and kiwifruit B．bananas and carrots C．blueberries and eggplants D．tomatoes and red grapes 3．Which is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Different Colours B．How We Keep Healthy C．Why We Need More Colours D．Colourful Fruits and Vegetables 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了不同颜色的水果和蔬菜对我们的健康有益。 1．细节理解题。根据“* Green help prevent cancer (防癌). It is good for our eyes too. It also gives us strong bones (骨头) and teeth.”和“* Yellow and orange give us a healthy immune system (免疫系统). They are also good for our eyes.”可知，我们可以吃绿色、黄色和橙色的水果和蔬菜来保护我们的眼睛。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“* Green help prevent cancer (防癌). It is good for our eyes too. It also gives us strong bones (骨头) and teeth.”以及Fruit and vegetable colour chart中Green下“Green grapes  Green apples  Cabbages  Kiwifruit”可知，莉莉12岁了，她妈妈可以给她买些卷心菜和猕猴桃，让她长强壮的骨头。故选A。 3．最佳标题题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了不同颜色的水果和蔬菜对我们的健康有益。由此可知，D选项“丰富多彩的水果和蔬菜”最适合做文章的标题。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 阅读理解-说明文 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A.说明的对象 B.说明对象的特征 C.说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法） 说明文专业术语较多，抽象程度高，这使得解题难度较大。 常见的结构形式有总分式（总 — 分、分 — 总、总 — 分 — 总）、递进式（由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质）、并列式（各部分内容无主次轻重之分）和对照式（通过比较对照说明事物异同）。 主题01 科学知识 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·北京东城·期中）Let’s play a little game. Clear your mind. Go ahead. Clear it. OK, now, try not to picture a white bear. Failed (失败)? OK, let’s try again. Now do the countdown from three. Three, two, one! Oh no! White bear again! If you’re having trouble with this, don’t worry. You’re not alone. In fact, the harder you try not to think of something, the more you end up thinking about it. It has a name, called Ironic Process Theory. Social psychologist (社会心理学家) Daniel Wegner first studied it in 1987. The theory (理论) tells people “thought control has the opposite (相反的) effect on behaviors.” So, if you’ve ever told yourself again and again not to play computer games or not to eat too much ice-cream, I’m sure this comes as no surprise. So it almost makes sure that your hard work to change bad habits by resisting (抵抗) will fail. A famous psychologist Carl Jung said, “What you resist not only keeps staying there but will grow in size.” If resisting the bad habits is not only useless but harmful, then what should you do instead? One way is to change what you want on your own brain. It goes like this: when you want to do something that you shouldn’t do, don’t resist. Instead, replace. Let me give you an example. My friend Jack had a strong habit that he tried to break— he couldn’t stop eating junk food. He fought with it for years using the “resist, resist, resist” way with results we can only guess at. Finally, he decided to try something different. Every time he felt that want, instead of trying to fight with it, he replaced the want with a drink of water! After a while, he found that the want slowly started to disappear (消失), until he forgot that it was ever even a thing. I love this amazing idea! Getting a drink is just one choice. You could also try peeling an orange, going outside, doing a push-up, taking a walk... You could try whatever works for you. It doesn’t matter what you do. Instead of resisting the behavior, just do something else. 1．Why does the writer talk about a little game at the beginning? A．To show how to play a game. B．To test readers’ math skill. C．To introduce a theory. D．To help readers to relax. 2．What can we learn from Ironic Process Theory? A．It helps people solve their problems easily. B．Hard work to resist bad habits is very useful. C．It tells people where their trouble comes. D．Bad habits get stronger when people resist them. 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．thought control comes with good effects on behaviors B．doing something else helps to change bad habits C．bad habits disappear, when we try to forget them D．the more we resist, the stronger mind we’ll have Passage2 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中） The Generation Effect: A Way to Improve Memory Do you feel like you can remember things better when you work with the information actively (积极地), and make your own ideas or come up with your own examples? This is known as the Generation Effect (生成效应). A study from 1978 says that we remember information better if we create it ourselves instead of just reading it passively (被动地). Even today, scientists are still not quite sure how the Generation Effect actually works. Some think that making your own study material (材料) might wake up your semantic memory. That is all the general knowledge you’ve got over time, like facts and ideas. Others think that creating your own ideas might start special processes (过程) in your brain. But it doesn’t happen when you just read. Another idea is that playing with new information can help connect different pieces of it, making it easier to remember when you need to. No matter where the Generation Effect comes from, it is clear that it can help us a lot when we learn and remember information. So how can you use it in your day-to-day life? After reading a passage, open your notebook and try to write a few main points about the content (内容) from your memory. And if you’re learning to code (编程), read a guide book carefully, then try to practice what you’ve learned without looking at it. Go back to the book only when you really couldn’t move forward. What’s more, when trying to memorize anything you like, ask a friend to quiz (测试) you, so you can generate your own answers. Or create your own flashcards to test yourself. By doing these, you can better understand the things while learning. In the end, it’s about being active instead of passive when you learn. Taking a few minutes to create things can really help improve your learning. 1．What is the Generation Effect? A．Forgetting things quickly after reading something. B．Remembering things better when you make your own ideas. C．Having a good rest after study to improve your memory. 2．What does “semantic memory” in the text mean? A．The knowledge you have learned over time. B．The memory of words and their meanings. C．The knowledge of how to do some jobs. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Some special processes in your brain will start when you just read. B．Reading a guide book carefully can help create your own answers. C．Asking a friend to quiz you can help you remember the information. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) of writing this passage? A．To discuss a traditional learning method and its use in our study. B．To introduce the Generation Effect and how to use it in our life. C．To question the Generation Effect and its power on our learning. 主题02 人与社会——社会研究 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中）Nowadays many people look for fun online. Watching livestreaming (直播) shows has become part of their lives. At the same time, traditional culture has found a bigger stage online. Many traditional artists are starting to livestream like Douyin and Bilibili. Some of them sing Peking Opera, some make paper cutting, while others perform (表演) Chinese classical music. A growing number of young people are starting to become more interested in traditional culture because of livestreaming. Li Jun is a Peking Opera performer from the Shanghai Jingju Theater Company. The 59-year-old took up his smart phone and started livestreaming. Unlike performing on a real stage, Li uses common places as his stage, including his office and study room. Besides singing, Li also teaches viewers (观众) something about Peking Opera. People can ask him questions and get answers directly. “Livestreaming has brought this traditional art down to earth.” One viewer said, “it gives young people an easier way to learn more about the traditional art.” Li has more than 6,000 fans on Douyin, while one of his videos got 42,000 views on Bilibili. On March 26th, 2020, Bilibili livestreamed a huafu show on the third China Huafu Day. Performers showed clothes in traditional Chinese styles, including those from Wei, Tang and Ming dynasties. During the show, viewers not only enjoyed looking at the clothes, but also watched how performers used ancient (古代的) styles of make-up (化妆). As Guangming Daily said, livestreaming has come to a new stage through which traditional culture can be kept alive. 1．The writer mentioned Li Jun in order to ________ in Paragraph 2. A．tell young people to learn Peking Opera B．ask young people to learn from Li Jun C．give an example of traditional culture livestreaming D．ask young people to enjoy Li Jun’s livestreaming 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Many traditional artists start to sell traditional things on Douyin and Bilibili. B．More people have interest in traditional culture with the help of livestreaming. C．Peking Opera performer Li Jun has more than 42,000 fans on Douyin. D．Performers performed Chinese classical music in the Huafu show. 3．What does the underlined word “down to earth” mean in English? A．friendly to young people B．much easier to watch C．falling down to the ground D．not traditional anymore 4．Which is the main idea of the passage? A．Livestreaming is getting more and more popular. B．We should help to save the traditional art. C．Livestreaming brings traditional art back to life. D．Traditional art keeps livestreaming alive. Passage2 （24-25七年级上·北京房山·期中）In today’s modern world, home robots are becoming more and more popular. They help us a lot and have a great use on our lives. Home robots can bring us many benefits. They saves (节省) us a lot of time because they can help us clean the house, sweep the floor, wash the clothes and dust the furniture. They can also cook meals and prepare delicious dishes, making our lives more comfortable. Young people like them very much. Moreover, home robots can act as roommates. When you come home after a long day at school or work, a friendly robot greets you with a smile, ready to listen to your stories. For elderly people living alone, home robots can remind (提醒) them to take their medicine and help with housework. For children, home robots can teach them new things and play games with them. In this way, home robots not only give help but also bring warmth and happiness to our homes. However, there are also some things to think about. Some people worry that home robots may do the things human should do. But when they stay with people, they cannot give the warmth and understanding of real men. All in all, home robots can help us a lot. When we use them well, they can make our life better and make our homes more comfortable. But we should also know their bad points and don’t let them be all of our lives. 1．In today’s modern world, home robots are becoming more popular because ________. A．they look beautiful B．they are very expensive C．they can talk to us all the time D．they have a great use on our lives 2．What does the word “benefit” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．好处 B．方法 C．坏处 D．规则 3．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To make better home robots. B．To let people use home robots. C．To introduce different kinds of home robots. D．To tell people they should use home robots in a right way. Passage3 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中） In today’s busy world, spending quality time with family can be a challenge. But it’s important for both children and parents. Quality time doesn’t mean you have to spend a lot of money or go out every day. It’s about making the most of the time you have together.Talk and Listen Talking and listening to each other helps families stay close. When kids feel they can talk to their parents, they are more likely to share their problems. This makes them feel better and helps them grow.Cook Together Cooking together is a great way to spend time with kids. It helps them learn about food and feel happy with what they make. Trying new recipes (烹饪法) can also be a fun adventure for the whole family.Play Together Playing games with your kids is not just fun, it’s important for their learning and growing up. It helps them use their imagination (想象力) and learn to solve problems. When you play games with your kids, even if you don’t understand all the rules sometimes, it shows you care about them, and that’s all they need. Spending quality time with family is not about how much time you spend, but what you do with it. The most important thing is to keep finding time to be together, no matter how short or long. Try to make it a habit so it becomes a regular part of your life. 1．What does quality time with family mean? A．Spending a lot of money. B．Going out with kids every day. C．Using the time together well. 2．Why is it good for kids to talk to their parents? A．It makes kids do more housework at home. B．It makes kids feel better and helps them grow. C．It teaches kids to learn to work together. 3．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Cooking with Kids B．The Benefits of Playing Games Alone C．Ways to Spend Quality Time with Family Passage4 （24-25七年级上·北京通州·期中）There are many jobs at the hospital. Some people work as nurses. Some people work as doctors. You probably know about those jobs. There are many other jobs at the hospital, too. If you are a patient in a hospital, you will meet different workers. It might start with the ambulance (救护车) drivers. These workers help people get to the hospital quickly. Some workers take care of visitors to the hospital. The visitors have to sign in (签到). The receptionists (接待员) help them. The receptionists can also help them find the right places in the building. When people come into a hospital, they can see the receptionists first. Some workers make food at the hospital. They have a big kitchen. They cook food for the patients. Some patients need a special diet (特殊饮食). The cooks need to plan their meals carefully. They need to make sure the patients can get good food. Some workers help to keep the hospital clean. It is very important that the building is clean. They clean all the rooms every day. Patients need to have really clean rooms. That helps them get better quickly. Some workers help with computers. Doctors need to use computers. They show the doctors how to use them. They also fix the computers. Each of these workers needs to learn skills. They keep learning even after they get their jobs. Doctors have to learn most. They need to keep learning because medicine keeps changing. 1．The patients can ______ first when they come into the hospital. A．see the receptionists B．go to the kitchen C．use the computers D．get the doctor’s advice 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．All of the patients at the hospital need special diets. B．A clean hospital is very important for the health of the patients. C．Some workers stop learning skills after they get jobs at the hospital. D．The computer workers also need to learn medicine at the hospital. 3．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Working at a hospital is a difficult job. B．The workers at the hospital are nurses and doctors. C．It is important to learn medicine. D．People do many different jobs to help the hospital run well. Passage5 （24-25七年级上·北京通州·期中） A Space (空间) is More Than Just a Space Think of space! What comes to mind? No, I’m not talking about planets and aliens (行星和外星人). I’m talking about the space we live in! The world is full of different spaces. There are large spaces like parks and schools! And small spaces like our bedrooms! Let’s discuss public spaces and private (私人的) spaces. Public spaces Public spaces are often called commons. Commons are the places and things that we share. Roads, parks, and libraries are examples of commons. Can you think of any others? Commons are important. They are social (社会的) spaces for everyone in the community to come together. We are all responsible (应承担责任的) for them. Public spaces belong to (属于) everyone. Before you play in a park or throw a party at the library, remember that there are rules. The rules are set to keep these spaces clean and safe. Private spaces A private space has an owner (主人). Private spaces are also important. We all need a place where we can go to relax and be alone. Homes and offices (办公室) can be examples of private spaces. The rules of these spaces are made by their owners. We must ask for permission(允许) before going into a private space. It is important to respect (尊重，重视) all the spaces in our community and in our school. We can respect public spaces by leaving no trace. We don’t leave a mess and we put our trash in the trash bin. We can respect private spaces by asking for permission before we enter them. Respecting public and private spaces makes us become better people. It can also help our community keep clean, safe and fun! 1．________ belong to private spaces. A．Homes B．Roads C．Libraries D．Hospitals 2．What do the words “leaving no trace” in Paragraph 10 most probably mean? A．Asking for permission. B．Keeping it clean. C．Knowing the rules. D．Caring for others. 3．We must __________ in a private place. A．introduce the owner of the place to other people B．make sure other people can find an office C．ask for permission and follow the rules D．help people feel happy all the time 4．What is the writer’s main purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To introduce the meaning of commons. B．To explain some rules of private spaces. C．To share a story about private spaces. D．To tell us to respect the public and private spaces. Passage6 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中）Effective communication means talking and listening well, so family members can understand each other and be closer. It is truly the key to keeping healthy family relationships. It is like a strong bridge that connects family members and helps them understand each other better. Here are some useful tips. Listen actively Actively listening to your family members makes a big difference. This means not only includes looking at the other person carefully when they talk but also nodding in agreement, and giving a thoughtful reply (回复) from time to time. When you listen actively, you show that you care about what they are saying and that their opinions (观点) matter. It creates a sense of respect and trust within the family. For example, if your sibling (兄弟姐妹) is sharing about their day at school, you can ask follow-up questions to show your interest. This not only makes them feel heard but also deepens (加深) your connection and understanding. Express yourself clearly It is also important to make sure that the other person understand your feelings. Try using “I” statements. For example, you can say “I feel left out (被忽视) when you don’t listen carefully.” instead of asking “Why don’t you listen to me?” Show your feelings in a clear and polite way. Choose the right time Talking about important matters requires (需要) everyone’s full attention. So it’s not a great idea to start these conversations when your family members are not happy or too busy. It can lead to misunderstandings. For example; if your parents have just had a hard day at work and they are very tired, it’s not the right time to talk about something serious. Maybe they won’t be able to focus and might not understand you properly. Also if your siblings are busy with their homework or playing a game and you suddenly start a deep conversation, it could disturb (打断) them and make them feel cross. Be patient Improving (增加) understanding with your family requires time and patience. You could take small steps to build a stronger connection and sometimes it’s OK not to agree on everything. For example, you can have a heart-to-heart talk with your parents or siblings regularly. Sharing your thoughts and feelings openly, and also listen carefully to theirs. When there are differences of opinion, try to understand each other instead of insisting on (坚持) your own. It might take some time and effort (努力), but little by little, you will find that the relationship with your family becomes more peaceful and happier. Show respect When you talk, show your respect for your family, especially the older members. It is very important to do so because it shows your good manners and kindness. Talking with them respectfully shows how much we care about our Chinese traditions. We should always remember to speak politely and listen carefully to them. We should always keep these tips in mind and try to have better communication with our family. Let’s make our family relationships stronger and happier. 1．You are having an argument (争论) with your younger brother about which TV show to watch. What should you do according to the passage? A．Shout at your brother and force him to watch your choice. B．Stop talking with your brother and watch what you want alone. C．Listen actively to your brother’s opinion and try to find a deal. 2．If you are willing to listen to your family members, what can you expect? A．They will give you pocket money at once. B．You will have a stronger connection with them. C．You will do whatever you want to share. 3．What does the word “cross” mean in the passage? A．Happy. B．Excited. C． Angry. 4．Why is it not a good idea to start important conversations when family members are not happy or too busy? A．Because they might not understand you properly. B．Because they might feel disturbed and disappointed. C．Because they might both not understand you and feel disturbed. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to express yourself clearly to build a good relationship at home. B．The tips to make friends with family members through caring and loving. C．The importance of effective communication with useful tips. Passage7 （23-24七年级上·北京海淀·期中）Colors are like magic in our world, making everything look beautiful and exciting. They are everywhere in nature, from the blue sky above to the green grass below. Let’s know more about how colors bring joy and beauty to our life. Colors and Feelings Do you know that colors can make us feel different emotions (情感)? Some colors, like red and orange, can make us feel full of joy and energy. Other colors, like blue and green, can make us feel calm and relaxed. Colors seem to have magic power to make us feel different things! Colors and Meanings Colors can mean different things in different cultures. For example, in some places, red can mean luck or love, while in other places, it can mean danger. Colors are like the codes that help us understand and connect with different cultures around the world. Colors can also have special (特别的) meanings in certain situations. For example, traffic lights use red for “stop” and green for “go”. That’s because colors can help us understand important information quickly. Colors for Communication Colors can help us communicate without using words. Have you ever seen a map with different colors? Those colors can tell us where things are, like mountains or rivers. Colors can also show us where to go easily. For example, different colors are used in signs in subway stations to help us tell different subway lines quickly. Colors are like messengers (信使) that give us important information without speaking. ________ Color is an important part in the field of art. Colors help artists tell stories and show their imagination in a special way. Even if there are no words, we can understand what the artists want to express through the pictures. Just like nature, art is full of colors that make our world more interesting and meaningful. When we look at a colorful painting, we can feel like we’re inside another world. Colors can have many kinds of effects (影响) on people. They can help us feel different emotions, understand different cultures, and even communicate without words. From the colors in nature to the colors in art, they make our world joyful and beautiful to explore. 1．Which word can replace (代替) the underlined word “codes” in Paragraph 3? A．gifts B．books C．bridges D．lights 2．Which of the following would be the best subtitle (小标题) for Paragraph 5? A．Colors in Art B．Colors in Nature C．Colors and Magic D．Colors and Culture 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s difficult to understand colors in artworks. B．Colors make the subway station quite important. C．It’s better to communicate with colors than words. D．Colors make it easy for people to get information. 主题03 其他 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·北京房山·期中）Many people think it’s important and good for health to wash the food before cooking it. However, for some food like eggs, washing can do more harm (坏处) than good. People like to wash the shell (壳) before they cook the egg. They want to make sure the egg is clean and there are no germs (细菌) on it. But they don’t need to do this, because factories will do the cleaning work when they sell the eggs. There is a coating on the shell of the egg. With the coating, germs can not get into the egg easily. When factories do the cleaning work, they wash away the coating and put a kind of special thing on the egg shell. It is there to keep germs from coming into the egg. “Of course there’re germs on the egg, but by washing it, you make it worse (更糟糕的). The egg shell is porous (可渗透的). The water can get germs into the egg when you wash it,” says health scientist Amy Leigh Mercree. “And this can happen more easily when you use cold water or running water.” “So don’t wash eggs—save yourself some time and keep the germs where they are,” Mercree says. 1．According to the passage, washing eggs before cooking them is ________. A．difficult B．healthy C．bad D．important 2．What do factories do with eggs? A．They use a special thing to keep germs from coming into the egg. B．They wash eggs with a special kind of water. C．They spend a lot of time washing eggs. D．They get all the germs out of the eggs. 3．What does the passage want to tell us? A．How to cook eggs well. B．Why we buy eggs from factories. C．How to get germs away from eggs. D．Why we don’t need to wash eggs before cooking them. Passage2 （24-25七年级上·北京东城·期中）Your school days should be some of the best and happiest days of your life. How can you get the most from them, and be sure you do not waste (浪费) this great time to learn? Be active (积极的) at school Don’t say things are hard or boring. Take interest in school life and your school subjects (科目). Join lots of activities. Put up your hands quickly in class. Go around the school with a big smile. If you are not working, you are wasting your time at school. Keep healthy If you don’t eat a good breakfast, you will be thinking about food in class. If you go to bed late and don’t have enough (足够的) sleep, you will be sleepy in class. You need to play enough sports every day in order to keep your body strong. Face the problem (问题) Do not say you will do things tomorrow. If you get behind the class, it is very hard to get back in front. You cannot finish the race if you rest all the time. Everyone fails (未通过) some exams and has bad days. Don’t make small problems very big. Don’t forget to ask for help. You are young, and no one thinks you must do everything quite well. Spend the weekends Don’t waste time lying in bed on Saturday or Sunday morning. Go and play sports, get together with friends in the park to relax (放松), learn to play the piano, there are also a lot of things to do. You may read a book, practice English or help Mum with housework. Hope you can have a happy school life! 1．To be active at school, we should ________. A．put up hands quickly in class B．think about food in class C．feel sleepy in class D．make small problems very big 2．According to the passage, when you face a problem, you can ________. A．go to bed early to keep your body strong B．ask your parents or friends for help C．get together with friends in the park to relax D．go around the school with a big smile 3．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．You must do everything quite well. B．You can always do things tomorrow. C．You should have a good breakfast. D．You can only go out to relax on weekends. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to be active in class activities. B．How to spend the weekends well. C．How to be happy on school days. D．How to face small problems at school. Passage3 （24-25七年级上·北京西城·期中） Let’s Go Birdwatching If you’re looking for a new hobby, birdwatching is a good choice. A great thing about birdwatching is that anyone can do it. It’s an easy hobby. You can watch birds on your own or with others. Birdwatching is also a relaxing hobby. Scientists say seeing and hearing birds can help people feel happy. Here is how to start birdwatching. Learn to Identify (识别) Birds To watch the birds, you have to get a bird book first. It will have all the information you need to identify different birds. It can help you learn about different families of birds, their habits and calls. You can also use an app. Merlin Bird ID is a free app. The app makes identifying birds easy and fun. It will let you identify birds by the sounds they make. Know Where to Go Birdwatching You can watch the birds almost anywhere, including (包括) in your garden, yard, or just out of your window. If you live in the city, no problem! Head to the nearest park—especially during the spring and autumn when birds are on the move. Remember to visit places near water. Birds get thirsty (口渴的). They like lakes and rivers. ▲ A lot of birds wake in the early morning hours because they’ve been nesting (巢居) all night and want breakfast. So, start your birdwatching in the morning, when birds go out and look for food. Get Things You Need for Birdwatching Most of the time, you will hear bird calls from all around you, but they are far away in big trees. You can’t see them clearly. To watch these birds, you need binoculars (双筒望远镜) . Binoculars can help you see birds up close. 1．Why does the writer think birdwatching is a good choice for hobbies? A．Because we can keep birds at home. B．Because it doesn’t need much money. C．Because we can travel far to find birds. D．Because it’s an easy hobby for anyone. 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s not easy to go birdwatching in the city. B．Places near rivers are good places for birdwatching. C．A bird book tells us how to start birdwatching in a park. D．Merlin Bird ID can help identify birds by their pictures. 3．Which of the following would be the best heading (标题) for Paragraph 5? A．Keep a List of Birds. B．Find a Special Bird. C．Go at the Right Time. D．Go with Other Watchers. Passage4 （23-24七年级上·北京海淀·期中） Let’s play a little game. Clear your mind. Go ahead. Clear it. OK, now, try not to picture a white bear. Failed (失败)? OK, let’s try again. Now do the countdown from three. Three, two, one! Oh no! White bear again! If you’re having trouble with this, don’t worry. You’re not alone. In fact, the harder you try not to think of something, the more you end up thinking about it. It has a name, called Ironic Process Theory. Social psychologist (社会心理学家) Daniel Wegner first studied it in 1987. The theory (理论) tells people “thought control has the opposite (相反的) effect on behaviors.” So, if you’ve ever told yourself again and again not to play computer games or not to eat too much ice-cream, I’m sure this comes as no surprise. So it almost makes sure that your hard work to change bad habits by resisting (抵抗) will fail. A famous psychologist Carl Jung said, “What you resist not only keeps staying there but will grow in size.” If resisting the bad habits is not only useless but harmful, then what should you do instead? One way is to change what you want on your own brain. It goes like this: when you want to do something that you shouldn’t do, don’t resist. Instead, replace. Let me give you an example. My friend Jack had a strong habit that he tried to break—he couldn’t stop eating junk food. He fought with it for years using the “resist, resist, resist” way with results we can only guess at. Finally, he decided to try something different. Every time he felt that want, instead of trying to fight with it, he replaced the want with a drink of water! After a while, he found that the want slowly started to disappear (消失), until he forgot that it was ever even a thing. I love this amazing idea! Getting a drink is just one choice. You could also try peeling an orange, going outside, doing a push-up, taking a walk. ...You could try whatever works for you. It doesn’t matter what you do. Instead of resisting the behavior, just do something else. 1．Why does the writer talk about a little game at the beginning? A．To show how to play a game. B．To test readers’ math skill. C．To introduce a theory. D．To help readers to relax. 2．What can we learn from Ironic Process Theory? A．It helps people solve their problems easily. B．Hard work to resist bad habits is very useful. C．It tells people where their trouble comes from. D．Bad habits get stronger when people resist them. 3．What is “Jack’s want” in the passage? A．Eating junk food. B．Eating ice-cream. C．Picturing a white bear. D．Drinking some water. 4．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．thought control comes with good effects on behaviors B．doing something else helps to change bad habits C．bad habits disappear when we try to forget them D．the more we resist, the stronger mind we’ll have Passage5 （24-25七年级上·北京大兴·期中）Do you often find your desk in a mess (乱) ? A tidy desk can make you feel better. Here are some tips (建议) on how to have a tidy desk easily. First, clear off the clutter. Take everything off your desk and put them in a pile (堆). Then, sort (分类) through the pile and decide (决定) what you really need and what you can throw away or put in another place. For example, old papers that you don't need anymore can be sold for money. Next, find a right place for each thing. Put your books and notebooks in a bookshelf or a pile on the corner of your desk. Keep your pens, pencils, and markers in a pencil holder. Place your computer in a convenient position (方便的位置). By organizing (整理) our desk, we are not only having a tidy space but also saving time in the long run. Also, make it a habit to clean your desk. At the end of each day, spend a few minutes putting things back in their places and keep the desk clean. Finally, use some organizers to keep things in order. You can use a small tray for loose papers, a drawer divider for your stationery, and a box to hide those messy things. If you follow these steps, you can have a tidy desk and a more pleasant study or work place. 1．The writer mainly wants to tell us________. A．ways to keep our desks tidy B．a good habit to have a tidy desk C．why we need to have a tidy desk D．the benefits (好处) of having a tidy desk 2．What does the underlined (下划线) word“ clutter” mean (意思) in the passage? A．杂物 B．装饰 C．文具 D．垃圾 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．We don’t need to clean the desk very often. B．Having a tidy desk is not helpful for students. C．It’s not difficult to have a tidy desk if we follow the tips. D．A tray and a drawer divider are not useful for a tidy desk. Passage6 （24-25七年级上·北京大兴·期中）Colourful fruits and vegetables are good for our health. Their colours help us keep healthy. Close your eyes and think about the colours of the food: the orange of carrots, the green of cabbages and the red of tomatoes. You can enjoy eating fruits and vegetables of all colours: green, yellow, red, blue, white and purple. They work together to protect (保护) our bodies. The list below shows how the colours work: * Green help prevent cancer (防癌). It is good for our eyes too. It also gives us strong bones (骨头) and teeth. * Blue and purple help us remember things well. * Red gives us healthy hearts. * Yellow and orange give us a healthy immune system (免疫系统). They are also good for our eyes. * White can keep cholesterol (胆固醇) at a low level. When shopping, you can look at the fruit and vegetable colour chart (表) below. Fruit and vegetable colour chart Green Blue and purple Red Yellow and orange White Green grapes Green apples Cabbages Kiwifruit Purple cabbages Eggplants Blackberries Blueberries Purple grapes Tomatoes Red grapes Watermelon Red apples Carrots Sweet potatoes Oranges Bananas Onions Potatoes White peaches Do you think the colours are interesting? So when we buy or eat fruits and vegetables, please remember: the more colours, the better. 1．We can eat ________ fruits and vegetables to protect our eyes. A．green, blue and purple B．red, yellow and orange C．white, blue and purple D．green, yellow and orange 2．Lily is 12 years old and her mother can get some ________ for her to grow strong bones. A．cabbages and kiwifruit B．bananas and carrots C．blueberries and eggplants D．tomatoes and red grapes 3．Which is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Different Colours B．How We Keep Healthy C．Why We Need More Colours D．Colourful Fruits and Vegetables 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $