2026年中考英语重难点语法【非谓语动词】考点提炼&专项练习（分层）

2026年中考英语重难点语法【非谓语动词】考点提炼&专项练习（分层） 第一部分：核心考点提炼 非谓语动词是指在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式。它有三种：动词不定式 (to do)、动名词 (V-ing) 和分词 (现在分词V-ing 和 过去分词V-ed)。 一、 动词不定式 (to do) 核心功能： 作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和表语。 1. 作宾语 常接不定式作宾语的动词：want, decide, hope, plan, agree, choose, learn, promise, refuse, manage 等。 例：I hope to see you again. 2. 作宾语补足语 常接不定式作宾补的动词：ask, tell, want, wish, encourage, advise, allow, invite, warn 等。（注意：在let, make, have, see, hear, watch, feel等使役动词和感官动词后，要省略to。但变为被动语态时，to必须还原。） 例：My parents always encourage me to try my best. / I saw him cross the street. (被动：He was seen to cross the street.) 3. 作目的状语 表示行为的目的，可译为“为了...”。 例：He got up early to catch the first bus. 4. 作定语 放在被修饰的名词/代词之后，表示将要发生的动作。 例：I have a lot of homework to do tonight. 5. 作主语 常用It's + adj. + to do sth句型，it作形式主语。 例：It's important to learn English well. 疑问词 + 不定式 相当于一个名词短语，作宾语、主语等。 例：I don't know what to do next. / How to solve the problem is the key. 二、 动名词 (V-ing) 核心功能： 作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1. 作宾语 a. 动词宾语：常接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：enjoy, finish, practice, avoid, consider, imagine, miss, suggest, keep, mind 等。 例：Do you mind opening the window? b. 介词宾语：放在介词后面作宾语。 例：I'm looking forward to hearing from you. (注意：这里的to是介词) 常用短语：be good at, be interested in, thank you for, be afraid of, instead of 等。 2. 作主语 表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 例：Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 3. 作表语 说明主语的内容或性质。 例：His job is teaching English. 三、 分词 (V-ing / V-ed) 核心功能： 作定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语。 1. 作定语 现在分词 (V-ing)：表示主动或正在进行，修饰物。 例：a sleeping baby (一个正在睡觉的婴儿) 过去分词 (V-ed)：表示被动或已完成，修饰人。 例：a broken window (一扇被打破的窗户) 2. 作状语 表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。 例：Seeing the teacher, the students stopped talking. (时间状语，主动) 例：Born in a poor family, he had to work hard. (原因状语，被动) 3. 作宾语补足语 感官动词/使役动词 + 宾语 + 现在分词(表主动进行) / 过去分词(表被动完成) 例：I heard someone singing next door. (主动进行) 例：I need to have my hair cut. (被动完成) 4.作表语 现在分词多表“令人...的”，修饰物；过去分词多表“感到...的”，修饰人。 例：The movie is exciting. (物) 例：I am excited about the movie. (人) 第二部分：专项分层练习 Level 1: 基础巩固 (单项选择) 1. It's important ______ a foreign language. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 2. My mother asked me ______ TV too much. A. not to watch B. to not watch C. don't watch D. not watch 3. —Would you mind ______ the door for me? —Of course not. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 4. The little boy is afraid ______ alone at night. A. of going out B. to go out C. going out D. A and B 5. I saw him ______ into the room just now. A. go B. goes C. went D. to go 6. There is something wrong with my watch. I'll have it ______ tomorrow. A. repaired B. repair C. repairing D. to repair 7. ______ to school, I met an old friend of mine. A. On my way B. In my way C. On the way D. In the way 8. The story is so ______ that all the children are ______ in it. A. interesting; interesting B. interested; interested C. interesting; interested D. interested; interesting 答案与解析： 1. B (It's + adj. + to do) 2. A (ask sb not to do sth) 3. C (mind doing sth) 4. D (be afraid of doing / be afraid to do 常可互换) 5. A (see sb do sth, 省略to) 6. A (have sth done 让某事被做) 7. A (On my way to school是固定短语，省略了Going) 8. C (interesting修饰story, interested修饰children) Level 2: 能力提升 (用所给词的正确形式填空) 1. It's too noisy. Would you please stop ______ (make) such a big noise? 2. The teacher told us ______ (not be) late for class again. 3. I'm sorry I forgot ______ (post) your letter. I'll do it this afternoon. 4. He promised ______ (help) me with my math. 5. The book is worth ______ (read) a second time. 6. The girl ______ (name) Lily is my best friend. 7. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful. 8. When I passed by, I heard her ______ (sing) an English song. 答案与解析： 1. making (stop doing停止正在做的事) 2. not to be (tell sb not to do sth) 3. to post (forget to do忘记要做某事<未做>；forget doing忘记做过某事<已做>) 4. to help (promise to do) 5. reading (be worth doing) 6. named (过去分词作定语，表被动“被叫做...”) 7. Seen (过去分词作状语，表被动“被从山顶看”) 8. singing (hear sb doing听到某人正在做某事) Level 3: 综合运用 (句子改写/翻译) 1. 改写句子：My dream is that I will become a scientist. → My dream is ______ a scientist. 2. 改写句子：Because he was ill, he didn't go to school. → ______ ill, he didn't go to school. 3. 汉译英：他足够大可以自己穿衣服了。 → He is old enough ______ himself. 4. 汉译英：我爸爸花了一个小时修自行车。 → It took my father an hour ______ the bike. 5. 汉译英：看！有个男孩正在河里游泳。太危险了！ → Look! There is a boy ______ in the river. It's too dangerous! 答案与解析： 1. to become (用不定式作表语) 2. Being (用现在分词短语作原因状语，表主动) 3. to dress (enough to do) 4. to repair (It takes sb some time to do sth) 5. swimming (There be + sb + doing 现在分词作定语修饰boy) 第三部分：备考策略与易错点提醒 一．牢记固定搭配：把常接to do和常接V-ing作宾语的动词分类记忆。 1. 只能接V-ing的动词：享受(enjoy)错过(miss)完成(finish)实践(practice)建议(suggest)避免(avoid)考虑(consider)保持(keep)想象(imagine) 2. 只能接to do的动词：决定(decide)希望(hope)计划(plan)拒绝(refuse)选择(choose)同意(agree)管理(manage)承诺(promise) 二．注意意义迥异的词 stop to do (停下来去做另一件事) vs stop doing (停止正在做的事) remember/forget/regret to do (记得/忘记/遗憾要去做某事<未做>) vs remember/forget/regret doing (记得/忘记/遗憾做过某事<已做>) try to do (努力做某事) vs try doing (尝试做某事) mean to do (打算做) vs mean doing (意味着) 三．分析逻辑主语：在作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。 (错) Walking in the park, the flowers are beautiful. (花不会走路) (对) Walking in the park, I saw beautiful flowers. 四．书面表达中的应用：在写作中刻意使用非谓语动词，能让句子结构更丰富、更高级。 (平淡) I got up early because I wanted to catch the bus. (高级) I got up early to catch the bus 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $