语境20 文学、艺术与体育(三) 体育-【高考领航】2026年高考英语一轮复习微专题速练

语境20　文学、艺术与体育(三)　体育 层级式精练 层级一　基础达标 Ⅰ. 1．①for　②with/against　③competition ④compete for 2．①with/by　②be replaced　③may be replaced by industry 3．①A　②C　③D　④B Ⅱ. 1．competition　2.challenging　3.glorious 4．be replaced　5.instructions　6.selection 7．training　8.volunteers Ⅲ. 1．keeps your body fit and healthy　2.which appealed to both students and teachers of our school　3.holds all kinds of sports competitions 层级二　能力提升 Ⅰ. A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。对我们大多数人来说，跑步可能是一项艰巨的任务。但是，你知道吗？我们人类在进化过程中比地球上任何其他动物跑得都快。说到耐力，本文认为我们可以超过猎豹、狼甚至马。那么，是什么让人类成为如此擅长耐力跑的超级明星呢？本文就此进行了论述。 1．B　推理判断题。根据第一段“But do you know that humans can leave them in the dust? At least，in the long run，that's right.”的转折可推知，第一段提到猎豹是为了和人类进行对比从而引出——从长远来看，人类是地球上跑得最快的。 2．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We have 2－4 million sweat glands(腺) all over our body”“Having no fur is also a huge plus.”可知，人类之所以在跑步方面耐力很强是因为人类有很多的汗腺，且没有毛皮。 3．D　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Studies show running can lower body weight and body fat.And the longer you train，the greater the benefits are.”，并结合题干可知，想减肥的人只要进行系统的跑步训练即可。 4．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But in fact，you were born to go on that run.”并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，作者强调了人类天生就具备很强的跑步能力。 B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。复杂的比赛项目和团队运动往往出现在大的社会文明中，社会的文化水平越高，相互作用的复杂性就越大，因此体育的形式可能也就越复杂。文章通过比较古希腊人喜欢的个人运动和中国人喜欢的团体运动——蹴鞠来进行说明。 5．A　词义猜测题。根据第一段画线短语后的“feathers or air”和画线短语前的“skin”以及常识可推知，外壳内填充了羽毛或空气。A项“充满”，与画线短语意义相符。故A项正确。 6．D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“But complex games...in big civilizations”可知，复杂的比赛项目和团队运动往往出现在大的社会文明中，由此可推知，社会文明促成了复杂的体育运动。故D项正确。 7．B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The members were...also professional kickball players.”可知，蹴鞠的成员通常是来自富裕家庭的年轻男子；由此可知，来自富裕家庭的年轻男子是蹴鞠的主要成员。故B项正确。 8．D　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，该段主要讲述了蹴鞠的特征“mercy”， “courtesy”， “Ten Essentials of Kickball”。故D项正确。 Ⅱ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在特殊奥林匹克运动会上担任儿童排球教练时，通过自己的努力帮助一个名叫Brian的孩子打开心结，使他融进团体之中的故事。 1．C　根据上文“I once coached volleyball for a group of kids for the Special Olympics.”可知，作者担任排球教练，再结合语境和常识可知，此处指热身后，孩子们开始了他们的活动。 2．B　由第四段中“I saw Brian come out of his corner”可以推知，Brian应该是喜欢蜷缩在角落里。 3．D　根据下文中的“Brian often ______and wouldn't communicate with others”可以推知，Brian不与他人交流，所以在他人进行活动时，他并不参与其中，而是时而看其他孩子，时而把头放在膝盖上休息。 4．A　根据上文中的“Brian was sitting in the______ by himself, as usual，______ between watching the other kids and resting his head on his knees.”可知，Brian的状态一直不好，不愿与他人交流，可以推知，他的家人应该是对其做了很大努力。 5．D　由下文“this caused him a lot of anger and sadness”可知，这给他带来了气愤和悲伤，所以空处应表示“不幸地”。 6．A　由下文“Brian often ______ and wouldn't communicate with others”可知，Brian不愿与他人沟通，因此推断他处理生活消极情绪的能力有限。 7．B　根据本句中 “wouldn't communicate with others”可知，Brian经常沉默寡言。 8．C　根据上文的“With a ______ ability to fully understand and deal with the negativity in his life, Brian often ______ and wouldn't communicate with others.”可知，Brian的性格很难与他人沟通，并且完全理解和处理生活中的消极情绪的能力有限。所以对他应该有耐心一些。 9．A　根据上文中的“Brian often______and wouldn't communicate with others”可以推知，Brian不愿意与他人交流，所以这里教练是想让布莱恩加入团体中，不再像之前那样封闭自己。 10．D　根据本句中“As the volleyball lesson”中as表示“随着……”，可以推知，Brian是在排球课进行时从角落出来的。 11．C　根据下文 “Hesitantly, he ______ me and asked if he could play.” 可知，Brian询问作者他是否也能玩。可以知道，Brian也对这个游戏很感兴趣。 12．C　根据上文“I saw Brian come out of his corner and moving closer”可知，Brian离作者有一段距离，这里他应该是靠近作者然后再询问。 13．A　由第二段 “this caused him a lot of anger and sadness”可以推知，Brian此时应该已经放下自己的气愤。 14．B　由上文“On this night, Brian had finally decided to move past his ______ and take part in the fun.”可以推知，Brian已经能主动融入团体中，与别人开始交流，所以此处应该是Brian和其他孩子一同离开排球场。 15．D　由第一段中“Brian was sitting in the ______ by himself, as usual，______ between watching the other kids and resting his head on his knees.”以及第四段中的“On this night, Brian had finally decided to move past his ______ and take part in the fun.”可知，作者通过努力使之前一直不与他人交流，常常坐在角落的Brian开始融入团体中。由此推知，作者知道自己至少正在对这些孩子的生活产生小的影响。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 语境20　文学、艺术与体育(三)　体育 清单式背诵——基础知识排查记 话题词汇 1.athlete n．运动员；运动选手 athletic adj.运动的；运动员的 2．audience/spectator n．观众 3．champion n．冠军 championship n．锦标赛 4．compete vi.比赛；竞争 competition n．比赛；竞争 competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 competitor n．竞争者；选手 5．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战 6．defeat vt.击败；战胜 7．event n．比赛项目；事件；大事 8.glory n．巨大的光荣；荣誉；赞美 9．homeland n．祖国；本国 10．host vt.做东；主办；招待 n．主人 11．instruct vt.教导；通知；指示 instruction n．教导；说明；指示 [pl.]用户说明；操作手册 12．medal n．奖章；勋章；纪念章 13．motto n．座右铭；格言 14．race n．赛跑；竞赛；种族；民族 v．(速度)竞赛；比赛 15．replace vt.取代；替换；代替 16.responsibility n．责任；职责 responsible adj.有责任心的 17．select vt.选择；挑选；选拔 selection n．选择 18．shoot vt.(shot，shot)射击；射中；发射 n．嫩芽；狩猎 shooting n．射击；狩猎 shot n．射击；开枪；开炮；射击声；子弹 19．sponsor n．赞助者；赞助商 v．赞助；主办 20．stadium n．运动场；体育场 21．train vt.& vi.训练 trainer n．教练员；运动鞋 training n．培训；训练 22．voluntary adj.志愿的 volunteer n．& v．志愿(者) 23．win v．(won，won) 获胜；赢得 winner n．获胜者 话题词块 1.approach the finish line 接近终点线 2．be proud of/take pride in 为……感到自豪 3．break the record 打破纪录 4．compete in 参加(比赛或竞争) 5．go all out 全力以赴 6．hold the Olympic Games 举办奥运会 7．hold competitions 举办比赛 8.reach the standard 达到标准 9．score a goal 射门得分 10．set a new world record 刷新世界纪录 11．speak highly of 高度赞扬 12．try out for 参加选拔 13．win a gold/silver/bronze medal 赢得金/银/铜牌 14．win glory for 为……赢得荣誉 话题句式 1.As far as I know，every participating team is making good preparations for the game.It can be predicted that this is a close game. 据我所知，每一支参赛队正在为比赛做充分的准备。可以预见这是一场势均力敌的比赛。 2．Of all the sports，I like basketball best.I hold the view that it is not only a sport but also an art，because it is a game that needs strength and skill. 在所有运动中，我最喜欢篮球。我认为它不仅是一项运动，而且是一门艺术，因为它是一项需要力气和技术并用的体育运动。 3．Our school stadium is accessible to us students，and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise.(应用文之告知信) 我校体育馆对我们学生开放，我们锻炼时能很方便地使用。 层级式精练——核心要点全练通 层级一　基础达标 Ⅰ.重点词汇题组练 1．compete vi.比赛；竞争 ①We will compete with other volleyball teams ________ the championship. ②Life is like a long race where we often compete__________ others to go beyond ourselves. ③Finally，I wish this year's English speech __________ (compete) a great success. ④博物馆必须与其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。 Museums must __________ people's spare time and money with other amusements. 2．replace vt.取代；替换；代替 ①It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced________ a modern hotel or not. ②It is generally believed that teachers will never ________ (replace) by computers in class. ③失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复，但失去的时间却一去不复返。(读后续写之主旨升华) Lost wealth__________________，but lost time is gone forever. 3．shoot 根据语境选出shoot的含义 A．n.照片 B．v.射击；向……开枪 C．vi.射(门)；投(篮) D．vi.(朝某方向)冲，奔，飞驰 ①Patient as I was，after about 15 minutes，my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take.________ ②A time limit was set for a team to shoot at the basket.________ ③We were walking when a sports car shot past us.________ ④The police had orders to shoot anyone who attacked them.________ Ⅱ.话题词汇快速练 1．There's always__________(compete)，whether you realize it or not. 2．In the coming three years，our school life will be ________ (challenge) and you will try to make a life for yourself. 3．It's a________ (glory) mission but also a dangerous one! 4．It is generally believed that teachers will never ____________ (replace) by computers in class. 5．Ms.Shen gave us________ (instruct) and then we worked by ourselves. 6．A________ (select) of readers' comments are published below. 7．It is required that the new employees be provided safety ________ (train) before they start to work. 8．Sophia said the ________ (voluntary) were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. Ⅲ.话题写作能力练 1．锻炼有助于维持你的健康生活方式，同时它也让你的身体保持健康。 Exercise helps to maintain your healthy lifestyle，and also it ______________． 2．上周日，举行了一场激动人心的越野赛跑，比赛吸引了我校全体师生。 Last Sunday saw an exciting cross-country running race，_________________． 3．我们不仅参加排球和篮球课程，我们学校还举办各种体育比赛。 Not only do we take volleyball and basketball courses，but our school also__________________________________． 层级二　能力提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Running may feel like a big task for most of us.But do you know our species has evolved to run better than any other animals on this planet? Cheetahs (猎豹) are the fastest land animals in the world.But do you know that humans can leave them in the dust? At least，in the long run，that's right.When it comes to endurance，we can outrun cheetahs，wolves and even horses.So what makes humans such endurance running superstars? The secret weapon is our sweat.We have 2－4 million sweat glands (腺) all over our body，which means we can run and cool ourselves at the same time.Having no fur is also a huge plus.In contrast，dogs rely on panting (喘息) to cool down，and other animals，like horses and camels，also sweat，but less effectively.As a result，they overheat faster and must slow down sooner. So，why did humans get to be such great endurance runners，anyway? Some experts believe this became important around 2－3 million years ago，when we started hunting.Because we couldn't chase down a gazelle (瞪羚) like a cheetah，early humans learned hunting. Studies show running can lower body weight and body fat.And the longer you train，the greater the benefits are.Just one year of training has been shown to reduce body weight by about 7 lbs，lower body fat by 2.7% and decrease resting heart rate by 2.7%. It may seem really hard，or even impossible to run a mile or a marathon.But in fact，you were born to go on that run.We all were. 1．In the first paragraph，cheetahs are mentioned to ________． A．show cheetahs are the fastest land animals in the world B．introduce humans can run fastest on the planet in the long run C．contrast with wolves and even horses in one aspect of endurance D．inform running may be a big challenge for most of us humans 2．Why can we humans be endurance running superstars? A．We can pant to cool down our heat like dogs. B．We can sweat effectively like horses and camels. C．We have massive sweat glands and meanwhile no fur. D．We can run and overheat fastest to cool down ourselves. 3．According to studies in the text，if you want to lose weight，what should you do? A．Eat a variety of vegetables and less fat. B．Work out at the gym every day. C．Exercise outside as much as you like. D．Conduct systematic training in running. 4．What does the author intend to emphasize in the last paragraph? A．Humans have great running ability by birth. B．Humans can chase down animals like cheetahs. C．Marathoners don't need hard training. D．Running can lower body weight and fat. B All human societies play games.Kicking a ball can be found everywhere whether the ball is just a ball of cloth，or a skin stuffed_with feathers or air. But complex games and team sports have tended to arise in big civilizations—the higher the cultural level of a society is，the greater the complexity of the interaction is，and hence perhaps the more complex the forms of sports are. This is not always the case.The ancient Greeks，for example，preferred the individual rather than team sports.But in China for well over 2，000 years，people played the game of “kickball”—cuju.The members were often young men from wealthy families though there were also professional kickball players. Cuju was played as entertainment at court banquets or the reception of foreign ambassadors.Even emperors played kickball. As you'd expect in a Confucian society，kickball clubs were keen on the key qualities of mercy and courtesy.A great player was one who showed “the spirit of the game”．The “Ten Essentials of Kickball” included respect for other players，polite behaviors and team spirit.There was to be no ungentlemanly behavior，no dangerous play，and no hogging (独占) the ball.In other words，as we used to say，“Play up and play the game.” What a contrast with the ancient Greek athletics where only victory counted and if that needed gamesmanship，or cruel professional fouls (犯规)，then so be it. As a way of national culture protection，cuju was listed into the first batch of China's intangible cultural heritage in 2006. 5．What does the underlined phrase “stuffed with” mean in paragraph 1? A．Filled with.　 B．Decorated with. C．Surrounded with. D．Covered with. 6．What may contribute to the complicated games? A．Teams. B．Interactions. C．Societies. D．Civilizations. 7．Who were the major members in a cuju team according to the text? A．Sleepers. B．The rich young men. C．Emperors. D．The professional athletes. 8．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about? A．Kickball's popularity. B．Kickball's development. C．Kickball's importance. D．Kickball's characteristics. Ⅱ.完形填空 I once coached volleyball for a group of kids for the Special Olympics.One particular Tuesday night，after warming up，the kids began their __1__．Brian was sitting in the __2__ by himself，as usual，__3__ between watching the other kids and resting his head on his knees. His family__4__ greatly with what they referred to as his “condition”. __5__，this caused him a lot of anger and sadness.With a __6__ ability to fully understand and deal with the negativity in his life，Brian often __7__ and wouldn't communicate with others.Working with Brian each week，I knew I had to be __8__． On this particular Tuesday night，as I had done so many times before，I simply told him that we'd love to have him__9__us，and made my way over to the other kids. As the volleyball lesson__10__，I saw Brian come out of his corner and moving closer，__11__ in the fun the other kids were having.Hesitantly，he __12__ me and asked if he could play.On this night，Brian had finally decided to move past his __13__ and take part in the fun. At the end of that Tuesday night，as I watched Brian and the other kids leave the volleyball court __14__，I knew that I was making at least a small __15__ in these kids' lives. 1. A．discussions B．studies C．moves D．preparations 2．A.chair B．corner C．darkness D．crowd 3．A.exploring B．comparing C．emerging D．alternating 4．A.struggled B．competed C．agreed D．integrated 5．A.Naturally B．Obviously C．Literally D．Unfortunately 6．A.limited B．unique C．remarkable D．permanent 7．A.looked down B．shut down C．slowed down D．calmed down 8．A.strict B．accurate C．patient D．efficient 9．A.join B．help C．choose D．support 10．A.ceased B．started C．suspended D．progressed 11．A.hidden B．engaged C．interested D．involved 12．A.excited B．hugged C．approached D．encountered 13. A．anger B．fear C．pride D．doubt 14．A.behind B．together C．fast D．late 15．A.contribution B．promise C．chance D．difference 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $