第二部分 专题二 第二讲 第二节 形容词和副词（学生用书Word）-【高考领航】2026年高考英语大一轮复习学案

　　　第二节　形容词和副词 考点一　形容词、副词的基本用法 1．形容词主要用来修饰名词、代词，表示事物或人的性质和特征，可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语或状语等。 [名师点津] (1)通常只作表语的形容词：①以“a-”开头的形容词：afraid害怕的，alone孤单的，alive活着的，alike相似的，ashamed羞愧的，awake醒着的； ②content，worth，ill(有病的，不舒服的)，sure，liable，well等。 (2)通常不用“人”作主语的形容词：possible，impossible，probable，convenient，necessary等。 (3)形容词作状语时，表示主语所处的状态。其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 2．副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至整个句子，可作状语、表语、宾语补足语等。 [名师点津] (1)有些副词，如fortunately，luckily，surprisingly，honestly，actually，personally 等作状语时往往修饰整个句子，表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。 (2)常考的连接性副词：though然而，可是(一般用于句末，表转折)；meanwhile 在此期间；therefore/thus/consequently因此，所以(表结果)；moreover/furthermore/besides/additionally而且，此外(表并列、递进或顺承)；besides而且，另外，还有；however然而(表转折)；instead相反，代替；anyway/anyhow尽管，即使这样(表让步)；otherwise否则。 (3) 意义不同的同根副词 close不 远地，接近 closely密切 地，接近 high(空 间上)高 highly(程度 上)高度地 deep(空间 上)深 deeply(情感 上)深刻地， 强烈地 late迟，晚 lately最近 free免费 freely不受 限制地；无 拘无束地 near近 nearly几 乎，差不多 hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不 wide充分地 widely广 泛地，范围 广地 [即时演练]　单句语法填空 1．The old people there were talkative and they told us their ____________ (person) stories cheerfully. 2．There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and ____________ (disappoint). 3．I'll never forget the ____________ (amaze) trip I had in Beijing，China and I hope to go there next time with my friends. 4．In the study，GBS was used to provide a __________ (high) efficient way of demonstrating quantum computational speedup in solving some tasks. 5．When we arrived at the ball，we didn't find anyone else. ____________ (curiosity)，we looked around for other guests. 考点二　形容词和副词的比较等级 1．比较等级的变化规则 (1)规则变化 情况 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 加-er/ -est small smaller smallest 以不发音 字母e结 尾的词 加-r/ -st large larger largest 以一个辅 音字母结 尾的重读 闭音节词 双写这个 辅音字 母，再加 -er/-est hot hotter hottest 以“辅音字 母＋y” 结尾的词 变y为i 再加-er/ -est easy easier easiest 多音节词 和部分双 音节词 词前加 more/ most interesting more interesting most interesting [名师点津] 有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common，handsome，quiet，pleasant，cruel，stupid，secure等；表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect，favorite等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good，well better best bad，badly，ill worse worst many，much more most little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest far farther(只指距离)更远的 farthest(只指距离)最远的 further(指距离或程度)更远的，更进一步的 furthest(指距离或程度)最远的，最深入的 2.比较等级常用句型 等级 形式 意义 原 级 as＋adj./adv.(原形) ＋as 和……不一样 as＋adj.(原形)＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋as... 和……一样 not as/so...as... 比 较 级 比较级＋than 比……更…… the＋比较级＋of the two＋可数名词复数 两者中较……的那个 比较级＋and＋比较级 越来越…… the＋比较级．.. the＋比较级．.. 越……就越…… 最 高 级 the＋最高级＋比较范围 最…… 比较级＋than any other＋单数名词 比任何一个……都…… 比较级＋than all the other＋名词复数 比其他所有……都…… 比较级＋than anything/anyone else/any of the other＋名词复数 比任何一个……都…… 否定词＋比较级 表达最高级含义 [名师点津] 比较等级常见标志词 (1)出现much，far，even，rather，a little，a bit，a lot，a great deal，than等标志词时用比较级。 (2)设空后有in，of，among等表范围的标志词时应用最高级。 (3)设空前有定冠词the，one of the，“the＋序数词”等修饰词时应用最高级。 考点三　倍数句型 A＋is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B Smoking is harmful to people's health，killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents. 吸烟有害健康，每年因吸烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的人多7倍。 A＋is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B This restaurant wasn't half as good as that restaurant we went to. 这家餐馆不如我们去的另一家餐馆一半好。 A＋is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B The newly-broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。 The＋名词＋of＋A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B The output of this year is three times that of 2024.＝The output of this year is three times what it was in 2024. 今年的产量是2024年的三倍。 A＋is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句 [即时演练]　单句语法填空 1．During the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century，Beijing Opera finally formed and became the ____________ (big) of all operas in China. 2．The electronic waste stream is increasing three times ____________ (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole. 3．The village didn't waste its newfound access and built more infrastructure to make life ____________ (easy)for residents and attract curious visitors from outside. 4．Zhou ____________ (far)explained it. Repeatedly pounding and boiling the fresh tea leaves，with generous portions of ginger，a sprinkling of roasted rice，nuts and other local ingredients，can aid digestion. 5．For the people suffering tremendous pressure，the Alps is completely an ideal place to release pressure. The more you explore Alps，the ____________ (stressed) you will feel. 考点四　形容词和副词的词形转换 1．形容词的构词规律 构成 意义 例词 名词＋-y 充满……的 wind→windy； wealth→wealthy 名词/动词 ＋-ful 充满……的； 有……倾向的 wonder→wonderful； use→useful； power→powerful； peace→peaceful 名词＋ -al/-ial 与……有关的 person→personal； face→facial 名词＋ -ous 有……性质的 glory→glorious； humor→humorous 名词＋ -ish 有……性质的 child→childish； self→selfish 名词/动词 ＋-ible/ -able 能……的； 可……的 access→accessible； reason→reasonable 名词/动 词＋-ive 有……性质的 attract→attractive； create→creative 名词/动 词＋-ly 有……特征的 friend→friendly； time→timely 名词/动 词＋-less 没有……的 end→endless； aim→aimless 名词＋ -en 由……制成的 wood→wooden 名词＋ -ern ……方向的 south→southern 名词/动词 ＋-ate 具有……性质的 fortune→fortunate； consider →considerate 2.形容词变副词的规则 类别 例词 一般形容词变副词直接在其后加-ly anxious→anxiously 以辅音字母＋e结尾的形容词直接加-ly，以元音字母＋e结尾的形容词去掉e再加-ly immediate→immediately， polite→politely， true→truly 以辅音字母＋le结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-y probable→probably(特殊情况：whole→wholly) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的形容词要变y为i再加-ly happy→happily，(特殊情况：dry→drily/dryly，shy→shyly) 以ic结尾的形容词要在其后加-ally economic→economically， basic→basically 以ll结尾的形容词要在其后加-y full→fully，dull→dully [即时演练]　单句语法填空 1．As a thousand-year-old commercial city known for the Canton Fair，Guangzhou has drawn ____________ (globe) attention with its open genes and prosperous economy. 2．Through the initiative，China is working hard to create more prosperous (繁荣的) and __________ (harmony)countryside，providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life. 3．In addition to the ____________ (elegance) craftsmanship，modern technologies such as 3D printing and AI have also been used to make the lanterns nicer and more vivid. 4．Ambitious young scientists were ready to put their knowledge to the test at the tournament，which provided a ____________ (true) enriching and enjoyable experience for all involved. 5．____________ (basic)，medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment，protecting people against infections. 6．You can rent bicycles in most tourist hangouts, but they are not as ________ (wide) available as cars and motorcycles. 7．She said she had no choice but to stop the online ordering system ________ (temporary) at around 1：30 pm because there were more than 200 orders still to be completed. 8．Jiang's story is one of victory over adversity. More ________ (incredible), she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan Province. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the __________ (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska... 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is ____________ (rare) enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. 3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)So，what are they learning? ____________ (basic)，how to describe a panda's life. 4．(2023·浙江卷1月)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____________ (simple) in design and decoration，and the hutongs were narrower. 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas，and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 6．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the ____________ (hot) the spring! 7．(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall，we decided it was time for some action and what ____________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! 8．40% of all known bamboo species in the world are grown in China，so it's not ____________ (astonish) that China grows more bamboo than any other country in the world. 9．Long ago，Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia. However，today they are found mainly along the Chinese-Russian border and ____________ (possible) in the north of the DPRK. 10．I was ____________ (incredible) fortunate to journey through the cities of Suzhou and Nanjing，both of which left me fascinated with their true impressiveness and eagerly longing to explore further. 11．For her，bettering her own record is ____________ (meaningful) than winning gold medals. 12．Although some medical professionals are __________ (doubt) about the far-reaching effects of TCM，the practice has been accepted as a fundamental aspect of global healthcare. Ⅱ.语法链接写作 1．巧用形容词和副词，生动形象 在写作中，考生可将副词置于句首增强文章的连贯性或用以强调，彰显句子的感情色彩，也可以将形容词置于句首或句末，增强情绪感染力，使句子更生动形象。 【典例】　(2024·新课标卷)总的来说，我非常喜欢这门艺术课。我给你附上一张我的作品照片，希望你能喜欢。 Overall，I thoroughly enjoyed the art class. I am attaching a photo of my artwork for you and hope you like it. 【运用】　(2024·全国甲卷)共享单车为短途出行提供了一种便捷、环保的交通工具。此外，中国的高速铁路网有效地连接了各个城市，大大节省了旅行时间，促进了经济发展。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2．形容词的名词化表达 某些形容词可以用“be of＋抽象名词”来表达。例如：be important＝be of importance，be beneficial＝be of benefit，be valuable＝be of value，be helpful＝be of help，be useful＝be of use 【典例】　(2023·天津卷6月)作为一名来自中国的交换生，我认为不同国家之间的文化交流是非常重要的。 As an exchange student from China，I believe that cultural exchange between different countries is of great importance. 【运用】　(2022·全国甲卷)说到海洋，它对世界非常重要，然而，它的污染正变得越来越严重。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3．活用带有比较级的句型 (1)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．.. 【典例】　(2023·全国乙卷)我在冰上练习得越多，我就越熟练，很快就滑得很自如了。 The more I practised skating on the ice，the more skilled I was，and I soon skated on the ice smoothly. 【运用】　(2022·全国甲卷)正如你们所知，参与的人越多，海洋环境就越好。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (2)“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义 【典例】　(2022·全国乙卷)我认为，在英语学习中，没有比自律更重要的了。 As far as I'm concerned，nothing is more important than self-discipline in English learning. 【运用】　(2023·新课标卷)没有什么比老师的鼓励更重要的了。没有老师的鼓励，我就不可能获奖。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二节　形容词和副词 重点难点透析 考点一　形容词、副词的基本用法 [即时演练] 1．personal　2.disappointed　3.amazing　4.highly　5.Curious 考点三　倍数句型 [即时演练] 1．biggest　2.faster　3.easier　4.further 5．less stressed 考点四　形容词和副词的词形转换 [即时演练] 1．global　2.harmonious　3.elegant 4．truly　5.Basically　6.widely 7．temporarily　8.incredibly 素养提能训练 Ⅰ. 1．largest　2.rarely　3.Basically 4．simpler　5.eventually　6.hotter 7．better　8.astonishing　9.possibly 10．incredibly　11.more meaningful　12.doubtful Ⅱ. 1．Shared bicycles provide a convenient and environmentally friendly means of transport for short trips. Besides，China's high-speed railway network has connected various cities effectively，greatly saving travel time and promoting economic development. 2．When it comes to ocean，it's of great importance to the world；however，its pollution is becoming more and more serious. 3．(1)As you know，the more people are involved，the better the ocean environment is. (2)Nothing is more important than my teacher's encouragement. Without it，I couldn't have won the prize. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $