第一部分 必修第一册 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD（教师用书Word）-【高考领航】2026年高考英语大一轮复习学案

情感描写之“紧张” 续写词块积累 续写金句背诵 1.a nervous glance　　　　紧张的一瞥 2．feel one's throat tight and one's mouth dry 感到喉咙发紧，嘴里发干 3．heart pound/beat/race wildly 心怦怦直跳 4．one's stomach be full of butterflies 心里发慌 5．sb's heart be in/fly into one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼儿 6．hands shake 手发抖 7．palms sweat 手心出汗 8．legs tremble/shake 腿打颤 1.Mary looked extremely nervous.She paced up and down，her throat tight，her mouth dry and her hands trembling. 玛丽看上去紧张极了。她来回踱步，喉咙发紧，嘴里发干，双手颤抖。 2．He put his heart in his throat，nervous as if the strings had filled his bow. 他把心提到了嗓子眼儿，紧张得就像拉满了弓的弦一样。 3．She spoke in a nervous and trembling voice and even stumbled a few times. 她说话声音紧张发抖，甚至结巴了几次。 4．Her trembling legs brought her onstage.Her heart pounded and her palms sweated. 她颤抖着双腿上了舞台。她的心脏怦怦直跳，手心出汗。 重 点 词 汇 1 refer vi.(referred；referred；referring)提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于(☞reference n．指称关系；参考) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Determined to find a cure for malaria，Tu Youyou referred to numerous ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine. ②《青春》被称为我最好的朋友，它陪伴我度过了整个高中。(2021·新高考卷应用文) Youth，referred to as my best friend，accompanies me through my whole high school. ③我写信想了解关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国人的信息。(2021·全国甲卷书面表达) I am writing to ask for information in/with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most． (1)refer to　　　指的是；描述；提到；查阅 refer to a book/dictionary 查阅书/词典 refer to ...as ... 称……为…… (2)in/with reference to 关于；根据……而论 reference books 参考书 2 base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据(☞basic adj.基本的；基础的☞basis n．基础) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Therefore，would it be possible for us to choose our partners freely based (base) on our personality and English potential？(2023·新课标卷应用文) ②Basically，team members need to receive training after school every day and they are also offered opportunities to watch table tennis competitions on a regular basis．(base) ③This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic (base) principles of photography in the wild.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ④正如谚语所言：“独木难成林”，我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。(读后续写之主旨升华) Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesn't make a forest”，our success is based on/upon cooperating with others． (1)base ...on/upon ... 把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon ... 以……为基础 (2)on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 on the basis of ... 在……的基础上 3 means n．方法；方式；途径　 [练透]——单句语法填空/句式升级/完成句子 ①To our disappointment，every possible means has been tried (try)，but none has worked. ＝To our disappointment，all possible means have been tried (try)，but none has worked. ②Mac could by no means scare the wolf off/away with bare hands without the help of kind­hearted Paul. →By no means could Mac scare the wolf off/away with bare hands without the help of kind­hearted Paul.(倒装句) ③共享单车为短途出行提供了方便且环保的交通方式。(2024·全国甲卷书面表达) Shared bicycles provide a convenient and environmentally friendly means of transport for short trips. a means of 一种……的方法(means单复数同形) by all means 可以；当然行；没问题 by means of 借助……手段；依靠……方法 by no means 绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，部分倒装) [名师点津]　单复数意义不同的名词小结：①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)　②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)　③art(艺术)→arts(文科) 4 appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值(☞appreciation n．欣赏；感激) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago. ②我写信来表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢我在伦敦逗留期间你为我所做的一切。(应用文之感谢信) I'm writing to convey my appreciation for what you did for me during my stay in London. ③范仲淹是宋代著名的作家和政治家，因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。(2023·全国甲卷书面表达) Known as a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty，Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society. (1)appreciate (one's) doing sth　　喜欢/感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我将不胜感激 (2)express/convey one's appreciation to sb 向某人表达感激之情 [名师点津]　当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。 5 struggle vi.& n．斗争；奋斗；搏斗 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①From now on，you should struggle for your dream and you will get the offer from your ideal university.(应用文之演讲稿) ②At present，the country has to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad. ③在我看来，一个人做点好事并不难，难的是一辈子做好事。(读后续写之主旨升华) As far as I'm concerned，it is not hard for one to do a bit of good，but it's a struggle to do good for a lifetime． ④看着汤姆艰难地下了轮椅，她竭力忍住不哭。 (读后续写之“动作＋神态”描写) Seeing Tom struggle out of his wheelchair，she struggled to hold back her tears． (1)struggle for ...　　　为……而斗争/奋斗 struggle with/against sb/sth 与某人/某事做斗争 struggle to do sth 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 (2)It is a struggle (for sb) to do sth (对于某人而言)做某事真是难事 6 equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；能胜任的 v．与……相等，比得上(☞equally adv.同等地；公平地☞equality n．平等；相等) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular，saying it was without equal.(译林选必一U1) ②更重要的是，它确保具有不同交流能力的学生有平等的机会来提高他们的语言技巧。(2023·新课标卷应用文) More importantly，it guarantees that students with varying communication abilities have equal opportunities to develop their language skills. ③首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。我确信我能胜任做这个中国绘画展的志愿者。(应用文之申请信) Firstly，nobody can equal me in oral English．I am convinced that I am equal to being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition. (1)be without equal＝have no equal　　无与伦比 (2)be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任(做)某事 (3)equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物 [名师点津]　表示“胜任……”的其他表达：①be up to　②be fit for　③be qualified for 7 demand n．需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问(☞demanding adj.要求高的) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding (demand)，but they can also be extremely rewarding. ②由于我们篮球俱乐部招收新成员，我写信邀请你加入。(应用文之邀请信) As new members are in demand in our basketball club，I'm writing to invite you to join it. ③因为摘苹果需要爬树，农民们要求我们谨慎小心。(话题写作之活动介绍) Because picking apples involved climbing trees，the farmers demanded that we should be cautious and careful． (1)be in (great) demand需求量大 (2)meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求 (3)demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that ...(should) do sth 要求……(应该)做某事 经 典 句 式 1 句型公式：“be of＋名词”结构 教材原句：That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。 [练透]——完成句子/一句多译 ①当得知手术对那位老人没用时，我感到喉咙哽塞，泪水湿润了眼眶。(读后续写之情绪描写) When learning that the operation was of no use to the old man，I felt a lump in my throat，tears welling up in my eyes. ②在我看来，掌握基本的生活技能对我们学生而言是非常重要的。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达) →As far as I'm concerned，learning basic living skills is of great importance/significance to us students．(名词) →From my point of view，mastering basic living skills is very important/significant to us students．(形容词) (1)be of＋value/significance/importance/use/benefit 等表抽象意义的名词＝be＋该名词对应的形容词，名词前可用great，no，little，much等词修饰。 (2)of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality 等表人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。 2 句型公式：“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句 教材原句：Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 [练透]——完成句子 ①无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。 Whenever/No matter when you need help，I sincerely hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation. ②我从经历中了解到，无论遇到什么困难，我们都应该努力解决。(读后续写之主旨升华) I learned from the experience that whatever difficulties we meet，we should try our best to solve them. ③无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。 However/No matter how busy I am，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions. “no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。 (1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 要 点 拾 遗 1 date back (to ...) 追溯到 [练透]——一句多译 中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。 →Chinese tea­drinking culture has a long history which dates from/back to more than 1，000 years ago．(定语从句) →Chinese tea­drinking culture has a long history dating from/back to more than 1，000 years ago．(分词短语作定语) 2 major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修；专门研究 n．主修课程；主修学生(☞majority n．大部分；大多数) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major in calligraphy at university in the future. ②有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。 Some people gave up halfway，but a/the majority of the participants made it to the finishing line. 3 句型公式：过去完成时(had done)的判断 [练透]——单句语法填空 ①The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned (learn) most accurately. (2025·八省联考) ②By the end of 2020，Ningxia had grown (grow) over 510，000 hectares of forest. ③With the bird in my cupped hand，I looked around to see how she had gotten (get) in.(2023·浙江卷1月) 层级一　语基落实练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Such structured thinking，followed by global(globe) regulation，will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. 2．Human beings are regarded(regard) as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. 3．Written (write) Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. 4．There is a variety (vary) of books in the bookstore for us to choose from，like history books，science books，reference (refer) books and so on. 5．Benefit is calculated on the basis (base) of average weekly earnings. 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Never will I sign up for the writing competition without your encouragement，so my thanks is beyond description (describe). 7．The buildings，dating(date) from the beginning of the 19th century，play an important role in the history of architecture. 8．The beauty of these flowers was appreciated (appreciate) ages ago，by specialists and common people alike. 9．Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，struggling to provide(provide) better education for their children. 10．Students should have a proper attitude towards/to college before thinking about which college to attend. Ⅱ.熟词生义练/一词多义练——清除阅读障碍 1．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 (1)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work，he told me. 珍惜 (2)He wrote an article for People's Daily regarding how to build a harmonious society.关于 (3)The girl who has a sharp wit and quick tongue dreams of being a lawyer.说话方式 (4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Somehow，these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.整体的，全面的 2．选出major的含义 A.adj.主要的；重要的；大的 B．vi.主修；专门研究　C．n.主修课程 (1)(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building.__A__ (2)(2023·全国乙卷听力)Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major，I'm really good with computers.__C__ (3)In fact，he inspires me to major in English in college，to be a bridge between China and the world.__B__ 3．选出character的含义 (1)(2023·全国乙卷)Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar，either farm fields or highways，sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.__D__ (2)Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble character.__B__ (3)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form known as Chinese calligraphy.__C__ (4)(2024·全国甲卷)You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable，but doesn't seem to come from nowhere，one that fits what's right for the characters.__A__ 层级二　写作提分练 投稿——英语学习 一、根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文 1．根据上面的图表，我们可以很容易地看到，选择听英文歌和看英文电影的学生比例分别为65%和50%。(base；过去分词短语作状语；定语从句) Based on the above chart，we can easily see that the percentages of students who choose to listen to English songs and watch English movies are respectively 65% and 50%. 2．关于阅读英语书籍和访问英语网站的学生，他们共占30%。(regard；定语从句) In/With regard to students who read English books and visit English websites，they together account for 30%. 3．图表上的数字表明，随着现代技术的发展，有各种各样在课堂之外学习英语的方法。(variety) The figures of the chart suggest that there is a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom with the development of modern technology. 4．在我看来，阅读被认为是学习英语最有益的方法。(regard) As far as I am concerned，reading is regarded as the most beneficial way to learn English. 5．多做听说练习也很重要。(be＋of＋ n．；it作形式主语) It is also of great importance/significance to do more listening and speaking practice. 6．无论我们选择什么方式，我们应该做的就是投入其中。(no matter＋疑问词) No matter what way we choose，what we should do is apply ourselves to it. 二、请用恰当的过渡衔接词汇将以上各句合并成美文 ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Based on the above chart，we can easily see that the percentages of students who choose to listen to English songs and watch English movies are respectively 65% and 50%.In/With regard to students who read English books and visit English websites，they together account for 30%. The figures of the chart suggest that there is a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom with the development of modern technology.As far as I am concerned，reading is regarded as the most beneficial way to learn English.What's more，it is also of great importance/significance to do more listening and speaking practice. All in all，no matter what way we choose，what we should do is apply ourselves to it. 教材语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　attitude；despite；ups and downs；appreciate v．→appreciation n． [动作描写]　refer to；major；regard；struggle；demand；relate to 美句 1.I used to get high marks in English，but now I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening.(对比) 2．If I'm talking to a close friend，I can...But if I'm talking to someone who isn't very close to me，I must...If I'm talking to someone senior to me，then I should say...(排比) 3．One language sets you in a corridor for life.Two languages open every door along the way.(主旨升华) 拓展语料积累——英语演讲 续写语料 语段背诵 情 感 描 写 ①feel one's heart pounding wildly and one's palms sweating　　　　感觉心跳剧烈加速，手心直冒汗 ②be rooted on the spot 扎根原地 ③beyond description 难以描述 ④without hesitation 毫不犹豫 ⑤feel as if one's hair stands on end 感到毛骨悚然 ⑥go blank 一片空白 根据语境，补全小语段，并背诵成文 Then came my turn.Standing on the stage，I could feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating.①So nervous was I that(我那么紧张以至于)my mind completely went blank.I wanted to flee，but I was rooted on the spot，②with my knees weak (我的膝盖发软).I struggled to think hard，③attempting to refer to my notes(试图查看我的笔记)，though it was not allowed.My hands trembled too wildly and my speech script slid onto the ground.Summer day as it was，I ④broke out in a cold sweat(吓得出了一身冷汗).“Help me please！” I could hear a desperate voice ringing in my mind. 动 作 描 写 ①tremble vi.　　　　　颤抖 ②slide onto the ground 滑落到地面上 ③flee vi. 逃跑 ④struggle to do sth 努力做某事 限时规范训练（6） (建议用时：40分钟　满分：50分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分) A 难度：☆☆ The young attendant probably said something like，Excusez­moi? Or Pardon? But I could not even register that he was speaking to me.I，in Paris for the very first time，was apparently deaf to even the cues (提示) of vocal tone and facial expression.Though I knew that my French was not good，it was then that I realized just being able to count to 15 and say “Je m'appelle Kyla” was not going to work. I had tried very hard to learn some French before I went on my long weekend.Despite all the available resources，I'd really had no intention of studying French in a meaningful way until I was in Paris.But as soon as I'd made up my mind，I ran into a roadblock.As a teenager，I'd learned Spanish almost passively，never receiving less than an A．Meanwhile，I'd taken Russian for a year，and learning a new alphabet and its grammar had given me an almost unshakable sense of confidence.So why，when trying to take up French，a language closest to English，could I not even remember how to use the most ordinary verb，être? When，months after my trip，I still hadn't gotten much further，I started to wonder ...am I bad at this? And though I was only in my 30s，was my lack of facility a result of aging? Yet alongside my frustration (沮丧)，a surprising feeling emerged.Not discouragement—but delight in my failure.At 32，having lived in the same city for over ten years，having finished school and started a career，having achieved many of the milestones of young adulthood，it had been so long since I'd been an absolute beginner that being bad at something actually felt refreshing. What so many people experience when they travel is the realization of how big the world is and how much more of it there is than they could have imagined.That's what I gained—an expanded sense of belief，not limited by what I had already seen; a humble belief in the power of what I didn't yet know. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要分享了作者在巴黎旅行期间的感悟：在法语上进展缓慢意味着还有未知的领域，因此，我们应该突破自己的局限，勇于探索未知。 1．What prevented the author understanding the attendant? （ ） A．The author's disability. B．The author's poor French. C．The attendant's accent. D．The attendant's low tone. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Though I knew that my French was not good ...say ‘Je m'appelle Kyla’ was not going to work.”可知，作者糟糕的法语让她甚至没有意识到服务员在和自己说话，故选B。 2．How did the author feel about the lack of progress in learning French? （ ） A．Disappointed and embarrassed. B．Delighted and refreshed. C．Indifferent and unconcerned. D．Confident and motivated. 解析：B　观点态度题。根据第四段中的“a surprising feeling emerged.Not discouragement—but delight in my failure”和“being bad at something actually felt refreshing”可知，作者发现自己在学习法语上进展缓慢时，居然感到开心，精神还为之一振，故选B。 3．What did the author gain from the travel experience in Paris? （ ） A．An increased ability to speak French. B．A desire to go abroad for further study. C．A feeling of accomplishment in the career. D．A sense of openness to the unknown world. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“That's what I gained—an expanded sense of belief，not limited by what I had already seen；a humble belief in the power of what I didn't yet know.”可知，作者这次巴黎之行的收获是不要受制于自己已经看到的世界，以及对未知力量的谦卑的信念，故选D。 4．What's the author's purpose of writing this passage? （ ） A．To share an unexpected blessing. B．To tell about an unpleasant trip in Paris. C．To offer advice on traveling abroad. D．To recommend ways to learn a language. 解析：A　写作意图题。 本文讲述作者在巴黎旅游期间，听不懂服务员讲法语，以及自己在学习法语上进展缓慢的经历和作者从这样的经历中得到的感悟：对于未知的世界，我们要保持开放的心态，勇敢地去探索。作者从学不好法语这件貌似是打击的事情中得到了意想不到的收获，故选A。 B 难度：☆☆☆ A new data crowdsourcing platform，an initiative led by Dr.Ioanna Sitaridou at Cambridge University，who has been studying Romeyka for the last 16 years，aims to preserve the sound of Romeyka，an endangered millennia­old variety of Greek.Experts consider the language to be a linguistic (语言的) goldmine and a living bridge to the ancient world. Romeyka，which does not have a writing system and has been transmitted only in spoken form，is thought to have only a couple of thousand native speakers left in Turkey's Trabzon region.Extensive contact with Turkish，the absence of support systems to facilitate intergenerational transmission，and migration have all taken their toll on Romeyka.A large majority of native speakers in Trabzon are over 65 years of age and fewer young people are learning the language. The newly launched Crowdsourcing Romeyka platform invites members of the public from anywhere in the world to upload audio recordings of Romeyka being spoken.“Speech crowdsourcing is a new tool which helps speakers build a database of spoken materials for their endangered languages，allows researchers to document these languages，and motivates speakers to appreciate their own linguistic heritage (遗产).At the same time，by preserving their language，it can help speakers achieve acknowledgement of their identity from people outside of their speech community，” said Dr.Sitaridou. The innovative tool is designed by a Harvard undergraduate in Computer Science，Mr.Matthew Nazari，himself a heritage speaker of Romeyka.Together they hope that this new tool will pave the way for the production of language materials in a naturalistic learning environment away from the classroom，but based instead around everyday use and community. By engaging with local communities，particularly female speakers，Sitaridou has gathered the largest collection of audio and video data in existence and amounting to more than 29GB of sourced data，and has authored 21 peer­reviewed publications.A film about Sitaridou's fieldwork has received 723，000 views to­date. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学的Ioanna Sitaridou博士致力于保护一种濒危的语言Romeyka，她发起了一个名为Crowdsourcing Romeyka的数据众包平台，邀请公众上传Romeyka的语音录音，以建立口语材料数据库，目前她的工作取得了丰硕的成果。 5．Why is it necessary to preserve Romeyka? （ ） A．It is a variety of Greek. B．It has a unique writing system. C．It can generate commercial value. D．It can strengthen the bond with the past. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Experts consider the language to be a linguistic (语言的) goldmine and a living bridge to the ancient world.”可知，保护这种语言的必要性在于它可以加强与过去的联系。故选D。 6．Which can replace the underlined phrase “taken their toll on” in paragraph 2? （ ） A．Had a negative influence on. B．Taken full advantage of. C．Played a leading role in. D．Thrown new light on. 解析：A　词义猜测题。画线短语的上文“Extensive contact with Turkish，the absence of support systems to facilitate intergenerational transmission，and migration”介绍的都是对语言的传播和传承不利的因素，其下文“A large majority of native speakers in Trabzon are over 65 years of age and fewer young people are learning the language.”描述的是这些不利因素导致的不利结果，由此推知，这些不利因素是对这种语言造成了负面影响、损害，画线短语意思应该与“Had a negative influence on (对……有负面影响)”相近。故选A。 7．What does paragraph 3 want to stress about the platform? （ ） A．Its prospect.　　　　 B．Its originality. C．Its significance. D．Its limitation. 解析：C　段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要强调了该平台起到的重要作用，即其存在的重要意义。故选C。 8．Which can best describe Dr.Sitaridou's work? （ ） A．Conventional. B．Eventful. C．Fruitful. D．Debatable. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Sitaridou博士的工作取得了丰硕的成果。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分) 难度：☆☆☆ (2025·河北省名校联盟高三第一次联考) The Beauty of Creative Friendships I recently walked through an incredible exhibition in Venice.It __1__ about 75 art works that a Dutch­American artist created during the time he spent in Italy in 1959 and 1969.The pieces on show included his ink­on­paper drawings，some gestural drawings，landscapes and sculptures. Born in 1904，de Kooning spent the majority of his artistic career as a(n) __2__ but in 1969，while visiting Rome，he __3__ an old friend，the sculptor Herzl Emanuel，who invited him to his studio and __4__ him to try working with __5__． At age 65，de Kooning __6__ his first sculptural works，13 small clay items.It was the __7__ of a new artistic era for him and，over the next 15 years，sculpture became a (n) __8__ and inseparable part of his career. Later，after I left the exhibition，I was __9__ by how beautiful it was that de Kooning began making sculpture because of the initial __10__ and encouragement of his __11__．It got me thinking about the often unacknowledged role that some friendships play in the creative process of __12__ across all types. We often think about those friendships that journey deeply with us in our private lives，__13__ us through emotional ups and downs.But friendships that develop our professional selves are also __14__．In offering courage，insight and clarity on the work that we produce，these friendships __15__ the overall quality of our lives. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了荷兰裔美国艺术家de Kooning在意大利的创作经历，以及他与雕塑家Herzl Emanuel的友谊是如何激发了他的雕塑创作的。 1．（ ）A.mentioned　　　　 B．sold C．expressed D．displayed 解析：D　根据后文“about 75 art works”可知，这里是指展出了艺术作品，故选D。 2．（ ）A.architect B．actor C．painter D．photographer 解析：C　根据上文“ink­on­paper drawings，some gestural drawings，landscapes and sculptures”可知，他是一位画家，故选C。 3．（ ）A.argued with B．ran into C．dealt with D．relied on 解析：B　根据上文“while visiting Rome”以及下文“an old friend”可知，这里是指偶然遇到，故选B。 4．（ ）A.requested B．forced C．encouraged D．ordered 解析：C　根据下文“to try working with”可知，这里是指对他进行鼓励，故选C。 5．（ ）A.stone B．clay C．wood D．glass 解析：B　根据下文“13 small clay items”可知，这里是指黏土，故选B。 6．（ ）A.created B．discovered C．purchased D．described 解析：A　根据下文“his first sculptural works”可知，这里是指创作，故选A。 7．（ ）A.rebirth B．recovery C．beginning D．sign 解析：C　根据上文“his first sculptural works，13 small clay items”可知，这里是指新的时代的开始，故选C。 8．（ ）A.minor B．irrelevant C．hard D．significant 解析：D　根据上文“a new artistic era”以及下文“and inseparable part of his career”可知，这里是指雕塑成了他职业生涯中一个重要且不可分割的部分，故选D。 9．（ ）A.confused B．convinced C．struck D．annoyed 解析：C　根据下文“how beautiful it was”可知，这里是指给作者留下了深刻印象，故选C。 10．（ ）A.invitation B．desire C．purpose D．decision 解析：A　根据上文“who invited him to his studio and ________ him to try working with”以及下文“and encouragement”可知，这里是指老朋友雕塑家Herzl Emanuel的邀请，故选A。 11．（ ）A.follower B．friend C．teacher D．neighbor 解析：B　根据下文“It got me thinking about the often unacknowledged role that some friendships play in the creative process”可知，这里是指他与雕塑家Herzl Emanuel之间的友谊，可知空白处应填表示“朋友”含义的表达，故选B。 12．（ ）A.writers B．visitors C．scientists D．artists 解析：D　根据上文“Dutch­American artist created during the time he spent in Italy in 1959 and 1969”可知，这里是指艺术家，故选D。 13．（ ）A.supporting B．ignoring C．lecturing D．controlling 解析：A　根据下文“us through emotional ups and downs”可知，这里是指在互相支持中经历情感的起伏，故选A。 14．（ ）A.close B．priceless C．brief D．innocent 解析：B　根据上文“over the next 15 years，sculpture became a(n) ________ and inseparable part of his career”可知，这里是指友谊是无价的，故选B。 15．（ ）A.maintain B．damage C．assess D．improve 解析：D　根据下文“the overall quality of our lives”可知，这里是指提高了我们生活的整体质量，故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分) 难度：☆☆☆☆ (2025·辽宁省锦州市高三模拟) Language Days at the United Nations seek 1________ (promote) multilingualism(多语言) and cultural diversity as well as increase equal use of all six official languages throughout the organization. The date for the Chinese day was selected from Guyu，which is the 2________ (six) of 24 solar terms(二十四节气) in the traditional East Asian calendars.In the Gregorian calendar(公历)，it 3________ (usual) begins around April 20. Chinese was established as an official language of the United Nations in 1946.However，in early 4________ (year)，Chinese was not commonly used in the work of the United Nations.5________ situation was improved after the People's Republic of China regained the lawful rights in the United Nations in 1971.In 1973，the General Assembly(联合国大会) 6________ (include) Chinese as a working language，7________ was followed by the Security Council in 1974.More and more UN offices and staff members work with Chinese language. In 8________ (celebrate) of United Nations Chinese Language Day 2021，UNSRC Chinese Book Club is organizing three events under the theme “Highlighting Pictographs(象形文字)”．The three events focus 9________ three types of pictographs 10________ (associate) with three cultures and three UNESCO World Heritage sites.All three events will be conducted live. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国中文日的发展历程和相关的庆祝活动。 1．解析:to promote　考查非谓语动词。seek后接动词不定式作宾语。故填to promote。 2．解析:sixth　考查序数词。分析句子结构可知，空前有定冠词the，所填应是序数词表达“第六”含义。故填sixth。 3．解析:usually　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词作时间状语。故填usually。 4．解析:years　考查名词复数。根据句意可知，表示“早些年”，应用复数形式。故填years。 5．解析:The　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空后situation指前文“Chinese was not commonly used in the work of the United Nations”这一情况，因此这里是特指。故填The。 6．解析:included　考查时态。分析句子结构可知，所填动词为句子的谓语动词，结合时间状语“In 1973”，应是一般过去时态，故填included。 7．解析:which　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“________ was followed by the Security Council in 1974”为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，句中所述事情在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 8．解析:celebration　考查名词。介词之后接名词作宾语。故填celebration。 9．解析:on/upon　考查介词。focus on/upon意为“关注，重点是”。故填on/upon。 10．解析:associated　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为focus，此处应是非谓语作后置定语，修饰空前“three types of pictographs”，associate与其之间为被动关系。故填associated。 40分写作规范练 （一） (限时：40分钟　满分：40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，上周五参加了外教Kevin做的关于各国音乐的讲座。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1．你的收获； 2．你的感想。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右 ； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Kevin， ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Kevin， Hope this email finds you well.I'm writing to express my gratitude for your fascinating lecture on music last Friday.It was truly an enlightening experience! My biggest takeaway is how music reflects cultural identities—though a universal language，music embodies great diversity，from the unique rhythms of African drumming to the melodious tune of Chinese Guzheng.Your passion also inspires me to explore more of the world's music and impresses on me the power music holds in connecting people across borders. Thanks again and I'm looking forward to attending more of your lectures and learning from your expertise. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 That was a big competition.We all knew it.The entire school was filled with excitement and anticipation.It was the annual choir(合唱) competition，and we were determined to participate despite knowing that many of us were not the best singers. As the class monitor，I felt responsible for calling in my classmates and convincing them to join the chorus.I knew it wouldn't be easy; some of them were hesitant and gave me skeptical looks，while others ran away.But I wasn't ready to give up. With a persuasive tone and genuine enthusiasm，I spoke to my classmates，explaining why it was important for us to participate as a team.I told them that it wasn't about being the best，but about coming together and enjoying the experience of singing as a group.Slowly，I started to see some students were interested and a few of them promised to give it a try. Our rehearsals (排练) were intense，filled with laughter，and sometimes frustration.We tried our best to perfect our harmonies and cooperation，but deep down，we still held onto the belief that we would probably end up at the bottom of all—the choirs.In that moment of despair，a boy from our choir whispered，“Are we just asking for humiliation(羞辱)？” The words made our doubts and fears stronger. But right before it was our turn to step onto the stage，Mrs.Wood，our music teacher，brought us together in a tight group.She looked into our eyes and said firmly，“We are not here to impress; we are here to express.” Her words made all the difference. With an understanding of the true meaning of our performance，we stepped onto the stage.As the music started，we sang from our hearts.We didn't worry about being perfect or winning the competition; we focused on expressing our love for music and the joy of singing together. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 When the performance ended，our headmaster stepped onto the stage.______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ The competition results were announced later，and we were awarded a special medal for our team spirit.______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ [参考范文] When the performance ended，our headmaster stepped onto the stage.Standing on the stage，he presented his appreciation to us for our actively taking part in the competition，and congratulated us for our successfully performing the whole song.Excited and thrilled，we students applauded warmly，showing our approval for him and expressing thanks to ourselves for our joint efforts.For now，we were not concerned about what results we would get，but enjoyed the precious moment on the stage，when we expressed ourselves thoroughly.With our warm applause and cheers，the headmaster stepped off the stage with satisfaction. The competition results were announced later，and we were awarded a special medal for our team spirit.Not getting the top prize，we were not sad at all，instead，we were proud of ourselves and were giving thanks to each other for our team spirit.We all believed that the experience of participating in the competition would remain in our hearts for a long time，for it was not only a reward for our efforts，but also a proof of our way to express ourselves through singing.It was after the competition that I came to enlightenment that competition is not a real competition，but a test of ourselves，and only when we stepped out bravely，could we understand its meaning. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $