精品解析：江苏省泰州市兴化市兴化中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学英语试题

江苏省兴化中学2025-2026学年秋学期高二年级阶段性测试(一) 学科：英语 第一部分：听力(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What has the woman finished doing? A. Choosing her major. B. Working on the computer. C. sending her application form. 2. What will the man buy? A. A bag. B. A laptop. C. A car. 3. When will the man check out? A. On the 16th. B. On the 17th. C. On the 18th. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Going on vacation. B. Dealing with sensitivities. C. Taking care of the pet. 5. What will the man probably do for the woman? A. Clean the table. B. Help with her report. C. Help the shopping. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What did Barbara begin to do two months ago? A. Do the gardening. B. Tidy the bedrooms. C. Decorate the living room, 7. Who might Brian be? A. Barbara’s neighbor. B. Barbara’s husband. C. Barbara’s gardener. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When does the conversation take place? A. Before ordering. B. During a meal. C. After a meal. 9. What do we know about the restaurant? A. It has a nice environment. B. It has a new address. C. It has a good name. 10. What do the speakers decide to do? A. Report service issues. B. Complain about the manager. C. Move to a less crowded place. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman curious about? A. What life coaches do. B. Why Mel does the qualification. C. Whether Mel is good at fixing problems. 12. What does the woman hate doing? A. Talking about her family situation. B. Analyzing personal problems. C. Completing the housework. 13. How can the woman solve her problem according to the man? A. By seeking cooperation. B. By changing her attitude. C. By starting a new routine. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What inspired Trent to start climbing? A. A picture of mountains. B. A television documentary. C. A biography of a climber. 15. What was Trent’s feeling during his first big climbing? A. Nervousness. B. Confidence. C. Amazement. 16. Why did Trent decide to climb the seven peaks? A. To overcome his fear. B. To realize his long-held dream. C. To raise money for his grandpa. 17. What made Trent special among the climbers to the seven peaks? A. He was accompanied by his grandpa. B. He climbed snow-covered mountains. C. He was younger than any other climber. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did Bohlin do in his first job? A. He taught at a college. B. He designed aircraft. C. He produced cars. 19. When did the first modern car seat belt appear? A. In 1942. B. In 1958. C. In 1959. 20. Which country was the first to introduce car seat belt laws? A. Japan. B. Australia. C. France. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节(共12个小题;每小题2.5分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选涂黑。 A My affair with sugar began innocently enough in my childhood, when I indulged (沉迷) in sweet treats as rewards for good behavior by overworked but loving parents, or as a means to celebrate special occasions. As I grew older, my craving (渴望) intensified, leading me to seek the sweet comfort of chocolate, Coke, and Cheese Cheetos. These sugary delights became my escape from the stress and worries in my life. It wasn’t until my reflection in the mirror no longer matched the lively, intelligent person I felt inside that I realized the severity of my situation. Clothes that once fit me perfectly are now uncomfortably light, and climbing a flght of stairs leaves me breathless. Not to mention that, in the past two to three years, my weight gain has influenced my self-esteem, confidence, and overall well-being. In my search for a healthier lifestyle, I decided to turn to zero-calorie drinks, believing they would be a healthier alternative to my beloved sugary drinks. However, my research led me to an alarming discovery of the dangers of aspartame, a commonly used artificial sweetener found in many zero-calorie drinks. Despite its lack of calories, aspartame has been linked to many health concerns including headaches, dizziness, and even more severe conditions. More studies are needed to learn about artificial sweeteners’ long-term effects on our health. Still, knowing this put me off zero-calorie drinks for a while! With newfound knowledge and determination I began my journey, to break free from sugar addiction. The journey was challenging, with persistent cravings and constant temptations (诱惑). However, armed with healthier snack alternatives, such as fruit and nuts, and the support of loved ones, I gradually weaned myself off the sugar roller coaster. I am rediscovering some of the joys of a more balanced lifestyle. Regular exercise became my companion, boosting my energy levels and reducing stress. 1. What initially attracted the author to sugar? A. Sugary delights. B. Childhood rewards. C. Stressful situations. D. Personal achievements. 2. What can be learned about zero-calorie drinks? A. They are free of artificial sweeteners. B. They can contribute to weight loss. C. They are highly favored by the market. D. They pose a potential threat to health. 3. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph? A. Stopped consuming sugar. B. Switched to sugar replacements. C. Monitored my sugar levels. D. Learned the tricks of sugar control. 4. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Self-aware and reflective. B. Inquiring but careless. C. Determined but impatient. D. Self-disciplined and ambitious. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从童年时期开始与糖结缘，随着成长逐渐沉迷糖分并因此引发健康和心理问题，之后通过研究发现零卡路里饮料的潜在危害，最终下定决心摆脱糖瘾、追寻更健康生活方式的经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“My affair with sugar began innocently enough in my childhood, when I indulged (沉迷) in sweet treats as rewards for good behavior by overworked but loving parents, or as a means to celebrate special occasions. (我与糖的纠葛始于童年时期，那时，辛勤却充满爱意的父母会将甜食作为我表现良好的奖励，或者将其作为庆祝特殊场合的方式，我就这样沉迷于甜食之中)”可知，作者最初被糖吸引是因为童年时期，甜食是父母给予的良好表现奖励。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, my research led me to an alarming discovery of the dangers of aspartame, a commonly used artificial sweetener found in many zero-calorie drinks. Despite its lack of calories, aspartame has been linked to many health concerns including headaches, dizziness, and even more severe conditions. (然而，我的研究让我有了一个令人担忧的发现：阿斯巴甜存在危害，它是一种常用的人工甜味剂，多见于许多零卡路里饮料中。尽管不含卡路里，但阿斯巴甜却与多种健康问题相关，包括头痛、头晕，甚至更严重的疾病)”可知，零卡路里饮料中含有的人工甜味剂可能带来健康风险，即它对健康构成潜在威胁。故选D项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“With newfound knowledge and determination, I began my journey, to break free from sugar addiction. The journey was challenging, with persistent cravings and constant temptations (诱惑). However, armed with healthier snack alternatives, such as fruit and nuts, and the support of loved ones, I gradually weaned myself off the sugar roller coaster. (凭借新获得的知识和决心，我开启了摆脱糖瘾的旅程。这段旅程充满挑战，糖瘾带来的渴望挥之不去，诱惑也无处不在。然而，有了水果、坚果等更健康的零食替代品，再加上亲人的支持，我逐渐weaned myself off the sugar roller coaster)”可知，作者的目标是“break free from sugar addiction (摆脱糖瘾)”，结合“healthier snack alternatives (更健康的零食替代品)”可推测，“weaned myself off the sugar roller coaster”指的是作者逐渐停止摄入糖分。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“It wasn’t until my reflection in the mirror no longer matched the lively, intelligent person I felt inside that I realized the severity of my situation. (直到镜子里的自己与我内心感受到的那个活泼、聪慧的形象不再相符，我才意识到问题的严重性)”可知，作者能通过自我观察发现自身问题，体现其“有自我认知的”；再根据第三段“In my search for a healthier lifestyle, I decided to turn to zero-calorie drinks, believing they would be a healthier alternative to my beloved sugary drinks. However, my research led me to an alarming discovery of the dangers of aspartame, a commonly used artificial sweetener found in many zero-calorie drinks. (在我追寻更健康的生活方式时，我决定转而选择零卡路里饮料，认为它们会是我钟爱的含糖饮料的更健康替代品。然而，我的研究却让我有了一个令人担忧的发现——阿斯巴甜存在危害。阿斯巴甜是一种常用的人工甜味剂，多见于许多零卡路里饮料中)”以及最后一段开启戒糖之旅可知，作者会主动反思并调整生活方式，体现其“reflective（善于反思的）”，综上，作者是有自我认知且善于反思的人。故选A项。 B Anyone who has taken a standardized test knows that writing an essay in 20 minutes or less takes serious brain power. Having access to artificial intelligence (AI) would certainly lighten the mental load. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggests, that help may come at a cost. Over the course of a series of essay-writing sessions, students working with as well as without an AI chatbot had their brain activity measured. Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention. Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. Moreover, generative-AI tools clearly seek to lighten people’s mental loads, as many other technologies do. Concerns about this kind of offloading aren’t new. As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion(神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. There is little evidence to suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity for thinking. But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 5. What does paragraph 3 emphasize about the MIT study? A. The procedures it followed. B. The limitations in its design. C. The conclusion it has drawn. D. The diversity among its participants. 6. According to Socrates, what negative consequence could writing have? A. People would avoid using reminders. B. People would stop thinking independently. C. People would rely less on their own memory. D. People would care less about the spoken word. 7. What point does the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate? A. AI can change users’ mental capacity. B. AI is not widely available to the public. C. AI can encourage users’ mental laziness. D. AI is not capable of solving every problem. 8. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Make You Stupid? B. How AI Lets You Offload Tasks C. Why AI Affects Your Thinking Abilities D. Is AI a Mental Shortcut You Can Easily Quit? 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。MIT研究表明，使用AI写作文的学生在创造力和注意力相关脑区活动显著降低，但长期影响未知。虽无证据显示AI 改变大脑思考能力，但需权衡其利弊。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. (从长远来看，人工智能是否会让人类的大脑变弱，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。这项研究背后的研究人员强调，需要进一步的工作来确定人工智能使用量增加与大脑功能减弱之间的明确因果关系。毕竟，这项研究的样本量很小，而且只关注一个单一的任务)”可知，第三段主要强调了MIT研究设计的局限——样本量很小，且只关注一个单一的任务。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion (神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. (早在公元前5世纪，苏格拉底就曾抱怨说，写作不是“记忆的药水，而是提醒的药水”。计算器使收银员不必计算账单。导航应用免去了看地图的需要。然而，很少有人会认为人们的能力因此而下降)”可知，根据苏格拉底的说法，写作的消极结果是人们更少依赖自己的记忆。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” (但令人担忧的是，生成式人工智能允许人们卸载思维过程。而且，一旦大脑养成了“卸载”的习惯，就很难改掉了。正如一位用户所说，“我太依赖人工智能了，如果没有它，我不知道如何解决某些问题。”)”可知，该用户的话表明AI可能会助长用户的思维惰性。故选C。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. (从长远来看，人工智能是否会让人类的大脑变弱，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。这项研究背后的研究人员强调，需要进一步的工作来确定人工智能使用量增加与大脑功能减弱之间的明确因果关系。毕竟，这项研究的样本量很小，而且只关注一个单一的任务)”和最后一段“The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AImakes people less intelligent, will they care? (这项技术是如此年轻，以至于在许多任务中，人类的大脑仍然是工具包中最锋利的工具。但随着时间的推移，人工智能的消费者和监管机构都将不得不评估其更广泛的好处是否超过任何认知成本。如果有更有力的证据表明人工智能会让人变得更不聪明，他们会在意吗?)”可知，文章主要介绍MIT 研究表明，使用AI写作文的学生在创造力和注意力相关脑区活动显著降低，虽无证据显示AI 改变大脑思考能力，但需权衡其利弊。因此A项“AI会使你变笨吗?”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。 C Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard patterns into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news. There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard patterns” of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions. Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community. Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite (精英) , so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily conflict of world views between reporters and their readers. This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. It never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class. 9. What is the passage mainly about? A. The objectives and findings of a journalism credibility project. B. The personnel structure of the declining newspaper industry. C. The causes of the public disappointment in newspapers. D. The indefinite needs of newspaper readers in America. 10. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be____________. A. somewhat conflicting B. rather trustworthy C. quite shallow D. very enlightening 11. According to the author, the fundamental problem of journalists lies in their__________. A. conventional lifestyle in upscale communities B. inflexible approach to handling news stories C. conflicting ways of making sense of the world D. shared values disconnected from general readers 12. Which one of the following statements is TRUE about the newspaper industry? A. It fails to satisfy its readers due to annoying reporters. B. It hasn’t realized the real problem despite its efforts. C. It’s urgent that it focus on accurate and skillful reporting. D. It should be aware of underlying prejudice in race and gender. 【答案】9. C 10. C 11. D 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章的主旨是讨论美国新闻界信誉下降的原因；同时文章建议新闻业应该拓展其多元化计划，不仅关注种族和性别，还应该寻找在观点、价值观、教育和阶级上广泛不同的记者，以更好地反映社会的多元性。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.( 为什么这么多美国人不相信他们在报纸上读到的东西？美国报纸编辑协会正试图回答这个令人痛苦的问题。该组织正在深入进行一项长期的自我分析，即新闻可信度项目。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了为什么许多美国人不相信他们在报纸上读到的东西，即公众对报纸的失望的原因。文章通过美国报业编辑协会的自我分析项目（新闻可信度项目）来探讨这个问题，并指出了记者与读者之间的社会和文化脱节是导致这种不信任的根本原因。因此，文章的主要内容是关于公众对报纸失望的原因。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.( 遗憾的是，这个项目的结果大多是关于事实错误、拼写和语法错误的低级发现，以及许多令人挠头的困惑，即读者到底想要什么。)”可知，这个项目的结果大多是关于事实错误、拼写和语法错误的低级发现，这表明新闻可信度项目的结果相当肤浅，没有深入到问题的核心。因此，选项C“quite shallow(相当肤浅)”符合题意。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中提到“Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite(精英) , so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite.( 记者往往是广义上的社会和文化精英的一部分，因此他们的工作往往反映了这一精英的传统价值观。)”可知，记者们往往属于一个广义上的社会和文化精英阶层，因此他们的工作往往反映了这个精英阶层的传统价值观。这表明作者认为记者的根本问题在于他们与普通读者在价值观上的脱节。因此，选项D“shared values disconnected from general readers(与普通读者脱节的共同价值观)”符合题意。故选D。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。在文章最后一段中“This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. It never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about.(这是一个对任何行业来说都是爆炸性的情况，尤其是对一个正在衰退的行业来说。这是一个麻烦重重的行业，它一直在雇佣那些态度极大地惹恼了客户的员工。它似乎从来没有注意到许多前顾客抱怨的文化和阶级偏见。)”可知，尽管美国报业行业在努力，但它还没有意识到真正的问题所在即似乎从来没有注意到许多前顾客抱怨的文化和阶级偏见。因此，B选项“It hasn’t realized the real problem despite its efforts.(尽管它付出了努力，但还没有意识到真正的问题)”符合题意。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为 多余选项。 How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. ___13___ Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example. ___14___ Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. ___15___ In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. ___16___ Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision. ___17___ Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours. A. But is this true? B. It is therefore an easy option. C. After all, there’s “safety in numbers”. D. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. E. This could have resulted in a snow-balling effect. F. Herd behaviours, while easy to explain, hold significant dangers. G. The number of diners is unlikely to indicate the quality of the meal. 【答案】13. A 14. E 15. D 16. C 17. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了跟随他人行为的问题，包括在选择餐馆时随意跟随人群的不良影响，并解释了“从众”行为的危险性。 【13题详解】 上文“How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service(如何挑选一个最适合休息的地方？如果你和大多数人一样，一个简单的线索可能会改变你的选择。你会寻找最繁忙、食客最多的餐厅，因为它的受欢迎程度必然会反映在食物和服务的质量上)”指出了人们在挑选餐馆时会跟随他人的行为，下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”指出，食客多、繁忙的餐厅晚餐也可能不好；A项“但这是真的吗？”承上启下，下文对此问题作出了回答，“this”指代上文陈述的内容。故选A。 【14题详解】 上文“Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example.(早起的食客对于选择哪家餐厅没有任何有意义的线索，他们可能会随机选择晚餐餐厅，例如选择名字最好听的餐厅或笑容最灿烂的服务员。随后的路人可能会误解他们的餐厅选择是明智的决定，并盲目地效仿他们的做法)”指出人们在选择餐厅时只是根据名字最好听或笑容最灿烂的服务员等来选择，这是没有任何意义的，这导致其他人误解他们的选择是明智的，进而盲目跟随，下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”指出这种盲目跟风行为导致一种不良结果，由此可知，空处应引起下文，指出这种行为会产生不良后果，E项“这可能会产生滚雪球效应。”符合语境，选项中“snow-balling effect”与下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant”相对应。故选E。 【15题详解】 上文“Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep.(自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”。这种行为在人类以及许多其他动物中经常发生，常见的例子就是绵羊。)”介绍了指出这种自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”，下文“In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. (我在之前的一篇文章中讨论了所谓的“群体智慧”，该观点认为，大群体的平均判断往往优于个人选择。此外，随大流似乎能提供保护和安慰。)”指出这种行为所蕴含的智慧，由此可知，这种行为似乎很有道理，D项“从众行为看上去很有道理。”符合语境。故选D。 【16题详解】 上文“Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort.(此外，随波逐流似乎能带来保护和安慰。)”指出从众似乎能带来保护和安慰，空处承接上文，对此作出解释，C项“毕竟，‘人多势众。”符合语境，“人多势众”这种心理使得人们感觉从众会带来保护和安慰，故选C。 【17题详解】 下文“Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours.(与所谓的“群体智慧”相反，从众行为通常依赖于所谓的“信息瀑布”，即人们接受他人的信念或模仿他们的选择，而不批判性地评估其背后的原因。这经常导致模仿不合理或愚蠢的行为)”指出了从众心理的危害性，F项“从众行为虽然很容易解释，但却具有重大危险”符合语境，引起下文，故选F。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分37.5分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选最佳选项，并在答 题纸上将该项涂黑。 Actor Anthony Anderson has realized a dream 30 years in the making. The 51-year-old ____18____ a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Howard University last week. “It was all a dream! Words fail to ____19____ the feeling I’m having right now,” Anderson wrote on a social media platform. “My proudest moment is a sense of ____20____-finishing what I started many years ago.” Anderson finished his junior year at Howard 30 years ago. ____21____ some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a ____22____ from school. He worked hard to make a ____23____. Later he started a family and his career ____24____. He played the starring roles in many films and became a ____25____.The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school. It was something he always felt ____26____ about-until his son, Nathan, gained ____27____ to Howard four years ago. That inspired his longing for university study, so he was ____28____ to go back and finish his degree. “This spring I was ____29____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University” Anderson said. He marked it as a ____30____ by calling it “a full-circle moment” and ____31____ his fans, “It’s never too late. Things happen when they’re supposed to happen!” Anderson, now a father of two, plans to ____32____ his education and go to graduate school for a master’s degree. 18. A. took B. received C. deserved D. held 19. A. cause B. give C. describe D. hide 20. A. completion B. identity C. purpose D. belonging 21. A. In terms of B. With regard to C. On account of D. By comparison with 22. A. reward B. favor C. job D. break 23. A. fortune B. promotion C. living D. reputation 24. A. took off B. started over C. slowed down D. pulled up 25. A. director B. leader C. singer D. hit 26. A. confused B. upset C. anxious D. regretful 27. A. assistance B. admission C. invitation D. permission 28. A. willing B. cautious C. determined D. satisfied 29. A. gradually B. eventually C. obviously D. temporarily 30. A. milestone B. award C. dreamland D. wonder 31. A. warned B. begged C. commanded D. reminded 32 A. record B. acquire C. further D. finish 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了演员安东尼·安德森30年前因经济困难休学。四年前他的儿子被他曾经就读的大学录取，安德森受到触动后重返校园，在51岁时完成了学业。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位51岁的年轻人上周拿到了霍华德大学的美术学士学位。A.took携带；B.received拿到；C.deserved应得；D.held持有。根据下文“This spring I was 12 able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,”可知，此处表示安德森“拿到”了霍华德大学的美术学士学位。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：言语无法描述我现在感觉。A.cause导致；B.give给；C.describe描述；D.hide隐藏。根据上文“It was all a dream! Words fail to”以及语境可知，安德森非常激动，言语无法“描绘”现在的感受。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最自豪的时刻是一种完成感是完成多年前开始的工作。A.completion完成；B.identity身份；C.purpose目的；D.belonging归属感。根据下文“finshing what I started many years ago”可知，此处表示一种“完成”感。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于经济困难，他不得不要求休学。A.In terms of就…而言；B.With regard to关于；C. On account of由于；D.By comparison with与…相比较。根据下文“some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a ____ from school.”可知，此处表示“由于”经济困难，安德森不得不休学。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于经济困难，他不得不要求休学。A.reward奖励；B.favor帮助；C.job工作；D. break中断，暂停。根据上文“ ____ some financial difficulties”以及下文“The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school.”可知，由于经济困难，安德森不得不休学，“中断”学习。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他努力工作以维持生计。A.fortune财富；B.promotion晋升；C.living生计，谋生；D. reputation名誉。根据上文“He worked hard”可知，他努力工作，是为了维持“生计”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，他组建了家庭，事业腾飞。A.took off腾飞；B.started over重新开始；C. slowed down减速；D.pulled up停止。根据下文“He played the starring roles in many films ”可推知，安德森取得了成功，他的事业“腾飞”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在许多电影中扮演主角，很受欢迎。A.director经理；B.leader领导者；C. singer歌手；D.hit很受欢迎的人或事物。根据上文“He played the starring roles in many films”可知，安德森很受欢迎，hit表示“很受欢迎的人或事物”，符合题意。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是他一直感到遗憾的事情，直到四年前他的儿子内森被霍华德大学录取。A.confused困惑的；B.upset心烦意乱的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.regretful遗憾的。根据上文“ ____ some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a ____ from school.”以及“The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school.”可知，安德森不得不休学，之后一直没能重返校园，这是他一直感到“遗憾的”事情。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是他一直感到遗憾的事情，直到四年前他的儿子内森被霍华德大学录取。A.assistance协助；B.admission允许进入，录取；C.invitation邀请；D.permission准许，许可。根据下文“That inspired his longing for university study, so he was 11 to go back and finish his degree”可知，此处表示安德森的儿子内森被霍华德大学“录取”。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这激发了他对大学学习的渴望，所以他决心回去完成他的学位。A.willing愿意的；B. cautious谨慎的；C.determined有决心的；D.satisfied满意的。根据下文“to go back and finish his degree”以及“This spring I was ____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,”可知，此处表示安德森“决心”回去完成自己的学位。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：安德森说:“今年春天，我终于完成了从霍华德大学毕业的工作。”。A.gradually逐渐地；B.eventually最终；C.obviously明显地；D.temporarily暂时地。根据下文“able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University”以及语境可知，安德森“终于”完成学业，从霍华德大学毕业了。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他称这是一个里程碑，称之为“一个完整的循环时刻”，并提醒他的粉丝，“永远不会太晚。事情会在应该发生的时候发生!”A.milestone里程碑；B.award奖品；C.dreamland梦境；D.wonder奇迹。根据上文“This spring I was ____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University”以及下文“by calling it‘a full-circle moment’”可知，此处表示安德森将完成学业当作一个“里程碑”。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他称这是一个里程碑，称之为“一个完整的循环时刻”，并提醒他的粉丝，“永远不会太晚。事情会在应该发生的时候发生!”A.warned警告；B.begged乞求；C.commanded命令；D.reminded提醒。根据下文“‘It’s never too late.Things happen when they’re supposed to happen!’”可知，安德森在“提醒”自己的粉丝。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德森现在是两个孩子的父亲，他计划继续深造，去研究生院攻读硕士学位。A.record记录；B.acquire获得；C.further增进；D.finish完成。根据下文“his education and go to graduate school for a master’s degree.”可知，安德森要去研究生院攻读硕士学位，“增进（深造）”自己的教育。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空(共10个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Teachers’ Day is the very festival ____33____ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. It bears much ____34____ (similar) to the birthday of Confucius or the birthday of private school tutor in ancient China. The history of Chinese Teachers’ Day dates back to the Han Dynasty. During the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, ____35____ (follow) by court officials, the emperor would go to Confucius’ temple to show respect for the ancient philosopher, ____36____ would also invite royal teachers to the imperial (皇家的) court for a banquet. Local ____37____ (chief) followed the court, and on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day’s vacation and were given dried meat as gifts. With local officials or the emperor ____38____ (lead) a series of activities, the capital, all states and counties would also stage sacrificial (祭祀的) ceremonies ____39____ (admire) Confucius. Excellent-performing teachers would ____40____ (choose) from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang silver coins as awards. Until the Qing Dynasty, the sacrificial ceremony, on August 27, was of ____41____ larger scale. The teachers’ salaries in schools and academies. around the nation were raised and well-performing teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to ____42____ (high) positions. 【答案】33. that 34. similarity 35. followed 36. and 37. chiefs 38. leading 39. to admire 40. be chosen 41. a 42. higher 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国教师节的由来以及历代庆祝方式。 【33题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国教师节是一个庆祝2300年来中国尊师重教传统的节日。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为festival，为物，且由very修饰，在从句中作主语，所以这里只能用关系代词that。故填that。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：它与中国古代孔子的生日或私塾导师的生日非常相似。分析句子可知，much后面应填不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填similarity。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：在汉晋时期，每年的八月二十七日是孔子的生日，皇帝会在朝廷官员的陪同下前往孔庙，表示对这位古代哲学家的尊敬，还会邀请皇家教师到朝廷参加宴会。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，the emperor和follow为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应填过去分词作状语。故填followed。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：在汉晋时期，每年的八月二十七日是孔子的生日，皇帝会在朝廷官员的陪同下前往孔庙，表示对这位古代哲学家的尊敬，还会邀请皇家教师到朝廷参加宴会。分析句子可知，would go to Confucius’ temple to show respect for the ancient philosopher和would also invite royal teachers to the imperial (皇家的) court for a banquet是两个并列动作，所以这里应用并列连词and。故填and。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：当地首领跟随王室成员，在这一天，全国各地的教师都享受一天的假期，并得到了肉干作为礼物。分析句子和语境可知，此空应用可数名词复数形式作主语，表示不止一个首领。故填chiefs。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：随着地方官员或皇帝领导一系列活动，首都、各州县也会举行祭孔仪式。分析句子可知，这里考查with的复合结构，local officials or the emperor与lead为主动关系，所以此空应填现在分词形式。故填leading。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：随着地方官员或皇帝领导一系列活动，首都、各州县也会举行祭孔仪式。分析句子可知，此空应用不定式作目的状语。故填to admire。 【40题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：从全国各地的书院和学术机构中选拔表现优秀的教师，向朝廷报告，并给予500两银币作为奖励。分析句子可知，此空考查谓语动词， Excellent-performing teachers 与choose为被动关系，所以此空应填be chosen与空前would构成过去将来时的被动语态。故填be chosen。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：直到清朝，8月27日的祭祀仪式规模更大。分析句子可知，此空应填冠词，a larger scale表“一个更大的规模”，所以这里应填不定冠词表泛指。 故填a。 【42题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：全国各地学校和学院的教师的工资都提高了，表现好的教师会被授予官衔或被提升到更高的职位。由上文“be awarded official titles”可知，他们将被给与“更高”的职位。故填higher。 第三节：单词拼写/单句语法填空(共15个小题;每小题0. 5分，满分7. 5分) 43. Her assistant was a_________ of theft and fraud by the police. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】accused##ccused 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意：她的助手被警方指控犯有偷窃和欺诈罪。根据单词首字母以及句意“控告”以及上文was可知此处要用动词的过去分词，一起构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填accused。 44. Recent years have w________ a sharp fall in housing price. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】witnessed##itnessed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：近年来，房价大幅下跌。根据首字母以及句意可知，此处使用动词witness，意为“是发生……的时间（地点等），见证”，在句中指“某段时间内发生某事”；witness在句中作谓语，Recent years作主语，强调“从过去持续到现在的时间段内发生的情况”，此句用现在完成时，主语与witness之间是主动关系，前有助动词have，填过去分词witnessed。故填witnessed。 45. Our new offices are still under c________, so we need to live with the noise for quite a while. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】construction##onstruction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的新办公室仍在建设中，所以我们需要忍受一段时间的噪音。根据“so we need to live with the noise for quite a while”可推知，新办公室仍在建设中，结合提示的首字母，此处用名词construction，意为“建造，建筑”作介词宾语，构成短语under construction，意为“在建设中”。故填construction。 46. The band r________ their new album last month generating excitement among fans. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】released##eleased 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：该乐队上个月发行了新专辑，令歌迷们兴奋不已。根据句意及首字母可知，此处使用动词release，作谓语，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填released。 47. She almost c________ to death in the thick smoke. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】choked##hoked 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：她在浓烟中几乎窒息而死。根据“in the thick smoke”和首字母提示可推知，句中表示“窒息”，用动词choke作谓语，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时态。故填choked。 48. To the surprise of the little boy, the door opened ________ (自动地) as he approached. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】automatically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：令小男孩吃惊的是，当他走近时，门自动打开了。根据汉语提示可知是副词automatically，修饰动词opened作状语。故填automatically。 49. The administration ordered a thorough ________(调查) into the affair. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】investigation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府下令对该事件进行彻底调查。根据空前“a thorough”可知，此空填单数名词作动词ordered的宾语，结合汉语提示，名词investigation“调查”符合句意。不定冠词a表明用名词单数形式，故填investigation。 50. We are faced with two apparently ________ (contradict) statements. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】contradictory 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们面临着两种明显相互矛盾的陈述。修饰其后名词要用形容词。contradictory“不一致的；矛盾的”为形容词。故填contradictory。 51. The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it out of c__________ . 【答案】curiosity##uriosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这封信不是写给我的，但我出于好奇打开了它。 根据首字母提示和The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it可知，这里表示出于好奇打开了这封信，应用curiosity，意为“好奇心”，为不可数名词，作宾语。out of curiosity意为“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。 52. They questioned the _________ (accurate) of the information in the file.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】accuracy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们对档案中资料的准确性表示怀疑。此处是of所有格，应使用名词形式。故填accuracy。 53. The flood came _______ as a result of the heavy rain. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】about 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：大雨导致洪水泛滥。固定短语come about表示“导致”。故填about。 54. Internet cafs sprang ________ in every corner of the city in the 1990s. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：20世纪90年代，网吧在城市的每个角落涌现。“spring up”是固定短语，意为“涌现，突然出现”，副词up修饰动词sprang，作状语，意为“出现”。故填up。 55. I was about to give up ________ an idea popped into my mind. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正要放弃，这时一个想法突然出现在我的脑海里。“be about to do sth. when...”是固定句型，意为“正要做某事，这时……”，其中when是并列连词。故填when。 56. This is the first time that he ________ (participate) in the competition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has participated 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：这是他第一次参加比赛。“It/This+is/was+the first/second/...time+that+sb. has/had done sth.”为固定句型，表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，该句型主句中be动词是is时，从句中谓语动词用has/have done，be动词是was时，从句中谓语动词用had done；本句中是“This is the first time that...”，所以从句中应使用has participated。故填has participated。 57. By the end of last year, 2,000 cars ________ (produce) by the company. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been produced 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到去年年底，这家公司已经生产了2000辆汽车。时间状语“By the end of last year”表示“到去年年底”，是过去完成时的标志，谓语动词produce(生产)与主语cars之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been produced。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 58. 假设你是李华，你的外国笔友Jim给你来信，向你诉说他的一个苦恼：网络媒体上充斥着大量的虚假或与事实不相符信息，不知该如何辨别。根据以下提示，给他写一封回信。 (1)分析原因; (2)提出建议。 注意： (1)词数80左右; (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数; _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Jim, I’m sorry to learn that you’re troubled by the large amount of false or inaccurate information on online media. Without doubt, the rapid development of social media brings us a variety of news, enabling us to communicate freely. But some false news or information also gets the chance to spread widely. As for it, I’d like to give you some advice. First, it is wise to read news reports from various perspectives and identify the content of the news reasonably. Moreover, we need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. With great discrimination, everyone has the potential to be a critical news reader. (hope what I say) may help you a little. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国笔友Jim写一封回信，就他辨别网络虚假信息的苦恼分析原因并给出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 毫无疑问地：without doubt→ beyond all doubt 此外：moreover → what’s more 各种各样的：a variety of → various 建议：advice → suggestion 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Without doubt, the rapid development of social media brings us a variety of news, enabling us to communicate freely. 拓展句：Without doubt, the rapid development of social media brings us a variety of news, which enables us to communicate freely. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to learn that you’re troubled by the large amount of false or inaccurate information on online media. （运用了that连接的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Moreover, we need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. （运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句和what连接的宾语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 59. 阅读下面的材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day Albert found a baby bird lying on the ground, squawking (叫喊) for help. Feeling sad for the bird, Albert petted it gently and wanted to help it, but he didn’t know how since he was just 7 years old. So he took the bird in his hands, carried it carefully home and showed it to his parents. At once, his parents took action. They washed the bird and found it injured. With the help of his parents, Albert dressed the wound. But it would need time and care for the bird to completely recover. As the bird had become dear to his heart, Albert immediately offered to care for the bird. Albert named his new friend “Lucky”. He began to feed the bird and he even ran out to collect grass to build a soft nest for the bird. Then, he put the nest beside his bed. Albert and the bird were sleeping together and living together. Soon they became close friends. Albert always told it about his experiences in school and his secrets. Lucky, an extremely patient audience, usually responded to him with a few nods and chirps (叽叽喳喳声). Albert’s parents also loved Lucky. They regarded it as a family member. In the course of time, Lucky gradually recovered and started to hop (脚跳) and jump a little bit and exercise its wings. That made everyone happier. Soon it would be able to fly. How wonderful! But what then? Albert became thoughtful and started to think. “If Lucky started to fly, it could simply fly away one day.” But that would not happen. Albert loved his friend so much that he couldn’t imagine parting with it. He wondered, “I should surely stay with Lucky forever. But how? Keep the windows closed all the time? That was not practical.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, he bought a small cage and kept Lucky in it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Knowing the bad situation, Albert’s parents decided to help Lucky and their son. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Then, he bought a small cage and kept Lucky in it. In the beginning, Lucky seemed fine inside it. He believed he had made the right choice to keep Lucky close and secure. However, as time passed, things took a turn for the worse. After a fully recovery, Lucky wanted to spread its wings and fly in the sky. When all its attempts failed, what Lucky could do was sitting inside the little cage and squawking sadly. Several days later, Lucky refused to eat and drink. Worried and confused, he didn’t know what to do about it. Knowing the bad situation, Albert’s parents decided to help Lucky and their son. They told their son, “If you really love Lucky, you should think of how to make it happy.” After careful consideration, Albert opened both his heart and the cage. Lucky was released and flew away. Two weeks later, a wonderful thing happened: Lucky returned, flying around Albert and chirped happily, seeming to say thanks to him. This had happened from time to time since then. Instead of losing a forced friend, Albert had made a permanent one. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了一个小男孩偶遇受伤的小鸟并把它带回家悉心照顾，在小鸟痊愈之后，小男孩不想失去他的这位好朋友，便把小鸟关在了笼子里，失去了自由的小鸟变越来越伤心，最终在父母的开导下，小男孩给予了小鸟自由。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后，他买了一个小笼子，把Lucky关在里面。”可知，第一段可描小鸟在笼子里的状况和小男孩的不知所措。 ②由第二段首句内容“知道了这个糟糕的情况，男孩的父母决定帮助Lucky和他们的儿子”可知，第二段可描写在父母的开导下，男孩给予小鸟自由，小鸟时常飞回来，他们成了永久的朋友。 2.续写线索：做出决定——把小鸟关进笼子——小鸟伤心——小男孩不知所措——父母决定帮忙——给予小鸟自由——小鸟回来，小男孩高兴 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①展翅：spread its wings / stretch its wings / extend its wings ②.拒绝：refuse / reject ③.返回：return / go back / get back 情绪类 ①.伤心地：sadly / sorrowfully ②.感谢：thanks / appreciation / gratitude 【点睛】[高分句型1]. When all its attempts failed, what Lucky could do was sitting inside the little cage and squawking sadly.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句及what引导的主语从句） [高分句型2]. If you really love Lucky, you should think of how to make it happy.（运用了If引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省兴化中学2025-2026学年秋学期高二年级阶段性测试(一) 学科：英语 第一部分：听力(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What has the woman finished doing? A. Choosing her major. B. Working on the computer. C. sending her application form. 2. What will the man buy? A. A bag. B. A laptop. C. A car. 3. When will the man check out? A. On the 16th. B. On the 17th. C. On the 18th. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Going on vacation. B. Dealing with sensitivities. C. Taking care of the pet. 5. What will the man probably do for the woman? A. Clean the table. B. Help with her report. C. Help the shopping. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What did Barbara begin to do two months ago? A. Do the gardening. B. Tidy the bedrooms. C. Decorate the living room, 7. Who might Brian be? A. Barbara’s neighbor. B. Barbara’s husband. C. Barbara’s gardener. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When does the conversation take place? A. Before ordering. B. During a meal. C. After a meal. 9. What do we know about the restaurant? A. It has a nice environment. B. It has a new address. C. It has a good name. 10. What do the speakers decide to do? A. Report service issues. B. Complain about the manager. C. Move to a less crowded place. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the woman curious about? A. What life coaches do. B. Why Mel does the qualification. C. Whether Mel is good at fixing problems. 12. What does the woman hate doing? A. Talking about her family situation. B. Analyzing personal problems. C. Completing the housework. 13. How can the woman solve her problem according to the man? A. By seeking cooperation. B. By changing her attitude. C. By starting a new routine. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14 What inspired Trent to start climbing? A. A picture of mountains. B. A television documentary. C. A biography of a climber. 15. What was Trent’s feeling during his first big climbing? A. Nervousness. B. Confidence. C. Amazement. 16. Why did Trent decide to climb the seven peaks? A. To overcome his fear. B. To realize his long-held dream. C. To raise money for his grandpa. 17 What made Trent special among the climbers to the seven peaks? A. He was accompanied by his grandpa. B. He climbed snow-covered mountains. C He was younger than any other climber. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did Bohlin do in his first job? A. He taught at a college. B. He designed aircraft. C. He produced cars. 19. When did the first modern car seat belt appear? A. In 1942. B. In 1958. C. In 1959. 20. Which country was the first to introduce car seat belt laws? A. Japan. B. Australia. C. France. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节(共12个小题;每小题2.5分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选涂黑。 A My affair with sugar began innocently enough in my childhood, when I indulged (沉迷) in sweet treats as rewards for good behavior by overworked but loving parents, or as a means to celebrate special occasions. As I grew older, my craving (渴望) intensified, leading me to seek the sweet comfort of chocolate, Coke, and Cheese Cheetos. These sugary delights became my escape from the stress and worries in my life. It wasn’t until my reflection in the mirror no longer matched the lively, intelligent person I felt inside that I realized the severity of my situation. Clothes that once fit me perfectly are now uncomfortably light, and climbing a flght of stairs leaves me breathless. Not to mention that, in the past two to three years, my weight gain has influenced my self-esteem, confidence, and overall well-being. In my search for a healthier lifestyle, I decided to turn to zero-calorie drinks, believing they would be a healthier alternative to my beloved sugary drinks. However, my research led me to an alarming discovery of the dangers of aspartame, a commonly used artificial sweetener found in many zero-calorie drinks. Despite its lack of calories, aspartame has been linked to many health concerns including headaches, dizziness, and even more severe conditions. More studies are needed to learn about artificial sweeteners’ long-term effects on our health. Still, knowing this put me off zero-calorie drinks for a while! With newfound knowledge and determination, I began my journey, to break free from sugar addiction. The journey was challenging, with persistent cravings and constant temptations (诱惑). However, armed with healthier snack alternatives, such as fruit and nuts, and the support of loved ones, I gradually weaned myself off the sugar roller coaster. I am rediscovering some of the joys of a more balanced lifestyle. Regular exercise became my companion, boosting my energy levels and reducing stress. 1. What initially attracted the author to sugar? A. Sugary delights. B. Childhood rewards. C. Stressful situations. D. Personal achievements. 2. What can be learned about zero-calorie drinks? A. They are free of artificial sweeteners. B. They can contribute to weight loss. C. They are highly favored by the market. D. They pose a potential threat to health. 3. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph? A. Stopped consuming sugar. B. Switched to sugar replacements. C. Monitored my sugar levels. D. Learned the tricks of sugar control. 4. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Self-aware and reflective. B. Inquiring but careless. C. Determined but impatient. D. Self-disciplined and ambitious. B Anyone who has taken a standardized test knows that writing an essay in 20 minutes or less takes serious brain power. Having access to artificial intelligence (AI) would certainly lighten the mental load. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggests, that help may come at a cost. Over the course of a series of essay-writing sessions, students working with as well as without an AI chatbot had their brain activity measured. Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention. Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. Moreover, generative-AI tools clearly seek to lighten people’s mental loads, as many other technologies do. Concerns about this kind of offloading aren’t new. As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion(神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. There is little evidence to suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity for thinking. But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 5. What does paragraph 3 emphasize about the MIT study? A. The procedures it followed. B. The limitations in its design. C The conclusion it has drawn. D. The diversity among its participants. 6. According to Socrates, what negative consequence could writing have? A. People would avoid using reminders. B. People would stop thinking independently. C. People would rely less on their own memory. D. People would care less about the spoken word. 7. What point does the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate? A. AI can change users’ mental capacity. B. AI is not widely available to the public. C. AI can encourage users’ mental laziness. D. AI is not capable of solving every problem. 8. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Make You Stupid? B. How AI Lets You Offload Tasks C. Why AI Affects Your Thinking Abilities D. Is AI a Mental Shortcut You Can Easily Quit? C Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard patterns into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news. There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard patterns” of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions. Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community. Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite (精英) , so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily conflict of world views between reporters and their readers. This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. It never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class. 9. What is the passage mainly about? A The objectives and findings of a journalism credibility project. B. The personnel structure of the declining newspaper industry. C. The causes of the public disappointment in newspapers. D. The indefinite needs of newspaper readers in America. 10. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be____________. A. somewhat conflicting B. rather trustworthy C. quite shallow D. very enlightening 11. According to the author, the fundamental problem of journalists lies in their__________. A. conventional lifestyle in upscale communities B. inflexible approach to handling news stories C. conflicting ways of making sense of the world D. shared values disconnected from general readers 12. Which one of the following statements is TRUE about the newspaper industry? A. It fails to satisfy its readers due to annoying reporters. B. It hasn’t realized the real problem despite its efforts. C. It’s urgent that it focus on accurate and skillful reporting. D. It should be aware of underlying prejudice in race and gender. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为 多余选项。 How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. ___13___ Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example. ___14___ Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. ___15___ In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. ___16___ Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision. ___17___ Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours. A. But is this true? B. It is therefore an easy option. C. After all, there’s “safety in numbers”. D. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. E. This could have resulted in a snow-balling effect. F. Herd behaviours, while easy to explain, hold significant dangers. G. The number of diners is unlikely to indicate the quality of the meal. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分37.5分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选最佳选项，并在答 题纸上将该项涂黑。 Actor Anthony Anderson has realized a dream 30 years in the making. The 51-year-old ____18____ a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Howard University last week. “It was all a dream! Words fail to ____19____ the feeling I’m having right now,” Anderson wrote on a social media platform. “My proudest moment is a sense of ____20____-finishing what I started many years ago.” Anderson finished his junior year at Howard 30 years ago. ____21____ some financial difficulties, he had to ask for a ____22____ from school. He worked hard to make a ____23____. Later he started a family and his career ____24____. He played the starring roles in many films and became a ____25____.The following years he was occupied in his work and didn’t return to school. It was something he always felt ____26____ about-until his son, Nathan, gained ____27____ to Howard four years ago. That inspired his longing for university study, so he was ____28____ to go back and finish his degree. “This spring I was ____29____ able to finish the work to graduate from Howard University,” Anderson said. He marked it as a ____30____ by calling it “a full-circle moment” and ____31____ his fans, “It’s never too late. Things happen when they’re supposed to happen!” Anderson, now a father of two, plans to ____32____ his education and go to graduate school for a master’s degree. 18. A. took B. received C. deserved D. held 19. A. cause B. give C. describe D. hide 20. A. completion B. identity C. purpose D. belonging 21. A. In terms of B. With regard to C. On account of D. By comparison with 22. A. reward B. favor C. job D. break 23. A. fortune B. promotion C. living D. reputation 24. A. took off B. started over C. slowed down D. pulled up 25. A. director B. leader C. singer D. hit 26. A. confused B. upset C. anxious D. regretful 27. A. assistance B. admission C. invitation D. permission 28. A. willing B. cautious C. determined D. satisfied 29. A. gradually B. eventually C. obviously D. temporarily 30. A. milestone B. award C. dreamland D. wonder 31. A. warned B. begged C. commanded D. reminded 32. A. record B. acquire C. further D. finish 第二节 语法填空(共10个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Teachers’ Day is the very festival ____33____ celebrates the 2,300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. It bears much ____34____ (similar) to the birthday of Confucius or the birthday of private school tutor in ancient China. The history of Chinese Teachers’ Day dates back to the Han Dynasty. During the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, ____35____ (follow) by court officials, the emperor would go to Confucius’ temple to show respect for the ancient philosopher, ____36____ would also invite royal teachers to the imperial (皇家的) court for a banquet. Local ____37____ (chief) followed the court, and on this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day’s vacation and were given dried meat as gifts. With local officials or the emperor ____38____ (lead) a series of activities, the capital, all states and counties would also stage sacrificial (祭祀的) ceremonies ____39____ (admire) Confucius. Excellent-performing teachers would ____40____ (choose) from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang silver coins as awards. Until the Qing Dynasty, the sacrificial ceremony, on August 27, was of ____41____ larger scale. The teachers’ salaries in schools and academies. around the nation were raised and well-performing teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to ____42____ (high) positions. 第三节：单词拼写/单句语法填空(共15个小题;每小题0. 5分，满分7. 5分) 43. Her assistant was a_________ of theft and fraud by the police. (根据首字母单词拼写) 44. Recent years have w________ a sharp fall in housing price. (根据首字母单词拼写) 45. Our new offices are still under c________, so we need to live with the noise for quite a while. (根据首字母单词拼写) 46. The band r________ their new album last month, generating excitement among fans. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. She almost c________ to death in the thick smoke. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. To the surprise of the little boy, the door opened ________ (自动地) as he approached. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. The administration ordered a thorough ________(调查) into the affair. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. We are faced with two apparently ________ (contradict) statements. （所给词的适当形式填空） 51. The letter wasn’t addressed to me but I opened it out of c__________ . 52. They questioned the _________ (accurate) of the information in the file.（所给词的适当形式填空） 53. The flood came _______ as a result of the heavy rain. （用适当的词填空） 54. Internet cafs sprang ________ in every corner of the city in the 1990s. (用适当的词填空) 55. I was about to give up ________ an idea popped into my mind. (用适当的词填空) 56. This is the first time that he ________ (participate) in the competition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. By the end of last year, 2,000 cars ________ (produce) by the company. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 58. 假设你是李华，你的外国笔友Jim给你来信，向你诉说他的一个苦恼：网络媒体上充斥着大量的虚假或与事实不相符信息，不知该如何辨别。根据以下提示，给他写一封回信。 (1)分析原因; (2)提出建议。 注意： (1)词数80左右; (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数; _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 59. 阅读下面的材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day Albert found a baby bird lying on the ground, squawking (叫喊) for help. Feeling sad for the bird, Albert petted it gently and wanted to help it, but he didn’t know how since he was just 7 years old. So he took the bird in his hands, carried it carefully home and showed it to his parents. At once, his parents took action. They washed the bird and found it injured. With the help of his parents, Albert dressed the wound. But it would need time and care for the bird to completely recover. As the bird had become dear to his heart, Albert immediately offered to care for the bird. Albert named his new friend “Lucky”. He began to feed the bird and he even ran out to collect grass to build a soft nest for the bird. Then, he put the nest beside his bed. Albert and the bird were sleeping together and living together. Soon they became close friends. Albert always told it about his experiences in school and his secrets. Lucky, an extremely patient audience, usually responded to him with a few nods and chirps (叽叽喳喳声). Albert’s parents also loved Lucky. They regarded it as a family member. In the course of time, Lucky gradually recovered and started to hop (脚跳) and jump a little bit and exercise its wings. That made everyone happier. Soon it would be able to fly. How wonderful! But what then? Albert became thoughtful and started to think. “If Lucky started to fly, it could simply fly away one day.” But that would not happen. Albert loved his friend so much that he couldn’t imagine parting with it. He wondered, “I should surely stay with Lucky forever. But how? Keep the windows closed all the time? That was not practical.” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, he bought a small cage and kept Lucky in it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Knowing the bad situation, Albert’s parents decided to help Lucky and their son. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $