内容正文:
Preparing
Lesson 3 Pronunciation
Unit 2 The World of Art
Sonorization, Incomplete plosion& Liaison
Lesson Objectives:
In this lesson, we will be able to:
1. Identify and pronounce sonorization and incomplete plosion
in words, and grasp their basic rules.
2. Use sonorization and incomplete plosion rules in speaking,
including correct word pronunciation and smooth sentence delivery.
3. Discuss daily topics with proper pronunciation, enhance
communication confidence.
Activity 1
Listen and read the words aloud. Pay attention to the
pronunciation of the blue letters.
blue bread clear crazy flag snow
free glad great plane press spider
quiet slow small snake spoon spring
star swim street throw smile sport
Sonorization, Incomplete plosion & Liaison
Summary
Consonant Clusters (辅音连缀) & Sonorization (浊化)
规则:
两个或两个以上的辅音紧密地组合在一起,连续发出。发音的关键在于从一个辅音快速、平滑地过渡到下一个辅音,中间不能加入元音(特别是 /ə/)。如:
/bl/: blue, blow
/br/: bread, break
/kl/: clear, clever
/kr/: crazy, cry
/fl/: flag, fly
/fr/: free, frog
/ɡl/: glad, glue
/ɡr/: great, green
/pl/: plane, play
/pr/: press, price
Summary
Consonant Clusters (辅音连缀) & Sonorization (浊化)
/sp/: (也属于Sonorization) spider, spoon, sport
/sl/: slow, sleep
/sm/: small, smile
/sn/: snake, snow
/st/: (也属于Sonorization) star, student
/sw/: swim
/str/: (也属于Sonorization) street, strong
/θr/: throw, through
/spr/: spring (这是三个辅音的连缀) (也属于Sonorization)
Summary
Consonant Clusters (辅音连缀) & Sonorization (浊化)
重要提示: 许多以 s 开头的单词(如 smile, snake, swim)同时符合这两个规则。它们既是辅音连缀 (/sm/, /sn/, /sw/),也因为 /s/ 是清辅音,其后的浊辅音 (/m/, /n/, /w/) 发音时声带振动非常明显,增强了声音的响度,这也符合“Sonorization”强调“响亮、流畅”的核心概念。
发音规则
(Pronunciation Rule) 描述 (Description) Examples from the Table
Sonorization (浊化) /s/ 后接清辅音 (/p/, /t/, /k/) 时,清辅音发生
浊化。 s*p*ider, s*t*ar, s*p*oon
Consonant Clusters
(辅音连缀) 两个或以上辅音紧密
结合,快速连续发音,
中间不加元音。 *bl*ue, *br*ead, *cl*ear,
*fl*ag, *gr*eat, *spr*ing
Summary
清辅音浊化的核心规则
Sonorization
在重读音节中,当清辅音/p/、/t/、/k/位于/s/之后且后接元音时,会分别浊化为对应的浊辅音/b/、/d/、/ɡ/。
清辅音浊化的具体条件:
1. 结构条件:需满足"/s/+清辅音+元音"的组合,且
清辅音通常为/p/、/t/、/k/、/tr/或/tʃ/。
(分别浊化为:/b/、/d/、/ɡ/、/dr/、/dʒ/)
2. 音节条件:
必须位于同一重读音节或次重读音节内。
若在单词开头,无论是否重读均可能浊化(如"star"中
的/t/→/d/)。
3. 语音环境:清辅音后需紧跟元音(如"spy"中的/p/后接/aɪ/)。
"分类游戏"(辅音连缀&浊化练习)
🌟分类游戏🌟(能在单词自动分类前做出正确分类,加一分)
单词快速闪现
·若单词属于辅音连缀现象(如 /bl/, /cl/), 学生喊"辅音连缀";
·若单词属于浊化现象(如 spider), 学生喊"浊化"。
辅音连缀
浊化
sport
strong
flag
press
small
star
great
spring
Activity 2
Listen and read the words and phrases. Pay attention to the incomplete plosions.
pi(c)ture su(c)cess su(b)ject mi(d)night
a bi(g) zoo stan(d) for a goo(d) view ge(t) through
goo(d) luck ma(ke) sure hel(p) me a swee(t) dream
/k/ + /tʃ/
/k/ + /s/
/b/ + /dʒ/
/d/ + /n/
/ɡ/ + /z/
/d/ + /f/
/d/ + /v/
/t/ + /θ/
/d/ + /l/
/k/ + /ʃ/
/p/ + /m/
/t/ + /dr/
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
概念: 不完全爆破是指在某些情况下, 爆破音(/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /ɡ/)
不完全发出,仅做口型并稍作停顿,然后过渡到下一个音。
主要规则如下:
1. 爆破音 + 爆破音(Plosive + Plosive)
规则:当两个爆破音(/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /ɡ/)相邻时,第一个
爆破音失去爆破,仅做口型并短暂停顿,快速过渡到
第二个爆破音。如:
wan(t) to /wɒnt tə/ → /wɒn(t) tə/(/t/不完全爆破)
an(d) black /ænd blæk/ → /æn(d) blæk/(/____/不完全爆破)
a pain(t) brush /ə peɪnt brʌʃ/ → /ə peɪn(t) brʌʃ/(/____/不完全爆破)
d
t
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
主要规则如下:
2. 爆破音 + 摩擦音/破擦音(Plosive + Fricative/Affricate)
规则:爆破音后接摩擦音(如/f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/)或
破擦音(如/tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/)时,第一个爆破音不完全
爆破,气流受阻后直接发下一个音。如:
su(c)cess /sək'ses/ → /sə(k)'ses/(/k/不完全爆破)
ɡe(t) through /ɡet θru/ → /ɡe(t) θru/(/_____/不完全爆破)
pi(c)ture /'pɪktʃə(r)/ → /'pɪ(k)tʃə(r)/(/_____/不完全爆破)
su(b)ject /'sʌbdʒɪkt/ → /'sʌ(b)dʒɪkt/(/_____/不完全爆破)
t
k
b
Summary
不完全爆破的发音规则总结
Incomplete plosion
主要规则如下:
3. 爆破音 + 鼻音/舌侧音(Plosive + Nasal/Lateral)
规则:爆破音后接鼻音(/m/ /n/ /ŋ/)或舌侧音(/l/)时,
爆破音通过鼻腔或舌侧释放,口腔爆破被抑制。如:
mi(d)night /'mɪdnaɪt/ → /'mɪ(d)naɪt/(/d/不完全爆破)
hel(p) me /help mi/ → /hel(p) miː/(/_____/不完全爆破)
goo(d) luck /ɡʊd lʌk/ → /ɡʊ(d) lʌk/(/_____/不完全爆破)
p
d
Practice
Read the words and phrases. Mark the incomplete plosions with ( ).
badminton、whiteboard、kitchen、shopkeeper、postcard
ba(d)minton、whi(te)board、ki(t)chen、sho(p)keeper、pos(t)card
good night, red pen, take care, next day
goo(d) night, re(d) pen, ta(ke) care, nex(t) day
Activity 3
Listen and chant. Pay attention to the incomplete plosions.
Today I wan(t) to do some art,
with a pain(t) brush, paper an(d) black ink.
I wonder wha(t) to do to start.
I nee(d) to ta(ke) some time to think.
While you sing, dance, and do your part,
I’ll pain(t) pictures in blue and pink.
/t/ + /t/
/t/ + /b/
/d/ + /b/
/t/ + /t/
/d/ + /t/
/k/ + /s/
/t/ + /p/
Activity 4
Listen and mark the incomplete plosions with brackets, and the read the sentences with correct incomplete plosions and liaisons .
1. A: What's your favorite art form?
B: My favorite is pop music.
2. A: Do you like music?
B: Yes, I do. Music can help me feel better.
1. A: What's your favorite ar(t) form?
B: My favorite is po(p) music.
2. A: Do you li(ke) music?
B: Yes, I do. Musi(c) can hel(p) me feel better.
Summary
连读规则总结
Liaison
连读(Liaison)是指在口语中,将一个单词的结尾音素与下一个单词的开头音素连在一起的现象。这种现象在英语中非常常见,尤其是在快速口语中。
几种常见的连读现象:
1)辅音+元音(C+V)
前词以辅音结尾,后词以元音开头时,辅音与元音连读。如:
Put it on.→/pʊtɪtɒn/,put的/t/和it的/ɪ/连读,
it 的/t/和 on 的/ɒ/连读。
2) r/re+元音
在美式英语中,前词以r/re结尾且后词以元音开头时,需发/r/
并与后词元音连读。如:
Here it is.→/hɪrɪtɪz/,/r/与/ɪ/连读,it 的 /t/ 和 is 的/ɪ/连读。
Summary
连读规则总结
Liaison
几种常见的连读现象
3)弱读词的连读
在口语中,一些常见的虚词(如and、to、of、at等)会弱读,并与
前后单词连读。如:I want to go.→/al wæntəgəu/,其中“to”弱读
为[tə]并与前后单词连读。
4)辅音+半元音
前词以辅音结尾,后词以半元音/j/或/w/开头时,需要连读并
常伴随音的同化。如:
Did you→/dɪdʒu/, /d/+/j/同化为/dʒ/。
5)元音+元音 (V+V)
前词以元音结尾,后词以元音开头时,通过插入半元音/w/或/j/连读。
① 前元音为/u:/或/u/,加/w/。如:go away→/ɡəʊ(w)əweɪ/。
② 前元音为/i:/或/ɪ/,加/j/。如:she is → /ʃi(j)ɪz/。
Practice
Match the words with their correct pronunciation rules.
picture
spring
stand up
subject
street
look at
Liaison
连读
Sonorization
浊化
Incomplete plosion
不完全爆破
Exercises
I. 单项选择。
1. 选出画线部分发音与其他三个不同的选项。( )
A. space B. speak C. sport D. stop
2. 选出下列单词中,“st” 发音浊化的一项。 ( )
A. listen B. stand C. best D. cost
3. 下列单词中,哪个单词的 “sk” 发音与其他不同?( )
A. school B. sky C. desk D. skate
4. 找出发音浊化的单词。( )
A. sister B. street C. actor D. master
5. 以下单词中,符合浊化规则的是( )
A. spider B. map C. cup D. dog
D
B
C
B
A
Exercises
II. 读对话,标记出不完全爆破和连读的地方。
A: What’s your dream job?
B: I want to be a doctor.
A: Do you like acting?
B: Yes, I do. I want to be an actor. (连读: __________)
A: Can you help me with this task?
B: Sure, I’ll get to it soon. (连读: _______________)
A: What’s your dream job?
B: I wan(t) to be a do(c)tor.
A: Do you like acting?
B: Yes, I do. I wan(t) to be an actor. (连读: be an → /biː (j)ən/)
A: Can you hel(p) me with this task?
B: Sure, I’ll ge(t) to it soon. (连读: to it → /tu (w)ɪt/)
Summary
Pronunciation Rules:
Master the pronunciation rules of blue letter combinations (involving sonorization) and the rule of incomplete plosion (a plosive is incomplete when followed by another plosive).
Language Abilities:
Improve the ability to identify and use sonorization and incomplete plosion in speaking, enhancing the fluency and accuracy of pronunciation.
Homework
1. 基础层:熟读课本Activity 1-2中的单词和短语,并默写标注出
不完全爆破的5个单词。
2. 提高层:自己创作一段包含浊化和不完全爆破现象的小对话,
和同学练习并表演。
3. 拓展层:寻找英文歌曲中含有浊化、不完全爆破的歌词,分析
并分享。
Thank you!
Blues
73612.43
Blues
44616.81
Blues
51826.23
Blues
31477.803
$Activity three, listen and chant, pay attention to the incomplete plosive. Today I want to do some arts with cambridge paper and black ink. I wonder what to do to starch. I need to take some time to think while you sing, dance and do your part all pictures in blue and pink today. I want to do some art with pen, brush, paper and black. I wonder what to do to start, I need to take some time to think while you sing that and do your parts open pictures in blue and tank.
Activity one, listen and read the words allowed, pay attention to the renunciation of the blue letters. blue . bread. clear, crazy. Flag . snow. Free, bad, great, plain press, spider. quiet, slow, small, snake spoon, spring . star, swim, straight, throw, smile, sport.
Activity to listen and read the words and phrases, pay attention to the incomplete . plosive picture . success subject, midnight. a big zoo, stand for a good view, get through . good luck, make sure help . me a sweet . dream.
Activity for listen and mark the incomplete plosive with brackets, and then read the sentences with correct incomplete plosive and leases. One, what's your favorite art for? My favorite is pop music. Two, do you like music? Yes, I do. Music can help me feel Better.