Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．stream vi.&vt.鱼贯而行，涌动；流，流动 n．小溪；(人)流，(车)流 2．handkerchief n．手帕，纸巾 3．vast adj.大量的，辽阔的，巨大的 4．reputation n．名誉，名声 5．extraordinary adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 6．upset adj.难过的，失望的 vt.使烦恼；搅乱；打翻 7．ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.&vt.(使)宽慰，减轻 8．genius n．天赋，天资；天才 9．variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种 10．chorus n．合唱曲；副歌；合唱团 11．grand adj.宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的 拓展词汇 12．remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的→remarkably adv.不寻常地，惊人地→remark n．谈论；言论；评述vt.&vi.谈论；评论；说起 13．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的→enthusiastically adv.热情地→enthusiasm n．热心；热情；热忱 14．gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的→gift n．礼物；天赋 15．brilliant adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的→brilliantly adv.光彩夺目地，出色地，高明地→brilliance n．才智，才华；光辉，灿烂 16．prediction n．预言，预测→predict vt.预言；预告；预测→predictor n．预言者 17．depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depressing adj.使人沮丧的→depression n．沮丧→depressive adj.抑郁的 18．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→possession n．(尤作复数)所有；财产 19．abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃→abandoned adj.放纵的；堕落的；废弃的；被遗弃的；被抛弃的→abandonment n．放弃；遗弃；抛弃 20．desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地→desperation n．拼命，绝望，不顾一切 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．at the end of在……尽头；在……末端 2．by the time到……为止 3．be determined to do sth决心做某事 4．a variety of各种各样的 5．take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 6．all of a sudden突然，猛地 7．break into强行闯入；突然……起来 8．with ease轻易地；毫不费力地 9．be regarded as...被看作……，被当成…… 10．take on呈现；雇用；承担 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．Beethoven，who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life，was unaware of the audience's response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd. 贝多芬在他生命中的这个时候几乎完全聋了，直到其中一个歌手把他转过身来面对人群时，他才意识到观众的反应。 2．Symphony No.9 was Beethoven's last major piece of music in a vast body of works written throughout his remarkable life. 《第九交响曲》是贝多芬一生中创作的大量作品中的最后一首主要乐曲。 3．He was so upset that，at first，he wanted to keep it a secret. 一开始，他非常难过，他想保守这个秘密。 4．When composing music at the piano，he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes. 在钢琴上作曲时，他会把铅笔的一端放在嘴里，另一端靠在乐器上，这样他就能感觉到音符。 5．Although Beethoven was able to continue composing music，it became increasingly difficult for him to perform in public. 尽管贝多芬能够继续作曲，但他在公众面前表演变得越来越困难。 Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．On 7 May 1824, where did a crowd of music lovers stream into to hear Beethoven's Symphony No.9? A．A theatre in Vienna. B．A theatre in London. C．A theatre in New York. D．A theatre in China. 2．Who pushed the young Beethoven to study music day and night? A．His mother.　　　 B．His father. C．His sister. D．His brother. 3． was the biggest problem Beethoven faced in his life. A．The loss of smell B．The loss of movement C．The loss of hearing D．The loss of sight 4．Beethoven is regarded as one of the most remarkable musicians because of . A．his amazing achievements B．his determination even in his darkest days C．his deafness D．both A and B 5．Which one is WRONG about Beethoven's Symphony No.9? A．Beethoven's Symphony No.9 is the most famous and treasured piece in the history of classical music. B．You can feel the determination in Beethoven's Symphony No.9. C．Beethoven's Symphony No.9 connects all of the different variations into a joyful chorus. D．Beethoven's Symphony No.9 is not only his great work, but also a grand finale to Beethoven's life. 答案：　1～5　ABCDA Ⅱ.Master the key content of the text. Beethoven：a remarkable life •A crowd of music lovers 1.streamed into a theatre in Vienna to hear Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No.9.The crowd broke into 2.enthusiastic cheers at the end of the symphony and used their ways to express their appreciation. •From a young age, Beethoven was pushed to study music 3.day and night.And many important figures in the music world made predictions about 4.his extraordinary future, but then Beethoven's life took a sharp turn—he started to 5. lose his hearing. •The loss of hearing 6.depressed Beethoven at first, and then he used a variety of 7.hearing aids to increase the amount of sound he could take in. •Beethoven's Symphony No.9 has become one of the most famous and treasured pieces in the history of 8.classical music. •Beethoven is regarded as one of the most 9.remarkable musicians because of his amazing achievements and his 10.determination even in his darkest days. Ⅲ.Fill in the blanks using the proper words according to the text. On 7 May 1824, many music lovers 1.streamed (stream) into a theatre to hear Beethoven's Symphony No.9.They recognized 2.what they heard as truly special one.And they expressed their appreciation of this masterpiece by 3.standing (stand)，clapping and waving their hats and handkerchiefs. As a 4.gifted (gift) child, Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music.By the time he was a child, he 5.had enjoyed (enjoy) a reputation as a wonderful young musician.In his late twenties, he started to lose his hearing.6.Obviously(obvious), the loss of his hearing made Beethoven depressed.7.To increase (increase) the amount of sound he could take in, he used a variety 8.of hearing aids. Symphony No.9 was not only his last great work but also 9.a grand finale to Beethoven's life.Beethoven is regarded as one of the most remarkable 10.musicians (music) because of his amazing achievements and his determination. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心词汇·练透] remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的 (1)be remarkable for　因……而著名 (2)remark n. 谈论；言论；评述 vt.&vi. 谈论；评论；说起 make a remark on/about 对……发表评论/看法 remark on/upon 谈论/评论…… (3)remarkably adv. 不寻常地，惊人地 [经典佳句]　A lot of customers remarked on the quality of our products. 许多顾客对我们的产品质量发表了评论。 The area is remarkable for its scenery. 这一地区以其优美的景色而引人注目。 [语境助记] The scientist remarked that he had found a remarkable way，but others made no remark about it. 这位科学家说他发现了一种非凡的方法，但其他人对此置之不理。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Tom left the office，remarking(remark)that he had some important work to do. ②Remarkably(remarkable)，all of the passengers survived the crash. ③The girl always remarks on/upon what others wear. 翻译句子 ④我们对这个村庄的显著变化感到惊讶。 We are surprised at the remarkable changes of the village. enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的 (1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth　对(做)某事热情 (2)enthusiasm n. 热情；热心 (3)enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地 [经典佳句]　As night fell，our enthusiasm began to ebb away. 我们的热情随着夜晚的降临而渐渐低落下来。 The old man is enthusiastic about his work. 这位老人对他的工作很热心。 [佳句背诵] I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. 我一直是个热心的读者，小时候有时一天最多看三本书。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic(enthusiasm) as ever. ②The whole playground was excited with the audience cheering enthusiastically(enthusiastic) for the athletes. gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的 (1)be gifted with...　天生具备…… be gifted/talented at doing sth/in sth 擅长做某事 (2)gift n. 天赋；天生的才能；礼物 have a gift for 有……的天赋 [经典佳句]　Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 乔迁派对之所以得名，是因为很久以前人们会把柴火作为礼物带到新家。 It is said that he is a man of many gifts，especially he is gifted at drawing.据说他是一个多才多艺的人，尤其在绘画方面有天赋。 [佳句背诵] At the same time he had indeed a great gift for writing. 同时，他确实具有写作天赋。 [语境助记] The gifted musician is a man of many gifts，who had a gift for music when he was a child，and now he is gifted at playing many musical instruments. 这位有才华的音乐家是一个多才多艺的人。当他是个孩子时就有音乐天赋。现在他擅长演奏很多乐器。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He has a gift for singing at an early age. ②She is a gifted(gift) artist as well as a photographer. 完成句子 ③格林夫妇有一个八岁的女孩，她有绘画天赋。 The Greens have an eight­year­old girl who has a gift for painting. reputation n．名誉，名声 have a reputation for　有……的名声 live up to one's reputation 不负盛名；名副其实 damage/ruin one's reputation 有损/毁坏某人的名声 acquire/earn/establish/build a reputation 赢得/确立/树立声誉 [经典佳句]　They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience. 他们提供的骑行体验广受好评。 The weather in England is living up to its reputation. 英国的天气真是名副其实。 [佳句背诵] The articles along with his novels and essay collections have earned Johnson the reputation as one of the funniest humans on the planet.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，听力材料) 这些文章以及他的小说和散文集为约翰逊赢得了地球上最有趣的人类之一的声誉。 [易混辨析] reputation，fame reputation 可指好名声，也可指坏名声，强调人们心目中的印象 fame 仅指好名声，强调较高的知名度 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①These cars have a reputation for poor performance. ②New York certainly lived up to its reputation as an exciting city. 选词填空：reputation；fame ③She went to Hollywood in search of fame and fortune，but earned a bad reputation. prediction n．预言，预测 (1)make a prediction for　对……做出预言/预测 (2)predict vt. 预测；预言；预料 be predicted to do sth 预测做某事 It is predicted that... 据预测/预报……；人们预言/预测…… (3)predictor n. 预言者 [经典佳句]　I see that as a predictor of both short­term and long­term effects. 我认为这就是短期影响和长期影响共同的先兆。 It is predicted that the situation will last at least a month. 据预测这种形势至少会持续一个月。 [佳句背诵] No one can predict what life will be like in fifty years. 没有人能预测五十年后的生活会是什么样子。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①It's ridiculous of you to believe in her prediction(predict) about your future. ②Sales were five percent lower than predicted(predict)． ③Having been predicted(predict) one day ahead，the volcanic eruption didn't kill anyone except several injured. extraordinary adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 (1)extraordinary arrangement　精心安排；特殊安排 (2)extraordinarily adv. 非常；格外地；非凡地 [经典佳句]　He published four extraordinary physics papers. 他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文。 Our body is an extraordinarily complex mechanism comprising of trillions of cells. 我们的身体是由万亿细胞组成的极其复杂的机制。 [佳句背诵] This is an extraordinary discovery but there is still a lot more down there that has to be found. 这是一次非凡的发现但是在那里仍旧有更多的东西等待我们去发现。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He made，they both said，“an extraordinarily(extraordinary) good ambassador's wife”． 完成句子 ②是的，如果你也相信普通人可以做不平凡的事情。 Yes，if you also believe that ordinary people can do extraordinary things. depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气 depressed adj.　沮丧的；意志消沉的 depressing adj. 使人沮丧的 depressive adj. 抑郁的 depression n. 沮丧 [经典佳句]　He has recently made a significant discovery—loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes，but it can be prevented in a clever way. 他最近有一个重大发现，孤独是一个严重的社会问题，可以导致抑郁症，甚至犯罪，但它可以通过一种聪明的方法来预防。 The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life. 他所描写的平静安宁的生活与压抑的朝廷生活形成了鲜明的对比和批判。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Hearing the depressing news，the girl felt depressed.(depress) ②The first time we lost the match，we all felt very depressed(depress)，because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it. ③People who eat plenty of fresh vegetables are far less likely to suffer anxiety or depression(depress). upset adj.难过的，失望的vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；搅乱；打翻 (1)be upset about/over/at sth　为某事心烦/难过 be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安/难过 (2)upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼 It upsets sb to do sth/that... 让某人心烦的是…… [经典佳句]　It upsets me to think of her all alone in that big house. 想到她孤身一人守着那所大房子，我感到不舒服。 There's no point getting upset about it. 没有必要为此烦恼。 [佳句背诵] I do know how upset the shop staff can get，but I try to persuade them to keep smiling. 我知道店员会有多不高兴，但我尽力劝他们保持微笑。 [名师点津] (1)upset充当形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语。 (2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The other day，all my plans were upset(upset) by the sudden change of the weather. ②There's no need to be upset about/over/at this.Things will surely turn out right. ③I was very upset to find(find) out that he didn't like my gift at all. 完成句子 ④她的新提议被老板否决了，她很烦躁。 It upset her that her new suggestion was turned down by the boss. possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制 (1)be possessed of　　拥有；具有(某品质、能力等) be possessed with/by 被……控制 (2)possession n. 财物；财产 in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 in the possession of sb 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 have/take possession of 拥有；占有 [语境感悟]　All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. 所有乘坐TransLink服务的客户必须在登机前持有有效机票。 She said that she was suddenly possessed by fear. 她说她突然感到害怕。 [佳句背诵] Although he doesn't possess much money，he is possessed of good health. 虽然他没有很多钱，但是他拥有健康的身体。 [名师点津] in possession of表主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。与之用法类似的常见短语还有：in charge of“负责……”；in the charge of “由……负责”；in control of “控制……”；in the control of“由……控制”。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①Having been cheated by that company，he lost all his possessions(possess)． ②Wolf Father，whose three children went to Peking University，is possessed of great confidence. 句型转换 ③He is in possession of the company. →He possesses/is possessed of/takes possession of the company. →The company is in the possession of him/in his possession. abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃 (1)abandon oneself to...　沉湎于……；纵情于…… abandon doing sth 放弃做某事 (2)abandon n．[U] 放任，放纵 with abandon 放纵地；放任地 (3)abandoned adj. 无约束的；放纵的；被遗弃的 [经典佳句]　She put forward some cogent reasons for abandoning the plan. 她为放弃这个计划提出了一些具有说服力的理由。 The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon. 那些女孩跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着她们的手臂。 [佳句背诵] Don't abandon yourself to this kind of computer games. 不要使你沉溺于这类计算机游戏中。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won. ②As we all know，those who abandon themselves(they) to despair can not succeed. ③These plans were abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems. ④Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned(abandon) bricks of different ages. desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 (1)be desperate for sth　　渴望某物 be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事 in desperate need (of) 非常需要(……) (2)desperation n. 拼命；不顾死活；绝望 (3)desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地 [经典佳句]　Because of many years of war，some poor children in Afghanistan are in desperate need of love and attention. 在阿富汗，由于多年战乱，许多可怜的孩子非常需要爱心和关怀。 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water. 在沙漠里迷路的人极度渴望得到水。 [佳句背诵] I ran desperately but failed to catch up. 我拼命地跑，但没赶上。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①The woman tried desperately(desperate) to push the man away when he tried to snatch the bag from her. ②Car firms are desperate to achieve(achieve) economies of scale. ③In desperation(desperate)，he called Louise and asked for her help. ④He was desperate for work to provide for a large family. ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸vi.&vt.(使)宽慰，减轻 (1)at ease　舒适；快活；自由自在 at ease with 不拘束，放松 put sb at ease 使某人放松 feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松 with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地 take one's ease 休息；轻松一下 (2)ease one's mind 使某人安心 ease sb of sth 减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等) [经典佳句]　The smile on our teacher's face made us feel at ease. 老师脸上的笑容使我们感到轻松。 Tindale says，she was prepared to put him to sleep，but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。 [佳句背诵] A smile is a sign that you are happy，which helps put people at ease. 微笑表示你感到高兴，它能使人感到自在。 [名师点津] at ease既可作表语，又可作状语；with ease只能作状语。 [即学活用] 选词填空：at ease，with ease ①We were sitting on the sofa at ease. ②He passed the exam with ease. 完成句子 ③我们在乡下待了几天，这使我们感觉舒适。 We spent several days in the countryside，which made us feel at ease. ④当你感到紧张时，你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松一下。 When you feel nervous，you'd better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [重点句型·通关] (教材P25)Beethoven，who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life，was unaware of the audience's response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd. 贝多芬在他生命中的这个时候几乎完全聋了，直到其中一个歌手把他转过身来面对人群时，他才意识到观众的反应。 句中until引导时间状语从句。 (1)如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，主句要用肯定式，表示动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。 (2)如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，主句要用否定式，表示动作到until所表示的时间才发生，构成not...until...“直到……才……”。 They kept their collection at home until it got too big or until they died，and then it was given to a museum. 他们把收藏品保存在家中，直到收藏数量过大或者直到他们去世，然后把藏品送到博物馆。 It was not until the bus stopped that he got off it. 直到车停稳他才下来。 [佳句背诵] Not until then did I really realize the value of friends. 直到那时，我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。 [名师点津] (1)在not...until句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，句子要用部分倒装语序。如果not until引导的是句子，until从句的主谓不能倒装，只是主句倒装。 (2)not...until句型的强调句式为：It is/was not until...that...。 [即学活用] 单句语法填空 ①He didn't realize the importance of English until he began to work. ②Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist­related activities in the rural areas. ③It wasn't until in high school that I began to trust other people again. (教材P25)He was so upset that，at first，he wanted to keep it a secret. 一开始，他非常难过，他想保守这个秘密。 so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 (1)so＋adj./adv.＋that... so＋adj.＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋that... so＋many/few/much/little＋n.＋that... (2)such＋a(n)＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that... such＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that... The film This Is Me was so interesting that many young people liked it. 电影《年少轻狂》如此有意思，很多年轻人都喜欢看。 The teacher was telling us so interesting a story that we all forgot the time. →The teacher was telling us such an interesting story that we all forgot the time. 老师在给我们讲一个如此有趣的故事，以至于我们全都忘了时间。 [名师点津] little既有“少”的意思，又有“小”的意思。当“少”讲时后接不可数名词，用so修饰；当“小”讲时后接可数名词，用such修饰。 [即学活用] 用so或such填空 ①His plan was such a good one that we all agreed to accept it. ②It was so dark that he couldn't see the faces of his companions. ③He did so bad a job that we were all not satisfied. ④There were so many different types of bread that the volunteer didn't know which to buy. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．There is no sense upsetting(upset) yourself about it now. 2．He is desperate to pass(pass) the entrance exam. 3．Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing(depress)． 4．You should convince them of your enthusiasm(enthusiastic) for the job. 5．He abandoned himself to playing(play) computer games and didn't pass the exam. 6．You want customers to buy and use your software because you have a reputation for reliability. 7．On her father's death，she came into possession(possess) of a vast fortune. 8．Yet we know innovators can be remarkably(remarkable) creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. 9．Nobody believed his prediction(predict) then but later it turned out to be true. 10．The man was clever，and gifted(gift) with a sharp business brain. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．我们最好不要动这些东西，直到警察到来。 We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive. 2．许多人死于欧洲人带来的疾病。 Many people died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. 3．这次会议是如此之重要，以至于我们每一个人都得出席。 This meeting is so important that every one of us should attend it. 4．读书的时候心静如水难道不是一件乐事吗？ Isn't it a pleasure to have great calm in mind when/while reading? 5．你最好每天抽出一些时间运动，以便能够保持精力充沛。 You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A new study from MIT has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners' ability to distinguish different pitches (音高)，which translates into an improvement in distinguishing between spoken words.However，piano lessons did not appear to provide any benefit for overall intelligence，as measured by IQ，attention span (注意力集中时间)，and working memory. The 74 children participating in the study were divided into three groups：one that received 45­minute piano lessons three times a week；one that received extra reading instruction for the same period of time；and one that received neither of these.All children were 4 or 5 years old and spoke Mandarin as their native language. After six months，the researchers tested the children on their ability to distinguish words based on differences in vowels (元音)，consonants (辅音)，or tone (音调)．Better word distinguishing usually comes with better phonological awareness—the awareness of the sound structure of words，which is a key part of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in distinguishing between words that differ by one consonant.Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than the third group when it came to distinguishing words based on vowel differences. The researchers also used electroencephalography to measure brain activity and found that children in the piano group had stronger responses than the other children when they listened to a series of tones of different pitch.This suggested that a greater sensitivity to pitch differences is what helped the children who took piano lessons to better distinguish different words，Desimone says. “That's a big thing for kids in learning language：being able to hear the differences between words，” he says.“They really did benefit from that.” In tests of IQ，attention，and working memory，the researchers did not find any significant differences among the three groups of children. Desimone says he hopes the findings will help to convince education officials who are considering abandoning music classes in schools not to do so. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究人员发现上钢琴课对孩子们学习语言有帮助。 1．What do we know about the study? A．The participants were divided into four groups. B．All the participants spoke English as their native language. C．The participants were tested after a period of six months. D．The ages of the participants ranged from 4 to 15 years. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After six months，the researchers tested the children on their ability to distinguish words”可知，六个月后，研究人员测试了参与测试的孩子们辨别单词的能力，故选C。 答案　C 2．What did the researchers find in their study? A．Children in the piano group had better awareness of the differences among words. B．Children in the piano group performed better in the IQ test. C．Children in the extra reading group had better awareness of sounds. D．Children in the extra reading group performed better in the IQ test. 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“This suggested that a greater sensitivity to pitch differences is what helped the children who took piano lessons to better distinguish different words”可知，这表明，对音高差异更敏感有助于上钢琴课的孩子更好地区分不同的单词，也就是说上钢琴课的孩子能更好地区分单词之间的差异，故选A。 答案　A 3．What does Desimone think is an important ability for kids learning a language? A．The ability to imitate certain sounds. B．The ability to tell the differences between sounds. C．The ability to remember new sounds and words. D．The ability to relate sounds to real objects. 解析　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“That's a big thing for kids in learning language：being able to hear the differences between words”可知，能够听出单词之间的区别，这对学习语言的孩子来说是件大事，由此可知，德西蒙认为孩子学习语言的一个重要能力是能够区分不同发音，故选B。 答案　B 4．With the findings，what does Desimone want education officials to do? A．To have more music classes in schools. B．Not to end music classes in schools. C．To provide more types of musical instruments to schools. D．Not to force students to study music if they are unwilling to. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“convince education officials who are considering abandoning music classes in schools not to do so”可知，德西蒙希望教育官员不要取消学校的音乐课，故选B。 答案　B Ⅱ.语法填空 “Climate emergency” was picked by Oxford Dictionaries as the word of the year for 2019 after 1. (use) on average 100 times more than in 2018. Defined as “a situation 2. urgent action is required to reduce or stop climate change and avoid environmental damage resulting from it”，the word became one of the most important 3. (term) of 2019.“Climate” did not have a place in the top words 4. (typical) used to modify (修饰) “emergency” in 2018.Instead，the top types of emergencies that people wrote about 5. (be) health，hospital and family emergencies.But with climate emergency，people saw something new,6. extension of emergency to the global level.The choice was reflective，not just of the rise in climate awareness，but the focus specifically 7. the language used to discuss it.Oxford said the rise of “climate emergency” 8. (show) an intentional push towards language of urgency. The dictionary's word of the year is chosen 9. (reflect) attention of the passing year and should have lasting potential as a term of 10. (culture) significance.Previous winners of word of the year include “toxic” in 2018 and “youthquake” in 2017. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了《牛津词典》将“气候紧急事件”选为2019年的年度词汇，这反映出了人们对于气候的关注。 1．being used　考查非谓语动词。after为介词，后接动词­ing形式，且the word 与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用现在分词的被动形式being used。故填being used。 2．where　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，situation为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故填where。 3．terms　考查名词的数。one of后接名词复数，形容词最高级修饰名词。故填terms。 4．typically　考查副词。typically为副词修饰动词used为副词。故填typically。 5．were　考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主语为the top types of emergencies，所以be动词为were。故填were。 6．an　考查冠词。extension“延长部分”为可数名词，本句表示泛指，且extension首字母的发音为元音音素，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．on/upon　考查介词。focus on/upon“集中于……”为固定短语。故填on/upon。 8．showed　考查时态。由“Oxford said”可知，宾语从句为一般过去时。故填showed。 9．to reflect　考查动词不定式。be chosen to do sth“被选择做某事”为固定短语。故填to reflect。 10．cultural　考查形容词。此处修饰名词significance，应使用形容词，意为“文化意义”。故填cultural。 Ⅲ.写作 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。 (2024·九省联考)Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya. The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn't surprised when she surfaced empty­handed. During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (过滤) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya's path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat. “Maya! Where did you get that？” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it，” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What's all this？” Katherine asked, obviously confused. “This is Maya's secret，” Hilda said with a big smile. Now Katherine realized what had been going on. One possible version： “This is Maya's secret，” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. When you train her, she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you. “Really? How do you know that？” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It took me a long time to discover this secret, too. It's not easy to follow Maya.” Now Katherine realized what had been going on. Catherine thought to herself, this is really a clever dolphin. And she said to Hilda, “Well, Maya loves treats, so we'll work together, and you'll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank. I'll give her treats, the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Good idea, let's do it.” From then on, the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony. Maya's performance in front of the audience is getting better and better. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $