Unit 1 Food matters 单元达标检测(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner，experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. Walk 1—The Natural World With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide，this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. Date and Time：Saturday,1st October，at 09：00 Start Point：Scratoes Bridge Walk Duration：6 hours Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. Date and Time：Sunday,2nd October，at 09：00 Start Point：Deerpark Car Park Walk Duration：5 hours Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars Walking at night­time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch(手电筒)along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. Date and Time：Saturday,1st October，at 18：30 Start Point：The Town Hall Walk Duration：3 hours Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well­surfaced forest path. Date and Time：Sunday,2nd October，at 11：45 Start Point：Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area Walk Duration：1.5 hours [语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了卡洛秋季步行节给新手、有经验的或高阶的徒步者提供的四条徒步旅行线路的基本信息。 1．Which walk takes the shortest time? A．The Natural World. B．Introduction to Hillwalking. C．Moonlight Under the Stars. D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest. 解析　细节理解题。根据四条线路中的 Walk Duration 部分的信息我们可以得知，四条线路的徒步时长分别为6 小时、5 小时、3小时和1.5 小时。故 Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest 用时最短。故选D。 答案　D 2．What are participants in Walk 3 required to do? A．Wear proper clothes. B．Join a walking club. C．Get special permits. D．Bring a survival guide. 解析　细节理解题。根据Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars中的“A torch(手电筒)along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.”可知，穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加该活动，即参加 Walk 3 的徒步者需要穿着合适的衣服。B项“加入徒步俱乐部”；C项“获得特别许可证”；D项“携带生存指南”。故选A。 答案　A 3．What do the four walks have in common? A．They involve difficult climbing. B．They are for experienced walkers. C．They share the same start point. D．They are scheduled for the weekend. 解析　细节理解题。根据四条线路中的 Date and Time 部分的信息可知，四项活动的举办时间都是在周六或者周日，A项“它们涉及困难的攀爬”；B项“它们是为有经验的徒步者举办的”；C项“它们有共同的起点”；D项“它们被安排在周末”。故选D。 答案　D B Since the earliest days of the United States，Americans have begun their day by eating whatever is most easily available.These foods often include bread，eggs or leftovers—food left over from the night before.Today，ease is still an important factor when it comes to breakfast.However，what people eat has changed over time.Some of today's common breakfast foods，such as cereals (谷类食物)，are popular because of very effective marketing. “Advertising was practically invented to sell cereals.One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat instant cereals.They offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning，” says Heather Arndt Anderson.She is the writer of the book Breakfast：A History. Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a morning drink.In 1916，farmers grew more oranges than usual，so advertisers began saying，“Drink an orange.” They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day. Pancakes have also been around for a very long time.Researchers believe the world's oldest naturally preserved human mummy (木乃伊) ate a pancake­like food as one of his last meals.Researchers think pancakes may have been made in the morning because they are much quicker to prepare than bread.Cooks could then have time to make fresh bread for dinner. Americans still eat some of the same breakfast foods—like bread and eggs—that their ancestors did.Writer Heather Arndt Anderson notes that people's concerns about healthy food choices have also stayed the same.She hopes more Americans will see leftovers as breakfast foods.After all，they taste good and are a great way to reduce waste. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。从美国早期开始，美国人早餐就以吃最便捷的食物开始他们的一天。这些食物通常包括速溶麦片、薄煎饼或前一晚剩下的食物。 4．What is the advantage of the instant cereal? A．It makes kids healthier. B．It saves mothers' time. C．It satisfies everybody's taste. D．It costs less than other foods. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Since the earliest days of the United States，Americans have begun their day by eating whatever is most easily available.”(从美国早期开始，美国人就以最容易得到的食物开始他们的一天。)和“However，what people eat has changed over time.”(今天，轻松仍然是早餐的一个重要因素。)可知，人们选择早餐食品的一个重要因素是方便获取；再结合文章第二段“‘One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat instant cereals.They offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning，’ says Heather Arndt Anderson.(‘广告成功或有效使用的最初方法之一，就是说服母亲们，让她们的孩子吃速溶麦片是可以的。他们为工作的母亲们提供了一个让孩子们在早上照顾自己的机会。’海瑟·阿恩特·安德森说。)”可知，速溶麦片的好处是可以节省妈妈的时间。故选B。 答案　B 5．What was the advertisers' final purpose of saying “Drink an orange”？ A．To market the orange juice. B．To recommend a popular lifestyle. C．To promote oranges as a healthy breakfast item. D．To encourage farmers in planting more oranges. 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a morning drink.(在橙汁成为早餐饮品的过程中，广告也起到了重要作用。)”和“They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day.(他们的目的是说服人们喝橙汁是健康的开始一天生活的方式。)”可推知，广告商说“喝橘子”的最终目的是为了推销橙汁。故选A。 答案　A 6．Why does the author mention a mummy in Paragraph 4? A．To explain the origin of pancakes. B．To present the benefit of pancakes. C．To prove the long history of pancakes. D．To show the wide spreading of pancakes. 解析　推理判断题。例子是为了说明观点的。根据文章第四段“Pancakes have also been around for a very long time.Researchers believe the world's oldest naturally preserved human mummy (木乃伊) ate a pancake­like food as one of his last meals.(煎饼也有很长一段时间了。研究人员认为，世界上最古老的自然保存的人类木乃伊最后一餐吃了一种薄饼状的食物。)”可知，这个例子是为了说明证明煎饼的悠久历史。故选C。 答案　C 7．What is the main idea of the text? A．The History of the Americans' Diet. B．The Effects of Advertising Foods. C．The Importance of Having Healthy Meals. D．The Development of the Americans' Breakfast. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国早餐饮食的演变历史，即从早期的面包和鸡蛋，到后来的麦片粥和橙汁，美国人早餐食品的种类不断增加。D项：The Development of the Americans' Breakfast.(美国人早餐的发展。)符合题意。故选D。 答案　D C For those who can stomach it，working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first，according to a study of meal timing and physical activity. Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance.However，far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health. To find out，British scientists conducted a study.They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men，whose lifestyles are，for better and worse，representative of those of most of us.They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue. Then，on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab，each man walked for an hour at an average speed that，in theory，should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel.Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食)．On the other occasion，they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking. Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue. Then they compared the samples.There were considerable differences.Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.As a result，they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories (卡路里)，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting. But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant，the researchers found.Multiple genes behaved differently，depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking.Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted. The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。 8．The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”． A．digest the meal easily B．manage without breakfast C．decide wisely what to eat D．eat whatever is offered 解析　词义猜测题。根据后句“working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first”可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人。 B项“不吃早饭”与之意思相近。故选B。 答案　B 9．Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment? A．Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people. B．Their lack of exercise led to overweight. C．They could walk at an average speed. D．They had slow metabolic rates. 解析　细节理解题。根据题干中10 people，定位答案在第三段。根据第三段中“They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men，whose lifestyles are，for better and worse，representative of those of most of us”可知，他们首先挑选了10个超重不太爱运动，但是健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式，不管好坏，代表着我们大部分人。故选A。 答案　A 10．What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise? A．They successfully lost weight. B．They consumed a bit more calories. C．They burned more fat on average. D．They displayed higher insulin levels. 解析　细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories，on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting”可知，另一方面，平均来说，吃完早餐后锻炼消耗的热量要比禁食后稍微多一点。故选B。 答案　B 11．What could be learned from the research? A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances. B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates. C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise. D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first”可知，这些结果暗示了：为了从锻炼中获益最大，最好先不吃饭。故选D。 答案　D D A large­scale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and having a reduced risk of cancer.If the new results are confirmed，promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against the disease，a team of French researchers said. Meanwhile，pushed by environmental and health concerns，the organic food market continues to grow rapidly.Organic food is produced without the use of man­made chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides (杀虫剂)． “There are good reasons for the organic trend，” said Julia Baudry，lead author of the study in France.“There are growing concerns about exposure to different types of pesticides from farming.Organic food is less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional (常规的) food，and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticide.” For the study，a team of researchers examined data on the organic food consumption frequency and dietary intake of 68,946 French adults collected by an ongoing survey which began in 2009.Participants reported how often (never，occasionally or most of the time) they consumed 16 types of organic foods including fruits，vegetables，dairy products，meat and fish，eggs，grains and so on. “Over the course of the study，the researchers observed a significant reduction in the risk of cancer among those participants who were high consumers of organic food，” Baudry said.“In total，the participants developed a total of 1340 cancers.However，those individuals who ate the most organic food had a 25% reduced risk of developing cancer compared to consumers with a low organic food consumption frequency.” Despite these results，the authors note that the study contains several limitations，which means，at present，no conclusions can be drawn which definitively link eating organic food to having a reduced risk of developing cancer. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。法国研究人员一项大规模的研究发现，吃基于有机食物的饮食与降低患癌风险之间存在联系。 12．What is the finding of the French researchers' study? A．Consuming organic food can help cure cancer. B．Eating organic food is linked to lower cancer risk. C．Organic food consumption may help people stay in shape. D．Organic food is an extremely important source of various nutrients. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A large­scale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and having a reduced risk of cancer.If the new results are confirmed，promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against the disease，a team of French researchers said.(一项大规模研究发现，食用有机食品与降低癌症风险之间存在联系。一组法国研究人员说，如果新的结果被证实，提倡食用有机食品可能是一种很有前途的预防疾病的策略。)”可知，法国研究人员研究发现食用有机食品与降低癌症风险有关。故选B。 答案　B 13．What's one reason for organic food becoming popular? A．People care about the environment and their health. B．Organic food is produced in a clean environment. C．More and more people can now afford organic food. D．Organic food is easier to grow. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Meanwhile，pushed by environmental and health concerns，the organic food market continues to grow rapidly.(与此同时，在环境和健康问题的推动下，有机食品市场继续快速增长。)”可知，有机食品变得受欢迎是因为人们关心环境和健康问题。故选A。 答案　A 14．What does the underlined part “the organic trend” probably refer to? A．Better quality of organic food. B．Losing interest in organic food. C．Higher prices of organic food. D．The rapidly growing market of organic food. 解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Meanwhile，pushed by environmental and health concerns，the organic food market continues to grow rapidly.(与此同时，在环境和健康问题的推动下，有机食品市场继续快速增长。)”根据文章第三段画线词后句“There are growing concerns about exposure to different types of pesticides from farming.Organic food is less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional (常规的) food，and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticide.(他说：‘人们越来越担心农耕过程中接触到的不同类型的杀虫剂。与传统食品相比，有机食品中残留农药的可能性较小，而且研究表明，有机饮食可以减少对某些农药的接触。’)”可知，人们对食品安全越来越担心，所以the organic trend指的是有机食品市场需求迅速增长的趋势。故选D。 答案　D 15．What can we know about the French researchers' survey from the passage? A．It was only carried out in 2009. B．Nearly 69,000 people took part in it. C．25% of the participants were cancer patients. D．The participants only consumed organic foods. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“For the study，a team of researchers examined data on the organic food consumption frequency and dietary intake of 68,946 French adults collected by an ongoing survey which began in 2009.(在这项研究中，一组研究人员分析了68 946名法国成年人的有机食品消费频率和饮食摄入量的数据，这些数据是从2009年开始的一项正在进行的调查中收集的。)”可知，将近69 000人参加了法国研究人员的调查。故选B。 答案　B 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Healthy See，Healthy Do Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach，and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy.But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. 16 And it may make or break some healthy eating habits. The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food.Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. 17 A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves，for example.In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last­minute sales of healthier foods. 18 It has been working with more than 1000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods.“We know that the stores are full of cues meant to encourage consumption，” says Tamar Adjoian，a research scientist at the department，“Making healthy foods more convenient or attractive can lead to increased sales of those products.” Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas，so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study.They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter. 19 Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed，just 4 percent bought something from the checkout areas.Among those who did，however，customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines. 20 The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. The potential influence may seem small，but Adjoian believes that creating more checkout lines would open customers' eyes to nutritious，lower­calorie foods.Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City. A．They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often. B．These foods give people more energy. C．The location of store displays also influences our shopping choices. D．These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health. E．The supermarkets began to offer nutritious，lower­calorie foods. F．And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior. G．Then they recorded purchases over six three­hour periods in each store for two weeks. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品的摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。 16．C　根据上文“Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach，and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy.But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases.(空着肚子去杂货店，你可能会带一些你不打算买的东西回家。但饥饿并不是增加购买的唯一原因。)”以及后文“And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.(它可能会形成或破坏一些健康的饮食习惯。)”可知，本句应当承接上文说明去商店增加了购买的其他原因，且后文中it与C选项中The location形成指代关系。故C选项“商店陈列的位置也会影响我们的购物选择。”符合语境，故选C。 17．F　根据上文“The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food.Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks.(结账区是垃圾食品特别受欢迎的地方。研究发现，最常见的产品是含糖和盐的零食。)”以及后文“A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves，for example.In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last­minute sales of healthier foods.(2012年荷兰的一项研究发现，当食堂的货架上更容易买到健康零食时，医院工作人员更有可能放弃垃圾食品而选择健康零食。2014年，挪威和冰岛的研究人员还发现，在收银台用健康食品取代不健康食品，大大增加了结账时健康食品的销量。)”可知，空格后的两个举例都是强调如果购物者经常看到的是健康食品，他们会选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。故F选项“一些研究表明，简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为。”符合语境，故选F。 18．D　根据后文“‘We know that the stores are full of cues meant to encourage consumption，’ says Tamar Adjoian，a research scientist at the department，‘Making healthy foods more convenient or attractive can lead to increased sales of those products.’(‘我们知道，商店里充斥着鼓励消费的暗示，’该部门的研究科学家Tamar Adjoian说，‘让健康食品更方便或更吸引人，可以提高这些产品的销量。’)”可知，本句应当是在说明有关部门对上一段中提到的发现的反应，后文中at the department指代D选项中New York City Department of Health。故D选项“这些发现引起了纽约市卫生部的注意。”符合语境，故选D。 19．G　根据上文“Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city's crowded urban checkout areas，so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study.They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.(Adjoian和她的同事想知道这样的发现是否适用于他们城市拥挤的结账区，所以他们选择了布朗克斯区的三家超市进行自己的研究。他们在收银台附近用水果和坚果代替了糖果和饼干。)”可知，本句承接上文继续说明研究过程，G选项中they指代上文Adjoian and her colleagues。故G选项“然后他们在两周内记录在每家商店六次三小时的购物记录。”符合语境，故选G。 20．A　根据上文“Of the more than 2100 shoppers they observed，just 4 percent bought something from the checkout areas.Among those who did，however，customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines.(在他们观察的2100多名购物者中，只有4%的人在收银台买过东西。然而，在那些选择健康食品的人当中，选择健康食品的人购买营养食品的频率是选择标准食品的人的两倍多。)”以及后文“The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.(研究结果发表在9月份的《营养教育与行为杂志》上。)”可知，这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的findings可知，前边至少有两项发现。上文已经提到了一个发现，本句应当是在说明另一个发现。故A选项“他们购买不健康食品的频率减少了40%。”符合语境，故选A。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend 21 a marathon race.Feeling motivated，I started running 22 ，but then two things happened.First，a girl I met one day told me she was 23 for a “super”，referring to a 52.4­mile double marathon.Then，the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles.To be honest，I 24 it！Between the girl making my 25 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging，I decided that the only 26 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 27 cycling.I got a good bike and rode a lot.I 28 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day，I 29 her bike and went for a ride.The 30 ：The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.I'd never faced such 31 .That day，I got 32 by about 100“local”bikers who were used to such roads.When I got back home，suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 33 . I've 34 a lot since then.I've come to accept that whatever 35 I set for myself，they just have to be my own. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在生活中，他人的成就对作者的激励作用以及消极作用。作者曾经受朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励而开始跑步，但后来因遇到更厉害的跑步者和感受到跑步的无聊而放弃。再后来作者转而骑自行车，但因爬坡的困难和被人超过的打击而放弃。最终，作者意识到目标应针对自身而设。 21．A.knew　　　　　　　 B．held C．won D．quit 解析　上文中的“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.”提到作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。结合下文的“Feeling motivated，I started running”可知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。quit“退出”。故选C。 答案　C 22．A.regularly B．silently C．proudly D．recently 解析　结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。silently“悄悄地，静静地”；proudly“得意地，自豪地”。故选A。 答案　A 23．A.asking B．looking C．waiting D．training 解析　由下文的“referring to a 52.4­mile double marathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的双人马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练，故选D。 答案　D 24．A.made B．believed C．hated D．deserved 解析　受到那个女孩的影响，作者第二天就开始跑自己从未跑过的最长距离——15 英里。根据下文的“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，因此其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，所以此处可推知，作者是讨厌跑15英里的。deserve“值得，应得”。故选C。 答案　C 25．A.advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence 解析　作者遇到的女孩为52.4 英里的双人马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。advantage“有利条件，有利因素，优势”； achievement“成就，成绩”；contribution“贡献”； influence“影响”。故选B。 答案　B 26．A.way B．risk C．place D．reason 解析　由上文可知，跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的、无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。risk“危险，风险”。故选D。 答案　D 27．A.gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 解析　由下文的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。give up“放弃”；go on“继续”；deal with“处理”。故选C。 答案　C 28．A.heard B．dreamed C．complained D．approved 解析　结合上文中描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛，直到飞往圣地亚戈拜访姐姐。complain“抱怨”；approve“同意”。故选B。 答案　B 29．A.painted B．borrowed C．bought D．parked 解析　根据空前的“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister.While she was at work one day”和空后的“went for a ride”可知，作者去圣地亚戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处是说作者向姐姐借了自行车，故选B。 答案　B 30．A.problem B．secret C．principle D．advice 解析　由空后的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路；再结合下文的“about 100 ‘local’bikers who were used to such roads”可知，与当地那些习惯了这种路的人相比，作者不习惯这种路，这种路对作者而言是一个问题。principle“原则，原理”。故选A。 答案　A 31．A.dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges 解析　作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处是在描述作者的困难，所以此处是说作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。danger“危险，风险”； event“活动，比赛项目”；opponent“对手，竞争者”。故选D。 答案　D 32．A.passed B．convinced C．admired D．stopped 解析　由上文内容和下文的“by about 100‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过，convince“使确信，使相信，使信服”； admire“钦佩，赞赏”。故选A。 答案　A 33．A.reliable B．convenient C．familiar D．appealing 解析　结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者受挫了，因此骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了，reliable“可信赖的，可依靠的”；convenient“实用的，便利的”； familiar“熟悉的，常见到的，常听说的”。故选D。 答案　D 34．A.traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 解析　结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept...be my own.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，因此作者成长了、成熟了，故选B。 答案　B 35．A.limits B．dates C．goals D．tests 解析　综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，故此处是说自那之后作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标都要是为自己而设的。limit“限制”。故选C。 答案　C 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Despite numerous claims that meal­replacement products provide sufficient nutrition and calories，36. (use) them over a long period of time could pose health risks，according to experts. Yang Yuxiang，a senior nutritionist，says healthy meal­replacement products can be 37. acceptable replacement for gluttons(贪食者) 38. want to lose weight，as long as they use them only occasionally，but they may not be necessarily effective for others 39. (have) such issues.However，many brands tend 40. (claim)that their products can 41. (complete) replace regular meals or achieve weight loss.Actually，most meal­replacement products on the market use dietary fiber (膳食纤维) 42. their main ingredient，which satisfies the appetite but is difficult to digest.Besides，they lack other types of nutrients.Yang says the 43. (healthy) way to lose weight is a change of lifestyle，such as eating home­cooked meals and taking regular exercise. Wu Juntong，a 22­year­old student，said she had tried a type of biscuit 44. (promote) as a meal­replacement，but found that it did not live up to her expectations.“Customers will lose their 45. (innocent) after their curious attempt，” she said. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。代餐产品真的可以代替一日三餐吗？ 36．using　此处为动名词短语作主语。故填using。 37．an　此处为不定冠词表泛指，acceptable以元音音素开头，故填an。 38．who/that　引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 39．having　此处为动词的现在分词短语作后置定语，逻辑主语others与have之间是主动关系。故填having。 40．to claim　tend to do sth意为“倾向于做某事”。故填to claim。 41．completely　空白处所填词在句中修饰空后动词replace，故填其副词形式。故填completely。 42．as　use sth as sth意为“使用某物作为某物”。故填as。 43．healthiest　根据空前的the可知，此处应填其最高级形式。故填healthiest。 44．promoted　此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，逻辑主语a type of biscuit与promote之间是被动关系。故填promoted。 45．innocence　空白处所填词在句中作谓语动词lose的宾语，故填innocence。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 请以“My Favorite Food”为题，介绍你喜欢的食物。 My Favorite Food One possible version： My Favourite Food I like eating dumplings not because I am from northern China but because they are really very delicious and stand for reunion. My family usually eat dumplings when all the family members come together.Making dumplings with my sisters is the happiest thing for me.Chinese dumplings are one of the most important foods in the Spring Festival.You can make a variety of Chinese dumplings with different fillings，depending on your taste and how various ingredients mixed together by you. Please come and enjoy having dumplings with me. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。 (2024·浙江1月卷)Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water.One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building.It was a six­story building.On each floor，hallways stretched in four directions，leading to classrooms，laboratories，and teachers' offices.Somewhere in the building，there was also a library，a cafeteria，and a gym. Having a poor sense of direction，Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about，let alone commit to memory.She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist. In her first P．E.class，Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic.There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile.To Eva，“a mile” was used to describe long distances.It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather's，and that always seemed like a long way，even in a car! When Coach Pitt blew his whistle(哨子)，Eva figured she would be left in the dust.However，while some of her classmates edged ahead，others actually fell behind.“It's just the beginning，”she thought.“I'll come in last for sure.” Soon Eva began to breathe hard，with her heart pounding and legs shaking.Feeling desperate，Eva started using a mind trick on herself.She stopped thinking about the word“mile”．Instead，she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead.Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved(拐弯)．After that，she tried to see if she could complete her first lap.One lap turned into two，then three，then four. When Coach Pitt said“Nice work！”to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised. Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. One possible version： When Coach Pitt said“Nice work！”to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised.She had expected to be the last one to cross the finish line，but instead she had come in the middle of the pack.Eva realized that she had underestimated (低估) her own abilities(宾语从句)．She also learned a valuable lesson：sometimes，the only way to overcome a challenge is to break it into smaller，more manageable parts.This experience gave her a new sense of confidence in her abilities and laid a solid foundation (打下坚实的基础) for her to face other challenges in the future. Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building.Confident and adventurous(形容词作伴随状语)[心理描写]，she focused on(集中注意力于……)learning the routes to her classes and the cafeteria instead of(代替)trying to memorize the entire layout(布局)of the building at once.She also made a point of(特意做……)exploring the building during her free time，so that she could gradually become familiar with the different hallways and rooms(so that 引导的结果状语从句)．With this new strategy，Eva found that the school building was no longer a source of stress for her (宾语从句)．In fact，she even began to enjoy exploring the different parts of the building and discovering new places. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $