Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Developing healthy eating habits starts from childhood，therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet.DPHSS administrator of the Bureau of Nutrition Services，Charlie Morris told KUAM News，“A healthy diet for a child consists of a lot of fruits and vegetables in the diet limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed(加工的) food.” This means staying away as much as possible from food such as chips，cookies，candies and sugary drinks，as all children need to have meals which involve a well­balanced diet.Community nutritionist(营养学家) Thelma Romoso said，“The fruit，the vegetable，the grain，the protein，and also the milk，the diary product，so for the fruits it's easy for a mother to go into the two plus three concept of fruits and vegetables or five a day.” This concept means that there are at least two servings of fruits a day，three servings of vegetables a day which can be served for lunch and dinner.As for protein parents can make a variety of dishes from chicken，beef，fish or even dried beans to make sure the child gets three servings a day. Morris said that the child's hunger level controls how much is eaten and the parent controls what and when the meal is offered，saying，“Mom needs to ensure that the food offered is good food for the child to eat and throughout the day depending on how active they are，snacks(零食) are not a bad thing，so the mom should offer good kinds of snacks.” When it comes to preparing your child's lunch and snacks for school，make sure to keep in mind that the food you provide should not only be a source of energy but also be nutritionally beneficial such as fresh fruits，and whole grain bread.But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be balanced with physical activity，namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。培养健康的饮食习惯要从小开始，所以父母为孩子提供健康的饮食尤为重要。 1．What does the author intend to tell us in the text? A．Fruits and vegetables are good for your child. B．Choose healthy food and snacks for your child. C．Make various and delicious dishes for your child. D．Take steps to provide a good lunch for your child. 解析　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Developing healthy eating habits starts from childhood，therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet.(培养健康的饮食习惯要从小开始，所以父母为孩子提供健康的饮食尤为重要。)”以及下文提到的内容可知，文章主要讲为孩子提供健康的饮食。故选B。 答案　B 2．According to Charlie Morris we can know that . A．sugars and high fat exist in few kinds of food B．active children prefer more and more snacks C．highly processed food should be reduced in daily life D．mothers should prepare delicious food by themselves 解析　细节理解题。根据题干中的Charlie Morris找到文章的第一段的“A healthy diet for a child consists of a lot of fruits and vegetables in the diet limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed food.(孩子的健康饮食包含许多水果和蔬菜，限制简单的糖用量和高脂肪和高精度加工的食品。)”可知，要减少高脂肪和过度加工的食品。故选C。 答案　C 3．Which is NOT true when preparing your child's food for school? A．Physical exercise is as important as a good diet. B．Running and playing when eating is beneficial. C．Fruits and whole grain foods should be included. D．The food must provide energy as well as nutrition. 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“When it comes to preparing your child's lunch and snacks for school，make sure to keep in mind that the food you provide should not only be a source of energy but also be nutritionally beneficial such as fresh fruits，and whole grain bread.But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be balanced with physical activity”可知，父母在准备学校午饭或小吃时要注意三方面：能量、营养和运动。A、C、D选项都符合以上要求。故B选项“吃饭时跑步和玩耍是有益的”错误。故选B。 答案　B 4．It can be inferred from the text that . A．fresh fruits are often ignored by children B．a good nutritional diet may cost too much C．choosing healthy food is linked with income D．parents play an important role in children's diet 解析　推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段的“therefore，it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet”和最后一段的“But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be balanced with physical activity”可知，父母们在孩子的饮食方面起着重要的作用。故选D。 答案　D B According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份)，it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social influence on eating habits，the researchers conducted two experiments.In the first,95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began，each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state，the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit，taking more food than they normally would have.However，they took significantly more when the actor was thin. For the second test，in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case，she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test：the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces. The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more，so will I．Call it the “I'll have what she's having” effect.However，we'll adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion，I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot，I'll follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim，why can't I? [语篇解读]　本文介绍了一项关于就餐同伴的体形和就餐习惯会影响人们的食物摄入量的研究。研究表明“从他心理”的影响的确存在，但人们也会根据自己对就餐同伴的看法有所调整。 5．What is the recent study mainly about? A．Food safety.　　　 B．Movie viewership. C．Consumer demand. D．Eating behavior. 解析　主旨大意题。根据整篇短文的内容特别是第一段中第一句研究的结论可知，文章主要在讲就餐同伴会影响人们的食物摄入量，故选D。 答案　D 6．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons. C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons. 解析　词义猜测题。根据前面“和现存研究的结论‘你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭’相反”可知，我们要避免的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人；还有根据三、四段的两次实验的结果可知，就餐同伴如果苗条且吃得很多的话，就会使同餐者的食物摄入量大增，可知就餐时一定要避免和身材苗条但食物摄入量大的人在一起，不然就会摄入过多的食物。故选D。 答案　D 7．Why did the researchers hire the actor? A．To see how she would affect the participants. B．To test if the participants could recognize her. C．To find out what she would do in the two tests. D．To study why she could keep her weight down. 解析　推理判断题。根据研究的结论可知，雇演员就是为了证明就餐者的食物摄入量是否受就餐同伴的影响，故雇用这个演员的作用就是看看她会如何影响其他就餐者。故选A。 答案　A 8．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph? A．How hungry we are. B．How slim we want to be. C．How we perceive others. D．How we feel about the food. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果一个超重的人吃得很多，就餐同伴就会吃得相对少些，因为看到了大吃的后果；但是如果一个苗条的人吃得多，就会有“他吃得多且能保持苗条，我也可以”的心理，因此调整是建立在如何看待就餐同伴的前提之上的，故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.完形填空 Eating fast food makes people impatient even when they are not short of time，a new study claims. Students in the study became 1 even when shown the logo of burger chain McDonald's so quickly on screen that they could not 2 it. Researchers say that daily exposure to fast food brands could have a subliminal (潜意识的) effect on 3 making people hurry regardless of whether they are pushed for time.They conclude：“Our experiments suggest that the 4 goal of saving time embedded in fast food may have the unexpected consequence of causing hurriedness and impatience.” Thinking about fast food increases 5 for time­saving products.“More 6 ，we found that the mere exposure to fast food symbols reduced people's willingness to save and led them to prefer immediate 7 over greater future return，finally harming their economic interest.” Student volunteers were quickly shown six logos from fast­food chains—McDonald's，Burger King，KFC，Subway，Wendy's and Taco Bell.They could not consciously see what they were but the subliminal effect was 8 .Their reading speed was measured before and after seeing the logos and it was significantly faster afterwards.Participants also preferred time­saving products like three­in­one skincare treatments rather than 9 versions after seeing the logos.When asked weather they would accept a small sum of money immediately or a larger amount in a week's time，they again chose 10 reward after being exposed to the brands. Researcher Chen­Bo Zhong，assistant professor of organizational behaviour at Canada's Toronto University，said：“Fast food represents a culture of time efficiency and immediate 11 .The problem is that the goal of saving time gets activated upon exposure to fast food 12 whether time is a relevant factor in the context.” 13 ，walking faster is time­efficient when one is trying to make a meeting，but it's a sign of impatience when one is taking a walk in the park. “We're finding that the mere exposure to fast food is 14 a general sense of hurriedness and impatience.When I sit in a fast food restaurant，I find myself gobbling (狼吞虎咽) my Big Mac down at this incredible speed even though there is no 15 at all.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了快餐会让人失去耐心，变得不耐烦。 1．A.hungry　　　　　　　 B．stressful C．anxious D．timid 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：参加研究中的学生甚至在屏幕上看到麦当劳汉堡连锁店的标识时，很快就变得焦急起来，以至于他们都没认出它。A.hungry饥饿的；B.stressful有压力的；C.anxious焦虑的，焦急的；D.timid胆小的。上文说一项新研究称，吃快餐会让人失去耐心，即使他们不缺时间，所以此处是说他们变得很焦急，故选C。 答案　C 2．A.recognize B．investigate C．diagnose D．recall 解析　考查动词辨析。句意同上。A.recognize认出，承认；B.investigate调查；C.diagnose诊断；D.recall回忆。这些学生在看到麦当劳汉堡连锁店的标识时很快就变得焦急起来，以至于他们都没认出它，故选A。 答案　A 3．A.motivation B．appearance C．emotion D．behaviour 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：研究人员说，每天接触快餐品牌会对人们的行为产生一种潜意识的影响，使人们无论是否被时间所迫，都会匆忙行事。A.motivation动机；B.appearance出现；C.emotion情感；D.behaviour行为。空后说人们无论是否被时间所迫，都会匆忙行事，这是对人们的行为产生的影响，故选D。 答案　D 4．A.common B．unconscious C．primary D．temporary 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：我们的实验表明，快餐当中蕴含的无意识的节省时间的目标可能会导致匆忙和不耐烦的意外结果。A.common普通的；B.unconscious无意识的；C.primary初级的；D.temporary临时的。根据下文说的只要接触到快餐，节省时间的目标就会被激活可知，快餐当中蕴含的节省时间的目标是无意识的，故选B。 答案　B 5．A.preferences B．implications C．ingredients D．intentions 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：考虑快餐会增加人们对省时产品的偏好。A.preferences偏好；B.implications暗示；C.ingredients(尤指烹饪)原料；D.intentions意图。快餐属于省时食品，因此考虑快餐会增加人们对省时产品的偏爱，故选A。 答案　A 6．A.naturally B．strikingly C．fortunately D．personally 解析　考查副词辨析。句意：更为突出的是，我们发现，仅仅接触快餐符号就降低了人们的储蓄意愿，导致他们宁愿眼前获利，也不愿未来获得更大回报，最终损害了他们的经济利益。A.naturally自然地；B.strikingly显著地；C.fortunately幸运地；D.personally亲自地。与上文说的考虑快餐会增加人们对省时产品的偏好相比，空后的这个发现是更为突出的，故选B。 答案　B 7．A.gain B．proof C．respond D．attention 解析　考查名词辨析。句意同上。A.gain利润、收获；B.proof证据；C.respond回应；D.attention注意。根据空后的“over greater future return”可知，仅仅接触快餐符号就会导致人们宁愿眼前获利，也不愿未来获得更大回报，故选A。 答案　A 8．A.concealed B．imposed C．edited D．marked 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：他们无法有意识地看到它们是什么，但潜意识的影响是显著的。他们的阅读速度在看到商标之前和之后进行了测量，之后明显更快。A.concealed隐蔽的；B.imposed施加的；C.edited编辑过的；D.marked显著的。他们的阅读速度在看到商标之前和之后进行了测量，之后明显更快，这说明对潜意识的影响是显著的，故选D。 答案　D 9．A.separate B．special C．expensive D．original 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：参与者也更喜欢省时的产品，比如三合一的护肤品，而不是单独版本。A.separate各自的，单独的；B.special特别的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.original原始的。根据空前的“three­in­one skincare treatments rather than”可知此处是与三合一的护肤品的比较，指的是单独版本的护肤品，故选A。 答案　A 10．A.potential B．constant C．intense D．instant 解析　考查形容词辨析。句意：当被问及他们会立即接受一小笔钱还是在一周后接受更多的钱时，他们再次选择了立即获得奖励。A.potential潜在的；B.constant不变的；C.intense紧张的；D.instant立即的，紧迫的。上文说仅仅接触快餐符号就降低了人们的储蓄意愿，导致他们宁愿眼前获利，也不愿未来获得更大回报，所以此处是眼前获利的表现，指的是他们选择立即获得奖励，故选D。 答案　D 11．A.cultivation B．resistance C．satisfaction D．awareness 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：快餐代表着一种时间效率和即时满足感的文化。A.cultivation培养；B.resistance阻力；C.satisfaction满意，满足；D.awareness意识。上文说快餐会让人们选择立即的奖励，这说明快餐会给人们带来一种即时满足感，故选C。 答案　C 12．A.in terms of B．on account of C．regardless of D．with respect to 解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：问题是，不管时间是否与环境相关，只要接触到快餐，节省时间的目标就会被激活。A.in terms of依据；B.on account of因为；C.regardless of不管；D.with respect to至于。根据空后的“whether time is a relevant factor in the context”可知，不管时间是否与环境相关，只要接触到快餐，节省时间的目标就会被激活，故选C。 答案　C 13．A.In other words B．On the contrary C．For example D．In addition 解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，当一个人要去开会时，走得更快是有效率的，但是当一个人在公园散步时，这是一种不耐烦的表现。A.In other words换言之；B.On the contrary相反；C.For example例如；D.In addition此外。空后介绍的是一个具体的例子，需要用for example引出，故选C。 答案　C 14．A.promoting B．assuming C．insulting D．assessing 解析　考查动词辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅接触快餐就让人普遍感到匆忙和不耐烦。A.promoting促进，提升；B.assuming假定；C.insulting损害；D.assessing评估。根据空后的“a general sense of hurriedness and impatience”可知，仅仅接触快餐就会造成一种普遍的匆忙和不耐烦的感觉，故选A。 答案　A 15．A.chance B．sense C．rush D．harm 解析　考查名词辨析。句意：当我坐在一家快餐店时，我发现自己正以惊人的速度狼吞虎咽地吃着我的巨无霸，尽管根本不着急。A.chance可能性；B.sense意义；C.rush 匆促；D.harm损害。根据“even though”可知，尽管我并不着急，我还是狼吞虎咽地吃巨无霸，故选C。 答案　C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $