精品解析：湖南省长沙市第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期入学考试英语试题

长沙市第一中学2025—2026 学年度高二第一学期入学考试 英 语 命题人：刘皎莉 赵津 周岐 审卷人：刘皎莉 时量:80分钟 满分:150分 得分： 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后、你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是答案C。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a police station. B. At a ticket office. C. At a post office. 2. What did the man buy for his sister? A. A shirt. B. Some jewels. C. Two books. 3. What has recently caught the man’s interest? A. Areas with little rainfall. B. Places full of animals. C. Regions full of plants, 4. How did the man travel to Japan with Fred? A. By planc. B. By ship. C. By train. 5. What does the man struggle with? A. Writing good sentence structures.· B. Using the right verb tenses. C. Choosing the right words.. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Doing some reading. B. Writing a paper. C. Enjoying the music. 7. What does the man do in the end? A. Turn off the radio. B. Play some soft music. C. Buy a book. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man probably doing? A. Writing his school paper. B. Doing the housework. C. Watching TV. 9. What time is it now?· A About 6:00. B. About 6:30. C. About 7:00. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Teacher anc 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers probably? A In a library. B. In an office. C. In a lab. 12. Why is the man puzzled? A His essay was scored high.· B. He made a great change.· C. His experiment was a success. 13. What does the woman give to the man? A. A special topic. B. A highly original essay. C. A position of the research group. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. She is on holiday. B. She is borrowing a book.· C. She is introducing a writer. 15. What is the book mainly about? A. College education. B. Career progress. C. Financial plum 16. What does the woman think of the book? A. It’s practical. B. It’s complex. C. It’s expensite. 17. How can the book help the man? A. It can help master study-skills. B. It can help improve his life quality. C. It can help get along well with his co-workers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What drove Danicl to start the experiment? A. The lack of recycling choices. B. The request of the government. C. The cost of decling with plastic. 19. Who helped Danicl with the experiment? A. The locals. B. An official. C. A scientist. 20. What did Danicl do after the experiment? A. He published a new book. B He launched a green project. C. He moved to a different town. 第二部分 阅读(共两节、满分30分) 第一节 (共8小题;每小题2.5分、满分20分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In the current educational landscape, cooperative learning has emerged as a popular teaching method. Instead of studying alone, students are grouped together to complete tasks, exchange ideas, and learn from one another. While many educators believe it offers numerous benefits, there are also challenges that come with this approach. Dr. Laura Harris, a renowned education researcher, states, “Cooperative learning is not just about group work; it’s a dynamic process that can significantly enhance students’ social skills, critical thinking, and overall academic performance. It creates an environment where students actively engage with each other, which is essential for their growth.” However, she also acknowledges that proper guidance and organization are crucial for its success. One of the key advantages of cooperative learning lies in its ability to foster social interaction. When students work in groups, they learn to communicate effectively, listen to different perspectives, and resolve conflicts. For example, in a literature discussion group, students may have varying interpretations of a novel. Through dialogue, they can expand their understanding, learn to respect others’ viewpoints, and improve their own analytical skills. Cognitive psychologists explain that cooperative learning also promotes deeper learning. According to the Social Constructivism Theory, knowledge is constructed through social interaction. When students collaborate, they build on each other’s ideas, challenge assumptions, and construct new knowledge together. This process encourages active thinking, rather than passive absorption of information. Despite these benefits cooperative learning is not without its problems. Some students may become free riders, relying on their group members to do most of the work. Others might struggle to express their opinions in a group setting, especially if the group dynamics are not well-managed. Additionally, teachers need to carefully design group tasks and monitor the progress to ensure that every student is actively involved. To address these challenges, educators can adopt several strategies. For instance, clearly defining individual responsibilities within the group can prevent free-riding behavior. Encouraging equal participation through rotating leadership roles and creating a safe and inclusive atmosphere can help shy students feel more comfortable sharing their thoughts. In conclusion, cooperative learning has the potential to transform the learning experience. By understanding its benefits and challenges, and implementing appropriate strategies, educators can harness its power to create a more engaging and effective learning environment. After all, learning is not a solitary journey, but a collaborative adventure. 1. What is Dr. Laura Harris’s attitude towards cooperative learning? A. Critical. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive. D. Neutral. 2. How does cooperative learning promote deeper learning according to the text? A. By increasing the amount of information students receive. B. By enabling students to construct knowledge through social interaction. C. By reducing the time students spend on passive learning. D. By forcing students to accept different viewpoints. 3. Why are problems in cooperative learning mentioned in the text? A. To prove that cooperative learning is not suitable for all students. B. To show that it is more difficult to implement than expected. C. To emphasize the importance of addressing these issues for its success. D. To compare it with other teaching methods. 4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Cooperative learning should replace traditional individual learning completely. B. Students should be left to manage group tasks on their own. C. Teachers play a minor role in the success of cooperative learning. D. With proper handling, cooperative learning can greatly benefit students. B When we’re tired or injured, we often go to bed earlier to recharge and mend our bodies. That’s because we often think that night is a golden time to deal with stress or injuries. But is it true? Nathaniel Hoyle, a scientist of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, UK, has been leading a study into this topic. The team discovered that fibroblast cells (成纤维细胞) in the body switch off at night. These cells help close up a wound after the skin is broken and lay a foundation for new skin to grow. Why exactly are these cells less active at night? It’s all to do with your body’s circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythm — a 24-hour internal clock that helps your cells do their jobs on time. New Scientist reported that a group of 30 genes that control the fibroblasts worked only daytime shifts, causing the slower healing process at night. To test its theory, the Cambridge-based team examined data from the International Burn Injury Database, which records details of burn victims around the world. This analysis revealed that nighttime burns, on average, took 11 more days to heal than burns during the day. A similar result occurred while experimenting using live mice. Those that were cut during night-time hours recovered more slowly than those during the day. “You can see by eyes, when the cell is wounded only 8 hours apart from each other, in different circadian periods, the daytime wounded ones take off, and the nighttime ones drag,” research team member John O’ Neill told Science Alert. He added, “The time-varying response may be an evolutionary adaptation. As people are more likely to sustain injuries when awake than when sleeping, perhaps our bodies are prepared to respond more quickly in the daytime.” He went on to say that it could be beneficial to schedule surgeries in time with people’s circadian rhythms, earlier for early birds and later for night owls, in order to lessen recovery time. However, in any case, it might be best not to use anything sharp once the sun goes down. 5. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To explain how we recharge our bodies. B. To arouse the interest of the readers in the topic. C. To prove that everyone suffers stress and injuries. D. To introduce a new discovery for dealing with stress. 6. What do the researchers find during their research? A. Burns take the same time to heal regardless of their cut time. B. Fibroblast cells boost the healing by working nighttime shift. C. Mice respond differently in the healing process from humans. D. A body’s circadian rhythm matters in waking up fibroblast cells. 7. What can we learn according to John O’ Neill? A. People tend to bear pain more when they are asleep. B. Sharp knives are not suggested in the middle of the day. C. Night owls operated on in the nighttime may recover sooner. D. Evolution adaptation causes people’s time-varying responses. 8. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. Why We Heal Injuries Better in the Daytime B. A Research Offers Clues to Treating Injuries C. How We Heal Wounds and Injuries Effectively D. Scientists Unlock the Secret to Avoiding Injuries 第二节 ..(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Night photography is a fascinating art form that allows you to showcase the beauty of landscapes at night. ___9___ The good news is that learning a few simple techniques can help you create amazing images that reveal the magic of the night. The key to night photography is working with light. ___10___ Look for soft, balanced light that doesn’t create too bright spots or too dark areas. Good examples are distant streetlights or a single lamp under a roof. These lights spread nicely and help show details in both bright and dark parts of your photo. ___11___ During a long exposure, move a flashlight or other light source around to “draw” light trails (光轨) in your photo. This technique can create enjoyable and distinctive effects. It’s a fun and experimental way to play with light and shadow, resulting in photos that are both artistic and visually engaging. Beyond technical settings, don’t forget composition — it’s essential for powerful images. ___12___ For example, urban scenes provide a dynamic contrast between moving traffic and still architecture, while highways work well for light trails. The flow of vehicle lights will create breathtaking trails, which contributes to a fascinating visual structure. Night photography might seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques, it’s easy to get great results. Whether you’re shooting stars or something more abstract, the key is to experiment and have fun. ___13___ A. This requires smart light choices. B. It unlocks a world of creative possibilities. C. To create better photos, try using natural lights. D. While endlessly creative, it also has technical challenges. E. For something more artistic, experiment with light painting. F. When building your image, consider how movement and light interact. G. Now grab your camera and start exploring the magic of night photography! 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Let’s swing in the swing!” said Avery. The children ran to the barn. Mr. Zuckerman had the best swing in the ____14____. It was a single long piece of heavy rope tied to the beam over the north ____15____. At the bottom end of the rope was a fat knot to ____16____ on. It was arranged so that you could swing without being ____17____. You climbed a ladder to the hayloft. Then, holding the rope, you stood at the ____18____ and looked down, and were scared and ____19____. Then you straddled the knot, so that it acted as a ____20____. Then you got up all your nerve, took a deep breath, and jumped. For a second you seemed to be falling to the barn floor far below, but then suddenly the rope would begin to ____21____ you, and you would sail through the barn door going a mile a(n) ____22____, with the wind whistling in your eyes and ears and hair. Then you would zoom _____23_____ into the sky, and look up at the clouds, and the rope would twist and you would twist and turn with the _____24_____. Then you would drop down, down, down out of the sky and come sailing back into the barn almost into the hayloft, then sail out again (not quite so far this time), then in again (not quite so high), then out again, then in again, then out, then in; and then you’d _____25_____ and fall down to let somebody else _____26_____ it. Mothers for miles around worried about Zuckerman’s swing. They feared _____27_____ children would fall off. But no child ever did. Children almost always hang onto things _____28_____ than their parents think they will. 14. A. nation B. county C. city D. continent 15. A. doorway B. window C. hayloft D. wall 16. A. lie B. stand C. sit D. fly 17. A. pushed B. warned C. disturbed D. scared 18. A. back B. beam C. stage D. edge 19. A. relieved B. dizzy C. confused D. frustrated 20. A. walking stick B. stepping stone C. table D. seat 21. A. catch B. touch C. throw D. leave 22. A. second B. minute C. hour D. day 23. A. forward B. backward C. upward D. downward 24. A. rope B. barn C. cloud D. wind 25. A. crouch down B. charge down C. run off D. jump off 26. A. seize B. try C. keep D. move 27. A. every B. either C. another D. some 28. A. sooner B. tighter C. more naturally D. more confidently 第四部分 词汇(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 单选题：选出以下单词的中文意思。 选出以下单词的中文意思。 29. generate A. v.产生，引起 B. v.消化；领会 C. v.降低 D. v.与……相关联 30. vary A. a. & adv.正；非常 B. v.变化，变更 C. v.使钦佩 D. a.种类多的 31. plain A. a.朴素的，简单的 B. n.薄片，片 C. n.奶油，乳脂 D. a.不受约束的 32. essential A. a.精致的，精细的 B. a.民间的 C. a.酸的；馊的 D. a.必不可少的；本质的 33. damp A. a.遥远的 B. a.乡村的 C. a.潮湿的，湿气重的 D. a.令人愉快的 34. exaggeration A. n.恩情；借款 B. n.激增；繁荣 C. n.自由 D. n.夸张，夸大 35. glorious A. a.荣耀的，光荣的 B. a.棘手的 C. a.引人注目的 D. a.内心的，隐藏的 36. allowance A. n.传说，传奇故事 B. n.津贴，补助；零花钱 C. n.允许；准许 D. n.耐心，忍耐力 37. encounter A. v.深深吸引 B. v.投射 C. v.偶然碰到，意外地遇见 D. v.敢于，胆敢 38. entitle A. v.给……命名；使享有权利 B. v.是……的特征 C. v.& n.拐弯；弯曲 D. v.把……关在笼中 39. perspective A. n.展览，展出 B. n.危机，危急关头 C. n.透视法；态度、观点 D. n.检查，查看 40. landscape A. n.阴影部分；色度 B. n.职业，事业 C. n.展览馆，画廊 D. n.乡村风景画；风景，景色 41. campaign A. n.活动；战役 B. n.建筑设计，建筑风格 C. n.环境，背景 D. n.像素 42. desperate A. a.非凡的 B. a.难过的，失望的 C. a.特别的，不寻常的 D. a.绝望的；不惜冒险的 43. transform A. v.（使）变形，（使）改观 B. v.运输 C. v.蒸；散发蒸汽 D. v.使融合；使结合，使混合 第二节 (共35小题;每小题1分，满分35分) 请将以下中文翻译成英文，每空一词。 汉译英 44. n.容器________ 45. a.人工的,人造的 ________ 46. n.观众,听众 ________ 47. a.有免疫力;不受影响的 ________ 48. v. &n.(有)吸引力;申诉;呼吁 ________ 49. n.描述,形容,说明 ________ 50. n.新郎 ________ 51. n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量 ________ 52. n.自传________ 53. n.周年纪念日 ________ 54. n.吸毒上瘾的人;对……着迷的人 ________ 55. n.材料;素材a.物质的 ________ 汉译英 56. n.数字；人物；体型，身材 ________ 57. n.担心，忧虑；关心 v.涉及 ________ 58. a.可供替代的；非传统的________ 59. v.(感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 ________ 60. n.含酒精饮料，酒 ________ 61. v.包，裹；(用胳膊、腿等)抱 ________ 62. a.消极的，负面的；坏的 ________ 63. n.闲暇，业余时间 ________ 64. n.灭绝，绝种 ________ 65. n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅________ 66. n.生物多样性 ________ 67. n.委员会 ________ 68. a.经济(上)的；可赚钱的 ________ 汉译英 69. v. 建立，创立；得到认可 ________ 70. n. 柱状物；栏；专栏 ________ 71. n. 栖息地；生长地 ________ 72. n. 程序，步骤，手续 ________ 73. v.&n. 声称；索要；认领 ________ 74. v. 修改；修订；复习 ________ 75. n. 电，电能 ________ 76. a. 脑力的 n.知识分子 ________ 77. n. 无知 ________ 78. v. 说明，解释；加插图于 ________ 第五部分 小说 Charlotte’s Web(共两节,满分35分) 第一节 (共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 小说句子复现;请根据句意将括号内的中文翻译成英文，每空1个单词。 79. As she approached her chair, the carton wobbled, and there was a ________ (抓挠的) noise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 80. She would __________（挥手）goodbye to him, and he would stand and watch the bus until it vanished around a turn. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 81. The horses, in their stalls in the barn, ________up (竖起) their ears when they heard the goose hollering. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 82. Lurvy dumped the slops, ________ (刮) the pail, and walked away. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 83. Wilbur ________ (脸红了). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 84. “What time is it?” ________ (耳语，低声说) Wilbur to the goose. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 85. That afternoon, when the wind ________ down (渐弱), the barnyard was quiet and warm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 86. Wilbur ________ (伸懒腰) out on his side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 87. “Of course you don’t,” said Charlotte in a ________ (安慰的) voice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 88. “Leave it alone!” ________ (命令道) Fern. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 89. Mrs. Zuckerman ________ (跌坐) into a chair. She looked pale and frightened. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 90. Wilbur, who really felt terrific, stood quietly swelling out his ________ (胸膛) and swinging his snout from side to side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 91. “Another summer gone,” she ________ (叹息道). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 92. Even on the most beautiful days in the whole year — the days when summer is changing into fall — the crickets ________ (散布) the rumor of sadness and change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 93. Charlotte got so interested, and she ________ (降低) herself on a dragline so she could see better. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 94. “Good,” said Charlotte, ________ (眨眼示意) at the old sheep. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 95. Fern climbed into the pen and ________ (跪下) by Wilbur’s side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 96. Then he ________ (撕下) a word out of the paper, rolled it up, and started back to Wilbur’s pen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 97. The children felt refreshed after their ________ (小睡). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 98. “You ought to be ashamed of yourself,” said Charlotte in ________ (厌恶). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节 (共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 请根据小说 Charlotte’s Web 的内容用英文回答问题。 119. What did Fern do to take care of her newborn pig? ________________________________ 120. According to Charlotte, what would happen if she didn’t eat bugs? ________________________________ 121. What was the pig’s name that was in the pen next to Wilbur? ________________________________ 122. What happened to Wilbur during the long speech? ________________________________ 123. How did Wilbur carry the precious egg sac back to the barn? ________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 长沙市第一中学2025—2026 学年度高二第一学期入学考试 英 语 命题人：刘皎莉 赵津 周岐 审卷人：刘皎莉 时量:80分钟 满分:150分 得分： 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题、从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后、你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是答案C。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a police station. B. At a ticket office. C. At a post office. 2. What did the man buy for his sister? A. A shirt. B. Some jewels. C. Two books. 3. What has recently caught the man’s interest? A. Areas with little rainfall. B. Places full of animals. C. Regions full of plants, 4. How did the man travel to Japan with Fred? A. By planc. B. By ship. C. By train. 5. What does the man struggle with? A. Writing good sentence structures.· B. Using the right verb tenses. C. Choosing the right words.. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Doing some reading. B. Writing a paper. C. Enjoying the music. 7. What does the man do in the end? A. Turn off the radio. B. Play some soft music. C. Buy a book. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man probably doing? A. Writing his school paper. B. Doing the housework. C. Watching TV. 9. What time is it now?· A. About 6:00. B. About 6:30. C. About 7:00. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Teacher anc 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a library. B. In an office. C. In a lab. 12. Why is the man puzzled? A. His essay was scored high.· B. He made a great change.· C. His experiment was a success. 13. What does the woman give to the man? A. A special topic. B. A highly original essay. C. A position of the research group. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. She is on holiday. B. She is borrowing a book.· C. She is introducing a writer. 15. What is the book mainly about? A. College education. B. Career progress. C. Financial plum 16. What does the woman think of the book? A. It’s practical. B. It’s complex. C. It’s expensite. 17. How can the book help the man? A. It can help master study-skills. B. It can help improve his life quality. C. It can help get along well with his co-workers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What drove Danicl to start the experiment? A. The lack of recycling choices. B. The request of the government. C. The cost of decling with plastic. 19. Who helped Danicl with the experiment? A. The locals. B. An official. C. A scientist. 20. What did Danicl do after the experiment? A. He published a new book. B. He launched a green project. C. He moved to a different town. 第二部分 阅读(共两节、满分30分) 第一节 (共8小题;每小题2.5分、满分20分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In the current educational landscape, cooperative learning has emerged as a popular teaching method. Instead of studying alone, students are grouped together to complete tasks, exchange ideas, and learn from one another. While many educators believe it offers numerous benefits, there are also challenges that come with this approach. Dr. Laura Harris, a renowned education researcher, states, “Cooperative learning is not just about group work; it’s a dynamic process that can significantly enhance students’ social skills, critical thinking, and overall academic performance. It creates an environment where students actively engage with each other, which is essential for their growth.” However, she also acknowledges that proper guidance and organization are crucial for its success. One of the key advantages of cooperative learning lies in its ability to foster social interaction. When students work in groups, they learn to communicate effectively, listen to different perspectives, and resolve conflicts. For example, in a literature discussion group, students may have varying interpretations of a novel. Through dialogue, they can expand their understanding, learn to respect others’ viewpoints, and improve their own analytical skills. Cognitive psychologists explain that cooperative learning also promotes deeper learning. According to the Social Constructivism Theory, knowledge is constructed through social interaction. When students collaborate, they build on each other’s ideas, challenge assumptions, and construct new knowledge together. This process encourages active thinking, rather than passive absorption of information. Despite these benefits, cooperative learning is not without its problems. Some students may become free riders, relying on their group members to do most of the work. Others might struggle to express their opinions in a group setting, especially if the group dynamics are not well-managed. Additionally, teachers need to carefully design group tasks and monitor the progress to ensure that every student is actively involved. To address these challenges, educators can adopt several strategies. For instance, clearly defining individual responsibilities within the group can prevent free-riding behavior. Encouraging equal participation through rotating leadership roles and creating a safe and inclusive atmosphere can help shy students feel more comfortable sharing their thoughts. In conclusion, cooperative learning has the potential to transform the learning experience. By understanding its benefits and challenges, and implementing appropriate strategies, educators can harness its power to create a more engaging and effective learning environment. After all, learning is not a solitary journey, but a collaborative adventure. 1. What is Dr. Laura Harris’s attitude towards cooperative learning? A. Critical. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive. D. Neutral. 2. How does cooperative learning promote deeper learning according to the text? A. By increasing the amount of information students receive. B. By enabling students to construct knowledge through social interaction. C. By reducing the time students spend on passive learning. D. By forcing students to accept different viewpoints. 3. Why are problems in cooperative learning mentioned in the text? A. To prove that cooperative learning is not suitable for all students. B. To show that it is more difficult to implement than expected. C. To emphasize the importance of addressing these issues for its success. D. To compare it with other teaching methods. 4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Cooperative learning should replace traditional individual learning completely. B. Students should be left to manage group tasks on their own. C. Teachers play a minor role in the success of cooperative learning. D. With proper handling, cooperative learning can greatly benefit students. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了合作学习的教学方法，阐述了其优势、面临的问题，并提出了解决问题的策略。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Cooperative learning is not just about group work; it’s a dynamic process that can significantly enhance students’ social skills, critical thinking, and overall academic performance.(合作学习并不仅仅是指小组活动；它是一个动态的过程，能够显著提升学生的社交能力、批判性思维以及整体学业成绩)”可推知， Laura Harris对合作学习的态度是支持的，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“According to the Social Constructivism Theory, knowledge is constructed through social interaction. When students collaborate, they build on each other’s ideas, challenge assumptions, and construct new knowledge together.(根据社会建构主义理论，知识是通过社会互动而构建出来的。当学生进行合作时，他们会相互借鉴观点、质疑假设，并共同构建新的知识)”可知，合作学习通过让学生在社交互动中构建知识，从而促进深度学习，故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“To address these challenges, educators can adopt several strategies. For instance, clearly defining individual responsibilities within the group can prevent free-riding behavior. Encouraging equal participation through rotating leadership roles and creating a safe and inclusive atmosphere can help shy students feel more comfortable sharing their thoughts.(为应对这些挑战，教育工作者可以采取多种策略。例如，明确界定小组内每个人的职责可以防止“搭便车”行为。通过轮换领导角色以及营造安全和包容的氛围来鼓励平等参与，可以帮助害羞的学生更自在地表达自己的想法)”可知，解决了这些问题，合作学习才能是高效的。由此推知，提及这些问题是为了强调解决这些问题对合作学习成功的重要性，故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“By understanding its benefits and challenges, and implementing appropriate strategies, educators can harness its power to create a more engaging and effective learning environment.(通过了解其优势和挑战，并采取适当的策略，教育工作者能够充分利用其力量，营造出更具吸引力和更高效的学习环境)”可推知，作者暗示如果处理得当，合作学习能让学生受益匪浅，故选D。 B When we’re tired or injured, we often go to bed earlier to recharge and mend our bodies. That’s because we often think that night is a golden time to deal with stress or injuries. But is it true? Nathaniel Hoyle, a scientist of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, UK, has been leading a study into this topic. The team discovered that fibroblast cells (成纤维细胞) in the body switch off at night. These cells help close up a wound after the skin is broken and lay a foundation for new skin to grow. Why exactly are these cells less active at night? It’s all to do with your body’s circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythm — a 24-hour internal clock that helps your cells do their jobs on time. New Scientist reported that a group of 30 genes that control the fibroblasts worked only daytime shifts, causing the slower healing process at night. To test its theory, the Cambridge-based team examined data from the International Burn Injury Database, which records details of burn victims around the world. This analysis revealed that nighttime burns, on average, took 11 more days to heal than burns during the day. A similar result occurred while experimenting using live mice. Those that were cut during night-time hours recovered more slowly than those during the day. “You can see by eyes, when the cell is wounded only 8 hours apart from each other, in different circadian periods, the daytime wounded ones take off, and the nighttime ones drag,” research team member John O’ Neill told Science Alert. He added, “The time-varying response may be an evolutionary adaptation. As people are more likely to sustain injuries when awake than when sleeping, perhaps our bodies are prepared to respond more quickly in the daytime.” He went on to say that it could be beneficial to schedule surgeries in time with people’s circadian rhythms, earlier for early birds and later for night owls, in order to lessen recovery time. However, in any case, it might be best not to use anything sharp once the sun goes down. 5. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To explain how we recharge our bodies. B. To arouse the interest of the readers in the topic. C. To prove that everyone suffers stress and injuries. D. To introduce a new discovery for dealing with stress. 6 What do the researchers find during their research? A. Burns take the same time to heal regardless of their cut time. B. Fibroblast cells boost the healing by working nighttime shift. C. Mice respond differently in the healing process from humans. D. A body’s circadian rhythm matters in waking up fibroblast cells. 7. What can we learn according to John O’ Neill? A. People tend to bear pain more when they are asleep. B. Sharp knives are not suggested in the middle of the day. C. Night owls operated on in the nighttime may recover sooner. D. Evolution adaptation causes people’s time-varying responses. 8. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. Why We Heal Injuries Better in the Daytime B. A Research Offers Clues to Treating Injuries C. How We Heal Wounds and Injuries Effectively D Scientists Unlock the Secret to Avoiding Injuries 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为何白天伤口愈合更快。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“When we’re tired or injured, we often go to bed earlier to recharge and mend our bodies. That’s because we often think that night is a golden time to deal with stress or injuries. But is it true? (当我们感到疲惫或受伤时，我们往往会早睡以恢复精力、修复身体。这是因为我们常常认为夜晚是应对压力或处理伤口的黄金时间。但这是真的吗？)”可知，第一段通过提出问题，引发读者对于“夜晚是否是应对压力或受伤的黄金时间”这一话题的兴趣，从而引出下文的研究内容。所以第一段的目的是激发读者对这个话题的兴趣。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段“It’s all to do with your body’s circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythm — a 24-hour internal clock that helps your cells do their jobs on time. New Scientist reported that a group of 30 genes that control the fibroblasts worked only daytime shifts, causing the slower healing process at night. (这与我们身体的昼夜节律有关——一个24小时的内部时钟，帮助我们的细胞按时完成工作。《新科学家》杂志报道，一组控制成纤维细胞的30个基因只在白天工作，导致夜间伤口愈合过程较慢)”可知，研究人员在他们的研究中发现身体的昼夜节律对唤醒成纤维细胞很重要。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“He added, “The time-varying response may be an evolutionary adaptation. As people are more likely to sustain injuries when awake than when sleeping, perhaps our bodies are prepared to respond more quickly in the daytime.” (他补充说：“这种随时间变化的反应可能是一种进化适应。因为人们在清醒时比睡觉时更容易受伤，也许我们的身体已经做好了在白天更快做出反应的准备。”)”可知，根据John O’ Neill的话，我们可以了解到进化适应导致人们的时变反应。故选D。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When we’re tired or injured, we often go to bed earlier to recharge and mend our bodies. That’s because we often think that night is a golden time to deal with stress or injuries. But is it true? (当我们感到疲惫或受伤时，我们往往会早睡以恢复精力、修复身体。这是因为我们常常认为夜晚是应对压力或处理伤口的黄金时间。但这是真的吗？)”以及第三段“It’s all to do with your body’s circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythm — a 24-hour internal clock that helps your cells do their jobs on time. New Scientist reported that a group of 30 genes that control the fibroblasts worked only daytime shifts, causing the slower healing process at night. (这与我们身体的昼夜节律有关——一个24小时的内部时钟，帮助我们的细胞按时完成工作。《新科学家》杂志报道，一组控制成纤维细胞的30个基因只在白天工作，导致夜间伤口愈合过程较慢)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现我们白天的伤口愈合得更好，这与身体的昼夜节律有关。所以A项“Why We Heal Injuries Better in the Daytime (为什么我们白天伤口愈合得更好)”适合作为本文标题。故选A。 第二节 ..(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Night photography is a fascinating art form that allows you to showcase the beauty of landscapes at night. ___9___ The good news is that learning a few simple techniques can help you create amazing images that reveal the magic of the night. The key to night photography is working with light. ___10___ Look for soft, balanced light that doesn’t create too bright spots or too dark areas. Good examples are distant streetlights or a single lamp under a roof. These lights spread nicely and help show details in both bright and dark parts of your photo. ___11___ During a long exposure, move a flashlight or other light source around to “draw” light trails (光轨) in your photo. This technique can create enjoyable and distinctive effects. It’s a fun and experimental way to play with light and shadow, resulting in photos that are both artistic and visually engaging. Beyond technical settings, don’t forget composition — it’s essential for powerful images. ___12___ For example, urban scenes provide a dynamic contrast between moving traffic and still architecture, while highways work well for light trails. The flow of vehicle lights will create breathtaking trails, which contributes to a fascinating visual structure. Night photography might seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques, it’s easy to get great results. Whether you’re shooting stars or something more abstract, the key is to experiment and have fun. ___13___ A. This requires smart light choices. B. It unlocks a world of creative possibilities. C. To create better photos, try using natural lights. D. While endlessly creative, it also has technical challenges. E. For something more artistic, experiment with light painting. F. When building your image, consider how movement and light interact. G. Now grab your camera and start exploring the magic of night photography! 【答案】9. D 10. A 11. E 12. F 13. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要针对夜间摄影提出的一些方法和建议。 【9题详解】 根据后文“The good news is that learning a few simple techniques can help you create amazing images that reveal the magic of the night.(好消息是，学习一些简单的技巧可以帮助你创造出令人惊叹的图像，揭示夜晚的魔力)”可知，后文提到需要学习简单技巧，说明夜景摄影有技术挑战。故D选项“虽然创意无穷，但也有技术上的挑战”符合语境。故选D。 【10题详解】 根据后文“Look for soft, balanced light that doesn’t create too bright spots or too dark areas. Good examples are distant streetlights or a single lamp under a roof. These lights spread nicely and help show details in both bright and dark parts of your photo.(寻找柔和、平衡的光线，不要造成太亮或太暗的区域。远处的街灯或屋顶下的一盏灯就是很好的例子。这些光线很好地扩散，有助于在照片的明亮和黑暗部分显示细节)”可知，后文主要说明了光线的选择问题，A选项light choices对应后文对光线选择的具体建议。故A选项“这需要明智地选择灯具”符合语境。故选A。 【11题详解】 根据后文“During a long exposure, move a flashlight or other light source around to “draw” light trails (光轨) in your photo. This technique can create enjoyable and distinctive effects. It’s a fun and experimental way to play with light and shadow, resulting in photos that are both artistic and visually engaging.(在长时间曝光期间，移动手电筒或其他光源，在照片中“绘制”光迹。这种技术可以创造出令人愉快和独特的效果。这是一种有趣和实验性的光影游戏方式，结果是照片既具有艺术性又具有视觉吸引力)”可知，本段主要围绕光绘技巧，E选项light painting对应后文“draw” light trails。故E选项“想要更有艺术性的东西，可以尝试光画”符合语境。故选E。 【12题详解】 根据上文“Beyond technical settings, don’t forget composition — it’s essential for powerful images.(除了技术设置之外，不要忘记构图——这对于强大的图像至关重要)”可知，上文提到了构图的重要性，本句具体说明如何构图。故F选项“在构建图像时，考虑运动和光线的相互作用”符合语境。故选F。 【13题详解】 根据上文“Night photography might seem challenging at first, but with the right techniques, it’s easy to get great results. Whether you’re shooting stars or something more abstract, the key is to experiment and have fun.(夜间摄影一开始可能看起来很有挑战性，但使用正确的技术，很容易得到很好的结果。无论你是流星还是更抽象的东西，关键是要尝试并享受乐趣)”可知，结尾段鼓励行动，即建议开始尝试夜间摄影。故G选项“现在拿起你的相机，开始探索神奇的夜间摄影！”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Let’s swing in the swing!” said Avery. The children ran to the barn. Mr. Zuckerman had the best swing in the ____14____. It was a single long piece of heavy rope tied to the beam over the north ____15____. At the bottom end of the rope was a fat knot to ____16____ on. It was arranged so that you could swing without being ____17____. You climbed a ladder to the hayloft. Then, holding the rope, you stood at the ____18____ and looked down, and were scared and ____19____. Then you straddled the knot, so that it acted as a ____20____. Then you got up all your nerve, took a deep breath, and jumped. For a second you seemed to be falling to the barn floor far below, but then suddenly the rope would begin to ____21____ you, and you would sail through the barn door going a mile a(n) ____22____, with the wind whistling in your eyes and ears and hair. Then you would zoom _____23_____ into the sky, and look up at the clouds, and the rope would twist and you would twist and turn with the _____24_____. Then you would drop down, down, down out of the sky and come sailing back into the barn almost into the hayloft, then sail out again (not quite so far this time), then in again (not quite so high), then out again, then in again, then out, then in; and then you’d _____25_____ and fall down to let somebody else _____26_____ it. Mothers for miles around worried about Zuckerman’s swing. They feared _____27_____ children would fall off. But no child ever did. Children almost always hang onto things _____28_____ than their parents think they will. 14. A. nation B. county C. city D. continent 15. A. doorway B. window C. hayloft D. wall 16. A. lie B. stand C. sit D. fly 17. A. pushed B. warned C. disturbed D. scared 18. A. back B. beam C. stage D. edge 19. A. relieved B. dizzy C. confused D. frustrated 20. A. walking stick B. stepping stone C. table D. seat 21. A. catch B. touch C. throw D. leave 22. A. second B. minute C. hour D. day 23. A. forward B. backward C. upward D. downward 24. A. rope B. barn C. cloud D. wind 25. A. crouch down B. charge down C. run off D. jump off 26. A. seize B. try C. keep D. move 27. A. every B. either C. another D. some 28. A. sooner B. tighter C. more naturally D. more confidently 【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孩子们热衷于在祖克曼先生谷仓里的秋千上玩耍的场景，详细描述了荡秋千的过程，同时提及周围母亲们对秋千安全性的担忧，但事实上从未有孩子因此受伤，体现出孩子比父母想象中更能保护自己。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：祖克曼先生有一个在县里最好的秋千。A. nation国家；B. county县；C. city城市；D. continent大陆。根据下文“Mothers for miles around worried about Zuckerman’s swing.”可知，关注秋千的范围是“几英里内”，属于“县”级别的地域范围。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。​句意：它是一根长长的粗绳子，系在北边门口上方的横梁上。​A. doorway门口；B. window窗户；C. hayloft干草棚；D. wall墙。​根据后文“and you would sail through the barn door going a mile ”可知，秋千能实现“飞过谷仓门”这一动作，表明绳子所处位置与“门口”紧密相关。只有将绳子系在“北边门口上方的横梁”上，才符合从门口荡进荡出的实际场景。故选A。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。​句意：绳子的下端有一个粗绳结，可以坐在上面。​A. lie躺；B. stand站；C. sit坐；D. fly飞。​依据后文“Then you straddled the knot”，“跨坐”这一动作清晰地对应了“坐在绳结上”的行为。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。​句意：它被设置成你可以荡秋千而不会被推。​A. pushed推；B. warned警告；C. disturbed打扰；D. scared害怕。​结合常识与语境，通常情况下秋千需要他人推动才能开始摆动，然而此处描述的秋千具有特殊设置，即“无需被推就能自行荡起来”，这与秋千的“设置方式”特点相契合。​故选A。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。​句意：然后，你握着绳子，站在边缘往下看，会感到害怕和头晕。​A. back背部；B. beam横梁；C. stage舞台；D. edge边缘。​根据前文“You climbed a ladder to the hayloft.”，可知孩子此时处于干草棚上准备荡秋千。在这种情境下，只有“站在边缘”，才能够“往下看”，看到下方的谷仓地面。​故选D。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。​句意：然后，你握着绳子，站在边缘往下看，会感到害怕和头晕。​A. relieved宽慰的；B. dizzy头晕的；C. confused困惑的；D. frustrated沮丧的。​基于常识，当人站在高处（如干草棚边缘）往下看时，除了本能地产生“害怕”情绪外，还会因高度原因引发“头晕”的生理反应。​故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。​句意：然后你跨坐在绳结上，这样它就充当了一个座位。​A. walking stick手杖；B. stepping stone垫脚石；C. table桌子；D. seat座位。​结合前文提到的“It was a single long piece of heavy rope tied to the beam”以及“Then you straddled the knot,”的动作描述，很明显绳结在此处的作用是为了让人“坐”，其功能等同于“座位” ​故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。​句意：有一秒钟，你似乎要掉到下面的谷仓地板上，但突然间，绳子开始抓住你，你会以每分钟一英里的速度穿过谷仓的门。A. catch抓住，拉住；B. touch触摸；C. throw扔；D. leave离开。​根据前文“For a second you seemed to be falling to the barn floor far below”以及转折词“but”所表达的逻辑关系，可知在人即将掉落的关键时刻，绳子会发挥作用，“拉住”人以避免掉落。​故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。​句意：有一秒钟，你似乎要掉到下面的谷仓地板上，但突然间，绳子开始抓住你，你会以每分钟一英里的速度穿过谷仓的门。A. second秒；B. minute分钟；C. hour小时；D. day天。​从语境来看，此处重点是形容秋千荡动时的速度极快。“每分钟一英里” 这种合理的表述，能够很好地体现出秋千快速飞过谷仓门的场景。​故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。​句意：然后你会向上飞进天空，抬头看着云彩，绳子会扭曲，你会随着绳子一起扭转。​A. forward向前；B. backward向后；C. upward向上；D. downward向下。​依据后文“look up at the clouds”这一明确表述，只有当人“向上飞”时，才能够看到天空中的云彩。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。​句意：然后你会向上飞进天空，抬头看着云彩，绳子会扭曲，你会随着绳子一起扭转。A. rope绳子；B. barn谷仓；C. cloud云；D. wind风。​根据前文“the rope would twist”（绳子会扭曲），由于人是坐在绳子上进行荡秋千活动，所以当绳子发生扭曲时，人自然会随着“绳子”的扭曲而一起扭转。​故选A。​ 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。​句意：然后你会从天上掉下来，掉下来，掉下来，飞回谷仓，几乎飞进干草棚，然后再飞出去（这次不是那么远），然后再飞进去（不是那么高），然后再飞出去，再飞进去，再飞出去，再飞进去；然后你会跳下来，落到地面上，让别人试试。​A. crouch down蹲下；B. charge down冲下来；C. run off跑开；D. jump off跳下。​根据后文“fall down”可推知，要先从秋千上“跳下来”，才会进一步“掉落到地面”。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。​句意：然后你会从天上掉下来，掉下来，掉下来，飞回谷仓，几乎飞进干草棚，然后再飞出去（这次不是那么远），然后再飞进去（不是那么高），然后再飞出去，再飞进去，再飞出去，再飞进去；然后你会跳下来，落到地面上，让别人试试。​A. seize抓住；B. try尝试；C. keep保持；D. move移动。从语境分析，一个孩子从秋千上下来后，其目的是让其他孩子也能体验荡秋千，即“尝试”荡秋千。​故选B。 【27题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。​句意：她们害怕一些孩子会掉下来。​A. every每个；B. either两者中的任何一个；C. another另一个；D. some一些。​根据前文“Mothers for miles around worried about Zuckerman’s swing.”，使用 some表示“一些”，符合母亲们担心“部分孩子”可能从秋千上掉下来这种不确定的部分群体的语境。​故选D。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。​句意：孩子们几乎总是比他们的父母认为的更紧地抓住东西。​A. sooner更快；B. tighter更紧；C. more naturally更自然地；D. more confidently更自信地。​根据前文“But no child ever did.”可推知，孩子之所以没有从秋千上掉下来，关键原因在于他们“更紧地抓住”了秋千绳子。​故选B。 第四部分 词汇(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 单选题：选出以下单词的中文意思。 选出以下单词的中文意思。 29. generate A. v.产生，引起 B. v.消化；领会 C. v.降低 D. v.与……相关联 30. vary A. a. & adv.正；非常 B. v.变化，变更 C. v.使钦佩 D. a.种类多的 31. plain A. a.朴素的，简单的 B. n.薄片，片 C. n.奶油，乳脂 D. a.不受约束的 32. essential A. a.精致的，精细的 B. a.民间的 C. a.酸的；馊的 D. a.必不可少的；本质的 33. damp A. a.遥远的 B. a.乡村的 C. a.潮湿的，湿气重的 D. a.令人愉快的 34. exaggeration A. n.恩情；借款 B. n.激增；繁荣 C. n.自由 D. n.夸张，夸大 35. glorious A. a.荣耀的，光荣的 B. a.棘手的 C. a.引人注目的 D. a.内心的，隐藏的 36 allowance A. n.传说，传奇故事 B. n.津贴，补助；零花钱 C. n.允许；准许 D. n.耐心，忍耐力 37. encounter A. v.深深吸引 B. v.投射 C. v.偶然碰到，意外地遇见 D. v.敢于，胆敢 38. entitle A. v.给……命名；使享有权利 B. v.是……的特征 C. v.& n.拐弯；弯曲 D. v.把……关在笼中 39. perspective A. n.展览，展出 B. n.危机，危急关头 C. n.透视法；态度、观点 D. n.检查，查看 40. landscape A. n.阴影部分；色度 B. n.职业，事业 C. n.展览馆，画廊 D. n.乡村风景画；风景，景色 41. campaign A. n.活动；战役 B. n.建筑设计，建筑风格 C. n.环境，背景 D. n.像素 42. desperate A. a.非凡的 B. a.难过的，失望的 C. a.特别的，不寻常的 D. a.绝望的；不惜冒险的 43 transform A. v.（使）变形，（使）改观 B. v.运输 C. v.蒸；散发蒸汽 D. v.使融合；使结合，使混合 【答案】29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. D 43. A 【解析】 【29题详解】 考查动词。“generate”为动词，在汉语中翻译为“产生，引起”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词。“vary”为动词，在汉语中翻译为“变化，变更”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。“plain”为形容词，在汉语中翻译为“朴素的，简单的”。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。“essential”为形容词，在汉语中翻译为“必不可少的；本质的”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。“damp”为形容词，在汉语中翻译为“潮湿的，湿气重的”。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词。“exaggeration”为名词，在汉语中翻译为“夸张，夸大”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。“glorious”为形容词，在汉语中翻译为“荣耀的，光荣的”。故选A项。 【36题详解】 考查名词。“allowance”为名词，在汉语中翻译为“津贴，补助；零花钱”。故选B项。 【37题详解】 考查动词。“encounter”为动词，在汉语中翻译为“偶然碰到，意外地遇见”。故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查动词。“entitle”为动词，在汉语中翻译为“给……命名；使享有权利”。故选A项。 【39题详解】 考查名词。“perspective”为名词，在汉语中翻译为“透视法；态度、观点”。故选C项。 【40题详解】 考查名词。“landscape”为名词，在汉语中翻译为“乡村风景画；风景，景色”。故选D项。 【41题详解】 考查名词。“campaign”为名词，在汉语翻译为“活动；战役”。故选A项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。“desperate”为形容词，在汉语中翻译为“绝望的；不惜冒险的”。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词。“transform”为动词，在汉语中翻译为“（使）变形，（使）改观”。故选A项。 第二节 (共35小题;每小题1分，满分35分) 请将以下中文翻译成英文，每空一词。 汉译英 44. n.容器________ 45. a.人工的,人造的 ________ 46. n.观众,听众 ________ 47. a.有免疫力;不受影响的 ________ 48. v. &n.(有)吸引力;申诉;呼吁 ________ 49. n.描述,形容,说明 ________ 50. n.新郎 ________ 51. n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量 ________ 52. n.自传________ 53. n.周年纪念日 ________ 54. n.吸毒上瘾的人;对……着迷的人 ________ 55. n.材料;素材a.物质的 ________ 【答案】44. container 45. artificial 46. audience 47. immune 48. appeal 49. description 50. groom 51. generosity 52. autobiography 53. anniversary 54. addict 55. material 【解析】 【44题详解】 “n.容器”的英文表达为container，根据词性可知是名词。故填container。 【45题详解】 “a.人工的,人造的”的英文表达为artificial，根据词性可知是形容词。故填artificial。 【46题详解】 “n.观众,听众”的英文表达为audience，根据词性可知是名词。故填audience。 【47题详解】 “a.有免疫力;不受影响的”的英文表达为immune，根据词性可知是形容词。故填immune。 【48题详解】 “v. &n.(有)吸引力;申诉;呼吁”的英文表达为appeal，根据词性可知是动词和名词。故填appeal。 【49题详解】 “n.描述,形容,说明”的英文表达为description，根据词性可知是名词。故填description。 【50题详解】 “n.新郎”的英文表达为groom，根据词性可知是名词。故填groom。 【51题详解】 “n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量”的英文表达为generosity，根据词性可知是名词。故填generosity。 【52题详解】 “n.自传”的英文表达为autobiography，根据词性可知是名词。故填autobiography。 【53题详解】 “n.周年纪念日”的英文表达为anniversary，根据词性可知是名词。故填anniversary。 【54题详解】 “n.吸毒上瘾的人;对……着迷的人”的英文表达为addict，根据词性可知是名词。故填addict。 【55题详解】 “n.材料;素材 a.物质的”的英文表达为material，根据词性可知是名词或形容词。故填material。 汉译英 56. n.数字；人物；体型，身材 ________ 57. n.担心，忧虑；关心 v.涉及 ________ 58. a.可供替代的；非传统的________ 59. v.(感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 ________ 60 n.含酒精饮料，酒 ________ 61. v.包，裹；(用胳膊、腿等)抱 ________ 62. a.消极的，负面的；坏的 ________ 63. n.闲暇，业余时间 ________ 64. n.灭绝，绝种 ________ 65. n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅________ 66. n.生物多样性 ________ 67. n.委员会 ________ 68. a.经济(上)的；可赚钱的 ________ 【答案】56. figure 57. concern 58. alternative 59. explode 60. alcohol 61. wrap 62. negative 63. leisure 64. extinction 65. length 66. biodiversity 67. committee 68. economic 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查名词。“n.数字；人物；体型，身材”的英文表达为figure。故填figure。 【57题详解】 考查名词和动词。“n.担心，忧虑；关心 v.涉及”的英文表达为concern。故填concern。 【58题详解】 考查形容词。“a.可供替代的；非传统的”的英文表达为alternative。故填alternative。 【59题详解】 考查动词。“v.(感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸”的英文表达为explode。故填explode。 【60题详解】 考查名词。“n.含酒精饮料，酒”的英文表达为alcohol。故填alcohol。 【61题详解】 考查动词。“v.包，裹；(用胳膊、腿等)抱”的英文表达为wrap。故填wrap。 【62题详解】 考查形容词。“a.消极的，负面的；坏的”的英文表达为negative。故填negative。 【63题详解】 考查名词。“n.闲暇，业余时间”的英文表达为leisure。故填leisure。 【64题详解】 考查名词。“n.灭绝，绝种”的英文表达为extinction。故填extinction。 【65题详解】 考查名词。“n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅”的英文表达为length。故填length。 【66题详解】 考查名词。“n.生物多样性 ”的英文表达为biodiversity。故填biodiversity。 【67题详解】 考查名词。“n.委员会”的英文表达为committee。故填committee。 【68题详解】 考查形容词。“a.经济(上)的；可赚钱的”的英文表达为economic。故填economic。 汉译英 69. v. 建立，创立；得到认可 ________ 70. n. 柱状物；栏；专栏 ________ 71. n. 栖息地；生长地 ________ 72. n. 程序，步骤，手续 ________ 73. v.&n. 声称；索要；认领 ________ 74. v. 修改；修订；复习 ________ 75. n. 电，电能 ________ 76. a. 脑力的 n.知识分子 ________ 77. n. 无知 ________ 78. v. 说明，解释；加插图于 ________ 【答案】69. establish 70. column 71. habitat 72. procedure 73. claim 74. revise 75. electricity 76. intellectual 77. ignorance 78. illustrate 【解析】 【69题详解】 建立，创立；得到认可，动词，英文表达为establish。故填establish。 【70题详解】 柱状物；栏；专栏，名词，英文表达为column。故填column。 【71题详解】 栖息地；生长地，名词，英文表达为habitat。故填habitat。 【72题详解】 程序，步骤，手续，名词，英文表达为procedure。故填procedure。 【73题详解】 声称；索要；认领，动词或名词，英文表达为claim。故填claim。 【74题详解】 修改；修订；复习，动词，英文表达为revise。故填revise。 【75题详解】 电，电能，名词，英文表达为electricity。故填electricity。 【76题详解】 脑力的，形容词；知识分子，名词英文表达为intellectual。故填intellectual。 【77题详解】 无知，名词，英文表达为ignorance。故填ignorance。 【78题详解】 说明，解释；加插图于，动词，英文表达为illustrate。故填illustrate。 第五部分 小说 Charlotte’s Web(共两节,满分35分) 第一节 (共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 小说句子复现;请根据句意将括号内的中文翻译成英文，每空1个单词。 79. As she approached her chair, the carton wobbled, and there was a ________ (抓挠的) noise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】scratching 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她靠近她的椅子时，纸箱晃动了一下，接着传来了一阵抓挠的声音。根据汉语提示“抓挠的”，此处需用形容词修饰名词noise。故填scratching。 80. She would __________（挥手）goodbye to him, and he would stand and watch the bus until it vanished around a turn. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】wave 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：她向他挥手道别，他站在那并看着公交车，直到公交车消失。and连接两个句子，would+动词原形构成过去将来时。根据汉语意思“挥手“提示，空处应填写wave,与would构成过去将来时作谓语。故填wave. 81. The horses, in their stalls in the barn, ________up (竖起) their ears when they heard the goose hollering. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】pricked 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：马厩里的马听到鹅的叫声，都竖起了耳朵。空处为主句谓语动词，表示“竖起”用prick up，根据从句谓语动词heard可知，主句也用一般过去时，prick用过去式。故填pricked。 82. Lurvy dumped the slops, ________ (刮) the pail, and walked away. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】scraped 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：卢维倒下泔水，刮干净桶子，走了。动词scrape表示“刮、擦”，与dumped和walked并列作谓语，故应用过去式。故填scraped。 83. Wilbur ________ (脸红了). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】blushed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：威尔伯脸红了。根据汉语提示“脸红了”可知应填动词blush，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填blushed。 84. “What time is it?” ________ (耳语，低声说) Wilbur to the goose. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】whispered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：“现在几点了？”Wilbur对鹅低声说。根据汉语提示可知，应是动词“whisper”，在句中作谓语动词，结合语境，这里讲述过去发生的事情，句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式形式。故填whispered。 85. That afternoon, when the wind ________ down (渐弱), the barnyard was quiet and warm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】died 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：那天下午，当风渐弱时，谷仓院子里安静又温暖。根据从句主语the wind及汉语提示 “渐弱”可知，此处是固定短语die down，意为“渐弱，逐渐消失”。根据主句“the barnyard was quiet and warm”可知，从句也应用一般过去时。故填died。 86. Wilbur ________ (伸懒腰) out on his side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】stretched 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：威尔伯懒洋洋地侧身伸了个懒腰。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词stretch，构成动词短语stretch out“伸展身体；伸懒腰”；句子叙述一个已发生的动作，应用一般过去时态。故填stretched。 87. “Of course you don’t,” said Charlotte in a ________ (安慰的) voice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】comforting 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：“你当然不会的，”夏洛特用安慰的语气说道。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词comforting“安慰的，令人安慰的”作定语修饰voice，满足句意要求。故填comforting。 88. “Leave it alone!” ________ (命令道) Fern. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 commanded 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：“别管它！”Fern命令道。根据汉语提示可知设空处为动词command，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填commanded。 89. Mrs. Zuckerman ________ (跌坐) into a chair. She looked pale and frightened. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sank 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：扎克曼太太跌坐到椅子上。她脸色苍白，看起来很害怕。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据后句looked可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，此空应用动词过去式。根据汉语提示“跌坐”可知，应填动词 sink，sink的过去式为sank。故填sank。 90. Wilbur, who really felt terrific, stood quietly swelling out his ________ (胸膛) and swinging his snout from side to side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】chest 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：威尔伯感觉棒极了，静静地站着，挺起胸膛，并晃动着鼻子。根据汉语提示“胸膛”可知应填名词chest，在句中作宾语。故填chest。 91. “Another summer gone,” she ________ (叹息道). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sighed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：“又一个夏天过去了，”她叹息道。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词sigh，句子陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填sighed。 92. Even on the most beautiful days in the whole year — the days when summer is changing into fall — the crickets ________ (散布) the rumor of sadness and change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】spread 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：即使在一年中最美丽的日子里——夏天变成秋天的日子里，蟋蟀也会传播悲伤和变化的谣言。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语the crickets为复数，表示“散布”动词需用原形spread。故填spread。 93. Charlotte got so interested, and she ________ (降低) herself on a dragline so she could see better. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】lowered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：夏洛很感兴趣，她用拖绳把自己放低，这样她就能看得更清楚。表示“降低”使用动词lower，结合got可知应用一般过去时，故填lowered。 94. “Good,” said Charlotte, ________ (眨眼示意) at the old sheep. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】winking 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：“好，”夏洛特说着，朝老绵羊眨了眨眼。动词wink表示“眨眼”，根据谓语动词said可知，空处应用其非谓语动词形式，作伴随状语，wink与Charlotte之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填winking。 95. Fern climbed into the pen and ________ (跪下) by Wilbur’s side. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】knelt 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：Fern爬进围栏，跪在Wilbur身边。“跪下”是kneel，and前后时态一致，由climbed可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式knelt，故填knelt。 96. Then he ________ (撕下) a word out of the paper, rolled it up, and started back to Wilbur’s pen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】tore 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：接着他从报纸上撕下一个字，卷起来，动身回到威尔伯的猪圈去。表示“撕”使用动词tear，结合rolled可知应用一般过去时，故填tore。 97. The children felt refreshed after their ________ (小睡). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】nap 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们午睡后感到神清气爽。该空需要一个名词作介词的宾语，由汉语提示可知，名词nap符合语境。故填nap。 98. “You ought to be ashamed of yourself,” said Charlotte in ________ (厌恶). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】disgust 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：“你应该为自己感到羞耻，”夏洛厌恶地说。空格处用名词作宾语，“厌恶”的名词是disgust，是不可数名词。故填disgust。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 请根据小说 Charlotte’s Web 的内容用英文回答问题。 119. What did Fern do to take care of her newborn pig? ________________________________ 120. According to Charlotte, what would happen if she didn’t eat bugs? ________________________________ 121. What was the pig’s name that was in the pen next to Wilbur? ________________________________ 122. What happened to Wilbur during the long speech? ________________________________ 123. How did Wilbur carry the precious egg sac back to the barn? ________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $