36.Unit 8 Safe and sound(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)

2025-09-12
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2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024) Unit 8 Safe and sound重点词汇 必备知识清单 重点词汇释义 1.sound adj. 健康的,无损伤的 【用法释义】多用来描述人或事物处于安全、无损坏的状态,在句中可作表语或定语。 【常用搭配】safe and sound(安然无恙) 例句: After the long journey, the children arrived home safe and sound.(经过长途旅行,孩子们安然无恙地回到了家。) The old building still looks sound after so many years.(这么多年过去了,这座老建筑看起来依然完好。) Make sure all the equipment is sound before we start the work.(开始工作前,要确保所有设备都完好无损。) 2.emergency n. 紧急情况 【用法释义】指突然发生、需要立即处理的危急情况,为可数名词,也可用于泛指“紧急状况”这一概念。 【常用搭配】emergency room(急诊室)、in an emergency(在紧急情况下) 例句: We should keep a first-aid kit at home in case of an emergency.(我们家里应该备一个急救箱,以防紧急情况。) The hospital has a special team to deal with medical emergencies.(这家医院有专门的团队处理医疗紧急情况。) Call this number immediately when you face an emergency.(当你遇到紧急情况时,立即拨打这个号码。) 3.situation n. 情况 【用法释义】可指各种具体或抽象的情况、形势,涵盖政治、经济、个人生活等多个领域,为可数名词。 【常用搭配】current situation(当前形势)、difficult situation(困境) 例句: We need to analyze the situation carefully before making a decision.(在做决定之前,我们需要仔细分析形势。) She is trying her best to improve her family's situation.(她正尽力改善家庭状况。) The situation in the war-torn area is getting worse.(战乱地区的局势正变得越来越糟糕。) 4.heating n. 供暖 【用法释义】指为建筑物提供热量的系统或过程,为不可数名词,常与“system”“service”等词搭配。 【常用搭配】central heating(中央供暖系统)、heating system(供暖系统) 例句: The heating in our office broke down yesterday, so it's very cold today.(我们办公室的供暖系统昨天坏了,所以今天特别冷。) We need to check the heating before the winter comes.(冬天来临之前,我们需要检查一下供暖情况。) This house has a new heating system that saves a lot of energy.(这所房子有一套新的供暖系统,非常节能。) 5.lightning n. 闪电 【用法释义】指雷雨中的闪电,为不可数名词,通常与“thunder”(雷声)搭配出现,描述雷雨天气。 【常用搭配】lightning strike(雷击) 例句: We saw bright lightning in the sky during the storm.(暴风雨期间,我们看到天空中出现了明亮的闪电。) A tree was hit by lightning last night and fell down.(昨晚一棵树被雷击倒了。) The little girl is afraid of lightning and thunder.(这个小女孩害怕闪电和雷声。) 6.office n. 办公室,办公楼 【用法释义】可指具体的办公房间,也可指整栋办公楼,为可数名词,常用搭配有“in the office”“office building”等。 【常用搭配】office worker(办公室职员)、office hour(办公时间) 例句: My father usually stays in the office until 7 p.m.(我爸爸通常在办公室待到晚上7点。) There is a new coffee shop near our office building.(我们办公楼附近有一家新开的咖啡店。) She went to the manager's office to talk about her work.(她去经理办公室谈论工作事宜了。) 7.homeless adj. 无家可归的 【用法释义】用于描述没有固定住所的人,在句中可作定语或表语,常用“the homeless”表示“无家可归的人”这一群体。 【常用搭配】homeless people(无家可归的人)、homeless shelter(收容所) 例句: Many volunteers are helping the homeless in the cold winter.(在寒冷的冬天,许多志愿者正在帮助无家可归的人。) The storm left hundreds of people homeless.(这场暴风雨让数百人无家可归。) We should donate some clothes to the homeless shelter.(我们应该给收容所捐赠一些衣服。) 8.coach n. 长途汽车 【用法释义】指用于长途旅行的大型公共汽车,可搭载较多乘客,为可数名词,区别于城市内短途行驶的“bus”。 【常用搭配】coach station(长途汽车站)、take a coach(乘坐长途汽车) 例句: They plan to take a coach to visit their grandparents in the countryside.(他们计划乘坐长途汽车去乡下看望祖父母。) The coach will leave the station at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.(这辆长途汽车将于明天早上8点离开车站。) There is a comfortable coach with air conditioning for this trip.(这次旅行有一辆带空调的舒适长途汽车。) 9.road n. 道路 【用法释义】泛指供车辆、行人通行的道路,可用于描述城市道路、乡村小路等,为可数名词,常用搭配有“on the road”“road safety”等。 【常用搭配】road trip(公路旅行)、country road(乡村小路)、road sign(路标) 例句: There was a traffic jam on the main road this morning.(今天早上主干道上发生了交通堵塞。) We walked along the quiet road to enjoy the beautiful scenery.(我们沿着安静的小路散步,欣赏美丽的风景。) The government is going to build a new road between the two cities.(政府打算在这两座城市之间修建一条新公路。) 10.accident n. 事故 【用法释义】指意外发生的、造成伤害或损失的事件,如交通事故、工伤事故等,为可数名词,常用搭配有“traffic accident”“car accident”等。 【常用搭配】by accident(偶然,意外地)、have an accident(发生事故) 例句: He was late for work because he witnessed a traffic accident on the way.(他上班迟到了,因为在路上目睹了一场交通事故。) You should be careful when using the machine to avoid accidents.(使用这台机器时你要小心,避免发生事故。) She had a small accident while riding her bike, but she wasn't hurt.(她骑自行车时发生了一点小意外,但没有受伤。) 11.typhoon n. 台风 【用法释义】指发生在西北太平洋和南海海域的强热带气旋,为可数名词,通常与“hit”“come”“pass”等动词搭配。 【常用搭配】typhoon warning(台风预警)、typhoon season(台风季) 例句: The typhoon hit the coastal city last night, causing great damage.(台风昨晚袭击了这座沿海城市,造成了巨大损失。) We need to prepare enough food and water before the typhoon comes.(台风来临之前,我们需要准备足够的食物和水。) The school was closed because of the strong typhoon.(由于强台风,学校停课了。) 12.terrible adj. 可怕的 【用法释义】可用于描述令人恐惧、厌恶或糟糕的人、事、物,在句中可作定语或表语,程度较强。 【常用搭配】terrible weather(恶劣的天气)、terrible experience(可怕的经历) 例句: She had a terrible dream last night and woke up in fear.(她昨晚做了一个可怕的梦,惊恐地醒来。) The terrible fire destroyed most of the old town.(那场可怕的大火烧毁了老城区的大部分地方。) His terrible behavior made everyone in the class angry.(他糟糕的行为让班上所有人都很生气。) 13.state n. 状态,情况 【用法释义】指人或事物所处的具体状态,可用于描述身体、精神、物体性质等方面的情况,为可数名词,常用搭配有“in a...state”。 【常用搭配】mental state(精神状态)、state of health(健康状况) 例句: The old man's health is in a poor state.(这位老人的健康状况很差。) The machine is in a good working state after being repaired.(这台机器经过维修后,处于良好的工作状态。) She was in a state of excitement when she heard the good news.(听到这个好消息时,她处于兴奋状态。) 14.fireman n. (pl. firemen)消防员 【用法释义】指从事灭火、救援等工作的人员,为可数名词,复数形式为“firemen”,对应女性消防员可表示为“firewoman”(pl. firewomen)。 【常用搭配】fireman's uniform(消防服)、fireman's axe(消防斧) 例句: The firemen arrived quickly and put out the big fire.(消防员迅速赶到,扑灭了大火。) My uncle has been a fireman for over 10 years.(我叔叔当消防员已经超过10年了。) The little boy wants to be a fireman when he grows up.(这个小男孩长大后想当一名消防员。) 15.slight adj. 轻微的 【用法释义】用于描述程度、数量、规模等比较小的,不明显的,在句中可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】slight difference(细微差别)、slight pain(轻微的疼痛)、slight chance(微小的机会) 例句: She has a slight fever, so she needs to rest at home.(她有点轻微发烧,所以需要在家休息。) There is a slight difference between these two pictures.(这两张图片之间有细微的差别。) He has a slight chance of winning the competition.(他赢得比赛的机会很小。) 16.shake n., vi. & vt. 摇动;(使)摇晃 【用法释义】作动词时,可表示人或物体主动或被动地摇晃,也可指“握手”;作名词时,指“摇晃”的动作或状态。 【常用搭配】shake hands(握手)、shake one's head(摇头)、shake with fear(因恐惧而发抖) 例句: The strong wind shook the windows of the house.(大风摇晃着房子的窗户。)(vt.) She shook with cold when she stood in the snow.(站在雪地里,她冻得发抖。)(vi.) There was a sudden shake of the ground during the earthquake.(地震时,地面突然摇晃了一下。)(n.) 17.thunder n. 雷声 【用法释义】指雷雨中伴随闪电出现的雷鸣声,为不可数名词,常与“lightning”搭配,常用短语“thunder and lightning”(电闪雷鸣)。 【常用搭配】roll of thunder(隆隆的雷声)、thunder storm(雷雨) 例句: We heard a loud thunder after the bright lightning.(明亮的闪电过后,我们听到了一声巨响的雷声。) The roll of thunder could be heard from far away.(从很远的地方就能听到隆隆的雷声。) The children covered their ears because they were afraid of the thunder.(孩子们因为害怕雷声而捂住了耳朵。) 18.bomb n. 炸弹 【用法释义】指用于爆炸破坏的武器或装置,为可数名词,常用搭配有“plant a bomb”(安放炸弹)、“bomb attack”(炸弹袭击)。 【常用搭配】time bomb(定时炸弹)、atomic bomb(原子弹) 例句: The police found a bomb in the building and removed it safely.(警方在大楼里发现了一枚炸弹,并安全拆除了它。) The bomb exploded and destroyed the whole street.(炸弹爆炸了,摧毁了整条街道。) They were arrested for planning a bomb attack on the station.(他们因计划对车站发动炸弹袭击而被捕。) 19.shout vi. & n. 呼喊,喊叫 【用法释义】作动词时,指因激动、愤怒、害怕等情绪大声喊叫,常与“at”“to”搭配;作名词时,指“呼喊声”。 【常用搭配】shout at sb.(对某人大声喊叫,含指责意味)、shout to sb.(向某人大声喊,仅为引起注意)、shout for help(呼救) 例句: She shouted to her friend across the street.(她在街对面朝朋友大声喊。)(vi.) Don't shout at the children; it's not polite.(不要对孩子大声喊叫,这不礼貌。)(vi.) We heard a shout for help from the river.(我们听到河里传来呼救声。)(n.) 20.fear n. 恐惧,害怕 【用法释义】指对危险、未知事物等产生的恐惧情绪,为不可数名词,也可用于“a fear of...”(对……的恐惧)结构,作可数名词。 【常用搭配】in fear(恐惧地,害怕地)、for fear of(唯恐,生怕)、overcome fear(克服恐惧) 例句: He couldn't hide his fear when he saw the snake.(看到蛇时,他无法掩饰自己的恐惧。) She lived in fear of being found by the bad guys.(她生活在害怕被坏人找到的恐惧中。) Many people have a fear of flying.(很多人都有飞行恐惧症。) 21.direction n. 方向 【用法释义】可指空间上的方向(东、南、西、北等),也可指“指示”“指导”,为可数名词,常用搭配有“in the direction of...”(朝……方向)。 【常用搭配】in all directions(四处,到处)、give directions(指路;给出指示)、right direction(正确方向) 例句: The wind is blowing from the direction of the sea.(风从大海的方向吹来。) Can you give me directions to the nearest hospital?(你能告诉我去最近医院的路吗?) After the explosion, people ran in all directions to escape.(爆炸后,人们四处奔跑逃生。) 22.brick n. 砖 【用法释义】指用于建筑的砖块,为可数名词,常用搭配有“brick wall”(砖墙)、“red brick”(红砖)。 【常用搭配】brick house(砖房)、brick by brick(一点一点地;逐步地) 例句: The workers are using bricks to build a new wall around the garden.(工人们正在用砖块在花园周围砌一堵新墙。) This old house is made of red bricks.(这座老房子是用红砖建造的。) He built his business brick by brick over the past 20 years.(过去20年里,他一步一步地建立起了自己的生意。) 23.silent adj. 安静的 【用法释义】指没有声音或声音很小的,也可指人“沉默的”“不说话的”,在句中可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】keep silent(保持沉默)、silent night(寂静的夜晚)、silent film(无声电影) 例句: The library is always silent, so people can read quietly.(图书馆总是很安静,这样人们可以安静地阅读。) She remained silent when the teacher asked her a question.(老师问她问题时,她保持沉默。) There was a silent moment after he finished speaking.(他说完话后,有一段沉默的时刻。) 24.nervous adj. 焦虑的;胆怯的 【用法释义】用于描述人因紧张、担心、害怕等情绪而感到不安的状态,在句中可作定语或表语,常用搭配有“be nervous about...”(对……感到紧张)。 【常用搭配】nervous person(紧张的人)、nervous breakdown(精神崩溃)、feel nervous(感到紧张) 例句: She feels nervous about taking the final exam.(她对参加期末考试感到紧张。) The little boy is nervous of strangers.(这个小男孩害怕陌生人。) His nervous hands made it hard for him to hold the cup.(他紧张得双手发抖,很难握住杯子。) 25.beat vi. & vt. (使)规律作响或运动;用力敲打 【用法释义】可表示心脏、脉搏等有规律地跳动,也可指用工具等用力敲打某物,还可表示“打败”(对手)。 【常用搭配】beat a drum(打鼓)、heart beat(心跳)、beat sb. in sth.(在某事上打败某人) 例句: His heart beat fast when he saw his favorite star.(看到自己最喜欢的明星时,他的心跳得很快。)(vi.) The rain beat against the windows all night.(雨整夜都敲打着窗户。)(vt.) Our team beat theirs in the basketball match yesterday.(昨天的篮球赛中,我们队打败了他们队。)(vt.) 26.calm vi. & vt. (使)平静,(使)镇静 【用法释义】作动词时,指使人或事物从激动、紧张的状态变得平静;也可作形容词,意为“平静的”“镇静的”。 【常用搭配】calm down(使)平静、stay calm(保持镇静)、calm oneself(使自己平静下来) 例句: She tried to calm the crying baby by singing a song.(她试图通过唱歌让哭泣的宝宝平静下来。)(vt.) The wind calmed down after the storm passed.(暴风雨过后,风平静了下来。)(vi.) You should stay calm when you face a difficult situation.(面对困难情况时,你应该保持镇静。)(adj.,此处补充形容词用法例句以完善理解) 27.since conj. 因为,既然 【用法释义】引导原因状语从句时,语气较弱,常表示对方已知的、显而易见的原因,从句多位于句首。此外,“since”还可作介词或副词,表示“自从……以来”。 【常用搭配】since then(从那以后)、ever since(自从;自……以后) 例句: Since it's raining heavily, we can't go out for a walk.(因为雨下得很大,我们不能出去散步了。) Since you know the truth, I don't need to explain it again.(既然你知道真相了,我就不用再解释了。) He has lived in this city since 2010.(自从2010年以来,他就住在这座城市。)(介词用法,补充以完整展示词性用法) 28.weak adj. 虚弱的 【用法释义】可用于描述人的身体虚弱、力气小,也可指物体“不牢固的”“易损坏的”,或抽象概念“薄弱的”“不擅长的”,在句中可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】weak body(虚弱的身体)、weak point(弱点)、weak in English(英语不好) 例句: She has been weak since she got sick.(自从生病后,她的身体一直很虚弱。) The bridge is too weak to hold so many cars.(这座桥不够坚固,承受不了这么多汽车。) He is weak in math, so he needs to study harder.(他数学不好,所以需要更努力学习。) 29.voice n. 嗓音,说话声,唱歌声 【用法释义】指人说话或唱歌时发出的声音,区别于“sound”(泛指各种声音)和“noise”(噪音),为可数名词,常用搭配有“in a...voice”(用……的声音)。 【常用搭配】sweet voice(甜美的声音)、raise one's voice(提高声音)、lose one's voice(失声) 例句: We could hear her beautiful voice from the next room.(我们能从隔壁房间听到她美妙的歌声。) He spoke in a low voice so that no one else could hear.(他低声说话,这样别人就听不到了。) She lost her voice because she talked too much yesterday.(她因为昨天说话太多而失声了。) 30.except prep. (=except for)除…之外 【用法释义】表示从整体中排除某一部分,“except”后接的内容与整体属于同类;“except for”后接的内容与整体不属于同类,多用来修正整体的某个不足之处。 【常用搭配】except for(除……之外,用于非同类事物)、except that(除了……之外,后接从句) 例句: Everyone is here except Tom.(除了汤姆,所有人都到了。)(Tom和everyone同类) The room is clean except for a few books on the floor.(除了地板上的几本书,房间很干净。)(books和room非同类) I know nothing about him except that he is from Canada.(除了知道他来自加拿大,我对他一无所知。)(后接从句) 31.smoke n. 烟 【用法释义】指燃烧时产生的烟,为不可数名词,也可作动词,意为“吸烟”“冒烟”,常用搭配有“smoke from...”(来自……的烟)。 【常用搭配】heavy smoke(浓烟)、smoke a cigarette(抽香烟)、no smoking(禁止吸烟) 例句: There is a lot of smoke coming from the factory.(有大量的烟从工厂里冒出来。)(n.) He doesn't smoke because he knows it's bad for health.(他不吸烟,因为他知道吸烟对健康有害。)(vi.) The smoke made her cough badly.(烟让她咳得很厉害。)(n.) 32.burn vi.;vt. & vi. 着火;(使)烧毁,烧伤 【用法释义】作不及物动词时,指物体自行燃烧;作及物动词时,指“烧毁”某物或“烧伤”某人,常用搭配有“burn down”(烧毁)、“burn oneself”(烧伤自己)。 【常用搭配】burn out(燃尽;耗尽)、burn with anger(怒火中烧)、get burned(被烧伤;吃亏) 例句: The dry wood burned quickly in the fire.(干木头在火中很快就烧起来了。)(vi.,表着火) He burned his hand when he was cooking.(他做饭时烧伤了手。)(vt.,表烧伤) The old house was burned down in the big fire.(这座老房子在大火中被烧毁了。)(vt.,表烧毁) 33.heavily adv. 大量地 【用法释义】多用来修饰动词,描述雨、雪、风等下得或刮得大,也可表示“沉重地”“严重地”。 【常用搭配】rain heavily(下大雨)、snow heavily(下大雪)、breathe heavily(呼吸急促) 例句: It rained heavily last night, so the streets are wet today.(昨晚下了大雨,所以今天街道很湿。) The wind blew heavily and knocked down many trees.(风刮得很大,吹倒了很多树。) He fell to the ground heavily and hurt his leg.(他重重地摔在地上,伤到了腿。) 34.guess vt. & vi. 猜测,估计 【用法释义】指没有确切证据时凭想象或经验推测,可接名词、代词、从句作宾语,常用搭配有“guess at...”(猜测……)、“guess sb.'s age”(猜测某人的年龄)。 【常用搭配】make a guess(猜测,猜想)、guess right(猜对)、guess wrong(猜错) 例句: Can you guess how old my grandmother is?(你能猜出我奶奶多大年纪吗?)(vt.) I guess he will come back soon.(我估计他很快就会回来。)(vt.,接从句) Don't guess at the answer; you should check it carefully.(不要猜测答案,你应该仔细核对。)(vi.) 35.hat n. (常指带檐的)帽子 【用法释义】指有檐的帽子,如礼帽、棒球帽等,区别于无檐的“cap”(便帽),为可数名词,常用搭配有“put on a hat”(戴帽子)、“take off a hat”(摘帽子)。 【常用搭配】sun hat(太阳帽)、winter hat(冬帽)、hat shop(帽子店) 例句: She wore a beautiful hat to attend the wedding.(她戴了一顶漂亮的帽子去参加婚礼。) Don't forget to take your hat when you go out; it's very sunny.(出门时别忘了带上你的帽子,太阳很大。) He bought a new hat for his son as a birthday gift.(他给儿子买了一顶新帽子作为生日礼物。) 36.clear vt. 清除,清理 【用法释义】作及物动词时,指把某物从某处移走,使地方变干净或畅通;也可作形容词,意为“清澈的”“清楚的”,常用搭配有“clear up”(清理;放晴)、“clear the road”(清理道路)。 【常用搭配】clear the table(收拾桌子)、clear away(清除,收拾)、clear vision(清晰的视力) 例句: The workers are clearing the snow from the road.(工人们正在清理道路上的积雪。)(vt.) Please clear your desk before you leave the office.(离开办公室前,请清理好你的桌子。)(vt.) The sky became clear after the rain stopped.(雨停后,天空变得晴朗了。)(adj.,补充以完善用法) 37.policeman n. (pl. policemen)(男)警察 【用法释义】指男性警察,为可数名词,复数形式为“policemen”,女性警察用“policewoman”(pl. policewomen),统称“police”(不可数名词)。 【常用搭配】traffic policeman(交通警察)、policeman's uniform(警服) 例句: A policeman helped the old lady cross the road safely.(一名警察帮助老奶奶安全地过了马路。) My brother wants to be a policeman when he grows up.(我弟弟长大后想当一名警察。) The policemen are searching for the lost child in the park.(警察们正在公园里寻找那个失踪的孩子。) 38.ache n. & vi. 疼痛 【用法释义】作名词时,指持续的、轻微的疼痛,常与身体部位构成复合词,如“headache”(头痛)、“toothache”(牙痛);作动词时,指(身体部位)持续疼痛。 【常用搭配】back ache(背痛)、stomach ache(胃痛)、ache all over(浑身疼痛) 例句: She has a terrible headache and needs to lie down.(她头痛得厉害,需要躺下休息。)(n.,此处“headache”为复合词,体现“ache”名词用法) My legs ache after walking for a long time.(走了很长时间后,我的腿很疼。)(vi.) He complained of a stomach ache after eating too much.(吃太多后,他抱怨胃痛。)(n.,“stomach ache”为复合词) 39.postman n. (pl. postmen)邮递员 【用法释义】指负责投递信件、包裹等的工作人员,为可数名词,复数形式为“postmen”,也可称为“mailman”(美式英语)。 【常用搭配】postman's bag(邮包)、postman uniform(邮递员制服) 例句: The postman comes to our neighborhood every morning.(邮递员每天早上都会来我们小区。) My father used to be a postman when he was young.(我爸爸年轻时曾经是一名邮递员。) The postmen are busy delivering Christmas cards before Christmas.(圣诞节前,邮递员们忙着投递圣诞贺卡。) 40.airport n. 机场 【用法释义】指飞机起飞、降落和停靠的场所,为可数名词,常用搭配有“international airport”(国际机场)、“at the airport”(在机场)。 【常用搭配】airport terminal(机场航站楼)、airport shuttle(机场班车)、airport security(机场安检) 例句: We will meet our friends at the airport tomorrow afternoon.(明天下午我们将去机场接朋友。) This city has a new international airport that opened last year.(这座城市有一座去年开通的新国际机场。) You need to arrive at the airport two hours before the flight.(你需要在航班起飞前两小时到达机场。) 41.passport n. 护照 【用法释义】指公民出国时用于证明身份和国籍的证件,为可数名词,常用搭配有“valid passport”(有效护照)、“apply for a passport”(申请护照)。 【常用搭配】passport control(护照检查)、passport photo(护照照片) 例句: You must take your passport when you travel abroad.(出国旅行时,你必须带上护照。) He is applying for a new passport because his old one is expired.(他正在申请新护照,因为旧护照到期了。) The officer checked our passports carefully at the border.(在边境,官员仔细检查了我们的护照。) 42.close adj. 差一点儿,险些 【用法释义】此处为形容词用法,表示“接近的”“差一点就……的”,常用搭配有“a close call”(侥幸脱险;险些出事)、“close to”(接近……)。此外,“close”还可作动词,意为“关闭”;作副词,意为“紧密地”。 【常用搭配】close shave(侥幸的脱险;九死一生)、close friend(亲密的朋友)、close the door(关门) 例句: It was a close call; the car almost hit the child.(真是侥幸,那辆车差点撞到孩子。)(adj.) We came close to winning the game, but we lost in the end.(我们差点就赢得比赛了,但最后还是输了。)(adj.) Please close the window before you leave the room.(离开房间前,请关上窗户。)(v.,补充以展示多词性用法) 43.report vi. & vt. 报道;汇报 【用法释义】作动词时,“报道”指媒体对事件的公开介绍,“汇报”指向上级或相关人员说明情况,可接名词、代词、从句作宾语;也可作名词,意为“报道”“报告”。 【常用搭配】report news(报道新闻)、report to sb.(向某人汇报)、written report(书面报告) 例句: The newspaper reported the accident that happened yesterday.(报纸报道了昨天发生的那起事故。)(vt.,表报道) She will report to the manager on her work progress tomorrow.(明天她要向经理汇报工作进展。)(vi.,表汇报) He wrote a detailed report about the company's financial situation.(他写了一份关于公司财务状况的详细报告。)(n.,补充以完善用法) 44.including prep. 包括…在内 【用法释义】用于列举事物时,说明所列举的内容是整体的一部分,后接名词或代词,可位于句首、句中或句末。 【常用搭配】including sb./sth.(包括某人/某物) 例句: There are 50 students in our class, including 25 girls.(我们班有50名学生,包括25名女生。) Many people, including my parents, like this TV show.(很多人,包括我父母,都喜欢这个电视节目。) The tour includes many famous places, including the Great Wall.(这次旅行包括很多著名景点,其中就有长城。) 45.sign n. 标牌,指示牌 【用法释义】指用于传递信息、指示方向或警示的标牌,为可数名词,也可指“迹象”“征兆”,常用搭配有“road sign”(路标)、“warning sign”(警示标志)。 【常用搭配】traffic sign(交通标志)、no smoking sign(禁止吸烟标志)、sign of illness(疾病的征兆) 例句: You can follow the sign to find the nearest restroom.(你可以跟着指示牌找到最近的洗手间。)(表标牌) There is a "No Parking" sign in front of the building.(大楼前面有一个“禁止停车”的标牌。)(表标牌) The dark clouds are a sign that it will rain soon.(乌云是快要下雨的征兆。)(表迹象,补充以完善用法) 46.avoid vt. 避免,防止 【用法释义】为及物动词,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing sth.)作宾语,不可接动词不定式,常用搭配有“avoid doing sth.”(避免做某事)、“avoid danger”(避免危险)。 【常用搭配】avoid meeting sb.(避免见某人)、avoid mistakes(避免错误)、avoid trouble(避免麻烦) 例句: You should avoid eating too much sweet food to keep healthy.(为了保持健康,你应该避免吃太多甜食。)(后接动名词) He tried to avoid the heavy traffic by leaving early.(他通过早出发来尽量避开拥堵的交通。)(后接名词) We must take action to avoid this kind of accident from happening again.(我们必须采取行动,防止这类事故再次发生。)(后接名词) 47.wound n. 伤,伤口 【用法释义】指因刀、枪、事故等造成的外伤,为可数名词,区别于“injury”(可指身体任何部位的损伤,包括内伤),常用搭配有“open wound”(开放性伤口)、“heal a wound”(愈合伤口)。 【常用搭配】bullet wound(枪伤)、knife wound(刀伤)、wound care(伤口护理) 例句: The doctor cleaned the wound and put a bandage on it.(医生清洗了伤口,并给它缠上了绷带。) He got a deep wound on his arm in the fight.(他在打斗中手臂上受了很深的伤。) It will take a long time for this wound to heal completely.(这个伤口要完全愈合需要很长时间。) 48.bleed vi. 流血,失血 【用法释义】指身体因受伤而出血,为不及物动词,常用搭配有“bleed to death”(流血致死)、“bleed heavily”(大量出血)。 【常用搭配】bleed from(从……流血)、stop bleeding(止血) 例句: His nose started to bleed when he fell down.(他摔倒时,鼻子开始流血。) The patient is bleeding heavily, so we need to send him to the hospital at once.(病人正在大量出血,我们需要立即送他去医院。) She cut her finger and it bleed for a few minutes.(她割伤了手指,流了几分钟血。) 49.press vt. & vi. 按,压 【用法释义】作动词时,指用手或工具对某物施加压力,可接名词、代词作宾语;也可作名词,意为“新闻界”“出版社”,常用搭配有“press a button”(按按钮)、“press against”(压在……上)。 【常用搭配】press the doorbell(按门铃)、press down(压下)、the local press(地方新闻界) 例句: Please press the red button if you need help.(如果你需要帮助,请按红色按钮。)(vt.) He pressed his hands against the wall to push himself up.(他用手压着墙,把自己撑起来。)(vt.) The press reported a lot about the new policy.(新闻界对这项新政策进行了大量报道。)(n.,补充以完善用法) 50.firmly adv. 紧紧地 【用法释义】用来修饰动词,描述动作进行得牢固、紧密,也可表示“坚定地”“坚决地”,其形容词形式为“firm”(坚固的;坚定的)。 【常用搭配】hold firmly(紧紧抓住)、press firmly(用力按压)、believe firmly(坚信) 例句: She held her mother's hand firmly when crossing the busy street.(过马路时,她紧紧地握着妈妈的手。) Press the bandage firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding.(把绷带紧紧地压在伤口上止血。) He firmly believes that he can achieve his dream.(他坚定地相信自己能实现梦想。) 51.warn vt. & vi. 警告,告诫 【用法释义】指提醒某人注意可能发生的危险或错误,常用搭配有“warn sb. of sth.”(警告某人某事)、“warn sb. not to do sth.”(警告某人不要做某事),可作及物或不及物动词。 【常用搭配】warn against(告诫不要;提防)、give a warning(发出警告)、warning sign(警示标志) 例句: The teacher warned the students not to play near the river.(老师警告学生们不要在河边玩耍。)(vt.) The weather report warned of a strong typhoon coming.(天气预报警告说有一场强台风即将来临。)(vt.) He warned against eating the food that had gone bad.(他告诫不要吃那些变质的食物。)(vi.,与“against”搭配) 52.traffic n. 交通 【用法释义】泛指道路上车辆、行人的流动情况,为不可数名词,常用搭配有“heavy traffic”“light traffic”“traffic jam”等。 【常用搭配】traffic lights(交通信号灯)、traffic rules(交通规则)、traffic accident(交通事故) 例句: There is always heavy traffic in the city center during rush hours.(高峰时段,市中心的交通总是很拥堵。) You must obey the traffic rules when crossing the road.(过马路时,你必须遵守交通规则。) The new bridge will help to reduce the traffic pressure in this area.(这座新桥将有助于缓解该地区的交通压力。) 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1. After the heavy rain, all the children came back home ______. A. safe and sound B. in fear C. in all directions D. right away 2. We should keep calm when we face an ______. A. situation B. emergency C. accident D. typhoon 3. The ______ in our school doesn't work well in winter, so it's very cold in the classroom. A. heating B. lightning C. traffic D. smoke 4. Look! There is a lot of ______ in the sky. Maybe it will rain soon. A. thunder B. lightning C. smoke D. wind 5. Many ______ people had to live in the temporary shelters after the earthquake. A. homeless B. nervous C. weak D. silent 6. My father will take a ______ to Shanghai tomorrow because it's more comfortable than taking a train. A. bus B. coach C. car D. plane 7. A terrible ______ happened on this road yesterday. A car hit a bike and the biker was hurt. A. situation B. accident C. event D. thing 8. The ______ is very strong. We can't go out to play football. A. typhoon B. wind C. rain D. snow 9. The ______ of the old man is not good. He has been in hospital for a week. A. state B. situation C. condition D. position 10. When the building was on fire, many ______ rushed into it to save people. A. policemen B. postmen C. firemen D. teachers 11. The ______ is very heavy in the morning. So my mother always drives me to school earlier. A. traffic B. people C. cars D. bikes 12. He got a ______ headache yesterday, but he still went to school. A. heavy B. slight C. strong D. big 13. The ground ______ when the earthquake happened. Everyone was very scared. A. shook B. beat C. burned D. cleared 14. We could hear the ______ during the storm. It was very loud A. lightning B. thunder C. wind D. rain 15. The soldiers found a ______ in the old house and called the police at once. A. bomb B. brick C. passport D. sign 16. She ______ for help when she saw a snake in the grass. A. spoke B. talked C. shouted D. said 17. The little girl looked at the big dog in ______ because she was afraid of it. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. happiness 18. The birds flew away in ______ when they heard the big noise. A. one direction B. all directions C. the same direction D. no direction 19. The house is made of ______. It looks very strong. A. wood B. bricks C. stones D. paper 20. When the teacher came into the classroom, all the students kept ______. A. silent B. nervous C. calm D. weak 21. The little boy felt ______ when he stood in front of many people. A. silent B. nervous C. calm D. happy 22. His heart ______ fast when he ran to the finish line. A. shook B. beat C. burned D. cleared 23. He ______ "I can do it by myself" when he faced the difficult task. A. said to himself B. talked to himself C. spoke to himself D. told to himself 24. You should ______ down first when you are in danger. Panic can't help you. A. calm B. put C. take D. keep 25. ______ you have finished your homework, you can watch TV for half an hour. A. Since B. Because C. Though D. If 26. The old woman is too ______ to carry the heavy box. Let's help her. A. strong B. weak C. healthy D. happy 27. We could hear a sweet ______ from the next room. It was Mary singing. A. sound B. voice C. noise D. shout 28. Everyone in my family likes eating apples ______ my brother. He likes bananas best. A. except B. besides C. including D. beside 29. There is a lot of ______ from the factory. It's bad for our health. A. water B. smoke C. air D. rain 30. The dry wood ______ easily. So we shouldn't put it near the fire. A. shakes B. beats C. burns D. clears 31. The firemen worked hard to ______ the big fire. A. put out B. put on C. put up D. put off 32. It rained ______ last night. The streets are all wet now. A. heavily B. hardly C. lightly D. quickly 33. I ______ that he will come to the party tonight. Because he told me he would. A. guess B. think C. believe D. know 34. He wears a ______ to protect his face from the strong sun. A. cap B. hat C. coat D. sweater 35. Please ______ the snow in front of the door. It's dangerous for the old people. A. clear B. clean C. sweep D. brush 36. A ______ helped the lost child find his parents yesterday. A. policeman B. postman C. fireman D. doctor 37. My back ______ a lot. I think I need to have a rest. A. aches B. hurts C. pains D. wounds 38. The ______ delivered a letter to my home this morning. A. policeman B. postman C. fireman D. teacher 39. You need to show your ______ when you go abroad. A. ID card B. passport C. student card D. bank card 40. He was ______ hit by a car when he crossed the road. Luckily, he only got a slight injury. A. close B. nearly C. hardly D. almost 二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. The ground ______ (shake) heavily when the earthquake happened last night. 2. Our school provides ______ (heat) for all classrooms to keep warm in winter. 3. The kind volunteer often helps ______ (home) people by offering them shelters. 4. Several traffic ______ (accident) happened on this road because of the thick fog. 5. The strong wind blew ______ (terrible) and many big trees were blown down. 6. Different ______ (state) of this country have different natural resources. 7. Three ______ (fireman) rushed into the burning building to save the little girl. 8. The temperature dropped ______ (slight) last night, so we felt a little cool this morning. 9. It ______ (thunder) loudly when we were walking home from school yesterday. 10. Some dangerous ______ (bomb) were found by the police in the old factory. 11. The mother ______ (shout) at her son because he broke the expensive vase. 12. She felt ______ (fear) when she heard the strange noise in the dark room. 13. Birds flew in all ______ (direction) when they heard the loud gunfire. 14. The workers used hundreds of ______ (brick) to build the new wall. 15. Everyone sat ______ (silent) and listened to the teacher's story carefully. 16. The little boy walked ______ (nervous) into the principal's office. 17. His heart ______ (beat) fast when he saw the big dog running towards him. 18. He ______ (say) to himself, "I can finish this math problem by myself." 19. She spoke ______ (calm) even though she was very angry with her brother. 20. The old man walked ______ (weak) because he hadn't eaten anything for two days. 21. Their ______ (voice) could be heard clearly from the next room. 22. Look! The house over there is ______ (smoke) — there must be a fire. 23. The old house ______ (burn) down in the big fire last weekend. 24. It rained ______ (heavy) last night, and the playground was full of water this morning. 25. She ______ (guess) the correct answer to the English question yesterday. 26. They all wore sun ______ (hat) to protect their faces from the strong sunlight. 27. He ______ (clear) his desk and started to do his homework after school. 28. Two ______ (policeman) arrived at the accident scene to help the injured people. 29. My head ______ (ache) badly after I studied for four hours without a break. 30. Three ______ (postman) came to our community to deliver newspapers this morning. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 听到他安然无恙的消息,我们都松了一口气。 We all felt relieved when we heard that he was ______ ______ ______. 2. 在紧急情况下,保持冷静非常重要。 It is very important to stay calm in an ______ ______. 3. 这个地区的供暖系统在冬天运行良好。 The ______ ______ in this area works well in winter. 4. 昨天晚上闪电过后,紧接着就是一声巨响。 After the ______ last night, there was a loud noise right away. 5. 许多无家可归的人在寒冷的冬天需要帮助。 Many ______ people need help in the cold winter. 6. 他们乘坐长途汽车去另一个城市看望朋友。 They took a ______ to another city to visit their friends. 7. 这场可怕的台风给当地造成了很大的损失。 This ______ ______ caused great damage to the local area. 8. 消防员们迅速赶到现场,开始灭火。 The ______ arrived at the scene quickly and started to put out the fire. 9. 由于交通拥堵,我今天早上上学迟到了。 I was late for school this morning because of the heavy ______. 10. 她只是受了点轻微的伤,很快就会康复。 She only got a ______ injury and will recover soon. 11. 地震发生时,我能感觉到地面在摇动。 When the earthquake happened, I could feel the ground ______. 12. 听到雷声,孩子们害怕地躲到了桌子下面。 Hearing the ______, the children hid under the table ______ ______. 13. 人们在黑暗中朝着不同的方向奔跑。 People ran in ______ ______ in the dark. 14. 他用一些砖把那个洞口堵住了。 He blocked the hole with some ______. 15. 图书馆里很安静,每个人都在认真看书。 It is ______ in the library and everyone is reading carefully. 16. 在陌生人面前,她总是显得很焦虑。 She always looks ______ in front of strangers. 17. 我能听到他的心脏在快速地跳动。 I could hear his heart ______ quickly. 18. 他自言自语道:“我必须按时完成这项工作。” He ______ ______ ______, "I must finish this work on time." 19. 老师尽力让激动的学生们平静下来。 The teacher tried her best to ______ the excited students ______. 20. 既然你已经知道了真相,就不应该再隐瞒了。 ______ you already know the truth, you shouldn't hide it anymore. 21. 生病之后,她的身体变得很虚弱。 After being ill, her body became very ______. 22. 除了他之外,所有人都参加了昨天的会议。 Everyone ______ him attended the meeting yesterday. 23. 烟从窗户里冒出来,我们意识到房子着火了。 ______ was coming out of the window and we realized the house was ______. 24. 昨晚雨下得很大,导致了一些道路积水。 It rained ______ last night, which caused water to collect on some roads. 25. 我猜测他可能不会来参加这次聚会了。 I ______ that he might not come to this party. 26. 他戴着一顶帽子,以防被太阳晒伤。 He wore a ______ to avoid getting sunburned. 27. 警察很快清理了事故现场的碎片。 The ______ quickly ______ the debris at the accident scene. 28. 长时间看书后,我的眼睛开始疼痛。 After reading for a long time, my eyes started to ______. 29. 迄今为止,我们已经帮助了两百多名贫困学生。 ______ ______, we have helped more than 200 poor students. 30. 他警告我们不要在这条河里游泳,因为水太深了。 He ______ us not to swim in this river because the water is too deep. ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024) Unit 8 Safe and sound重点词汇 必备知识清单 重点词汇释义 1.sound adj. 健康的,无损伤的 【用法释义】多用来描述人或事物处于安全、无损坏的状态,在句中可作表语或定语。 【常用搭配】safe and sound(安然无恙) 例句: After the long journey, the children arrived home safe and sound.(经过长途旅行,孩子们安然无恙地回到了家。) The old building still looks sound after so many years.(这么多年过去了,这座老建筑看起来依然完好。) Make sure all the equipment is sound before we start the work.(开始工作前,要确保所有设备都完好无损。) 2.emergency n. 紧急情况 【用法释义】指突然发生、需要立即处理的危急情况,为可数名词,也可用于泛指“紧急状况”这一概念。 【常用搭配】emergency room(急诊室)、in an emergency(在紧急情况下) 例句: We should keep a first-aid kit at home in case of an emergency.(我们家里应该备一个急救箱,以防紧急情况。) The hospital has a special team to deal with medical emergencies.(这家医院有专门的团队处理医疗紧急情况。) Call this number immediately when you face an emergency.(当你遇到紧急情况时,立即拨打这个号码。) 3.situation n. 情况 【用法释义】可指各种具体或抽象的情况、形势,涵盖政治、经济、个人生活等多个领域,为可数名词。 【常用搭配】current situation(当前形势)、difficult situation(困境) 例句: We need to analyze the situation carefully before making a decision.(在做决定之前,我们需要仔细分析形势。) She is trying her best to improve her family's situation.(她正尽力改善家庭状况。) The situation in the war-torn area is getting worse.(战乱地区的局势正变得越来越糟糕。) 4.heating n. 供暖 【用法释义】指为建筑物提供热量的系统或过程,为不可数名词,常与“system”“service”等词搭配。 【常用搭配】central heating(中央供暖系统)、heating system(供暖系统) 例句: The heating in our office broke down yesterday, so it's very cold today.(我们办公室的供暖系统昨天坏了,所以今天特别冷。) We need to check the heating before the winter comes.(冬天来临之前,我们需要检查一下供暖情况。) This house has a new heating system that saves a lot of energy.(这所房子有一套新的供暖系统,非常节能。) 5.lightning n. 闪电 【用法释义】指雷雨中的闪电,为不可数名词,通常与“thunder”(雷声)搭配出现,描述雷雨天气。 【常用搭配】lightning strike(雷击) 例句: We saw bright lightning in the sky during the storm.(暴风雨期间,我们看到天空中出现了明亮的闪电。) A tree was hit by lightning last night and fell down.(昨晚一棵树被雷击倒了。) The little girl is afraid of lightning and thunder.(这个小女孩害怕闪电和雷声。) 6.office n. 办公室,办公楼 【用法释义】可指具体的办公房间,也可指整栋办公楼,为可数名词,常用搭配有“in the office”“office building”等。 【常用搭配】office worker(办公室职员)、office hour(办公时间) 例句: My father usually stays in the office until 7 p.m.(我爸爸通常在办公室待到晚上7点。) There is a new coffee shop near our office building.(我们办公楼附近有一家新开的咖啡店。) She went to the manager's office to talk about her work.(她去经理办公室谈论工作事宜了。) 7.homeless adj. 无家可归的 【用法释义】用于描述没有固定住所的人,在句中可作定语或表语,常用“the homeless”表示“无家可归的人”这一群体。 【常用搭配】homeless people(无家可归的人)、homeless shelter(收容所) 例句: Many volunteers are helping the homeless in the cold winter.(在寒冷的冬天,许多志愿者正在帮助无家可归的人。) The storm left hundreds of people homeless.(这场暴风雨让数百人无家可归。) We should donate some clothes to the homeless shelter.(我们应该给收容所捐赠一些衣服。) 8.coach n. 长途汽车 【用法释义】指用于长途旅行的大型公共汽车,可搭载较多乘客,为可数名词,区别于城市内短途行驶的“bus”。 【常用搭配】coach station(长途汽车站)、take a coach(乘坐长途汽车) 例句: They plan to take a coach to visit their grandparents in the countryside.(他们计划乘坐长途汽车去乡下看望祖父母。) The coach will leave the station at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.(这辆长途汽车将于明天早上8点离开车站。) There is a comfortable coach with air conditioning for this trip.(这次旅行有一辆带空调的舒适长途汽车。) 9.road n. 道路 【用法释义】泛指供车辆、行人通行的道路,可用于描述城市道路、乡村小路等,为可数名词,常用搭配有“on the road”“road safety”等。 【常用搭配】road trip(公路旅行)、country road(乡村小路)、road sign(路标) 例句: There was a traffic jam on the main road this morning.(今天早上主干道上发生了交通堵塞。) We walked along the quiet road to enjoy the beautiful scenery.(我们沿着安静的小路散步,欣赏美丽的风景。) The government is going to build a new road between the two cities.(政府打算在这两座城市之间修建一条新公路。) 10.accident n. 事故 【用法释义】指意外发生的、造成伤害或损失的事件,如交通事故、工伤事故等,为可数名词,常用搭配有“traffic accident”“car accident”等。 【常用搭配】by accident(偶然,意外地)、have an accident(发生事故) 例句: He was late for work because he witnessed a traffic accident on the way.(他上班迟到了,因为在路上目睹了一场交通事故。) You should be careful when using the machine to avoid accidents.(使用这台机器时你要小心,避免发生事故。) She had a small accident while riding her bike, but she wasn't hurt.(她骑自行车时发生了一点小意外,但没有受伤。) 11.typhoon n. 台风 【用法释义】指发生在西北太平洋和南海海域的强热带气旋,为可数名词,通常与“hit”“come”“pass”等动词搭配。 【常用搭配】typhoon warning(台风预警)、typhoon season(台风季) 例句: The typhoon hit the coastal city last night, causing great damage.(台风昨晚袭击了这座沿海城市,造成了巨大损失。) We need to prepare enough food and water before the typhoon comes.(台风来临之前,我们需要准备足够的食物和水。) The school was closed because of the strong typhoon.(由于强台风,学校停课了。) 12.terrible adj. 可怕的 【用法释义】可用于描述令人恐惧、厌恶或糟糕的人、事、物,在句中可作定语或表语,程度较强。 【常用搭配】terrible weather(恶劣的天气)、terrible experience(可怕的经历) 例句: She had a terrible dream last night and woke up in fear.(她昨晚做了一个可怕的梦,惊恐地醒来。) The terrible fire destroyed most of the old town.(那场可怕的大火烧毁了老城区的大部分地方。) His terrible behavior made everyone in the class angry.(他糟糕的行为让班上所有人都很生气。) 13.state n. 状态,情况 【用法释义】指人或事物所处的具体状态,可用于描述身体、精神、物体性质等方面的情况,为可数名词,常用搭配有“in a...state”。 【常用搭配】mental state(精神状态)、state of health(健康状况) 例句: The old man's health is in a poor state.(这位老人的健康状况很差。) The machine is in a good working state after being repaired.(这台机器经过维修后,处于良好的工作状态。) She was in a state of excitement when she heard the good news.(听到这个好消息时,她处于兴奋状态。) 14.fireman n. (pl. firemen)消防员 【用法释义】指从事灭火、救援等工作的人员,为可数名词,复数形式为“firemen”,对应女性消防员可表示为“firewoman”(pl. firewomen)。 【常用搭配】fireman's uniform(消防服)、fireman's axe(消防斧) 例句: The firemen arrived quickly and put out the big fire.(消防员迅速赶到,扑灭了大火。) My uncle has been a fireman for over 10 years.(我叔叔当消防员已经超过10年了。) The little boy wants to be a fireman when he grows up.(这个小男孩长大后想当一名消防员。) 15.slight adj. 轻微的 【用法释义】用于描述程度、数量、规模等比较小的,不明显的,在句中可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】slight difference(细微差别)、slight pain(轻微的疼痛)、slight chance(微小的机会) 例句: She has a slight fever, so she needs to rest at home.(她有点轻微发烧,所以需要在家休息。) There is a slight difference between these two pictures.(这两张图片之间有细微的差别。) He has a slight chance of winning the competition.(他赢得比赛的机会很小。) 16.shake n., vi. & vt. 摇动;(使)摇晃 【用法释义】作动词时,可表示人或物体主动或被动地摇晃,也可指“握手”;作名词时,指“摇晃”的动作或状态。 【常用搭配】shake hands(握手)、shake one's head(摇头)、shake with fear(因恐惧而发抖) 例句: The strong wind shook the windows of the house.(大风摇晃着房子的窗户。)(vt.) She shook with cold when she stood in the snow.(站在雪地里,她冻得发抖。)(vi.) There was a sudden shake of the ground during the earthquake.(地震时,地面突然摇晃了一下。)(n.) 17.thunder n. 雷声 【用法释义】指雷雨中伴随闪电出现的雷鸣声,为不可数名词,常与“lightning”搭配,常用短语“thunder and lightning”(电闪雷鸣)。 【常用搭配】roll of thunder(隆隆的雷声)、thunder storm(雷雨) 例句: We heard a loud thunder after the bright lightning.(明亮的闪电过后,我们听到了一声巨响的雷声。) The roll of thunder could be heard from far away.(从很远的地方就能听到隆隆的雷声。) The children covered their ears because they were afraid of the thunder.(孩子们因为害怕雷声而捂住了耳朵。) 18.bomb n. 炸弹 【用法释义】指用于爆炸破坏的武器或装置,为可数名词,常用搭配有“plant a bomb”(安放炸弹)、“bomb attack”(炸弹袭击)。 【常用搭配】time bomb(定时炸弹)、atomic bomb(原子弹) 例句: The police found a bomb in the building and removed it safely.(警方在大楼里发现了一枚炸弹,并安全拆除了它。) The bomb exploded and destroyed the whole street.(炸弹爆炸了,摧毁了整条街道。) They were arrested for planning a bomb attack on the station.(他们因计划对车站发动炸弹袭击而被捕。) 19.shout vi. & n. 呼喊,喊叫 【用法释义】作动词时,指因激动、愤怒、害怕等情绪大声喊叫,常与“at”“to”搭配;作名词时,指“呼喊声”。 【常用搭配】shout at sb.(对某人大声喊叫,含指责意味)、shout to sb.(向某人大声喊,仅为引起注意)、shout for help(呼救) 例句: She shouted to her friend across the street.(她在街对面朝朋友大声喊。)(vi.) Don't shout at the children; it's not polite.(不要对孩子大声喊叫,这不礼貌。)(vi.) We heard a shout for help from the river.(我们听到河里传来呼救声。)(n.) 20.fear n. 恐惧,害怕 【用法释义】指对危险、未知事物等产生的恐惧情绪,为不可数名词,也可用于“a fear of...”(对……的恐惧)结构,作可数名词。 【常用搭配】in fear(恐惧地,害怕地)、for fear of(唯恐,生怕)、overcome fear(克服恐惧) 例句: He couldn't hide his fear when he saw the snake.(看到蛇时,他无法掩饰自己的恐惧。) She lived in fear of being found by the bad guys.(她生活在害怕被坏人找到的恐惧中。) Many people have a fear of flying.(很多人都有飞行恐惧症。) 21.direction n. 方向 【用法释义】可指空间上的方向(东、南、西、北等),也可指“指示”“指导”,为可数名词,常用搭配有“in the direction of...”(朝……方向)。 【常用搭配】in all directions(四处,到处)、give directions(指路;给出指示)、right direction(正确方向) 例句: The wind is blowing from the direction of the sea.(风从大海的方向吹来。) Can you give me directions to the nearest hospital?(你能告诉我去最近医院的路吗?) After the explosion, people ran in all directions to escape.(爆炸后,人们四处奔跑逃生。) 22.brick n. 砖 【用法释义】指用于建筑的砖块,为可数名词,常用搭配有“brick wall”(砖墙)、“red brick”(红砖)。 【常用搭配】brick house(砖房)、brick by brick(一点一点地;逐步地) 例句: The workers are using bricks to build a new wall around the garden.(工人们正在用砖块在花园周围砌一堵新墙。) This old house is made of red bricks.(这座老房子是用红砖建造的。) He built his business brick by brick over the past 20 years.(过去20年里,他一步一步地建立起了自己的生意。) 23.silent adj. 安静的 【用法释义】指没有声音或声音很小的,也可指人“沉默的”“不说话的”,在句中可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】keep silent(保持沉默)、silent night(寂静的夜晚)、silent film(无声电影) 例句: The library is always silent, so people can read quietly.(图书馆总是很安静,这样人们可以安静地阅读。) She remained silent when the teacher asked her a question.(老师问她问题时,她保持沉默。) There was a silent moment after he finished speaking.(他说完话后,有一段沉默的时刻。) 24.nervous adj. 焦虑的;胆怯的 【用法释义】用于描述人因紧张、担心、害怕等情绪而感到不安的状态,在句中可作定语或表语,常用搭配有“be nervous about...”(对……感到紧张)。 【常用搭配】nervous person(紧张的人)、nervous breakdown(精神崩溃)、feel nervous(感到紧张) 例句: She feels nervous about taking the final exam.(她对参加期末考试感到紧张。) The little boy is nervous of strangers.(这个小男孩害怕陌生人。) His nervous hands made it hard for him to hold the cup.(他紧张得双手发抖,很难握住杯子。) 25.beat vi. & vt. (使)规律作响或运动;用力敲打 【用法释义】可表示心脏、脉搏等有规律地跳动,也可指用工具等用力敲打某物,还可表示“打败”(对手)。 【常用搭配】beat a drum(打鼓)、heart beat(心跳)、beat sb. in sth.(在某事上打败某人) 例句: His heart beat fast when he saw his favorite star.(看到自己最喜欢的明星时,他的心跳得很快。)(vi.) The rain beat against the windows all night.(雨整夜都敲打着窗户。)(vt.) Our team beat theirs in the basketball match yesterday.(昨天的篮球赛中,我们队打败了他们队。)(vt.) 26.calm vi. & vt. (使)平静,(使)镇静 【用法释义】作动词时,指使人或事物从激动、紧张的状态变得平静;也可作形容词,意为“平静的”“镇静的”。 【常用搭配】calm down(使)平静、stay calm(保持镇静)、calm oneself(使自己平静下来) 例句: She tried to calm the crying baby by singing a song.(她试图通过唱歌让哭泣的宝宝平静下来。)(vt.) The wind calmed down after the storm passed.(暴风雨过后,风平静了下来。)(vi.) You should stay calm when you face a difficult situation.(面对困难情况时,你应该保持镇静。)(adj.,此处补充形容词用法例句以完善理解) 27.since conj. 因为,既然 【用法释义】引导原因状语从句时,语气较弱,常表示对方已知的、显而易见的原因,从句多位于句首。此外,“since”还可作介词或副词,表示“自从……以来”。 【常用搭配】since then(从那以后)、ever since(自从;自……以后) 例句: Since it's raining heavily, we can't go out for a walk.(因为雨下得很大,我们不能出去散步了。) Since you know the truth, I don't need to explain it again.(既然你知道真相了,我就不用再解释了。) He has lived in this city since 2010.(自从2010年以来,他就住在这座城市。)(介词用法,补充以完整展示词性用法) 28.weak adj. 虚弱的 【用法释义】可用于描述人的身体虚弱、力气小,也可指物体“不牢固的”“易损坏的”,或抽象概念“薄弱的”“不擅长的”,在句中可作定语或表语。 【常用搭配】weak body(虚弱的身体)、weak point(弱点)、weak in English(英语不好) 例句: She has been weak since she got sick.(自从生病后,她的身体一直很虚弱。) The bridge is too weak to hold so many cars.(这座桥不够坚固,承受不了这么多汽车。) He is weak in math, so he needs to study harder.(他数学不好,所以需要更努力学习。) 29.voice n. 嗓音,说话声,唱歌声 【用法释义】指人说话或唱歌时发出的声音,区别于“sound”(泛指各种声音)和“noise”(噪音),为可数名词,常用搭配有“in a...voice”(用……的声音)。 【常用搭配】sweet voice(甜美的声音)、raise one's voice(提高声音)、lose one's voice(失声) 例句: We could hear her beautiful voice from the next room.(我们能从隔壁房间听到她美妙的歌声。) He spoke in a low voice so that no one else could hear.(他低声说话,这样别人就听不到了。) She lost her voice because she talked too much yesterday.(她因为昨天说话太多而失声了。) 30.except prep. (=except for)除…之外 【用法释义】表示从整体中排除某一部分,“except”后接的内容与整体属于同类;“except for”后接的内容与整体不属于同类,多用来修正整体的某个不足之处。 【常用搭配】except for(除……之外,用于非同类事物)、except that(除了……之外,后接从句) 例句: Everyone is here except Tom.(除了汤姆,所有人都到了。)(Tom和everyone同类) The room is clean except for a few books on the floor.(除了地板上的几本书,房间很干净。)(books和room非同类) I know nothing about him except that he is from Canada.(除了知道他来自加拿大,我对他一无所知。)(后接从句) 31.smoke n. 烟 【用法释义】指燃烧时产生的烟,为不可数名词,也可作动词,意为“吸烟”“冒烟”,常用搭配有“smoke from...”(来自……的烟)。 【常用搭配】heavy smoke(浓烟)、smoke a cigarette(抽香烟)、no smoking(禁止吸烟) 例句: There is a lot of smoke coming from the factory.(有大量的烟从工厂里冒出来。)(n.) He doesn't smoke because he knows it's bad for health.(他不吸烟,因为他知道吸烟对健康有害。)(vi.) The smoke made her cough badly.(烟让她咳得很厉害。)(n.) 32.burn vi.;vt. & vi. 着火;(使)烧毁,烧伤 【用法释义】作不及物动词时,指物体自行燃烧;作及物动词时,指“烧毁”某物或“烧伤”某人,常用搭配有“burn down”(烧毁)、“burn oneself”(烧伤自己)。 【常用搭配】burn out(燃尽;耗尽)、burn with anger(怒火中烧)、get burned(被烧伤;吃亏) 例句: The dry wood burned quickly in the fire.(干木头在火中很快就烧起来了。)(vi.,表着火) He burned his hand when he was cooking.(他做饭时烧伤了手。)(vt.,表烧伤) The old house was burned down in the big fire.(这座老房子在大火中被烧毁了。)(vt.,表烧毁) 33.heavily adv. 大量地 【用法释义】多用来修饰动词,描述雨、雪、风等下得或刮得大,也可表示“沉重地”“严重地”。 【常用搭配】rain heavily(下大雨)、snow heavily(下大雪)、breathe heavily(呼吸急促) 例句: It rained heavily last night, so the streets are wet today.(昨晚下了大雨,所以今天街道很湿。) The wind blew heavily and knocked down many trees.(风刮得很大,吹倒了很多树。) He fell to the ground heavily and hurt his leg.(他重重地摔在地上,伤到了腿。) 34.guess vt. & vi. 猜测,估计 【用法释义】指没有确切证据时凭想象或经验推测,可接名词、代词、从句作宾语,常用搭配有“guess at...”(猜测……)、“guess sb.'s age”(猜测某人的年龄)。 【常用搭配】make a guess(猜测,猜想)、guess right(猜对)、guess wrong(猜错) 例句: Can you guess how old my grandmother is?(你能猜出我奶奶多大年纪吗?)(vt.) I guess he will come back soon.(我估计他很快就会回来。)(vt.,接从句) Don't guess at the answer; you should check it carefully.(不要猜测答案,你应该仔细核对。)(vi.) 35.hat n. (常指带檐的)帽子 【用法释义】指有檐的帽子,如礼帽、棒球帽等,区别于无檐的“cap”(便帽),为可数名词,常用搭配有“put on a hat”(戴帽子)、“take off a hat”(摘帽子)。 【常用搭配】sun hat(太阳帽)、winter hat(冬帽)、hat shop(帽子店) 例句: She wore a beautiful hat to attend the wedding.(她戴了一顶漂亮的帽子去参加婚礼。) Don't forget to take your hat when you go out; it's very sunny.(出门时别忘了带上你的帽子,太阳很大。) He bought a new hat for his son as a birthday gift.(他给儿子买了一顶新帽子作为生日礼物。) 36.clear vt. 清除,清理 【用法释义】作及物动词时,指把某物从某处移走,使地方变干净或畅通;也可作形容词,意为“清澈的”“清楚的”,常用搭配有“clear up”(清理;放晴)、“clear the road”(清理道路)。 【常用搭配】clear the table(收拾桌子)、clear away(清除,收拾)、clear vision(清晰的视力) 例句: The workers are clearing the snow from the road.(工人们正在清理道路上的积雪。)(vt.) Please clear your desk before you leave the office.(离开办公室前,请清理好你的桌子。)(vt.) The sky became clear after the rain stopped.(雨停后,天空变得晴朗了。)(adj.,补充以完善用法) 37.policeman n. (pl. policemen)(男)警察 【用法释义】指男性警察,为可数名词,复数形式为“policemen”,女性警察用“policewoman”(pl. policewomen),统称“police”(不可数名词)。 【常用搭配】traffic policeman(交通警察)、policeman's uniform(警服) 例句: A policeman helped the old lady cross the road safely.(一名警察帮助老奶奶安全地过了马路。) My brother wants to be a policeman when he grows up.(我弟弟长大后想当一名警察。) The policemen are searching for the lost child in the park.(警察们正在公园里寻找那个失踪的孩子。) 38.ache n. & vi. 疼痛 【用法释义】作名词时,指持续的、轻微的疼痛,常与身体部位构成复合词,如“headache”(头痛)、“toothache”(牙痛);作动词时,指(身体部位)持续疼痛。 【常用搭配】back ache(背痛)、stomach ache(胃痛)、ache all over(浑身疼痛) 例句: She has a terrible headache and needs to lie down.(她头痛得厉害,需要躺下休息。)(n.,此处“headache”为复合词,体现“ache”名词用法) My legs ache after walking for a long time.(走了很长时间后,我的腿很疼。)(vi.) He complained of a stomach ache after eating too much.(吃太多后,他抱怨胃痛。)(n.,“stomach ache”为复合词) 39.postman n. (pl. postmen)邮递员 【用法释义】指负责投递信件、包裹等的工作人员,为可数名词,复数形式为“postmen”,也可称为“mailman”(美式英语)。 【常用搭配】postman's bag(邮包)、postman uniform(邮递员制服) 例句: The postman comes to our neighborhood every morning.(邮递员每天早上都会来我们小区。) My father used to be a postman when he was young.(我爸爸年轻时曾经是一名邮递员。) The postmen are busy delivering Christmas cards before Christmas.(圣诞节前,邮递员们忙着投递圣诞贺卡。) 40.airport n. 机场 【用法释义】指飞机起飞、降落和停靠的场所,为可数名词,常用搭配有“international airport”(国际机场)、“at the airport”(在机场)。 【常用搭配】airport terminal(机场航站楼)、airport shuttle(机场班车)、airport security(机场安检) 例句: We will meet our friends at the airport tomorrow afternoon.(明天下午我们将去机场接朋友。) This city has a new international airport that opened last year.(这座城市有一座去年开通的新国际机场。) You need to arrive at the airport two hours before the flight.(你需要在航班起飞前两小时到达机场。) 41.passport n. 护照 【用法释义】指公民出国时用于证明身份和国籍的证件,为可数名词,常用搭配有“valid passport”(有效护照)、“apply for a passport”(申请护照)。 【常用搭配】passport control(护照检查)、passport photo(护照照片) 例句: You must take your passport when you travel abroad.(出国旅行时,你必须带上护照。) He is applying for a new passport because his old one is expired.(他正在申请新护照,因为旧护照到期了。) The officer checked our passports carefully at the border.(在边境,官员仔细检查了我们的护照。) 42.close adj. 差一点儿,险些 【用法释义】此处为形容词用法,表示“接近的”“差一点就……的”,常用搭配有“a close call”(侥幸脱险;险些出事)、“close to”(接近……)。此外,“close”还可作动词,意为“关闭”;作副词,意为“紧密地”。 【常用搭配】close shave(侥幸的脱险;九死一生)、close friend(亲密的朋友)、close the door(关门) 例句: It was a close call; the car almost hit the child.(真是侥幸,那辆车差点撞到孩子。)(adj.) We came close to winning the game, but we lost in the end.(我们差点就赢得比赛了,但最后还是输了。)(adj.) Please close the window before you leave the room.(离开房间前,请关上窗户。)(v.,补充以展示多词性用法) 43.report vi. & vt. 报道;汇报 【用法释义】作动词时,“报道”指媒体对事件的公开介绍,“汇报”指向上级或相关人员说明情况,可接名词、代词、从句作宾语;也可作名词,意为“报道”“报告”。 【常用搭配】report news(报道新闻)、report to sb.(向某人汇报)、written report(书面报告) 例句: The newspaper reported the accident that happened yesterday.(报纸报道了昨天发生的那起事故。)(vt.,表报道) She will report to the manager on her work progress tomorrow.(明天她要向经理汇报工作进展。)(vi.,表汇报) He wrote a detailed report about the company's financial situation.(他写了一份关于公司财务状况的详细报告。)(n.,补充以完善用法) 44.including prep. 包括…在内 【用法释义】用于列举事物时,说明所列举的内容是整体的一部分,后接名词或代词,可位于句首、句中或句末。 【常用搭配】including sb./sth.(包括某人/某物) 例句: There are 50 students in our class, including 25 girls.(我们班有50名学生,包括25名女生。) Many people, including my parents, like this TV show.(很多人,包括我父母,都喜欢这个电视节目。) The tour includes many famous places, including the Great Wall.(这次旅行包括很多著名景点,其中就有长城。) 45.sign n. 标牌,指示牌 【用法释义】指用于传递信息、指示方向或警示的标牌,为可数名词,也可指“迹象”“征兆”,常用搭配有“road sign”(路标)、“warning sign”(警示标志)。 【常用搭配】traffic sign(交通标志)、no smoking sign(禁止吸烟标志)、sign of illness(疾病的征兆) 例句: You can follow the sign to find the nearest restroom.(你可以跟着指示牌找到最近的洗手间。)(表标牌) There is a "No Parking" sign in front of the building.(大楼前面有一个“禁止停车”的标牌。)(表标牌) The dark clouds are a sign that it will rain soon.(乌云是快要下雨的征兆。)(表迹象,补充以完善用法) 46.avoid vt. 避免,防止 【用法释义】为及物动词,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing sth.)作宾语,不可接动词不定式,常用搭配有“avoid doing sth.”(避免做某事)、“avoid danger”(避免危险)。 【常用搭配】avoid meeting sb.(避免见某人)、avoid mistakes(避免错误)、avoid trouble(避免麻烦) 例句: You should avoid eating too much sweet food to keep healthy.(为了保持健康,你应该避免吃太多甜食。)(后接动名词) He tried to avoid the heavy traffic by leaving early.(他通过早出发来尽量避开拥堵的交通。)(后接名词) We must take action to avoid this kind of accident from happening again.(我们必须采取行动,防止这类事故再次发生。)(后接名词) 47.wound n. 伤,伤口 【用法释义】指因刀、枪、事故等造成的外伤,为可数名词,区别于“injury”(可指身体任何部位的损伤,包括内伤),常用搭配有“open wound”(开放性伤口)、“heal a wound”(愈合伤口)。 【常用搭配】bullet wound(枪伤)、knife wound(刀伤)、wound care(伤口护理) 例句: The doctor cleaned the wound and put a bandage on it.(医生清洗了伤口,并给它缠上了绷带。) He got a deep wound on his arm in the fight.(他在打斗中手臂上受了很深的伤。) It will take a long time for this wound to heal completely.(这个伤口要完全愈合需要很长时间。) 48.bleed vi. 流血,失血 【用法释义】指身体因受伤而出血,为不及物动词,常用搭配有“bleed to death”(流血致死)、“bleed heavily”(大量出血)。 【常用搭配】bleed from(从……流血)、stop bleeding(止血) 例句: His nose started to bleed when he fell down.(他摔倒时,鼻子开始流血。) The patient is bleeding heavily, so we need to send him to the hospital at once.(病人正在大量出血,我们需要立即送他去医院。) She cut her finger and it bleed for a few minutes.(她割伤了手指,流了几分钟血。) 49.press vt. & vi. 按,压 【用法释义】作动词时,指用手或工具对某物施加压力,可接名词、代词作宾语;也可作名词,意为“新闻界”“出版社”,常用搭配有“press a button”(按按钮)、“press against”(压在……上)。 【常用搭配】press the doorbell(按门铃)、press down(压下)、the local press(地方新闻界) 例句: Please press the red button if you need help.(如果你需要帮助,请按红色按钮。)(vt.) He pressed his hands against the wall to push himself up.(他用手压着墙,把自己撑起来。)(vt.) The press reported a lot about the new policy.(新闻界对这项新政策进行了大量报道。)(n.,补充以完善用法) 50.firmly adv. 紧紧地 【用法释义】用来修饰动词,描述动作进行得牢固、紧密,也可表示“坚定地”“坚决地”,其形容词形式为“firm”(坚固的;坚定的)。 【常用搭配】hold firmly(紧紧抓住)、press firmly(用力按压)、believe firmly(坚信) 例句: She held her mother's hand firmly when crossing the busy street.(过马路时,她紧紧地握着妈妈的手。) Press the bandage firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding.(把绷带紧紧地压在伤口上止血。) He firmly believes that he can achieve his dream.(他坚定地相信自己能实现梦想。) 51.warn vt. & vi. 警告,告诫 【用法释义】指提醒某人注意可能发生的危险或错误,常用搭配有“warn sb. of sth.”(警告某人某事)、“warn sb. not to do sth.”(警告某人不要做某事),可作及物或不及物动词。 【常用搭配】warn against(告诫不要;提防)、give a warning(发出警告)、warning sign(警示标志) 例句: The teacher warned the students not to play near the river.(老师警告学生们不要在河边玩耍。)(vt.) The weather report warned of a strong typhoon coming.(天气预报警告说有一场强台风即将来临。)(vt.) He warned against eating the food that had gone bad.(他告诫不要吃那些变质的食物。)(vi.,与“against”搭配) 52.traffic n. 交通 【用法释义】泛指道路上车辆、行人的流动情况,为不可数名词,常用搭配有“heavy traffic”“light traffic”“traffic jam”等。 【常用搭配】traffic lights(交通信号灯)、traffic rules(交通规则)、traffic accident(交通事故) 例句: There is always heavy traffic in the city center during rush hours.(高峰时段,市中心的交通总是很拥堵。) You must obey the traffic rules when crossing the road.(过马路时,你必须遵守交通规则。) The new bridge will help to reduce the traffic pressure in this area.(这座新桥将有助于缓解该地区的交通压力。) 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1. After the heavy rain, all the children came back home ______. A. safe and sound B. in fear C. in all directions D. right away 2. We should keep calm when we face an ______. A. situation B. emergency C. accident D. typhoon 3. The ______ in our school doesn't work well in winter, so it's very cold in the classroom. A. heating B. lightning C. traffic D. smoke 4. Look! There is a lot of ______ in the sky. Maybe it will rain soon. A. thunder B. lightning C. smoke D. wind 5. Many ______ people had to live in the temporary shelters after the earthquake. A. homeless B. nervous C. weak D. silent 6. My father will take a ______ to Shanghai tomorrow because it's more comfortable than taking a train. A. bus B. coach C. car D. plane 7. A terrible ______ happened on this road yesterday. A car hit a bike and the biker was hurt. A. situation B. accident C. event D. thing 8. The ______ is very strong. We can't go out to play football. A. typhoon B. wind C. rain D. snow 9. The ______ of the old man is not good. He has been in hospital for a week. A. state B. situation C. condition D. position 10. When the building was on fire, many ______ rushed into it to save people. A. policemen B. postmen C. firemen D. teachers 11. The ______ is very heavy in the morning. So my mother always drives me to school earlier. A. traffic B. people C. cars D. bikes 12. He got a ______ headache yesterday, but he still went to school. A. heavy B. slight C. strong D. big 13. The ground ______ when the earthquake happened. Everyone was very scared. A. shook B. beat C. burned D. cleared 14. We could hear the ______ during the storm. It was very loud A. lightning B. thunder C. wind D. rain 15. The soldiers found a ______ in the old house and called the police at once. A. bomb B. brick C. passport D. sign 16. She ______ for help when she saw a snake in the grass. A. spoke B. talked C. shouted D. said 17. The little girl looked at the big dog in ______ because she was afraid of it. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. happiness 18. The birds flew away in ______ when they heard the big noise. A. one direction B. all directions C. the same direction D. no direction 19. The house is made of ______. It looks very strong. A. wood B. bricks C. stones D. paper 20. When the teacher came into the classroom, all the students kept ______. A. silent B. nervous C. calm D. weak 21. The little boy felt ______ when he stood in front of many people. A. silent B. nervous C. calm D. happy 22. His heart ______ fast when he ran to the finish line. A. shook B. beat C. burned D. cleared 23. He ______ "I can do it by myself" when he faced the difficult task. A. said to himself B. talked to himself C. spoke to himself D. told to himself 24. You should ______ down first when you are in danger. Panic can't help you. A. calm B. put C. take D. keep 25. ______ you have finished your homework, you can watch TV for half an hour. A. Since B. Because C. Though D. If 26. The old woman is too ______ to carry the heavy box. Let's help her. A. strong B. weak C. healthy D. happy 27. We could hear a sweet ______ from the next room. It was Mary singing. A. sound B. voice C. noise D. shout 28. Everyone in my family likes eating apples ______ my brother. He likes bananas best. A. except B. besides C. including D. beside 29. There is a lot of ______ from the factory. It's bad for our health. A. water B. smoke C. air D. rain 30. The dry wood ______ easily. So we shouldn't put it near the fire. A. shakes B. beats C. burns D. clears 31. The firemen worked hard to ______ the big fire. A. put out B. put on C. put up D. put off 32. It rained ______ last night. The streets are all wet now. A. heavily B. hardly C. lightly D. quickly 33. I ______ that he will come to the party tonight. Because he told me he would. A. guess B. think C. believe D. know 34. He wears a ______ to protect his face from the strong sun. A. cap B. hat C. coat D. sweater 35. Please ______ the snow in front of the door. It's dangerous for the old people. A. clear B. clean C. sweep D. brush 36. A ______ helped the lost child find his parents yesterday. A. policeman B. postman C. fireman D. doctor 37. My back ______ a lot. I think I need to have a rest. A. aches B. hurts C. pains D. wounds 38. The ______ delivered a letter to my home this morning. A. policeman B. postman C. fireman D. teacher 39. You need to show your ______ when you go abroad. A. ID card B. passport C. student card D. bank card 40. He was ______ hit by a car when he crossed the road. Luckily, he only got a slight injury. A. close B. nearly C. hardly D. almost 答案及解析: 1. A 【解析】“safe and sound”表示“安然无恙”,符合“大雨后孩子们都回家了”的语境;B选项“in fear”意为“恐惧地”;C选项“in all directions”意为“四处”;D选项“right away”意为“立即”,均不符合语境。 2. B 【解析】“emergency”指“紧急情况”,句意为“面对紧急情况时我们应保持冷静”;A选项“situation”泛指“情况”;C选项“accident”指“事故”;D选项“typhoon”指“台风”,此处强调“紧急”,故选B。 3. A 【解析】“heating”表示“供暖”,结合“冬天教室里冷”可知是供暖设备坏了;B选项“lightning”指“闪电”;C选项“traffic”指“交通”;D选项“smoke”指“烟”,均不符合语境。 4. B 【解析】“lightning”是“闪电”,能看到;A选项“thunder”是“雷声”,只能听到;C选项“smoke”指“烟”;D选项“wind”指“风”,根据“看天空”可知选B。 5. A 【解析】“homeless”意为“无家可归的”,地震后无家可归的人住临时避难所,符合语境;B选项“nervous”指“焦虑的”;C选项“weak”指“虚弱的”;D选项“silent”指“安静的”,均不符合。 6. B 【解析】“coach”指“长途汽车”,比火车舒适;A选项“bus”是普通公交车;C选项“car”是小汽车;D选项“plane”是飞机,根据“比火车舒适”可知选B。 7. B 【解析】“accident”指“事故”,汽车撞自行车是交通事故;A选项“situation”指“情况”;C选项“event”指“重大事件”;D选项“thing”泛指“东西”,故选B。 8. A 【解析】“typhoon”指“台风”,威力大到不能出门踢球;B选项“wind”是普通的风;C选项“rain”是雨;D选项“snow”是雪,结合“不能出门”的程度可知选A。 9. A 【解析】“state”指“状态,情况”,侧重人的身体、精神状态;B选项“situation”指“形势,局面”;C选项“condition”侧重“健康状况”,常用“in...condition”;D选项“position”指“位置”,此处用“state”更合适。 10. C 【解析】“firemen”是“消防员”,建筑物着火时消防员救人;A选项“policemen”是警察;B选项“postmen”是邮递员;D选项“teachers”是老师,故选C。 11. A 【解析】“traffic”指“交通”,早上交通拥堵所以要早出门;B选项“people”指人;C选项“cars”指汽车;D选项“bikes”指自行车,“traffic is heavy”是固定表达“交通拥堵”,故选A。 12. B 【解析】“slight”指“轻微的”,轻微头痛仍去上学符合语境;A选项“heavy”指“严重的”;C选项“strong”指“强烈的”;D选项“big”指“大的”,均不符合“仍去上学”的逻辑。 13. A 【解析】“shook”是“shake”的过去式,意为“摇动”,地震时地面摇动;B选项“beat”指“敲打,跳动”;C选项“burned”指“燃烧”;D选项“cleared”指“清除”,故选A。 14. B 【解析】“thunder”指“雷声”,暴风雨中能听到雷声;A选项“lightning”指“闪电”,能看到;C选项“wind”指“风”;D选项“rain”指“雨”,根据“听到”可知选B。 15. A 【解析】“bomb”指“炸弹”,士兵发现炸弹后报警符合语境;B选项“brick”指“砖”;C选项“passport”指“护照”;D选项“sign”指“标牌”,均不符合。 16. C 【解析】“shouted”是“shout”的过去式,意为“呼喊”,看到蛇时呼喊求救;A选项“spoke”强调说某种语言;B选项“talked”指“交谈”;D选项“said”强调说的内容,故选C。 17. A 【解析】“in fear”意为“恐惧地”,小女孩害怕大狗所以恐惧地看着它;B选项“in surprise”指“惊讶地”;C选项“in anger”指“生气地”;D选项“in happiness”指“开心地”,故选A。 18. B 【解析】“in all directions”意为“四处”,鸟听到巨响四处飞散;A选项“one direction”指“一个方向”;C选项“the same direction”指“相同方向”;D选项“no direction”指“没有方向”,故选B。 19. B 【解析】“bricks”是“brick”的复数,意为“砖”,房子用砖砌成;A选项“wood”指“木头”;C选项“stones”指“石头”;D选项“paper”指“纸”,根据“看起来坚固”可知选B。 20. A 【解析】“silent”指“安静的”,老师进教室后学生保持安静;B选项“nervous”指“焦虑的”;C选项“calm”指“平静的”;D选项“weak”指“虚弱的”,故选A。 21. B 【解析】“nervous”指“焦虑的,胆怯的”,小男孩在很多人面前会胆怯;A选项“silent”指“安静的”;C选项“calm”指“平静的”;D选项“happy”指“开心的”,故选B。 22. B 【解析】“beat”指“(心脏)跳动”,跑向终点线时心跳加速;A选项“shook”指“摇动”;C选项“burned”指“燃烧”;D选项“cleared”指“清除”,故选B。 23. A 【解析】“say to oneself”是固定搭配“暗想,自言自语”,强调心里想的内容;B、C选项搭配不当;D选项“told”后需接宾语,不能用“told to oneself”,故选A。 24. A 【解析】“calm down”是固定短语“(使)平静”,遇到危险时要先平静;B选项“put down”指“放下”;C选项“take down”指“记下”;D选项“keep down”指“控制”,故选A。 25. A 【解析】“since”此处引导原因状语从句,意为“因为,既然”,表已知的原因;B选项“because”表直接原因;C选项“though”表让步;D选项“if”表条件,故选A。 26. B 【解析】“weak”指“虚弱的”,老人太虚弱搬不动重箱子;A选项“strong”指“强壮的”;C选项“healthy”指“健康的”;D选项“happy”指“开心的”,故选B。 27. B 【解析】“voice”指“人的嗓音”,此处指玛丽唱歌的声音;A选项“sound”泛指一切声音;C选项“noise”指“噪音”;D选项“shout”指“呼喊声”,故选B。 28. A 【解析】“except”指“除……之外(不包含在内)”,家人都喜欢苹果除了哥哥;B选项“besides”指“除……之外(包含在内)”;C选项“including”指“包括”;D选项“beside”指“在……旁边”,故选A。 29. B 【解析】“smoke”指“烟”,工厂排放的烟有害健康;A选项“water”指“水”;C选项“air”指“空气”;D选项“rain”指“雨”,故选B。 30. C 【解析】“burns”是“burn”的第三人称单数,意为“燃烧”,干木头容易燃烧;A选项“shakes”指“摇动”;B选项“beats”指“敲打”;D选项“clears”指“清除”,故选C。 31. A 【解析】“put out”指“扑灭,熄灭”,消防员努力扑灭大火;B选项“put on”指“穿上”;C选项“put up”指“张贴”;D选项“put off”指“推迟”,故选A。 32. A 【解析】“heavily”修饰“rain”,表示“雨下得大”;B选项“hardly”指“几乎不”;C选项“lightly”指“轻轻地”;D选项“quickly”指“快速地”,故选A。 33. A 【解析】“guess”指“猜测,估计”,根据“他告诉我他会来”可知是猜测;B选项“think”指“认为”;C选项“believe”指“相信”;D选项“know”指“知道”,此处语气更偏向“猜测”,故选A。 34. B 【解析】“hat”常指“带檐的帽子”,能遮阳;A选项“cap”指“无檐或短檐的帽子”;C选项“coat”指“外套”;D选项“sweater”指“毛衣”,故选B。 35. A 【解析】“clear”指“清除,清理”,清理门前的雪;B选项“clean”指“打扫,使干净”;C选项“sweep”指“扫”;D选项“brush”指“刷”,“clear the snow”更侧重“清除”的结果,故选A。 36. A 【解析】“policeman”指“警察”,警察帮助迷路的孩子找父母;B选项“postman”指“邮递员”;C选项“fireman”指“消防员”;D选项“doctor”指“医生”,故选A。 37. A 【解析】“aches”是“ache”的第三人称单数,“ache”常指身体部位持续的疼痛,如背痛、头痛;B选项“hurts”泛指疼痛;C选项“pains”指“痛苦”;D选项“wounds”指“伤口”,“back aches”是常用表达,故选A。 38. B 【解析】“postman”指“邮递员”,邮递员送信;A选项“policeman”指“警察”;C选项“fireman”指“消防员”;D选项“teacher”指“老师”,故选B。 39. B 【解析】“passport”指“护照”,出国需要护照;A选项“ID card”指“身份证”;C选项“student card”指“学生证”;D选项“bank card”指“银行卡”,故选B。 40. A 【解析】“close”此处为形容词,意为“差一点儿,险些”,他过马路时险些被车撞;B选项“nearly”和D选项“almost”是副词,意为“几乎”,此处需要形容词;C选项“hardly”指“几乎不”,故选A。 二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. The ground ______ (shake) heavily when the earthquake happened last night. 2. Our school provides ______ (heat) for all classrooms to keep warm in winter. 3. The kind volunteer often helps ______ (home) people by offering them shelters. 4. Several traffic ______ (accident) happened on this road because of the thick fog. 5. The strong wind blew ______ (terrible) and many big trees were blown down. 6. Different ______ (state) of this country have different natural resources. 7. Three ______ (fireman) rushed into the burning building to save the little girl. 8. The temperature dropped ______ (slight) last night, so we felt a little cool this morning. 9. It ______ (thunder) loudly when we were walking home from school yesterday. 10. Some dangerous ______ (bomb) were found by the police in the old factory. 11. The mother ______ (shout) at her son because he broke the expensive vase. 12. She felt ______ (fear) when she heard the strange noise in the dark room. 13. Birds flew in all ______ (direction) when they heard the loud gunfire. 14. The workers used hundreds of ______ (brick) to build the new wall. 15. Everyone sat ______ (silent) and listened to the teacher's story carefully. 16. The little boy walked ______ (nervous) into the principal's office. 17. His heart ______ (beat) fast when he saw the big dog running towards him. 18. He ______ (say) to himself, "I can finish this math problem by myself." 19. She spoke ______ (calm) even though she was very angry with her brother. 20. The old man walked ______ (weak) because he hadn't eaten anything for two days. 21. Their ______ (voice) could be heard clearly from the next room. 22. Look! The house over there is ______ (smoke) — there must be a fire. 23. The old house ______ (burn) down in the big fire last weekend. 24. It rained ______ (heavy) last night, and the playground was full of water this morning. 25. She ______ (guess) the correct answer to the English question yesterday. 26. They all wore sun ______ (hat) to protect their faces from the strong sunlight. 27. He ______ (clear) his desk and started to do his homework after school. 28. Two ______ (policeman) arrived at the accident scene to help the injured people. 29. My head ______ (ache) badly after I studied for four hours without a break. 30. Three ______ (postman) came to our community to deliver newspapers this morning. 答案与解析: 1. shook 【解析】根据时间状语“last night”(昨晚)可知,句子需用一般过去时;shake(摇动)的过去式为不规则变化“shook”,此处表示“地震发生时地面剧烈摇晃”,符合语境。 2. heating 【解析】provide(提供)后需接名词作宾语;heat作动词时意为“加热”,此处需表达“供暖”的含义,故变形为名词“heating”,符合“学校为教室提供供暖”的语境。 3. homeless 【解析】此处需形容词修饰名词“people”(人);home(家)的形容词形式“homeless”意为“无家可归的”,符合“志愿者帮助无家可归的人”的语境。 4. accidents 【解析】several(几个)后接可数名词复数;accident(事故)的复数形式为“accidents”,此处表示“因大雾发生多起交通事故”,符合语法规则与语境。 5. terribly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“blew”(吹);terrible(可怕的)的副词形式为“terribly”,意为“猛烈地”,此处表示“大风猛烈地吹”,符合语法要求。 6. states 【解析】different(不同的)后接可数名词复数;state(州;状态)在此处指“国家的不同州”,复数形式为“states”,符合“不同州有不同自然资源”的语境。 7. firemen 【解析】three(三个)后接可数名词复数;fireman(消防员)的复数形式为不规则变化“firemen”,此处表示“三名消防员冲进着火的房子”,符合语法与语境。 8. slightly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“dropped”(下降);slight(轻微的)的副词形式为“slightly”,意为“轻微地”,此处表示“温度轻微下降”,符合语法要求。 9. thundered 【解析】根据时间状语“yesterday”(昨天)及语境“我们走回家时”,句子需用一般过去时;thunder(打雷)的过去式为“thundered”,此处表示“当时雷声很大”,符合语境。 10. bombs 【解析】some(一些)后接可数名词复数;bomb(炸弹)的复数形式为“bombs”,此处表示“警察发现一些危险炸弹”,符合语法规则与语境。 11. shouted 【解析】根据原因状语从句“because he broke...”(一般过去时),主句需用一般过去时;shout(呼喊)的过去式为“shouted”,此处表示“妈妈因儿子打碎花瓶而大喊”,符合语境。 12. fearful 【解析】feel(感觉)后接形容词作表语;fear(恐惧)的形容词形式为“fearful”,意为“害怕的”,此处表示“她在黑暗中听到奇怪声音时感到害怕”,符合语法与语境。 13. directions 【解析】all(所有的)后接可数名词复数;direction(方向)的复数形式为“directions”,“in all directions”为固定短语,意为“四处”,此处表示“鸟听到枪声后四处飞”,符合固定搭配。 14. bricks 【解析】hundreds of(数百个)后接可数名词复数;brick(砖)的复数形式为“bricks”,此处表示“工人用数百块砖砌墙”,符合语法规则与语境。 15. silently 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“sat”(坐);silent(安静的)的副词形式为“silently”,意为“安静地”,此处表示“大家安静地坐着听故事”,符合语法要求。 16. nervously 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“walked”(走);nervous(焦虑的)的副词形式为“nervously”,意为“紧张地”,此处表示“小男孩紧张地走进校长办公室”,符合语法与语境。 17. beat 【解析】根据时间状语从句“when he saw...”(一般过去时),主句需用一般过去时;beat((心脏)跳动)的过去式为不规则变化“beat”(与原形同形),此处表示“他看到大狗时心跳加速”,符合语境。 18. said 【解析】根据直接引语内容“我能自己完成数学题”,句子描述过去发生的“暗想”,需用一般过去时;say(说)的过去式为“said”,“say to oneself”为固定短语,意为“暗想”,符合固定搭配与语境。 19. calmly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“spoke”(说);calm(平静的)的副词形式为“calmly”,意为“平静地”,此处表示“尽管她很生气,但说话仍很平静”,符合语法与语境。 20. weakly 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“walked”(走);weak(虚弱的)的副词形式为“weakly”,意为“虚弱地”,此处表示“老人因两天没吃饭而虚弱地走路”,符合语法要求。 21. voices 【解析】their(他们的)后接可数名词复数(此处指多人的声音);voice(嗓音)的复数形式为“voices”,此处表示“从隔壁能清楚听到他们的声音”,符合语法与语境。 22. smoking 【解析】根据“Look!”(看)可知,句子需用现在进行时(be+doing);smoke(冒烟)的现在分词形式为“smoking”,此处表示“房子正在冒烟,一定是着火了”,符合现在进行时的用法。 23. burnt/burned 【解析】根据时间状语“last weekend”(上周末),句子需用一般过去时;burn(烧毁)的过去式为“burnt”或“burned”(两种形式均正确),此处表示“老房子在上周末的大火中烧毁”,符合语境。 24. heavily 【解析】此处需副词修饰动词“rained”(下雨);heavy(大量的)的副词形式为“heavily”,意为“大量地”,此处表示“昨晚下大雨”,符合语法与语境。 25. guessed 【解析】根据时间状语“yesterday”(昨天),句子需用一般过去时;guess(猜测)的过去式为“guessed”,此处表示“她昨天猜对了英语题的答案”,符合语境。 26. hats 【解析】all(所有的)后接可数名词复数;hat(帽子)的复数形式为“hats”,“sun hats”意为“太阳帽”,此处表示“他们都戴太阳帽防晒”,符合语法与语境。 27. cleared 【解析】根据并列谓语“started”(一般过去时),此处需用一般过去时保持时态一致;clear(清除)的过去式为“cleared”,此处表示“他清理完书桌后开始写作业”,符合语境。 28. policemen 【解析】two(两个)后接可数名词复数;policeman(男警察)的复数形式为不规则变化“policemen”,此处表示“两名警察到达事故现场帮忙”,符合语法与语境。 29. ached 【解析】根据时间状语从句“after I studied...”(一般过去时),主句需用一般过去时;ache(疼痛)的过去式为“ached”,此处表示“我学习四小时后头疼得厉害”,符合语境。 30. postmen 【解析】three(三个)后接可数名词复数;postman(邮递员)的复数形式为不规则变化“postmen”,此处表示“三名邮递员来社区送报纸”,符合语法与语境。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 听到他安然无恙的消息,我们都松了一口气。 We all felt relieved when we heard that he was ______ ______ ______. 2. 在紧急情况下,保持冷静非常重要。 It is very important to stay calm in an ______ ______. 3. 这个地区的供暖系统在冬天运行良好。 The ______ ______ in this area works well in winter. 4. 昨天晚上闪电过后,紧接着就是一声巨响。 After the ______ last night, there was a loud noise right away. 5. 许多无家可归的人在寒冷的冬天需要帮助。 Many ______ people need help in the cold winter. 6. 他们乘坐长途汽车去另一个城市看望朋友。 They took a ______ to another city to visit their friends. 7. 这场可怕的台风给当地造成了很大的损失。 This ______ ______ caused great damage to the local area. 8. 消防员们迅速赶到现场,开始灭火。 The ______ arrived at the scene quickly and started to put out the fire. 9. 由于交通拥堵,我今天早上上学迟到了。 I was late for school this morning because of the heavy ______. 10. 她只是受了点轻微的伤,很快就会康复。 She only got a ______ injury and will recover soon. 11. 地震发生时,我能感觉到地面在摇动。 When the earthquake happened, I could feel the ground ______. 12. 听到雷声,孩子们害怕地躲到了桌子下面。 Hearing the ______, the children hid under the table ______ ______. 13. 人们在黑暗中朝着不同的方向奔跑。 People ran in ______ ______ in the dark. 14. 他用一些砖把那个洞口堵住了。 He blocked the hole with some ______. 15. 图书馆里很安静,每个人都在认真看书。 It is ______ in the library and everyone is reading carefully. 16. 在陌生人面前,她总是显得很焦虑。 She always looks ______ in front of strangers. 17. 我能听到他的心脏在快速地跳动。 I could hear his heart ______ quickly. 18. 他自言自语道:“我必须按时完成这项工作。” He ______ ______ ______, "I must finish this work on time." 19. 老师尽力让激动的学生们平静下来。 The teacher tried her best to ______ the excited students ______. 20. 既然你已经知道了真相,就不应该再隐瞒了。 ______ you already know the truth, you shouldn't hide it anymore. 21. 生病之后,她的身体变得很虚弱。 After being ill, her body became very ______. 22. 除了他之外,所有人都参加了昨天的会议。 Everyone ______ him attended the meeting yesterday. 23. 烟从窗户里冒出来,我们意识到房子着火了。 ______ was coming out of the window and we realized the house was ______. 24. 昨晚雨下得很大,导致了一些道路积水。 It rained ______ last night, which caused water to collect on some roads. 25. 我猜测他可能不会来参加这次聚会了。 I ______ that he might not come to this party. 26. 他戴着一顶帽子,以防被太阳晒伤。 He wore a ______ to avoid getting sunburned. 27. 警察很快清理了事故现场的碎片。 The ______ quickly ______ the debris at the accident scene. 28. 长时间看书后,我的眼睛开始疼痛。 After reading for a long time, my eyes started to ______. 29. 迄今为止,我们已经帮助了两百多名贫困学生。 ______ ______, we have helped more than 200 poor students. 30. 他警告我们不要在这条河里游泳,因为水太深了。 He ______ us not to swim in this river because the water is too deep. 答案与解析: 1. safe and sound 【解析】“安然无恙”是固定短语,对应词汇表中的“safe and sound”,在句中作表语,符合语境。 2. emergency situation 【解析】“紧急情况”对应词汇表中的“emergency”(n. 紧急情况)和“situation”(n. 情况),组合为“emergency situation”,不定冠词“an”后接可数名词单数短语,符合语法。 3. heating system 【解析】“供暖”对应词汇表中的“heating”(n. 供暖),“系统”常用“system”,“heating system”表示“供暖系统”,为常用搭配,符合句子表达需求。 4. lightning 【解析】“闪电”对应词汇表中的“lightning”(n. 闪电),为不可数名词,直接作介词“after”的宾语,符合语境。 5. homeless 【解析】“无家可归的”对应词汇表中的“homeless”(adj. 无家可归的),在句中作定语修饰“people”,符合语法和语义。 6. coach 【解析】“长途汽车”对应词汇表中的“coach”(n. 长途汽车),不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,符合句子结构。 7. terrible typhoon 【解析】“可怕的”对应词汇表中的“terrible”(adj. 可怕的),“台风”对应“typhoon”(n. 台风),“terrible typhoon”表示“可怕的台风”,形容词修饰名词,符合表达习惯。 8. firemen 【解析】“消防员”对应词汇表中的“fireman”(n. 消防员),其复数形式为“firemen”,句中表示多位消防员,用复数形式,符合语境。 9. traffic 【解析】“交通”对应词汇表中的“traffic”(n. 交通),“heavy traffic”为固定搭配,表示“交通拥堵”,符合句子中“迟到”的原因表述。 10. slight 【解析】“轻微的”对应词汇表中的“slight”(adj. 轻微的),在句中作定语修饰“injury”(伤),符合“很快康复”的前提语境。 11. shaking 【解析】“摇动”对应词汇表中的“shake”(vi. 摇动),“feel sb./sth. doing sth.”为固定结构,表示“感觉到某人/某物正在做某事”,此处用“shaking”(现在分词),符合语法。 12. thunder; in fear 【解析】第一空“雷声”对应词汇表中的“thunder”(n. 雷声),为不可数名词;第二空“恐惧地”对应固定短语“in fear”,在句中作状语修饰“hid”,符合语境。 13. all directions 【解析】“四处,到处”对应词汇表中的固定短语“in all directions”,句中“different”可省略(“in all directions”本身已含“各个方向”之意),符合表达“奔跑的方向杂乱”的语境。 14. bricks 【解析】“砖”对应词汇表中的“brick”(n. 砖),为可数名词,“some”后接复数形式“bricks”,符合语法。 15. silent 【解析】“安静的”对应词汇表中的“silent”(adj. 安静的),在句中作表语,描述图书馆的环境,符合语义。 16. nervous 【解析】“焦虑的”对应词汇表中的“nervous”(adj. 焦虑的),在句中作表语,描述人的状态,符合语境。 17. beating 【解析】“(心脏)跳动”对应词汇表中的“beat”(vi. (使)规律作响或运动),“hear sth. doing sth.”表示“听到某物正在做某事”,此处用“beating”(现在分词),符合语法和“心脏跳动”的语义。 18. said to himself 【解析】“自言自语”对应词汇表中的固定短语“say to oneself”,句子主语为“he”,反身代词用“himself”;结合语境“道”可知动作发生在过去,动词用过去式“said”,即“said to himself”。 19. calm; down 【解析】“(使)平静”对应词汇表中的固定短语“calm down”,“try one's best to do sth.”后接动词原形,故第一空填“calm”,第二空填“down”。 20. Since 【解析】“因为,既然”对应词汇表中的“since”(conj. 因为,既然),引导原因状语从句,符合“已知真相”的语境,句首首字母大写。 21. weak 【解析】“虚弱的”对应词汇表中的“weak”(adj. 虚弱的),在句中作表语,描述身体状态,符合“生病后”的语境。 22. except 【解析】“除…之外”对应词汇表中的“except”(prep. 除…之外),后接宾语“him”,表示“不包含他”,符合“所有人都参加”的语义。 23. Smoke; burning 【解析】第一空“烟”对应词汇表中的“smoke”(n. 烟),为不可数名词,句首首字母大写;第二空“着火”对应“burn”(vi. 着火),“be + 现在分词”构成现在进行时,故填“burning”,表示“房子正在着火”。 24. heavily 【解析】“大量地”(修饰下雨)对应词汇表中的“heavily”(adv. 大量地),在句中作状语修饰动词“rained”,符合“雨下得大”的语境。 25. guess 【解析】“猜测”对应词汇表中的“guess”(vt. 猜测),句子描述当前的想法,用一般现在时,主语为“I”,动词用原形。 26. hat 【解析】“帽子”(常指带檐的)对应词汇表中的“hat”(n. 帽子),不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,符合句子结构。 27. policemen; clear 【解析】第一空“警察”对应词汇表中的“policeman”(n. 警察),此处表示多位警察,用复数“policemen”;第二空“清除”对应“clear”(vt. 清除),“quickly”后接动词原形,与“policemen”构成主谓结构,符合“清理碎片”的语义。 28. ache 【解析】“疼痛”对应词汇表中的“ache”(vi. 疼痛),“start to do sth.”后接动词原形,故填“ache”,描述眼睛的感受。 29. So far 【解析】“迄今为止”对应词汇表中的固定短语“so far”,常用于现在完成时(句中“have helped”为现在完成时),句首首字母大写。 30. warned 【解析】“警告”对应词汇表中的“warn”(vt. 警告),结合语境“警告我们”可知动作发生在过去,动词用过去式“warned”,“warn sb. not to do sth.”为固定搭配,符合句子结构和语义。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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36.Unit 8 Safe and sound(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
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36.Unit 8 Safe and sound(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
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36.Unit 8 Safe and sound(重点词汇)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
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