内容正文:
译林版 必修三 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world. 期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
republic /rɪˈpʌblɪk/ n. 共和国,共和政体
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.(中华人民共和国成立于1949年。)
republican /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/ adj. 共和的;n. 共和党人
1. This country has a republican system.(这个国家实行共和制。)2. He is a member of the Republican Party.(他是共和党成员。)
2
deadly /ˈdedli/ adj. 致命的;十足的,彻底的
The poisonous snake has a deadly bite.(这条毒蛇的咬伤是致命的。)
deadliness /ˈdedlinəs/ n. 致命性
The deadliness of this virus makes it hard to control.(这种病毒的致命性使其难以控制。)
3
survival /səˈvaɪvl/ n. 生存,存活;残存物,幸存事物
His survival in the plane crash was a real miracle.(他在空难中幸存下来,真是个奇迹。)
1. survive /səˈvaɪv/ v. 生存,存活;幸存2. survivor /səˈvaɪvə(r)/ n. 幸存者,生还者
1. Many plants can survive in dry deserts.(许多植物能在干旱的沙漠中存活。)2. The survivors of the earthquake were sent to safe places.(地震幸存者被送往了安全地带。)
4
province /ˈprɒvɪns/ n. 省,省份
Sichuan is a famous province in western China.(四川是中国西部的一个著名省份。)
provincial /prəˈvɪnʃl/ adj. 省的;地方性的;n. 外省人
1. This is a provincial museum with many local relics.(这是一座省级博物馆,有许多地方文物。)2. He was considered a provincial by people in the capital.(他被首都人视为外省人。)
5
broad /brɔːd/ adj. 广泛的;宽阔的,广阔的;概括的;开阔的
The river has a broad surface, so we take a boat to cross it.(这条河河面宽阔,我们坐船过河。)
1. broadly /ˈbrɔːdli/ adv. 广泛地;大体上2. breadth /bredθ/ n. 宽度;广度
1. His interests are broadly spread from art to science.(他的兴趣广泛,从艺术到科学都有涉及。)2. The breadth of the table is 1.2 meters.(这张桌子的宽度是1.2米。)
6
intend /ɪnˈtend/ vt. & vi. 想要,计划;意指
I intend to visit my grandparents during the summer holiday.(我计划暑假去看望祖父母。)
1. intention /ɪnˈtenʃn/ n. 意图,目的;打算2. intentional /ɪnˈtenʃənl/ adj. 故意的,有意的
1. She has no intention of giving up her dream.(她没有放弃梦想的打算。)2. His mistake was not intentional—he just forgot.(他的错误不是故意的,只是忘了。)
7
extract /ˈekstrækt/ n. 提取物;选录;/ɪkˈstrækt/ vt. 提取;选录;取出
1. This honey is an extract from wild flowers.(这种蜂蜜是野花提取物。)(n.)2. The dentist extracted my bad tooth yesterday.(牙医昨天拔掉了我的坏牙。)(v.)
1. extraction /ɪkˈstrækʃn/ n. 提取;提炼;出身2. extractive /ɪkˈstræktɪv/ adj. 提取的;采掘的
1. The extraction of oil from this area takes a long time.(从这个地区开采石油需要很长时间。)2. This factory uses extractive technology to get useful materials.(这家工厂采用提取技术获取有用材料。)
8
herb /hɜːb/ n. 药草,香草;草本
Mint is a common herb used to flavor food.(薄荷是一种常见的香草,用于给食物调味。)
herbal /ˈhɜːbl/ adj. 草本的;药草的;n. 草药书
1. She drinks herbal tea every evening to relax.(她每晚喝花草茶放松。)2. This herbal has many recipes for treating small illnesses.(这本草药书有很多治疗小病的偏方。)
9
experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n. 实验,试验;尝试,实践;vi. 做试验,进行实验
The students did an experiment to test how plants grow.(学生们做了一个实验,测试植物如何生长。)
1. experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/ adj. 实验性的;试验性的2. experimentally /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəli/ adv. 实验性地;试验性地
1. This is an experimental product—we are still testing it.(这是一款实验性产品,我们还在测试。)2. They tested the new drug experimentally on mice first.(他们先在老鼠身上实验性地测试了这种新药。)
10
trial /ˈtraɪəl/ n. 试用,试验;审讯,审判;考验;vi. & vt. 测试,试验
The new phone is on trial—you can use it for free for a week.(这款新手机正在试用,你可以免费使用一周。)
1. try /traɪ/ v. 尝试;努力;审判;n. 尝试2. trial /ˈtraɪəl/ adj. 试验性的;审讯的
1. I will try my best to pass the exam.(我会尽力通过考试。)2. We need to do a trial run before the official launch.(正式推出前,我们需要进行一次试运行。)
11
limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的
Our time for this task is limited, so we must work fast.(我们完成这项任务的时间有限,必须加快速度。)
1. limit /ˈlɪmɪt/ v. 限制,限定;n. 限制;限度2. limitation /ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 限制;局限性
1. Parents should limit their children's screen time.(父母应该限制孩子的屏幕使用时间。)2. The main limitation of this method is its high cost.(这种方法的主要局限是成本高。)
12
household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ adj. 家庭的,家用的,家务的;n. 一家人,家庭
This is a popular household cleaner that kills germs.(这是一款受欢迎的家用清洁剂,能杀菌。)
householder /ˈhaʊshəʊldə(r)/ n. 户主;住户
The householder signed the paper to confirm the repair.(户主签了字,确认维修事宜。)
13
container /kənˈteɪnə(r)/ n. 容器;集装箱,货柜
We need a plastic container to store these cookies.(我们需要一个塑料容器来装这些饼干。)
1. contain /kənˈteɪn/ v. 包含;容纳;控制2. containable /kənˈteɪnəbl/ adj. 可容纳的;可控制的
1. This box contains 20 books about history.(这个盒子装着20本历史书。)2. The fire was containable because the wind was weak.(因为风小,火势是可控制的。)
14
postpone /pəˈspəʊn/ vt. 延迟,延期
We had to postpone the sports meeting because of heavy rain.(因为大雨,我们不得不推迟运动会。)
1. postponement /pəˈspəʊnmənt/ n. 延迟,延期2. postponable /pəˈspəʊnəbl/ adj. 可延迟的;可延期的
1. The postponement of the meeting made everyone upset.(会议延期让所有人都很沮丧。)2. This meeting is postponable—we can hold it next week.(这个会议可以延期,我们下周开也可以。)
15
sufficient /səˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 足够的,充足的
The food we prepared is sufficient for 50 people.(我们准备的食物足够50人吃。)
1. sufficiently /səˈfɪʃntli/ adv. 足够地,充足地2. sufficiency /səˈfɪʃnsi/ n. 充足,足量
1. Did you study sufficiently for the test?(你为考试复习得足够充分吗?)2. We need to ensure the sufficiency of water for the crops.(我们需要确保庄稼有充足的水分。)
16
data /ˈdeɪtə/ n. 数据,资料,材料
The data from the survey shows people like online shopping.(调查数据显示,人们喜欢网购。)
1. datum /ˈdeɪtəm/ n. 数据,资料(单数形式)2. date /deɪt/ v. 记载日期;确定年代;n. 日期;约会
1. This datum is very important for our research.(这个数据对我们的研究很重要。)2. Please date the document before you submit it.(提交文件前,请标注日期。)
17
error /ˈerə(r)/ n. 错误,差错
He found an error in his math homework and corrected it.(他在数学作业里发现一个错误,然后改了过来。)
1. err /ɜː(r)/ v. 犯错,出错;偏离2. erroneous /ɪˈrəʊniəs/ adj. 错误的,不正确的
1. Everyone may err, so we should be forgiving.(每个人都可能犯错,所以我们应该宽容。)2. His erroneous idea led him to make a wrong decision.(他错误的想法让他做了错误的决定。)
18
wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n. 智慧,知识,学问;才智;明智
The old man shared his wisdom with the young people.(老人把他的智慧分享给了年轻人。)
1. wise /waɪz/ adj. 明智的,聪明的;v. 使明智2. wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 明智地,聪明地
1. It is wise to save money for the future.(为未来存钱是明智的做法。)2. She spent her money wisely and bought useful things.(她明智地花钱,买了有用的东西。)
19
beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的,有用的
Regular exercise is beneficial to our health.(规律运动对我们的健康有益。)
1. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 益处,好处;v. 有益于,受益2. beneficially /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃəli/ adv. 有益地,有帮助地
1. Reading books can bring many benefits to us.(读书能给我们带来很多好处。)2. This new policy will affect our lives beneficially.(这项新政策会对我们的生活产生有益影响。)
20
conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ vt. & vi. 组织,实施;指挥;引导;举止
The teacher conducted a class discussion about the story.(老师组织了一场关于这个故事的课堂讨论。)
1. conductor /kənˈdʌktə(r)/ n. 导体;售票员;指挥家2. conduction /kənˈdʌkʃn/ n. 传导;传递
1. Copper is a good conductor of electricity.(铜是良好的电导体。)2. The conduction of heat in metal is very fast.(热量在金属中的传导速度很快。)
21
illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/ vt. 说明,解释;加插图于
The teacher used a map to illustrate how rivers flow.(老师用地图说明河流是如何流动的。)
1. illustration /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃn/ n. 插图;说明,解释2. illustrative /ˈɪləstrətɪv/ adj. 说明性的;解释性的
1. This book has many beautiful illustrations.(这本书有很多漂亮的插图。)2. He gave an illustrative example to explain the rule.(他举了一个说明性的例子来解释这条规则。)
22
mould /məʊld/ (AmE mold) n. 霉菌;模具;类型;vt. 浇铸;塑造
The bread was left out too long and grew mould.(面包放太久,长霉了。)
1. mouldy /ˈməʊldi/ (AmE moldy) adj. 发霉的;破旧的2. moulder /ˈməʊldə(r)/ (AmE molder) v. 腐朽,腐烂;n. 制模工
1. Throw away the mouldy bread—it's not safe to eat.(把发霉的面包扔掉,吃了不安全。)2. The old wood began to moulder in the wet weather.(潮湿天气里,旧木头开始腐烂。)
23
bacteria /bækˈtɪəriə/ n. (sing. bacterium) 细菌
Some bacteria help us digest food in our stomachs.(有些细菌帮助我们在胃里消化食物。)
1. bacterium /bækˈtɪəriəm/ n. 细菌(单数形式)2. bacterial /bækˈtɪəriəl/ adj. 细菌的;由细菌引起的
1. This bacterium was discovered by a famous scientist.(这种细菌是由一位著名科学家发现的。)2. The doctor said his illness was caused by bacterial infection.(医生说他的病是细菌感染引起的。)
24
surround /səˈraʊnd/ vt. 围绕,环绕;包围;与…紧密相关
Tall trees surround the small village, making it very beautiful.(高大的树木环绕着小村庄,使它十分美丽。)
surrounding /səˈraʊndɪŋ/ adj. 周围的,附近的;n. 环境(常复数 surroundings)
1. The surrounding area of the park is full of shops.(公园周边地区满是商店。)2. We should protect the natural surroundings we live in.(我们应该保护我们生活的自然环境。)
25
indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ vt. 表明;暗示;提及;指出
The red light indicates that the machine is off.(红灯表示机器处于关闭状态。)
1. indication /ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 指示;迹象,暗示2. indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə(r)/ n. 指示器;指标
1. There is no indication that he will change his mind.(没有迹象表明他会改变主意。)2. The speed indicator on the car shows 60 kilometers per hour.(汽车上的速度表显示每小时60公里。)
26
accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外,偶然的事;事故,意外遭遇
A car accident happened on this road yesterday.(昨天这条路上发生了一起车祸。)
1. accidental /ˌæksɪˈdentl/ adj. 意外的,偶然的2. accidentally /ˌæksɪˈdentəli/ adv. 意外地,偶然地
1. His meeting with the old friend was accidental.(他和老朋友的相遇是偶然的。)2. I accidentally spilled water on my notebook.(我不小心把水洒在了笔记本上。)
27
intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ adj. 有才智的,聪明的;有智力的
She is an intelligent student who always gets good grades.(她是个聪明的学生,成绩总是很好。)
1. intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n. 智力,智慧;情报2. intelligently /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəntli/ adv. 聪明地,明智地
1. Reading can improve a person's intelligence.(阅读能提高人的智力。)2. He solved the difficult problem intelligently.(他聪明地解决了这个难题。)
28
favour /ˈfeɪvə(r)/ (AmE favor) vt. 较喜欢;偏袒;有助于;n. 帮助,好事;赞同;偏袒
Could you do me a favour and pass the salt?(能帮我个忙,把盐递过来吗?)
1. favourable /ˈfeɪvərəbl/ (AmE favorable) adj. 有利的;赞同的2. favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ (AmE favorite) adj. 最喜欢的;n. 最喜欢的人或物
1. The weather is favourable for our picnic tomorrow.(天气对我们明天的野餐有利。)2. Ice cream is my favourite food in summer.(冰淇淋是我夏天最喜欢的食物。)
29
politician /ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn/ n. 政治家,从政者;投机钻营者
The politician gave a speech about improving education.(这位政治家发表了关于改善教育的演讲。)
1. politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/ n. 政治;政治学;政治活动2. political /pəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj. 政治的;政治上的
1. He is interested in politics and reads news every day.(他对政治感兴趣,每天都看新闻。)2. This is a political issue that affects the whole country.(这是一个影响全国的政治问题。)
30
lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ n. 闪电
Lightning lit up the dark sky during the storm.(暴风雨中,闪电照亮了黑暗的天空。)
1. lightning /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/ adj. 闪电般的,快速的2. lighten /ˈlaɪtn/ v. 使明亮;减轻;闪电
1. He ran at lightning speed to catch the bus.(他以闪电般的速度跑去赶公交车。)2. The sky began to lighten as the sun rose.(太阳升起时,天空开始变亮。)
31
electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电,电能
We use electricity to power lights, TVs and fridges.(我们用电给灯、电视和冰箱供电。)
1. electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电的,电动的2. electrical /ɪˈlektrɪkl/ adj. 与电有关的
1. My parents bought an electric car to protect the environment.(我父母买了一辆电动车来保护环境。)2. He works as an electrical engineer in a big company.(他在一家大公司当电气工程师。)
32
theory /ˈθɪəri/ n. 学说,论;原理;看法,意见
Darwin's theory of evolution is well-known around the world.(达尔文的进化论在全世界都很有名。)
1. theoretical /ˌθɪəˈretɪkl/ adj. 理论的;理论上的2. theoretically /ˌθɪəˈretɪkli/ adv. 理论上;从理论上讲
1. This is just a theoretical idea—we haven't tested it.(这只是一个理论上的想法,我们还没测试过。)2. Theoretically, this method should work, but we need to try.(理论上,这种方法应该可行,但我们需要尝试。)
33
thunderstorm /ˈθʌndəstɔːm/ n. 雷雨,雷暴
A strong thunderstorm hit our city last night.(昨晚一场强雷雨袭击了我们的城市。)
1. thunder /ˈθʌndə(r)/ n. 雷;雷声;v. 打雷;发出雷鸣般的声音2. storm /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨;v. 起风暴;猛攻
1. We heard thunder in the distance, so we went home quickly.(我们听到远处打雷,就赶紧回家了。)2. A big storm destroyed many trees in the park.(一场大风暴摧毁了公园里的许多树。)
34
metal /ˈmetl/ n. 金属
Iron and steel are common metals used to make machines.(钢铁是制造机器的常见金属。)
metallic /məˈtælɪk/ adj. 金属的;含金属的
The watch has a metallic surface that shines in the sun.(这块手表有金属表面,在阳光下闪闪发光。)
35
charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ vt. & vi. 充电;收费;控告;谴责;使充满;n. 收费;控告;掌管
Can you help me charge my phone? It's almost dead.(能帮我给手机充电吗?快没电了。)
1. charger /ˈtʃɑːdʒə(r)/ n. 充电器;委托者2. chargeable /ˈtʃɑːdʒəbl/ adj. 应收费的;可被控告的
1. I forgot my phone charger at home, so I can't charge it.(我把手机充电器忘在家里了,没法充电。)2. This service is chargeable—you need to pay 50 yuan.(这项服务是收费的,你需要付50元。)
36
electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电的,发电的,电动的
My family bought an electric fan to cool down in summer.(我们家买了一台电风扇,夏天用来降温。)
1. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电,电能2. electrically /ɪˈlektrɪkli/ adv. 用电地;电动地
1. We need to save electricity by turning off lights when leaving.(离开时关灯,我们要节约用电。)2. The machine works electrically—you just press the button.(这台机器是电动的,按一下按钮就行。)
37
bang /bæŋ/ n. 突然的巨响;猛敲,猛击;vi. & vt. 砸;砰地关上;猛摔
The door closed with a loud bang, scaring me.(门砰的一声关上,吓了我一跳。)
1. bang /bæŋ/ adv. 突然地;砰地2. banging /ˈbæŋɪŋ/ n. 猛击;adj. 巨大的,砰然作响的
1. The fireworks exploded bang in front of us.(烟花就在我们面前砰地炸开了。)2. We heard a banging noise from the next room.(我们听到隔壁房间传来砰砰的响声。)
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standout /ˈstændaʊt/ adj. 突出的;n. 突出的人(或物)
Her performance in the talent show was standout.(她在才艺表演中的表现很突出。)
stand out /stænd aʊt/ v. 突出,显眼;脱颖而出
She stands out in the crowd because of her red dress.(她穿红色连衣裙,在人群中很显眼。)
39
atomic /əˈtɒmɪk/ adj. 原子能的;原子的
The atomic energy can be used to generate electricity.(原子能可以用来发电。)
1. atom /ˈætəm/ n. 原子2. atomically /əˈtɒmɪkli/ adv. 原子地;利用原子能地
1. Everything in the world is made of atoms.(世界上所有东西都是由原子构成的。)2. This machine works atomically, so it's very efficient.(这台机器利用原子能工作,效率很高。)
40
bomb /bɒm/ n. 炸弹;核武器;vt. 轰炸
The police found a bomb in the building and removed it.(警察在大楼里发现了一枚炸弹,并将其拆除。)
bombing /ˈbɒmɪŋ/ n. 轰炸;adj. 轰炸的
The bombing of the city caused a lot of damage.(对这座城市的轰炸造成了巨大破坏。)
41
evil /ˈiːvl/ n. 罪恶,罪行;害处,坏处;adj. 恶毒的;有害的;恶魔的
His evil words hurt the little girl's feelings.(他恶毒的话伤害了小女孩的感情。)
1. evilly /ˈiːvəli/ adv. 邪恶地;恶毒地2. evilness /ˈiːvlnes/ n. 邪恶;恶毒
1. He smiled evilly and planned to trick others.(他邪恶地笑了笑,打算捉弄别人。)2. The evilness of his actions made everyone angry.(他行为的邪恶让所有人都很生气。)
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involve /ɪnˈvɒlv/ vt. 包含;牵涉,影响;(使)参加
This project will involve all students in our class.(这个项目会让我们班所有学生都参与进来。)
1. involvement /ɪnˈvɒlvmənt/ n. 参与;牵涉;包含2. involved /ɪnˈvɒlvd/ adj. 有关的;卷入的;复杂的
1. His involvement in the activity made it more successful.(他参与这项活动,让活动更成功了。)2. The problem is more involved than we thought—we need more time.(这个问题比我们想的更复杂,需要更多时间。)
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scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学的,关于科学的;细致严谨的
We need to use a scientific method to solve this problem.(我们需要用科学的方法来解决这个问题。)
1. science /ˈsaɪəns/ n. 科学;学科2. scientifically /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪkli/ adv. 科学地;合乎科学地
1. My favorite subject at school is science, especially biology.(我在学校最喜欢的科目是科学,尤其是生物。)2. We must test the idea scientifically before using it.(使用这个想法前,我们必须科学地测试它。)
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credit /ˈkredɪt/ n. 赞扬,认可;信用;vt. 存入金额;把…归于
She deserves credit for finishing the work on time.(她按时完成工作,值得赞扬。)
1. credible /ˈkredəbl/ adj. 可信的,可靠的2. credibility /ˌkredəˈbɪləti/ n. 可信度,可靠性
1. His story sounds credible—many people believe him.(他的故事听起来可信,很多人都相信他。)2. The newspaper lost its credibility after telling lies.(这家报纸说谎后,失去了可信度。)
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moral /ˈmɒrəl/ adj. 道德的;道义上的;品行端正的;n. 品行,道德;寓意
The story teaches us an important moral about honesty.(这个故事教给我们关于诚实的重要寓意。)
1. morality /məˈræləti/ n. 道德;道德准则2. morally /ˈmɒrəli/ adv. 道德上;道义上
1. We should follow the basic morality of society.(我们应该遵守社会的基本道德准则。)2. It is morally wrong to lie to your parents.(对父母说谎在道德上是错误的。)
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apply /əˈplaɪ/ vt. & vi. 应用;申请;涂;有关
I want to apply for the position of English teacher in this school.(我想申请这所学校的英语老师职位。)
1. application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 应用;申请;应用程序2. applicable /ˈæplɪkəbl/ adj. 适用的;可应用的
1. Have you submitted your application form yet?(你提交申请表了吗?)2. This rule is applicable to all students in the school.(这条规则适用于学校所有学生。)
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negate /nɪˈɡeɪt/ vt. 取消,使无效;否认,否定
His kind actions negate his previous bad words.(他善良的行为抵消了他之前说的坏话。)
1. negation /nɪˈɡeɪʃn/ n. 否定;否认;取消2. negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 否定的;消极的;负面的;n. 否定;负数
1. The negation of his idea made him very sad.(他的想法被否定,让他很伤心。)2. Don't be so negative—try to look at the bright side.(别这么消极,试着看光明的一面。)
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intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ adj. 脑力的;有才智的,智力发达的;n. 知识分子,脑力劳动者
She is an intellectual woman who has written many books.(她是个有才智的女人,写了很多书。)
1. intellect /ˈɪntəlekt/ n. 智力;才智;知识分子2. intellectually /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəli/ adv. 智力上;理智地
1. Reading can improve a person's intellect.(阅读能提高人的才智。)2. They discussed the problem intellectually, not emotionally.(他们理智地讨论问题,而非情绪化。)
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mystery /ˈmɪstri/ n. 神秘;神秘的人(或事物);悬疑作品
This novel is a mystery—no one knows who the killer is until the end.(这本小说是悬疑类的,直到最后才知道凶手是谁。)
1. mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ adj. 神秘的;难以理解的2. mysteriously /mɪˈstɪəriəsli/ adv. 神秘地;难以理解地
1. There is a mysterious house in the forest—no one dares to enter.(森林里有一座神秘的房子,没人敢进去。)2. The money in his wallet disappeared mysteriously.(他钱包里的钱神秘地不见了。)
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ignorance /ˈɪɡnərəns/ n. 无知
His ignorance of basic rules caused a lot of trouble.(他对基本规则的无知造成了很多麻烦。)
1. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ v. 忽视,忽略;不理睬2. ignorant /ˈɪɡnərənt/ adj. 无知的;愚昧的;不知道的
1. Don't ignore the teacher's advice—it's very useful.(别忽视老师的建议,很有用。)2. He was ignorant of the fact that the meeting was canceled.(他不知道会议已经取消了。)
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freedom /ˈfriːdəm/ n. 自由
Everyone has the freedom to choose their own hobbies.(每个人都有选择自己爱好的自由。)
1. free /friː/ adj. 自由的;免费的;v. 释放;使自由2. freely /ˈfriːli/ adv. 自由地;随意地;免费地
1. You are free to leave the room when you finish the work.(完成工作后,你可以自由离开房间。)2. You can speak freely—no one will judge you.(你可以畅所欲言,没人会评判你。)
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authority /ɔːˈθɒrəti/ n. 权威,权力;官方
The local authority is responsible for cleaning the streets.(地方当局负责街道清洁工作。)
1. authoritative /ɔːˈθɒrətətɪv/ adj. 权威的;官方的;有权威性的2. authorize /ˈɔːθəraɪz/ v. 授权;批准;认可
1. This book is an authoritative guide to history.(这本书是权威的历史指南。)2. The manager authorized me to sign the contract.(经理授权我签署这份合同。)
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permit /pəˈmɪt/ v. 允许,准许,许可;使有可能;/ˈpɜːmɪt/ n. 许可证
My parents don't permit me to play video games on weekdays.(我父母不允许我工作日玩电子游戏。)
1. permission /pəˈmɪʃn/ n. 允许,许可;准许2. permissible /pəˈmɪsəbl/ adj. 可允许的;许可的
1. You need to ask for permission before using my things.(用我的东西前,你需要征得同意。)2. Smoking is not permissible in this building.(这栋楼里不允许吸烟。)
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responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任,负责;职责,义务
As a student, it's our responsibility to study hard.(作为学生,努力学习是我们的责任。)
1. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负责的;有责任的2. responsibly /rɪˈspɒnsəbli/ adv. 负责地;可靠地
1. She is a responsible girl who always finishes her tasks.(她是个负责任的女孩,总是完成自己的任务。)2. You must use this tool responsibly to avoid accidents.(你必须负责任地使用这个工具,避免事故。)
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declare /dɪˈkleə(r)/ vt. 表明,宣称;公布,宣布;申报
The government declared next Monday a national holiday.(政府宣布下周一为全国假日。)
1. declaration /ˌdekləˈreɪʃn/ n. 声明,宣告;申报2. declarative /dɪˈklærətɪv/ adj. 陈述的;说明的
1. The company made a declaration about its new product.(公司就其新产品发表了声明。)2. "I like apples" is a declarative sentence.(“我喜欢苹果”是一个陈述句。)
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nationality /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/ n. 国籍;民族
When you fill in the form, you need to write down your nationality.(填写表格时,你需要写下自己的国籍。)
1. nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家;民族2. national /ˈnæʃnəl/ adj. 国家的;民族的;n. 国民
1. China is a great nation with a long history.(中国是一个有着悠久历史的伟大国家。)2. We celebrate National Day on October 1st every year.(我们每年10月1日庆祝国庆节。)
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evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/ n. 进化;演变,发展
The evolution of mobile phones has changed our lives a lot.(手机的发展极大地改变了我们的生活。)
1. evolve /iˈvɒlv/ v. 进化;演变;发展2. evolutionary /ˌiːvəˈluːʃənri/ adj. 进化的;演变的;渐进的
1. Some animals evolve to adapt to cold weather.(有些动物进化以适应寒冷天气。)2. This is an evolutionary process that takes thousands of years.(这是一个需要数千年的进化过程。)
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publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ vt. 出版,发行;发表;公布
The publisher will publish his new novel next month.(出版社下个月将出版他的新小说。)
1. publication /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 出版;发行;出版物2. published /ˈpʌblɪʃt/ adj. 已出版的;已发表的
1. The publication of this book was delayed for two months.(这本书的出版推迟了两个月。)2. This is a published article that you can find online.(这是一篇已发表的文章,你可以在网上找到。)
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marriage /ˈmærɪdʒ/ n. 结婚,婚姻;已婚状态
Their marriage has lasted for 30 years and they are still happy.(他们的婚姻持续了30年,依然很幸福。)
1. marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚;嫁;娶2. married /ˈmærid/ adj. 已婚的;婚姻的
1. They plan to marry next summer in their hometown.(他们计划明年夏天在家乡结婚。)2. My parents have been married for over 40 years.(我父母结婚已经40多年了。)
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