摘要:
该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了北师大版七上Unit 3 "Home and Places"的核心词汇与语法点,涵盖家居用品、场所名称、方位介词、形容词比较级及固定搭配等五大知识范畴,构建了从“基础词汇识记”到“情境表达应用”的阶梯式学习支架,助力学生语言能力稳步提升。
清单通过分类整理、星级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系,如将“furniture”“equipment”等不可数名词单独归类并标注易错提示,强化语言意识;设计“同义替换对比表”帮助学生理解“next to”与“opposite”的空间差异,培养思维品质;设置“生活化例句库”引导学生迁移运用,如“take a shower”“go to the mall”贴近真实场景,提升文化意识。特别配备“高频考点速查卡”和“词形变化口诀”,方便学生自主复习,教师可据此精准分层教学,实现高效课堂与个性学习的双重目标。
内容正文:
北师大版 七上 Unit 3 Home and places. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
furniture /ˈfɜːnɪtʃə/ n. 家具
不可数名词(无复数)
N/A
a piece of furniture(一件家具)
1. There is a new piece of furniture in our living room.(我们客厅里有一件新家具。)2. We need to buy some furniture for the new flat.(我们需要给新公寓买些家具。)
2
equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n. 设备,器材
不可数名词(无复数)
N/A
1. sports equipment(运动器材)2. school equipment(学校设备)
1. The gym has all kinds of sports equipment.(体育馆有各种各样的运动器材。)2. Our school bought new science equipment this term.(我们学校这学期买了新的科学设备。)
3
living room 客厅,起居室
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
in the living room(在客厅里)
1. My family often watches TV in the living room.(我们家人经常在客厅看电视。)2. There is a big sofa in our living room.(我们客厅里有一个大沙发。)
4
bathroom /ˈbɑːθruːm/ n. 浴室;洗手间,卫生间
复数:bathrooms
N/A
1. in the bathroom(在浴室/洗手间)2. clean the bathroom(打扫浴室)
1. The bathroom is next to the bedroom.(浴室在卧室旁边。)2. I clean the bathroom every Saturday morning.(我每周六早上打扫浴室。)
5
bedroom /ˈbedruːm/ n. 卧室
复数:bedrooms
N/A
1. my bedroom(我的卧室)2. sleep in the bedroom(在卧室睡觉)
1. I have a small but tidy bedroom.(我有一个小但整洁的卧室。)2. My sister’s bedroom has a big window.(我妹妹的卧室有一扇大窗户。)
6
bookcase /ˈbʊkkeɪs/ n. 书架,书柜
复数:bookcases
N/A
1. a wooden bookcase(木制书架)2. on the bookcase(在书架上)
1. My father made a new bookcase for my books.(爸爸给我的书做了一个新书架。)2. There are many storybooks on the bookcase.(书架上有很多故事书。)
7
machine /məˈʃiːn/ n. 机器,机械装置
复数:machines
N/A
1. washing machine(洗衣机,见序号8)2. sewing machine(缝纫机)
1. This machine can help us cut vegetables quickly.(这台机器能帮我们快速切菜。)2. My grandma still uses an old sewing machine.(奶奶还在用一台旧缝纫机。)
8
washing machine 洗衣机
固定短语,复数:washing machines
N/A
use the washing machine(用洗衣机)
1. We bought a new washing machine last month.(我们上个月买了一台新洗衣机。)2. My mom usually uses the washing machine on weekends.(妈妈通常周末用洗衣机。)
9
fridge /frɪdʒ/ n. 冰箱(=refrigerator)
复数:fridges
N/A
1. in the fridge(在冰箱里)2. open the fridge(打开冰箱)
1. There is some milk and fruit in the fridge.(冰箱里有一些牛奶和水果。)2. Please open the fridge and get me a bottle of water.(请打开冰箱给我拿一瓶水。)
10
cooker /ˈkʊkə/ n. 厨灶,炉具
复数:cookers
N/A
1. use the cooker(用厨灶)2. gas cooker(燃气灶)
1. My mom cooks rice on the cooker every day.(妈妈每天用厨灶煮米饭。)2. The new gas cooker is very easy to use.(这台新燃气灶很好用。)
11
sofa /ˈsəʊfə/ n. 长沙发
复数:sofas
N/A
1. on the sofa(在沙发上)2. a comfortable sofa(舒适的沙发)
1. My little brother likes to sleep on the sofa.(我弟弟喜欢在沙发上睡觉。)2. We bought a comfortable sofa for the living room.(我们给客厅买了一个舒适的沙发。)
12
flat /flæt/ n. 公寓,单元房(NAmE apartment);adj. 水平的,平坦的
1. n. 复数:flats2. adj. 比较级:flatter;最高级:flattest
N/A
1. n. a small flat(一个小公寓)2. adj. flat ground(平坦的地面)
1. They live in a flat on the fifth floor.(他们住在五楼的一套公寓里。)2. The land here is flat, so it’s good for farming.(这里的土地很平坦,适合耕种。)
13
sound /saʊnd/ linking v. 听起来好像;n. 声音,响声
1. v. 过去式/过去分词:sounded2. n. 复数:sounds
N/A
1. v. sound + adj.(听起来……)2. n. make a sound(发出声音)
1. Your idea sounds great!(你的想法听起来很棒!)2. We heard a strange sound from the forest.(我们听到森林里传来奇怪的声音。)
14
thing /θɪŋ/ n. 物件,物品,事物
复数:things
N/A
1. different things(不同的东西)2. everyday things(日常用品)
1. She put her things in the schoolbag.(她把自己的东西放进书包里。)2. We need to buy some everyday things from the shop.(我们需要从商店买些日常用品。)
15
shower /ˈʃaʊə/ n. 淋浴器,淋浴间;淋浴
复数:showers;v. 淋浴(同形)
N/A
1. take a shower(洗淋浴)2. electric shower(电淋浴器)
1. I usually take a shower before going to bed.(我通常睡前洗个淋浴。)2. The shower in our bathroom is broken.(我们浴室的淋浴器坏了。)
16
comfortable /ˈkʌmfətəbl/ adj. 使人舒服的,舒适的
比较级:more comfortable;最高级:most comfortable
comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ n. 舒适;v. 安慰
1. a comfortable bed(舒适的床)2. feel comfortable(感到舒服)
1. This chair is very comfortable to sit on.(这把椅子坐起来很舒服。)2. I feel comfortable in this warm room.(在这个温暖的房间里我感到很舒服。)
17
cream /kriːm/ adj. 奶油色的,乳白色的;n. 奶油,乳脂
1. adj. 无比较级/最高级2. n. 不可数/复数:creams(表“不同种类的奶油”)
N/A
1. adj. cream coat(奶油色的外套)2. n. ice cream(冰淇淋)
1. She bought a cream coat for winter.(她买了一件奶油色的冬衣。)2. My little sister likes to eat chocolate ice cream.(我妹妹喜欢吃巧克力冰淇淋。)
18
all kinds of 各种各样的
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
all kinds of + 复数名词(各种各样的……)
1. There are all kinds of flowers in the park.(公园里有各种各样的花。)2. Our school library has all kinds of books.(我们学校图书馆有各种各样的书。)
19
inside /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/ adv. & prep. 在(或向)里面;n. 里面,内部;adj. 内部的
1. 副词/介词无词形变化2. n. 复数:insides3. adj. 无比较级/最高级
N/A
1. prep. inside the house(在房子里)2. adv. go inside(进去)
1. It’s cold outside, so let’s stay inside the house.(外面冷,我们待在房子里吧。)2. The door is open; you can go inside.(门开着,你可以进去。)
20
dictionary /ˈdɪkʃənri/ n. 词典,字典,辞书
复数:dictionaries(变y为i加es)
N/A
1. English dictionary(英语词典)2. look up in the dictionary(查词典)
1. I bought a new English dictionary yesterday.(我昨天买了一本新的英语词典。)2. You can look up the word in the dictionary.(你可以在词典里查这个单词。)
21
bookshelf /ˈbʊkʃelf/ n. 书架(pl. bookshelves)
复数:bookshelves(变f为v加es)
N/A
1. on the bookshelf(在书架上)2. a tall bookshelf(高书架)
1. My dad put all his history books on the bookshelf.(爸爸把所有历史书都放在书架上。)2. We need a tall bookshelf for these new books.(我们需要一个高书架放这些新书。)
22
next to 紧邻,在……近旁
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
next to + 地点(紧邻……)
1. Our classroom is next to the teachers’ office.(我们的教室紧邻教师办公室。)2. There is a park next to my home.(我家旁边有一个公园。)
23
need /niːd/ v. 需要,必需;n. 需要,必须;modal v. 需要
1. v. 过去式/过去分词:needed2. n. 不可数/复数:needs
N/A
1. v. need to do sth.(需要做某事)2. n. meet one’s needs(满足某人的需求)
1. You need to finish your homework first.(你需要先完成作业。)2. This food can meet our needs for a week.(这些食物能满足我们一周的需求。)
24
either /ˈaɪðə/ adv.(用于否定)也;det. & pron.(两者中的)任何一个
无词形变化
N/A
1. adv. Me either.(我也不。)2. det. either one(两者中的任何一个)
1. I don’t like coffee, and my sister doesn’t either.(我不喜欢咖啡,我妹妹也不喜欢。)2. You can take either one of the two pens.(这两支笔你可以拿任何一支。)
25
messy /ˈmesi/ adj. 肮脏的,凌乱的
比较级:messier;最高级:messiest
mess /mes/ n. 混乱;v. 弄脏
1. a messy room(凌乱的房间)2. get messy(变乱)
1. Your bedroom is so messy—please clean it.(你的卧室太乱了,快打扫一下。)2. The desk gets messy if you don’t tidy it.(如果你不整理,桌子会变乱。)
26
guess /ɡes/ vt. & vi. 猜测,估计
过去式/过去分词:guessed;n. 猜测(复数:guesses)
N/A
1. guess the answer(猜答案)2. make a guess(猜一猜)
1. Can you guess how old he is?(你能猜出他多大吗?)2. Let’s make a guess about the result.(我们来猜一猜结果吧。)
27
easily /ˈiːzəli/ adv. 容易地,不费力地
比较级:more easily;最高级:most easily
easy /ˈiːzi/ adj. 容易的
1. do easily(容易做)2. find easily(容易找到)
1. He can solve this math problem easily.(他能轻松解出这道数学题。)2. You can find the shop easily—it’s near the park.(你很容易找到那家店,它在公园附近。)
28
building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/ n. 建筑物,楼房
复数:buildings
build /bɪld/ v. 建造(过去式/过去分词:built)
1. tall building(高楼)2. teaching building(教学楼)
1. There are many tall buildings in the city center.(市中心有很多高楼。)2. Our classroom is in the new teaching building.(我们的教室在新教学楼里。)
29
crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼,作物
复数:crops
N/A
1. farm crops(农作物)2. grow crops(种庄稼)
1. Farmers grow different crops in different seasons.(农民在不同季节种不同的庄稼。)2. The heavy rain destroyed the crops in the field.(大雨毁坏了田里的庄稼。)
30
mall /mɔːl/ n. 购物商场,购物广场
复数:malls
N/A
1. shopping mall(购物商场)2. go to the mall(去购物商场)
1. There is a big shopping mall near our home.(我们家附近有一个大购物商场。)2. My mom and I go to the mall every weekend.(我和妈妈每周去购物商场。)
31
e-pal /ˈiːpæl/ n. 网友
复数:e-pals
N/A
1. my e-pal(我的网友)2. write to e-pal(给网友写信)
1. I have an e-pal from America.(我有一个美国网友。)2. I write to my e-pal every month.(我每个月给网友写信。)
32
central /ˈsentrəl/ adj. 在中心的,中央的
无比较级/最高级
centre /ˈsentə/ n. 中心
1. central park(中央公园)2. central city(市中心)
1. We often go for a walk in the central park.(我们经常去中央公园散步。)2. The museum is in the central city.(博物馆在市中心。)
33
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区;社会
复数:communities(变y为i加es)
N/A
1. local community(当地社区)2. community center(社区中心)
1. Our local community has a new sports center.(我们当地社区有一个新的体育中心。)2. People in this community help each other.(这个社区的人们互相帮助。)
34
around /əˈraʊnd/ adv. 周围,四周;大约;prep. 围绕,环绕
无词形变化
N/A
1. adv. look around(四处看)2. prep. walk around the park(绕公园走)
1. She looked around but didn’t see her friend.(她四处看,但没看到她的朋友。)2. We walked around the park after dinner.(晚饭后我们绕公园散步。)
35
friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj. 友好的;善意的
比较级:friendlier/more friendly;最高级:friendliest/most friendly
friend /frend/ n. 朋友
be friendly to sb.(对某人友好)
1. The new student is very friendly to everyone.(新同学对所有人都很友好。)2. My neighbors are always friendly to us.(邻居们对我们一直很友好。)
36
neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. 街区,城区
复数:neighbourhoods
N/A
1. in the neighbourhood(在街区里)2. quiet neighbourhood(安静的街区)
1. There is a small shop in our neighbourhood.(我们街区里有一家小商店。)2. We live in a quiet neighbourhood.(我们住在一个安静的街区。)
37
luckily /ˈlʌkili/ adv. 幸运地;幸好
无词形变化
lucky /ˈlʌki/ adj. 幸运的
luckily + 句子(幸运的是……)
1. Luckily, we caught the last bus.(幸运的是,我们赶上了末班车。)2. Luckily, the rain stopped before we went out.(幸好,我们出门前雨停了。)
38
describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述,形容
过去式/过去分词:described
description /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/ n. 描述
describe sth. to sb.(向某人描述某物)
1. Can you describe your new school to me?(你能给我描述一下你的新学校吗?)2. She described the beautiful scenery in detail.(她详细描述了那美丽的风景。)
39
dream /driːm/ n. 梦想,理想;梦;vt. & vi. 做梦;想象
1. n. 复数:dreams2. v. 过去式/过去分词:dreamed/dreamt
N/A
1. n. one’s dream(某人的梦想)2. v. dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)
1. His dream is to become a pilot.(他的梦想是成为一名飞行员。)2. I dream of traveling around the world.(我梦想环游世界。)
40
forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林
复数:forests
N/A
1. in the forest(在森林里)2. protect the forest(保护森林)
1. There are many wild animals in the big forest.(这片大森林里有很多野生动物。)2. We should plant trees to protect the forest.(我们应该种树保护森林。)
41
fresh /freʃ/ adj. 清新的;新鲜的
比较级:fresher;最高级:freshest
N/A
1. fresh air(新鲜空气)2. fresh fruit(新鲜水果)
1. We can breathe fresh air in the mountains.(我们在山里能呼吸到新鲜空气。)2. My mom buys fresh fruit from the market every morning.(妈妈每天早上从市场买新鲜水果。)
42
view /vjuː/ n. 景色,风景;看法,见解;v. 把……视为
1. n. 复数:views2. v. 过去式/过去分词:viewed
N/A
1. n. beautiful view(美丽的风景)2. v. view as(把……视为)
1. We can enjoy a beautiful view from the top of the hill.(从山顶我们能欣赏到美丽的风景。)2. People view him as a hero.(人们把他视为英雄。)
43
magic /ˈmædʒɪk/ adj. 有魔力的;n. 魔法,法术
1. adj. 无比较级/最高级2. n. 不可数名词
magical /ˈmædʒɪkl/ adj. 神奇的
1. adj. magic show(魔术表演)2. n. perform magic(表演魔术)
1. The children watched a wonderful magic show.(孩子们看了一场精彩的魔术表演。)2. The magician can perform amazing magic.(这个魔术师能表演惊人的魔术。)
44
cloud /klaʊd/ n. 云,云朵
复数:clouds
cloudy /ˈklaʊdi/ adj. 多云的
1. white clouds(白云)2. dark clouds(乌云)
1. There are many white clouds in the blue sky.(蓝天上有很多白云。)2. Dark clouds are coming—maybe it will rain.(乌云来了,可能要下雨了。)
45
fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj. 极好的,了不起的
比较级:more fantastic;最高级:most fantastic
N/A
1. fantastic idea(极好的想法)2. fantastic trip(精彩的旅行)
1. Your plan is a fantastic idea!(你的计划是个极好的想法!)2. We had a fantastic trip to the beach.(我们去海滩的旅行很精彩。)
46
office /ˈɒfɪs/ n. 办公室;问询处,服务处
复数:offices
N/A
1. teachers’ office(教师办公室)2. in the office(在办公室里)
1. Our teacher is in the teachers’ office.(我们老师在教师办公室里。)2. He works in an office in the city center.(他在市中心的一间办公室工作。)
47
post office 邮局
固定短语,复数:post offices
N/A
go to the post office(去邮局)
1. I need to go to the post office to send a letter.(我需要去邮局寄一封信。)2. The post office is next to the bank.(邮局在银行旁边。)
48
of course 当然
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
用于回答请求或表肯定
1. —Can you help me? —Of course!(你能帮我吗?当然可以!)2. Of course I remember your name.(我当然记得你的名字。)
49
onto /ˈɒntə/ prep. 向,朝
无词形变化
N/A
onto + 地点(朝……上面)
1. The cat jumped onto the table.(猫跳到了桌子上。)2. She put the books onto the shelf.(她把书放到了书架上。)
50
road /rəʊd/ n. 路,道路,公路
复数:roads
N/A
1. along the road(沿着路)2. busy road(繁忙的道路)
1. There are many trees along the road.(路边有很多树。)2. This is a busy road with lots of cars.(这是一条车很多的繁忙道路。)
51
opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/ prep. 与……相对;adj. 对面的,相反的
无词形变化;n. 反义词(复数:opposites)
N/A
1. prep. opposite the bank(在银行对面)2. adj. opposite direction(相反方向)
1. Our school is opposite the bank.(我们学校在银行对面。)2. They walked in the opposite direction.(他们朝相反方向走了。)
52
station /ˈsteɪʃn/ n. 站,所,局;火车站,汽车站
复数:stations
N/A
1. train station(火车站)2. bus station(汽车站)
1. My father drove me to the train station this morning.(爸爸今早开车送我到火车站。)2. The bus station is not far from here.(汽车站离这儿不远。)
53
police station 警察局,派出所
固定短语,复数:police stations
N/A
go to the police station(去警察局)
1. He went to the police station to report the loss.(他去警察局报案了。)2. The police station is next to the hospital.(警察局在医院旁边。)
54
along /əˈlɒŋ/ prep. 沿着,顺着
无词形变化;adv. 向前(同形)
N/A
along + 道路/河流(沿着……)
1. We walked along the river after dinner.(晚饭后我们沿着河边走。)2. There are many shops along this street.(这条街上有很多商店。)
55
past /pɑːst/ prep. 在另一边;adj. 过去的;n. 过去
1. prep./adj. 无词形变化2. n. 不可数名词
N/A
1. prep. walk past the shop(走过商店)2. adj. past years(过去的几年)
1. We walked past the park on our way home.(我们回家路上经过了公园。)2. I lived in this city in the past years.(过去几年我住在这座城市。)
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bookshop /ˈbʊkʃɒp/ n. 书店
复数:bookshops
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1. in the bookshop(在书店里)2. buy books in the bookshop(在书店买书)
1. I met my classmate in the bookshop yesterday.(我昨天在书店遇到了同学。)2. My mom buys storybooks for me in the bookshop.(妈妈在书店给我买故事书。)
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block /blɒk/ n. 大楼,一栋楼房;街区;v. 堵塞
1. n. 复数:blocks2. v. 过去式/过去分词:blocked
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1. n. a block of flats(一栋公寓楼)2. v. block the road(堵塞道路)
1. We live in a block of flats near the park.(我们住在公园附近的一栋公寓楼里。)2. The broken car blocked the road.(故障车堵塞了道路。)
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row /rəʊ/ n. 一排,一列,一行;v. 划船
1. n. 复数:rows2. v. 过去式/过去分词:rowed
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1. n. a row of trees(一排树)2. v. row a boat(划船)
1. There is a row of chairs in the classroom.(教室里有一排椅子。)2. We rowed a boat on the lake last weekend.(我们上周在湖上划船了。)
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shape /ʃeɪp/ n. 形状,外形;v. 使成形
1. n. 复数:shapes2. v. 过去式/过去分词:shaped
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1. n. different shapes(不同的形状)2. v. shape into(把……塑造成)
1. The children are drawing pictures of different shapes.(孩子们在画不同形状的图。)2. She shaped the clay into a small cat.(她把黏土塑造成一只小猫。)
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