专题三 书面表达-【创新教程】2026年辽宁省普通高中学业水平合格考英语热点专练（山东省通用）

专题三 [考情分析门 书面表达是学考的必考题型，考查考生是否具备 较强的语言操作能力。它是英语知识的高度综合运 用，是一种创新思维的体现，灵活性强，必须以扎实的 英语基础为前提。它应符合以下要求： 1.中心明确 一篇好的文章，最起码的条件是有统一性，即主 题思想明确。引用的每个材料，写的每一句话都 要紧扣中心，为中心服务。写作时一定要牢记一 篇文章只有一个中心，确保文章前后一致，主题 明确。 2.连续流畅 学考书面表达要求文章基本通顺，语言流畅。因 此，句与句之间、段与段之间的衔接、过渡应自 然，层次要分明，合乎逻辑。写作文时，要善于运 用过渡词使文章过渡自然、和谐统一。如果考生 恰当地使用了then,after,until等词来连接上下 句，会使文章更通顺、流畅。 3.语言得体 (1)写作时应尽量避免使用冗长、复杂、易犯错误的 句子，用简洁、精练的语句表达，做到言简意赅。 (2)写作前把要表达的内容进行整理归纳，理清思 路，做到条理分明，要点齐全。 (3)写文章不是记流水账，在能清楚表达文章内容 的前提下，尽量使用高级词汇，这将为你的文章 增光添彩。 [考点一]应用文 应用文包括启事、通知、书信、日记、e-mail等 形式。下面举例说明其写作思路和方法。 [例]假设你在一家报社工作，你的名字叫David,请 你写一封80一100词的回信来帮助这位苦恼的爸 爸。下面是这位苦恼的爸爸给你的一封信。 Dear David, My son is a middle school student.He gets home at about six o'clock and starts talking to his friend on the phone.If I don't stop him,he will talk for three or four hours.His mum and I can't use the phone.If I don't let him do that,he will be an- gry.We're angry too.Everyone is unhappy.What can we do with him? Mad Dad [写作要点] (1)审题：本题要求写一封回信 (2)定格式： Dear X×X,(称呼) Thank you for your letter..(正文) Best wishes！(结束语) Yours truly,(谦称) ×××(写信人姓名) 5 书面表达 (3)定要点：回信所提出的建议要针对来信中的问 题。①同儿子交谈，讲明道理；②同儿子朋友的 父母讨论此事；③如果有必要，为儿子单独装一 部电话，由他本人付费。 (4)定人称：第二、三人称为主 (5)定时态：一般现在时，一般将来时 [参考范文] Dear Mad Dad, Thank you for your letter.I think you need to talk with your son about his place in the family. You can make rules for him.If your son agrees, he'll probably follow them.He should know it's very important to save time because he's a student.Study must come first. You may discuss with his friend's parents. I also think you can get your son his own tele- phone and make him pay for it himself. Best wishes！ Yours truly, David [考点二]图表式作文 图表式作文是近几年的一种常见题型。一般 来说，图表式作文都会给写作者提供一个清楚的图 表材料，这个图表中包括所有的要点和提示。要求 学生能抓住要点信息，理清写作要求，用自己熟悉 的语言进行写作。通常此类作文不涉及故事情节， 一般给出一些说明性材料，要求介绍某个人（材料 会给出主人公的一些基本情况)，或是向朋友介绍 某个名胜古迹（详细列出此地的特色），或是写一篇 发言稿介绍自己等。图表式作文的材料一般条理 清晰、一目了然，因此依据图表所给信息的顺序写 作和分段，会使人感觉详略得当，重点突出。图表 式作文多为介绍，说明性质，故基本时态多为一般 现在时。一般情况下，题目会给出提示句。 [例]学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表 中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.学习活动状况描述； 2.简单评论； 3.你的建议。 65% 50% 18% 12% 读英语书籍 听英语歌曲 看英语电影浏览英语学习网站 学生英语学习活动调查结果（人数百分比） 注意：1.词数80一100； 2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。 [写作要点]本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考 生使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文给学校英文 报投稿。要求对图表中的数据进行简单分析，揭示 某种现象。时态为一般现在时，人称以第三人称 为主。 Learning English Beyond the Classroom Nowadays,with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, [参考范文] Learning English Beyond the Classroom Nowadays,with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers,an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. It can easily be seen from the chart that the percentage of students who choose to listen to English songs and watch English movies is respec- tively 65%and 50%.However,those choose to read English books and visit English-learning web- sites only account for 18%and 12%0. As far as I'm concerned,it is a disturbing trend.For students,what benefits their study most is reading English books.Because of their lack of self-discipline,they're more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games.It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-disci- pline,and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance. [考点三]话题作文 此类题型通常会给出一个确定的主题及简单 的要求，学生需要根据对主题及要求的理解，确定 体裁和内容，进行自由发挥，只要抓住主题所体现 的中心思想，不出现拼写、语法错误，语言流畅，有 文采即可。 5 [例]你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办 英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括： 1.海洋的重要性； 2.保护海洋的倡议。 注意：1.词数80一100； 2.短文的首句已为你写好。 [写作要点]本文为一篇应用文，从世界海洋日为 主题向英文征文比赛投稿，阐述海洋的重要性并提 出一些建议。文章应以第一人称为主，时态应用一 般现在时。 When it comes to ocean,its pollution is be- coming more and more serious. [参考范文] When it comes to ocean,its pollution is be- coming more and more serious.World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th,is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation. Ocean plays a key role in our world.Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food,but also it maintains the balance of nature.Thus,it is imper- ative to protect ocean.First of all,what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions.For ex- ample,garbage can't be thrown into ocean.What's more,we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.The more people are involved,the better the ocean environment is. All in all,it is high time that we devoted our- selves to protecting ocean.To protect ocean is to protect ourselves. [考点四]提示作文 [例]根据英文提示，以“I like the Internet'”为题， 写一篇80一100词的短文，短文开头已给出，所 给英文提示词语也必须全部用上。 (1)an important part,in our daily life,useful (2)search,download(下载)information (3)read English Weekly,with...help (4)send e-mails (5)buy,online,interesting,colourful I Like the Internet I like the Internet. - 里■里里里里里里里里里=里里里■年年g■年 [写作要点]本文题目为“I Like the Internet'”,所 给提示词语实际上是喜欢因特网的5个理由。本 文主要使用第一人称，时态为一般现在时。 [参考范文] I Like the Internet I like the Internet.It plays an important part in our daily life.It is useful to our work and stud- ies.I often search for and download some impor- tant information through it.I also read English Weekly on it.With its help,I can study English easily.Usually I send e-mails with it.Buying things online is also convenient and easy. The Internet makes my life interesting and co- lourful.It is my favourite friend. 写提示作文要注意两个方面：一是内容；二是 表达。对内容的要求是包含所有要点，如果要点遗 漏，就会失分。最难的是表达，一般要求是用词准 确、句子通顺、行文连贯，句型、短语使用正确，不出 现语言错误；较高的要求是能写出结构复杂的句 子，熟练运用较好的短语和句型，并进行适当发挥。 [策略指导] [方法一]认真审题，明确要求 在提笔写作之前，花几分钟时间弄清题目提示 的内容和要求，以免文不对题。倘若审题不准，就 有可能出现“下笔千言，离题万里”的情况。除了审 题还要确定文章所需的时态。 [方法二]分析要点，编制提纲 通过审题，弄清文章的主题之后，接着就要考 虑文章的内容要点并组织语言材料。根据题目提 示或说明，按顺序选取那些典型的、易于表达的材 料作为自己写作的重点，列出提纲。这样做，可以 使杂乱无章的材料变得井然有序，可以使写作思路 清晰，避免在卷面上出现涂改现象，同时还可以节 约时间。 5 [方法三]依纲据点，扩展成文 列出写作提纲之后，就可以着手写作了。要注 意把题目要求的东西无一遗漏地写进去，以确保内 容的完整。同时，对于与要求无关的内容切忌任意 发挥，画蛇添足。这一步是整个写作过程的关键 环节。 [方法四]反复检查，查漏补缺 在写好短文后，从题目要求上要对全文进行检 查和修改。经过反复修改润色，才能措辞准确，句 子流畅，布局严谨。因此修改文章是提高写作水平 的有效方法。下面是一些典型的病句实例： 1.不一致 所谓“不一致”不仅指主谓不一致，它还包括数的 不一致、时态不一致以及代词不一致等。 [1]Once Mary have money,she can do what she want to do. [解析]Mary是第三人称单数，因而本句的 have应改为has;同理，want应改为wants。本 句是典型的主谓不一致。 改为：Once Mary has money,she can do what she wants to do. 一旦玛丽有了钱，她就能想干什么就干什么了。 [例2]Water will boil at100℃. [解析]表示客观真理的句子，应用一般现在时。 改为：Water boils at100℃. 水在100℃沸腾。 2.修饰语错位 英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的 位置，句子的含义可能发生变化。 [3]She can play basketball and she too can play football. [解析]to0意为“也”时，一般位于句尾。 改为：She can play basketball and she can play football,too. 她会打篮球，也会踢足球。 3.句子不完整 在口语中，交际双方可借助手势、语气、上下文等 理解不完整的句子。可是书面语就不同了，句子 结构不完整会令意思表达不清。这种情况常常 发生在主体写完以后，作者又想加些内容进行补 充说明的时候。 [4]There are many ways to get information. For example,by TV,radio,newspaper and so on. [解析]For example,.byTV,radio,newspaper and so on不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连 贯的词语，不能独立成句。 改为：There are many ways to get information, for example,by TV,radio,newspaper and so on. 获得信息有许多方法，例如，通过电视、广播、报 纸等。 4.悬垂修饰语 所谓“悬垂修饰语”是指句首的短语与后面句子 的逻辑关系混乱不清。 [5]At the age of ten,his grandma died. [解析]句中只指出10岁时他的祖母去世了， 但没有明确说明是在“谁”10岁时他的祖母去 世了。 改为：When he was ten,his grandma died, 在他10岁时，他的祖母去世了。 5.词性误用 词性误用常表现为：介词当动词用，形容词当副 词用，名词当动词用等。 [6]She went to asleep after she finished her homework. [解析]asleep是形容词，这里误用作动词。 改为：She went to sleep after she finished her homework. 她写完作业之后就去睡觉了。 [7]That place is danger. [解析]danger是名词，这里误用作形容词。 改为：That place is dangerous. 那个地方很危险。 6.指代不清 指代不清主要指代词与被指代的人或物关系不 清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。如下面这一 句：Mary is friendly to Lily because she wants her to help her.(玛丽对莉莉很友好，因为她想 要她帮忙。)读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地 判断出谁需要谁帮忙，如果我们把易于误解的代 词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了，这 个句子可改为：Mary is friendly to Lily because she wants Lily to help her. 5 [8]We can also know our society by serving it yourself. [解析]句中人称代词We和反身代词yourself 指代不一致。 改为：We can also know our society by serving it ourselves. 我们还可以通过亲自为社会服务来了解社会。 7.间断句子 什么叫间断句子？请看下面的例句： [9]It's important for us we know lots of in- formation. [解析]这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：It's important for us以及we know lots of informa- tion。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。 改为：It's important for us to know lots of infor- mation. 对我们来说，了解大量的信息很重要。 8.措辞问题 措辞问题是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用 词语的问题，由于教学时间紧，教师平时在这方 面花的时间往往很有限，导致了学生在写作中没 有养成良好的推敲习惯，所以作文中用词不当的 错误比比皆是。 10]He is either too tall or too short. [解析]显然，考生把neither..nor..（既 不…也不…)误用作either.or..了，因为 说一个人的个子时，不能说成“或高或矮”，而应 是“既不太高也不太矮”。 改为：He is neither too tall nor too short. 他的个子既不太高也不太矮。 9.不连贯 不连贯是指一个句子前言不搭后语，或是结构上 不合理。这也是考生常犯的错误。 [11]Happiness,it is the most important things in the world. [解析]Happiness与逗号后的it不连贯，另 外，it与things在数上也不一致。 改为：Happiness is the most important thing in the world. 快乐是世界上最重要的东西。 10.综合性语言错误 “综合性语言错误”是指除了上述9种错误以 外，还有诸如时态、语态、标点符号、大小写等方 面的错误。 [12]Today,time to everybody is very impor- tant,our's study work. [解析]这句话表达不清，有综合性语言错误。 改为：Today,time is very important to everybody's study and work. 如今，时间对每个人的学习和工作都非常重要。 [写作练习] 1.(2025·陕西学业水平考试)假如你是秦沐，目前 在新西兰留学。当地美术馆计划举办一场中国 书画展，正在招募志愿者。请你给主办方写一封 信，申请做一名志愿者。内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.个人优势； 3.希望获准。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：美术馆gallery中国书画展exhibi- tion of Chinese painting and calligraphy Dear Sir or Madam, Yours, Qin Mu 2.(2025·湖南学业水平考试模拟)假定你是李华， 今天你和你的好朋友李雷去爬了湖南的岳麓山。 请你写一篇日记，内容包括： 1.事情的经过； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 可 3.(2024·湖南合格考)假定你是校学生会主席李 华，你校下周将要举办体育运动周活动，请你根 据以下信息，在校英语报上写一封倡议书，呼吁 同学们加强体育锻炼。 enrich campus life and make us Purpose interested in sports is scheduled to hold Sports Activity Week next week is necessary for our overall well-being not only strengthens our bodies but also improves our mental and Importance emotional health improve concentration and re- duce pressure better our learning performance take part in Sports Week Proposal treasure this chance to develop a habit of regular exercise 注意：1.词数80一100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow schoolmates, Student Union 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)你将参加英语课上的“一分 钟演讲”活动。请你针对部分同学在校园内用手 机拍摄短视频的现象写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.陈述看法； 2.提出建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 My Views on Filming Short Videos on Campus 5.(2025·云南学业水平考试模拟)2024年，人工 智能领域取得了众多突破性进展，广泛应用于医 疗、交通、科研等各个行业，极大地改变了人们的 生活与工作方式。请以“The Great Progress of AIin2024”为题，写一篇英语短文。内容需 包含： 列举人工智能在不同领域的具体应用实例（如医 疗诊断中精准识别疾病，交通方面助力自动驾驶 发展，科研上辅助复杂数据分析等)； 分析这些应用给社会和人们生活带来的积极影 响（如提高效率、改善生活质量、推动科学进步 等)； 对未来人工智能发展表达自己的展望（如在更多 领域实现创新突破等)。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯、逻辑 清晰。 The Great Progress of AI in 2024 6, 6.(2025·福建学业水平考试模拟)假如你叫李华， 你的美国笔友Tom对中国的传统节日非常感兴 趣。他想请你介绍你最喜欢的一个节日，如中秋 节、端午节、春节等，你通常是怎么庆祝的，以及 你喜欢这个节日的原因。请你给他写一封邮件。 内容包括： 1.介绍一个你喜欢的节日； 2.该节日的庆祝活动； 3.你喜欢该节日的原因。 注意：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行 文连贯。 7.(2025·广东学业水平考试模拟)假定你是李华。 你的外国朋友Peter计划寒假来中国旅游，期间 将在你所居住的城市游玩一天，希望你能给他当 导游。请用英文给Peter写一封电子邮件。 内容包括： 1.表示欢迎： 2.介绍游玩安排：品尝美食、参观博物馆、参加朋 友聚会等； 3.期待他的到来。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数； 3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, Yours, Li Huawork was not difficult.But a few months later,my crea- tive spirit sent an SOS to my brain.It reminded me that I wasn't making the best use of my talents.(在佛罗里达， 我找到了一份金融公司的工作。薪水很好，工作也不难。 但是几个月后，我的创造性精神向我的大脑发出了求救 信号。它提醒我，我没有最好地利用我的才能。)”可知， 作者认为她在佛罗里达的工作缺乏挑战。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To motivate myself even further,I promised myself a children's storybook. My goal didn't end there,however.I also decided to get the book published.(为了进一步激励自己，我向自己承 诺要写一本儿童故事书。然而，我的目标并没有就此结 束。我还决定要出版这本书。)”可推知，作者设定了一个 新的目标。] 5.D[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I may not have become a big fish,but I did achieve a goal.Success comes from efforts.When you have something to fight for,you're not far from success.(我可能没有成为一个大 人物，但我确实实现了一个目标。成功来自努力。当你 有东西去争取时，你离成功就不远了。)”可知，作者通过 这篇文章鼓励我们尽一切努力实现目标。 专题三书面表达 [写作练习] 1.[参考范文] Dear Sir or Madam, My name is Qin Mu,an international student from China.Learning that you are recruiting volunteers for the exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy,I'm writ- ing to apply to be one of them. As a Chinese,I have been learning Chinese painting and calligraphy since I was five,helping me understand it better and introduce works more comprehensively.Addi- tionally,I have such a good command of oral English that I can communicate with visitors fluently.Thirdly,I am experienced in receiving guests,for I once worked as a volunteer in several cross-cultural activities and won praise from organizers. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account.Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Qin Mu 2.[参考范文] October 2,Sunny It was sunny and warm today.After breakfast I went to Yuelu Mountain with my friend Li Lei.It took us about an hour to get there by bus.There were thousands of people.We joined them to climb the mountain as soon as we arrived at the foot of the mountain.We felt tired but we kept climbing.It took us about three hours to get to the top of the mountain.The scenery there was so beautiful that we took a lot of photos.Besides,we had a picnic there.I really had a meaningful and happy day. 3.[参考范文] Dear fellow schoolmates, In order to enrich campus life and make us interested in sports,our school is scheduled to hold Sports Week next week. Physical activity is necessary for our overall well-be- ing.It not only strengthens our bodies but also improves our mental and emotional health.Engaging in sports or exercise can improve concentration and reduce pressure, which will definitely better our learning performance and contribute to long-term health. I strongly recommend that all of you should take part in Sports Week.Let's treasure this chance to develop a habit of regular exercise.See you on the field! Student Union R 4.[参考范文] My Views on Filming Short Videos on Campus Dear classmates, Recently,some of us have been filming short videos on campus.In my opinion,it can be a fun way to record campus life,but it also has its drawbacks.Not only may it distract us from our studies and even disrupt the school order,but it might also cause unnecessary comparisons and affect our self-esteem when the videos don't get the expected response. I suggest we should limit the time for filming and choose proper places.Let's focus more on our academic tasks and make good use of our time on campus. Thank you! 5.[参考范文] The Great Progress of AI in 2024 In 2024,AI witnessed remarkable progress.In healthcare,AI algorithms could analyze medical images accurately,helping doctors diagnose diseases earlier.In transportation,self-driving cars,powered by AI,became more common,promising safer and more convenient trav- el.In scientific research,Al assisted in handling complex data,accelerating the pace of discovery. These applications have brought about significant positive impacts.They have increased work efficiency, improved the quality of life,and promoted scientific ad- vancements.For example,patients can receive more timely treatment,and people can save time on the road. Looking ahead,I am full of hope.I believe AI will continue to innovate in more fields,such as education and environmental protection,making our world a better place. 6.[参考范文] Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals. My favorite festival is the Mid-Autumn Festival.It usually falls in September or October.On that day,our family members usually get together and have a nice meal.After that,I always admire the moon and share mooncakes with my families.I love this festival because I like eating mooncakes.In the shape of a full moon,they carry our wishes to the families we love and miss. In short,the Mid-Autumn Festival is a day of pleas- ure and happiness.I hope that what I've written will help you get to know more about Chinese festivals. Yours, Li Hua 7.[参考范文] Dear Peter, I am very glad to hear that you'll come to China to have a tour on winter vacation.Being your guide is fortu- nate.Welcome to our city and hope that you can have a good day and enjoy yourself. First let's introduce our arrangement.Our city is a beautiful city which lies in the east of Shandong Province. We'll pay a visit to our city's museum in the morning and in the afternoon,we plan to have our lunch in the famous restaurant called Big Hotel.There is plenty of delicious food in the restaurant.In the evening,we'll have a party with my friends at my home. Looking forward to your coming! Yours, Li Hua