专题二 七、情态动词-【创新教程】2026年辽宁省普通高中学业水平合格考英语热点专练（山东省通用）

One trick is to give positive reviews to your own product or service.Best-selling writer RJ El- lory was recently caught writing 5-star reviews of his own books on Amazon.com.Using a pen name, he called one of his books a "modern masterpiece" and said another would "touch people's hearts". RJ also wrote negative reviews of his competitors' books. Another trick is to“buy”good reviews.Last year,The Cove Hotel in Cornwall was caught giv- ing guests discounts if they wrote "honest but positive" reviews on TripAdvisor.The trick worked-one guest called The Cove“a dream comes true'”.Some peo- ple are even making a living by writing favourable reviews.In 2010,American Todd Rutherford started Getting BookReviews.com.For $99,Todd would write a positive review of your book on Am- azon.com;and for $999,he'd write 50 reviews. So,how can you tell a fake review?First,if the reviewer uses lots of highly positive language, it's probably fake.Secondly,if the review reads like an advertisement,it probably is an ad.And fi- nally,if the review is negative but also speaks highly of a competitor,it might have been written by that competitor. 七、情； 学考知识必备 情态动词本身有一定的词义，但是不能独立作 谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。 一、情态动词的基本用法 1.can/could (1)表示能力。 Knowledge can change fate..知识能改变命运。 (2)表示请求和允许。 Can I go now? 一我可以走了吗？ -Yes,you can./No,you can't. 一可以。/不能。 (3)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑 问句、否定句和感叹句中。 This can't be done by him.这不可能是他做的。 2.may/might (1)表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉， 而不是may的过去式。否定回答时可用can't 或mustn't,表示“不可以，禁止”。 -May/Might I take this book out of the room? 我可以把这本书带出房间吗？ 1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A.To introduce the topic of the text. B.To explain the benefit of online reviews. C.To encourage people to refer to online re- views. D.To stress the difficulty of choosing a hotel. 2.Why do most Americans say they believe online user reviews? A.They are addicted to the Internet. B.They are too young and too stupid. C.They want to make friends with other review- ers. D.They feel like they're recommended by a friend. 3.What is the author's attitude towards online us- er reviews? A.Satisfied. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Unconcerned. 4.What does the last paragraph focus on? A.Honest but positive reviews. B.Reviews using lots of highly positive lan- guage. C.Some ways of judging a fake online review. D.Reviews speaking highly of a competitor. 态动词 -Yes,you can.(No,you can't/mustn't. 一是的，可以。/不，你不能（不准）。 (2)表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不 是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 Your mother may/might not know the truth. 你妈妈或许不知道真相。 3.must/have to (1)表示必须、必要。在回答must引出的问句时， 如果是否定回答，不能用mustn't(禁止，不 准)，而要用needn't,don't have to(不必)。 -Must we hand in our exercise books today? —我们今天必须交练习本吗？ -Yes,you must.(No,you don't have to/ you needn't.) 一是的，必须。（不，不必。) (2)must表示说话人的主观看法，而have to则强 调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have to有 更多的时态形式。 The play isn't interesting.I really must go now.表演没意思。现在我真的得走了。 I had to work when I was your age. 我在你这么大的时候，就不得不工作了。 (3)表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）。 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 你妈妈现在肯定在等你。 4.need need作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句， 在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to, should代替。 You needn't come so early. 你没有必要来得这么早。 [名师点津] need还可用作实义动词，否定句或疑问句用助 动词do;need doing表示被动意义，相当于need to be done。 My pen doesn't work.I need to buy a new one. 我的钢笔坏了。我需要买一支新的。 Your car needs cleaning.=Your car needs to be cleaned.你的汽车需要清理。 5.shall (1)shall用于第一、三人称，征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening? 我们今天晚上做什么？ (2)shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的 命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 If you don't take good care of it,you shall not use my computer. 如果不爱护它，你不准用我的电脑。 6.will/would (1)表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。 Will/Would you pass me the ball,please? 请你把球递给我好吗？ (2)表示意志、愿望和决心。 I will never do that again. 我再也不会这么做了。 (3)would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。 would表示“过去习惯”时比used to正式，且没 有“现已无此习惯”的含义。 During the vacation,he would visit me every other day..在假期中，他每隔一天就会去看我。 7.should/ought to (1)should,ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义 务或责任，比should语气重。 I should/ought to help her when she is in trou- ble.她有困难时，我应该帮助她。 (2)表示劝告、建议和命令。should,ought to可通 用，但在疑问句中常用should。 You should/ought to go to the classroom right away.你应该马上去教室。 (3)表示推测，表示“按常理应该…”。 He should/ought to be home by now. 他现在应该到家了。 二、“情态动词十have done”的用法 1.must have done对过去某事的十分肯定的猜测 2.may/might have done对过去某事的可能性猜测 3.could have done本来能够做的（有能力做）实际 上却未做 4.can't/couldn't have done对过去某事的否定 猜测 5.should/,ought to have done过去应做而未做 6.shouldn't/oughtn't to have done过去不应该做 而实际上做了 7.needn't have done本没有必要做的事而实际上 却做了 三、几组情态动词辨析 1.can和be able to (l)情态动词can只有两种时态形式：一般式can 和过去式could,而be able to有多种时态形式。 Mary can play the piano.She has been able to play it since she was 5. 玛丽会弹钢琴。她5岁起就会弹了。 (2)用在过去时中，could经常只表示有能力做某 事，而was/were able to则表示“过去做成 了某事”。 Though he could swim,he was not able to swim across the river yesterday. 虽然他会游泳，但昨天他没有游过那条河。 2.must和have to (1)must表示的是说话人的主观看法；而have to 则往往强调客观需要。 (2)两者的否定意义不同，mustn't表示“禁止，不 许”，don't have to表示“不必”。 (3)must没有时态的变化，have to则有，所以表示 “过去必须做某事”，常用had to。 You must stop at the red light. 你一定要在红灯亮时停下。 We had to show our passports. 我们必须出示我们的通行证。 3.would和used to 二者都可表示过去的习惯。 would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作，不说明 现在的情况如何，这种动作现在还有可能发生， 也可能不发生。 used to则着眼于今昔对比，强调现在已不发生 或存在。 I weigh less than I used to. 我的体重比以前轻了。 On winter evenings we would all sit around the fire. 在冬夜里，我们总是围坐在炉火旁。 学考真题精选 单句语法填空（用情态动词填空） 1.(2025·广东学业水平考试，改编)If you have a problem with a product,local store owners, who even know you by name,are of- ten willing to help. 2.(2024·新疆合格考，改编)They cause discomfort,but try to challenge these worries and replace them with more helpful thoughts. 3.(2024·湖南学业水平考，改编)Team building activities make a great difference when it comes to job satisfaction and organizational success. 4.（2023·山西省合格考，改编)Often,cultures be recognized by what the people be- lieve. 5.(2023·广西合格考，改编)They also help you have a great smile. 6.(2023·广西合格考，改编)If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain,you go to a dentist(牙 and have it pulled out. 7.(2022·江苏省合格考)According to the newly-made traffic regulation,whoever drives through red light be fined at least 200 dollars. 学考素能提升 L选词填空（二选一） 1.(2025·浙江1月卷，改编)“Stop right there！You (must/may)leave right now!"he called out,holding the branch with both hands. 2.(2025·全国二卷，改编)The wel--liked grandma reg ularly posts workout content,explaining there's no reason others can't/mustn't)look this good. 3.(2025·天津学业水平考试模拟，改编)According to the rules of the shopping mall,you (may/ should)keep your pet out of the gate. 4.(2025·山西模拟，改编)They know they (mustn't/can't)settle the homeless problem. 5.(2025·湖南模拟，改编)t (can/need)help improve your body's immune system,making you better prepared to fight off diseases. 6.(2025·湖南模拟，改编)In the videos posted,we (can/must)see the robot preparing dishes on its own. 7.(2023·山西省合格考)一 (Shall/May)we go to the airport to pick up your brother? -I don't think it's necessary.He will come here by taxi. 3 8.Often he (should/would)sit for hours do- ing nothing at all when he was in low spirits. 9.You (shouldn't/needn't)worry about my studies-I know quite clearly what to do at school. 10.(云南省春季普通高中学业水平考试)The boy (shall/must)be very naughty,because he is always scolded by his teacher. II.can,may,might,must,should,shall,need,would, could填空 1.(2025·陕西学业水平考试，改编)You always "log out"of the site when you finish your ses- sion. 2.(2025·陕西学业水平考试，改编)The vet carefully examined the dog and told the owner that he do an operation on the legs. 3.If you smoke,please go out. 4.(2025·山西模拟，改编)When people encouraged him to leave the screen to have a normal life,he respond“This is my window to the world.” 5.(2024·浙江1月卷，改编)In the course of a couple of hours,he showed me just how much one gain from traveling with an open mind,... 6.We protect our environment from being polluted. 7.(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 8.That not be Mary.She is in hospital. 9 the driver wait outside? 10.You as well do it at once. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1.(2025·天津学业水平考试模拟，改编)I actually have bought so much food-only three people came. 2.(2025·天津学业水平考试模拟，改编)You take photos of people in Egypt without first asking for permission. 3.My room is a mess,but I clean it be- fore I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning. 4.As the deadline is drawing near,no one leave with his own work uncompleted. 5.-I (not)thank you enough for what you have done for me. -You're welcome. 6.Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He have drunk too much at the party last night. V.阅读理解 (2025·陕西学业水平考试)Is there intelli- gent life on other planets besides Earth?For years, scientists weren't sure.Today,this is changing.Sci- entists believe intelligent life exists elsewhere in the universe.They also think we will soon contact these beings. Why do they think intelligent life exists on other planets?The first reason is time.Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. This is too long for only one planet in the whole universe to develop intelligent life.The second reason is size-there are at least 100 billion galax- ies.And our galaxy has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets that circle these stars might be simi- lar to Earth. In the past,it was difficult to search for signs of intelligent life in the universe.But now,ad- vanced telescopes(望远镜)allow scientists to iden- tify many more small planets in other solar sys- tems.If these planets are similar to Earth,they might have intelligent life. Have beings from outer space already visited Earth?Probably not.The distance between plan- ets is too great.Despite this,scientists think in- telligent beings might eventually contact us using 八、动词的 学考知识必备 动词的时态是指谓语动词所表示的动作或情 况发生时间的各种形式。动词的语态分为主动语 态和被动语态。 一、基本时态、语态的构成（以d0为例） 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done 般过去时 did was/were done 般将来时 will do will be done am/is/are being 现在进行时am/is/are doing done 现在完成时have/has done have/has been done other methods,but now we may not have the right tools to receive their messages.However,this is changing.Scientists believe we will make contact with other life forms in our universe within the next 20 years. 1.What is the main purpose of the text? A.To discuss how life probably started on Earth. B.To tell when the universe possibly came into being. C.To describe what life on other planets might look like. D.To explain why we may find intelligent life outside of Earth. 2.Which statement would scientists agree with? A.Intelligent life only exits on one planet. B.Intelligent beings will never contact us. C.Advanced telescopes help to discover more planets. D.There are at least 100 billion planets in our galaxy. 3.What do the underlined words“life forms”in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Messages. B.Beings. C.Planets. D.Stars. 4.What's scientists'attitude towards finding intel- ligent life in the future? A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Uncertain. D.Doubtful. 时态和语态 续表 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 现在完成 has/have been 进行时 doing 过去完成时 had done had been done 二、基本时态的用法 1.一般现在时 一般现在时描述现在或经常性的动作或状态。 (1)表示经常或反复发生的动作。 此时常与often,usually,always,sometimes,.ev ery day,twice a week等时间状语连用。 (2)表示现在的情况或状态。 (3)表示客观事实、普遍真理，格言和警句。 (4)表示按时间表、计划或规定将要发生的动作。 (5)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中代替一般将来时。Ⅲ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三项运动， 均为两队参与，规则各有不同。 l.D[细节理解题。根据第二段“The players use two things:one long stick,called a danda and a short egg- shaped bat,,called a gilli.(玩家使用两种东西：一根长 棍，叫做danda,还有一个短的蛋形球拍，叫做gilli。)”可 知，gi是一种蛋形的球拍。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第三段“Players try to push the puck along the bottom of a swimming pool into the other team's goal..(玩家们试图将puck沿着游泳池底部推到对 方球队的球门里。)”可知，O℃TOPUSH在游泳池中进行。] 3.B[细节理解题。根据文中对三项运动的描述：CYCLE BALL中“There are two teams.(有两支队伍。)”；GILL DANDA中“There are two teams.(有两支队伍。)”；OC TOPUSH中“There are two teams..(有两支队伍。)”可知， 三项运动的共同点是比赛中都有两支队伍。] IⅣ.[参考范文] Good afternoon,everyone! I'm Li Hua,a senior one student from Hongxing High School.Nowadays,there is a growing focus on health care. People are pursuing a healthy lifestyle.A healthy diet is one of the most important parts of it. As the saying goes,bread is the staff of life.Eating healthily and deliciously is the goal we pursue.From my point of view,in order to build healthy eating habits,we should eat more vegetables,which are rich in vitamins. Among them,vitamin C and vitamin A are the most impor- tant.Too much fat and sugar can lead to obesity,which is harmful to health.Besides,eating more fruits and drinking more water is of great help. I hope we can live in a healthy life.Let's take action. Thanks for your listening! 六、动词和动词短语 [学考真题精选] 1.entered 2.scored 3.arrived 4.pays 5.were 6.was 7.studied [学考素能提升] I.1.spare 2.exercise 3.charges 4.received 5.real- ized 6.did 7.benefit 8.turn II.1.come up with 2.figure out 3.Put off 4.date back to 5.take over 6.emptying out 7.trying out 8.cut off 9.shouted at 10.went through I.1.agree with 2.settle down 3.are friendly to 4.dressing up 5.gave him away 6.pick up 7.Turn to 8.lead to Ⅳ.[语篇解读]本文介绍了虚假在线评论产生的原因、途 径、影响以及如何应对。 1.A[推理判断题。本段主要通过举例引出本文的话题。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第二段“About70%of Ameri- cans say they believe online users reviews....this is be- cause when we read a review by another consumer,we feel like we're getting a personal recommendation from a friend.”可知选D。 3.B[推理判断题。根据第二段“But a recent study shows that about one third of online reviews are fake () .So,how do they do it?”可知选B] 4.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段“So,how can you tell a fake review?First..Secondly..And finally..”可知， 本段主要在论述怎样判断虚假评论。] 七、情态动词 [学考真题精选] 1.may 2.may 3.can 4.can 5.can 6.should 7.shall[考查情态动词的用法。句意：根据新的交通法 规，谁驾车闯红灯蜀款至少200美元。shall表示责任和 义务，语气严厉；适合用于规则条款。] 6 [学考素能提升] I.1.must 2.can't 3.should 4.can't 5.can 6.can 7.Shall 8.would 9.needn't 10.must II.1.should 2.could 3.must 4.would 5.can 6.should/must 7.might 8.can 9.Shall 10.may Ⅲ.1.needn't[考查情态动词。句意：实际上我本不必买 这么多食物的一只有三个人来啊。needn't have done 表示没必要做某事，实际上已经做了。故填needn't。] 2.mustn't[考查情态动词。句意：在埃及，未经许可不得 拍摄他人照片。mustn't表示“禁止，不许”。故填 mustn't。J 3.needn't[句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前 不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。needn't意为“不需 要，不必”。门 4.shal1[句意：因为截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何 人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警 告，符合句意。] 5.can't[句意：一你为我做的一切我无论怎么感谢都不 为过。 一不用谢。can not...enough表示“再…也不 为过”。] 6.must[句意：Harry觉得不舒服，他昨晚在聚会上肯定 喝太多了。由last night及语境可知，此处表示对过去的 情况肯定的推测。must have done sth..“一定做了 某事”。] V.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了科学 家认为外星可能存在智慧生命的原因，如宇宙的时间跨度 长和规模大，还探讨了目前寻找外星智慧生命的情况及未 来的可能性。 l.D[推理判断题。根据第一段“Is there intelligent life on other planets besides Earth?For years,scientists weren't sure.Today,this is changing.Scientists believe intelli- gent life exists elsewhere in the universe.They also think we will soon contact these beings.(除了地球，其他行星 上是否存在智慧生命呢？多年来，科学家们一直不确定。 如今，这种情况正在改变。科学家们认为宇宙中的其他 地方存在智慧生命。他们还认为我们很快就会与这些生 命取得联系。)”以及根据第二段“Why do they think intel- ligent life exists on other planets？(为什么他们认为其他 星球上存在智慧生命呢？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要 解释了科学家认为外星可能存在智慧生命的原因，如宇 宙的时间跨度长和规模大，还探讨了目前寻找外星智慧 生命的情况及未来的可能性。所以短文的目的是解释为 什么我们可能会在地球以外发现智慧生命。] 2.C[细节理解题。根据第三段“But now,advanced tele- scopes(望远镜)allow scientists to identify many more small planets in other solar systems..(但现在，先进的望 远镜使科学家能够在其他太阳系中识别出更多的小行 星。)”可知，先进的望远镜有助于发现更多行星。] 3.B[词义猜测题。文章一直在讨论外星是否存在智慧生 命的问题，如第一段“Is there intelligent life on other planets besides Earth？(除地球外，其他行星上是否存在 智慧生命？)”“Scientists believe intelligent life exists else where in the universe.(科学家认为宇宙中其他地方存在 智慧生命。)”以及第四段“Have beings from outer space already visited Earth?(外星生物已经访问过地球了 吗？)”“Scientists believe we will make contact with other life forms in our universe within the next 20 years. 家们相信，在未来20年内，我们将与宇宙中的其他生命 形式取得联系。)”可知，根据上下文语境，这里的“1ife forms”指的就是前文提到的外星智慧生物。] 4.A[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists believe we will make contact with other life forms in our universe within the next20 years.(科学家们相信，在未来20年 内，我们将与宇宙中的其他生命形式取得联系。)”可知， 科学家们对未来发现智慧生命持积极态度。]