内容正文:
沪外教版 八上 Unit 3 Be strong, be brave.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
emotion /ɪ'məʊʃn/ n. 情绪;情感
复数:emotions
emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/ adj. 情感的;情绪的
1. different emotions(不同的情绪)2. express emotions(表达情绪)
1. Children often find it hard to control their emotions.(孩子们通常很难控制自己的情绪。)2. She showed mixed emotions when she heard the news.(听到这个消息时,她表现出复杂的情绪。)
2
disappointed /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的;沮丧的;失意的
比较级:more disappointed;最高级:most disappointed
1. disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望2. disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ n. 失望
be disappointed at/in/with(对……失望)
1. He was disappointed with his exam results.(他对自己的考试成绩感到失望。)2. We felt disappointed when the party was canceled.(派对取消时,我们感到很沮丧。)
3
doubt /daʊt/ v. 怀疑;不相信;不信任
过去式/过去分词:doubted;n. 怀疑(同形)
doubtful /ˈdaʊtfəl/ adj. 可疑的;不确定的
1. v. doubt if/whether(怀疑是否……,肯定句)2. v. no doubt(毫无疑问,否定/疑问句用that)
1. I doubt if he will come on time.(我怀疑他是否会准时来。)2. There is no doubt that she is a good student.(毫无疑问,她是个好学生。)
4
talented /'tæləntɪd/ adj. 有才能的;天才的;有才干的
比较级:more talented;最高级:most talented
talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 天赋;才能
be talented in(在……方面有天赋)
1. She is talented in playing the piano.(她在弹钢琴方面有天赋。)2. The school has many talented students.(这所学校有很多有才华的学生。)
5
graduate /'ɡrædʒueɪt/ v. 毕业(尤指中学)
过去式/过去分词:graduated;n. 毕业生(同形)
graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ n. 毕业
graduate from(从……毕业)
1. He graduated from middle school last year.(他去年中学毕业了。)2. My sister will graduate from college next summer.(我姐姐明年夏天大学毕业。)
6
athlete /'æθliːt/ n. 运动员
复数:athletes
athletic /æθˈletɪk/ adj. 运动的;健壮的
1. top athlete(顶尖运动员)2. professional athlete(职业运动员)
1. He dreams of becoming a professional athlete.(他梦想成为一名职业运动员。)2. The team has five excellent athletes.(这支队伍有五名优秀的运动员。)
7
laugh at 嘲笑;讥笑
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
laugh at sb./sth.(嘲笑某人/某物)
1. Don’t laugh at people who make mistakes.(不要嘲笑犯错的人。)2. The other children laughed at his strange hat.(其他孩子嘲笑他那顶奇怪的帽子。)
8
fall behind 落后;落在……后面
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
1. fall behind sb.(落后于某人)2. fall behind in sth.(在某事上落后)
1. If you don’t study hard, you will fall behind others.(如果你不努力学习,就会落后于别人。)2. He fell behind in math because he was ill.(他因为生病,数学成绩落后了。)
9
run away from sth 避开;躲避;回避
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
run away from difficulties/problems(逃避困难/问题)
1. We should face challenges, not run away from them.(我们应该面对挑战,而不是逃避它们。)2. She always runs away from difficult math problems.(她总是回避难的数学题。)
10
as soon as 一……就……
固定连词短语,无词形变化
N/A
引导时间状语从句,主句用将来时/情态动词,从句用一般现在时
1. I will call you as soon as I arrive home.(我一到家就给你打电话。)2. He started to work as soon as he got to the office.(他一到办公室就开始工作。)
11
crowded /'kraʊdɪd/ adj. 人(太)多的;拥挤的
比较级:more crowded;最高级:most crowded
crowd /kraʊd/ n. 人群;v. 拥挤
be crowded with(挤满……)
1. The bus is always crowded with people during rush hour.(高峰时段公交车上总是挤满了人。)2. The supermarket was crowded with shoppers on Sunday.(周日超市里挤满了购物的人。)
12
corner /'kɔːnə(r)/ n. 街角;拐角
复数:corners
N/A
1. at the corner of(在……的拐角处)2. turn the corner(转弯)
1. There is a bookstore at the corner of this street.(这条街的拐角处有一家书店。)2. Please turn the corner and walk straight for 100 meters.(请转弯,然后直走100米。)
13
empty /'empti/ adj. 空的
比较级:emptier;最高级:emptiest;v. 清空(同形)
N/A
1. be empty of(没有……,缺乏……)2. empty box(空盒子)
1. The classroom was empty after school.(放学后教室是空的。)2. The old house is empty of furniture.(这座老房子里没有家具。)
14
seat /siːt/ n. 座位,坐处(如椅子等)
复数:seats;v. 使就座(同形)
N/A
1. take a seat(坐下,就座)2. book a seat(预订座位)
1. Please take a seat—our teacher will be here soon.(请坐,我们老师马上就来。)2. We booked two seats for the movie tonight.(我们预订了今晚电影的两个座位。)
15
row /rəʊ/ n. 一排;一列;一行(剧院、电影院等的)一排座位
复数:rows;v. /rəʊ/ 划船(同形)
N/A
1. a row of(一排……)2. sit in the same row(坐在同一排)
1. There is a row of trees in front of our school.(我们学校前面有一排树。)2. My friend and I sat in the same row at the concert.(音乐会时我和朋友坐在同一排。)
16
section /'sekʃn/ n. 部分;部门
复数:sections
N/A
1. a section of(……的一部分)2. the sports section(体育版块,报纸)
1. This section of the book is about history.(这本书的这一部分是关于历史的。)2. I like reading the sports section in the newspaper.(我喜欢看报纸的体育版块。)
17
roll /rəʊl/ v.(使)滚动
过去式/过去分词:rolled;n. 卷(同形)
N/A
1. roll down(滚下)2. roll up(卷起)
1. The ball rolled down the hill.(球从山上滚了下来。)2. She rolled up her sleeves to wash the dishes.(她卷起袖子洗碗。)
18
segregation /ˌseɡrɪ'ɡeɪʃn/ n.(对不同种族、宗教或性别的人所采取的)隔离并区别对待,隔离政策
不可数名词
segregate /ˈseɡrɪɡeɪt/ v. 隔离(初中选学)
racial segregation(种族隔离)
1. Many people fought against racial segregation in the past.(过去很多人反对种族隔离。)2. Segregation was once common in some countries.(隔离政策曾在一些国家很普遍。)
19
skin /skɪn/ n. 皮;皮肤
不可数名词;复数skins(表“兽皮”)
N/A
1. human skin(人类皮肤)2. skin color(肤色)
1. The sun can damage your skin if you don’t wear sunscreen.(不涂防晒霜,阳光会伤害你的皮肤。)2. Different people have different skin colors.(不同的人有不同的肤色。)
20
arrest /ə'rest/ v. 逮捕;拘留
过去式/过去分词:arrested;n. 逮捕(同形)
N/A
arrest sb. for sth.(因某事逮捕某人)
1. The police arrested him for stealing a bike.(警察因他偷自行车而逮捕了他。)2. He was arrested because he broke the law.(他因违法被逮捕了。)
21
refuse /rɪ'fjuːz/ v. 拒绝;回绝
过去式/过去分词:refused
refusal /rɪˈfjuːzl/ n. 拒绝
refuse to do sth.(拒绝做某事,不接doing)
1. She refused to help him because he was rude.(她拒绝帮他,因为他很粗鲁。)2. He refused to tell me his secret.(他拒绝告诉我他的秘密。)
22
ride /raɪd/ v. 搭乘;乘坐
过去式:rode;过去分词:ridden;n. 行程(同形)
N/A
1. ride a bike/bus(骑自行车/坐公交车)2. go for a ride(去兜风)
1. I ride my bike to school every day.(我每天骑自行车上学。)2. We went for a ride in the countryside last weekend.(上周末我们去乡下兜风了。)
23
fair /feə(r)/ adj.(按法律、规定)平等待人的,秉公办事的,公正的
比较级:fairer;最高级:fairest;n. 集市(同形)
fairness /ˈfeənəs/ n. 公平;公正
be fair to sb.(对某人公平)
1. The teacher is always fair to every student.(这位老师对每个学生都很公平。)2. It’s not fair to treat him differently.(区别对待他是不公平的。)
24
civil /'sɪvl/ adj. 国民的;平民的
无比较级/最高级
civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明
1. civil rights(公民权利)2. civil life(平民生活)
1. People should fight for their civil rights.(人们应该为自己的公民权利而奋斗。)2. He returned to civil life after leaving the army.(他退伍后回归了平民生活。)
25
bravery /'breɪvəri/ n. 勇气;勇敢;无畏;胆量
不可数名词
brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的
show bravery(表现出勇气)
1. She showed great bravery when she saved the child.(救孩子时,她表现出了极大的勇气。)2. His bravery inspired many young people.(他的勇敢激励了很多年轻人。)
26
dramatic /drə'mætɪk/ adj. 突然的;巨大的;令人吃惊的
比较级:more dramatic;最高级:most dramatic
drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ n. 戏剧;戏剧性事件
1. dramatic change(巨大的变化)2. dramatic moment(激动人心的时刻)
1. There has been a dramatic change in the weather.(天气发生了巨大的变化。)2. The movie has many dramatic moments.(这部电影有很多激动人心的时刻。)
27
would rather 宁愿;更喜欢
固定短语,无词形变化
N/A
1. would rather do sth.(宁愿做某事)2. would rather do A than do B(宁愿做A也不愿做B)
1. I would rather stay at home than go out in the rain.(我宁愿待在家里,也不愿冒雨出去。)2. He would rather walk to work than drive.(他宁愿步行上班,也不愿开车。)
28
Montgomery /mɒnt'ɡɒməri/ 蒙哥马利(美国亚拉巴马州首府)
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定城市,首字母大写
1. Montgomery is the capital of Alabama.(蒙哥马利是亚拉巴马州的首府。)2. We visited some historical places in Montgomery.(我们参观了蒙哥马利的一些历史景点。)
29
Alabama /ˌælə'bæmə/ 亚拉巴马(美国南部的州)
专有名词,无词形变化
N/A
表特定州,首字母大写
1. Alabama is a state in the southern US.(亚拉巴马是美国南部的一个州。)2. My cousin lives in a small town in Alabama.(我表哥住在亚拉巴马州的一个小镇上。)
30
paraglide /'pærəɡlaɪd/ v. 滑翔;进行滑翔伞运动
过去式/过去分词:paraglided
paragliding /ˈpærəɡlaɪdɪŋ/ n. 滑翔伞运动
go paragliding(去进行滑翔伞运动)
1. He wants to go paragliding during his holiday.(他想在假期去玩滑翔伞。)2. They paraglided over the mountains last summer.(去年夏天他们在山脉上空滑翔。)
31
metre /'miːtə(r)/ n. 米;公尺
复数:metres(美式:meter)
N/A
1. two metres long(两米长)2. a metre tall(一米高)
1. The table is about one metre wide.(这张桌子大约一米宽。)2. The tree in front of my house is over five metres tall.(我家门前的树有五米多高。)
32
nervous /'nɜːvəs/ adj. 焦虑的;担忧的;惶恐的
比较级:more nervous;最高级:most nervous
nervousness /ˈnɜːvəsnəs/ n. 惶恐不安(见序号33)
be nervous about(对……感到焦虑)
1. She is nervous about speaking in front of the class.(她对在全班面前发言感到焦虑。)2. He felt nervous before his driving test.(驾照考试前他感到很紧张。)
33
nervousness /'nɜːvəsnəs/ n. 惶恐不安
不可数名词
nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 焦虑的(见序号32)
N/A
1. Her nervousness made her hands shake.(她的惶恐不安让她的手发抖。)2. He tried to hide his nervousness before the exam.(考试前他试图掩饰自己的紧张。)
34
lady /'leɪdi/ n. 女士,女子
复数:ladies(不规则变化)
N/A
1. a young lady(一位年轻女士)2. ladies’ room(女卫生间)
1. A kind lady helped me find my way.(一位善良的女士帮我找到了路。)2. The ladies’ room is on the second floor.(女卫生间在二楼。)
35
officer /'ɒfɪsə(r)/ n.(政府或大机构的)官员,高级职员
复数:officers
official /əˈfɪʃl/ adj. 官方的;n. 官员(见序号6)
1. police officer(警察)2. government officer(政府官员)
1. A police officer helped the old man cross the street.(一位警察帮老人过了马路。)2. He works as a government officer in Beijing.(他在北京当政府官员。)
36
stressed /strest/ adj. 焦虑不安;心力交瘁
比较级:more stressed;最高级:most stressed
stress /stres/ n. 压力;v. 强调
be stressed out(压力过大;心力交瘁)
1. She is stressed out because of too much work.(她因为工作太多而心力交瘁。)2. He feels stressed when he has exams.(考试时他会感到焦虑。)
37
relax /rɪ'læks/ v. 宽慰;(使)冷静,放心,镇定
过去式/过去分词:relaxed;现在分词:relaxing
1. relaxing /rɪˈlæksɪŋ/ adj. 令人放松的2. relaxation /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃn/ n. 放松
1. relax oneself(放松自己)2. relax after work(下班后放松)
1. Listening to music helps me relax after a busy day.(忙碌一天后,听音乐帮我放松。)2. She relaxed herself by taking a walk.(她通过散步放松自己。)
38
diary /'daɪəri/ n. 日记;日记簿
复数:diaries(变y为i加es)
N/A
1. keep a diary(写日记)2. write in a diary(记日记)
1. I keep a diary to record my daily life.(我写日记记录日常生活。)2. She wrote about her trip in her diary.(她在日记里写下了自己的旅行经历。)
39
entry /'entri/ n.(词典等的)条目;词条;账目;记录
复数:entries
enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进入;登记
1. a dictionary entry(词典条目)2. a diary entry(日记记录)
1. This dictionary has over 50,000 entries.(这本词典有超过5万个词条。)2. I made a short entry in my diary last night.(昨晚我在日记里写了一段简短的记录。)
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