Unit 2 Making friends. 同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年沪外教版(2024)七年级英语上册

2025-09-09
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摘要:

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了沪外教版七年级上册Unit 2 "Making Friends"的核心词汇与短语,涵盖情感表达、人际交往、行为习惯等主题范畴,构建了从单词本义到词形变化、派生拓展、语法搭配及语境应用的多维学习支架,助力学生实现语言输入到输出的闭环。 清单通过分类归纳、层级标注和语境关联等方式呈现知识体系,如将“laugh at sb.”“tell the truth”等高频考点标为“重点句型”,并配以真实例句强化理解,体现语言能力与思维品质的融合培养。特别设计“易混词对比表”(如lonely与alone)、“记忆口诀卡片”(如“borrow from, lend to”口诀)和“固定短语图解卡”,帮助学生高效区分难点,提升学习效率。教师可据此精准定位教学重难点,学生则能自主构建词汇网络,实现从识记到运用的进阶发展,真正落实核心素养导向下的深度学习。

内容正文:

沪外教版 七上 UNIT 2 Making friends. 同步词汇笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 laugh /lɑ:f/ v. 笑;发笑 过去式/过去分词:laughed;现在分词:laughing laughter /ˈlɑːftə(r)/ n. 笑声 laugh at sb./sth.(嘲笑某人/某物) 1. Don’t laugh at others’ mistakes.(不要嘲笑别人的错误。)2. We laughed loudly at the funny story.(我们听了这个滑稽的故事大声笑了。) 2 lie /laɪ/ n. 谎言;谎话 复数:lies;v. /laɪ/ 躺(过去式:lay;过去分词:lain,此处侧重名词) liar /ˈlaɪə(r)/ n. 说谎者 tell a lie(说谎);tell lies(说假话) 1. He told a lie to his mother about his homework.(关于作业,他对妈妈说了谎。)2. No one likes people who tell lies.(没人喜欢说谎的人。) 3 truth /tru:θ/ n. 真相;事实 不可数名词;复数truths(表“真理”) true /truː/ adj. 真实的;正确的 tell the truth(说实话);the truth about sth.(某事的真相) 1. You should tell the truth to your teacher.(你应该对老师说实话。)2. We finally found out the truth about the accident.(我们最终查明了事故的真相。) 4 secret /'si:krət/ n. 秘密;机密 复数:secrets;adj. 秘密的(同形) secretly /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地 keep a secret(保守秘密);tell sb. a secret(告诉某人秘密) 1. Can you keep this secret for me?(你能帮我保守这个秘密吗?)2. She shared her secret with her best friend.(她和最好的朋友分享了自己的秘密。) 5 forever /fər'evə(r)/ adv. 永远 无比较级/最高级 N/A 常用于一般现在时或将来时,表“永久” 1. Friendship can last forever if we care for it.(如果我们珍惜,友谊可以永存。)2. I will remember this happy moment forever.(我会永远记住这个快乐的时刻。) 6 problem /'prɒbləm/ n. 棘手的问题;难题 复数:problems N/A 1. solve a problem(解决问题)2. have a problem with sth.(在某事上有困难) 1. He helped me solve the math problem.(他帮我解决了这道数学难题。)2. Do you have a problem with this plan?(你对这个计划有疑问吗?) 7 honest /'ɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的;坦率的 比较级:more honest;最高级:most honest honesty /ˈɒnəsti/ n. 诚实 1. be honest with sb.(对某人诚实)2. an honest person(诚实的人,注意冠词“an”) 1. You must be honest with your parents.(你必须对父母诚实。)2. She is an honest girl who never tells lies.(她是个从不说谎的诚实女孩。) 8 look after 对……负责;照料;照顾 固定短语,无词形变化 N/A look after sb./sth.(照料某人/某物,同义短语:take care of) 1. She stays at home to look after her sick grandma.(她在家照顾生病的奶奶。)2. Can you look after my dog while I’m away?(我不在时你能照看我的狗吗?) 9 each other 互相,彼此 相互代词,无词形变化 N/A 用于两者之间,后接动词原形 1. We help each other with homework.(我们互相帮忙做作业。)2. The two friends often write to each other.(这两个朋友经常互相写信。) 10 lonely /'ləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的;寂寞的 比较级:lonelier;最高级:loneliest alone /əˈləʊn/ adj. 独自的(区别:lonely表情感,alone表状态) feel lonely(感到孤独);a lonely person(孤独的人) 1. The old man feels lonely because his children are far away.(老人因为孩子远在他乡而感到孤独。)2. She lives alone but never feels lonely.(她独自生活,但从不感到寂寞。) 11 usually /'ju:ʒuəli/ adv. 通常地;经常地 无比较级/最高级 usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的 usually + 动词原形(表“习惯性动作”) 1. He usually gets up at 7 o’clock in the morning.(他通常早上7点起床。)2. We usually go to the park on weekends.(我们通常周末去公园。) 12 surprised /sə'praɪzd/ adj. 惊讶的;感觉意外的 比较级:more surprised;最高级:most surprised 1. surprise /səˈpraɪz/ v. 使惊讶;n. 惊喜2. surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 be surprised at sth.(对某事感到惊讶) 1. I was surprised at the good news.(我对这个好消息感到惊讶。)2. She looked surprised when she saw me.(她看到我时,看起来很意外。) 13 comic /'kɒmɪk/ n.(儿童看的)连环画杂志 复数:comics;adj. 滑稽的(同形) N/A comic book(漫画书);read comics(看连环画) 1. My little brother likes reading comic books after school.(我弟弟放学后喜欢看漫画书。)2. She bought a new comic from the bookstore.(她从书店买了一本新的连环画杂志。) 14 celebrate /'selɪbreɪt/ v. 庆祝;庆贺 过去式/过去分词:celebrated celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ n. 庆祝活动 celebrate sth.(庆祝某事);celebrate a festival(庆祝节日) 1. We celebrate our National Day on October 1st.(我们10月1日庆祝国庆节。)2. They celebrated their team’s victory with a party.(他们举办派对庆祝球队获胜。) 15 decide /dɪ'saɪd/ v. 对……作出抉择;决定 过去式/过去分词:decided decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定 decide to do sth.(决定做某事,不接doing) 1. She decided to study English harder this term.(她决定这学期更努力学英语。)2. They decided to go to the mountains for a trip.(他们决定去山里旅行。) 16 elderly /'eldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的,上了年纪的 无比较级/最高级(表“年长的”,不用于比较) N/A elderly people(老年人,委婉表达,同义:old people) 1. We should help elderly people cross the street.(我们应该帮老年人过马路。)2. The community has a club for elderly residents.(这个社区有一个老年人活动俱乐部。) 17 borrow /'bɒrəʊ/ v. 借;借用 过去式/过去分词:borrowed borrower /ˈbɒrəʊə(r)/ n. 借用人(初中选学) borrow sth. from sb.(从某人处借某物,区别:lend“借给”) 1. I borrowed a dictionary from the school library.(我从学校图书馆借了一本字典。)2. Can I borrow your pen? Mine is broken.(我能借你的笔吗?我的坏了。) 18 hold /həʊld/ v. 抱着;拿着 过去式/过去分词:held;现在分词:holding holder /ˈhəʊldə(r)/ n. 持有者(初中选学) hold sth. in one’s hand(手里拿着某物);hold sb.(抱着某人) 1. She held her baby gently in her arms.(她轻轻地把宝宝抱在怀里。)2. He held a book in his hand and walked into the classroom.(他手里拿着一本书走进了教室。) 19 make friends with 成为(某人的)朋友 固定短语,无词形变化 N/A make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友,friends用复数) 1. She wants to make friends with the new student.(她想和新来的同学交朋友。)2. It’s easy to make friends with people who like sports.(和喜欢运动的人交朋友很容易。) 20 keep one's head down 避免引人注意 固定短语,无词形变化 N/A 表“低调行事,不张扬” 1. He kept his head down and focused on his work.(他低调行事,专注于工作。)2. She likes to keep her head down in public places.(她在公共场所喜欢不引人注目。) 21 on the way to 在去……的路上 固定短语,无词形变化 N/A 1. on the way to + 地点(去某地的路上)2. 后接副词(如home/there)时省略to:on the way home 1. I met my teacher on the way to school.(我在去学校的路上遇到了老师。)2. We bought some fruit on the way home.(我们在回家的路上买了些水果。) 22 The Wanderings of Sanmao 《三毛流浪记》 专有名词,无词形变化 N/A 表特定文学作品,首字母大写 1. The Wanderings of Sanmao is a famous comic in China.(《三毛流浪记》是中国著名的连环画。)2. I read The Wanderings of Sanmao when I was a child.(我小时候读过《三毛流浪记》。) 23 buddy /'bʌdi/ n. 搭档;伙伴 复数:buddies N/A 口语化表达,同义:friend/partner 1. He and his buddy often play basketball together.(他和他的搭档经常一起打篮球。)2. My new buddy helps me with my English.(我的新伙伴帮我学英语。) 24 teenager /'ti:neɪdʒə(r)/ n.(13至19岁的)青少年 复数:teenagers teen /tiːn/ n. 青少年(口语化) young teenagers(年少的青少年);teenager life(青少年生活) 1. Most teenagers like listening to pop music.(大多数青少年喜欢听流行音乐。)2. She works as a volunteer to help troubled teenagers.(她作为志愿者帮助有困难的青少年。) 25 spend /spend/ v. 花(时间);度过 过去式/过去分词:spent N/A 1. spend time (in) doing sth.(花时间做某事,in可省略)2. spend time on sth.(在某事上花时间) 1. He spends two hours reading every day.(他每天花两小时阅读。)2. She spent a lot of time on her homework.(她在作业上花了很多时间。) 26 join /dʒɔɪn/ v. 成为……的一员;参加 过去式/过去分词:joined N/A 1. join + 组织/团体(如club/team)2. join sb.(加入某人,指参与某人的活动) 1. He joined the school football team last year.(他去年加入了学校足球队。)2. Can I join you in playing games?(我能加入你们一起玩游戏吗?) 27 friendship /'frendʃɪp/ n. 友谊;朋友关系 不可数名词;复数friendships(表“多段友谊”) friend /frend/ n. 朋友;friendly adj. 友好的 develop friendship(发展友谊);deep friendship(深厚的友谊) 1. Their friendship has lasted for ten years.(他们的友谊已经持续了十年。)2. We should treasure the friendship between us.(我们应该珍惜彼此之间的友谊。) 28 together /tə'geðə(r)/ adv. 在一起;共同 无比较级/最高级 N/A do sth. together(一起做某事);stay together(待在一起) 1. We often study together after class.(我们课后经常一起学习。)2. The family stays together for dinner every Sunday.(这家人每周日都一起吃晚饭。) 29 challenge /'tʃælɪndʒ/ n. & v. 挑战;艰巨任务 1. n. 复数:challenges2. v. 过去式/过去分词:challenged challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 有挑战性的 1. n. face a challenge(面对挑战)2. v. challenge sb.(挑战某人) 1. Learning a new language is a big challenge for him.(学一门新语言对他来说是个大挑战。)2. He challenged me to a chess game.(他向我挑战下象棋。) 30 common /'kɒmən/ adj. 共同的;共享的 比较级:more common;最高级:most common commonly /ˈkɒmənli/ adv. 通常地 1. common interests(共同的兴趣)2. have sth. in common(有共同之处,见序号33) 1. They have many common interests, like reading and music.(他们有很多共同兴趣,比如阅读和音乐。)2. It’s common for students to have homework every day.(学生每天有作业是很常见的。) 31 loyal /'lɔɪəl/ adj. 忠诚的;忠实的 比较级:more loyal;最高级:most loyal loyalty /ˈlɔɪəlti/ n. 忠诚(初中选学) be loyal to sb./sth.(对某人/某物忠诚) 1. A dog is loyal to its owner.(狗对主人很忠诚。)2. She is loyal to her friends and always helps them.(她对朋友很忠实,总是帮助他们。) 32 truly /'tru:li/ adv.(说法、感觉等)真诚地 无比较级/最高级 true /truː/ adj. 真实的;truth n. 真相 truly believe(真诚地相信);truly sorry(真心抱歉) 1. I truly believe he will keep his promise.(我真诚地相信他会信守承诺。)2. She was truly sorry for her mistake.(她对自己的错误真心感到抱歉。) 33 get along (与……)和睦相处,相处融洽 固定短语,无词形变化 N/A get along with sb.(与某人和睦相处) 1. She gets along well with her classmates.(她和同学们相处得很好。)2. It’s important to get along with your neighbors.(和邻居和睦相处很重要。) 34 have sth in common 有共同之处 固定短语,无词形变化 N/A 后接名词/代词,表“两人/物有共同特征” 1. My best friend and I have a lot in common.(我和我最好的朋友有很多共同之处。)2. These two books have nothing in common.(这两本书没有任何共同之处。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 2 Making friends. 同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年沪外教版(2024)七年级英语上册
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Unit 2 Making friends. 同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年沪外教版(2024)七年级英语上册
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Unit 2 Making friends. 同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年沪外教版(2024)七年级英语上册
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