内容正文:
Lesson 42 Not very musical
一、核心词汇解析
1. musical /ˈmjuːzɪkl/
词性:形容词(adj.)
含义及搭配
①表示 “音乐的”,常见搭配如下:
a musical instrument(乐器)
a musical performance(音乐演奏)
a musical score(乐谱)
②表示 “喜爱音乐的,精通音乐的”
如:She is a musical girl who can play many instruments.(她是个喜爱音乐的女孩,会弹奏多种乐器。)
相关词汇:musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/(名词,n.),含义为 “音乐家”
如:He dreams of becoming a famous musician.(他梦想成为一名著名的音乐家。)
2. market /ˈmɑːkɪt/
词性:名词(n.)
含义:市场,集市
相关搭配
market price(市场价)
sales price(销售价)
market economy(市场经济)
planned economy(计划经济)
bull market(牛市)
bear market(熊市)
3. snake charmer /ˈsneɪk ˌtʃɑːmə/
含义:玩蛇者
相关词汇
①charm
词性:名词(n.)
含义:魅力
例如:He has a lot of charm.(他很有魅力。)
Her happy smile is one of her charms.(她开心的笑容是她的魅力之一。)
②charmer
词性:名词(n.)
含义:有吸引力的人
③charming /ˈtʃɑːmɪŋ/
词性:形容词(adj.)
含义:令人高兴的,迷人的,可爱的,与 “delightful” 意思相近
搭配:a charming village(一个迷人的村庄);a charming song(一首悦耳的歌)
4. pipe n. 水管管子
bamboo pipe 竹笛
5. tune n. 曲调
相关搭配
走调 out of tune
吹奏一首曲子 play a tune
和谐,协调 in tune
练习:这首歌的曲调很容易记。
The tune of the song is easy to remember.
练习:他的思想适合时代潮流。
His thoughts is in tune with times.
练习:他唱歌爱走调。
He usually sings out of tune.
6. glimpse /ɡlɪmps/
词性:名词(n.)
含义:一瞥,一看(通常做单数)
常见搭配
have a glimpse of...(瞥见了)
catch a glimpse of...(一眼瞥见某人或某事物)
get a glimpse of...(瞥见;窥见)
练习:看他一眼就够了。
One glimpse of him is enough.
练习:我窥见到他的真实感情。
I had a glimpse of his true feelings.
7. snake /sneɪk/ & snack /snæk/
单词 音标 词性 含义
snake /sneɪk/ 名词(n.) 蛇
snack /snæk/ 名词(n.) 小吃
8. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/
词性:名词(n.)
含义:动作
相关词汇:move(动词,v.)
含义 1:移动,改变位置
例句:Don't move, stay still.(不要动,保持静止。)
含义 2:使(某人)感动,使动心
练习:这个故事令我十分感动。
The story moved me deeply/a lot.
衍生形容词:
moving(令人感动的)
例如:This is a moving film.(这是一部感人的电影。)
moved(感到感动的)
练习:我们都被她的善良所感动。
We were all moved by her kindness.
9. continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/
词性:动词(v.)
含义:继续
continue doing sth 继续做同一件事
continue to do sth 继续做另一件事
continual adj 断断续续的
continuous adj 持续的
练习:自从我买了这辆车它就时不时的出毛病。
There have been continual problems with my car since I bought it.
练习:微波炉老是发出滋声。
The microwave oven makes buzzing noises continuously.
10. dance /dɑːns/
词性:动词(v.)
含义:跳舞
相关短语:make a song and dance(小题大做)
例句:You may be a bit upset, but it's really nothing to make a song and dance.(你或许有些苦恼,但实在不必小题大做。)
11. obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/
词性:副词(adv.)
含义:显然
相关词汇:obvious(形容词,adj.),含义为 “明显的”
练习:这是明摆着的事实。
It is an obvious fact.
练习:把这样明显的错误都忽略过去了,多窝囊呀!
How stupid to overlook such an obvious mistake!
练习:这么明显的错误他都没看出来,可见他很粗心。
It is careless of him not to find out this obvious mistake.
12. difference /ˈdɪfrəns/
词性:名词(n.)
含义:差别,差异
difference n. 差异 difference between A and B
different adj 不同的 A be different from B
differ v. 差异,区别 differ A from B
例如:Can you tell me the difference between these two words?(你能告诉我这两个单词的区别吗?)
二、重点句型
1. As we had had a long walk through one of the markets of Old Delhi, we stopped at a square to have a rest.
①have a walk:散步。
这里 “have + 名词” 的结构可以用来代替普通的实义动词。walk 在此处是名词,而 “have a walk” 就是代替 walk 作动词的用法,是一种口语化的表达。又如本句里的 “to have a rest”。
②stop to do sth.:表示 “停下手中之事来做另一件事”;而 “stop doing sth.” 表示 “停下手中之事”;stop sb from doing 阻止某人做
Stop running! 别跑了!
Stop to run! 停下来,开始跑!
2. As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets.
这是一个定语从句,修饰 pipe,说明了其特征。“be covered with” 是 “覆盖;镶嵌” 之意。
The walls used to be covered with posters. 以前墙上都是海报。
The watch is covered with hundreds of diamonds. 手表上镶了上百粒钻石。
3. The snake, however, continued to “dance” slowly. It obviously could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz!
①however 在这里表达了与前面的对比,提示本句与前文是转折关系。
②tell 在此处是 “辨别” 的意思。
Time will tell. 时间能证明一切。
The 2-year-old is able to tell colors. 这个两岁的小家伙已经能辨别颜色了。
三、重点语法:have 的四种重要结构
(一)have + 宾语 + 不定式
结构解析:该结构中 “have” 的基本意思是 “有”。
主要用法
表示 “有某事要做”,其中的不定式作定语。
例句 1:She didn't have the courage to refuse.(她没有勇气拒绝。)
例句 2:Birds have the instinct to learn to fly.(鸟有学飞的本能。)
例句 3:We have every reason to think he may still be alive.(我们有充分理由认为他可能还活着。)
表示 “因为有 A,结果发生了 B”,其中的不定式作结果状语。
例句 1:I had the luck to find him at home.(我真幸运,找他时他正在家。)
例句 2:They had the misfortune to be hit.(他们不幸被击中了。)
(二)have + 宾语 + 动词原形
结构解析:该结构中的动词原形实为省略了 “to” 的不定式,用作宾语补足语,其中的 “have” 为使役动词。
主要用法
表示 “叫(请、使、让)某人做某事”。
例句 1:He had his son clean the car.(他叫他的儿子擦车。)
例句 2:I'll have the gardener plant some trees.(我要让园丁种些树。)
例句 3:Don't interrupt her: let her have her say.(别打断她的话,让她把意见说出来。)
表示 “容忍或允许某人做某事”(用于否定句,尤与 “won't, can't” 连用)。
例句:I won't have you tell me what to do.(我不能让你对我做的事指手划脚。)
(三)have + 宾语 + 现在分词
结构解析:该结构中的现在分词用作宾语补足语,其中的 “have” 为使役动词。
主要用法
表示 “使(让)某人(某事物)一直做某事或处于做某事的状态之中”。
例句 1:She had her audience listening attentively.(她使听众听得入神。)
例句 2:Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.(没出几分钟他就让全体听众笑起来,鼓起掌来。)
例句 3:The film had us all sitting on the edges of our seats with excitement.(这部影片让我们大家激动不已,都坐在座位边缘。)
表示 “容忍或允许某人做某事”(用于否定句,尤与 “won't, can't” 连用)。
例句 1:He won't have boys arriving late.(他不允许孩子们迟到。)
例句 2:I won't have you smoking at your age.(我不能让你在这个年纪就抽烟。)
例句 3:I hate to have my boss standing over me.(我不喜欢上司监督我。)
表示 “说服或命令某人做某事”。
例句:He had me doing all kinds of jobs for her.(他叫我为她做各种事情。)
补充句式:“have difficulty (in) doing sth.” 是英语中常用的句式,其中 “have” 表示 “有”,意为 “做某事有困难”。
例句:We had the greatest difficulty imaginable getting here in time.(我们为了及时赶到此地,经历了可想而知的最大困难。)
(四)have + 宾语 + 过去分词
结构解析:该结构中的过去分词用作宾语补足语,其中的 “have” 为使役动词,且过去分词与其前的宾语存在被动关系。
主要用法
表示 “请(让)别人做某事”。
例句 1:We had the machine repaired.(我们请人修理了机器。)
例句 2:She's gone into hospital to have her appendix taken out.(她已住院去切除阑尾。)
例句 3:What beautiful curls—why do you want to have them cut off?(你那鬈发多漂亮啊 —— 为什么要剪掉呢?)
补充说明:有时也可表示无意志的行为,例如:He had his salary raised.(他加薪了。)
表示 “经历或遭遇某情况”。
例句 1:He had his finger cut.(他的手指弄伤了。)
例句 2:I had my watch stolen yesterday.(我的表昨天被人偷去了。)
表示 “主动地完成某动作或解决某事”。
例句 1:I've had all my mistakes corrected.(我已把所有的错误都改正过来了。)
例句 2:You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it explained often enough.(到现在你应该理解这条交通规则了,已经给你解释得够多了。)
例句 3:I have had everything prepared beforehand.(我已事先把一切都准备好了。)
例句 4:Paul's mother had him adopted because she couldn't look after him herself.(保罗的母亲因为自己无力抚养他,便将他送给别人收养了。)
表示 “容忍或允许做某事”(用于否定句,尤与 “won't, can't” 等连用)。
例句:We won't have anything said against the Party.(我们不允许有人这样攻击党。)
特殊说明:以下句子中的 “worried” 可视为形容词,而非过去分词,例如:The news had me worried.(我听了这消息十分不安。)
重点巩固练习:
1. 你或许有些苦恼,但实在不必小题大做
You may be a bit upset, but it is really nothing to make a song and dance.
2. 山顶终年积雪。
The top of the mountain/ The mountain peak is covered with snow all year round.
3. 如果继续下雨,我们不得不取消这次聚会
We'll have to cancel /call off this party if it continues raining.
4. 开心的笑容是她的一个动人之处
A happy smile is one of her charms.
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