Unit 3 The art of painting Integrated skills～Extended reading 学案-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语教学资料围绕Book4 Unit3 The Art of Painting展开，系统梳理了与绘画艺术相关的重点词汇、短语和句式结构。从词形转换到语境运用，从基础表达到复杂句型分析，知识链由浅入深，层层递进，形成“词汇积累—短语掌握—句式理解—语用输出”的完整学习支架。 资料以语言能力为核心，融合文化意识与思维品质培养，构建出兼具学科深度与育人价值的学习路径。通过真实语境中的词汇拓展（如insight, precise, expose等）强化语言理解和表达能力，借助《清明上河图》背景渗透中华优秀传统文化，激发学生对历史与现实的批判性思考。习题设计注重情境化应用，如倒装句、过去分词作状语等语法点均结合文本实例训练，提升学生逻辑推理与语言迁移能力，体现新课标倡导的“学思结合、用创为本”的学习方式。

Book4 Unit3 The art of painting Integrated skills~Extended reading 学案 第一部分 重点词汇 一、词形词性转换 1. arrange vt. 整理，布置；安排，筹备 → _______________ n.安排，布置，约定 2. insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 → ____________adj.有深刻见解的 3. wind v. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 → _________pp./_________pt. 4. civilian n. 平民，老百姓，庶民 → ___________adj.文明的 → ______________n.文明 5. precise adj. 细致的，精细的，精确的 → ___________ant.不精确的 → ___________adv.精确地，恰恰 6. ambitious adj. 有野心的，有抱负的，艰巨的 → ___________ n.野心，抱负 7. comprehensive adj. 全面的，综合性的 → ____________ v.理解，包含→ _____________n.理解，包含 8. structure n. 建筑物，结构，精心组织 → _____________adj.结构性的 9. critic n. 批评家，评论家 → ____________v.批评，批判，评论 → _____________n.批评，指责，评价 → ___________adj.批判的，爱挑剔的，决定性的 10. inspection n. 检查，审视，视察 → __________v.检查，审视 → _____________n.检查员，督察 11. expose v. 揭露；暴露；使接触 → ___________adj.暴露的，无遮蔽的 → ____________n.暴露，揭露 12. political adj. 政治的，政权的 →__________ n.政策 →___________ n.政治学→___________ n.政治家 13. rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的 → ___________adv.很好地，难得 → ___________n.稀有，珍品 14. historic adj. 历史上著名的，有历史意义的 → __________ n.历史 → _____________adj.基于史实的 二、词汇知识 1. Arrange the vegetables on the toast to create your portrait. arrange v. 整理，布置；安排，筹备 → arrangement n. 安排，布置，约定 arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 arrange with sb about sth 就某事和某人协商 make an arrangement/arrangements for 为...做出安排 【练一练】 ①I have __________ ________ the neighbors ________ _________ the cat. 我已和邻居商量妥喂猫的事。 ②In a word, all ____ ___________ we made go well. 总之，我们做出的安排进展顺利。 2. Painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll, it offers an important insight into life in China in the 12th century. insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 → insightful adj. 有见解的 give sb an insight into sth 使某人了解某事 have an insight into sth 洞悉，了解 a man of great insight 有见识的人 【练一练】 ①He was a man of forceful character, with considerable __________ and diplomatic skills. 他是个性格坚强的人，有着非凡的洞察力和交际手腕。 ②The book gives _____ _________ _________ ________ Mrs Blair’s character. 这本书对布莱尔夫人的性格作了生动的剖析。 3. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.. wind (wound, wound) v. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 → winding adj.蜿蜒的，(楼梯等)螺旋状的 a winding path 蜿蜒曲折的道路 wind one’s way to... (路、河流或一行人)蜿蜒曲折 wind sth up 摇上(车窗等); (钟表等)上发条；结束（讲话、会议等） wind up doing sth=end up doing sth 结果/最终/到头来是... wind sth around sth 把...缠绕在...上 wind down 摇下(车窗等)；逐渐减小(工作规模)；使逐步停止/关闭 【练一练】 ①With bandages __________ _________ the arms, the injured went away. 伤员手臂包扎了绷带走了出去。 ②He _________ _______ _________ all the way home. 他最后落得步行回家。 ③He ___________________ the car window and handed me a bag. 他摇下车窗递给我一个包。 4. Zhang’s amazing artstic technique is apparent all across the scroll. apparent adj. (常用表语)显而易见的，明白易懂的；(常用于名词前)外表的；表面上的；显然的 →apparently adv. 似乎，据说；显然 for no apparent reason 不知什么原因 apparent contradiction 明显的矛盾 It is apparent/obvious that... ...是很明显的 【练一练】 ①It was _________ ______ he was telling lies. 很明显他在说谎。 ②My parents were concerned about my __________ ________ ______ ________ for school. 我看起来对上学不敢兴趣，父母很担心。 ③____ _______ ______________ ___________ to everyone that he couldn’t sing. 很快大家都明白了他不会唱歌。 5. The most impressive aspect of the painting, however, is probably Zhang’s precise brushwork. precise a. 精致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的 ;严谨的 to be precise/precisely speaking 确切地说 a precise date 确切的日期 precise details/instructions/measurements 确切的细节/明确的指令/精确的尺寸 a precise mind 周密的头脑 【练一练】 ①She can pinpoint his _________ location on a map. 她能在地图上指出他的确切位置。 ②He was very _________ _________ everything he is engaged in. 他做每一件事都一丝不苟。 ③The train leaves at 8 am. according to the schedule, or ___________________________ 7.58 am. 根据时刻表火车8点开，确切地说是7.58。 6. This well-developed ability, as well as the scroll’s ambitious size, allows Zhang to show an enormous amount of detail. ambitious a. 宏大的，艰巨的；（耗资）巨大的；有野心的 → ambition n. 野心；志向，抱负 be ambitious to do/for sth 渴望做某事 have an ambition to do/of doing/for sth 有做某事的雄心壮志 be filled with ambition 充满上进心 achieve/fulfil/realize an ambition 实现理想 Until all is over ambition never dies. 不到黄河心不死。 【练一练】 ①He’s a very __________ (ambition) guy and he wants to play at the highest level. ②Let’s develop the motivation to learn English and move forward ____________ (ambitious). ③__________________________________________ finally came true after 10 years. 十年后，他环游世界的抱负终于实现了。 ④________________________________________________________________. 他们渴望改变世界。 7. Some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. 1) critic n. 批评家，评论家 → criticize v. 批评，评论 → criticism n. 批判；评论（艺术作品等）→ critical adj. 批判的；挑剔的；关键的；紧要的 be criticized for 因...而受到批评 develop critical thinking 培养批判性思维 be critical of sth 对...挑剔的 be of critical importance to=be critical to 对...是至关重要的 【练一练】 ①We _______ ____________ _______ the delay in dealing the matter. 我们因为没有及时处理这件事而受到批评。 ②Your decision ___________________________________________________ our future. 你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。 2) inspection n. 检查，查看，审视；视察 → inspect v. 检查;审视 → inspector n. 检察员；督察 a close/thorough inspection 彻底调查 carry out/ conduct/ make an inspection 做调查 undergo a medical inspection 接受健康检查 【练一练】 ① The teacher walked around _______ _________ _________ ____________. 老师走来走去，检查他们的作业。 ②The visiting president made _____ ___________ of the troops. 来访的总统检阅了部队。 3) expose v. 暴露；揭露：使接触 → exposed adj. 暴露的，无遮蔽的 → exposure n. 暴露；揭露 be/get exposed to 接触；经受；暴露在...中 expose a plot to sb 向某人揭露阴谋 expose sb to sth 让某人接触某物 【练一练】 ①If _________(expose) to the sunlight directly, the ancient paintings will be seriously damaged. ②Many people in China have limited __________(expose) to English, making it extra hard to practise it. ③__________ children _______ music is ___________ _______ meaningless. 让孩子们接触音乐绝非毫无意义。 ④__________________________________________________________________________. 已知接触铅会损害幼童的大脑。 8. In fact , the Nothern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage. decline v. 减少，下降；衰退，衰落；婉拒 n. 衰退；下降 decline (from...) to... (从...)下降/减少到... decline by... 下降/减少了... decline sth/to do sth 婉拒(做)某事 be in decline=be on the decline 在下降 economic/financial decline 经济/金融衰退 【练一练】 ①The officer declined _____________ (make) any comments on the incident. ②The price of electronic products has declined _____ 20% since last year. ③[应用文 新闻报道] It is reported that the number of pandas in the wild __________________________. 据报道野生大熊猫数量正在减少。 9. The last time it was on exhibition, crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes. 1) exhibition n.展览，展出；展览会 → exhibit v.陈列，展览；n.展览品 on exhibition=on display 在展览 put sth on exhibition 展出某物 put on/organize an art exhibition 举办/组织艺术展 【练一练】 ①_____________________________________________________. 请勿触碰展品。 ②She___________ ________ _______ in the face of danger. 面对危险她毫无惧色。 2) rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的；珍贵的；（肉）半熟的 → rarely adv. 很少（放句首，句子部分倒装） rare breed 稀有物种 show rare talent in painting 在绘画方面有非凡的才能 【练一练】 _________ ________ _______ come across Mr.Eldon. 我很少遇到埃尔登先生。 10. Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including butchers, hairdressers and government officials can be seen is going about their daily business. go about v. 从事；忙于；开始做 go after 追赶；追求；谋求 go against 违反；违背；不利于 go in for 参加；从事；对...感兴趣 go out (灯，火，电) 熄灭，中断 go off 离开；走火；爆炸；突然响起；中断供应 go round/around 四处走动；(疾病，消息等) 流传 go through 穿过；仔细检查；经历；(提案等) 被通过 go without 没有...也行 go all out to do sth/for sth 全力以赴做某事 have a go at sth 尝试 【练一练】 ①It is said that the new school regulation didn’t ________________. ②There is a story____________ the school that he will be promoted. ③While I was cooking supper, the electricity ___________. ④She managed to ________________ others’ help. ⑤I was going to __________________ parachuting but lost my nerve at last minute. 第二部分 重点短语 Page 36-37 Integrated skills 1 unusual materials in art 不常见的艺术材料 2 be well known for 因...而闻名 3 regard... as rubbish 把...认为是垃圾 4 play an important role in... 在...中扮演重要角色 5 find inspiration for... 为...寻找灵感 6 make an amazing food portrait 制作精美食物肖像 7 make art out of food 用食物创作艺术 8 common food in the kitchen 厨房中的常见食物 9 a variety of vegetables 各种蔬菜 10 slices of garlic 蒜片 11 arrange...on... 把...摆放/陈列在...上 12 live on long after dinner time 晚饭后长久留存 13 a perfect start to do... 做某事的完美开端 14 make pictures out of raw materials 用原材料作画 15 Seashells come in many varieties. 贝壳种类繁多 16 endless possibilities for... ...的无尽可能 17 select seashells of different shapes and sizes 挑选不同形状大小的贝壳 18 stick...to... using glue 用胶水把...粘到... Page 39-40 Extended reading 1 a masterwork of Chinese art 中国艺术的杰作 2 offer an important insight into... 提供...的深刻见解 3 It is commonly believed that... 人们通常认为 4 survive the test of time 历经时间的考验 5 be currently housed in... 现藏于 6 consist of/be made up of/be composed of 由...组成 7 present a peaceful scene of rural life 展现出平静的乡村生活场景 8 a river winding through the landscape 蜿蜒而过的河流 9 sail in and out of... 来回穿梭 10 people from all walks of life 各行各业的人们 11 government officials 政府官员 12 go about their daily business 忙于各自的日常事务 13 give sb. an idea of what life was like 让人了解到生活是什么样 14 amazing artistic technique 惊人的艺术技巧 15 create realistic images of... 创作...的生动形象 16 display a remarkable mastery of perspective 展现出对透视法的精通 17 the most impressive aspect of... ...中最令人印象深刻的部分 18 precise brushwork 精准细腻的笔法 19 show an enormous amount of detail 展现海量的细节 20 thanks to all this fine detail 多亏了/得益于这些精准的细节 21 provide a comprehensive look at life during... 全面展示了...时期的生活 22 business practices 商业活动 23 at first sight 乍一看 24 on closer inspection 细心观察 25 expose serious political and social problems 揭露严重的政治和社会问题 26 belong to... 属于... 27 lose control of food supplies and transportation 失去对粮食供应和运输的控制 28 ignore one’s duties 玩忽职守 29 less obvious indicators of trouble 不太明显的麻烦迹象 30 be in danger of crashing into the bridge 有撞桥的危险 31 point to a crisis developing in the city 指向在城市中酝酿的危机 32 be in decline 在下降/衰退 33 an important example of realism 现实主义的重要典范 34 be down not only to its great scale 不仅在于其宏大规模 35 be now regarded as precious works of art 现今被视为艺术珍品 36 in one’s own right 凭自身的资格（或努力） 37 make an outstanding contribution to... 为...做出卓越贡献 38 greatly influence generations of future artists 深刻影响后代艺术家 39 be displayed to the public 被公开示人 40 be on exhibition 被展出 41 wait in line for hours for... 为...排队数小时 42 speak volumes about... 充分说明，清楚表明 第三部分 重点句式 1.(P39) Painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll, it offers an important insight into life in China in the 12th century. 【翻译】它绘于一幅五米长的绢布卷轴上，让我们得以深入了解十二世纪中国的生活风貌。 【解析】本句中主语是________, 而painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll是过去分词短语作________；过去分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。在很多情况下可以转化成相应的状语从句或并列分句。过去分词(短语)作状语时，句子的主语与过去分词之间是逻辑上的_______(主动/被动)关系。 【拓展】过去分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。过去分词(短语)作状语一般都用逗号同其他成分隔开。 (1)作________状语时，可转换为when或while等引导的从句，通常放在句首。如: Seen from the top of the mountain (= When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the modern city looks so flourishing. (2)作________状语时，可转换为once, if或unless等引导的从句，一般放在句首。如: Given more attention, (=If the trees had been given more attention,) the trees could have grown better. (3)作________状语时，可转换为because, as或since等引导的从句，多放在句首。如: Inspired (=As he was inspired) by what the tutor said, the student invented a device to help the blind. (4)作________状语时，可转换为though, although或even if引导的从句，常放在句首。如: Refused (=Although she was refused) millions of times, at last Jane managed to stand out among the candidates and got the job. (5)作_______或_______状语时，常可转换为并列分句，可位于句首或句末。如: Followed by their loyal companion—a dog, the old couple walked in the park deliberately after supper. (= The old couple were followed by their loyal companion—a dog, and walked in the park deliberately after supper.) 【练一练】 (1)单句填空 ①Clearly and thoughtfully ___________ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.   ②___________ (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.   ③___________ (see) from the moon, our earth, with water covering seventy percent of its surface, appears as a blue ball.   (2)同义句改写 ①As the boy was encouraged by his mother, he decided not to give up. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, the boy decided not to give up.   ②When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, he said he found it very interesting and rewarding. →　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. ③Though he was defeated once again, he didn’t lose heart. →　　　　　　　　　　　, he didn’t lose heart.   2. (P40) Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll. 【翻译】其价值如此之高,以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。 【解析】(1)当“so/such…that…”结构中的so, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示　　　　时, 主句要进行　　　　(that后面的结果状语从句不倒装)，表示强调so/such和that之间的部分。 (2) so后接形容词或副词,即“so+adj./adv.”; such后接名词,即“such+n.”。如: So unreasonable was his price that everybody was startled and they left the store and bought nothing. (他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌, 随后大家什么也没买就离开了商店。); To such an extent do the parents love their only daughter that they have tried to satisfy every demand of her. (这对父母爱他们唯一的女儿爱到了如此程度,以至于尽量满足她的任何要求。) 【练一练】 (1)单句填空 ①　　　　 a sincere and reliable man did Mr Black seem that we all believed him.   ②　　　　 much information can we attain from the Internet that we needn’t bother to stay in the library all day. (2)完成句子 ①So loudly 　　　　　　　　　　　　that even people in the next room could hear her.   那个粗鲁的女人讲话声音那么大，甚至隔壁房间的人都听得见。 ②Such a high speed 　　　　　　　　 at that we can hardly imagine its speed.   光传播得非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Book4 Unit3 The art of painting Integrated skills~Extended reading 学案 第一部分 重点词汇 一、词形词性转换 1. arrange vt. 整理，布置；安排，筹备 → arrangement n.安排，布置，约定 2. insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 → insightful adj.有深刻见解的 3. wind v. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 → wound pp./wound pt. 4. civilian n. 平民，老百姓，庶民 → civilized adj.文明的 → civilization n.文明 5. precise adj. 细致的，精细的，精确的 → imprecise ant.不精确的 → precisely adv.精确地，恰恰 6. ambitious adj. 有野心的，有抱负的，艰巨的 → ambition n.野心，抱负 7. comprehensive adj. 全面的，综合性的 → comprehend v.理解，包含→ comprehension n.理解，包含 8. structure n. 建筑物，结构，精心组织 → structural adj.结构性的 9. critic n. 批评家，评论家 → criticize/criticise v.批评，批判，评论 → criticism n.批评，指责，评价 → critical adj.批判的，爱挑剔的，决定性的 10. inspection n. 检查，审视，视察 → inspect v.检查，审视 → inspector n.检查员，督察 11. expose v. 揭露；暴露；使接触 → exposed adj.暴露的，无遮蔽的 → exposure n.暴露，揭露 12. political adj. 政治的，政权的 → policy n.政策 → politics n.政治学 → politician n.政治家 13. rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的 → rarely adv.很好地，难得 → rarity n.稀有，珍品 14. historic adj. 历史上著名的，有历史意义的 → history n.历史 → historical adj.基于史实的 二、词汇知识 1. Arrange the vegetables on the toast to create your portrait. arrange v. 整理，布置；安排，筹备 → arrangement n. 安排，布置，约定 arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 arrange with sb about sth 就某事和某人协商 make an arrangement/arrangements for 为...做出安排 【练一练】 ①I have arranged with the neighbors about feeding the cat. 我已和邻居商量妥喂猫的事。 ②In a word, all the arrangements we made go well. 总之，我们做出的安排进展顺利。 2. Painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll, it offers an important insight into life in China in the 12th century. insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 → insightful adj. 有见解的 give sb an insight into sth 使某人了解某事 have an insight into sth 洞悉，了解 a man of great insight 有见识的人 【练一练】 ①He was a man of forceful character, with considerable insight and diplomatic skills. 他是个性格坚强的人，有着非凡的洞察力和交际手腕。 ②The book gives a vivid insight into Mrs Blair’s character. 这本书对布莱尔夫人的性格作了生动的剖析。 3. The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing, featuring crop fields, a river winding through the landscape, and farmers hard at work.. wind (wound, wound) v. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 → winding adj.蜿蜒的，(楼梯等)螺旋状的 a winding path 蜿蜒曲折的道路 wind one’s way to... (路、河流或一行人)蜿蜒曲折 wind sth up 摇上(车窗等); (钟表等)上发条；结束（讲话、会议等） wind up doing sth=end up doing sth 结果/最终/到头来是... wind sth around sth 把...缠绕在...上 wind down 摇下(车窗等)；逐渐减小(工作规模)；使逐步停止/关闭 【练一练】 ①With bandages wound around the arms, the injured went away. 伤员手臂包扎了绷带走了出去。 ②He wound up walking all the way home. 他最后落得步行回家。 ③He wound down the car window and handed me a bag. 他摇下车窗递给我一个包。 4. Zhang’s amazing artstic technique is apparent all across the scroll. apparent adj. (常用表语)显而易见的，明白易懂的；(常用于名词前)外表的；表面上的；显然的 →apparently adv. 似乎，据说；显然 for no apparent reason 不知什么原因 apparent contradiction 明显的矛盾 It is apparent/obvious that... ...是很明显的 【练一练】 ①It was apparent/obvious that he was telling lies. 很明显他在说谎。 ②My parents were concerned about my apparent lack of interest for school. 我看起来对上学不敢兴趣，父母很担心。 ③It was immediately apparent to everyone that he couldn’t sing. 很快大家都明白了他不会唱歌。 5. The most impressive aspect of the painting, however, is probably Zhang’s precise brushwork. precise a. 精致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的 ;严谨的 to be precise/precisely speaking 确切地说 a precise date 确切的日期 precise details/instructions/measurements 确切的细节/明确的指令/精确的尺寸 a precise mind 周密的头脑 【练一练】 ①She can pinpoint his precise location on a map. 她能在地图上指出他的确切位置。 ②He was very precise about everything he is engaged in. 他做每一件事都一丝不苟。 ③The train leaves at 8 am. according to the schedule, or to be precise/precisely speaking 7.58 am. 根据时刻表火车8点开，确切地说是7.58。 6. This well-developed ability, as well as the scroll’s ambitious size, allows Zhang to show an enormous amount of detail. ambitious a. 宏大的，艰巨的；（耗资）巨大的；有野心的 → ambition n. 野心；志向，抱负 be ambitious to do/for sth 渴望做某事 have an ambition to do/of doing/for sth 有做某事的雄心壮志 be filled with ambition 充满上进心 achieve/fulfil/realize an ambition 实现理想 Until all is over ambition never dies. 不到黄河心不死。 【练一练】 ①He’s a very ambitious (ambition) guy and he wants to play at the highest level. ②Let’s develop the motivation to learn English and move forward ambitiously (ambitious). ③His ambition to travel around the world finally came true after 10 years. 十年后，他环游世界的抱负终于实现了。 ④They are ambitious to make a difference to the world. 他们渴望改变世界。 7. Some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. 1) critic n. 批评家，评论家 → criticize v. 批评，评论 → criticism n. 批判；评论（艺术作品等）→ critical adj. 批判的；挑剔的；关键的；紧要的 be criticized for 因...而受到批评 develop critical thinking 培养批判性思维 be critical of sth 对...挑剔的 be of critical importance to=be critical to 对...是至关重要的 【练一练】 ①We were criticized for the delay in dealing the matter. 我们因为没有及时处理这件事而受到批评。 ②Your decision is of critical importance/critical to our future. 你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。 2) inspection n. 检查，查看，审视；视察 → inspect v. 检查;审视 → inspector n. 检察员；督察 a close/thorough inspection 彻底调查 carry out/ conduct/ make an inspection 做调查 undergo a medical inspection 接受健康检查 【练一练】 ① The teacher walked around to inspect their homework. 老师走来走去，检查他们的作业。 ②The visiting president made an inspection of the troops. 来访的总统检阅了部队。 3) expose v. 暴露；揭露：使接触 → exposed adj. 暴露的，无遮蔽的 → exposure n. 暴露；揭露 be/get exposed to 接触；经受；暴露在...中 expose a plot to sb 向某人揭露阴谋 expose sb to sth 让某人接触某物 【练一练】 ①If exposed (expose) to the sunlight directly, the ancient paintings will be seriously damaged. ②Many people in China have limited exposure (expose) to English, making it extra hard to practise it. ③Exposing children to music is definitely not meaningless. 让孩子们接触音乐绝非毫无意义。 ④It is known that being exposed to lead does harm to young children’s brains. 已知接触铅会损害幼童的大脑。 8. In fact , the Nothern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage. decline v. 减少，下降；衰退，衰落；婉拒 n. 衰退；下降 decline (from...) to... (从...)下降/减少到... decline by... 下降/减少了... decline sth/to do sth 婉拒(做)某事 be in decline=be on the decline 在下降 economic/financial decline 经济/金融衰退 【练一练】 ①The officer declined to make (make) any comments on the incident. ②The price of electronic products has declined by 20% since last year. ③[应用文 新闻报道] It is reported that the number of pandas in the wild is in decline/on the decline. 据报道野生大熊猫数量正在减少。 9. The last time it was on exhibition, crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes. 1) exhibition n.展览，展出；展览会 → exhibit v.陈列，展览；n.展览品 on exhibition=on display 在展览 put sth on exhibition 展出某物 put on/organize an art exhibition 举办/组织艺术展 【练一练】 ①Don’t touch the exhibits. 请勿触碰展品。 ②She exhibits no fear in the face of danger. 面对危险她毫无惧色。 2) rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的；珍贵的；（肉）半熟的 → rarely adv. 很少（放句首，句子部分倒装） rare breed 稀有物种 show rare talent in painting 在绘画方面有非凡的才能 【练一练】 Rarely do/did I come across Mr.Eldon. 我很少遇到埃尔登先生。 10. Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including butchers, hairdressers and government officials can be seen is going about their daily business. go about v. 从事；忙于；开始做 go after 追赶；追求；谋求 go against 违反；违背；不利于 go in for 参加；从事；对...感兴趣 go out (灯，火，电) 熄灭，中断 go off 离开；走火；爆炸；突然响起；中断供应 go round/around 四处走动；(疾病，消息等) 流传 go through 穿过；仔细检查；经历；(提案等) 被通过 go without 没有...也行 go all out to do sth/for sth 全力以赴做某事 have a go at sth 尝试 【练一练】 ①It is said that the new school regulation didn’t go through. ②There is a story going round/around the school that he will be promoted. ③While I was cooking supper, the electricity went out. ④She managed to go without others’ help. ⑤I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at last minute. 第二部分 重点短语 Page 36-37 Integrated skills 1 unusual materials in art 不常见的艺术材料 2 be well known for 因...而闻名 3 regard... as rubbish 把...认为是垃圾 4 play an important role in... 在...中扮演重要角色 5 find inspiration for... 为...寻找灵感 6 make an amazing food portrait 制作精美食物肖像 7 make art out of food 用食物创作艺术 8 common food in the kitchen 厨房中的常见食物 9 a variety of vegetables 各种蔬菜 10 slices of garlic 蒜片 11 arrange...on... 把...摆放/陈列在...上 12 live on long after dinner time 晚饭后长久留存 13 a perfect start to do... 做某事的完美开端 14 make pictures out of raw materials 用原材料作画 15 Seashells come in many varieties. 贝壳种类繁多 16 endless possibilities for... ...的无尽可能 17 select seashells of different shapes and sizes 挑选不同形状大小的贝壳 18 stick...to... using glue 用胶水把...粘到... Page 39-40 Extended reading 1 a masterwork of Chinese art 中国艺术的杰作 2 offer an important insight into... 提供...的深刻见解 3 It is commonly believed that... 人们通常认为 4 survive the test of time 历经时间的考验 5 be currently housed in... 现藏于 6 consist of/be made up of/be composed of 由...组成 7 present a peaceful scene of rural life 展现出平静的乡村生活场景 8 a river winding through the landscape 蜿蜒而过的河流 9 sail in and out of... 来回穿梭 10 people from all walks of life 各行各业的人们 11 government officials 政府官员 12 go about their daily business 忙于各自的日常事务 13 give sb. an idea of what life was like 让人了解到生活是什么样 14 amazing artistic technique 惊人的艺术技巧 15 create realistic images of... 创作...的生动形象 16 display a remarkable mastery of perspective 展现出对透视法的精通 17 the most impressive aspect of... ...中最令人印象深刻的部分 18 precise brushwork 精准细腻的笔法 19 show an enormous amount of detail 展现海量的细节 20 thanks to all this fine detail 多亏了/得益于这些精准的细节 21 provide a comprehensive look at life during... 全面展示了...时期的生活 22 business practices 商业活动 23 at first sight 乍一看 24 on closer inspection 细心观察 25 expose serious political and social problems 揭露严重的政治和社会问题 26 belong to... 属于... 27 lose control of food supplies and transportation 失去对粮食供应和运输的控制 28 ignore one’s duties 玩忽职守 29 less obvious indicators of trouble 不太明显的麻烦迹象 30 be in danger of crashing into the bridge 有撞桥的危险 31 point to a crisis developing in the city 指向在城市中酝酿的危机 32 be in decline 在下降/衰退 33 an important example of realism 现实主义的重要典范 34 be down not only to its great scale 不仅在于其宏大规模 35 be now regarded as precious works of art 现今被视为艺术珍品 36 in one’s own right 凭自身的资格（或努力） 37 make an outstanding contribution to... 为...做出卓越贡献 38 greatly influence generations of future artists 深刻影响后代艺术家 39 be displayed to the public 被公开示人 40 be on exhibition 被展出 41 wait in line for hours for... 为...排队数小时 42 speak volumes about... 充分说明，清楚表明 第三部分 重点句式 1.(P39) Painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll, it offers an important insight into life in China in the 12th century. 【翻译】它绘于一幅五米长的绢布卷轴上，让我们得以深入了解十二世纪中国的生活风貌。 【解析】本句中主语是it, 而painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll是过去分词短语作（方式）状语；过去分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。在很多情况下可以转化成相应的状语从句或并列分句。过去分词(短语)作状语时，句子的主语与过去分词之间是逻辑上的被动 (主动/被动)关系。 【拓展】过去分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。过去分词(短语)作状语一般都用逗号同其他成分隔开。 (1)作时间状语时，可转换为when或while等引导的从句，通常放在句首。如: Seen from the top of the mountain (= When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the modern city looks so flourishing. (2)作条件状语时，可转换为once, if或unless等引导的从句，一般放在句首。如: Given more attention, (=If the trees had been given more attention,) the trees could have grown better. (3)作原因状语时，可转换为because, as或since等引导的从句，多放在句首。如: Inspired (=As he was inspired) by what the tutor said, the student invented a device to help the blind. (4)作让步状语状语时，可转换为though, although或even if引导的从句，常放在句首。如: Refused (=Although she was refused) millions of times, at last Jane managed to stand out among the candidates and got the job. (5)作方式或伴随状语时，常可转换为并列分句，可位于句首或句末。如: Followed by their loyal companion—a dog, the old couple walked in the park deliberately after supper. (= The old couple were followed by their loyal companion—a dog, and walked in the park deliberately after supper.) 【练一练】 (1)单句填空 ①Clearly and thoughtfully written (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.   ②Offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.   ③Seen (see) from the moon, our earth, with water covering seventy percent of its surface, appears as a blue ball.   (2)同义句改写 ①As the boy was encouraged by his mother, he decided not to give up. →Encouraged by his mother, the boy decided not to give up.   ②When Philip was asked for his views about his teaching job, he said he found it very interesting and rewarding. →Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. ③Though he was defeated once again, he didn’t lose heart. →Defeated once again, he didn’t lose heart.   2. (P40) Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll. 【翻译】其价值如此之高,以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。 【解析】(1)当“so/such…that…”结构中的so, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调　　　　时, 主句要进行倒装 (that后面的结果状语从句不倒装)，表示强调so/such和that之间的部分。 (2) so后接形容词或副词,即“so+adj./adv.”; such后接名词,即“such+n.”。如: So unreasonable was his price that everybody was startled and they left the store and bought nothing. (他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌, 随后大家什么也没买就离开了商店。); To such an extent do the parents love their only daughter that they have tried to satisfy every demand of her. (这对父母爱他们唯一的女儿爱到了如此程度,以至于尽量满足她的任何要求。) 【练一练】 (1)单句填空 ①Such a sincere and reliable man did Mr Black seem that we all believed him.   ②So much information can we attain from the Internet that we needn’t bother to stay in the library all day. (2)完成句子 ①So loudly did the rude women speak that even people in the next room could hear her.   那个粗鲁的女人讲话声音那么大，甚至隔壁房间的人都听得见。 ②Such a high speed does light travel at that we can hardly imagine its speed.   光传播得非常快，我们几乎无法想象它的速度。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $