Unit 2 Section B Using language-【志鸿优化训练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册 (外研版)

e英语|Unit2 Exploring English 本句中That is why..意为“那就是…的原 因。”；why引导表语从句，强调结果；That指代上 文提到的事实。其他相关句型： (l)That/Itis/was because...那/这是因为… (because引导表语从句，强调原因) (2)The reason why...is/was that..…的原因 是…(why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语； that引导表语从句，表示原因) 【佳句背诵】Moreover,the scenery along the river is amazing,with many well-known sight- seeing spots.That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.[ 用文之推荐信] 此外，沿江景色让人惊叹，有许多著名的观光景 点。这就是为什么我认为沿着长江旅行会是一 个更好的选择。 【即学即练】单句写作/一句多译 ①我总是努力克服困难，那就是我总能在别人 失败的事情上取得成功的原因。 I always try to overcome difficulties; I have always succeeded where others have failed. Section B\ Part 1 语法冲关·语言规则全理清 构词法 一图》尽览 {首字母缩略法 合成名词 合成形容词 合成法 合成动词 构词法 合成副词 合成介词 区生因 动词转化成名词 转化法 名词转化为动词 形容词转化为动词 32 ②小镇充满了节日的气氛，因为一场盛大的庆 祝活动即将举行。 The town was filled with a festive atmos- phere; a grand celebration was about to take place. ③我不能来的原因是我祖父昨天突然生病，现 在住院了。 I am not available my grandfather fell ill suddenly yesterday and now he is in hospital. 《青年报》涵盖了各种各样的主题，以吸引学生， 所以它在学生中很受欢迎。 →④Youth has been enjoying great popularity among students. it covers a wide variety of topics to attract students. →⑤Youth covers a wide variety of topics to attract students. has been enjoying great popularity among students. →⑥ Youth has been enjoying great popularity among students it covers a wide variety of topics to attract students. Ising language Grammar 情境》导入 Li Lei,my classmate,is hard-working.DTo improve his listening skills,every weekend he gets up at six and listens to BBC by using a phone app.2What's more,he is also warm-hearted and always willing to help others.3On his way to school yesterday,he came across a disabled person and handed 100 yuan to him.4He set an example to us students. Sectic 【语法感悟】 (2)合成法 句①中hard-working是“副词十动词-ing形 【先感悟】 式”构成的 分类 方法 句②中weekend是“名词+名词”构成 的 BBC British Broadcasting 名词十名词 Corporation的 ,phone和 app分别是telephone和application的 名词+动词-ing 形式 句③中warm-hearted是“形容词十过去分 词”构成的 ,willing是will加 动词十名词 后缀-ing构成的 句④中disabled的dis是 合 形容词十名词 hand是名词用作 成 名 名词十动词 语法》精讲 词 1.构词法的定义及分类 介词十名词 按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫作构 词法。英语构词法主要有缩写法(Initialism)、合 副词十动词 成法(Compounding)、派生法(Derivation)、转化 法(Conversion)。 动词十副词 2.几种常见的构词法 名词十介词十名词 (1)首字母缩略法 【先感悟】 名词十形容词 缩写 全称 汉语 名词十动词-ing International Monetary 国际货币基金组 形式 IMF Fund 织 名词十过去分词 Graduate Record 美国研究生人学 GRE Examination 考试 合 形容词十动词-ing 成 形式 形 UN United Nations 联合国 容 形容词十过去分词 词 UFO Unidentified Flying Object不明飞行物 副词十过去分词 【姜归纳】 副词+动词-ing 首字母缩略法是用单词 组成一个新词 形式 的英语构词法。 介词十名词/动词 -img形式 过去分词十副词 on B Using language 举例 wheelchair轮椅 guidebook指南，手册 handwriting书法 air conditioning空调 typewriter打字机 workshop研讨会，车间 gentleman绅士 daybreak黎明 nightfall黄昏 overweight超重 by-product副产品 income收入 outcome结果 cleanup打扫 checkup检查 editor-in-chief总编辑 lifelong终身的，毕生的 snow-white雪白的 English-speaking讲英 语的 heartbreaking令人心碎的 man-made人造的 heartbroken悲伤的 good-looking相貌好看的 easy-going性格随和的 strong-minded意志坚强的 electric-powered电动的 newly-made新建的 well-known著名的 hard-working勤劳的 underlying含蓄的，潜 在的 built--in内置的，固有的 33 e英语|Unit2 Exploring English 续表 分类 方法 举例 形容词十动词 ill-treat虐待 合成 动词 overcome战胜 副/介词+动词 underestimate低估 形容词十名词 hotfoot匆忙地 合 副词十副词 however无论如何 成 副 介词十副词 forever永远 词 beforehand预先 介词十名词 downstairs在楼下 herself她自己 代词宾格+self 合成 himself他自己 代词 myself我自己 物主代词+self yourself你自己 【善归纳】 合成法是把 或 的单词连 在一起合成一个新词，有些带连字符，有些不带。 用合成法构成的单词叫作合成词。 (3)派生法 【先感悟】 ①前缀 分类 举例 总结 agree同意→disagree不同意 表示否定意义的 fair公平的→unfair不公 前缀常用的有 平的 dis-,il-,im-, 表示否 possible可能的→impossi- in-,ir-,mis-, ble不可能的 定意义 non-,un-等，在 understand理解→misun- 的前缀 单词的前面加这 derstand误解 类前缀常构成与 correct正确的→incorrect 该词意义相反的 不正确的 legal合法的→illegal非法的 新词 34 续表 分类 举例 总结 see看见→foresee预见 national国家的→interna-表示其他意义的 tional国际的 前缀常用的有 film影片→microfilm微型mini-(微型的)， 胶片 anti(反对；抵 其他意night夜晚→midnight午夜 抗)，auto(自 义的前bus公交车→minibus微型动)，co(共 缀 汽车 同)，inter-(互 write写→rewrite重写 相)，re(再； market市场→supermarket又)，sub-（下面 超级商场 的；次；小)，tele scope视界→telescope望 (强调距离)等 远镜 改变词性的前缀 有en-,de,be, ar,out-等。en large大的→enlarge扩大 通常加在形容词 courage勇气→encourage或名词前构成动 鼓励 词；de通常加在 value价值→devalue降名词之前构成动 改变词低…的价值 词；be可加在名 性的前little小的→belittle轻视 词或形容词前构 缀 board甲板→aboard在成动词；a-常加 船上 在名词或描述性 side旁边→aside在旁边 动词之前，构成 door门→outdoor户外的 形容词或副词； break打破→outbreak爆发 out可加在名词 之前构成形容 词，加在动词之 前构成名词 ②后缀 分类 举例 总结 depend依靠→dependence构成名词的后缀常 依靠 用的有-ence,-ese China中国→Chinese中（表示某地人或语 国人，汉语 言)，-er/-or/-ist 构成名clean清扫→cleaner清洁工（表示人），-ess(雌 词的后 visit拜访→visitor来访者性)，ian(精 缀 art艺术→artist艺术家通…的人)，-ist agree同意→agreement(专业人员)， 同意 -ment,-ness（性 lind善良的→indness善良质；状态)，tion(动 invent发明-invention发明作；过程)等 续表 分类 举例 总结 nature自然→natural自 然的 构成形容词的后缀 reason道理→reasonable 常用的有-al,-able 有道理的 (有能力的)，-(a)n America美国→American (某国的)，-en(多 构成形美国的 用于表示材料的名 容词的gold金子→golden金的 词后)，-ern(方向 后缀 east东→eastern东方的 的)，-ese(某国人 China中国→Chinese中 的)，like（像… 国人的 的)，-ly,-ous,some, child孩子→childish孩 y(表示天气)等 子气的 snow雪snowy下雪的 构成副词的后缀常 angry生气的→angrily 生气地 用的有-1y（主要用 构成副 于形容词之后表示 to到→towards朝… 词的后 方式或程度)， 向… 缀 ward(s)(主要用 east东方→eastward向 于表示方位的词之 东 后表示方向) 构成动词的后缀常 构成动wide宽的→widen加宽 用的有-(e)n(多用 词的后beauty美人→beautify 缀 于形容词之后)， 美化 -fy(使…化) 构成数 six六→sixteen十六→ 构成数词的后缀 词的后 sixteenth第十六 有-teen(十几)， four四→forty四十→-ty(几十)，th(序 缀 fortieth第四十 数词) 【善归纳】 在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来生成一个 新词的构词法，称作派生法。加在词根 的词缀叫作前缀，加在词根 的为后缀。 (4)转化法 【先感悟】 用法 举例 I think we'd better finish the talk now. 动词转化为 我想我们最好现在结束谈话。 名词 He is a man of strong build. 他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 Section B Using language 续表 用法 举例 Have you booked the ticket? 你订好票了吗？ 名词转化为 动词 She nursed her husband back to health. 她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 形容词 We will try our best to better our living conditions. 转化为动词 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。 【善归纳】 把一种词性用作另一种词性而 不变的方 法叫作转化法。 回眸》一练 I.单句填空 1.Farther in the distance,I could not enjoy the view of (snow)mountains. 2.However from2012to2016,poaching(偷猎) and (legal)trade in the elephants increased rapidly. 3.The purpose of the new law is to (strength)the environmental protection. 4.The Russian cuisine is famous for its variety and (rich). 5.Native people had taken care of these precious (nature)resources wisely. 6.His (perform)on the court caused excitement and got much attention. 7.In other words,resolving an (argue)cuts your negative feelings by half. 8.He found that the animals around were very beautiful,and he particular) enjoyed observing the birds he saw. 9.Her love for music is (root)in her childhood experiences. l0.(2024·北京卷)Taking the time to rest allows us to develop a deeper sense of (self-aware). 11.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)That encourage)helped me to get through the language barrier. 35· >英语|Unit2 Exploring English Ⅱ.语篇填空 (discuss).A group of scholars signed a letter of 根据构词法完成下列短文 complaint over the inclusion of these English words, When we read newspapers,we often come which,they think,goes against Chinese language across such English words as“AIDS”and“PK”. policies.They not only worry that Chinese is When we watch TV,we 1. (frequent) borrowing an 6. (increase)number hear words like“NBA”or“PM2.s”.When we of English words but are also 7. speak,we automatically use words like "Bye-bye". (concern)that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of English words and 2. (express)like the Chinese language.However,others 8. these are enjoying 3. (popular).They (disapprove)of the inclusion because it is hard to have already become part of our 4. say whether it will 9. (threat)the (day)language.And 239 English words have been Chinese language.They believe the 10. included in the latest Modern Chinese Dictionary. (select)is mostly a result of their function and use The inclusion has started a heated 5. in daily life. Part 2 Language points 式基础落实·必备知识全过关 晓重点单词 【写作词汇】 【教材设题】 1.contact v.联系；联络 1.Match the words in bold to the t 2.likely adj.可能的；可能发生的 of word formation, 3.subway n.地铁 2....a friend that you c by 4.apartment n.一套住房；公寓套房 writing,traditionally using a pen... 5.highway n.公路 3.For example,Americans talk about putting 6.motorway n.高速公路 in their cars and driving along 7.gasn.汽油 the highway,whereas in the UK,people put 8.petrol n.汽油 p in their cars... 9.flat n.一套住房；公寓套房 4.Americans take the e to the top l0.elevator n.电梯，升降梯 floor of a building,but the British use the 11.context n.上下文，语境 lift. 5.In the US,they take the s but in 【拓展词汇】 the UK,people travel on the underground. L.typen.类型；种类→typical adj.典型的，具有代表性的；独 6.Americans live in a(n) (公寓 特的 套房)，while the British live in a flat.. 2.familiar adj.熟悉的；常见到的→unfamiliar adj.不熟悉 7....usually people from the two countries 的；不了解的 can understand each other 3.organize ut.组织→organized adj.有组织的→organization (从上下文) n.组织 8.Each year,many a are made to 4.add vt.加；增加→addition n.增加；增加物→additional English dictionaries. adj.附加的；额外的；外加的 36 Section B Using language 晓重点短语 L.相反the other way round 【教材设题】 2.在…加上add..to 1.When you open a dictionary,you often (偶然遇到)a 3.阻止…做stop..doing lot of unfamiliar words. 4.被用作be used as 2.Some nouns and adjectives can (被用作 5.使安静下来calm down 动词)，or (相反). 6.be made up of由…构成/ 3.And sometimes a word 组成 (由首字母构成)of several words:“World Trade Organization”can 7.be referred to as被称为 (被称为)WTO,and ASAP 8.be short for是…的缩写 (是…的缩写)“as soon as possible'”. 9.come across偶然遇到/发现 4.Choose one type and (想出)as many words as 10.come up with提出，想出 possible. 晓重点句式 过去分词（短 【教材设题】 语)作定语 Some of the language (网络上使用的)is different to the language (其他交流形式中使用的). 式重难探究·能力素养全提升 修基础词汇·语境记忆 高频词汇·讲练互动 1.organization n.组织，团体，机构(institution/ l.contact v.联系，联络n.联系，联络(connect/ association) reach) 【佳句背诵】We were informed about our get/make contact with与…取得联系 semester project of volunteering at a non-profit have contact with与…有联系 organization..[应用文之志愿活动] stay/keep in contact(with)(与…)保持联系 我们得知，我们的学期项目是在一个非营利组 in contact with与…有联系 织做志愿者。 out of contact with与…失去联系 2.likely adj.可能的，可能发生的(possible/probable) lose contact with与，失去联系 【佳句背诵】My heart leaped with joy as I 【佳句背诵】(2022·新高考I卷)Disappointed knew we were likely to be saved.[读后续写之 and frustrated,David hung his head,trying to 情绪描写] avoid eye contact with me.[读后续写之情绪 当我知道我们很可能得救时，我的心高兴得跳 描写] 了起来。 大卫又失望又沮丧，低下头，尽量避免和我有眼 3.addition n.增加物；增添物 神接触。 【佳句背诵】In addition,during the festival, 【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译 people make and eat zongzi..[应用文之传统 DBy March 26,they had been of 文化] contact for several days 此外，在节日期间，人们会包粽子、吃粽子。 2 With the help of WeChat,I have kept contact with my mother by 37· e英语|Unit2 Exploring English telephone for many years. 3Many volunteer organizations will do their best to lend a helping hand in case your child should walk away and lose contact you. 请及时给出您的反馈，并在方便时与我们联系 →④Please give your feedback in time and when it is convenient for you.(contact v. →⑤Please give your feedback in time and when it is convenient for you.(contact n. 2.be made up of由…构成，由…组成(be composed of/be comprised of/consist of) make up编造（说法、解释等）；组成；弥补；化妆；和 好；整理 make up for弥补；补偿 :be made up of由…组成 make out辨认出，弄清；理解 make sense有意义；讲得通 make no sense无意义；讲不通 make a difference有影响，起（重要）作用 【佳句背诵】Life is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times..[五育并举之德育] 生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。 【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译 DIt eventually dawned on me that kindness and love do make difference. 2It was so foggy that the driver could hardly make the unfamiliar way ahead. 3She determined to work twice as hard as before to make up the lost time, 昨天在艺术中心举行了国画作品展，这次展览 包括几十幅我校同学的杰作。 →④A traditional Chinese painting exhibition dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center.(consist) 38 →⑤A traditional Chinese painting exhibition dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center.(make) →⑥A traditional Chinese painting exhibition dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center.(compose) 晓重点句式·多维剖析 过去分词（短语）作定语 【教材原句】Some of the language used on the Internet is different to the language used in the other forms of communication. 互联网上使用的一些语言与其他交流形式中使 用的语言不同。 句中的used on the Internet和used in the other forms of communication都是过去分词短语，分别 作后置定语，修饰前面的the language。过去分词 (短语)作定语，与所修饰词语之间通常存在被动 关系；少数过去分词也可表示完成，不表被动。 过去分词（短语）作定语的几个特征： :(1)前置与后置的特征：单个的过去分词作定语一 般要放在所修饰的名词之前，过去分词短语作定 语则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 (2)展示出的时态特征：及物动词的过去分词具有 被动或完成的含义。 (3)扩展成句的特征：过去分词作定语时，可通过 添加引导词和系动词be的适当形式，扩展为一个 定语从句。 【佳句背诵】Youth founded 10 years ago has been enjoying great popularity among students. [应用文之事物介绍] 《青年报》创刊于10年前，一直以来深受学生 欢迎。 【即学即练】单句写作/一句多译/句式升级 ①我知道你对乒乓球很感兴趣，乒乓球被认为 是中国的国球。 I know you are very interested in table tennis Section C Dev ②消防队员努力营救被困在大楼里的人。 >The firefighters worked hard to rescue the people the building.(定语从句) ->The firefighters worked hard to rescue the people the Section C\Developing ideas Part 1 Reading 第一步速读课文理清脉络 Task 1 What's the main idea of the text? A.An introduction of an English-learning forum. B.Four letters about how to learn English well. C.The differences between what we learn in class and in life. D.Some interesting expressions we will meet when we learn English. Task 2 Read the text quickly and fill in the blanks A question and its responses Last week,our forum asked if you had any ↓ funny or strange stories about using English. We didn't expect to get so many 1. Yancy Her English teacher Maggie didn't come to teach them because she had a frog in her 2. Why did she try to eat such a big frog? Sophie While going shopping in New York,she found“the first floor”in American English was actually“the ground floor”.She was Julien He didn't understand why his English penfriend used4.“ ”to describe his grandfather,a nice man. Zheng Xu When he got his English paper back,he found his teacher had written the “Not bad'He was a bit disappointed. 第二步精读课文领悟细节 Task 3 Read the text carefully and finish the exercises below Activity 1 Read Para.1 carefully and choose the eloping ideas Presenting ideas Reflection building.(过去分词作定语) 3The project,which was designed to help the students in need,didn't work out as planned. →The project didn't work out as planned.(用过去分词短语作定语) Presenting ideas Reflection comprehension best answer. 1.What does the sentence "We didn't expect to get so many posts!"in paragraph 1 mean? A.People are not interested in the topic. B.People are too shy to give their opinions. C.We don't think it is interesting. D.People responded enthusiastically to the topic,which is out of our expectation. Activity 2 Read Para.2 carefully and answer the question. 2.Why couldn't English teacher Maggie teach that day? A.Because she ate a big frog. B.Because she was afraid that she had a frog in her stomach. C.Because she had a sore throat and couldn't speak. D.Because she was very tired after eating a frog in her throat. Activity 3 Read Para.3 carefully and answer the question. 3.Why didn't Sophie find the shoes on the first floor? A.Because she misunderstood the lady's words. B.Because there were no shoes sold there. C.Because the shoes were all placed on the ground. D.Because she didn't go up to the upper floor. 395.meanings 6.interesting 7.burns 8.filling 9.was invented 10.creativity Part 2 Language points ○基础落实·必备知识全过关 重点单词 【教材设题】1.eggplant2.seasick;airsick; carsick;get homesick 3.opposing 4.behaviors 5.confusing 6.capitalized 7.reflects 8.the title of the passage 【巧用举一反三】1.failure2.Exposure 3.mixture 重点短语 【教材设题】1.have trouble learning English 2.For example 3.burn up;burns down;fill in a form 4.speaking of 重点句式 【教材设题】1.Neither is there pine nor apple 2.That is why ○重难探究·能力素养全提升 高频词汇·讲练互动 l.①behavior(s)②behave③to/towards ④behave properly 2.①Confusing;confused②with/and ③confusion ④in ⑤Confused about word formation 3.①down/up②out③up④With all the houses burnt to the ground ⑤burn yourself out 4.①to find②at/by③in④To raise/ sound the fire alarm 5.①is reflected②on/upon③reflection 6.①down②up③coming④winding 5Winding its way through the southwest of Beijing 多义词汇·自主练透 I.①B②A③C Ⅱ.1.题目，标题（书刊的）一种，一本 35 称号，头衔，职称冠军加标题，定题目 2.警报器惊恐；惊慌；恐慌警报使惊恐； 使害怕 重点句式·多维剖析 1.Dneither too hot nor too cold ②neither set a goal nor reach it③was satisfied with the result ONeither should we embrace;nor can we deny 2.①that is why②that is because ③The reason why;that④That's because ⑤That'swhy⑥The reason why;is that Section B Using language Part 1 Grammar ○语法冲关·语言规则全理清 情境导入 合成形容词合成名词首字母缩略词 截取词合成形容词派生词前缀动词 语法精讲 2.(1)首字母（2)两个两个以上 (3)之前之后(4)词形 回眸一练 I.1.snowy 2.illegal 3.strengthen 4.richness 5.natural 6.performance 7.argument 8.particularly 9.rooted 10.self-awareness 11.encouragement II.1.frequently 2.expressions 3.popularity 4.daily 5.discussion 6.increasing 7.concerned 8.approve 9.threaten 10.selection Part 2 Language points ◎基础落实·必备知识全过关 重点单词 【教材设题】l.types2.contact3.gas; petrol 4.elevator 5.subway 6.apartment 7.from the context 8.additions 重点短语 【教材设题】1.come across2.be used as verbs;the other way round 3.is made up of the first letters;be referred to as;is short for 4.come up with 重点句式 【教材设题】used on the Internet;:used in other forms of communication ⊙重难探究·能力素养全提升 高频词汇·讲练互动 l.①out②in③with④contact us 5get/make contact with us 2.①a②out③for( ④consisting of ⑤made up of⑥composed of 重点句式·多维剖析 Dregarded as the national ball sport of China 2who were trapped in;trapped in 3designed to help the students in need Section C Developing ideas Presenting ideas Reflection Part 1 Reading comprehension 第一步速读课文理清脉络 Task 1 C Task 2 1.posts 2.throat 3.confused 4.wicked 5.comment 第二步精读课文领悟细节 Task 3 Activity 1 1.D Activity 2 2.C Activity 3 3.A 3 Activity 4 4.B 5.He is a nice man. Activity 5 6.C7.B Task 4 略 第三步 深读课文融会提能 Task 5 1.stories 2.different 3.with 4.had 5.was told 6.the 7.confusing 8.who 9.higher 10.preparing Part 2 Language points ◎基础落实·必备知识全过关 重点单词 【教材设题】1.forums2.downtown;boots 3.at the entrance;section 4.exit;actually; downstairs 5.wicked 6.odd;negative 7.errors 8.remind;rather 【巧用￥一反三】1.incapable2.informal 3.inaccurate 重点短语 【教材设题】l.cause misunderstandings 2.had a frog in her throat 3.spent days preparing 4.was looking forward to getting 5.take place 重点句式 【教材设题】Not only can you post specific questions,but you can also ○重难探究·能力素养全提升 高频词汇·讲练互动 1.①of②to close③reminded Oreminds me of her parents 2.①commented②on/about③on/upon ④commented on/,upon ⑤made comments on/about