精品解析：重庆市育才中学、西南大学附属中学校2025-2026学年高三上学期入学联合诊断性考试英语试题

高2026届高三(上)入学联合诊断性考试 英语试题 (满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟) 命题学校：西南大学附属中学 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写；必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷自行保管，以备评讲)。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do the signals show today? A. “Stop” in both ways. B. “Go” in both ways. C. “Stop” in one way. 2.Where didn’t the woman go yesterday evening? A. To the hotel. B. To the airport. C. To the office. 3.What does the man probably want the woman to do? A. Get him a new chicken sandwich. B. Bring him a different sandwich. C. Give him his money back. 4.What does the woman see? A. A bird. B. A picture. C. A tail. 5.Who is the man probably talking to? A. A reporter. B. A shop assistant. C. A travel agent. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday 7. What is the woman likely to do in Toronto? A Deal with her work. B. Relax herself. C. Meet her friends. 听第7段材料，回答8至10题。 8.Why did the woman fail to sleep well last night?. A. She stayed up late working. B. She was under a lot of pressure. C. She drank strong tea before bedtime. 9.What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Do some exercise. B. Take sleeping pills. C. Have an early supper. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers. 听第8段材料，回答11至13题。 11. Who made the cookies? A. The woman’s mother. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman’s sister. 12. When did the woman get her 3D printer? A. On her birthday. B. At Halloween. C. At Christmas. 13. What was the first thing the woman printed? A A pencil holder. B. A plant container. C. A house decoration. 听第9段材料，回答14至17题。 14. What does the man recommend? A. A guided boat tour. B. A ride on the London Eye. C. A tour of the Tower of London. 15. How will the woman travel to London? A. By train. B. By ship. C. By plane. 16. What will the woman probably do after her Thames trip? A. Have a meal at Borough Market. B. Watch the changing of the guard. C. Visit the Southbank Skatepark. 17. What does the man think of the National Portrait Gallery? A. Its works are difficult to understand. B. It has great historical value. C. It’s a bit too traditional. 听第10段材料，回答18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s job? A. An artist. B. A news announcer. C. An art gallery director. 19. What does the speaker most likely think about the whole story? A. It was strange. B. It was meaningful. C. It was understandable. 20. What will directly follow the commercial? A. Politics. B. Weather. C. Traffic. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A British Science Week is entering its third decade in 2025, taking place on 7 — 16 March, and the theme to mark the start of this new era is “Change and adapt”! Change and adaptation are all around us Changing and adapting play a big part in science. You can find examples in every area of STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths). Cities, towns and other areas where people live change and adapt. Plants and animals change and adapt to their surroundings to survive. Our behaviors change too — we need to change how we consume the world’s resources to make up for the worst effects of the climate crisis, and adapt our lifestyles to reduce our impact through recycling or reducing waste. But change and adaptation don’t just happen here on Earth, and even the stars and other heavenly bodies change as they gain and lose mass. Perhaps there is life on other planets that adapts as the environment changes. When exploring this theme, we can also consider how attitudes to STEM and the people who do it have changed and adapted. Concepts of scientists are changing and we need to keep adapting our thinking until we can no longer picture a stereotypical scientist — anyone can be a scientist. Get involved “Change and adapt” offers a huge variety of topics to explore as part of your British Science Week 2025 activities. Why not contribute your thoughts to our discussion using the hashtag (话题标签) #BSW25? We'll be opening the British Science Week activity packs call for contents in the coming weeks, so keep your eyes on our website and social media for further details. Applications for Kick Start Grants (拨款), funding for schools to run events during British Science Week in 2025, will open in September 2024. 1. Which of the following fits the theme of British Science Week 2025? A. Exploring how urban areas develop over time. B. Reviewing the history of ancient civilizations. C. Memorizing fixed properties of chemical elements. D. Tracing the daily routine of a stereotypical scientist. 2. What is the purpose of suggesting using the hashtag #BSW25? A. To apply for Kick Start Grants. B. To share a wide range of relevant ideas. C. To follow updates on the activity packs. D. To restrict participation to those who use social media. 3. What is the text? A. A diary entry. B. An event announcement. C. A news report. D. A scientific research paper. B This year, my two oldest sons asked me to sign them up for piano lessons. For certain reasons, I considered it a good time for me to take up the piano again, after 30 years. As a child, I learned the piano and the cello, playing in two orchestras and singing in the school choir. No one forced me to do that, but it wasn’t a free choice either. When you are the approval-addicted daughter of an over-invested mother, no one needs to apply force. My mom and I were well-matched partners of unspoken expectation and approval-seeking. I did her forcing for her. For my mother, my musical industriousness wasn’t so much about achievement as identity. She was American by birth, and after marrying my university professor father and moving to London, she spent a decade working to be accepted into the impatient, worrisome world of British intellectual society. Music made me into the person my mother needed me to be, so that she could get the role she needed. In this environment, a diligent daughter lugging a giant cello was a ticket to belonging. And for my part, although I seldom believed that my mother’s love was conditional, I did suspect that there was a bonus in there. Somehow, the piano lessons turn me into both my childhood self, seeking my mother’s approval, and my mother herself, putting the same high expectations on my own children. My mother was lucky since I was naturally suited to the role she assigned me. My sons are not. They are restless, not into lengthy sessions of sitting still. Unconditional love may be at the heart of parenthood, but sometimes it can feel impossible to accommodate unconditional love to the worldly practices of day-to-day parenting. The whole job seems set up for conditionality: It would be dishonest to pretend we’re indifferent to our children’s echoing our values. I'm disappointed when my sons won’t play their role in the script I have written for them, but deep down, I’m also a little thrilled. A secret part of me is delighted by their raging demands for full personhood. 4. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A. The author learned musical instruments out of pure love. B. The author forced her mum to enroll her in piano lessons. C. The author’s mum threw her into music for her own sake. D. The author offered to learn musical instruments for her mom’s approval. 5. What does the author’s mother regard the author’s musical industriousness as? A. A result of her selfless cultivation. B. A proof of her ability to be a qualified mother. C. A way to fit into the British intellectual society. D. A symbol more of family achievement than of social identity. 6. Which of the following is TRUE from the author’s perspective? A. She thinks her sons could play as well as she did. B. She has a mixed feeling towards her sons’ unwillingness. C. She doesn’t care about whether her sons play instruments well. D. She feels sorrowful because her sons’ instruments-playing skills are bad. 7. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Can Musical Talents Really be Inherited? B. Can We Really Force Our Children to Love Music? C. Can We Really Love Our Children Unconditionally? D. Can Playing Instruments Help Us Fit into Intellectual Society? C From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — can avoid the stop-and-go traffic. On a driveway with 15 vehicles per mile, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a persistent traffic jam. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. Previous research had shown that ants can maintain their flow even at high densities. So what’s their secret? In a recent study published in Transportation Research, researchers recorded ants on trails and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour hardly tend to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals. That is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says study co-author Nicola Pugno. In his vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would avoid traffic jams by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. Like ants on a trail which use scent to control behavior while interacting with one another, the autonomous vehicle network would help cars keep constant speeds while collecting and sharing information. “There is no leader,” but this organization emerges anyway, says Noa Pinter-Wollman. And in both ant and vehicle traffic, this type of distributed system can be very strong and changeable. Still, ants can do a lot of things that cars can’t, the researcher points out. Ants can make trails as wide as they like, unlike drivers stuck on highways. Plus, unlike cars, ants don’t crash; they can literally walk over one another. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: by leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise give rise to a traffic jam with no obvious cause. 8. Which does not contribute to ants' stable traffic at high densities? A. Steady speed. B. Sufficient space. C. Patient queuing. D. Constant movement. 9. Which of the following is in line with Nicola Pugno’s opinion? A. Human drivers usually break the traffic rules at rush hour. B. Prioritizing interests can definitely lead to inefficient traffic flow. C. Human drivers will drive more slowly than autonomous vehicles. D. Autonomous vehicles may be programmed to improve traffic situation. 10. What can we learn about autonomous vehicle network? A It can keep vehicle speed under control. B. It can form a solid and flexible traffic system. C. It can provide drivers with changeable routes. D. It can use scent to communicate with vehicles. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. What ants will do when they face traffic jams. B. What we can benefit from autonomous vehicles. C. How ants may save you from future traffic jams. D. Why we should keep good distances while driving. D “Adults and even babies can easily make reliable inferences about what drives other people’s actions,” said Dr. Moira Dillon, a researcher at New York University. “Current AI finds these inferences challenging to make.” The novel idea of putting babies and AI head-to-head on the same tasks is allowing researchers to better describe babies’ natural knowledge about other people and suggest ways of integrating that knowledge into AI. “If AI aims to build flexible, commonsense thinkers like human adults, then machines should draw upon the same core abilities babies possess in detecting goals and preferences,” Dr. Dillon said. To develop a foundational understanding of the differences between humans’ and AI’s abilities; Dr. Dillon’s team conducted a series of experiments with 11-month-old babies and compared their responses to those produced by state-of-the-art learning-driven AI models. Specifically, babies on Zoom watched a series of videos of simple animated shapes moving around the screen-similar to a video game. The shapes’ actions simulated human behavior and decision-making through the retrieval (检索) of objects on the screen and other movements. Similarly, the scientists built and trained learning-driven AI models and tested the models’ responses to the exact same videos. Their results showed that babies recognized human-like motivations even in the simplified actions of animated shapes. Babies predicted that these actions were driven by hidden but consistent goals — for example, the on-screen retrieval of the same object no matter what location it was in and the movement of that shape efficiently even when the surrounding environment changed. Babies demonstrated such predictions by looking longer at events that went against their predictions — a common and decades-old measurement for evaluating the nature of babies’ knowledge. The AI models showed no such evidence of understanding the motivations underlying such actions, revealing that they are missing key foundational principles of commonsense psychology that babies possess. “A human baby’s foundational knowledge is limited, abstract, and reflects our evolutionary inheritance (进化遗传), yet it can accommodate any context or culture in which that baby might live and learn,” Dr. Dillon said. 12. What do the researchers expect of this study? A. It will contribute to building smarter AI. B. It will discover more about baby language. C. It will improve computer science education. D It will reveal human behavior’s underlying motivations. 13. How did the researchers compare babies and AI in their study? A. By judging their video gaming skills. B. By measuring their ability to recognize patterns. C. By assessing their responses to the same stimuli. D. By testing their understanding of real human actions. 14. What did the babies do when they saw unexpected shape actions? A. They just ignored them. B. They reacted to them later. C. They spent more time observing them. D. They compared them with earlier predictions. 15. What does the last paragraph imply about human intelligence? A. It varies culturally. B. It is highly adaptable. C. It is determined at birth. D. It is at peak in early adulthood. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine walking through someone’s house. The rooms are barren. There are no knickknacks (小摆设) lying around-just the essentials. You open the closet to find you can count the number of clothing items inside on one hand. The space seems more like a jail cell than a home.____16____ It turns out that the house's owner is not poor. Instead, he is an extreme minimalist who chooses to limit his number of belongings.____17____Minimalists follow this philosophy to varying degrees, but they generally claim that cutting down on excess stuff leads to a more fulfilling life. With fewer possessions, they don’t have to spend much time cleaning, thinking about what they are missing, or trying to keep up with the latest trends.____18____They can then dive into hobbies that ignite their passion like exercising, traveling, and being with loved ones. Extreme minimalism isn’t for everyone, but a mild form of it has grown in popularity recently, thanks to Marie Kondo's best-selling book The Life-changing Magic of Tidying Up. Her philosophy of keeping only items that “spark joy” has resonated with millions, encouraging people to declutter their homes and minds. This shift toward intentional living reflects a broader desire to simplify daily life, moving away from excess and toward greater focus on what truly matters.____19____ They discover that fewer possessions often mean less stress and more clarity. Kondo stresses that minimalism is not merely about throwing things away or holding onto what you want to keep.____20____Even if you are not ready to become a minimalist, you may want to consider reducing the number of things you own, for it seems that letting go of things can truly make room for happiness. A. Instead, it’s about striking a balance between personal joy and possessions. B. This frees up their time for things that they find meaningful. C. No warmth, no life traces-just a cold, empty structure, not a home. D. So you wonder whether the resident is too poor to buy more things to fill the house. E. Even those who don’t embrace full minimalism find value in scaling down. F. Such a balance helps people avoid the trap of mindless consumption. G. Minimalism goes against consumerism by dramatically scaling down possessions. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I knew exercise is good for health — who doesn’t? But ____21____ were easier. Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle. Each offered me a reason to ____22____ it, so I did. When I worked in Kenya, I came to realize that people there don’t “____23____” the way I had thought. Instead, they move — with a clear ____24____ in mind. They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops. There is no such thing as a ____25____, but they are working out 24/7. Maybe I could take ____26____ from these people and add meaning to my exercising. So, I launched my ____27____ program: “chicken-cising,” with 15 baby chicks and a book on ____28____ backyard chickens. It turned out that caring for the flightless birds was quite ____29____ — a full-body workout involving bending, squatting (深蹲), weightlifting and running around. One weekend, my e-watch ____30____ as many as 145 squats and 10,506 steps! I ended up in better shape than expected and found extra ____31____that no gym workout can provide. First, quitting is not a(n) ____32____: You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a while, and then simply decide not to ____33____, especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive. Second, you have unbeatable workout partners, who ____34____respond to your appearance with encouragement. Bah-Baaaahk! What’s more? Fresh-from-the-hen eggs! Turning every breakfast into a celebration of my new lifestyle with the best eggs, “chicken-cising” taught me that movement doesn’t need a gym — it needs ____35____. 21. A. actions B. examples C. excuses D. answers 22. A. avoid B. manage C. approach D. tolerate 23. A. change B. exercise C. travel D. live 24. A. request B. message C. order D. purpose 25. A. role B. problem C. gym D. village 26. A. inspiration B. time C. comfort D. pleasure 27. A. escape B. fitness C. charity D. diet 28. A. cooking B. protecting C. drawing D. raising 29. A. amusing B. confusing C. demanding D. touching 30. A. meant B. read C. rang D. took 31. A. bonuses B. pressure C. instructions D. responsibility 32. A. error B. pain C. must D. option 33. A. step aside B. turn up C. show off D. give in 34. A. angrily B. patiently C. cheerfully D. carefully 35. A. meaning B. talent C. attention D. courage 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, ____36____ summer heat and humidity reached their peak intensity. Ancient Chinese believed poisonous vapours and evil spirits were most active then, so every possible means was applied ____37____ (protect) families and ward off misfortune. Among the various customs, using mugwort (艾叶) was by far the most widespread and culturally significant practice. Before sunrise, parents cut the tallest mugwort from, riverbanks. After ____38____ (tie) them tightly with red threads, they hung the bundles above doors. The bitter smell was thought to drive insects and ghosts away, cutting off primary carriers of diseases. Indoors, ____39____(dry) mugwort was burned in clay pots; when lit, the thick smoke filled corners, effectively cleaning the air. People boiled mugwort too, ____40____ the cooled herbal water used for evening baths to prevent common skin problems. Children avoiding the baths wore neck bags filled with mugwort powder. Besides these practical steps, ____41____ (symbol) ritual acts existed: drinking realgar wine (雄黄酒), painting bright “王” characters on children’s foreheads, ____42____ saying ancient spells. All these formed a spiritual shield against diseases. Today, modern science ____43____ (explain) the plant’s proven value, but the door-hanging tradition continues universally which stands as ____44____ enduring fragrant reminder of humanity’s endless struggle for harmony with nature. Recalling these customs is ____45____ (true) essential to understand our ancestors’ wisdom. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，进入高三后，为了激发学习动力、共筑青春梦想，你们班将举办一节主题为“以梦为马，不负韶华”的班会课。请你准备一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.你梦想的具体内容； 2.为了实现这个梦想，你打算做些什么。 注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, my fellow students.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many thanks for your attention! 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My brother and I left our hometown in the Midwest years ago, each pursuing careers and building lives an hour’s drive from our parents’ house. While we treasured weekly calls and weekend visits, the distance seemed like a silent worry — especially as our dad’s health declined with cancer and our mom managed her heart disease alone. Little did we know that fate had placed guardian angels (天使) next door. My parents have lived in the Midwest for over 30 years. For years, it was just them, us kids coming and going, and the quiet rhythm (节奏) of small-town life. But when the Smiths moved in next door five years ago, that rhythm gained a new, beautiful beat. Tom Smith, a construction worker with a heart as big as his toolbelt, and his wife Ellen, a retired nurse, would come with their kids — Lily, then 15, and Jake, 20 — and a dog named Bear. At first, the interactions were simple: waves across the fence, shared stories over morning coffee. and Lily asking to pet the dog. But as my dad’s health declined and my mom’s disease demanded more attention, those small exchanges grew into something strong. Tom took to checking on my dad daily, often chatting with him. “Your dad is a storyteller,” he’d say. “Best part of my day — listening to his tales.” Ellen, noticing my mom’s struggle to manage her blood sugar, started dropping off notes on the fridge with words: “Roast chicken — no sugar, extra love!” And the kids became regulars too, helping to water the garden for my parents. Everything seemed peaceful. Then one spring night, a storm hit suddenly. Thunder was loud. and rain beat hard against the windows. My parents’ old maple tree, weak from years of storms, struggled in the wind and fell onto the driveway, blocking it completely. When my parents phoned me about their situation, I was trapped on highways filled with fallen branches. Unfortunately, my brother was away on a business trip in another city. We worried deeply about our dad and our mom, being alone in the storm. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At that moment, some familiar figures appeared. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the storm, my brother and I knocked on the Smiths’ door ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高2026届高三(上)入学联合诊断性考试 英语试题 (满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟) 命题学校：西南大学附属中学 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写；必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效；保持答卷清洁、完整。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷自行保管，以备评讲)。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do the signals show today? A. “Stop” in both ways. B. “Go” in both ways. C. “Stop” in one way. 2.Where didn’t the woman go yesterday evening? A. To the hotel. B. To the airport. C. To the office. 3.What does the man probably want the woman to do? A. Get him a new chicken sandwich. B. Bring him a different sandwich. C. Give him his money back. 4.What does the woman see? A. A bird. B. A picture. C. A tail. 5.Who is the man probably talking to? A. A reporter. B. A shop assistant. C. A travel agent. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday 7. What is the woman likely to do in Toronto? A. Deal with her work. B. Relax herself. C. Meet her friends. 听第7段材料，回答8至10题。 8.Why did the woman fail to sleep well last night?. A. She stayed up late working. B. She was under a lot of pressure. C. She drank strong tea before bedtime. 9.What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Do some exercise. B. Take sleeping pills. C. Have an early supper. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A Doctor and patient. B. Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers. 听第8段材料，回答11至13题。 11. Who made the cookies? A. The woman’s mother. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman’s sister. 12. When did the woman get her 3D printer? A. On her birthday. B. At Halloween. C. At Christmas. 13. What was the first thing the woman printed? A. A pencil holder. B. A plant container. C. A house decoration. 听第9段材料，回答14至17题。 14. What does the man recommend? A. A guided boat tour. B. A ride on the London Eye. C. A tour of the Tower of London. 15. How will the woman travel to London? A. By train. B. By ship. C. By plane. 16. What will the woman probably do after her Thames trip? A. Have a meal at Borough Market. B. Watch the changing of the guard. C. Visit the Southbank Skatepark. 17. What does the man think of the National Portrait Gallery? A. Its works are difficult to understand. B. It has great historical value. C. It’s a bit too traditional. 听第10段材料，回答18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s job? A. An artist. B. A news announcer. C. An art gallery director. 19. What does the speaker most likely think about the whole story? A. It was strange. B. It was meaningful. C. It was understandable. 20. What will directly follow the commercial? A. Politics. B. Weather. C. Traffic. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A British Science Week is entering its third decade in 2025, taking place on 7 — 16 March, and the theme to mark the start of this new era is “Change and adapt”! Change and adaptation are all around us Changing and adapting play a big part in science. You can find examples in every area of STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths). Cities, towns and other areas where people live change and adapt. Plants and animals change and adapt to their surroundings to survive. Our behaviors change too — we need to change how we consume the world’s resources to make up for the worst effects of the climate crisis, and adapt our lifestyles to reduce our impact through recycling or reducing waste. But change and adaptation don’t just happen here on Earth, and even the stars and other heavenly bodies change as they gain and lose mass. Perhaps there is life on other planets that adapts as the environment changes. When exploring this theme, we can also consider how attitudes to STEM and the people who do it have changed and adapted. Concepts of scientists are changing and we need to keep adapting our thinking until we can no longer picture a stereotypical scientist — anyone can be a scientist. Get involved “Change and adapt” offers a huge variety of topics to explore as part of your British Science Week 2025 activities. Why not contribute your thoughts to our discussion using the hashtag (话题标签) #BSW25? We'll be opening the British Science Week activity packs call for contents in the coming weeks, so keep your eyes on our website and social media for further details. Applications for Kick Start Grants (拨款), funding for schools to run events during British Science Week in 2025, will open in September 2024. 1. Which of the following fits the theme of British Science Week 2025? A. Exploring how urban areas develop over time. B. Reviewing the history of ancient civilizations. C. Memorizing fixed properties of chemical elements. D. Tracing the daily routine of a stereotypical scientist. 2. What is the purpose of suggesting using the hashtag #BSW25? A. To apply for Kick Start Grants. B. To share a wide range of relevant ideas. C. To follow updates on the activity packs. D. To restrict participation to those who use social media. 3. What is the text? A. A diary entry. B. An event announcement. C. A news report. D. A scientific research paper. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是英国科学周2025年即将进入第三个十年，其主题为“改变和适应”。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“British Science Week is entering its third decade in 2025, taking place on 7—16 March, and the theme to mark the start of this new era is “Change and adapt”!(英国科学周将于2025年进入第三个十年，将于3月7日至16日举行，标志着这个新时代开始的主题是“改变和适应”！)”以及根据第二段中的 “Cities, towns and other areas where people live change and adapt.(人类居住的城市、城镇及其他区域会发生变化并适应环境)”可知，符合2025年英国科学周的主题是探索城市地区如何随着时间的推移而发展。故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““Change and adapt” offers a huge variety of topics to explore as part of your British Science Week 2025 activities. Why not contribute your thoughts to our discussion using the hashtag (话题标签) # BSW25?(“改变和适应”提供了各种各样的主题来探索，作为你的英国科学周2025活动的一部分。为什么不使用# BSW25标签为我们的讨论贡献你的想法呢？)”可知，使用# BSW25标签的目的是交流各种相关的想法。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“British Science Week is entering its third decade in 2025, taking place on 7 — 16 March, and the theme to mark the start of this new era is “Change and adapt”!(英国科学周将于2025年进入第三个十年，将于3月7日至16日举行，标志着这个新时代开始的主题是“改变和适应”！)”可知，本文主要讲的是英国科学周2025年即将进入第三个十年，其主题为“改变和适应”，因此是一篇活动公告。故选B。 B This year, my two oldest sons asked me to sign them up for piano lessons. For certain reasons, I considered it a good time for me to take up the piano again, after 30 years. As a child, I learned the piano and the cello, playing in two orchestras and singing in the school choir. No one forced me to do that, but it wasn’t a free choice either. When you are the approval-addicted daughter of an over-invested mother, no one needs to apply force. My mom and I were well-matched partners of unspoken expectation and approval-seeking. I did her forcing for her. For my mother, my musical industriousness wasn’t so much about achievement as identity. She was American by birth, and after marrying my university professor father and moving to London, she spent a decade working to be accepted into the impatient, worrisome world of British intellectual society. Music made me into the person my mother needed me to be, so that she could get the role she needed. In this environment, a diligent daughter lugging a giant cello was a ticket to belonging. And for my part, although I seldom believed that my mother’s love was conditional, I did suspect that there was a bonus in there. Somehow, the piano lessons turn me into both my childhood self, seeking my mother’s approval, and my mother herself, putting the same high expectations on my own children. My mother was lucky since I was naturally suited to the role she assigned me. My sons are not. They are restless, not into lengthy sessions of sitting still. Unconditional love may be at the heart of parenthood, but sometimes it can feel impossible to accommodate unconditional love to the worldly practices of day-to-day parenting. The whole job seems set up for conditionality: It would be dishonest to pretend we’re indifferent to our children’s echoing our values. I'm disappointed when my sons won’t play their role in the script I have written for them, but deep down, I’m also a little thrilled. A secret part of me is delighted by their raging demands for full personhood. 4. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A. The author learned musical instruments out of pure love. B. The author forced her mum to enroll her in piano lessons. C. The author’s mum threw her into music for her own sake. D. The author offered to learn musical instruments for her mom’s approval. 5 What does the author’s mother regard the author’s musical industriousness as? A. A result of her selfless cultivation. B. A proof of her ability to be a qualified mother. C. A way to fit into the British intellectual society. D. A symbol more of family achievement than of social identity. 6. Which of the following is TRUE from the author’s perspective? A. She thinks her sons could play as well as she did. B. She has a mixed feeling towards her sons’ unwillingness. C. She doesn’t care about whether her sons play instruments well. D. She feels sorrowful because her sons’ instruments-playing skills are bad. 7. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Can Musical Talents Really be Inherited? B. Can We Really Force Our Children to Love Music? C. Can We Really Love Our Children Unconditionally? D. Can Playing Instruments Help Us Fit into Intellectual Society? 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从自己的经历讲述了对于父母无条件的爱的看法。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的 “When you are the approval-addicted daughter of an over-invested mother, no one needs to apply force. My mom and I were well-matched partners of unspoken expectation and approval-seeking. (当你是一位过度投入的母亲的、渴望得到认可的女儿时，没人需要施加压力。我和妈妈是心照不宣的期望与寻求认可的最佳搭档。)” 可知，画线句“I did her forcing for her”意为作者主动学习乐器，以满足母亲的期望并获得她的认可。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For my mother, my musical industriousness wasn’t so much about achievement as identity. She was American by birth, and after marrying my university professor father and moving to London, she spent a decade working to be accepted into the impatient, fraught world of British intellectual society. (对我母亲来说，我在音乐上的勤奋与其说是成就，不如说是身份。她出生在美国，在嫁给我的大学教授父亲并搬到伦敦后，她花了10年的时间努力工作，以便被英国知识分子社会这个不耐烦、充满忧虑的世界所接受。)”可知，作者的母亲认为作者在音乐上的勤奋是她融入当时英国知识界的一种方式。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I’m disappointed when my sons won’t play their role in the script I have written for them, but deep down, I’m also a little thrilled. (当我的儿子们不能在我为他们写的剧本中扮演他们的角色时，我很失望，但在内心深处，我也有点激动。)”可知，作者对于儿子们不愿练习乐器，一方面是失望，另一方面是激动，作者的心里感受是复杂的。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，作者从儿时为获母亲认可学音乐，到如今面对儿子不愿学钢琴的态度，引发对 “亲子间无条件的爱” 的思考 。再根据第六段 “Unconditional love may be at the heart of parenthood, but sometimes it can feel impossible to accommodate unconditional love to the worldly practices of day-to-day parenting. (无条件的爱或许是为人父母的核心，但有时在日常育儿的现实中，要做到无条件的爱似乎很难。)”，”可知，作者从自己的学习乐器的经历讲述了对于父母无条件的爱的看法。C项：Can We Really Love Our Children Unconditionally? (我们真的能无条件地爱我们的孩子吗？)为最佳标题。故选C。 C From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — can avoid the stop-and-go traffic. On a driveway with 15 vehicles per mile, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a persistent traffic jam. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. Previous research had shown that ants can maintain their flow even at high densities. So what’s their secret? In a recent study published in Transportation Research, researchers recorded ants on trails and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour hardly tend to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals. That is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says study co-author Nicola Pugno. In his vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would avoid traffic jams by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. Like ants on a trail, which use scent to control behavior while interacting with one another, the autonomous vehicle network would help cars keep constant speeds while collecting and sharing information. “There is no leader,” but this organization emerges anyway, says Noa Pinter-Wollman. And in both ant and vehicle traffic, this type of distributed system can be very strong and changeable. Still, ants can do a lot of things that cars can’t, the researcher points out. Ants can make trails as wide as they like, unlike drivers stuck on highways. Plus, unlike cars, ants don’t crash; they can literally walk over one another. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: by leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise give rise to a traffic jam with no obvious cause. 8. Which does not contribute to ants' stable traffic at high densities? A. Steady speed. B. Sufficient space. C. Patient queuing. D. Constant movement. 9. Which of the following is in line with Nicola Pugno’s opinion? A. Human drivers usually break the traffic rules at rush hour. B. Prioritizing interests can definitely lead to inefficient traffic flow. C. Human drivers will drive more slowly than autonomous vehicles. D. Autonomous vehicles may be programmed to improve traffic situation. 10. What can we learn about autonomous vehicle network? A. It can keep vehicle speed under control. B. It can form a solid and flexible traffic system. C. It can provide drivers with changeable routes. D. It can use scent to communicate with vehicles. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. What ants will do when they face traffic jams. B. What we can benefit from autonomous vehicles. C. How ants may save you from future traffic jams. D. Why we should keep good distances while driving. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员通过研究蚂蚁在高密度交通下的行为模式，发现蚂蚁通过保持稳定的行进速度和相互间适当的距离来避免交通堵塞，进而探讨如何将这些策略应用于自动驾驶汽车，以减少或避免交通拥堵。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another and they don’t speed up to pass others. (研究人员发现，蚂蚁不会拥堵，因为它们以 3 到 20 只为一组移动，速度几乎恒定，同时彼此之间保持足够距离，且不会加速超车。)” 可知，蚂蚁在高密度下交通稳定的原因包括 “速度稳定（Steady speed）”“空间充足（Sufficient space）”“持续移动（Constant movement）”，未提及 “耐心排队（Patient queuing）”。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In his vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would avoid traffic jams by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road.(在他对未来的设想中，自动驾驶汽车将通过优先考虑恒定速度和车距，或者不在路上超车来避免交通堵塞)”可知，Nicola Pugno认为自动驾驶汽车可以通过编程来改善交通状况，即自动驾驶汽车可能被编程以改善交通状况。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Like ants on a trail, which use scent to control behavior while interacting with one another, the autonomous vehicle network would help cars keep constant speeds while collecting and sharing information. “There is no leader,” but this organization emerges anyway, says Noa Pinter-Wollman, a behavioral scientist at the University of California. And in both ant and vehicle traffic, this type of distributed system can be very strong and changeable.(就像小路上的蚂蚁，它们在相互交流时使用气味来控制行为，自动驾驶汽车网络将帮助汽车保持恒定速度，同时收集和共享信息。加州大学的行为科学家Noa Pinter-Wollman说：“没有领导者，”但这种组织无论如何都会出现。在蚂蚁和车辆交通中，这种分布式系统都非常强大且可变)”可知，自动驾驶汽车网络将帮助汽车保持恒定速度，同时收集和共享信息，这种分布式系统都非常强大且可变，可推理出自动驾驶汽车网络可以形成一个坚固而灵活的交通系统。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — can avoid the stop-and-go traffic. On a driveway with 15 vehicles per mile, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a persistent traffic jam. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up.(从飞机上看，在高速公路上爬行的汽车看起来像蚂蚁。但实际的蚂蚁——与汽车不同——可以避免走走停停的交通。在一条每英里有15辆车的车道上，一个司机踩刹车就能造成持续的交通堵塞。研究人员正在研究这些昆虫的合作策略，以学习如何编程自动驾驶汽车，使其不会堵塞)”和最后一段“Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: by leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise give rise to a traffic jam with no obvious cause(如今的司机至少可以从蚂蚁身上学到一样东西来避免造成交通堵塞：通过在自己车和前车之间留出空间，司机可以在密集的交通状况下吸收一波刹车潮，否则这股刹车潮会在没有明显原因的情况下引发交通堵塞)”可知，文章围绕蚂蚁的交通策略展开，说明其对解决人类交通拥堵的启发，尤其是对自动驾驶汽车的借鉴意义，因此，“蚂蚁如何帮你摆脱未来交通拥堵”可以概括本文的主题。故选C项。 D “Adults and even babies can easily make reliable inferences about what drives other people’s actions,” said Dr. Moira Dillon, a researcher at New York University. “Current AI finds these inferences challenging to make.” The novel idea of putting babies and AI head-to-head on the same tasks is allowing researchers to better describe babies’ natural knowledge about other people and suggest ways of integrating that knowledge into AI. “If AI aims to build flexible, commonsense thinkers like human adults, then machines should draw upon the same core abilities babies possess in detecting goals and preferences,” Dr. Dillon said. To develop a foundational understanding of the differences between humans’ and AI’s abilities; Dr. Dillon’s team conducted a series of experiments with 11-month-old babies and compared their responses to those produced by state-of-the-art learning-driven AI models. Specifically, babies on Zoom watched a series of videos of simple animated shapes moving around the screen-similar to a video game. The shapes’ actions simulated human behavior and decision-making through the retrieval (检索) of objects on the screen and other movements. Similarly, the scientists built and trained learning-driven AI models and tested the models’ responses to the exact same videos. Their results showed that babies recognized human-like motivations even in the simplified actions of animated shapes. Babies predicted that these actions were driven by hidden but consistent goals — for example, the on-screen retrieval of the same object no matter what location it was in and the movement of that shape efficiently even when the surrounding environment changed. Babies demonstrated such predictions by looking longer at events that went against their predictions — a common and decades-old measurement for evaluating the nature of babies’ knowledge. The AI models showed no such evidence of understanding the motivations underlying such actions, revealing that they are missing key foundational principles of commonsense psychology that babies possess. “A human baby’s foundational knowledge is limited, abstract, and reflects our evolutionary inheritance (进化遗传), yet it can accommodate any context or culture in which that baby might live and learn,” Dr. Dillon said. 12. What do the researchers expect of this study? A. It will contribute to building smarter AI. B. It will discover more about baby language. C. It will improve computer science education. D. It will reveal human behavior’s underlying motivations. 13. How did the researchers compare babies and AI in their study? A. By judging their video gaming skills. B. By measuring their ability to recognize patterns. C. By assessing their responses to the same stimuli. D. By testing their understanding of real human actions. 14. What did the babies do when they saw unexpected shape actions? A. They just ignored them. B. They reacted to them later. C. They spent more time observing them. D. They compared them with earlier predictions. 15. What does the last paragraph imply about human intelligence? A. It varies culturally. B. It is highly adaptable. C. It is determined at birth. D. It is at peak in early adulthood. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约大学狄龙博士团队让11个月大婴儿与AI同做任务，发现婴儿懂类人动机，AI缺常识心理原则，研究或助AI融入婴儿能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The novel idea of putting babies and AI head-to-head on the same tasks is allowing researchers to better describe babies’ natural knowledge about other people and suggest ways of integrating that knowledge into AI.( 将婴儿和人工智能直接放在一起完成同样的任务，这一新颖的想法使研究人员能够更好地描述婴儿对其他人的自然知识，并提出将这些知识整合到人工智能中的方法)”以及第三段中“If AI aims to build flexible, commonsense thinkers like human adults, then machines should draw upon the same core abilities babies possess in detecting goals and preferences(如果人工智能的目标是培养像成年人一样灵活、有常识的思考者，那么机器就应该利用婴儿在探测目标和偏好方面所拥有的核心能力)”可知，研究人员将婴儿和AI进行对比研究，期望把婴儿所拥有的能力融入到AI中，从而有助于构建更智能的AI。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dr. Dillon’s team conducted a series of experiments with 11-month-old babies and compared their responses to those produced by state-of-the-art learning-driven AI models. Specifically, babies on Zoom watched a series of videos of simple animated shapes moving around the screen-similar to a video game. The shapes’ actions simulated human behavior and decision-making through the retrieval (检索) of objects on the screen and other movements. Similarly, the scientists built and trained learning-driven AI models and tested the models’ responses to the exact same videos.( 狄龙博士的团队对11个月大的婴儿进行了一系列实验，并将他们的反应与最先进的学习驱动人工智能模型的反应进行了比较。具体来说，Zoom上的婴儿观看了一系列简单的动画形状在屏幕上移动的视频——类似于视频游戏。这些形状的动作通过检索屏幕上的物体和其他动作来模拟人类的行为和决策。同样，科学家们建立并训练了学习驱动的人工智能模型，并测试了这些模型对完全相同视频的反应)”可知，研究人员让婴儿和AI对相同的视频（即相同的刺激）做出反应，通过评估他们对相同刺激的反应来进行比较。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“Babies demonstrated such predictions by looking longer at events that went against their predictions — a common and decades-old measurement for evaluating the nature of babies’ knowledge.( 婴儿通过更长时间地观察与他们的预测相反的事件来证明这种预测——这是评估婴儿知识本质的一种常见的、几十年前就有的测量方法)”可知，当婴儿看到与他们预测不符的形状动作（即意外的形状动作）时，他们会花更多时间观察这些事件。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““A human baby’s foundational knowledge is limited, abstract, and reflects our evolutionary inheritance (进化遗传), yet it can accommodate any context or culture in which that baby might live and learn,” Dr. Dillon said.( “人类婴儿的基础知识是有限的、抽象的，反映了我们的进化遗传，但它可以适应婴儿可能生活和学习的任何环境或文化，”狄龙博士说)”提到人类婴儿的基础知识有限且抽象，但能适应婴儿可能生活和学习的任何环境或文化，这暗示了人类智力具有高度适应性。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine walking through someone’s house. The rooms are barren. There are no knickknacks (小摆设) lying around-just the essentials. You open the closet to find you can count the number of clothing items inside on one hand. The space seems more like a jail cell than a home.____16____ It turns out that the house's owner is not poor. Instead, he is an extreme minimalist who chooses to limit his number of belongings.____17____Minimalists follow this philosophy to varying degrees, but they generally claim that cutting down on excess stuff leads to a more fulfilling life. With fewer possessions, they don’t have to spend much time cleaning, thinking about what they are missing, or trying to keep up with the latest trends.____18____They can then dive into hobbies that ignite their passion like exercising, traveling, and being with loved ones. Extreme minimalism isn’t for everyone, but a mild form of it has grown in popularity recently, thanks to Marie Kondo's best-selling book The Life-changing Magic of Tidying Up. Her philosophy of keeping only items that “spark joy” has resonated with millions, encouraging people to declutter their homes and minds. This shift toward intentional living reflects a broader desire to simplify daily life, moving away from excess and toward greater focus on what truly matters.____19____ They discover that fewer possessions often mean less stress and more clarity. Kondo stresses that minimalism is not merely about throwing things away or holding onto what you want to keep.____20____Even if you are not ready to become a minimalist, you may want to consider reducing the number of things you own, for it seems that letting go of things can truly make room for happiness. A. Instead, it’s about striking a balance between personal joy and possessions. B. This frees up their time for things that they find meaningful. C. No warmth, no life traces-just a cold, empty structure, not a home. D. So you wonder whether the resident is too poor to buy more things to fill the house. E. Even those who don’t embrace full minimalism find value in scaling down. F. Such a balance helps people avoid the trap of mindless consumption. G. Minimalism goes against consumerism by dramatically scaling down possessions. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了极简主义，通过描述极简主义者居住环境，阐述极简主义的理念及其带来的生活变化，还提到了 Marie Kondo 的相关理念对人们的影响。 【16题详解】 根据上文“You open the closet to find you can count the number of clothing items inside on one hand. The space seems more like a jail cell than a home.(你打开衣柜，发现里面的衣物数量一只手就能数得过来。这个空间与其说像个家，倒更像是间牢房)”可知，前文描述了一个房间空荡荡，像牢房而非家的场景。选项承接前文对房间场景的描述。D选项“所以你会想是不是居住者太穷，买不起更多东西来填满房子”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Instead, he is an extreme minimalist who chooses to limit his number of belongings.(相反，他是一个极端的极简主义者，选择限制自己的物品数量)” 以及下文“Minimalists follow this philosophy to varying degrees(极简主义者在不同程度上遵循这种理念)” 可知，此处应进一步阐述极简主义与物品数量的关系，G选项 “极简主义通过大幅减少物品数量来对抗消费主义)” 符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据上文“With fewer possessions, they don’t have to spend much time cleaning, thinking about what they are missing, or trying to keep up with the latest trends.(拥有的物品越少，他们就无需花费大量时间打扫、纠结自己缺什么，或是追赶最新潮流)”可知，前文提到极简主义者拥有更少物品带来的好处，如无需花太多时间做其他事，选项进一步说明好处。B选项 “为他们腾出时间去做他们认为有意义的事情”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文 “Extreme minimalism isn’t for everyone, but a mild form of it has grown in popularity recently(极端极简主义并不适合每个人，但一种温和的形式最近越来越受欢迎) 以及下文 “They discover that fewer possessions often mean less stress and more clarity.(他们发现更少的物品往往意味着更少的压力和更清晰的思路)” 可知，此处应阐述即使不完全接受极简主义的人也能从减少物品中获得价值，与Kondo的温和理念一致。E选项 “即使是那些不完全接受极简主义的人也能从减少物品中发现价值” 符合语境，与前后文内容相符，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Kondo stresses that minimalism is not merely about throwing things away or holding onto what you want to keep.(近藤麻理惠强调极简主义不仅仅是扔掉东西或保留你想留的东西)” 可知，此处应阐述极简主义真正的内涵，A选项“相反，它是关于在个人快乐和物品之间找到平衡” 符合语境。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I knew exercise is good for health — who doesn’t? But ____21____ were easier. Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle. Each offered me a reason to ____22____ it, so I did. When I worked in Kenya, I came to realize that people there don’t “____23____” the way I had thought. Instead, they move — with a clear ____24____ in mind. They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops. There is no such thing as a ____25____, but they are working out 24/7. Maybe I could take ____26____ from these people and add meaning to my exercising. So, I launched my ____27____ program: “chicken-cising,” with 15 baby chicks and a book on ____28____ backyard chickens. It turned out that caring for the flightless birds was quite ____29____ — a full-body workout involving bending, squatting (深蹲), weightlifting and running around. One weekend, my e-watch ____30____ as many as 145 squats and 10,506 steps! I ended up in better shape than expected and found extra ____31____that no gym workout can provide. First, quitting is not a(n) ____32____: You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a while, and then simply decide not to ____33____, especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive. Second, you have unbeatable workout partners, who ____34____respond to your appearance with encouragement. Bah-Baaaahk! What’s more? Fresh-from-the-hen eggs! Turning every breakfast into a celebration of my new lifestyle with the best eggs, “chicken-cising” taught me that movement doesn’t need a gym — it needs ____35____. 21. A. actions B. examples C. excuses D. answers 22. A. avoid B. manage C. approach D. tolerate 23. A. change B. exercise C. travel D. live 24. A. request B. message C. order D. purpose 25. A. role B. problem C. gym D. village 26. A. inspiration B. time C. comfort D. pleasure 27. A. escape B. fitness C. charity D. diet 28. A. cooking B. protecting C. drawing D. raising 29. A. amusing B. confusing C. demanding D. touching 30. A. meant B. read C. rang D. took 31. A. bonuses B. pressure C. instructions D. responsibility 32. A. error B. pain C. must D. option 33. A. step aside B. turn up C. show off D. give in 34. A. angrily B. patiently C. cheerfully D. carefully 35. A. meaning B. talent C. attention D. courage 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者本找借口不锻炼，在肯尼亚受当地人有目的活动启发，推出“养鸡锻炼”计划，获好身材与额外益处，明白运动需意义而非健身房。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但找借口更容易。A. actions行动；B. examples例子；C. excuses借口；D. answers回答。根据后文“Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle.” 可知作者为不锻炼找了很多理由，这里说“但是借口更容易（找到）”。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个都给了我一个避免（做这些运动）的理由，所以我就这样做了。A. avoid避免，回避；B. manage管理，设法做到；C. approach接近，处理；D. tolerate容忍。根据上文“Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to handle.”可知，因为前面提到跑步让作者厌烦，骑自行车听起来有风险，健身房似乎难以应付，这些都为作者提供了避免（做这些运动）的理由，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在肯尼亚工作时，我开始意识到那里的人并不像我想象的那样“锻炼”。A. change改变；B. exercise锻炼；C. travel旅行；D. live生活。根据上文提到的作者对锻炼的看法，以及下文“but they are working out 24/7”可知，作者来到肯尼亚后意识到那里的人锻炼的方式和自己想的不一样。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会带着明确的目标行动。A. request请求；B. message信息；C. order命令，顺序；D. purpose目的。根据下文“They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops.”可知他们移动是有明确目的的。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有健身房这种东西，但他们每天24小时都在锻炼。A. role角色；B. problem问题；C. gym健身房；D. village村庄。根据前文提到作者认为健身房难以应付，以及下文“but they are working out 24/7”可知，这里说肯尼亚没有像健身房（gym）这样的东西，但他们一直在锻炼。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我可以从这些人身上得到启发，给我的锻炼增添意义。A. inspiration灵感；B. time时间；C. comfort安慰；D. pleasure快乐。根据下文““chicken-cising,” with 15 baby chicks and a book on____8____backyard chickens.”可知，作者从肯尼亚人那里获得灵感，想给自己的锻炼增加意义，take inspiration from 表示“从……获得灵感”，为固定短语。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我启动了我的健身计划：“养鸡”，有15只小鸡和一本关于饲养后院鸡的书。A. escape逃跑；B. fitness健身；C. charity慈善；D. diet饮食。根据上文“and add meaning to my exercising”以及后文描述的通过照顾小鸡进行锻炼可知，作者发起了健身（fitness）项目。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我启动了我的健身计划：“养鸡”，有15只小鸡和一本关于饲养后院鸡的书。A. cooking烹饪；B. protecting保护；C. drawing绘画；D. raising饲养。根据下文“caring for the flightless birds”可知，作者有 15 只小鸡和一本关于饲养（raising）后院小鸡的书。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，照顾这些不会飞鸟是相当费力的——需要全身锻炼，包括弯腰、下蹲、举重和跑来跑去。A. amusing有趣的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. demanding费力的；D. touching感人的。根据下文“a full-body workout involving bending, squatting (深蹲), weightlifting and running around.”可知照顾这些不会飞的鸟很费力（demanding）。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个周末，我的电子手表记录我做了145次深蹲和10506步！A. meant意味着；B. read显示，读取，记录；C. rang响铃；D. took带走，花费。根据下文“as many as 145 squats and 10,506 steps”可知，这里说电子手表记录（read）作者做了多达 145 个深蹲和 10506 步。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的身材比预期的要好，而且发现了健身房锻炼无法提供的额外好处。A. bonuses好处；B. pressure压力；C. instructions说明；D. responsibility责任。根据下文列举的不轻易放弃、有绝佳的锻炼伙伴、能得到新鲜鸡蛋等内容可知，作者得到了比预期更好的身材，还发现了额外的好处（bonuses），这些是健身房锻炼不能提供的。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，退出不是一个选择：你不能穿上你“养鸡健身”衣服，坐一段时间，然后简单地决定不出现，尤其是当你的羽毛朋友依靠你生存的时候。A. error错误；B. pain疼痛；C. must必须；D. option选择。根据下文“especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive.”可知放弃不是一个选择（option）。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：首先，退出不是一个选择：你不能穿上你的“养鸡健身”衣服，坐一段时间，然后简单地决定不露面，尤其是当你的羽毛朋友依靠你生存的时候。A. step aside让开；B. turn up出现；C. show off炫耀；D. give in屈服。根据上文“You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a while”可知，这里说不能穿上专门运动的衣服，坐一会儿，然后决定不露面。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：其次，你有无与伦比的健身伙伴，他们会对你的出现给予鼓励。A. angrily生气地；B. patiently耐心地；C. cheerfully愉快地；D. carefully仔细地。根据下文“respond to your appearance with encouragement”可知这些锻炼伙伴会愉快地（cheerfully）回应你。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：把每顿早餐都变成用最好的鸡蛋庆祝我的新生活方式，“养鸡健身”教会我运动不需要健身房——它需要意义。A. meaning意义；B. talent天赋；C. attention注意力；D. courage勇气。根据上文“Maybe I could take inspiration from these people and add meaning to my exercising.”可知，运动不需要健身房，它需要意义（meaning）。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, ____36____ summer heat and humidity reached their peak intensity. Ancient Chinese believed poisonous vapours and evil spirits were most active then, so every possible means was applied ____37____ (protect) families and ward off misfortune. Among the various customs, using mugwort (艾叶) was by far the most widespread and culturally significant practice. Before sunrise, parents cut the tallest mugwort from, riverbanks. After ____38____ (tie) them tightly with red threads, they hung the bundles above doors. The bitter smell was thought to drive insects and ghosts away, cutting off primary carriers of diseases. Indoors, ____39____(dry) mugwort was burned in clay pots; when lit, the thick smoke filled corners, effectively cleaning the air. People boiled mugwort too, ____40____ the cooled herbal water used for evening baths to prevent common skin problems. Children avoiding the baths wore neck bags filled with mugwort powder. Besides these practical steps, ____41____ (symbol) ritual acts existed: drinking realgar wine (雄黄酒), painting bright “王” characters on children’s foreheads, ____42____ saying ancient spells. All these formed a spiritual shield against diseases. Today, modern science ____43____ (explain) the plant’s proven value, but the door-hanging tradition continues universally which stands as ____44____ enduring fragrant reminder of humanity’s endless struggle for harmony with nature. Recalling these customs is ____45____ (true) essential to understand our ancestors’ wisdom. 【答案】36. when 37. to protect 38. tying 39. dried 40. with 41. symbolic 42. and 43. has explained 44 an 45. truly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了端午节，包括其时间特点、古人对此时的认知，重点阐述了端午节使用艾叶的习俗以及相关象征性仪式，还说明了现代科学对艾叶价值的解释及传统延续的意义。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：端午节在农历五月初五，此时暑热和湿气达到最强程度。“____1____ summer heat and humidity reached their peak intensity”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the fifth day of the fifth lunar month，表示时间，在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导该定语从句。故填when。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：古代中国人认为那时有毒的气体和邪灵最为活跃，所以采用各种方法来保护家人并驱赶厄运。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示采用各种方法的目的是“保护家人并驱赶厄运”。故填to protect。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：用红线把它们紧紧系好后，他们把成捆的艾叶挂在门上方。After为介词，后接动名词作宾语，tie的动名词形式为tying。故填tying。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在室内，干艾叶在陶罐里燃烧；点燃时，浓烟弥漫各个角落，有效地净化了空气。此处修饰名词mugwort，应用形容词dried，意为“干的”。故填dried。 【40题详解】 考查with的复合结构。句意：人们也煮艾叶，冷却后的草药水用于晚上洗澡，以预防常见的皮肤问题。分析句子可知，逗号后部分并非完整句子，此处为“with +宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语，the cooled herbal water与used for evening baths之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词used作宾语补足语。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了这些实用的措施，还有象征性的仪式行为：喝雄黄酒、在孩子们的额头上画明亮的“王”字，以及念古老的咒语。此处修饰名词ritual acts，应用形容词symbolic，意为“象征性的”。故填symbolic。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：除了这些实用的措施，还有象征性的仪式行为：喝雄黄酒、在孩子们的额头上画明亮的“王”字，以及念古老的咒语。“drinking realgar wine”“painting bright“王” characters on children’s foreheads”与“saying ancient spells”是并列关系，所以用and连接。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：如今，现代科学已经解释了这种植物已被证实的价值，但挂艾叶的传统仍然普遍延续，它作为一种持久的、芬芳的提醒，让人们想起人类为与自然和谐相处而进行的无尽努力。根据时间状语Today以及语境可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语modern science是第三人称单数，所以用has explained。故填has explained。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如今，现代科学已经解释了这种植物已被证实的价值，但挂艾叶的传统仍然普遍延续，它作为一种持久的、芬芳的提醒，让人们想起人类为与自然和谐相处而进行的无尽努力。reminder为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种提醒”，且enduring是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：回忆这些习俗对于理解我们祖先的智慧确实至关重要。此处修饰形容词essential，应用副词truly，意为“确实，真正地”。故填truly。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，进入高三后，为了激发学习动力、共筑青春梦想，你们班将举办一节主题为“以梦为马，不负韶华”的班会课。请你准备一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.你梦想的具体内容； 2.为了实现这个梦想，你打算做些什么。 注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, my fellow students.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many thanks for your attention! 【答案】Good morning, my fellow students. My dream is to become a top-notch doctor, dedicated to saving lives and relieving patients' sufferings. To realize this dream, I’ll first spare no effort to improve my academic performance, especially in subjects like biology and chemistry. I’ll also actively participate in relevant extracurricular activities, such as volunteer work in hospitals, to gain practical experience. I firmly believe that with unwavering determination and consistent efforts, I can achieve my dream and make the most of my youth. Many thanks for your attention! 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生准备一篇发言稿，参加班班级举办的一节主题为“以梦为马，不负韶华”的班会课。 【详解】1.词汇积累： ①顶尖的：top-notch→excellent ②致力于：be dedicated to→be committed to ③不遗余力：spare no effort→make every effort ④坚定的：unwavering→firm 2.句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：My dream is to become a top-notch doctor, dedicated to saving lives and relieving patients' sufferings. 拓展句：My dream is to become a top-notch doctor, who is dedicated to saving lives and relieving patients' sufferings. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】To realize this dream, I’ll first spare no effort to improve my academic performance, especially in subjects like biology and chemistry.（运用不定式作状语） 【高分句型 2】I firmly believe that with unwavering determination and consistent efforts, I can achieve my dream and make the most of my youth.（运用 that 引导的宾语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My brother and I left our hometown in the Midwest years ago, each pursuing careers and building lives an hour’s drive from our parents’ house. While we treasured weekly calls and weekend visits, the distance seemed like a silent worry — especially as our dad’s health declined with cancer and our mom managed her heart disease alone. Little did we know that fate had placed guardian angels (天使) next door. My parents have lived in the Midwest for over 30 years. For years, it was just them, us kids coming and going, and the quiet rhythm (节奏) of small-town life. But when the Smiths moved in next door five years ago, that rhythm gained a new, beautiful beat. Tom Smith, a construction worker with a heart as big as his toolbelt, and his wife Ellen, a retired nurse, would come with their kids — Lily, then 15, and Jake, 20 — and a dog named Bear. At first, the interactions were simple: waves across the fence, shared stories over morning coffee. and Lily asking to pet the dog. But as my dad’s health declined and my mom’s disease demanded more attention, those small exchanges grew into something strong. Tom took to checking on my dad daily, often chatting with him. “Your dad is a storyteller,” he’d say. “Best part of my day — listening to his tales.” Ellen, noticing my mom’s struggle to manage her blood sugar, started dropping off notes on the fridge with words: “Roast chicken — no sugar, extra love!” And the kids became regulars too, helping to water the garden for my parents. Everything seemed peaceful. Then one spring night, a storm hit suddenly. Thunder was loud. and rain beat hard against the windows. My parents’ old maple tree, weak from years of storms, struggled in the wind and fell onto the driveway, blocking it completely. When my parents phoned me about their situation, I was trapped on highways filled with fallen branches. Unfortunately, my brother was away on a business trip in another city. We worried deeply about our dad and our mom, being alone in the storm. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At that moment, some familiar figures appeared. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the storm, my brother and I knocked on the Smiths’ door ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 At that moment, some familiar figures appeared. It turned out to be Tom, wearing a raincoat and holding a flashlight, with Jake and Lily right behind him. “We saw the tree fall from our window!” Tom shouted over the storm. Jake grabbed the chainsaw from their garage and started cutting the branches into smaller pieces, while Tom cleared the debris. Lily stayed with my parents, keeping them company and making sure they were safe. My mom later told me that Lily sang their favorite songs to drown out the sound of the storm. Thankfully, my parents were both safe. After the storm, my brother and I knocked on the Smiths’ door. When Tom opened it, we handed him a basket of homemade cookies and a thank-you card signed by our whole family. “You guys are more than neighbors. You’re our guardian angels,” I said, my voice trembling with gratitude. “You’re family when we can’t be.” Tom smiled, “Neighbors take care of each other. That’s what we do.” Ellen then invited us in for coffee, and we spent the afternoon sharing stories and laughing like old friends. That day, I realized that true family isn’t bound by blood. The Smiths showed us that in the storms of life, it’s the people who stand by you that make the darkness feel a little brighter. Their love and support turned a scary night into a lesson about the power of community. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了多年前，作者和哥哥离开中西部家乡，父母留居当地。五年前史密斯一家搬来隔壁，在父亲患癌、母亲心脏病加重时，汤姆每日探望父亲，艾伦关心母亲健康，孩子们也常帮忙。一场暴风雨中，父母家枫树倒下堵了车道，作者和出差的哥哥都无法赶回，史密斯一家及时清理并陪伴父母。事后作者致谢，意识到真正的家人不限于血缘，社区的力量很强大。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那一刻，一些熟悉的身影出现了。”可知，第一段可描写史密斯一家及时清理并陪伴父母。 ②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨过后，我和哥哥敲响了史密斯家的门。”可知，第二段可描写事后作者致谢，意识到真正的家人不限于血缘，社区的力量很强大。 2.续写线索：史密斯一家出现——提供帮助——提供陪伴——作者和哥哥上门感谢——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/catch sight of ②意识到：realize/be aware of ③打开：open/unfold 情绪类 ①安全：safe/secure ②可怕：scary/frightening 【点睛】[高分句型1] That day, I realized that true family isn’t bound by blood.（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] When Tom opened it, we handed him a basket of homemade cookies and a thank-you card signed by our whole family.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $