Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语北师大版2024八年级上册

2025-09-08
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语北师大版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
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发布时间 2025-09-08
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Unit3 Feelings and Emotions 单词 1.surprised adj.惊奇的,惊讶的 2.bored adj.厌倦的,烦闷的 3.worried adj.担心的,担忧的,发愁的 4.argue vi.争论,争吵,争辩 5.present n.礼物,礼品;目前,现在adj.现存的,当前的 6.stand vt.&vi.容忍,忍受;站立,直立 7.poor adj.可怜的,不幸的;贫穷的 8.understand vt.& vi.了解,体谅;懂,理解;认识到 9.solve vt.解决,处理;解答,破解 10.shout vt.& vi.大声说;斥责;呼叫,喊叫 11.control vt.指挥,控制,掌管n.管理权,控制权 12.anger n.怒,怒火,怒气 13.emotion n.强烈的感情,激情,情感,情绪 14.upset adj.难过,不高兴,沮丧v.使烦恼,使心烦意乱 15.ordinary adj.普通的,平常的,一般的,平凡的 16.while conj.在··期间,当···的时候;虽然,尽管 17.feeling n.情感,感情;感觉,感触 18.rapidly adv.迅速地,快速地 19.physical adj.身体的,肉体的;客观存在的,现实的 20.relationship n.关系,联系 21.compare vt.比较,对比 22.true adj.符合事实的,确实的 23.succeed vi.成功 24.probably adv.很可能,大概 25.appearance n.外貌,外观,外表 26.personality n.性格,个性,人格 27.sociable adj.好交际的,合群的,友好的 28.humorous adj.滑稽有趣的,有幽默感的 29.wonder vt.& vi.想知道,想弄明白;感到诧异,非常惊讶 30.as adv.像...一样,如同 conj.当···时,随着;正如 31.uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的,令人不舒适的 32.notice vt.& vi.注意到,意识到33.positive adj.积极乐观的,正面的 34.negative adj.消极的,负面的 35.refuse vt.&vi.拒绝,回绝 36.although conj.虽然,尽管,即使 37.whenever conj.在任何··的时候,无论何时,在任何··的情况下 38.mistake n.错误,失误 39.comfort n.安慰,慰藉;舒服,安逸 v.安慰;抚慰 40.pressure n.心理压力,紧张 41.promise vt.&vi.许诺,承诺,保证n.诺言,许诺,承诺 42.stressful adj.压力重的,紧张的 短语 1.对……感到兴奋 be excited about 2.害怕…… be afraid of 3.对……失望 be disappointed with 4.为……感到自豪 be proud of 5.生某人的气 be angry with sb. 6.使某人振作起来 cheer sb. up 7.冷静下来 calm down 8.迫不及待做某事 can't wait to do sth. 9.与……分享…… share... with... 10.对……有耐心 be patient with 11.be crazy about 对……狂热 12.burst into tears 突然大哭 13.in a good mood 心情好 14.feel down 情绪低落 15.look forward to 期待 16.care about 关心;在意 17.make friends with 和……交朋友 18.give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱 19.have a chat with sb. 和某人聊天 20.express one's feelings 表达某人的感受 21.hold on to 抓紧,不放开 22.lead singer 主唱 23.drive sb. mad 让某人受不了 24.ups and downs 浮沉,兴衰,荣辱 词性变化 1.rapidly adv.→rapid adj.迅速的 2.humorous adj.→humor n.幽默 3.surprised adj.→surprise n.惊奇;惊讶 4.personality n.→personal adj.个人的 5.stressful adj.→stress n.压力 6.happy(副词) →happily 7.sad(名词) →sadness 8.anger(形容词) →angry 9.frighten(形容词)→ frightened 10.tire(形容词) →tired 11.worry(形容词) →worried 12.smile(过去式) →smiled 13.cry(过去式) →cried 14.feel(过去式) →felt 15.express(名词)→expression 句型 1.As teenagers, we often find it hard to understand and control our emotions.作为青少年,我们常常发现理解和控制自己的情绪很难。 2.While she was preparing for her geography test the next day, her sister was watching TV with the sound loud. 当她准备第二天的地理考试时,她的妹妹正在看电视,声音很大。 3.We may also hold on to our emotions for a long time. Sometimes we try to hide our feelings too. 我们的情绪可能也会持续很长时间,有时我们也会试图隐藏自己的感受。 4.These physical changes cause emotional ups and downs.这些身体上的变化会引起情绪的起伏。 5.At school,while Jenny was sitting in class. she looked around and wondered. "Why can't I be as tall as Alice? Why can't I be like John? 在学校,珍妮坐在教室里,她环顾四周,心里想:“为什么我不能像爱丽丝一样高?为什么我不能像约翰一样高? 6.As teenagers grow, their bodies change, and so does the way they feel about themselves, like their appearance and personality. 随着青少年的成长,他们的身体发生了变化,他们对自己感觉的方式也发生了变化,比如他们的外表和性格。 7.Jenny wasn't just comparing herself with her classmates 珍妮不只是拿自己和同学比较, 8.They liked her personality and confidence, as well as how she felt about herself. 他们喜欢她的性格和自信,以及她对自己的感觉。 9.Whenever we have a problem with friends. it's not helpful to be emotional. The best way to solve it is to talk to them.每当我和朋友之间有矛盾的时候,情绪化是无济于事的,最好的解决方法就是和他们好好谈谈。 语法 过去进行时 一、知识点清单 知识点1 surprise的用法 【详解】 surprise做名词,意为“惊奇诧异”;做及物动词,意为“使人惊奇,使感到意外”。 to one's surprise使某人感到惊讶的是;in surprise惊讶地,惊奇地(修饰谓语)。 使我惊讶的是,他们输了!To my surprise,they lost! 你真使我惊讶。You surprise me. 那两个女孩惊奇地看着对方。The two girls looked at each other in surprise. 考点拓展(1)surprised感到吃惊的。be surprised to do sth.表示“对做某事感到惊讶”;be surprised at sth.表示“对某事感到惊讶”。以上结构都是人做主语。 He was surprised to find the girl was blind.他惊讶地发现这个女孩是个盲人。 I was surprised at seeing him there.在那里看见他,我感到很惊讶。 (2)surprising表示某物或某事本身令人惊讶,物做主语或 surprising在句中做定语。 They were surprised to hear the surprising news.听到这个令人惊奇的消息,他们很吃惊。 考题预测 —How was your life in England? —Quite different from here.___B___, people there drink tea with milk. A.In my opinion B.To my surprise C.At the beginning 知识点2 argue vi.争论,争吵,争辩 【详解】 argue 表示“争论,争吵,争辩”时,为不及物动词,其常见搭配为:argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵 argue 的常见搭配 argue about/over sth.因··而争论 argue for sth.支持···而争论 argue against sth.反对·而争论 argue with parents 和父母争论 What do you argue about?你们在争论什么? Kids often argue over toys.孩子们经常因玩具而争吵。 He argued for more investment in education.他主张加大对教育的投资。 Some people argue against raising taxes.一些人反对增税。 延伸 argument 为 argue的名词形式,意为“争论;论据”。 She got into an argument with the teacher.她和老师争论了起来。     知识点3 wonder的用法 【详解】 wonder v.想知道;琢磨。→wonder + wonderful adj.精彩的→wonderfully adv.精彩地。 考点拓展 (1)wonder后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时,表委婉地请求或疑问。wonder后接that引导的宾语从句时,表示“感到惊讶”。 我不知道你是否能帮我一下。I wonder if you would mind giving me a hand. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。I wonder that she has won the race. (2)wonder做可数名词,表示“奇迹;奇观”。 中考链接 -Excuse me. I wonder ___A___ the plane can land on time. -Wait a minute, please. Let me check it out. A. if B. which C. that 知识点4 worry的用法 【详解】 worry做动词,意为“担心,烦恼”,短语worry about意为“担心…,为……感到忧虑”,相当于be worried about,后接名词/代词做宾语。worry about中的worry 为动词,be worried about中的worried为形容词。 不要担心我的前途。Don't worry about my future. 我为你的健康担心。I am worried about your health. 中考链接 -Every time the exam is over, I will ___C___ the result. -Take it easy! Grades are not our whole life. A. be proud of B. be good at C. be worried about 知识点5 control vt.指挥,控制,掌管 n.管理权,控制权 【详解】 (1) control作及物动词,意为“指挥,控制,掌管”,后面常接名词或代词作宾语。 It might be a good idea to control your anger first.先控制好你的怒气,这或许是个好主意。 The pilot managed to control the plane in the storm.飞行员在暴风雨中设法控制住了飞机。 (2)control还可作名词,意为“管理权,控制权”,其常见搭配为: in control控制,掌管 under control处于控制之下 out of control失去控制 They feel in control of their bodies.他们觉得全然掌控了自己的身体。 The situation is under control.局势已经得到控制。A truck ran out of control on the hill.一辆卡车在山上失去了控制。 知识点6 "sb.+find (s)+it+adj.+to dosth.”句型 【详解】 “sb.+find(s)+it+adj.+to do sth.”意为“某人感到/认为/觉得做某事是···的”,其中it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式(短语)。 该句型可与“sb.+find(s)+it's+adj.+to do sth.”进行同义句转换。可替换为it's At first, Li finds it hard to understand her neighbours' traditional way of thinking.起初,李觉得很难理解邻居们的传统思维方式。 延伸 feel、make、think 等词也可以用于这一句型中。I feel it important to communicate with others.我感觉与他人沟通很重要。 知识点7 compare vt.比较,对比 【详解】 compare作动词,表示“比较,对比”,其常见搭配为: (1)compare..with/to.表示“将··和···对比/比较”; (2)compare.to..表示“把··比作···”。Some teenagers often compare themselves with their peers.一些青少年常常将自己与同龄人作比较。 We often compare a teacher to a candle.我们常把老师比作蜡烛。 延伸 compared with/to.意为“和·相比”,为过去分词短语,在句中作状语。 Compared with poems, stories usually have longe rpassages.与诗相比,故事通常篇幅更长。 知识点8 try的用法 【详解】 try doing sth.“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。而try to do sth.意为“努力或尽力去做某事”,否定形式为try not to do sth.。 他们试着做一个飞机模型。They tried making a model plane. 他努力解出难题。He tried to work out the problem. 考点拓展 try/do one's best尽某人最大努力;try/do one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事。 I will try my best to help the people in trouble.我会尽最大努力去帮助那些身处困境的人们。 中考链接 -I didn't hear you come in just now. -That's good. I tried the ___B___ baby up. A. to wake B. not to wake C. waking 知识点9 notice的用法 【详解】 notice为可数名词,意为“公告牌;通告;布告”。 墙上有些通告。There are some notices on the wall. 考点拓展 notice做动词,意为“注意到;察觉到”。 常用结构如下: (1)notice sb. do sth.注意到某人做了某事,强调动作已经完成。 I noticed him leave the school.我注意到他离开学校了。 (2)notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。 I notice Mr. Wang entering his office.我注意到王先生正在走进办公室。 (3)be noticed to do sth.被注意到做了某事(被动语态)。 She was noticed to enter the office.有人看见她走进办公室了。 (4)notice sth. done注意到某事被做。 I noticed the glass broken.我注意到玻璃杯被弄碎了。 知识点10 while的用法 【详解】 while做连词,表示“在.…..期间;当…...的时候”。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。while 用于表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比。 妈妈在看电视的时候,我在写信。I was writing a letter while Mom was watching TV. 我读的时候,请写下来。Please write while I read. 考点拓展 when意为“当…...的时候”,引导从句可以表示瞬间动作,也可指一段时间。主句和从句的动作可以同时发生(即:所在句的动作发生时,另一动作正在进行),也可以先后发生。when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。 I was having the piano lesson when he came in.当他进来时,我正在上钢琴课。 He was playing football outside when it began to rain.他正在外面踢足球,这时开始下起雨来。 中考链接 Mr Black walked around and offered help ___A___ we were doing an experiment. A. while B. although C. until D. unless 知识点11although的用法 【详解】 although=though意为“虽然;尽管;即使”,引导让步状语从句。 尽管天气很冷,但他还是没有穿大衣就出去了。Although/Though it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat. 中考特殊考点 although/though这两个词都不能与but 连用,即用了although/though 就不能再用but。不过although 仍可以与yet/still一起使用。 他虽然上了年纪,但还是十分强壮。 误:Although he is very old, but he is quite strong. 正:Although he is very old, he is quite strong. 正:Although he is very old, yet /still he is quite strong. 正:He is very old, but he is quite strong. 考点拓展 even though/if即使,尽管。 考题预测 ___A___ it was very cold, ______ my friend still went swimming in the river this morning. A. Although;/ B. Although;but C. But;although D. /;although 知识点12 refuse的用法 【详解】 refuse动词,意为“拒绝”,后可接名词、代词或不定式做宾语,不可以接动名词做宾语。 She refused their invitation.她拒绝了他们的邀请。 Vivian拒绝送她的孩子去周末训练中心参加额外的课程培训。Vivian refuses to send her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes. 考点拓展 refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”。 He refused to listen to the old man's counsel.他拒不听从老人的忠告。 中考链接 -I offered Sandy a helping hand. However, she ___C___ it. -Maybe she can manage herself. A. received B. returned C. refused D. rewarded 知识点13 mistake的用法 【详解】 mistake名词,意为“错误;过失”。 这个男孩犯了一个严重的错误。The boy made a serious mistake. 考点拓展 mistake 名词 过失;错误 by mistake弄错,错误地 make mistakes犯错误 动词 弄错, 误解, 把…… 误认为 mistake...for...把……误认为…… He took the umbrella by mistake.他错拿了那把雨伞。 Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, let's give him a chance.既然很多人在一生中都会犯错误,就给他一个(改过的)机会吧。 I often mistake Tom for his brother.我经常误把汤姆当成他弟弟。 · Excuse me, sir. Are you sure the umbrella in your hand belongs to you? -Oh, sorry .I took it .___C___. Mine is over there under the chair. A. at once B. on time C. by mistake D. in all 知识点14 promise的用法 【详解】 promise做名词意为“承诺;诺言”,make promises to sb.意为“对某人许诺”。 他经常对老师承诺能按时完成作业。He often makes promises to his teacher that he can finish the homework on time. 考点拓展 promise做动词,意为“允诺;答应”,后接名词、代词、不定式或that从句。 promise 名词 make promises许诺 keep one's promise遵守诺言 动词 promise to do sth.许诺做某事 promise sb. sth.= promise sth.to sb.许诺某人某事/物 promise sb.to do sth.许诺/答应某人做某事 The old man always keeps his promise.那个老人总是遵守他的诺言。 She promised to do the translation for you.她允诺帮你做翻译。 He promised me to be here at six o'clock.他答应我他将在六点来这里。 中考链接 -It's useless to regret what has been done. Don't make those mistakes again. -I won't. That's a(n) ___C___ . 二、语法点清单 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”。除此之外,过去进行时还可以和when、while、as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用,构成复合句。 一.过去进行时的各种句式 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+ 现在分词+其他. I was helping my father in the garden at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我正在花园里帮爸爸干活。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+现在分词+其他. I wasn't drawing at four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午四点我没有画画。 一般疑 问句  Was/Were+主语+ 现在分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答:No, 主 语+wasn't/weren't. —Were you doing housework then?那个时候你在做家务吗? —Yes, I was./No, I wasn't.是的,我在做。/不,我没在做。 特殊疑 问句  特殊疑问词(不作 主语)+was/were+ 主语+现在分词+其他? What were you reading this morning?今天早上你在读什么? 特殊疑问词(作主语)+was/were+现在分词+其他? Who was playing basketball here at eight last night?昨天晚上八点谁在这里打篮球了? 二.过去进行时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与then、at this/that time yesterday、at that moment、at ten o'clock yesterday等时间状语连用 —What were you doing at seven last night?昨晚七点你在做什么? —I was watching TV.我在看电视。 表示过去某段时间内一直持续进行的动作,常与the whole morning、“from+时间点+to+时间点+last night”等时间状语连用 We were waiting for you the whole morning.我们一整个早上都在等你。 在讲故事的语境中,用来描绘一幅景象 It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它正坐在树上,朝着大家微笑。 注意 过去进行时与一般过去时 时态 区别 过去进行时 强调过去某一时刻或某一时段内正在进行或持续的动作 一般过去时 表示过去的时间里所发生的动作,且动作往往已经完成 I was reading a book that evening. 那天晚上我在读书。 I read a book that evening. 那天晚上我读了一本书。 三.when引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 when引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)when引导的时间状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语可以用非延续性动词,也可以用延续性动词。 It was raining when he reached Zhengzhou. 当他到郑州时正在下雨。 Someone called my name when I was waiting for the bus.我正在等公共汽车时,有人叫了我的名字。 (2)在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。 I was listening to music when you called me.我正在听音乐,你(突然)给我打电话了。 We were dancing when a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞,一个陌生人(突然)走了进来。 这种情况下也可以用while表达,但不强调突然性。 While we were dancing, a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。(只表明事实,不强调突然性) 四.while引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)通常while所引导的时间状语只指时间段,因此在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。 Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking.我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人敲门。 (2)当从句和主句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,且都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导从句。 My father was teaching me to play chess while my mother was correcting her students' homework.我妈妈在批改她的学生的家庭作业时,我爸爸在教我下国际象棋。 三、写作清单 本单元的主题是“情感和情绪”,要求学生用所学词汇和句型表达自己的感受、描述自己成长过程中遇到的情绪问题或针对他人的情绪问题提出建议。与此相关的写作维度包括:①介绍情绪问题(自信问题、和家长沟通的问题等);②针对这类问题总结自己的经验或提出建议。中考文段表达中与此相关的命题形式通常有回复邮件/信件和投稿分享等。 写作实例   假定你是李华,最近你的朋友Tony在与父母相处的过程中出现了沟通不畅的问题。他心情不佳,来信寻求你的帮助,请你给他写一封不少于50词的回信。 提示词语:communication problem, get along well with, put oneself in one's shoes, instead of 内容提示:·Comfort your friend. ·Give advice. Dear Tony, I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 审题指导 1.体裁:应用文(书信)    2.时态:以一般现在时为主     3.人称:以第一人称为主 4.必备词句:①put oneself in one's shoes 设身处地; ②prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事; ③Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart instead of a method to solve the problem. 除此以外,当我们向父母倾诉自己的烦恼时,我们通常渴望得到倾听者的倾听和一颗敞开的心扉,而不是一个解决问题的方法。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Dear Tony, I'm sorry to hear about your communication problems in getting along well with your parents, but I understand how you feel since I've had similar problems before. Here are my suggestions and I hope things can get better soon. First, let's put ourselves in their shoes. Parents love us and often try to prevent us from making mistakes, so understanding each other matters a lot in improving the family relationship.Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart instead of a method to solve the problem. Therefore, what you need to do is telling them about this honestly and trust them. I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit3 Feelings and Emotions 单词 1. adj.惊奇的,惊讶的 2. adj.厌倦的,烦闷的 3. adj.担心的,担忧的,发愁的 4. vi.争论,争吵,争辩 5. n.礼物,礼品;目前,现在adj.现存的,当前的 6. vt.&vi.容忍,忍受;站立,直立 7. adj.可怜的,不幸的;贫穷的 8. vt.& vi.了解,体谅;懂,理解;认识到 9. vt.解决,处理;解答,破解 10. vt.& vi.大声说;斥责;呼叫,喊叫 11. vt.指挥,控制,掌管n.管理权,控制权 12. n.怒,怒火,怒气 13. n.强烈的感情,激情,情感,情绪 14. adj.难过,不高兴,沮丧v.使烦恼,使心烦意乱 15. adj.普通的,平常的,一般的,平凡的 16. conj.在··期间,当···的时候;虽然,尽管 17. n.情感,感情;感觉,感触 18. adv.迅速地,快速地 19. adj.身体的,肉体的;客观存在的,现实的 20. n.关系,联系 21. vt.比较,对比 22. adj.符合事实的,确实的 23. vi.成功 24. adv.很可能,大概 25. n.外貌,外观,外表 26. n.性格,个性,人格 27. adj.好交际的,合群的,友好的 28. adj.滑稽有趣的,有幽默感的 29. vt.& vi.想知道,想弄明白;感到诧异,非常惊讶 30. adv.像...一样,如同 conj.当···时,随着;正如 31. adj.使人不舒服的,令人不舒适的 32. vt.& vi.注意到,意识到 33. adj.积极乐观的,正面的 34. adj.消极的,负面的 35. vt.&vi.拒绝,回绝 36. conj.虽然,尽管,即使 37. conj.在任何··的时候,无论何时,在任何··的情况下 38. n.错误,失误 39. n.安慰,慰藉;舒服,安逸 v.安慰;抚慰 40. n.心理压力,紧张 41. vt.&vi.许诺,承诺,保证n.诺言,许诺,承诺 42. adj.压力重的,紧张的 短语 1.对……感到兴奋 be about 2.害怕…… be of 3.对……失望 be with 4.为……感到自豪 be of 5.生某人的气 be with sb. 6.使某人振作起来 sb. up 7.冷静下来 down 8.迫不及待做某事 can't to do sth. 9.与……分享…… ... with... 10.对……有耐心 be with 11.be about 对……狂热 12. into tears 突然大哭 13.in a good 心情好 14.feel 情绪低落 15.look to 期待 16. about 关心;在意 17. friends with 和……交朋友 18.give sb. a 给某人一个拥抱 19.have a with sb. 和某人聊天 20. one's feelings 表达某人的感受 21. on to 抓紧,不放开 22. singer 主唱 23. sb. mad 让某人受不了 24. and downs 浮沉,兴衰,荣辱 词性变化 1.rapidly adv.→ adj.迅速的 2.humorous adj.→ n.幽默 3.surprised adj.→ n.惊奇;惊讶 4.personality n.→ adj.个人的 5.stressful adj.→ n.压力 6.happy(副词) → 7.sad(名词) → 8.anger(形容词) → 9.frighten(形容词)→ 10.tire(形容词) → 11.worry(形容词) → 12.smile(过去式) → 13.cry(过去式) → 14.feel(过去式) → 15.express(名词)→ 句型 1.As teenagers, we often find hard to understand and our emotions.作为青少年,我们常常发现理解和控制自己的情绪很难。 2.While she was for her geography test the next day, her sister was TV with the sound loud. 当她准备第二天的地理考试时,她的妹妹正在看电视,声音很大。 3.We may also on to our for a long time. Sometimes we try to hide our feelings too. 我们的情绪可能也会持续很长时间,有时我们也会试图隐藏自己的感受。 4.These physical changes cause ups and .这些身体上的变化会引起情绪的起伏。 5.At school,while Jenny was in class. she looked and . "Why can't I be as tall as Alice? Why can't I be John? 在学校,珍妮坐在教室里,她环顾四周,心里想:“为什么我不能像爱丽丝一样高?为什么我不能像约翰一样高? 6.As teenagers grow, their bodies change, and so does the way they about themselves, like their appearance and . 随着青少年的成长,他们的身体发生了变化,他们对自己感觉的方式也发生了变化,比如他们的外表和性格。 7.Jenny wasn't just herself her classmates 珍妮不只是拿自己和同学比较, 8.They liked her and , as well as how she felt about herself. 他们喜欢她的性格和自信,以及她对自己的感觉。 9.Whenever we have a problem friends. it's not helpful to be . The best way to solve it is to talk to them.每当我和朋友之间有矛盾的时候,情绪化是无济于事的,最好的解决方法就是和他们好好谈谈。 语法 过去进行时 一、知识点清单 知识点1 surprise的用法 【详解】 surprise做名词,意为“惊奇诧异”;做及物动词,意为“使人惊奇,使感到意外”。 to one's surprise使某人感到惊讶的是;in surprise惊讶地,惊奇地(修饰谓语)。 使我惊讶的是,他们输了!To my surprise,they lost! 你真使我惊讶。You surprise me. 那两个女孩惊奇地看着对方。The two girls looked at each other in surprise. 考点拓展(1)surprised感到吃惊的。be surprised to do sth.表示“对做某事感到惊讶”;be surprised at sth.表示“对某事感到惊讶”。以上结构都是人做主语。 He was surprised to find the girl was blind.他惊讶地发现这个女孩是个盲人。 I was surprised at seeing him there.在那里看见他,我感到很惊讶。 (2)surprising表示某物或某事本身令人惊讶,物做主语或 surprising在句中做定语。 They were surprised to hear the surprising news.听到这个令人惊奇的消息,他们很吃惊。 考题预测 —How was your life in England? —Quite different from here.______, people there drink tea with milk. A.In my opinion B.To my surprise C.At the beginning 知识点2 argue vi.争论,争吵,争辩 【详解】 argue 表示“争论,争吵,争辩”时,为不及物动词,其常见搭配为:argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵 argue 的常见搭配 argue about/over sth.因··而争论 argue for sth.支持···而争论 argue against sth.反对·而争论 argue with parents 和父母争论 What do you argue about?你们在争论什么? Kids often argue over toys.孩子们经常因玩具而争吵。 He argued for more investment in education.他主张加大对教育的投资。 Some people argue against raising taxes.一些人反对增税。 延伸 argument 为 argue的名词形式,意为“争论;论据”。 She got into an argument with the teacher.她和老师争论了起来。     知识点3 wonder的用法 【详解】 wonder v.想知道;琢磨。→wonder + wonderful adj.精彩的→wonderfully adv.精彩地。 考点拓展 (1)wonder后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时,表委婉地请求或疑问。wonder后接that引导的宾语从句时,表示“感到惊讶”。 我不知道你是否能帮我一下。I wonder if you would mind giving me a hand. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。I wonder that she has won the race. (2)wonder做可数名词,表示“奇迹;奇观”。 中考链接 -Excuse me. I wonder ______ the plane can land on time. -Wait a minute, please. Let me check it out. A. if B. which C. that 知识点4 worry的用法 【详解】 worry做动词,意为“担心,烦恼”,短语worry about意为“担心…,为……感到忧虑”,相当于be worried about,后接名词/代词做宾语。worry about中的worry 为动词,be worried about中的worried为形容词。 不要担心我的前途。Don't worry about my future. 我为你的健康担心。I am worried about your health. 中考链接 -Every time the exam is over, I will ______ the result. -Take it easy! Grades are not our whole life. A. be proud of B. be good at C. be worried about 知识点5 control vt.指挥,控制,掌管 n.管理权,控制权 【详解】 (1) control作及物动词,意为“指挥,控制,掌管”,后面常接名词或代词作宾语。 It might be a good idea to control your anger first.先控制好你的怒气,这或许是个好主意。 The pilot managed to control the plane in the storm.飞行员在暴风雨中设法控制住了飞机。 (2)control还可作名词,意为“管理权,控制权”,其常见搭配为: in control控制,掌管 under control处于控制之下 out of control失去控制 They feel in control of their bodies.他们觉得全然掌控了自己的身体。 The situation is under control.局势已经得到控制。A truck ran out of control on the hill.一辆卡车在山上失去了控制。 知识点6 "sb.+find (s)+it+adj.+to dosth.”句型 【详解】 “sb.+find(s)+it+adj.+to do sth.”意为“某人感到/认为/觉得做某事是···的”,其中it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式(短语)。 该句型可与“sb.+find(s)+it's+adj.+to do sth.”进行同义句转换。可替换为it's At first, Li finds it hard to understand her neighbours' traditional way of thinking.起初,李觉得很难理解邻居们的传统思维方式。 延伸 feel、make、think 等词也可以用于这一句型中。I feel it important to communicate with others.我感觉与他人沟通很重要。 知识点7 compare vt.比较,对比 【详解】 compare作动词,表示“比较,对比”,其常见搭配为: (1)compare..with/to.表示“将··和···对比/比较”; (2)compare.to..表示“把··比作···”。Some teenagers often compare themselves with their peers.一些青少年常常将自己与同龄人作比较。 We often compare a teacher to a candle.我们常把老师比作蜡烛。 延伸 compared with/to.意为“和·相比”,为过去分词短语,在句中作状语。 Compared with poems, stories usually have longe rpassages.与诗相比,故事通常篇幅更长。 知识点8 try的用法 【详解】 try doing sth.“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。而try to do sth.意为“努力或尽力去做某事”,否定形式为try not to do sth.。 他们试着做一个飞机模型。They tried making a model plane. 他努力解出难题。He tried to work out the problem. 考点拓展 try/do one's best尽某人最大努力;try/do one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事。 I will try my best to help the people in trouble.我会尽最大努力去帮助那些身处困境的人们。 中考链接 -I didn't hear you come in just now. -That's good. I tried the ______ baby up. A. to wake B. not to wake C. waking 知识点9 notice的用法 【详解】 notice为可数名词,意为“公告牌;通告;布告”。 墙上有些通告。There are some notices on the wall. 考点拓展 notice做动词,意为“注意到;察觉到”。 常用结构如下: (1)notice sb. do sth.注意到某人做了某事,强调动作已经完成。 I noticed him leave the school.我注意到他离开学校了。 (2)notice sb. doing sth.注意到某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。 I notice Mr. Wang entering his office.我注意到王先生正在走进办公室。 (3)be noticed to do sth.被注意到做了某事(被动语态)。 She was noticed to enter the office.有人看见她走进办公室了。 (4)notice sth. done注意到某事被做。 I noticed the glass broken.我注意到玻璃杯被弄碎了。 知识点10 while的用法 【详解】 while做连词,表示“在.…..期间;当…...的时候”。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。while 用于表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比。 妈妈在看电视的时候,我在写信。I was writing a letter while Mom was watching TV. 我读的时候,请写下来。Please write while I read. 考点拓展 when意为“当…...的时候”,引导从句可以表示瞬间动作,也可指一段时间。主句和从句的动作可以同时发生(即:所在句的动作发生时,另一动作正在进行),也可以先后发生。when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。 I was having the piano lesson when he came in.当他进来时,我正在上钢琴课。 He was playing football outside when it began to rain.他正在外面踢足球,这时开始下起雨来。 中考链接 Mr Black walked around and offered help ______ we were doing an experiment. A. while B. although C. until D. unless 知识点11although的用法 【详解】 although=though意为“虽然;尽管;即使”,引导让步状语从句。 尽管天气很冷,但他还是没有穿大衣就出去了。Although/Though it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat. 中考特殊考点 although/though这两个词都不能与but 连用,即用了although/though 就不能再用but。不过although 仍可以与yet/still一起使用。 他虽然上了年纪,但还是十分强壮。 误:Although he is very old, but he is quite strong. 正:Although he is very old, he is quite strong. 正:Although he is very old, yet /still he is quite strong. 正:He is very old, but he is quite strong. 考点拓展 even though/if即使,尽管。 考题预测 ______ it was very cold, ______ my friend still went swimming in the river this morning. A. Although;/ B. Although;but C. But;although D. /;although 知识点12 refuse的用法 【详解】 refuse动词,意为“拒绝”,后可接名词、代词或不定式做宾语,不可以接动名词做宾语。 She refused their invitation.她拒绝了他们的邀请。 Vivian拒绝送她的孩子去周末训练中心参加额外的课程培训。Vivian refuses to send her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes. 考点拓展 refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”。 He refused to listen to the old man's counsel.他拒不听从老人的忠告。 中考链接 -I offered Sandy a helping hand. However, she ______ it. -Maybe she can manage herself. A. received B. returned C. refused D. rewarded 知识点13 mistake的用法 【详解】 mistake名词,意为“错误;过失”。 这个男孩犯了一个严重的错误。The boy made a serious mistake. 考点拓展 mistake 名词 过失;错误 by mistake弄错,错误地 make mistakes犯错误 动词 弄错, 误解, 把…… 误认为 mistake...for...把……误认为…… He took the umbrella by mistake.他错拿了那把雨伞。 Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, let's give him a chance.既然很多人在一生中都会犯错误,就给他一个(改过的)机会吧。 I often mistake Tom for his brother.我经常误把汤姆当成他弟弟。 · Excuse me, sir. Are you sure the umbrella in your hand belongs to you? -Oh, sorry .I took it .______. Mine is over there under the chair. A. at once B. on time C. by mistake D. in all 知识点14 promise的用法 【详解】 promise做名词意为“承诺;诺言”,make promises to sb.意为“对某人许诺”。 他经常对老师承诺能按时完成作业。He often makes promises to his teacher that he can finish the homework on time. 考点拓展 promise做动词,意为“允诺;答应”,后接名词、代词、不定式或that从句。 promise 名词 make promises许诺 keep one's promise遵守诺言 动词 promise to do sth.许诺做某事 promise sb. sth.= promise sth.to sb.许诺某人某事/物 promise sb.to do sth.许诺/答应某人做某事 The old man always keeps his promise.那个老人总是遵守他的诺言。 She promised to do the translation for you.她允诺帮你做翻译。 He promised me to be here at six o'clock.他答应我他将在六点来这里。 中考链接 -It's useless to regret what has been done. Don't make those mistakes again. -I won't. That's a(n) ______ . 二、语法点清单 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”。除此之外,过去进行时还可以和when、while、as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用,构成复合句。 一.过去进行时的各种句式 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+ 现在分词+其他. I my father in the garden at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我正在花园里帮爸爸干活。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+现在分词+其他. I at four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午四点我没有画画。 一般疑 问句  Was/Were+主语+ 现在分词+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答:No, 主 语+wasn't/weren't. — you housework then?那个时候你在做家务吗? —Yes, I was./No, I wasn't.是的,我在做。/不,我没在做。 特殊疑 问句  特殊疑问词(不作 主语)+was/were+ 主语+现在分词+其他? you reading this morning?今天早上你在读什么? 特殊疑问词(作主语)+was/were+现在分词+其他? Who basketball here at eight last night?昨天晚上八点谁在这里打篮球了? 二.过去进行时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与then、at this/that time yesterday、at that moment、at ten o'clock yesterday等时间状语连用 — were you at seven last night?昨晚七点你在做什么? —I was watching TV.我在看电视。 表示过去某段时间内一直持续进行的动作,常与the whole morning、“from+时间点+to+时间点+last night”等时间状语连用 We for you the whole morning.我们一整个早上都在等你。 在讲故事的语境中,用来描绘一幅景象 It in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它正坐在树上,朝着大家微笑。 注意 过去进行时与一般过去时 时态 区别 过去进行时 强调过去某一时刻或某一时段内正在进行或持续的动作 一般过去时 表示过去的时间里所发生的动作,且动作往往已经完成 I was reading a book that evening. 那天晚上我在读书。 I read a book that evening. 那天晚上我读了一本书。 三.when引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 when引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)when引导的时间状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语可以用非延续性动词,也可以用延续性动词。 It was raining when he Zhengzhou. 当他到郑州时正在下雨。 Someone called my name when I for the bus.我正在等公共汽车时,有人叫了我的名字。 (2)在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。 I was listening to music when you me.我正在听音乐,你(突然)给我打电话了。 We were dancing when a stranger in.我们正跳着舞,一个陌生人(突然)走了进来。 这种情况下也可以用while表达,但不强调突然性。 While we were dancing, a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。(只表明事实,不强调突然性) 四.while引导的从句与过去进行时连用   一般情况下,while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)通常while所引导的时间状语只指时间段,因此在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。 Someone knocked at the door while my mother .我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人敲门。 (2)当从句和主句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,且都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导从句。 My father was teaching me to play chess while my mother her students' homework.我妈妈在批改她的学生的家庭作业时,我爸爸在教我下国际象棋。 三、写作清单 本单元的主题是“情感和情绪”,要求学生用所学词汇和句型表达自己的感受、描述自己成长过程中遇到的情绪问题或针对他人的情绪问题提出建议。与此相关的写作维度包括:①介绍情绪问题(自信问题、和家长沟通的问题等);②针对这类问题总结自己的经验或提出建议。中考文段表达中与此相关的命题形式通常有回复邮件/信件和投稿分享等。 写作实例   假定你是李华,最近你的朋友Tony在与父母相处的过程中出现了沟通不畅的问题。他心情不佳,来信寻求你的帮助,请你给他写一封不少于50词的回信。 提示词语:communication problem, get along well with, put oneself in one's shoes, instead of 内容提示:·Comfort your friend. ·Give advice. Dear Tony, I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 审题指导 1.体裁:应用文(书信)    2.时态:以一般现在时为主     3.人称:以第一人称为主 4.必备词句:①put oneself in one's shoes 设身处地; ②prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事; ③Besides, when we share our problems with them, we often look for a listening ear and an open heart instead of a method to solve the problem. 除此以外,当我们向父母倾诉自己的烦恼时,我们通常渴望得到倾听者的倾听和一颗敞开的心扉,而不是一个解决问题的方法。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Dear Tony, I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. I wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语北师大版2024八年级上册
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Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语北师大版2024八年级上册
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Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions(知识清单)英语北师大版2024八年级上册
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