内容正文:
沪教版 必修3 Unit 2 The things around us. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词/短语
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
flood /flʌd/ v.(使)充斥,充满;n. 洪水(延伸义)
N/A
1. flood sth. with sth. 用……充斥……2. flood in 大量涌入
After the advertisement was released, orders flooded in from all over the country.(广告发布后,订单从全国各地大量涌入。)
2
cotton /ˈkɒtn/ n. 棉;棉花;棉布
cotton adj. 棉制的
1. cotton cloth 棉布2. cotton clothes 棉质衣服
This shirt is made of pure cotton, so it feels very comfortable.(这件衬衫是纯棉的,摸起来很舒服。)
3
guy /ɡaɪ/ n. 男人;小伙子;家伙
N/A
N/A(日常口语用词,无固定搭配)
The guy standing at the door is my new colleague.(站在门口的那个男人是我的新同事。)
4
insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫(身体分三部分、有六条腿的小生物)
N/A
1. harmful insects 害虫2. beneficial insects 益虫
Bees are beneficial insects that help plants produce fruit.(蜜蜂是帮助植物结果的益虫。)
5
sweat /swet/ v. 出汗;流汗;n. 汗
sweaty adj. 出汗的;汗湿的
1. sweat a lot 流很多汗2. wipe sweat 擦汗
He sweated a lot after running for half an hour.(跑了半小时后,他出了很多汗。)
6
port /pɔːt/ n. 港口;避风港(船只装卸货物或躲避暴风雨的地方)
N/A
1. coastal port 沿海港口2. port city 港口城市
Shanghai is one of the busiest ports in China.(上海是中国最繁忙的港口之一。)
7
discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ n. 折扣(商品原价减去的金额)
N/A
discount on sth. 某物的折扣
The store offers a 20% discount on all clothes this weekend.(这家店本周末所有衣服都打八折。)
8
iron /ˈaɪən/ v.(用熨斗)熨,烫平;n. 熨斗
ironed adj. 熨烫平整的
1. iron clothes 熨衣服2. electric iron 电熨斗
She spent ten minutes ironing her dress before the party.(派对前,她花了十分钟熨连衣裙。)
9
export /ˈekspɔːt/ n. 出口;输出;/ɪkˈspɔːt/ v. 出口;输出
exportation n. 出口;输出
export sth. to sp. 把某物出口到某地
This country exports a large amount of tea to Europe every year.(这个国家每年向欧洲出口大量茶叶。)
10
hesitate /ˈhezɪteɪt/ v.(对某事)犹豫,迟疑不决(因不确定或紧张而迟缓)
hesitation n. 犹豫;迟疑
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
Don't hesitate to ask for help if you have any problems.(如果你有任何问题,别犹豫,尽管求助。)
11
cash /kæʃ/ n. 现金(硬币或纸币形式的钱);v. 兑现(延伸义)
cashless adj. 无现金的
1. pay in cash 用现金支付2. cash a check 兑现支票
The old man prefers to pay in cash rather than use a mobile phone.(这位老人更喜欢用现金支付,而不是用手机。)
12
profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ v. 获益;得到好处;n. 利润;收益;赢利
profitable adj. 盈利的;有益的
1. profit from 从……获益2. make a profit 盈利
We can profit a lot from reading classic books.(阅读经典书籍能让我们获益良多。)
13
living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ n. 生计;谋生;收入;adj. 活着的;活的
livelihood n. 生计;谋生手段
1. make a living 谋生2. living conditions 生活条件
His father makes a living by repairing cars.(他父亲靠修车谋生。)
14
wine /waɪn/ n. 葡萄酒(由葡萄汁制成的含酒精饮品)
N/A
1. red wine 红葡萄酒2. white wine 白葡萄酒
They drank a bottle of red wine with their dinner.(他们晚餐时喝了一瓶红葡萄酒。)
15
jeans /dʒiːnz/ n. 牛仔裤;粗斜纹棉布裤(常用复数)
N/A
a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤
She bought a new pair of jeans yesterday.(她昨天买了一条新牛仔裤。)
16
economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的;经济学的(与国家、地区的贸易、工业和财富相关)
1. economy n. 经济2. economically adv. 经济上;在经济方面
1. economic growth 经济增长2. economic crisis 经济危机
The government has taken measures to promote economic growth.(政府已采取措施促进经济增长。)
17
involve /ɪnˈvɒlv/ v. 包含;需要;使成为必然部分(或结果)
involvement n. 参与;卷入
1. involve doing sth. 包含做某事2. be involved in 参与……
This job involves working with people from different countries.(这份工作需要与来自不同国家的人合作。)
18
income /ˈɪnkʌm/ n. 收入;收益;所得(来自工作、投资、生意等的钱)
N/A
1. monthly income 月收入2. personal income 个人收入
His monthly income is enough to support his family.(他的月收入足够养家。)
19
treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 处理;讨论;治疗(延伸义)
treat v. 对待;治疗
1. treatment of sth. 对……的处理2. medical treatment 医疗治疗
The treatment of this problem requires careful planning.(处理这个问题需要周密的计划。)
20
quantity /ˈkwɒntəti/ n. 数量(某物的量或数)
quantitative adj. 定量的;数量的
1. a large quantity of 大量的(后接可数/不可数名词)2. quantity of 数量
The factory needs a large quantity of raw materials every month.(这家工厂每月需要大量原材料。)
21
kit /kɪt/ n. 全套衣服及装备;成套工具;成套设备
N/A
1. first-aid kit 急救箱2. sports kit 运动装备
You should keep a first-aid kit in your car in case of emergency.(你应该在车里放一个急救箱,以防紧急情况。)
22
gym /dʒɪm/ n. 健身房;体育馆(有体育锻炼设备的房间或大厅,如学校里的)
N/A
1. go to the gym 去健身房2. gym equipment 健身器材
He goes to the gym three times a week to keep fit.(他每周去三次健身房保持健康。)
23
breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸的空气(吸入肺再呼出的空气)
1. breathe v. 呼吸2. breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
1. take a deep breath 深呼吸2. out of breath 气喘吁吁
She took a deep breath before giving her speech.(演讲前,她深吸了一口气。)
24
habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n.(动植物的)生活环境;栖息地
N/A
1. natural habitat 自然栖息地2. destroy habitat 破坏栖息地
Deforestation has destroyed the natural habitat of many animals.(森林砍伐破坏了许多动物的自然栖息地。)
25
import /ɪmˈpɔːt/ v. 进口;输入;引进(从他国带入产品、服务或思想)
importation n. 进口;输入
import sth. from sp. 从某地进口某物
This country imports most of its oil from the Middle East.(这个国家大部分石油从中东进口。)
26
replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ v. 代替;取代(替代某物/某人或做某事)
replacement n. 替换;替代品
replace sth. with sth. 用某物代替某物
We should replace plastic bags with reusable ones to protect the environment.(我们应该用环保袋代替塑料袋保护环境。)
27
certify /ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ/ v.(尤指书面)证明;证实(正式声明某事属实)
certificate n. 证书;证明
certify that... 证明……(从句)
The doctor certified that he was fit to return to work.(医生证明他身体状况适合复工。)
28
protest /prəˈtest/ v.(公开)反对;抗议(公开表示不同意或不赞成);n. 抗议(延伸义)
protest n. 抗议(同根名词)
1. protest against 抗议……2. hold a protest 举行抗议活动
Many people took to the streets to protest against the new policy.(许多人上街抗议新政策。)
29
awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 令人尴尬的;使人难堪的
awkwardly adv. 尴尬地;笨拙地
1. awkward situation 尴尬的局面2. feel awkward 感到尴尬
I felt awkward when I realized I had called her by the wrong name.(当我意识到叫错她名字时,我感到很尴尬。)
30
majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分;大多数(群体中最大的部分)
major adj. 主要的;v. 主修
the majority of 大多数……(后接可数名词复数)
The majority of students in this class are from the countryside.(这个班大多数学生来自农村。)
31
smog /smɒɡ/ n. 烟雾(一种空气污染,如烟雾混合物,尤指在城市)
N/A
1. heavy smog 严重的烟雾2. smog alert 烟雾预警
Heavy smog closed several highways in the city yesterday.(昨天严重的烟雾导致该市多条高速公路关闭。)
32
slide /slaɪd/ n. 幻灯片(电子演示文稿的一页,含文字/图片,在电脑屏幕查看或投影);v. 滑动(延伸义)
N/A
1. powerpoint slide 幻灯片2. show slides 展示幻灯片
The teacher used slides to explain the new lesson.(老师用幻灯片讲解新课。)
33
harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ v. 收割(庄稼);n. 丰收(延伸义)
N/A
1. harvest crops 收割庄稼2. autumn harvest 秋收
Farmers are busy harvesting wheat in the fields in June.(六月,农民们忙着在田里收割小麦。)
34
honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜(蜜蜂制造的黄色黏稠甜味物质,像果酱一样涂在面包上)
N/A
1. a jar of honey 一罐蜂蜜2. wild honey 野蜂蜜
She likes to spread honey on toast for breakfast.(她早餐喜欢在吐司上涂蜂蜜。)
35
bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj.(食物等)味苦的;(争论等)激烈而不愉快的,充满愤怒与仇恨的
bitterness n. 苦味;怨恨
1. bitter taste 苦味2. bitter argument 激烈的争论
This medicine has a bitter taste, but it works well.(这药味道苦,但效果好。)
36
flavour /ˈfleɪvə(r)/ n.(食物或饮料的)味道
flavourful adj. 美味的;有味道的
1. strong flavour 浓郁的味道2. natural flavour 天然风味
This soup has a strong tomato flavour.(这汤有浓郁的番茄味。)
37
roast /rəʊst/ v. 烘烤,焙,炒(坚果、豆子等);烘,烤,焙(肉等);adj. 烤的(延伸义)
roasted adj. 烤过的
1. roast chicken 烤鸡肉2. roast nuts 烤坚果
My mother usually roasts a chicken for dinner on Sundays.(我妈妈周日晚餐通常烤鸡肉。)
38
liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. 液体(能自由流动的物质,非固体/气体,如水/油);adj. 液体的
N/A
1. liquid state 液态2. drinkable liquid 可饮用液体
Water is the most common liquid on Earth.(水是地球上最常见的液体。)
39
bar /bɑː(r)/ n.(长方形)条,块;酒吧
N/A
1. a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力2. coffee bar 咖啡馆
She bought a bar of chocolate for her little sister.(她给妹妹买了一块巧克力。)
40
calculate /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ v. 计算;核算(用数字算出总数、金额、距离等)
1. calculation n. 计算2. calculator n. 计算器
calculate sth. 计算某物(如cost, distance)
Can you calculate how much we need to pay for these books?(你能算出这些书我们需要付多少钱吗?)
41
operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 运转;运行;操作;手术(延伸义)
1. operate v. 操作;运转;做手术2. operator n. 操作员;话务员
1. in operation 在运转中;在实施中2. operation of sth. ……的操作
The new machine has been in operation for a month.(这台新机器已经运转一个月了。)
42
advanced /ədˈvɑːnst/ adj. 先进的(有现代或最新发展的思想/方法);(课程)高级的,高等的
advance v. 前进;推进;n. 进步
1. advanced technology 先进技术2. advanced course 高级课程
This company uses advanced technology to produce high-quality products.(这家公司采用先进技术生产高质量产品。)
43
version /ˈvɜːʃn/ n. 变体;变种;型式(某物的略有不同的形式)
N/A
1. different versions 不同版本2. the latest version 最新版本
There are different versions of this story in different countries.(这个故事在不同国家有不同版本。)
44
dozen /ˈdʌzn/ n.(一)打;十二个(同一事物的十二个一组)
dozens of 许多;几十
1. a dozen eggs 一打鸡蛋2. dozens of people 几十个人
She bought two dozen apples from the supermarket.(她从超市买了两打苹果。)
45
accurate /ˈækjərət/ adj. 正确无误的(每个细节都正确真实)
1. accuracy n. 准确性;精确性2. accurately adv. 准确地
1. accurate information 准确的信息2. be accurate in 在……方面准确
You must be accurate in your answers to the exam questions.(考试答题时,你的答案必须准确。)
46
rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. 救援;营救;挽救;获救;v. 营救(延伸义)
rescue v. 营救(同根动词)
1. rescue sb. from 从……营救某人2. carry out a rescue 实施救援
The firefighters rescued three children from the burning building.(消防员从着火的大楼里救出了三个孩子。)
47
application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.(尤指理论、发现等的)应用,运用;申请;请求;申请书
apply v. 申请;应用
1. application for 对……的申请2. application of sth. ……的应用
He submitted an application for the job yesterday.(他昨天提交了这份工作的申请书。)
48
equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n. 设备;器材(特定目的或活动所需的物品,不可数)
N/A
1. sports equipment 运动器材2. medical equipment 医疗设备
The school has bought new sports equipment for the students.(学校为学生购买了新的运动器材。)
49
overseas /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/ adv. 在国外;向海外;adj. 外国的;海外的(与外国相关,尤指隔海的)
N/A
1. study overseas 出国留学2. overseas students 留学生
Many Chinese students choose to study overseas after graduation.(许多中国学生毕业后选择出国留学。)
50
remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的;奇异的;显著的(不寻常或令人惊讶,引人注意)
remarkably adv. 显著地;非常
1. remarkable achievement 非凡的成就2. remarkably good 非常好
Her remarkable achievement in science has won her many awards.(她在科学领域的非凡成就为她赢得了许多奖项。)
51
mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 太空飞行任务;官方使命(尤指派往他国的重要官方工作)
N/A
1. space mission 太空任务2. official mission 官方使命
The astronauts successfully completed their space mission.(宇航员们成功完成了太空任务。)
52
in spite of (短语,prep. 不管;尽管(表示尽管有某事仍做了某事))
N/A
in spite of sth. 尽管某事(后接名词/代词/动名词)
In spite of the heavy rain, they still went to the park.(尽管下着大雨,他们还是去了公园。)
53
chewing gum (短语,n. 口香糖(咀嚼但不吞咽的糖果))
N/A
N/A(名词短语,作宾语)
You are not allowed to chew chewing gum in class.(课堂上不允许嚼口香糖。)
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