Unit 8 Safe and sound.期末同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

译林版 八上 UNIT 8 Safe and sound.期末同步词汇笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 sound /sa nd/ adj. 健康的,无损伤的;safe and sound 安然无恙 (106) 无单复数/比较级/最高级;动词(v. 听起来)过去式:sounded,过去分词:sounded N/A 1. safe and sound 安然无恙;2. sound adj. 健康的 1. They returned from the trip safe and sound. 他们旅行平安归来。2. The old tree looks still sound. 这棵老树看起来依然健康。 2 emergency / 'm d nsi/ n. 紧急情况 (107) 复数:emergencies emerge vi. 出现,浮现 in an emergency 在紧急情况下 1. You should call 120 in an emergency. 紧急情况下你应该拨打120。2. The hospital is ready for any emergency. 这家医院为任何紧急情况做好了准备。 3 situation / s t u'e n/ n. 情况 (107) 复数:situations N/A 1. in a difficult situation 处于困境中;2. the present situation 当前情况 1. We need to change this bad situation. 我们需要改变这种糟糕的情况。2. He explained the situation to his parents. 他向父母解释了情况。 4 heating /'hi t / n. 供暖 (107) 不可数名词,无词形变化 heat v. 加热;n. 热量 central heating 中央供暖 1. The heating in our classroom is broken. 我们教室的供暖坏了。2. We turned on the heating because it was cold. 因为冷,我们打开了供暖。 5 lightning /'la tn / n. 闪电 (107) 不可数名词,无词形变化 lighten v. 使变亮;减轻 1. a flash of lightning 一道闪电;2. during lightning 闪电时 1. A flash of lightning lit up the sky. 一道闪电照亮了天空。2. It’s dangerous to stand under a tree during lightning. 闪电时站在树下很危险。 6 office /' f s/ n. 办公室,办公楼 (107) 复数:offices official adj. 官方的;n. 官员 1. in the office 在办公室里;2. office building 办公楼 1. My father is working in his office now. 我爸爸现在在办公室工作。2. We met at the entrance of the office building. 我们在办公楼门口见了面。 7 homeless /'h ml s/ adj. 无家可归的 (107) 比较级:more homeless;最高级:most homeless home n. 家;v. 回家 homeless people 无家可归的人 1. Many volunteers help homeless people in winter. 冬天很多志愿者帮助无家可归的人。2. The government built houses for homeless families. 政府为无家可归的家庭建了房子。 8 coach /k t / n. 长途汽车 (107) 复数:coaches N/A 1. take a coach 坐长途汽车;2. coach station 长途汽车站 1. We will take a coach to the countryside. 我们会坐长途汽车去乡下。2. The coach arrived at the station on time. 长途汽车准时到达了车站。 9 road /r d/ n. 道路 (107) 复数:roads roadside n. 路边;adj. 路边的 1. on the road 在道路上;2. cross the road 过马路 1. There are many trees on both sides of the road. 道路两旁有很多树。2. Remember to look left and right before crossing the road. 过马路前记得左右看。 10 accident /' ks d nt/ n. 事故 (107) 复数:accidents accidental adj. 意外的,偶然的 1. a traffic accident 交通事故;2. by accident 偶然地 1. He was hurt in a traffic accident yesterday. 他昨天在一场交通事故中受伤了。2. I met my old friend by accident in the park. 我在公园偶然遇到了老朋友。 11 typhoon /ta 'fu n/ n. 台风 (107) 复数:typhoons N/A during a typhoon 在台风期间 1. We stayed at home during the strong typhoon. 强台风期间我们待在了家里。2. A typhoon will bring heavy rain and strong wind. 台风会带来大雨和大风。 12 terrible /'ter bl/ adj. 可怕的 (107) 比较级:more terrible;最高级:most terrible terribly adv. 可怕地;非常 a terrible accident 一场可怕的事故 1. The terrible fire destroyed the small town. 可怕的大火摧毁了这个小镇。2. She felt terrible after hearing the bad news. 听到坏消息后她感觉很糟糕。 13 state /ste t/ n. 状态,情况 (107) 复数:states N/A 1. in a good state 处于良好状态;2. the state of health 健康状况 1. The machine is in a good working state. 这台机器处于良好的工作状态。2. She told the doctor about her state of health. 她把自己的健康状况告诉了医生。 14 fireman /'fa m n/ n. (pl. firemen) 消防员 (107) 复数:firemen fire n. 火;v. 着火 1. a team of firemen 一队消防员;2. fireman’s job 消防员的工作 1. Firemen arrived quickly to put out the fire. 消防员迅速赶到扑灭了火。2. His dream is to be a fireman when he grows up. 他的梦想是长大后当一名消防员。 15 traffic /'tr f k/ n. 交通 (107) 不可数名词,无词形变化 traffic adj. 交通的(如traffic lights) 1. heavy traffic 交通拥堵;2. traffic rules 交通规则 1. There is always heavy traffic in the city center. 市中心的交通总是很拥堵。2. Everyone should follow the traffic rules. 每个人都应该遵守交通规则。 16 slight /sla t/ adj. 轻微的 (108) 比较级:slighter;最高级:slightest slightly adv. 轻微地 a slight pain 轻微的疼痛 1. She has a slight headache today. 她今天有点轻微的头痛。2. There is a slight difference between the two pictures. 这两张图片有细微的差别。 17 shake / e k/ n., vi. & vt. 摇动 (108) 动词过去式:shook;过去分词:shaken;名词复数:shakes shaking n. 摇动,震动 1. shake hands 握手;2. shake one’s head 摇头 1. He shook hands with the new teacher. 他和新老师握了手。2. The little girl shook her head and said “No”. 小女孩摇摇头说“不”。 18 thunder /' nd (r)/ n. 雷声 (108) 不可数名词,无词形变化;动词(v. 打雷)过去式:thundered,过去分词:thundered thunderous adj. 雷鸣般的 1. the sound of thunder 雷声;2. thunder and lightning 雷电 1. We heard the sound of thunder in the distance. 我们听到了远处的雷声。2. Thunder and lightning usually come together. 雷电通常一起出现。 19 bomb /b m/ n. 炸弹 (108) 复数:bombs;动词(v. 投弹)过去式:bombed,过去分词:bombed N/A N/A 1. The police found a bomb in the old building. 警察在旧楼里发现了一枚炸弹。2. The soldiers bombed the enemy’s base last night. 士兵们昨晚轰炸了敌人的基地。 20 shout / a t/ vi. & n. 呼喊,喊叫 (108) 动词过去式:shouted;过去分词:shouted;名词复数:shouts shouting n. 呼喊,喊叫 1. shout at sb. 对某人大喊;2. shout for help 呼救 1. Don’t shout at your parents. 不要对你的父母大喊大叫。2. She shouted for help when she fell into the river. 她掉进河里时大声呼救。 21 fear /f (r)/ n. 恐惧,害怕;in fear 恐惧地,害怕地 (108) 动词(v. 害怕)过去式:feared;过去分词:feared;名词复数:fears fearful adj. 害怕的,恐惧的 1. in fear 恐惧地,害怕地;2. fear of heights 恐高 1. The child looked at the dog in fear. 那个孩子害怕地看着狗。2. She has a fear of heights and never climbs mountains. 她恐高,从不爬山。 22 direction /d 'rek n; da 'rek n/ n. 方向;in all directions 四处,到处 (108) 复数:directions direct adj. 直接的;v. 指导 1. in all directions 四处,到处;2. the direction of the wind 风向 1. People ran in all directions when the earthquake happened. 地震发生时人们四处奔跑。2. Can you tell me the direction of the train station? 你能告诉我火车站的方向吗? 23 brick /br k/ n. 砖 (108) 复数:bricks N/A a brick wall 砖墙 1. The house is built with red bricks. 这房子是用红砖建造的。2. He used a brick to break the window. 他用一块砖打破了窗户。 24 silent /'sa l nt/ adj. 安静的 (108) 比较级:more silent;最高级:most silent silence n. 安静,沉默;silently adv. 安静地 1. keep silent 保持安静;2. in silence 沉默地 1. Please keep silent in the library. 请在图书馆里保持安静。2. They walked out of the room in silence. 他们沉默地走出了房间。 25 nervous /'n v s/ adj. 焦虑的;胆怯的 (108) 比较级:more nervous;最高级:most nervous nervously adv. 焦虑地;nervousness n. 焦虑 be nervous about sth. 对某事感到焦虑 1. She is nervous about her English exam. 她对英语考试感到焦虑。2. The little boy felt nervous when he met the new teacher. 小男孩见到新老师时感到胆怯。 26 beat /bi t/ vi. & vt. (使)规律作响或运动;用力敲打 (109) 过去式:beat;过去分词:beaten N/A 1. beat one’s heart 心跳;2. beat the drum 打鼓 1. His heart beat fast when he heard the good news. 听到好消息时他的心跳得很快。2. The children are beating the drum happily. 孩子们正在开心地打鼓。 27 say to oneself 暗想;自言自语 (109) 无词形变化(短语) N/A say to oneself 暗想;自言自语 1. He said to himself, “I can finish this work.” 他暗想:“我能完成这项工作。”2. She often says to herself when she is alone. 她独自一人时经常自言自语。 28 calm /k m/ vi. & vt. (使)平静,(使)镇静;calm down (使)平静 (109) 形容词比较级:calmer;最高级:calmest;动词过去式:calmed,过去分词:calmed calmly adv. 平静地;calmness n. 平静 1. calm down (使)平静;2. stay calm 保持镇静 1. You should calm down when you are angry. 生气时你应该平静下来。2. The teacher told us to stay calm during the exam. 老师告诉我们考试时要保持镇静。 29 since /s ns/ conj. 因为,既然 (109) 无词形变化(连词/介词/副词) N/A 1. since conj. 因为,既然;2. since prep. 自从 1. Since it’s raining, we can’t go out. 因为下雨,我们不能出去了。2. He has lived here since 2010. 自从2010年以来他就住在这里。 30 weak /wi k/ adj. 虚弱的 (109) 比较级:weaker;最高级:weakest weakly adv. 虚弱地;weakness n. 虚弱 1. be weak in sth. 在某方面薄弱;2. a weak body 虚弱的身体 1. She is weak in math and needs more practice. 她数学薄弱,需要更多练习。2. The old man has a weak body and often gets ill. 这位老人身体虚弱,经常生病。 31 voice /v s/ n. 嗓音,说话声,唱歌声 (109) 复数:voices N/A 1. a sweet voice 甜美的嗓音;2. in a low voice 低声地 1. She has a sweet voice and likes singing. 她有甜美的嗓音,喜欢唱歌。2. He told me the secret in a low voice. 他低声告诉我这个秘密。 32 except / k'sept/ prep. (= except for) 除…之外 (111) 无词形变化 N/A 1. except prep. 除…之外;2. except for 除…之外(后接名词短语) 1. Everyone is here except Tom. 除了汤姆,所有人都来了。2. The room is clean except for a few books on the desk. 除了桌子上的几本书,房间很干净。 33 smoke /sm k/ n. 烟 (111) 不可数名词(烟);动词(v. 吸烟/冒烟)过去式:smoked,过去分词:smoked smoker n. 吸烟者;smoky adj. 冒烟的 1. smoke n. 烟;2. smoke v. 吸烟;3. no smoking 禁止吸烟 1. There is a lot of smoke from the factory. 工厂冒出很多烟。2. He doesn’t smoke because it’s bad for health. 他不吸烟,因为吸烟对健康有害。 34 burn /b n/ vi. 着火;vt. & vi. (使)烧毁,烧伤 (111) 动词过去式:burned/burnt;过去分词:burned/burnt burning adj. 燃烧的;burnt adj. 烧焦的 1. burn down 烧毁;2. get burnt 被烧伤 1. The big fire burned down the old temple. 大火烧毁了那座古老的寺庙。2. He got burnt when he was cooking. 他做饭时被烧伤了。 35 put out 扑灭,熄灭 (111) 无词形变化(短语);过去式:put out N/A put out 扑灭,熄灭 1. The firemen put out the fire in ten minutes. 消防员十分钟内扑灭了火。2. Please put out the candles before you go to bed. 睡觉前请熄灭蜡烛。 36 heavily /'hev li/ adv. 大量地 (113) 比较级:more heavily;最高级:most heavily heavy adj. 重的;大量的 1. rain heavily 下大雨;2. snow heavily 下大雪 1. It rained heavily last night. 昨晚下了大雨。2. The snow is falling heavily outside. 外面正在下大雪。 37 guess /ges/ vt. & vi. 猜测,估计 (113) 动词过去式:guessed;过去分词:guessed;名词复数:guesses guesswork n. 猜测,推测 1. guess sth. 猜测某事;2. guess at sth. 推测某事 1. Can you guess my age? 你能猜出我的年龄吗?2. We can only guess at the result of the game. 我们只能推测比赛的结果。 38 hat /h t/ n. (常指带檐的)帽子 (113) 复数:hats N/A 1. wear a hat 戴帽子;2. take off one’s hat 摘下帽子 1. He wears a black hat every day. 他每天都戴一顶黑色的帽子。2. She took off her hat when she entered the room. 她进房间时摘下了帽子。 39 clear /kl (r)/ vt. 清除,清理 (113) 动词过去式:cleared;过去分词:cleared;形容词比较级:clearer,最高级:clearest clearly adv. 清楚地;clearance n. 清理 1. clear sth. 清除某物;2. clear up 清理;放晴 1. Please clear the desk before the class. 上课前请清理一下桌子。2. The students cleared up the park on Sunday. 学生们周日清理了公园。 40 policeman /p 'li sm n/ n. (pl. policemen) (男)警察 (114) 复数:policemen police n. 警察(集合名词);policewoman n. 女警察 1. a policeman 一名男警察;2. call the police 报警 1. A policeman helped the old woman cross the road. 一名男警察帮老妇人过了马路。2. We should call the police when we are in danger. 遇到危险时我们应该报警。 41 ache /e k/ n. & vi. 疼痛 (114) 动词过去式:ached;过去分词:ached;名词复数:aches aching adj. 疼痛的 1. headache n. 头痛;2. toothache n. 牙痛;3. ache vi. 疼痛 1. She has a bad headache and needs to rest. 她头痛得厉害,需要休息。2. My legs ache after running for an hour. 跑了一小时后我的腿很疼。 42 postman /'p stm n/ n. (pl. postmen) 邮递员 (114) 复数:postmen post n. 邮件;post office 邮局 1. a postman 一名邮递员;2. deliver letters 送信 1. The postman brings letters to our home every morning. 邮递员每天早上给我们家送信。2. My uncle used to be a postman. 我叔叔以前是一名邮递员。 43 airport /'e p t/ n. 机场 (114) 复数:airports N/A 1. at the airport 在机场;2. airport terminal 机场航站楼 1. My parents met me at the airport yesterday. 我父母昨天在机场接我。2. We need to arrive at the airport two hours early. 我们需要提前两小时到达机场。 44 passport /'p sp t/ n. 护照 (114) 复数:passports N/A 1. a passport 一本护照;2. show one’s passport 出示护照 1. You need a passport to go abroad. 出国需要护照。2. The officer asked him to show his passport. 工作人员让他出示护照。 45 close /kl s/ adj. 差一点儿,险些 (114) 比较级:closer;最高级:closest;动词(v. 关闭)过去式:closed,过去分词:closed closely adv. 紧密地;接近地 1. close adj. 差一点儿,险些;2. be close to 接近 1. He had a close call in the car accident. 他在车祸中险些出事。2. Our school is close to the park. 我们学校离公园很近。 46 report /r 'p t/ vi. & vt. 报道;汇报 (115) 动词过去式:reported;过去分词:reported;名词复数:reports reporter n. 记者 1. report sth. 报道/汇报某事;2. make a report 做报告 1. The newspaper reported the news this morning. 报纸今天早上报道了这条新闻。2. She will report the result to the teacher. 她会把结果汇报给老师。 47 bush fire /'b fa (r)/ n. 山林大火 (115) 复数:bush fires N/A put out a bush fire 扑灭山林大火 1. A big bush fire broke out in the forest last week. 上周森林里发生了一场大的山林大火。2. Firemen worked hard to put out the bush fire. 消防员努力扑灭了山林大火。 48 so far 迄今为止 (115) 无词形变化(短语) N/A so far 迄今为止(常与现在完成时连用) 1. So far, we have learned 8 units. 迄今为止,我们已经学了8个单元。2. He has made great progress so far. 迄今为止他已经取得了很大的进步。 49 including / n'klu d / prep. 包括…在内 (115) 动词(include)过去式:included;过去分词:included include vt. 包括;inclusion n. 包括 including prep. 包括…在内 1. Ten students passed the exam, including Tom. 十个学生通过了考试,包括汤姆。2. The price includes breakfast and dinner. 这个价格包括早餐和晚餐。 50 sign /sa n/ n. 标牌,指示牌 (116) 复数:signs;动词(v. 签名/示意)过去式:signed,过去分词:signed signature n. 签名 1. a traffic sign 交通标牌;2. no smoking sign 禁止吸烟标牌 1. You can see a “No Parking” sign on the street. 街上能看到一个“禁止停车”的标牌。2. He signed his name on the paper. 他在纸上签了名。 51 avoid / 'v d/ vt. 避免,防止 (116) 动词过去式:avoided;过去分词:avoided avoidance n. 避免 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 1. We should avoid making mistakes in the exam. 我们应该避免在考试中犯错。2. He avoided meeting her by leaving early. 他早早离开以避免见到她。 52 wound /wu nd/ n. 伤,伤口 (117) 复数:wounds;动词(v. 使受伤)过去式:wounded,过去分词:wounded wounded adj. 受伤的(如the wounded 伤员) 1. a deep wound 一个很深的伤口;2. treat a wound 处理伤口 1. The soldier has a wound on his arm. 这个士兵的胳膊上有一处伤口。2. The nurse is treating the wound carefully. 护士正在仔细处理伤口。 53 bleed /bli d/ vi. 流血,失血 (117) 动词过去式:bled;过去分词:bled bleeding adj. 流血的;blood n. 血液 bleed vi. 流血,失血 1. His nose bleeds when the weather is dry. 天气干燥时他会流鼻血。2. The cut on her hand is bleeding. 她手上的伤口在流血。 54 press /pres/ vt. & vi. 按,压 (117) 动词过去式:pressed;过去分词:pressed;名词复数:presses pressure n. 压力 1. press sth. 按/压某物;2. press the button 按按钮 1. Press the doorbell and someone will open the door. 按门铃,会有人开门。2. He pressed his hands on the table. 他把双手按在桌子上。 55 firmly /'f mli/ adv. 紧紧地 (117) 比较级:more firmly;最高级:most firmly firm adj. 牢固的;坚定的 firmly adv. 紧紧地;坚定地 1. Hold the rope firmly so you won’t fall. 紧紧抓住绳子,这样你就不会掉下去。2. She shook her head firmly and refused. 她坚定地摇摇头拒绝了。 56 right away 立即,马上 (117) 无词形变化(短语) N/A right away 立即,马上(= at once) 1. You should go to see the doctor right away. 你应该立即去看医生。2. He called me back right away after getting my message. 他收到我的消息后马上给我回了电话。 57 tidal wave /'ta dl we v/ n. 海啸,潮汐波 (117) 复数:tidal waves N/A N/A 1. A big tidal wave hit the coastal city last year. 去年一场大海啸袭击了这座沿海城市。2. People need to move to high places when a tidal wave comes. 海啸来临时人们需要搬到高处。 58 warn /w n/ vt. & vi. 警告,告诫 (117) 动词过去式:warned;过去分词:warned warning n. 警告;adj. 警告的(如warning sign) warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事;warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 1. The teacher warned us not to run in the hallway. 老师警告我们不要在走廊里跑。2. The sign warns people of the danger. 这个标牌警告人们有危险。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $