精品解析：广东省中山市华辰实验中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学考英语试题

中山市华辰实验中学2025-2026学年度高三开学考 英语科试卷 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We welcome you to attend a campus visit of Harvard College. A campus visit consists of a one-hour information session with an admission (招生) officer and 1-2 current undergraduate students, followed by a one-hour campus tour led by a current undergraduate student. Please note that the visit schedule is typically posted one month prior to each term and you can select an available date from the calendar at the bottom of the page. There will be no on-campus information sessions and tours on Harvard College holidays, during other college closures (关闭) and on most school breaks . Registration Registration for a campus visit is required. We recommend that you arrive 15-30 minutes before the scheduled visit time. You may cancel your registration at any time. We cannot receive you without registration. Group Visits/Tours Visiting parties are limited to groups of 5. For groups of 6 or more, please contact the Harvard University Visitor Center to arrange a visit. Important information for your visit ● Please note that we require 21 days advance notice in order to secure ASL (American Sign Language) interpreters. We cannot provide interpreters for other languages at this current time. Those requesting the use of a wheelchair must leave a current driver’s license or state ID with our Visitor Center personnel (人事部门) until the chair is returned. ● Most buildings are closed to the public. Public restrooms will be available in the Elizabeth Cary Agassiz House before / after the information session, and at the end of the tour at Smith Campus Center. ● At this time, it is not possible to store luggage or other personal property during your visit. We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. ● Your registration and attendance have no connection with the admissions process if you decide to apply. 1. What can make you fail to visit the campus? A. Visiting in a large group. B. Coming without your state ID. C. Walking in without registration. D. Requesting using a wheelchair. 2. How might you deal with your luggage while visiting? A. Take it with you during the visit. B. Store it at Smith Campus Center. C. Ask the admissions officer to keep it. D. Leave it at Harvard Information Center. 3. Where can we probably find this text? A. In a travel journal. B. In an admission letter. C. On a university website. D. In a housing contract. B Every April I am troubled by the same concern that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing grey. My spirits ebb, as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine. “Just wait,” a neighbour advised. “You’ll wake up one morning and spring will just be here.” And look on 3 May that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch. Hills, sky, and forest revealed their purples, blues, and greens. Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward. Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighbourhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree’s dark twisted branches stretch out in unpruned abandon. Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple. Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out to remove a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbours opened their windows and stepped onto their porches. These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbour was the first to speak. “You’re not cutting it down, are you?” she asked anxiously. Another neighbour frowned as I cut off a branch. “Don’t kill it, now,” he warned. Soon, half the neighbourhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living, and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. I couldn’t help recalling Robert Frost’s words: The trees that have it in their pent-up buds To darken nature and be summer woods One thaw (解冻) led to another. Just the other day, I saw one of my neighbours at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighbourhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.” 4. By saying that “my spirits ebb” in paragraph 1, the author means that . A. he feels relieved B. he is cheerful C. he is astonished D. he feels blue 5. Which of the following is TRUE about the apple tree according to the passage? A. No one other than the author cares about the apple tree. B. It grows on public property. C. It is a source of fresh fruit for the neighbourhood D. It is carefully attended to by the author. 6. It can be inferred from the neighbour’s words in the last paragraph that . A. He has a passion for gardening. B. He was concerned about the safety of the tree. C. He enjoyed the company of his neighbours. D. He changed his mind about pruning the tree. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Beauty of Nature B. The Secret of the Apple Tree. C. Under the Blossoms. D. The Spring in Maine. C Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced increasing growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users fail to realize the fact that the information they post online can come back to trouble them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for troublesome employees’ opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she anonymously wrote about the characteristics of her job and coworkers. The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on potential employees. A New York Times article reported that many companies recruiting (招募) on college campuses use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks. Although the use of MySpace or Google to investigate a student’s background is somewhat upsetting to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alumni. Company employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet— especially Facebook— for student misconduct. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its Student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook. Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential pitfalls (陷阱) of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions. First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled (不满的) former colleague. Third, never post offensive material under your name or on your page as, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e- community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences. 8. The main purpose of the passage is to _________. A. explain the growth of the digital world through from the aspect of privacy B. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourself C. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacy D. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information 9. The author implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _________. A. know to whom you make your online information available B. avoid uploading information that would be damaging if it were discovered C. carefully select and limit who can view your electronic profile D. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about you 10. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the last paragraph and the other paragraphs? A. It offers detailed examples to support previous point s of view. B. It summarizes the points of view in the previous paragraphs. C. It provides suggestions to solve the previously mentioned problems. D. It offers evidence to make the previous point s of view clearer. 11. According to the passage, which of following does the writer imply? A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permissible in court. B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online. C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it. D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself causes no risk. D “Know thyself” is the most famous saying of Greek philosophy. The idea of self-knowledge is so foundational to a meaningful existence. In his tragedy (悲剧) Thyestes, the Stoic philosopher Seneca writes, “Death lies heavily on him / Who, though to all the world well known, / Is stranger to himself alone.” And as Shakespeare asserts in his comedy As You Like It, “The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man /knows himself to be a fool.” What exactly does it mean to know yourself? For neuroscientists, self-knowledge is the combination of two forms of information, your own self-beliefs and your perceptions of how others view you. This technical definition of self-knowledge concerns only the mechanisms involved and does not say anything about the quality of the information. In effect, if you think you’re a rooster and believe others see you as one too, that counts as self-knowledge. However, I strongly question that the thinkers at Greece had a bit more in mind than this; they no doubt meant “Know thyself accurately.” That is a much taller order, requiring a huge quantity of truthful information about your inner states — attitudes, beliefs, emotions, and motives. Accurate self-knowledge also means avoiding mistakes and correcting illusions, being completely honest with yourself, and predicting how you will feel and react in the future. By this impossibly strict standard, we probably all overestimate our capacity for accurate self-knowledge. Psychological experiments have revealed that ratings of one’s own self-assessments are “moderate to poor” in accuracy and are generally less sound than external evaluations. One reason is that we’re likely to make cognitive (认知的) errors about what we see happening in our lives. Researchers have found that humans are easy to miss seeing our problems, mistakes, and opportunities. Many things in our lives go unnoticed because we don’t know the language for them or don’t understand them. This is called hypo-cognition, a deficit of cognition. In studies exploring this phenomenon, British participants were more likely to notice cheese than Asian dumplings in their daily lives, while Chinese participants noticed the reverse. Much of our self-knowledge deficit comes from willful ignorance. Psychologists have long observed the human tendency to use motivated reasoning to reassure ourselves that our opinions are right, to ignore critical self-reflective information, and generally to maintain positive illusions and find ways to avoid facing reality-based negative emotions. So basic and necessary to our being are these traits that collectively they have been called our “psychological immune system.” This characteristic rationalizing is almost certainly based in our biology. This human capacity to maintain ignorance in the face of potentially negative self-knowledge might make you more comfortable in the short term, but it leads to many missed opportunities for greater well-being and success in the long run. Research has shown that more honest self-awareness — of both positive and negative information — improves self-development because you know what to improve. This enables better personal decision making rooted in accurate information, especially when striving toward goals. 12. The author mentions Seneca and Shakespeare mainly to ______. A. draw a comparison B. give a suggestion C explain a concept D. strengthen an argument 13. As for the definition of self-knowledge from neuroscientists, the author is ______. A. appreciative B. suspicious C. unconcerned D. neutral 14. What does the term “hypo-cognition” underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. The inability to process truthful information. B. The refusal to reflect on negative information. C. The lack of concepts to describe specific experiences. D. The tendency to spot cultural differences in perception. 15. It is implied in this passage that we should ______. A. focus on negative rather than positive feedback B. follow the beliefs and emotions of our internal states C. stop making excuses for unfavorable self-knowledge D. spare no effort to get rid of imperfect self-knowledge 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Charisma Are leaders born or made? Many leaders throughout history—such as Gandhi, Churchill, Napoleon, and Martin Luther King—seem to have a special quality that made them powerful and persuasive. We can identify that quality as charisma, but can we explain it? Charisma means a natural ability to attract other people and make them admire you. It is a complex mixture of social and emotional (情感的) skills. _____16_____ Richard Wiseman, a famous psychologist, points out that there are three key qualities of a charismatic person: They feel their own emotions strongly;they inspire strong emotions in other people; and they are unaffected by the influences of other charismatic people. You needn’ t worry if you don’ t have these qualities. _____17_____ Wiseman says that when you come upon someone who is charismatic you can copy his or her body language and facial expressions without realizing it. This is called mirroring, and it works partly because people’ s behavior influences their emotions. _____18_____ He proves his point by giving the example of smiling back at someone who smiled at you. Your smiling back suggests that you accept the goodwill from the other person and hope to give it back to him. _____19_____ For example, if you stand up straight and raise your chest, you are more likely to feel confident and inspire others to feel confidence in you. Another expert says that the most charismatic people are usually good listeners. They give others the impression of being focused and modest. Charisma plays a large part in success because it is linked to self-confidence. _____20_____ One successful leadership coach points out that you need to come by your skills and techniques naturally,she warns—if the personality you project is not real, you may come across as insincere. A. This type of physical presence can be used to great effect. B. Today there is growing evidence that charisma can be learned. C. Charismatic persons should be active and sensitive to their surroundings. D. It needs to be recognized that charisma is more than just being optimistic. E. It helps to make strong personal connections and communicate effectively with others. F. But it is worth noting that charisma can’ t be a pretended ability although it can be learned. G. He adds you’ re unaware of picking up others’ gestures, but you know it makes you feel good. 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and make silk. Before cotton was introduced to the Yangtze and Yellow River basins, silk was one of the main ___21___materials for clothing and quilts in ancient China, and ___22___ weaving was an important product for economic ___23___ in agricultural and rural areas. ★The Chinese legend says that the technology of ___24___ silkworms was invented and ___25___ by Leizu, the wife of Yellow Emperor, in the 27th century BC, which ___26___ the long history of Chinese sericulture. In recent years, archaeologists have ___27___ uncarbonized, yellowish-brown silk pieces and ___28___ well-preserved carbonized silk ribbons and threads that date back to about 4,700 years ago, at the Qianshanyang site in Wuxing, Zhejiang Province, along with silk fragments ___29___ the bronze ware at the Yin tomb in Anyang, Henan Province. In addition, there are ____30____ of mulberry, silkworm, and silk in the Yin Dynasty, which demonstrates that China is the birthplace of the silk industry. The ____31____ silkworms and sericulture techniques then ____32____ to many countries throughout the world from China. Sericulture is one of the great ____33____ of the ancient Chinese. For the past thousands of years, Chinese sericulturists have ____34____ and bred many excellent farming varieties of worms, ____35____ a set of feeding methods, and created a variety of sericulture tools, which have all had a positive influence on the world of sericulture and silk industry. 21. A. artificial B. ripe C. adequate D. raw 22. A. cotton B. wool C. silk D. cloth 23. A. conditions B. resources C. policies D. exchanges 24. A. raising B. cooking C. observing D. protecting 25. A. assessed B. claimed C. introduced D. registered 26. A. advocates B. indicates C. assumes D. admits 27. A. secured B. discovered C. exposed D. distributed 28. A. secretly B. randomly C. remarkably D. casually 29. A. adhering to B. filling up C. mixing with D. reacting to 30. A. relics B. products C. tools D. symbols 31. A. beautiful B. original C. peaceful D. allergic 32. A. spread B. adapted C. delivered D. withdrew 33. A. contents B. inventions C. incidents D. bonuses 34. A. selected B. switched C. reserved D. donated 35. A. passed down B. applied to C. depended on D. worked out 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese architect and writer Lin Huiyin was posthumously awarded (追授) a Bachelor of Architecture degree from the Weitzman School of Design of the University of Pennsylvania in_______36_______(recognize) of her outstanding contributions as a pioneer of modern architecture in China. ________37________ (comment) on the decision, Weitzman Dean Fritz Steiner said that “All the men from China received full scholarships and Lin got half of one. She was the only woman and the only student who________38________ (deny) an architecture degree by the School. ” “But she deserved that degree. ” In 1924, with her admission application to the architecture program of the University of Pennsylvania________39________(reject), Lin had to study in the only department ________40________ accepted female students — the School of Finc Arts. Apart from completing her art courses as well as most of ________41________required architecture courses, Lin also worked as a teaching assistant in architectural design and outperformed most of her male peers ________42________(academic). After returning to China, as the first Chinese female architect in modern times, Lin achieved great success in architectural history, design, and education________43________ war and disease. With the historical revision of gender_________44_________(equal) being underway overseas, Lin’s legendary story has now become known to generations of young people. This is not just a story about _______45_______Chinese women are breaking through stereotypes (刻板印象) and historical limits, but also serves as a role model for modern Chinese women. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 劳动是我国的传统美德。假定你是李华，你校将举办劳动教育活动周，请以“Labor -A Traditional Virtue”为主题，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.一次劳动体验； 2.你对劳动理解。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hector stood in the front of his fifth-grade classroom as one of the last two competitors in the Room Five Geography Bee. His opponent having missed the last question, it was Hector’s turn. If he answered his question correctly, he would be the Room Five champion. “Where did I put that second sheet of questions?” Mr. Adler whispered while searching through a thick pile of papers on his messy desk. Mr. Adler, though a great teacher, had a reputation of being disorganized with a long history of misplacing things. “Oh well, I apologize for the delay.” said Mr. Adler after what seemed like a long time. “Hector, please tell us the capital city of Brazil.” Hearing the question, Hector smiled. Then, there was the answer. Later that day in the courtyard, many classmates congratulated Hector. Wearing a proud smile, he greeted and thanked them all. Oh, the sweet taste of victory. As it was getting late, the courtyard became deserted. But Hector still didn’t want to leave. Then he saw Mr. Adler crossing the courtyard and holding a half-open bag full of papers. As he hurried past, an envelope dropped out but Mr. Adler was unaware, turned a corner and disappeared out of sight. Hector picked it up. On the envelope were the words “Fifth Grade Geography Bee Questions and Answers”. Hector stared wide-eyed at the envelope. Before he even had time to reflect on the consequences, he opened it and read the questions. As soon as Hector had done it, he knew it was the wrong choice. He’d cheated and whatever he did now, he couldn’t change the fact. “What if Mr. Adler thought I stole this morning’s questions too?” Hector thought. “He’d take away my Room Five victory for sure.” Little did he know that one of the best days in his life would be turned into the worst so quickly. Torn by his conscience, Hector was totally at a loss what to do. Para 1: Before he realized it Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler’s room. Para 2: The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before he realized it, Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler’s room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 中山市华辰实验中学2025-2026学年度高三开学考 英语科试卷 第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We welcome you to attend a campus visit of Harvard College. A campus visit consists of a one-hour information session with an admission (招生) officer and 1-2 current undergraduate students, followed by a one-hour campus tour led by a current undergraduate student. Please note that the visit schedule is typically posted one month prior to each term and you can select an available date from the calendar at the bottom of the page. There will be no on-campus information sessions and tours on Harvard College holidays, during other college closures (关闭) and on most school breaks . Registration Registration for a campus visit is required. We recommend that you arrive 15-30 minutes before the scheduled visit time. You may cancel your registration at any time. We cannot receive you without registration. Group Visits/Tours Visiting parties are limited to groups of 5. For groups of 6 or more, please contact the Harvard University Visitor Center to arrange a visit. Important information for your visit ● Please note that we require 21 days advance notice in order to secure ASL (American Sign Language) interpreters. We cannot provide interpreters for other languages at this current time. Those requesting the use of a wheelchair must leave a current driver’s license or state ID with our Visitor Center personnel (人事部门) until the chair is returned. ● Most buildings are closed to the public. Public restrooms will be available in the Elizabeth Cary Agassiz House before / after the information session, and at the end of the tour at Smith Campus Center. ● At this time, it is not possible to store luggage or other personal property during your visit. We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. ● Your registration and attendance have no connection with the admissions process if you decide to apply. 1. What can make you fail to visit the campus? A. Visiting in a large group. B. Coming without your state ID. C. Walking in without registration. D. Requesting using a wheelchair. 2. How might you deal with your luggage while visiting? A. Take it with you during the visit. B. Store it at Smith Campus Center. C. Ask the admissions officer to keep it. D. Leave it at Harvard Information Center. 3. Where can we probably find this text? A. In a travel journal. B. In an admission letter. C. On a university website. D. In a housing contract. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了参观哈佛大学校园的注意事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Registration部分的 “Registration for a campus visit is required.(参观校园需要注册。)”及“We cannot receive you without registration.(没有登记我们不能接待你。)”可知，参观校园必须先注册登记，没有登记就进去会让你不能参观校园。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Important information for your visit部分中第三个黑点的“At this time, it is not possible to store luggage or other personal property during your visit.(在此期间，您不可以寄存行李或其他个人财产。)”可知，现阶段学校不提供行李暂存服务，因此参观期间只能随身携带行李。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据本文内容：介绍了参观哈佛大学校园的注意事项以及第一段中的“Please note that the visit schedule is typically posted one month prior to each term and you can select an available date from the calendar at the bottom of the page.(请注意，访问时间表通常在每个学期前一个月发布，您可以从页面底部的日历中选择一个可用的日期。)”可知本文来自大学官网。故选C。 B Every April I am troubled by the same concern that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing grey. My spirits ebb, as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine. “Just wait,” a neighbour advised. “You’ll wake up one morning and spring will just be here.” And look, on 3 May that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch. Hills, sky, and forest revealed their purples, blues, and greens. Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward. Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighbourhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree’s dark twisted branches stretch out in unpruned abandon. Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple. Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out to remove a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbours opened their windows and stepped onto their porches. These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbour was the first to speak. “You’re not cutting it down, are you?” she asked anxiously. Another neighbour frowned as I cut off a branch. “Don’t kill it, now,” he warned. Soon, half the neighbourhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living, and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. I couldn’t help recalling Robert Frost’s words: The trees that have it in their pent-up buds To darken nature and be summer woods One thaw (解冻) led to another. Just the other day, I saw one of my neighbours at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighbourhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.” 4. By saying that “my spirits ebb” in paragraph 1, the author means that . A. he feels relieved B. he is cheerful C. he is astonished D. he feels blue 5. Which of the following is TRUE about the apple tree according to the passage? A. No one other than the author cares about the apple tree. B. It grows on public property. C. It is a source of fresh fruit for the neighbourhood D. It is carefully attended to by the author. 6. It can be inferred from the neighbour’s words in the last paragraph that . A. He has a passion for gardening. B. He was concerned about the safety of the tree. C. He enjoyed the company of his neighbours. D. He changed his mind about pruning the tree. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Beauty of Nature B. The Secret of the Apple Tree. C. Under the Blossoms. D. The Spring in Maine. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在缅因州经历的春天景象，以及一棵老苹果树如何成为邻里间交流和联系的纽带，展现了自然之美和邻里之间的温情。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Every April I am troubled by the same concern that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing grey. (每年四月，我都会被同样的担忧所困扰，担心今年春天不会到来。风景看起来单调乏味，山峦、天空和森林都是灰色的。)”以及“as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine. (就像我第一次来到缅因州时四月的降雪一样。)”可知，作者初到缅因州时，四月的景色单调灰暗，甚至还下过雪，这样的景象让作者情绪低落，因此，“My spirits ebb ”指的是“he feels blue (他感到沮丧)”。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighbourhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. (它坐落在我家附近的一块未开发的土地上。它不属于任何人，因此属于每个人。)”可知，这棵苹果树生长不属于任何人地方，因此属于大家，即生长在公共土地上，属于公共财产。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighbourhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.” (他提到这个冬天格外漫长，还抱怨说很久没和邻里的人好好见个面、聊聊天了。接着，他看着我说：“我们得再修剪一下那棵苹果树了。”)”可知，邻居抱怨冬天漫长，没有和社区的人长时间交流，然后提出再修剪苹果树，由此可推知，他享受和邻居在一起的时光。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段中“Then there was the old apple tree. (还有那棵老苹果树。)”以及第五段中“Soon, half the neighbourhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living, and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. (很快，半个街区的人都来和我一起待在苹果树下了。我突然意识到，自己在这儿住了五年，直到现在才知道这些人的名字、他们的谋生方式，以及他们是如何过冬的。那棵老苹果树仿佛就是要把我们聚集在它的枝丫下，既让我们彼此相识，又让我们一同感受这份奇妙。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在缅因州经历的春天景象，以及一棵老苹果树如何成为邻里间交流和联系的纽带，C项“Under the Blossoms (繁花之下)”，既体现了文章中的苹果树这一核心元素，又富有诗意，能够吸引读者，适宜作为标题使用。故选C项。 C Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced increasing growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users fail to realize the fact that the information they post online can come back to trouble them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for troublesome employees’ opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she anonymously wrote about the characteristics of her job and coworkers. The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on potential employees. A New York Times article reported that many companies recruiting (招募) on college campuses use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks. Although the use of MySpace or Google to investigate a student’s background is somewhat upsetting to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alumni. Company employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet— especially Facebook— for student misconduct. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its Student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook. Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential pitfalls (陷阱) of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions. First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled (不满的) former colleague. Third, never post offensive material under your name or on your page as, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e- community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences. 8. The main purpose of the passage is to _________. A. explain the growth of the digital world through from the aspect of privacy B. discuss the risks of the digital world and suggest ways to protect yourself C. propose steps Facebook, MySpace, and Google can take to protect user privacy D. illustrate potential unintended uses of private information 9. The author implies that users should take all of the following actions to protect their online privacy EXCEPT _________. A. know to whom you make your online information available B. avoid uploading information that would be damaging if it were discovered C. carefully select and limit who can view your electronic profile D. speak with employers to inform them of any misinformation published about you 10. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the last paragraph and the other paragraphs? A. It offers detailed examples to support previous point s of view. B. It summarizes the points of view in the previous paragraphs. C. It provides suggestions to solve the previously mentioned problems. D. It offers evidence to make the previous point s of view clearer. 11. According to the passage, which of following does the writer imply? A. Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permissible in court. B. It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online. C. Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it. D. Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself causes no risk. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。越来越多的Facebook等网站用户开始意识到在线身份的潜在隐患，为了避免经历一些破坏性的意想不到的后果，文章提供了一些简单的安全防范措施。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced increasing growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users fail to realize the fact that the information they post online can come back to trouble them.(虽然像Facebook和MySpace这样的网站在21世纪第一个十年的中期经历了不断增长，但一些用户没有意识到他们在网上发布的信息可能会反过来给他们带来麻烦)”以及最后一段“Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential pitfalls (陷阱) of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions. First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled (不满的) former colleague. Third, never post offensive material under your name or on your page as, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e- community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.(虽然越来越多的Facebook等网站用户开始意识到在线身份的潜在隐患，但许多普通用户仍然没有采取三个基本的安全防范措施。首先，只将您的信息提供给您认可的特定人员。其次，定期搜索可能是错误发布的或由心怀不满的前同事发布的关于自己的潜在有害信息。第三，永远不要以你的名义或在你的页面上发布冒犯性的材料，因为尽管有最好的预防措施，这些材料很可能会传播到更广阔的世界。通过采取这些简单的步骤，数字世界的成员可以意识到电子社区的许多好处，而不会经历一些破坏性的意想不到的后果)”可知，本文写作目的是讨论数字世界的风险，并提出保护自己的方法。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential pitfalls (陷阱) of online identities, many regular users still fail to take three basic security precautions. First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled (不满的) former colleague. Third, never post offensive material under your name or on your page as, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e- community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.(虽然越来越多的Facebook等网站用户开始意识到在线身份的潜在隐患，但许多普通用户仍然没有采取三个基本的安全防范措施。首先，只将您的信息提供给您认可的特定人员。其次，定期搜索可能是错误发布的或由心怀不满的前同事发布的关于自己的潜在有害信息。第三，永远不要以你的名义或在你的页面上发布冒犯性的材料，因为尽管有最好的预防措施，这些材料很可能会传播到更广阔的世界。通过采取这些简单的步骤，数字世界的成员可以意识到电子社区的许多好处，而不会经历一些破坏性的意想不到的后果)”可知，作者暗示用户应该采取的行动来保护他们的在线隐私不包括和雇主谈谈，告诉他们任何关于你的错误信息。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second, regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled (不满的) former colleague. Third, never post offensive material under your name or on your page as, despite the best precautions, this material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e- community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences.(首先，只将您的信息提供给您认可的特定人员。其次，定期搜索可能是错误发布的或由心怀不满的前同事发布的关于自己的潜在有害信息。第三，永远不要以你的名义或在你的页面上发布冒犯性的材料，因为尽管有最好的预防措施，这些材料很可能会传播到更广阔的世界。通过采取这些简单的步骤，数字世界的成员可以意识到电子社区的许多好处，而不会经历一些破坏性的意想不到的后果)”可知，最后一段为解决上述问题提供了建议。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Company employers are not the only people interested in college students’ lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet— especially Facebook— for student misconduct. For example, a college in Boston’s Back Bay expelled (除名) its Student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook.(虽公司老板并不是唯一对大学生生活感兴趣的人。社交网站的第三个意外用途是监控互联网（尤其是Facebook）学生不当行为的大学管理者。例如，波士顿后湾的一所大学开除了学生政府协会主席，因为他加入了一个高度批评校园警察的Facebook小组。此外，北卡罗莱纳州一所州立大学的15名学生因Facebook上出现的照片而面临未成年人饮酒的指控)”可知，法庭允许提供非本意从互联网上获得的信息。故选A。 D “Know thyself” is the most famous saying of Greek philosophy. The idea of self-knowledge is so foundational to a meaningful existence. In his tragedy (悲剧) Thyestes, the Stoic philosopher Seneca writes, “Death lies heavily on him / Who, though to all the world well known, / Is stranger to himself alone.” And as Shakespeare asserts in his comedy As You Like It, “The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man /knows himself to be a fool.” What exactly does it mean to know yourself? For neuroscientists, self-knowledge is the combination of two forms of information, your own self-beliefs and your perceptions of how others view you. This technical definition of self-knowledge concerns only the mechanisms involved and does not say anything about the quality of the information. In effect, if you think you’re a rooster and believe others see you as one too, that counts as self-knowledge. However, I strongly question that the thinkers at Greece had a bit more in mind than this; they no doubt meant “Know thyself accurately.” That is a much taller order, requiring a huge quantity of truthful information about your inner states — attitudes, beliefs, emotions, and motives. Accurate self-knowledge also means avoiding mistakes and correcting illusions, being completely honest with yourself, and predicting how you will feel and react in the future. By this impossibly strict standard, we probably all overestimate our capacity for accurate self-knowledge. Psychological experiments have revealed that ratings of one’s own self-assessments are “moderate to poor” in accuracy and are generally less sound than external evaluations. One reason is that we’re likely to make cognitive (认知的) errors about what we see happening in our lives. Researchers have found that humans are easy to miss seeing our problems, mistakes, and opportunities. Many things in our lives go unnoticed because we don’t know the language for them or don’t understand them. This is called hypo-cognition, a deficit of cognition. In studies exploring this phenomenon, British participants were more likely to notice cheese than Asian dumplings in their daily lives, while Chinese participants noticed the reverse. Much of our self-knowledge deficit comes from willful ignorance. Psychologists have long observed the human tendency to use motivated reasoning to reassure ourselves that our opinions are right, to ignore critical self-reflective information, and generally to maintain positive illusions and find ways to avoid facing reality-based negative emotions. So basic and necessary to our being are these traits that collectively they have been called our “psychological immune system.” This characteristic rationalizing is almost certainly based in our biology. This human capacity to maintain ignorance in the face of potentially negative self-knowledge might make you more comfortable in the short term, but it leads to many missed opportunities for greater well-being and success in the long run. Research has shown that more honest self-awareness — of both positive and negative information — improves self-development because you know what to improve. This enables better personal decision making rooted in accurate information, especially when striving toward goals. 12. The author mentions Seneca and Shakespeare mainly to ______. A. draw a comparison B. give a suggestion C. explain a concept D. strengthen an argument 13. As for the definition of self-knowledge from neuroscientists, the author is ______. A. appreciative B. suspicious C. unconcerned D. neutral 14. What does the term “hypo-cognition” underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. The inability to process truthful information. B. The refusal to reflect on negative information. C. The lack of concepts to describe specific experiences. D. The tendency to spot cultural differences in perception. 15. It is implied in this passage that we should ______. A. focus on negative rather than positive feedback B. follow the beliefs and emotions of our internal states C. stop making excuses for unfavorable self-knowledge D. spare no effort to get rid of imperfect self-knowledge 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了自我认知的重要性、定义以及人类在自我认知方面的局限性和改进方法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘Know thyself’ is the most famous saying of Greek philosophy. The idea of self-knowledge is so foundational to a meaningful existence. (‘认识你自己’是希腊哲学中最著名的格言。自我认知的理念是有意义的存在的基础)”接着引用了哲学家Seneca和Shakespeare的话来强调自我认知的重要性。由此可知，作者提到Seneca和Shakespeare是为了加强“自我认知是有意义的存在的基础”这一论点。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“For neuroscientists, self-knowledge is the combination of two forms of information, your own self-beliefs and your perceptions of how others view you. This technical definition of self-knowledge concerns only the mechanisms involved and does not say anything about the quality of the information.(对于神经科学家来说，自我认知是两种信息形式的结合，即你自己的自我信念和你对他人如何看待你的看法。这种自我认知的技术定义只涉及所涉及的机制，并没有说明信息的质量)”和“However, I strongly question that the thinkers at Greece had a bit more in mind than this; they no doubt meant ‘Know thyself accurately.’ (然而，我强烈质疑希腊的思想家们是否有比这更多的想法；他们无疑是指‘准确地认识你自己。’)”可知，作者对神经科学家关于自我认知的定义（仅关注机制，不涉及信息质量）持怀疑态度，觉得其过于浅显，认为古希腊思想家所指的自我认知更为准确和深入。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Many things in our lives go unnoticed because we don’t know the language for them or don’t understand them. This is called hypo-cognition, a deficit of cognition. (我们生活中的许多事情都被忽视了，因为我们不知道如何用语言描述它们，或者不理解它们。这被称为hypo-cognition，一种认知缺陷)”可知，下划线词hypo-cognition指的是缺乏描述特定经历的概念。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Research has shown that more honest self-awareness — of both positive and negative information — improves self-development because you know what to improve. This enables better personal decision making rooted in accurate information, especially when striving toward goals. (研究表明，更诚实的自我意识——包括正面和负面信息——有助于自我发展，因为你知道需要改进什么。这使得基于准确信息的更好的个人决策成为可能，尤其是在追求目标时)”可知，文章暗示我们应该停止为不利的自我认知找借口，而是要诚实地面对自己，以便更好地改进和发展。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Charisma Are leaders born or made? Many leaders throughout history—such as Gandhi, Churchill, Napoleon, and Martin Luther King—seem to have a special quality that made them powerful and persuasive. We can identify that quality as charisma, but can we explain it? Charisma means a natural ability to attract other people and make them admire you. It is a complex mixture of social and emotional (情感的) skills. _____16_____ Richard Wiseman, a famous psychologist, points out that there are three key qualities of a charismatic person: They feel their own emotions strongly;they inspire strong emotions in other people; and they are unaffected by the influences of other charismatic people. You needn’ t worry if you don’ t have these qualities. _____17_____ Wiseman says that when you come upon someone who is charismatic, you can copy his or her body language and facial expressions without realizing it. This is called mirroring, and it works partly because people’ s behavior influences their emotions. _____18_____ He proves his point by giving the example of smiling back at someone who smiled at you. Your smiling back suggests that you accept the goodwill from the other person and hope to give it back to him. _____19_____ For example, if you stand up straight and raise your chest, you are more likely to feel confident and inspire others to feel confidence in you. Another expert says that the most charismatic people are usually good listeners. They give others the impression of being focused and modest. Charisma plays a large part in success because it is linked to self-confidence. _____20_____ One successful leadership coach points out that you need to come by your skills and techniques naturally,she warns—if the personality you project is not real, you may come across as insincere. A. This type of physical presence can be used to great effect. B. Today there is growing evidence that charisma can be learned. C. Charismatic persons should be active and sensitive to their surroundings. D. It needs to be recognized that charisma is more than just being optimistic. E. It helps to make strong personal connections and communicate effectively with others. F. But it is worth noting that charisma can’ t be a pretended ability although it can be learned. G. He adds you’ re unaware of picking up others’ gestures, but you know it makes you feel good. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍历史上领导者都具有魅力或非凡的领导能力。魅力意味着一种自然的吸引他人的能力让他们羡慕你，魅力不可能是一种假装的能力，尽管它是可以习得的。 【16题详解】 根据上句Charisma means a natural ability to attract other people and make them admire you. It is a complex mixture of social and emotional (情感的) skills. 得知，魅力意味着一种自然的能力，吸引别人并使他们崇拜你，这是一种复杂的社会和情感技能的混合体。可知，这里在描述魅力的优势，接下来要继续陈述它的优点，选项E中helps to do，它有助于建立强有力的人际关系，并与他人有效沟通。起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据空格下句Wiseman says that when you come upon someone who is charismatic, you can copy his or her body language and facial expressions without realizing it. 得知，怀斯曼说，当你遇到一个有魅力的人时，你可以下意识的模仿他或她的肢体语言和面部表情。由此可知，魅力是可以模仿的。copy和learn是近义词。如今，越来越多的证据表明，魅力是可以习得的。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上句This is called mirroring, and it works partly because people’ s behavior influences their emotions.得知，这被称为镜像，它的作用主要是因为人们的行为影响了他们的情绪。再根据空格下句He proves his point by giving the example of smiling back at someone who smiled at you. 得知，他通过给一个对你微笑的人微笑，证明了他的观点。可知， influences their emotions体现在选项中makes you feel good.，是你没有意识到你在学会别人的姿势，但你知道这会让你感觉良好。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据下句For example, if you stand up straight and raise your chest, you are more likely to feel confident and inspire others to feel confidence in you. 举个例子，如果你站直了，抬起你的胸膛，你就更有可能感到自信，并激励他人对你有信心。此空位于句首，在总结这种姿势的积极效果。”故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上句Charisma plays a large part in success because it is linked to self-confidence.得知，魅力在成功中起着很大的作用，因为它与自信有关。再根据空格下句：她警告说，一位成功的领导教练指出，你需要自然地掌握自己的技能和技巧。由此可知，魅力不可能是一种假装的能力，尽管它是可以习得的。故选F。 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and make silk. Before cotton was introduced to the Yangtze and Yellow River basins, silk was one of the main ___21___materials for clothing and quilts in ancient China, and ___22___ weaving was an important product for economic ___23___ in agricultural and rural areas. ★The Chinese legend says that the technology of ___24___ silkworms was invented and ___25___ by Leizu, the wife of Yellow Emperor, in the 27th century BC, which ___26___ the long history of Chinese sericulture. In recent years, archaeologists have ___27___ uncarbonized, yellowish-brown silk pieces and ___28___ well-preserved carbonized silk ribbons and threads that date back to about 4,700 years ago, at the Qianshanyang site in Wuxing, Zhejiang Province, along with silk fragments ___29___ the bronze ware at the Yin tomb in Anyang, Henan Province. In addition, there are ____30____ of mulberry, silkworm, and silk in the Yin Dynasty, which demonstrates that China is the birthplace of the silk industry. The ____31____ silkworms and sericulture techniques then ____32____ to many countries throughout the world from China. Sericulture is one of the great ____33____ of the ancient Chinese. For the past thousands of years, Chinese sericulturists have ____34____ and bred many excellent farming varieties of worms, ____35____ a set of feeding methods, and created a variety of sericulture tools, which have all had a positive influence on the world of sericulture and silk industry. 21. A. artificial B. ripe C. adequate D. raw 22. A. cotton B. wool C. silk D. cloth 23 A. conditions B. resources C. policies D. exchanges 24. A. raising B. cooking C. observing D. protecting 25. A. assessed B. claimed C. introduced D. registered 26. A. advocates B. indicates C. assumes D. admits 27. A. secured B. discovered C. exposed D. distributed 28. A. secretly B. randomly C. remarkably D. casually 29. A. adhering to B. filling up C. mixing with D. reacting to 30. A. relics B. products C. tools D. symbols 31. A. beautiful B. original C. peaceful D. allergic 32. A. spread B. adapted C. delivered D. withdrew 33. A. contents B. inventions C. incidents D. bonuses 34. A. selected B. switched C. reserved D. donated 35. A. passed down B. applied to C. depended on D. worked out 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国养蚕和丝绸业的历史、发展及其对世界的影响。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在棉花传入长江、黄河流域之前，丝绸是中国古代制作衣服和被子的主要原材料之一。A. artificial人造的；B. ripe成熟的；C. adequate充足的；D. raw未加工的，原始的。根据上文“silk was one of the main”以及下文“materials for clothing and quilts”可知，丝绸是制作衣物和被子的主要原材料，“raw materials”为固定搭配，意为“原材料”。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丝绸织造是农业和农村地区经济交流的重要产品。A. cotton棉花；B. wool羊毛；C. silk丝绸；D. cloth布。根据上文的“China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and make silk.”可知，文章围绕丝绸展开，前文提到丝绸是制作衣物和被子的主要原材料，此处应指丝绸织造，与主题一致。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丝绸织造是农业和农村地区经济交流的重要产品。A. conditions条件；B. resources资源；C. policies政策；D. exchanges交流。根据上文“an important product for economic”可知，丝绸织造作为重要产品，应是用于经济交流。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国传说中，养蚕技术是由黄帝的妻子嫘祖在公元前27世纪发明并推广的，这表明中国养蚕业历史悠久。A. raising饲养；B. cooking烹饪；C. observing观察；D. protecting保护。根据上文的“China is the first country in the world to raise silkworms and make silk.”以及下文“silkworms”可知，此处指养蚕技术，raise silkworms意为“养蚕”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国传说中，养蚕技术是由黄帝的妻子嫘祖在公元前27世纪发明并推广的，这表明中国养蚕业历史悠久。A. assessed评估；B. claimed声称；C. introduced介绍，推广；D. registered注册。根据上文“invented and”可知，此处与“invented”并列，指技术的发明和推广。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国传说中，养蚕技术是由黄帝的妻子嫘祖在公元前27世纪发明并推广的，这表明中国养蚕业历史悠久。A. advocates提倡；B. indicates表明；C. assumes假定；D. admits承认。根据上文传说内容以及下文“the long history of Chinese sericulture”可知，传说表明中国养蚕业历史悠久。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：近年来，考古学家在浙江吴兴钱山漾遗址发现了未碳化的黄褐色丝绸碎片和保存完好的碳化丝绸带和丝线，其年代可追溯至约4700年前，同时在河南安阳殷墟的青铜器上还发现了丝绸碎片。A. secured获得；B. discovered发现；C. exposed暴露；D. distributed分布。根据上文“archaeologists”以及下文“uncarbonized, yellowish-brown silk pieces”可知，考古学家发现了这些丝绸制品。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：近年来，考古学家在浙江吴兴钱山漾遗址发现了未碳化的黄褐色丝绸碎片和保存完好的碳化丝绸带和丝线，其年代可追溯至约4700年前，同时在河南安阳殷墟的青铜器上还发现了丝绸碎片。A. secretly秘密地；B. randomly随机地；C. remarkably显著地，非常地；D. casually随意地。根据下文“that date back to about 4,700 years ago”可知，这些丝绸带和丝线追溯到4700年前，由此可知，这些碳化的丝绸带和丝线保存得非常好。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：近年来，考古学家在浙江吴兴钱山漾遗址发现了未碳化的黄褐色丝绸碎片和保存完好的碳化丝绸带和丝线，其年代可追溯至约4700年前，同时在河南安阳殷墟的青铜器上还发现了附着的丝绸碎片。A. adhering to附着；B. filling up填满；C. mixing with与……混合；D. reacting to对……作出反应。根据常识和上文的“silk fragments”以及下文“the bronze ware”可知，丝绸碎片应该是附着在青铜器上。故选A项。 30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，商朝有桑、蚕、丝的象征，这表明中国是丝绸业的发源地。A. relics遗迹；B. products产品；C. tools工具；D. symbols象征。根据下文“which demonstrates that China is the birthplace of the silk industry.”可知，这表明中国是丝绸业的发源地，由此可推断，此处指商朝有桑、蚕、丝的象征。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的蚕和养蚕技术随后从中国传播到世界许多国家。A. beautiful美丽的；B. original最初的；C. peaceful和平的；D. allergic过敏的。根据上文“In addition, there are ___10___ of mulberry, silkworm, and silk in the Yin Dynasty, which demonstrates that China is the birthplace of the silk industry.”可知，中国是丝绸业的发源地，此处指最初的蚕和养蚕技术。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初的蚕和养蚕技术随后从中国传播到世界许多国家。A. spread传播；B. adapted适应；C. delivered递送；D. withdrew撤回。根据下文“to many countries throughout the world from China”可知，技术从中国传播到其他国家。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：养蚕业是中国古代伟大发明之一。A. contents内容；B. inventions发明；C. incidents事件；D. bonuses奖金。根据上文“The Chinese legend says that the technology of ___4___ silkworms was invented and ___5___ by Leizu, the wife of Yellow Emperor, in the 27th century BC”可知，养蚕业是中国古代的伟大发明。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几千年来，中国养蚕人选育了许多优良的蚕品种，制定了一套饲养方法，创造了多种养蚕工具，对世界养蚕业和丝绸业产生了积极影响。A. selected选择，挑选；B. switched转换；C. reserved保留；D. donated捐赠。根据下文“bred many excellent farming varieties of worms”可知，此处指选育优良蚕品种，“selected and bred”意为“选育”。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几千年来，中国养蚕人选育了许多优良的蚕品种，制定了一套饲养方法，创造了多种养蚕工具，对世界养蚕业和丝绸业产生了积极影响。A. passed down传递；B. applied to应用于；C. depended on依赖；D. worked out制定，想出。根据上文的“and bred many excellent farming varieties of worms”以及下文“and created a variety of sericulture tools”可知，此处与bred和created并列，说明中国养蚕工艺的过程，所以，此处指制定饲养方法。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese architect and writer Lin Huiyin was posthumously awarded (追授) a Bachelor of Architecture degree from the Weitzman School of Design of the University of Pennsylvania in_______36_______(recognize) of her outstanding contributions as a pioneer of modern architecture in China. ________37________ (comment) on the decision, Weitzman Dean Fritz Steiner said that “All the men from China received full scholarships and Lin got half of one. She was the only woman and the only student who________38________ (deny) an architecture degree by the School. ” “But she deserved that degree. ” In 1924, with her admission application to the architecture program of the University of Pennsylvania________39________(reject), Lin had to study in the only department ________40________ accepted female students — the School of Finc Arts. Apart from completing her art courses as well as most of ________41________required architecture courses, Lin also worked as a teaching assistant in architectural design and outperformed most of her male peers ________42________(academic). After returning to China, as the first Chinese female architect in modern times, Lin achieved great success in architectural history, design, and education________43________ war and disease. With the historical revision of gender_________44_________(equal) being underway overseas, Lin’s legendary story has now become known to generations of young people. This is not just a story about _______45_______Chinese women are breaking through stereotypes (刻板印象) and historical limits, but also serves as a role model for modern Chinese women. 【答案】36 recognition 37. Commenting 38. was denied 39. rejected 40. that 41. the 42. academically 43. despite 44. equality 45. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国近代建筑史学家、诗人、作家林徽因，作为现代中国女性的榜样人物，在国外的主要求学经历和在中国近现代建筑史上取得的重大成就。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国建筑师和作家林徽因被追授宾夕法尼亚大学魏茨曼设计学院建筑学学士学位，以表彰她作为中国现代建筑先驱的杰出贡献。根据句意、提示词“recognize”以及上文的“in”，可知应填名词recognition，作宾语。故填recognition。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：魏茨曼设计学院的院长Fritz Steiner在评论这一决定时说：“所有来自中国的男性都获得了全额奖学金，林徽因获得了一半的奖学金。她是唯一一位被学校拒绝授予建筑学学位的女性和学生。”said为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，院长Fritz Steiner和comment为主动关系，需用现在分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Commenting。 【38题详解】 考查动词的被动语态。句意：魏茨曼设计学院的院长Fritz Steiner在评论这一决定时说：“所有来自中国的男性都获得了全额奖学金，林徽因获得了一半的奖学金。她是唯一一位被学校拒绝授予建筑学学位的女性和学生。”定语从句中缺少谓语，根据句意可知，这里是表被动，且是描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填was denied。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1924年，林徽因的宾夕法尼亚大学建筑系入学申请被拒，她不得不在唯一接受女生的系——金融艺术学院学习。had to study为谓语，此处为with+复合结构，需填非谓语动词，动词reject和宾语之间为被动关系，需用过去分词作宾补。故填rejected。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1924年，林徽因的宾夕法尼亚大学建筑系入学申请被拒，她不得不在唯一接受女生的系——金融艺术学院学习。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词the only department，在从句中作主语，且先行词被the only修饰，用that引导从句。故填that。 【41题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：除了完成艺术课程和大部分必修建筑课程外，林徽因还担任建筑设计助教，在学术上表现优于大多数男性同龄人。required architecture courses意为必修建筑课程，此处表示特指，要用定冠词the。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：除了完成艺术课程和大部分必修建筑课程外，林徽因还担任建筑设计助教，学术上表现优于大多数男性同龄人。此处用副词修饰整个句子，作状语。故填academically。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：回国后，作为中国近代第一位女建筑师，尽管林徽因在战争和疾病的困扰下，但是她仍然在建筑历史、设计和教育方面取得了巨大的成功。根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系，despite意为“尽管、虽然”，是介词，构成介词短语，符合语境。故填despite。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着海外对性别平等的历史性修正，林徽因的传奇故事现在已经为几代年轻人所熟知。根据句意、提示词“equal”以及上文的“of”可知，此处要填名词短语gender equality(性别平等)作宾语。故填equality。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这不仅是一个关于中国女性如何突破陈规定型观念和历史局限的故事，也是现代中国女性的榜样。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用连接副词how引导。故填how。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 劳动是我国的传统美德。假定你是李华，你校将举办劳动教育活动周，请以“Labor -A Traditional Virtue”为主题，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.一次劳动体验； 2.你对劳动的理解。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Labor -A Traditional Virtue Good morning, everyone. Today, I would like to talk about the theme “Labor-A Traditional Virtue” in the context of the upcoming Labor Education Week at our school. Recently, I had the opportunity to participate in a labor experience program organized by our school. We spent a whole day working at a local farm, planting vegetables, and doing various physical tasks. Although it was tiring, I felt a great sense of accomplishment at the end of the day. Through this experience, I gained a deeper understanding of the value of labor. Labor not only helps us develop a strong work ethic but also teaches us essential life skills such as teamwork, responsibility, and perseverance. Thank you for your attention. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。劳动是我国的传统美德。假定你是李华，你校将举办劳动教育活动周，请以“Labor -A Traditional Virtue”为主题，写一篇演讲稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 主题：theme→topic 参加：participate in→take part in 机会：opportunity→chance 重要：essential→vital 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Recently, I had the opportunity to participate in a labor experience program organized by our school. 拓展句：Recently, I had the opportunity to participate in a labor experience program, which was organized by our school. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Although it was tiring, I felt a great sense of accomplishment at the end of the day. (运用了although引导让步状语从句) [高分句型2] Recently, I had the opportunity to participate in a labor experience program organized by our school. (运用了过去分词作定语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hector stood in the front of his fifth-grade classroom as one of the last two competitors in the Room Five Geography Bee. His opponent having missed the last question, it was Hector’s turn. If he answered his question correctly, he would be the Room Five champion. “Where did I put that second sheet of questions?” Mr. Adler whispered while searching through a thick pile of papers on his messy desk. Mr. Adler, though a great teacher, had a reputation of being disorganized with a long history of misplacing things. “Oh well, I apologize for the delay.” said Mr. Adler after what seemed like a long time. “Hector, please tell us the capital city of Brazil.” Hearing the question, Hector smiled. Then, there was the answer. Later that day in the courtyard, many classmates congratulated Hector. Wearing a proud smile, he greeted and thanked them all. Oh, the sweet taste of victory. As it was getting late, the courtyard became deserted. But Hector still didn’t want to leave. Then he saw Mr. Adler crossing the courtyard and holding a half-open bag full of papers. As he hurried past, an envelope dropped out but Mr. Adler was unaware, turned a corner and disappeared out of sight. Hector picked it up. On the envelope were the words “Fifth Grade Geography Bee Questions and Answers”. Hector stared wide-eyed at the envelope. Before he even had time to reflect on the consequences, he opened it and read the questions. As soon as Hector had done it, he knew it was the wrong choice. He’d cheated and whatever he did now, he couldn’t change the fact. “What if Mr. Adler thought I stole this morning’s questions too?” Hector thought. “He’d take away my Room Five victory for sure.” Little did he know that one of the best days in his life would be turned into the worst so quickly. Torn by his conscience, Hector was totally at a loss what to do. Para 1: Before he realized it, Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler’s room. Para 2: The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before he realized it, Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler’s room. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Before he realized it, Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler’s room. At the sight of Hector, Mr. Adler mumbled “Where did I put that sheet of Fifth Grade Geography Bee Questions and Answers?” Hearing this, Hector lowered his head. Noticing his nervousness, Mr. Adler inquired what had happened. At that time, Hector nervously took out the envelope, submitted it to Mr. Adler and confessed that he had cheated by reading the questions on it. To his surprise, Mr. Adler didn’t blame him but praised him. Instantly, a wave of relief seized Hector. The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee. Having been up late studying, Hector looked exhausted but excited. So did the other competitors. All the eyes fixed on the stage, Hector felt his heart beating fast. Unfortunately, the questions Mr. Adler rewrote were so tough that he was knocked out in round three. But Hector realized that he didn’t feel bad about losing. Whether others knew he was smart was of no significance. He’d set out to learn everything about the world and ended up learning more about himself. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Hector在五年级地理知识竞赛中成为班级冠军后，偶然捡到装有全校地理知识竞赛问题和答案的信封并偷看，之后内心备受煎熬，最终决定向老师坦白的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“在他意识到之前，Hector发现自己就站在Adler先生的房间里。”可知，第一段可描写Hector向Mr. Adler承认错误时的表现以及Mr. Adler的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，全校师生都来观看五年级的地理比赛。”可知，第二段可描写校级地理比赛现场的情况以及Hector的最终表现和他对这次经历的感悟。 2.续写线索：找到老师——承认错误——老师反应——参加校赛——现场表现——比赛结果——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①低声说：mumble/whisper ②提交：submit/hand in ③意识到：realize/understand/recognize 情绪类 ①紧张地：nervously/anxiously ②兴奋的：excited/thrilled 【点睛】[高分句型1] Noticing his nervousness, Mr. Adler inquired what had happened. (运用了现在分词作状语和what引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Unfortunately, the questions Mr. Adler rewrote were so tough that he was knocked out in round three. (运用了省略关系代词that/which的限制性定语从句和so…that...句型引导的结果状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $