精品解析：河南省濮阳市第一高级中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题

高三暑假作业质量检测 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are four US national parks that require a reservation. Acadia National Park Location: Maine When: 21st May to 26th October, 2025 After the launch of a successful pilot program in 2020, Acadia National Park has renewed its free vehicle reservations for the popular Cadillac Summit Road. As the highest point on the US eastern seaboard, Cadillac Mountain is a popular destination for visitors to Acadia, particularly sunrise hikers. Reserve your entry for free. Arches National Park Location: Utah When: 1st April to 31st October, 2025 (exception: 7th July to 27th August) In 2021, Arches National Park hit the headlines when it was regularly forced to close its gates by 8:00 am as car parks and trails hit their capacities. Some days, the gates stayed closed for five hours before reopening. It was hardly surprising when, in 2023, the park introduced a free site-d wide timed-entry system for all visitors to Arches. Glacier National Park Location: Montana When: 13th June to 28th September, 2025 In spring 2021, Glacier National Park piloted a ticketing system for its celebrated 50-mileGoing-to-the-Sun Road. The scenic road cutting across the park harmonizes with its mountain surroundings. There is a $2 reservation fee in addition to the park entrance fees. Reservations will be released four months in advance, on a rolling basis from 12th February. Some next-day tickets will also be available from 12th June, released at 7:00 pm each evening. Great Smoky Mountains National Park Location: North Carolina When: 15th August to 26th November, 2025 In 2023, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park introduced a requirement for visitors to purchase a daily, weekly or annual parking pass if they wish to park inside the grounds for more than 15 minutes. No reservations are required for parking locations once the pass is bought and displayed. 1. What leads to the timed-entry system for visitors to Arches National Park? A. Limited parking. B. Narrow gates. C. Government rules. D. Poor transportation. 2. What is special about Glacier National Park? A. Its opening time is the longest. B. It charges a certain amount for reservation. C. Its new ticketing system was introduced first. D. It features the highest point in eastern America. 3 Where should a visitor go to appreciate the sunrise? A. Montana. B. Utah. C. Maine. D. North Carolina. B People who visit Yao Huifen’s workshop often mistake her embroidery (刺绣) for paintings or photographs. It is easy to see why. Yao’s works look so realistic, like oil paintings, Chinese ink wash paintings or photographs. Many of her works have been bought by domestic and foreign museums. The inheritor of embroidery in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, was born into a family with a long history in the art. Her grandparents and parents worked in the industry. She started to learn from her grandmother and mother when she was little. Influenced by her father, she always loved to read books about art and aesthetics (美学). She attended lectures on philosophy and art innovation when she was growing up. “You might not use the knowledge in the beginning, but what you read and what you experienced will eventually reflect in your works,” says Yao. For more than 10 years, she learned embroidery from masters of Suzhou embroidery and gradually became famous for her own skill. Elected as a promoter and ambassador of Suzhou embroidery, she has been to many countries for cultural communication, including the United States, France and Italy. Like many cultural heritage items, Suzhou embroidery faces the problem of finding young people to pass the craft on to. The huge input of time and energy required to learn embroidery, Yao admits, has scared away many young people. However, she takes it as her responsibility to attract and train enough inheritors. She cooperated with colleges in Suzhou to open an embroidery course and teach the students for free. Yao has been teaching embroidery lovers at her workshop for many years. Some of her students have set up their own workshops and started to teach others themselves. “Traditional handicrafts need to conform (顺应) to the current aesthetics and cannot linger on the standards of old times. Embroidery techniques should also be improved continuously.” Yao suggests that embroiderers should open up new horizons instead of working in workshops all day long. She visits art exhibitions and museums at every opportunity when she goes to big cities. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A. To compare embroidery with photos. B. To list some mistaken views of embroidery. C. To highlight Yao Huifen’s extraordinary skill. D. To clarify the differences between embroidery and paintings. 5. According to Yao, why are young people unwilling to learn embroidery? A. They find it effort-consuming. B. They lack interest in it. C. They consider it less profitable. D. They have a different taste for beauty. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Yao Huifen? A. Persistent and modest. B. Devoted and disciplined. C. Determined and ambitious. D. Responsible and selfless. 7. What can we infer from the text? A. Yao Huifen prefers working in big cities. B. Embroidery is gradually regaining its fame. C. Yao Huifen has a talent in teaching embroidery. D. Yao Huifen is struggling to inherit Suzhou embroidery. C It goes without saying that hard physical labor wears you out but what about hard mental labor? “Influential theories suggested that fatigue (疲惫) is a sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a more gratifying activity,” says Mathias Pessiglione of Pitié-Salpêtrière University in Paris, France. “But our findings show that cognitive work results in a true functional transformation — accumulation of toxic substances — so fatigue would indeed be a signal that makes us stop working but for a different purpose: to preserve the integrity of brain functioning.” Pessiglione and colleagues wanted to understand what mental fatigue really is. They used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to monitor brain chemistry over the course of a workday. They studied two groups of people: those who needed to think hard and those who had relatively simple cognitive tasks. They saw signs of fatigue, only in the group doing hard mental work. Those in that group also exhibited in their choices a change toward options proposing rewards at short delay with minimal effort. Critically, they also had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in the brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额皮质). Together with earlier evidence, the scientists say it supports the hypothesis that glutamate accumulation makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly, such that cognitive control is more difficult after a mentally tough workday. So, is there some way to overcome this limitation of our brain’s ability to think hard? “Not really, I’m afraid,” Pessiglione said. “I would employ good old recipes: rest and sleep! There is good evidence that glutamate is removed from the brain during sleep.” There may be other practical implications of the findings. For example, the researchers say, monitoring of prefrontal cortex could help to detect severe mental fatigue. Such an ability may help adjust work agendas to avoid burnout. Pessiglione also advises people to avoid making important decisions when they’re tired. 8. What does the underlined word “gratifying” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Relaxing. B. Complex. C. Temporary. D. Rewarding. 9. What does the group performing hard mental work exhibit in the study? A. Fewer signs of mental fatigue. B. Greater motivation and effort. C. Higher efficiency in complex tasks. D. Stronger preference for immediate rewards. 10. What do we know about glutamate accumulation? A. It causes a sense of peaceful mind. B. It enhances brain function in a limited way. C. It signals the brain is emptying its mental energy. D. It decreases the cost of prefrontal cortex activation. 11. What is Pessiglione’s advice for those overwhelmed by mentally demanding tasks? A. Remove them from the work agenda. B. Reduce the complexity of all cognitive tasks. C. Schedule strategic breaks to allow for recovery. D. Apply technology to monitoring the brain activity. D Do you know the websites that let you name a star after your beloved one, your kid or your dog for a small fee? Yeah, those are all fake— you could pay me to “name” a star for $50, and I’ll take your money and show the name online. I’ll even send you a fancy certificate! It seems that you’ve named a star, but it just doesn’t count. Actually, the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union, or the IAU. It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris, France. It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record-keeping body for all discoveries in space. Recently they do open up an opportunity for the public to name a dozen of planets outside the solar system. These planets will be among the first to be studied with the James Webb Space Telescope. However, they currently only have boring and complicated documents that were used to find them. That’s why the IAU is looking for something more interesting. But before you start naming the planets, you should know the rules. First, nothing is rude or annoying. Second, the name should be less than 16 characters long and pronounceable in at least one language with no commercial or business names and nothing is named after a living individual or a pet. The competition named “Stars Worlds”, is open next Thursday, January 20th. It’s the third such contest the IAU has held, and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization. The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky. So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history. 12. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By listing figures. B. By taking an example. C. By offering a solution. D. By showing differences. 13. What can we know about the IAU from the passage? A. It was founded by France. B. It studies the space telescope. C. It organizes trips to the space. D. It has the right to name the stars. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Why the competition is held. B. How the competition develops. C. What to expect in the competition. D. How to take part in the competition. 15. Where is this passage most likely taken from? A. A novel. B. A textbook. C. A diary. D. A magazine. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Green Is Good Planting and growing things offers a lot more than fresh vegetables and flowers. Working in a nice outdoor space can help you control weight, help you stay fit, and sharpen your mind – and that’s just for starters. There are more advantages. It’s a fun workout. ___16___ But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it’s doing you good physically might make it more entertaining. You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower etc. ___17___ Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose – and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise. It reduces your risk of heart disease. Even though gardening may not involve high-intensity exercise, it still provides heart-health benefits. ___18___ The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction that ‘playing in the dirt’ provides. ___19___ Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy. It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength. Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. ___20___ A. It boosts your immune system. B. It helps you stay fit physically and psychologically. C. In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack. D. It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy. E. Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles. F. The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. G. More than just good exercise for your body, gardening provides a workout for your brain. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a ____21____ when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon I had a sudden ____22____ to hike the hill with my two daughters. Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately ____23____ northwestward. While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds... These really made their ____24____. As the shadows started to ____25____, we moved further up. Soon, weariness began to ____26____ enthusiasm. We decided to return. Instead of backtracking over our ____27____ route, I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill, ____28____ my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road. But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of ____29____: Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it ____30____ in my hand in the cold air. ____31____, I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly ____32____ myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking. Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually ____33____ the road. That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology. If my phone had ____34____ then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old ____35____ of depending on surroundings and life skills. 21. A. challenge B. shock C. reward D. reminder 22. A. discovery B. response C. worry D. urge 23. A. escaped B. drove C. headed D. looked 24. A. reputation B. dream C. day D. way 25. A. lengthen B. swing C. emerge D. fade 26 A. fuel B. witness C. overlook D. outpace 27. A. original B. rough C. offbeat D. roundabout 28. A. appreciating B. trusting C. envisioning D. assessing 29. A. curiosity B. comparison C. doubt D. anticipation 30. A. died B. slipped C. flashed D. rang 31. A. Reportedly B. Admittedly C. Seemingly D. Surprisingly 32. A. exposed B. composed C. defended D. behaved 33. A. got off B. laid down C. came across D. made out 34. A. worked B. remained C. changed D. overheated 35. A. theory B. standard C. practice D. routine 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Two graduates, from Central China Normal University in Wuhan, Hubei Province, using the names Wanwan and Chaochao, ____36____ (upload) a 17-minute video online late last year about their lives over the past five years. In the video, Wanwan, ____37____ has taken up a dozen jobs since graduating five years ago, said she now only has 5,000 yuan. Her roommate Chaochao got a master’s degree in scriptwriting (编剧) from Communication University of China. But ____38____ consequence of a tough job market, she had great difficulty ____39____ (obtain) a job in the film industry. Last year, she started to learn painting but she said she had to work part-time as a cleaner at a hotpot restaurant to support ____40____ (she). “When you can accept your failure, you will feel that it is not that bad. When working at the hotpot restaurant, my biggest ____41____ (comfortable) is that I won’t starve to death no matter what is next,” Chaochao said. “There are many roads in our lives, and no matter which direction you go, you will ____42____ (eventual) find your own road.” The video was one of the trending videos of last year, gaining more than 5.44 million views and more than 26,000 comments since it ____43____ (release), with many netizens sharing their own failures in the comments section. Netizens said they were warmed by their courage to share failures with the public, strong determination ____44____ (achieve) their goals, optimism in the face of hardships ____45____ spirit of never giving up. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校英文报记者李华，上周五你校成功举办了一场国学经典诵读大赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.活动简介； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My parents were always against me owning my own pet, afraid of the mess it would make or that I would quickly lose interest in taking care of it, but we made a compromise: I could volunteer at a local pet shelter on the weekends to test my sense of responsibility and dedication. That was how I first came to volunteer at the Avondale pet shelter and—more importantly—where I met my future best friend, Chocolate. One hot August afternoon, my boss Charlie told me that they were bringing in a young black Labrador Retriever and that I’d be its primary caretaker. An hour after our conversation and in came Chocolate—a beautiful dog with shining brown fur and amazing blue eyes. At about 3 months old, I expected him to be a lot more energetic and playful, but he immediately backed and lay down at the back of his pen (围栏). I asked Charlie what was the matter with him. He replied that Chocolate had a genetic problem which caused him to be born with a short tail, leading potential owners to think there was something wrong with him; so the breeder felt that they had no choice but to give up the puppy to the shelter. He was overlooked and underappreciated. I felt very angry at the thought that an otherwise healthy dog could be thrown away so easily. At the same time, I felt a deep sympathy for this dog who had been cheated out of the love and attention he deserved. It was at this moment that I resolved to give Chocolate as much love and attention as I could while working as a volunteer. Although Chocolate was reluctant and shy at first. eventually through enough treats and play he slowly came around and warmed up to me. Soon enough, whenever I came around his pen to let him out for his turn of walks and play, Chocolate was always excited and jumping with joy. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As time passed by, the connection between Chocolate and I grew stronger and stronger. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One day, Charlie said Chocolate must find a home soon or he would be removed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高三暑假作业质量检测 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are four US national parks that require a reservation. Acadia National Park Location: Maine When: 21st May to 26th October, 2025 After the launch of a successful pilot program in 2020, Acadia National Park has renewed its free vehicle reservations for the popular Cadillac Summit Road. As the highest point on the US eastern seaboard, Cadillac Mountain is a popular destination for visitors to Acadia, particularly sunrise hikers. Reserve your entry for free. Arches National Park Location: Utah When: 1st April to 31st October, 2025 (exception: 7th July to 27th August) In 2021, Arches National Park hit the headlines when it was regularly forced to close its gates by 8:00 am as car parks and trails hit their capacities. Some days, the gates stayed closed for five hours before reopening. It was hardly surprising when, in 2023, the park introduced a free site-d wide timed-entry system for all visitors to Arches. Glacier National Park Location: Montana When: 13th June to 28th September, 2025 In spring 2021, Glacier National Park piloted a ticketing system for its celebrated 50-mileGoing-to-the-Sun Road. The scenic road cutting across the park harmonizes with its mountain surroundings. There is a $2 reservation fee in addition to the park entrance fees. Reservations will be released four months in advance, on a rolling basis from 12th February. Some next-day tickets will also be available from 12th June, released at 7:00 pm each evening. Great Smoky Mountains National Park Location: North Carolina When: 15th August to 26th November, 2025 In 2023, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park introduced a requirement for visitors to purchase a daily, weekly or annual parking pass if they wish to park inside the grounds for more than 15 minutes. No reservations are required for parking locations once the pass is bought and displayed. 1. What leads to the timed-entry system for visitors to Arches National Park? A. Limited parking. B. Narrow gates. C. Government rules. D. Poor transportation. 2. What is special about Glacier National Park? A. Its opening time is the longest. B. It charges a certain amount for reservation. C. Its new ticketing system was introduced first. D. It features the highest point in eastern America. 3. Where should a visitor go to appreciate the sunrise? A. Montana. B. Utah. C. Maine. D. North Carolina. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国四个需要预订的国家公园。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Arches National Park部分“In 2021, Arches National Park hit the headlines when it was regularly forced to close its gates by 8:00 am as car parks and trails hit their capacities. Some days, the gates stayed closed for five hours before reopening. It was hardly surprising when, in 2023, the park introduced a free site wide timed-entry system for all visitors to Arches. (2021年，拱门国家公园经常在早上8点就因停车场和步道达到容量而被迫关闭大门，这成为了头条新闻。有些日子，大门会关闭五个小时后才重新开放。因此，在2023年，该公园为所有拱门游客推出免费的全景区定时入园系统也就不足为奇了)”可知，由于停车场容量有限，导致公园推出定时入园系统。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Glacier National Park部分中“There is a $2 reservation fee in addition to the park entrance fees. (除了公园门票外，还有2美元的预订费)”和对其它公园介绍可知，冰川国家公园的特别之处在于预订需要收取一定费用。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Acadia National Park部分中“Location: Maine (位置：缅因州)”和“As the highest point on the US eastern seaboard, Cadillac Mountain is a popular destination for visitors to Acadia, particularly sunrise hikers. Reserve your entry for free. (作为美国东海岸的最高点，卡迪拉克山是阿卡迪亚游客，尤其是观看日出的徒步旅行者的热门目的地。可免费预订入园)”可知，游客应该去缅因州欣赏日出。故选C项。 B People who visit Yao Huifen’s workshop often mistake her embroidery (刺绣) for paintings or photographs. It is easy to see why. Yao’s works look so realistic, like oil paintings, Chinese ink wash paintings or photographs. Many of her works have been bought by domestic and foreign museums. The inheritor of embroidery in Suzhou Jiangsu province, was born into a family with a long history in the art. Her grandparents and parents worked in the industry. She started to learn from her grandmother and mother when she was little. Influenced by her father, she always loved to read books about art and aesthetics (美学). She attended lectures on philosophy and art innovation when she was growing up. “You might not use the knowledge in the beginning, but what you read and what you experienced will eventually reflect in your works,” says Yao. For more than 10 years, she learned embroidery from masters of Suzhou embroidery and gradually became famous for her own skill. Elected as a promoter and ambassador of Suzhou embroidery, she has been to many countries for cultural communication, including the United States, France and Italy. Like many cultural heritage items, Suzhou embroidery faces the problem of finding young people to pass the craft on to. The huge input of time and energy required to learn embroidery, Yao admits, has scared away many young people. However, she takes it as her responsibility to attract and train enough inheritors. She cooperated with colleges in Suzhou to open an embroidery course and teach the students for free. Yao has been teaching embroidery lovers at her workshop for many years. Some of her students have set up their own workshops and started to teach others themselves. “Traditional handicrafts need to conform (顺应) to the current aesthetics and cannot linger on the standards of old times. Embroidery techniques should also be improved continuously.” Yao suggests that embroiderers should open up new horizons instead of working in workshops all day long. She visits art exhibitions and museums at every opportunity when she goes to big cities. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A. To compare embroidery with photos. B. To list some mistaken views of embroidery. C. To highlight Yao Huifen’s extraordinary skill. D. To clarify the differences between embroidery and paintings. 5. According to Yao, why are young people unwilling to learn embroidery? A. They find it effort-consuming. B. They lack interest in it. C. They consider it less profitable. D. They have a different taste for beauty. 6. Which of the following words can best describe Yao Huifen? A. Persistent and modest. B. Devoted and disciplined. C. Determined and ambitious. D. Responsible and selfless. 7. What can we infer from the text? A. Yao Huifen prefers working in big cities. B. Embroidery is gradually regaining its fame. C. Yao Huifen has a talent in teaching embroidery. D. Yao Huifen is struggling to inherit Suzhou embroidery. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苏州刺绣传承人姚惠芬的非凡技艺以及她为传承苏州刺绣所做的努力。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“People who visit Yao Huifen’s workshop often mistake her embroidery for paintings or photographs. It is easy to see why. Yao’s works look so realistic, like oil paintings, Chinese ink wash paintings or photographs. (参观姚惠芬工作室的人经常把她的刺绣误认为是画作或照片。很容易看出为什么。姚的作品看起来非常逼真，像油画、中国水墨画或照片。)”可知，作者在第一段描述了姚惠芬的刺绣作品如何被误认为是画作或照片，并强调了她的作品非常逼真，这主要是为了突出姚惠芬的非凡技艺。因此，作者的目的是强调姚惠芬的技艺之高超。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The huge input of time and energy required to learn embroidery, Yao admits, has scared away many young people. (姚承认，学习刺绣需要投入大量的时间和精力，这吓跑了许多年轻人。)”可知，根据姚惠芬的说法，学习刺绣需要投入大量的时间和精力，这正是年轻人不愿意学习刺绣的原因。他们觉得这是一项费力的工作，因此选择避开。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, she takes it as her responsibility to attract and train enough inheritors. She cooperated with colleges in Suzhou to open an embroidery course and teach the students for free. (然而，她将此视为自己的责任，吸引并培养足够的传承人。她与苏州的学院合作开设刺绣课程，并免费教学生。)”可知，从文中可以看出，姚惠芬不仅技艺高超，而且她还主动承担起传承苏州刺绣的责任，与学院合作开设课程并免费教学。这显示出她既负责任又无私。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Like many cultural heritage items, Suzhou embroidery faces the problem of finding young people to pass the craft on to. ... However, she takes it as her responsibility to attract and train enough inheritors. (像许多文化遗产一样，苏州刺绣也面临着找到年轻人来传承这一技艺的问题。……然而，她将此视为自己的责任，吸引并培养足够的传承人。)”可知，从文中可以推断出，苏州刺绣面临着传承的问题，而姚惠芬正在积极努力地去吸引和培养传承人。这显示出她正在为传承苏州刺绣而努力奋斗。故选D。 C It goes without saying that hard physical labor wears you out, but what about hard mental labor? “Influential theories suggested that fatigue (疲惫) is a sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a more gratifying activity,” says Mathias Pessiglione of Pitié-Salpêtrière University in Paris, France. “But our findings show that cognitive work results in a true functional transformation — accumulation of toxic substances — so fatigue would indeed be a signal that makes us stop working but for a different purpose: to preserve the integrity of brain functioning.” Pessiglione and colleagues wanted to understand what mental fatigue really is. They used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to monitor brain chemistry over the course of a workday. They studied two groups of people: those who needed to think hard and those who had relatively simple cognitive tasks. They saw signs of fatigue, only in the group doing hard mental work. Those in that group also exhibited in their choices a change toward options proposing rewards at short delay with minimal effort. Critically, they also had higher levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) in the brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额皮质). Together with earlier evidence, the scientists say it supports the hypothesis that glutamate accumulation makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly, such that cognitive control is more difficult after a mentally tough workday. So, is there some way to overcome this limitation of our brain’s ability to think hard? “Not really, I’m afraid,” Pessiglione said. “I would employ good old recipes: rest and sleep! There is good evidence that glutamate is removed from the brain during sleep.” There may be other practical implications of the findings. For example, the researchers say, monitoring of prefrontal cortex could help to detect severe mental fatigue. Such an ability may help adjust work agendas to avoid burnout. Pessiglione also advises people to avoid making important decisions when they’re tired. 8. What does the underlined word “gratifying” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Relaxing. B. Complex. C. Temporary. D. Rewarding. 9. What does the group performing hard mental work exhibit in the study? A. Fewer signs of mental fatigue. B. Greater motivation and effort. C. Higher efficiency in complex tasks. D. Stronger preference for immediate rewards. 10. What do we know about glutamate accumulation? A. It causes a sense of peaceful mind. B. It enhances brain function in a limited way. C. It signals the brain is emptying its mental energy. D. It decreases the cost of prefrontal cortex activation. 11. What is Pessiglione’s advice for those overwhelmed by mentally demanding tasks? A. Remove them from the work agenda. B. Reduce the complexity of all cognitive tasks. C. Schedule strategic breaks to allow for recovery. D Apply technology to monitoring the brain activity. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了脑力疲惫是什么，脑力疲惫产生时大脑皮层里会发生哪些变化，以及应该采取哪些措施来应对脑力疲惫。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Influential theories suggested that fatigue (疲惫) is a sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to (有影响力的理论认为，疲劳是大脑制造的一种错觉，让我们停止正在做的事情，转而去做)”可推知，疲劳状态下我们会转而去做更为轻松的事，从而缓解疲劳，画线词意思应该是“愉快的，轻松的”。A. Relaxing令人放松的；B. Complex复杂的；C. Temporary短暂的；D. Rewarding有意义的。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They saw signs of fatigue, only in the group doing hard mental work. Those in that group also exhibited in their choices a change toward options proposing rewards at short delay with minimal effort. (他们看到了疲劳的迹象，只有在做艰苦脑力工作的那一组。这一组的人在他们的选择中也表现出了一种变化，即在最短的时间内以最小的努力获得奖励)”可知，在这项研究中，进行艰苦脑力劳动的那一组表现出更强烈的对即时奖励的偏好。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Together with earlier evidence, the scientists say it supports the hypothesis that glutamate accumulation makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly, such that cognitive control is more difficult after a mentally tough workday. (结合之前的证据，科学家们说，这支持了一种假设，即谷氨酸的积累使进一步激活前额叶皮质的成本更高，因此在一个精神紧张的工作日后，认知控制更加困难)”可知，谷氨酸的积累会让认知控制更加困难，这意味着大脑的精神能量在耗尽。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So, is there some way to overcome this limitation of our brain’s ability to think hard? “Not really, I’m afraid,” Pessiglione said. “I would employ good old recipes: rest and sleep! There is good evidence that glutamate is removed from the brain during sleep.” (那么，有没有办法克服我们大脑努力思考能力的限制呢？“恐怕没有，”Pessiglione说。“我会采用古老的良方：休息和睡眠！有充分的证据表明，睡眠时大脑中的谷氨酸会被清除。”)”可知，Pessiglione建议通过休息和睡眠来克服大脑的这一局限性，也就是安排战略性的休息时间来恢复精力。故选C项。 D Do you know the websites that let you name a star after your beloved one, your kid or your dog for a small fee? Yeah, those are all fake— you could pay me to “name” a star for $50, and I’ll take your money and show the name online. I’ll even send you a fancy certificate! It seems that you’ve named a star, but it just doesn’t count. Actually, the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union, or the IAU. It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris, France. It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record-keeping body for all discoveries in space. Recently they do open up an opportunity for the public to name a dozen of planets outside the solar system. These planets will be among the first to be studied with the James Webb Space Telescope. However, they currently only have boring and complicated documents that were used to find them. That’s why the IAU is looking for something more interesting. But before you start naming the planets, you should know the rules. First, nothing is rude or annoying. Second, the name should be less than 16 characters long and pronounceable in at least one language with no commercial or business names and nothing is named after a living individual or a pet. The competition, named “Stars Worlds”, is open next Thursday, January 20th. It’s the third such contest the IAU has held, and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization. The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky. So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history. 12. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By listing figures. B. By taking an example. C. By offering a solution. D. By showing differences. 13. What can we know about the IAU from the passage? A. It was founded by France. B. It studies the space telescope. C. It organizes trips to the space. D. It has the right to name the stars. 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Why the competition is held. B. How the competition develops. C. What to expect in the competition. D. How to take part in the competition. 15. Where is this passage most likely taken from? A. A novel. B. A textbook. C. A diary. D. A magazine. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了拥有行星命名权的官方机构——国际天文学联盟、该机构举办的第三届给星球命名的公众活动及活动规则。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yeah, those are all fake— you could pay me to “name” a star for $50, and I’ll take your money and show the name online. I’ll even send you a fancy certificate! It seems that you’ve named a star, but it just doesn’t count.”（是的，这些都是假的——你可以花50美元给我“命名”一个行星，我会拿着你的钱在网上展示这个名字。我甚至会给你寄一份精美的证书！看起来你已经命名了一颗行星，但这并不算数。）可知，为了让读者对骗子网站的操作一目了然，作者以自己可以随意给行星命名来举例引出本文的主要内容——介绍IAU组织及其给星球命名的活动。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Actually, the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union, or the IAU. It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris, France. It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record-keeping body for all discoveries in space.”（事实上，唯一拥有官方命名权的组织是国际天文学联合会，简称IAU。它成立于1919年，总部设在法国巴黎。它是天文学家和其他专业人士达成协议的地方，也是所有太空发现的官方记录保存机构。）可知，从文章中我们可以了解到关于IAU，它有权为星星命名。故选D项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The competition, named “Stars Worlds”, is open next Thursday, January 20th. It’s the third such contest the IAU has held, and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization. The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky. So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history.”（这场名为“群星世界”的比赛将于1月20日（下周四开）幕。这是国际天文学联合会第三次举办这样的比赛，目的是让公众对科学和该组织更感兴趣。这项竞赛还有助于打破欧洲在夜空天体命名方面几个世纪以来的主导地位。这样世界各地的人们就可以分享发现的喜悦，并在历史上留下自己的印记。）可知，最后一段主要讲的是活动举办的目的。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中的“The competition, named ‘Stars Worlds’, is open next Thursday, January 20th.”（这场名为“群星世界”的比赛将于1月20日（下周四）开幕。）可知，本文介绍了真正拥有行星命名权的组织机构，本文时效性较强，应该是从报刊杂志上节选出来的。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Green Is Good Planting and growing things offers a lot more than fresh vegetables and flowers. Working in a nice outdoor space can help you control weight, help you stay fit, and sharpen your mind – and that’s just for starters. There are more advantages. It’s a fun workout. ___16___ But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull, knowing it’s doing you good physically might make it more entertaining. You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower etc. ___17___ Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose – and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise. It reduces your risk of heart disease. Even though gardening may not involve high-intensity exercise, it still provides heart-health benefits. ___18___ The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction that ‘playing in the dirt’ provides. ___19___ Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene (卫生), but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy. It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength. Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. ___20___ A. It boosts your immune system. B. It helps you stay fit physically and psychologically. C. In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack. D. It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy. E. Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles. F. The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. G. More than just good exercise for your body, gardening provides a workout for your brain. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从事园艺的好处。 【16题详解】 由下文“But if you find the idea of working in a garden a bit dull (但如果你觉得在花园里工作有点无聊)”可知，本空与下文为转折关系，要说跟“在花园里工作好”有关的话题，故D选项“It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy. (在一个美丽的日子里到花园里打扫一下真是太好了。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。 【17题详解】 由上文“You plant seeds, pull up weeds, move pots, and push a lawnmower etc. (你播种，拔草，搬花盆，推割草机等等。)”可知，本空要说跟“这些园艺活动”有关的话题，由下文“Even better, whatever your age, it is an activity with a purpose – and one that might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise. (更棒的是，无论你的年龄多大，它都是一项有目的的活动——它可能会让你比传统运动保持更长时间的运动。)”可知，本空要说跟“园艺活动与年龄”有关的话题，故F选项“The gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body workout for adults over 65 years old. (园艺任务实际上为65岁以上的成年人提供了全身锻炼。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 【18题详解】 由小标题“It reduces your risk of heart disease. (它能降低你患心脏病的风险。)”可知，本空要说跟“降低心脏病风险”有关的话题，故C选项“In fact, gardening can contribute to reducing the risk of a heart attack. (事实上，园艺有助于降低心脏病发作的风险。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 【19题详解】 空处为本段小标题，由下文“Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may improve your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier, according to research that includes a 2015 study published in the international journal Immuno Targets and Therapy. (根据一项研究，包括2015年发表在国际期刊《免疫目标与治疗》上的一项研究，由于土壤中发现的有益细菌，园艺可以改善你的免疫系统，帮助你少生病，更容易抵抗感染。)”可知，本空要说跟“免疫系统”有关的话题，故A选项“It boosts your immune system. (它能增强你的免疫系统。)”可以作为小标题。故选A。 【20题详解】 由小标题“It increases co-ordination (配合) and strength. (它能增强协调性和力量。)”及上文“Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children. (手和手指的力量、灵活性和协调性对于打开罐子、搬运包裹和接孩子等日常工作至关重要。)”可知，本空要说跟“增强协调性和力量”有关的话题，故E选项“Gardening is a great way to maintain those fine motor (肌肉运动的) skills and muscles. (园艺是保持肌肉运动的技能和肌肉的好方法。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well. So it was a ____21____ when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden ____22____ to hike the hill with my two daughters. Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately ____23____ northwestward. While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds... These really made their ____24____. As the shadows started to ____25____, we moved further up. Soon, weariness began to ____26____ enthusiasm. We decided to return. Instead of backtracking over our ____27____ route, I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill, ____28____ my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road. But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of ____29____: Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it ____30____ in my hand in the cold air. ____31____, I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly ____32____ myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking. Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually ____33____ the road. That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology. If my phone had ____34____ then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old ____35____ of depending on surroundings and life skills. 21. A. challenge B. shock C. reward D. reminder 22. A. discovery B. response C. worry D. urge 23. A. escaped B. drove C. headed D. looked 24. A. reputation B. dream C. day D. way 25. A. lengthen B. swing C. emerge D. fade 26. A. fuel B. witness C. overlook D. outpace 27. A. original B. rough C. offbeat D. roundabout 28. A. appreciating B. trusting C. envisioning D. assessing 29. A. curiosity B. comparison C. doubt D. anticipation 30. A. died B. slipped C. flashed D. rang 31. A. Reportedly B. Admittedly C. Seemingly D. Surprisingly 32. A. exposed B. composed C. defended D. behaved 33. A. got off B. laid down C. came across D. made out 34. A. worked B. remained C. changed D. overheated 35. A. theory B. standard C. practice D. routine 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者带女儿登山在熟悉的树林迷路，手机失灵无法确认位置后凭周围环境找到路，领悟到不应该习惯性依赖科技。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我发现自己在那里迷路时，这真是一件令人震惊的事情。A. challenge挑战；B. shock令人震惊的事；C. reward奖励；D. reminder引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物。根据上文“I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.”以及下文“when I found myself lost there”可知，作者对这片树林很熟悉，却在里面迷路了，这是件令人震惊的事。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：二月的一个阴沉寒冷的下午，我突然有一种冲动，要和我的两个女儿一起去爬山。A. discovery发现；B. response回答，反应；C. worry担心；D. urge冲动。根据上文“One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden”以及下文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”可知，作者在这寒冷的下午突然想和女儿们去爬山，即突然有和女儿们去爬山的冲动。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们穿上雪鞋，立即向西北方向走去。A. escaped逃跑；B. drove开车；C. headed朝……方向去；D. looked看。根据下文“northwestward”以及语境可知，作者一行人要去爬山，此处表示作者一行人朝西北方向走。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些真的让她们开心了一整天。A. reputation名声；B. dream梦想；C. day一天；D. way路。根据上文“While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...”以及下文中“enthusiasm”可知，孩子们在爬山的过程中，不时停下来观察未知的植物，看废弃的鹿床，这些活动让她们充满热情，让她们很开心；固定搭配make one’s day意为“使某人非常高兴”符合语境。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着影子开始变长，我们继续往上走。A. lengthen(使)变长；B. swing摇摆；C. emerge出现；D. fade褪色。根据上文“One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden ____5____ to hike the hill with my two daughters”以及“As the shadows started to”可知，作者和女儿们是下午开始爬山，随着时间推移，太阳西斜、落山，人的影子开始变长。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，疲惫开始超过热情。A. fuel给……提供燃料；B. witness目击；C. overlook忽视；D. outpace超过。根据上文“Soon, weariness began to”以及下文“We decided to return.”可知，登山疲惫开始超过热情，作者一行人决定返回。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们没有沿着原来的路线返回，而是选择走下山陡峭的一面，相信我们前面有一条小溪会指引我们走到路上。A. original原来的，原创的；B. rough粗糙的；C. offbeat不寻常的，标新立异的；D. roundabout迂回的，拐弯抹角的。根据上文“Instead of backtracking over our”可知，作者一行人没有沿着原来的路线返回。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有沿着原来的路线返回，而是选择从山陡峭的那面下山，相信我们前面有一条小溪会指引我们走到路上。A. appreciating欣赏；B. trusting相信；C. envisioning想象；D. assessing评估。根据下文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可知，作者相信自己的直觉，认为前面有一条小溪会指引他们走到回去的路上。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当地形变得平坦时，我第一次产生了怀疑：小溪在哪里？我们偏离路线了吗？A. curiosity好奇心；B. comparison比较；C. doubt怀疑；D. anticipation期待。根据下文“Where was the stream? Were we off course?”可知，没看到小溪让作者开始怀疑，是否偏离了路线。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本能地掏出手机想确定我的位置，但它却在寒冷的空气中在我手中失灵了。A. died停止运转；B. slipped滑落；C. flashed闪烁；D. rang响起铃声。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky.”以及“If my phone had ___14___ then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old ___15___ of depending on surroundings and life skills.”可知，作者想用手机确认自己的位置，但是手机由于低温停止运行，所以作者感觉有点恐慌。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：诚然，我开始感到有点恐慌。A. Reportedly据说，据报道；B. Admittedly诚然，无可否认；C. Seemingly似乎；D. Surprisingly惊人地。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky. However, I quickly ___12___ myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking.”可知，作者承认由于手机由于低温停止运行无法确认位置，自己开始感到恐慌。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快让自己镇定下来，安慰女儿们继续走。A. exposed暴露；B. composed使镇静，使镇定；C. defended防御；D. behaved表现。根据上文“I started feeling a bit panicky.”以及下文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知，作者很快让自己镇定下来，安慰女儿们继续走。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我专注于地标，发现了一棵熟悉树，最终辨认出了大路。A. got off下车；B. laid down放下；C. came across(偶然)遇见，碰见；D. made out辨认出。根据上文“Were we off course?”以及“I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者发现了熟悉的树，辨认出了路。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机当时还能用，我可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走，而忽略了依靠周围环境和生存技能的旧习惯。A. worked工作，运转；B. remained保持；C. changed改变；D. overheated过热。根据上文“I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it ___10___ in my hand in the cold air.”以及下文“I might have directly followed the BDS”可知，此处是虚拟语气，对过去情况的假设，如果手机还能正常工作、还能用，作者可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机当时还能用，我可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走，而忽略了依靠周围环境和生存技能的旧习惯。A. theory理论；B. standard标准；C. practice惯常做的事，习惯；D. routine常规。根据下文“of depending on surroundings and life skills”可知，此处指依靠周围环境和生存技能是惯常做法、旧习惯。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Two graduates, from Central China Normal University in Wuhan, Hubei Province, using the names Wanwan and Chaochao, ____36____ (upload) a 17-minute video online late last year about their lives over the past five years. In the video, Wanwan, ____37____ has taken up a dozen jobs since graduating five years ago, said she now only has 5,000 yuan. Her roommate Chaochao got a master’s degree in scriptwriting (编剧) from Communication University of China. But ____38____ consequence of a tough job market, she had great difficulty ____39____ (obtain) a job in the film industry. Last year, she started to learn painting but she said she had to work part-time as a cleaner at a hotpot restaurant to support ____40____ (she). “When you can accept your failure, you will feel that it is not that bad. When working at the hotpot restaurant, my biggest ____41____ (comfortable) is that I won’t starve to death no matter what is next,” Chaochao said. “There are many roads in our lives, and no matter which direction you go, you will ____42____ (eventual) find your own road.” The video was one of the trending videos of last year, gaining more than 5.44 million views and more than 26,000 comments since it ____43____ (release), with many netizens sharing their own failures in the comments section. Netizens said they were warmed by their courage to share failures with the public, strong determination ____44____ (achieve) their goals, optimism in the face of hardships ____45____ spirit of never giving up. 【答案】36. uploaded 37. who 38. in 39. obtaining 40. herself 41. comfort 42. eventually 43. was released 44. to achieve 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。湖北武汉华中师范大学的两名毕业生由于就业市场不景气在网上上传了关于自己生活的视频，介绍了自己“高开低走”的就业经历，引起了网友的热评。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：去年年底，湖北武汉华中师范大学两名毕业生，使用弯弯的和超超的名字，在网上上传了一段17分钟的视频，讲述了她们过去五年的生活。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。根据时间状语“late last year”可知，应为一般过去时。故填uploaded。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在视频中，自从五年前毕业以来，弯弯已经做了十几份工作，她说她现在只有5000元。分析句子成分可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接代词，指代先行词“Wanwan”，为人，且在从句中充当主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：但由于就业市场不景气，她很难在电影行业找到一份工作。固定搭配in consequence of...“因为……”。故填in。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但由于就业市场不景气，她很难在电影行业找到一份工作。固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在……有困难”，该空用动名词形式。故填obtaining。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：去年，她开始学习绘画，但她说她不得不在一家火锅店兼职做清洁工来养活自己。照应宾语从句主语“she”可知，主宾一致用反身代词herself。故填herself。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：在火锅店工作时，我最大的安慰是，不管接下来发生什么，我都不会饿死。应为不可数名词comfort作主语。故填comfort。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：“人生有很多条路，无论你朝哪个方向走，最终都会找到属于自己的路。”应为副词eventually作作状语，修饰动词“find”。故填eventually。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：该视频是去年的热门视频之一，自发布以来获得了超过544万次观看和2.6万多条评论，许多网友在评论区分享了自己的失败经历。分析句子成分可知，空处应为“since”引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词。根据句意可知，发布视频为过去的动作，应为一般过去时。且照应从句主语“it”，为被动关系，故用被动语态。且用单数。故填was released。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：网友们表示，她们与公众分享失败的勇气、实现目标的坚定决心、面对困难的乐观态度和永不放弃的精神让他们感到温暖。应为不定式形式作后置定语修饰抽象名词“determination”。故填to achieve。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：网友们表示，她们与公众分享失败的勇气、实现目标的坚定决心、面对困难的乐观态度和永不放弃的精神让他们感到温暖。分析句子成分可知，应为并列的名词“courage”，“determination”，“optimism”和“spirit”作介词“by”的宾语，用并列连词and。故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是校英文报记者李华，上周五你校成功举办了一场国学经典诵读大赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.活动简介； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Traditional Chinese Classics Recitation Competition Held in Our School Last Friday, our school witnessed a remarkable event — the Traditional Chinese Classics Recitation Competition, aiming to raise students’ interest in traditional Chinese culture and improve their language level. The competition attracted numerous participants from different grades. Contestants presented classic poems with elegant costumes and vivid expressions, bringing ancient wisdom to life. Their recitations, accompanied by soft music, were so engaging that the audience was deeply absorbed. The event received an enthusiastic response. Students said it not only offered a platform to show talent but also deepened their understanding of Chinese classics. It’s hoped that more such activities will be held to carry forward our splendid culture. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道学校举办的一场国学经典诵读大赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 目的是：aim to→intend to 提高：improve→enhance 许多：numerous→a large number of 提供：offer→provide 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last Friday, our school witnessed a remarkable event — the Traditional Chinese Classics Recitation Competition, aiming to raise students’ interest in traditional Chinese culture and improve their language level. 拓展句：Last Friday, our school witnessed a remarkable event — the Traditional Chinese Classics Recitation Competition, which aimed to raise students’ interest in traditional Chinese culture and improve their language level. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Their recitations, accompanied by soft music, were so engaging that the audience was deeply absorbed.（运用了“so…that…”引导的状语从句以及过去分词短语作后置定语） 【高分句型2】Students said it not only offered a platform to show talent but also deepened their understanding of Chinese classics.（运用了省略that的宾语从句以及“not only…but also…”连接的并列结构） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My parents were always against me owning my own pet, afraid of the mess it would make or that I would quickly lose interest in taking care of it, but we made a compromise: I could volunteer at a local pet shelter on the weekends to test my sense of responsibility and dedication. That was how I first came to volunteer at the Avondale pet shelter and—more importantly—where I met my future best friend, Chocolate. One hot August afternoon, my boss Charlie told me that they were bringing in a young black Labrador Retriever and that I’d be its primary caretaker. An hour after our conversation and in came Chocolate—a beautiful dog with shining brown fur and amazing blue eyes. At about 3 months old, I expected him to be a lot more energetic and playful, but he immediately backed and lay down at the back of his pen (围栏). I asked Charlie what was the matter with him. He replied that Chocolate had a genetic problem which caused him to be born with a short tail, leading potential owners to think there was something wrong with him; so the breeder felt that they had no choice but to give up the puppy to the shelter. He was overlooked and underappreciated. I felt very angry at the thought that an otherwise healthy dog could be thrown away so easily. At the same time, I felt a deep sympathy for this dog who had been cheated out of the love and attention he deserved. It was at this moment that I resolved to give Chocolate as much love and attention as I could while working as a volunteer. Although Chocolate was reluctant and shy at first. eventually through enough treats and play he slowly came around and warmed up to me. Soon enough, whenever I came around his pen to let him out for his turn of walks and play, Chocolate was always excited and jumping with joy. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As time passed by, the connection between Chocolate and I grew stronger and stronger. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: One day, Charlie said Chocolate must find a home soon or he would be removed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: As time passed by, the connection between Chocolate and I grew stronger and stronger. The grassland of the shelter often witnessed heartwarming and harmonious scenes where a girl and a dog chased after each other, or curdled together, leisurely enjoying sunshine’s caress. With my company and care, Chocolate’s previous shyness and timidity gave way to curiosity and enthusiasm. So attached was he to me that he even bit my trousers to stop my pace when I had to head home. Magically, whenever I approached him, my heart would brim with warmth and affection, a sense of responsibility to protect him rising deep down. Perceiving him as my best friend, I resolved to attend to him well and sheltered him from any potential harm. One day, Charlie said Chocolate must find a home soon or he would be removed. The news struck me like a bolt from the blue, making my heart sink with deep concern that he would be ruthlessly abandoned again. However, it suddenly struck me that I could be Chocolate’s owner. Filled with eagerness and anticipation, I pleaded with my parents to allow me to keep Chocolate. Beyond my wildest dreams, they should approve of my request, telling me “Honey, your unconditional love and continuous devotion to Chocolate eventually made us change our original idea.” Now, it is a blessing that Chocolate has become my family member and it is he that awakens me to the realization that nothing can be a greater delight than dedicating love and reaping trust in reward. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者很想拥有自己的宠物，但遭到了父母的反对，后来两方都妥协了，作者在宠物收容所做志愿者，以测试责任感和奉献精神。在这里，作者遇到了一只被忽视的拉布拉多猎犬Chocolate。收容所的负责人Charlie让作者担任Chocolate的主要看护人，并告知作者它因为基因问题导致短尾巴，不被人们接受，所以被送至收容所。作者为此感到生气，对Chocolate充满同情，决定给它更多的爱和关注。虽然起初Chocolate很害羞，但经过作者耐心的陪伴，它开始与作者建立了亲密关系，每次见到作者都会表现出兴奋与欢喜。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“随着时间的流逝，Chocolate和我之间的联系越来越紧密”可知，第一段可描写作者和Chocolate之间日常亲密相处的情景，以及作者由此非常珍视Chocolate，内心产生责任感。 ②由第二段首句内容“有一天，Charlie说Chocolate必须尽快找到一个家，否则就会被赶走”可知，第二段可描写作者因为这个消息而非常难过，想出了自己可以收养Charlie的解决方法，并得到了父母的同意，以及作者从这段经历中得到的感悟。 2. 续写线索：作者和Chocolate联系更紧密——作者和Chocolate亲密相处——作者产生责任感——Chocolate需要尽快找到一个家——作者收养Chocolate——作者的感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①追逐：chase after/run after ②回家：head home/go home ③照顾：attend to/take care of ④抛弃：abandon/desert ⑤改变：change/alter ⑥收获：reap/harvest/gain 情绪类 ①热情：enthusiasm/passion/keenness ②担忧：concern/worry ③喜悦：delight/joy/happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1] The grassland of the shelter often witnessed heartwarming and harmonious scenes where a girl and a dog chased after each other, or curdled together, leisurely enjoying sunshine’s caress. (where引导限制性定语从句、现在分词短语作状语) [高分句型2] So attached was he to me that he even bit my trousers to stop my pace when I had to head home. (so…that…引导结果状语从句、when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] The news struck me like a bolt from the blue, making my heart sink with deep concern that he would be ruthlessly abandoned again. (现在分词短语作状语、that引导同位语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$