内容正文:
沪教版 必修一Unit 1 Our world. 期末派生法背记单词
序号
原词
例句
派生词
例句
1
digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ adj. 数字信息系统的;数码的;数字式的
Most families now have digital TVs at home.(现在大多数家庭家里都有数字电视。)
1. digit /ˈdɪdʒɪt/ n. 数字;位数2. digitally /ˈdɪdʒɪtəli/ adv. 数字地;数码地
1. The number 123 has three digits.(数字123有三位。)2. The photo was digitally edited to make colors brighter.(这张照片经过数码编辑,让色彩更鲜艳。)
2
typical /ˈtɪpɪkl/ adj. 典型的;有代表性的;(of sb/sth)不出所料的;特有的
It’s typical of him to be late for meetings.(开会迟到是他的一贯作风。)
1. typically /ˈtɪpɪkli/ adv. 典型地;通常2. typicality /ˌtɪpɪˈkæləti/ n. 典型性;代表性
1. He typically gets up at 7 o’clock in the morning.(他通常早上7点起床。)2. The novel has the typicality of rural life in the 1980s.(这部小说具有20世纪80年代乡村生活的典型性。)
3
event /ɪˈvent/ n. 发生的事情;(尤指)重要的事情,大事
The opening ceremony of the sports meeting is a big event.(运动会开幕式是件大事。)
1. eventful /ɪˈventfl/ adj. 多事的;充满重大事件的2. eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/ adv. 最终;终于
1. Last year was an eventful year for our family—we moved and my sister got married.(去年对我们家来说是多事的一年——我们搬了家,我妹妹也结婚了。)2. He tried many times and eventually passed the driving test.(他尝试了很多次,最终通过了驾照考试。)
4
routine /ruːˈtiːn/ n. 常规;正常顺序
Morning exercise is part of my daily routine.(晨练是我日常常规的一部分。)
1. routine /ruːˈtiːn/ adj. 常规的;例行的;日常的2. routinely /ruːˈtiːnli/ adv. 常规地;例行公事地
1. We have a routine meeting every Monday afternoon.(我们每周一下午有一次例行会议。)2. The machine is routinely checked to make sure it works well.(这台机器会定期检查,确保运行正常。)
5
scene /siːn/ n. 场面;片段;镜头;(尤指不愉快事情发生的)地点,现场
The police arrived at the scene of the accident quickly.(警察很快到达了事故现场。)
1. scenic /ˈsiːnɪk/ adj. 风景优美的;舞台布景的2. scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景;景色;舞台布景(不可数名词)
1. We took a scenic route to the mountain village.(我们走了一条风景优美的路去山村。)2. The scenery along the lake is breathtaking.(湖边的景色令人惊叹。)
6
earn /ɜːn/ v. 挣得;赚得;挣钱
He earns a living by repairing cars.(他靠修车谋生。)
1. earnings /ˈɜːnɪŋz/ n. 收入;所得(不可数名词)2. earnable /ˈɜːnəbl/ adj. 可赚得的
1. His monthly earnings are about 8,000 yuan.(他的月收入大约8000元。)2. The bonus is earnable if you finish the task on time.(如果你按时完成任务,这笔奖金是可以赚到的。)
7
death /deθ/ n. 死亡;死
The death of his grandfather made him very sad.(祖父的去世让他很伤心。)
1. die /daɪ/ v. 死;去世;消亡2. dead /ded/ adj. 死的;去世的;无生命的
1. Flowers will die if you don’t water them.(如果你不给花浇水,它们会死的。)2. The dead tree was cut down to make space for a new park.(那棵枯树被砍倒了,为新公园腾出空间。)
8
type /taɪp/ n. 类型;种类
What type of music do you like best?(你最喜欢哪种类型的音乐?)
1. type /taɪp/ v. 打字;归类2. typist /ˈtaɪpɪst/ n. 打字员
1. She can type 60 words per minute.(她每分钟能打60个字。)2. My aunt used to work as a typist in a company.(我姑姑以前在一家公司当打字员。)
9
unique /juˈniːk/ adj. 独特的;唯一的
This ring has a unique design—you can’t find the same one.(这枚戒指设计独特,你找不到一模一样的。)
1. uniquely /juˈniːkli/ adv. 独特地;唯一地2. uniqueness /juˈniːknəs/ n. 独特性;唯一性
1. This artist expresses emotions uniquely in his paintings.(这位艺术家在画作中独特地表达情感。)2. The uniqueness of the ancient building lies in its special roof.(这座古建筑的独特性在于它特殊的屋顶。)
10
respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 反应;回应
He didn’t respond to my message until the next day.(他直到第二天才回复我的消息。)
1. response /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 回应;答复;反应2. responsive /rɪˈspɒnsɪv/ adj. 有反应的;易响应的
1. We are waiting for the manager’s response to our proposal.(我们在等经理对我们提案的答复。)2. The teacher is very responsive to students’ questions.(这位老师对学生的问题反应很积极。)
11
select /sɪˈlekt/ v. 选择;挑选
She selected a red dress for the party.(她为派对选了一条红色连衣裙。)
1. selection /sɪˈlekʃn/ n. 选择;挑选;被选中的人或物2. selective /sɪˈlektɪv/ adj. 选择性的;有选择的
1. The selection of books in this library is very wide.(这家图书馆的书籍选择范围很广。)2. She is selective about her friends—she only makes friends with kind people.(她交朋友很挑剔,只和善良的人做朋友。)
12
organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 机构;团体;组织
This is a non-profit organization that helps poor children.(这是一个帮助贫困儿童的非营利组织。)
1. organize /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ v. 组织;安排;筹备2. organized /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ adj. 有组织的;有条理的
1. We need to organize a charity sale to raise money.(我们需要组织一场慈善义卖来筹款。)2. He is very organized—his desk is always neat.(他很有条理,桌子总是很整洁。)
13
partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ n. 搭档;同伴;配偶;v. 结成伙伴
She is my partner in the English speech competition.(她是我英语演讲比赛的搭档。)
partnership /ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/ n. 伙伴关系;合作关系
The two companies established a long-term partnership.(这两家公司建立了长期的合作关系。)
14
improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. (使)改进;(使)改善
His English has improved a lot since he started taking lessons.(自从开始上课,他的英语进步了很多。)
1. improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 改进;改善;提高2. improved /ɪmˈpruːvd/ adj. 改进的;改善的
1. There is a big improvement in his math score this term.(这学期他的数学成绩有很大提高。)2. The improved version of the app is easier to use.(这款应用的改进版更好用了。)
15
currently /ˈkʌrəntli/ adv. 当前;现在
He is currently working on a new project.(他目前正在做一个新项目。)
current /ˈkʌrənt/ adj. 当前的;现在的;流行的;n. 水流;电流;趋势
1. This is the current situation of the company.(这是公司目前的状况。)2. The current in this river is too strong for swimming.(这条河的水流太急,不适合游泳。)
16
schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/ n. 工作计划;日程安排
I have a busy schedule today—I have three meetings.(我今天日程很忙,有三个会议。)
1. schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/ v. 安排;为……安排时间2. scheduled /ˈʃedjuːld/ adj. 预定的;安排好的
1. We scheduled the meeting for next Friday morning.(我们把会议安排在下周五上午。)2. The train is scheduled to arrive at 9:30 am.(火车预定上午9点30分到达。)
17
conference /ˈkɒnfərəns/ n. 会议
Our school will hold an education conference next month.(我们学校下个月将举办一场教育会议。)
1. confer /kənˈfɜː(r)/ v. 商讨;协商;授予(学位、荣誉等)2. conferral /kənˈfɜːrəl/ n. 授予;协商
1. The leaders conferred on how to solve the problem.(领导们商讨如何解决这个问题。)2. The conferral of degrees will be held in the school hall.(学位授予仪式将在学校礼堂举行。)
18
quality /ˈkwɒləti/ n. 质量;品质
The quality of this product is very good—it lasts a long time.(这款产品质量很好,很耐用。)
1. qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v. (使)具有资格;限定;修饰2. qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 有资格的;胜任的;限定的
1. You need to pass the exam to qualify for the job.(你需要通过考试才能获得这份工作的资格。)2. She is qualified to teach English because she has a teaching certificate.(她有教师资格证,能胜任英语教学工作。)
19
acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 获得;习得
He acquired a lot of knowledge by reading books.(他通过读书获得了很多知识。)
1. acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ n. 获得;习得;收购2. acquisitive /əˈkwɪzətɪv/ adj. 渴望获得的(侧重物质)
1. The acquisition of a second language takes time and practice.(第二语言的习得需要时间和练习。)2. Some people are acquisitive and always want more money.(有些人很贪财,总是想要更多的钱。)
20
challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 困难;挑战(测试能力的)
Learning to play the piano is a big challenge for me.(学弹钢琴对我来说是个大挑战。)
1. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ v. 挑战;质疑2. challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 具有挑战性的;困难的
1. He challenged me to a game of chess.(他向我挑战下象棋。)2. This math problem is very challenging—few students can solve it.(这道数学题很有挑战性,没几个学生能解出来。)
21
volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 义务工作者;志愿者;v. 自愿做;义务做
She works as a volunteer in a hospital every weekend.(她每周周末在医院做志愿者。)
1. voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的;志愿的2. voluntarily /ˌvɒləntrəli/ adv. 自愿地
1. He made a voluntary donation to the charity.(他自愿向慈善机构捐款。)2. She volunteered voluntarily to help clean the park.(她自愿帮忙打扫公园。)
22
location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 地方;地点;位置
The hotel has a good location—it’s near the train station.(这家酒店位置很好,靠近火车站。)
1. locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v. 定位;找到……的位置;位于2. located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/ adj. 位于……的;坐落在……的
1. Can you help me locate my lost keys?(你能帮我找到丢失的钥匙吗?)2. Our school is located in the center of the city.(我们学校位于市中心。)
23
length /leŋθ/ n. (持续)时间的长短;长度
The length of the river is about 500 kilometers.(这条河的长度大约500公里。)
1. lengthen /ˈleŋθən/ v. (使)变长;延长2. lengthy /ˈleŋθi/ adj. 漫长的;冗长的
1. The days lengthen in spring as the weather gets warmer.(春天天气变暖和,白天也变长了。)2. The meeting was too lengthy—we sat for three hours.(这个会议太冗长了,我们坐了三个小时。)
24
electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电;电能
We can’t live without electricity in modern life.(现代生活中,我们离不开电。)
1. electric /ɪˈlektrɪk/ adj. 电的;电动的;导电的2. electrical /ɪˈlektrɪkl/ adj. 与电有关的;电气的(侧重领域)
1. My parents bought an electric car to protect the environment.(我父母买了一辆电动车来保护环境。)2. He studies electrical engineering at university.(他在大学里学电气工程。)
25
material /məˈtɪəriəl/ n. (某一活动所需的)材料;物质
We need to buy some art materials for the class.(我们需要为这节课买一些美术材料。)
1. material /məˈtɪəriəl/ adj. 物质的;实际的;重要的2. materially /məˈtɪəriəli/ adv. 物质上;实际上
1. The company provides material support for the project.(这家公司为这个项目提供物质支持。)2. His life has improved materially since he got a better job.(自从找到更好的工作,他的生活在物质上有了改善。)
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senior /ˈsiːniə(r)/ adj. 高级的;n. 较年长的人;高年级学生
He is a senior student in high school—he will graduate next year.(他是高中高年级学生,明年毕业。)
seniority /ˌsiːniˈɒrəti/ n. 资历;年长;职位高
Seniority is important in this company—older employees get better benefits.(这家公司看重资历,老员工能得到更好的福利。)
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junior /ˈdʒuːniə(r)/ adj. 初级的;n. 较年幼的人;低年级学生
She is a junior nurse—she just started working last month.(她是初级护士,上个月刚入职。)
juniority /ˌdʒuːniˈɒrəti/ n. 年少;资历浅
Juniority doesn’t mean you can’t do a good job—you just need more practice.(资历浅不代表你做不好工作,你只是需要更多练习。)
28
freedom /ˈfriːdəm/ n. (权利或状态)自由;自主
Children should have the freedom to choose their own hobbies.(孩子们应该有选择自己爱好的自由。)
1. free /friː/ adj. 自由的;免费的;adv. 自由地;v. 释放2. freely /ˈfriːli/ adv. 自由地;随意地;慷慨地
1. You can use the library for free.(你可以免费使用这家图书馆。)2. You can speak freely—no one will judge you.(你可以自由发言,没人会评判你。)
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exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探究;研究;探测
The exploration of space has always been a human dream.(太空探索一直是人类的梦想。)
1. explore /ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/ v. 探索;探究;考察2. explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ n. 探险家;探索者
1. We need to explore new ways to solve this problem.(我们需要探索解决这个问题的新方法。)2. Columbus was a famous explorer who discovered America.(哥伦布是著名的探险家,他发现了美洲。)
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edit /ˈedɪt/ v. 编辑,校订(文章、书籍等);剪辑(影片)
She spent two hours editing the article for the school newspaper.(她花了两个小时为校报编辑这篇文章。)
1. editor /ˈedɪtə(r)/ n. 编辑;剪辑师2. edition /ɪˈdɪʃn/ n. 版本;版次;(报纸)一期
1. Her mother works as an editor for a publishing house.(她妈妈在一家出版社当编辑。)2. This is the latest edition of the dictionary.(这是这本词典的最新版本。)
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particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/ adj. 专指的;特指的;特别的;挑剔的
She is very particular about her food—she doesn’t eat spicy dishes.(她对食物很挑剔,不吃辣菜。)
particularly /pəˈtɪkjələli/ adv. 特别;尤其
I particularly like the blue dress in the shop window.(我特别喜欢橱窗里的那条蓝色连衣裙。)
32
element /ˈelɪmənt/ n. 元素;要素;成分
Water is made up of two elements—hydrogen and oxygen.(水由氢和氧两种元素组成。)
elementary /ˌelɪˈmentri/ adj. 基本的;初级的;基础的(如 elementary school 小学)
We learned elementary math, like addition and subtraction, in primary school.(我们在小学学过基础数学,比如加减法。)
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behaviour /bɪˈheɪviə(r)/ n. 行为;举止
Good behaviour is important for students in class.(良好的行为举止对课堂上的学生很重要。)
1. behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现;举止端正;守规矩(如 behave oneself 守规矩)2. behavioural /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/ adj. 行为的(侧重学科领域,如 behavioural science 行为科学)
1. The teacher told the children to behave themselves in the museum.(老师告诉孩子们在博物馆里要守规矩。)2. This book talks about behavioural patterns of young people.(这本书探讨了年轻人的行为模式。)
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related /rɪˈleɪtɪd/ adj. 相关的;有联系的
English and German are related languages—they have similar words.(英语和德语是相关语言,有很多相似的单词。)
1. relate /rɪˈleɪt/ v. 联系;关联;讲述2. relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ n. 关系;联系;亲属
1. Can you relate this story to your own life?(你能把这个故事和自己的生活联系起来吗?)2. There is a close relation between diet and health.(饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。)
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tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统;惯例
It’s a tradition in our family to have dinner together on Sundays.(周日一起吃晚饭是我们家的传统。)
1. traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/ adj. 传统的2. traditionally /trəˈdɪʃənəli/ adv. 传统上;习惯上
1. We eat traditional food like dumplings during the Spring Festival.(春节期间我们会吃饺子这样的传统食物。)2. Traditionally, men were the main breadwinners in families.(传统上,男人是家庭的主要经济支柱。)
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reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 显示,表明;反射;思考
The mirror reflects light, so the room looks brighter.(镜子反射光线,所以房间看起来更亮。)
1. reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 反射;倒影;思考;看法(如 on reflection 经过思考)2. reflective /rɪˈflektɪv/ adj. 反射的;沉思的
1. You can see your reflection in the lake.(你能在湖里看到自己的倒影。)2. He is a reflective person who often thinks about his mistakes.(他是个爱思考的人,经常反思自己的错误。)
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respect /rɪˈspekt/ n. 尊重;敬意;方面;v. 尊重;敬佩
We should show respect to our parents and teachers.(我们应该尊重父母和老师。)
1. respectful /rɪˈspektfəl/ adj. 恭敬的;尊重的(侧重态度,如 be respectful to sb 尊重某人)2. respectable /rɪˈspektəbl/ adj. 值得尊重的;体面的(侧重品质)
1. The students are respectful to the elderly.(这些学生对老人很恭敬。)2. He has a respectable job as a doctor.(他当医生,有一份体面的工作。)
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description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 描述;描写;说明
Can you give a description of your new friend?(你能描述一下你的新朋友吗?)
1. describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述;形容;描绘2. descriptive /dɪˈskrɪptɪv/ adj. 描述性的;描写的
1. She described the beautiful scenery to us in detail.(她向我们详细描述了那美丽的景色。)2. This is a descriptive essay about a trip to the countryside.(这是一篇描写乡村旅行的记叙文。)
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