Unit 2 Amazing numbers 单元话题阅读理解进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Amazing numbers 单元话题阅读理解进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 Where did these numbers come from? Eleven and Twelve The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif”—“two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松) The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens. He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in February Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). 1．Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A．English. B．German. C．French. D．Russian. 2．The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ________. A．the British was bad at Maths B．the British didn’t like the Greek story C．the British wanted to run longer D．the British wanted to make the race different 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．We don’t know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B．There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars. C．The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news. D．After changing the old calendar, February became the shortest month in a year. 4．Where can you probably find this article? A．In a travel guide. B．In a magazine. C．In a diary. D．In a science book. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于数字，马拉松以及日历计算法的由来。 1．细节理解题。根据“The number ‘eleven’ comes from the German word ‘ainlif’, which means ‘one left’ in English.”可知，数字“十一”来自德语单词“ainlif”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. They made it 42.195 km.”可知，但是1908年伦敦奥运会的比赛组织者想要添加一些特别的东西。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.”可知，有一次，他的国家赢得了一场大战，他把这个好消息从马拉松带到雅典，而不是从雅典带到了马拉松。故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章通篇在介绍三种数字的由来，因此推测可以在杂志上看到这篇文章。故选B。 Numbers are amazing and play a crucial role in our lives. The number π, for example, is an infinite decimal that has fascinated mathematicians for a long time. It is used in many areas of science and engineering. Another important number is zero, which was a great invention in the history of mathematics. Numbers also have cultural significance. In some cultures, certain numbers are considered lucky or unlucky. For instance, the number 7 is often seen as lucky in Western cultures. Learning about these amazing numbers can help us better understand the world around us and improve our math skills. 1．What is the number π like? A．It’s a finite decimal. B．It’s an infinite decimal. C．It’s a small number. D．It’s a large number. 2．Why is zero an important number? A．Because it’s a great invention in math history. B．Because it’s used in science. C．Because it’s lucky. D．Because it’s infinite. 3．What cultural significance do numbers have? A．Some numbers are considered lucky or unlucky in different cultures. B．All numbers are lucky. C．All numbers are unlucky. D．None of the above. 4．Which number is considered lucky in Western cultures? A．8 B．6 C．7 D．9 5．How can learning about amazing numbers help us? A．By making us more confused. B．By helping us understand the world and improve math skills. C．By wasting our time. D．By making math more difficult. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了数字的神奇之处及其在科学、文化和生活中的重要性，包括π的特性、零的历史意义、数字的文化含义以及学习数字的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“The number π, for example, is an infinite decimal…”可知，π是一个无限不循环小数。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Another important number is zero, which was a great invention in the history of mathematics.”可知，零是一个重要的数字，是因为它是数学史上的重大发明。 故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“In some cultures, certain numbers are considered lucky or unlucky.”可知，不同文化中数字有吉凶含义。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“the number 7 is often seen as lucky in Western cultures.”可知，西方文化中7是幸运数字。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Learning about these amazing numbers can help us better understand the world around us and improve our math skills.”可知，学习数字能帮助理解世界并提升数学能力。 故选B。 I love studying numbers because they are full of surprises. One amazing number is 1. It is the building block of all numbers. Another interesting number is 10, which is the base of our decimal system. I also like learning about prime numbers. They are numbers greater than 1 that have no divisors other than 1 and themselves. Studying prime numbers helps me understand number patterns better. Numbers also have stories. For example, the number 2 is the only even prime number. Learning these stories makes studying numbers more fun. 1．What does the writer think of numbers? A．They are boring. B．They are full of surprises. C．They are difficult. D．They are tiring. 2．What is special about the number 1? A．It’s the building block of all numbers. B．It’s a prime number. C．It’s even. D．It’s infinite. 3．What is a prime number? A．A number greater than 1 with no divisors other than 1 and itself. B．A number less than 1. C．A number that is even. D．A number that is odd. 4．Which number is the only even prime number? A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 5．Why does the writer like studying numbers? A．Because they are boring. B．Because they are full of surprises and stories. C．Because they are difficult. D．Because they are tiring. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了作者对数字的喜爱以及数字的有趣特性，包括数字1的特殊性、质数的定义以及数字背后的故事。 1．观点态度题。根据“I love studying numbers because they are full of surprises.”可知，作者认为数字充满惊喜。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“One amazing number is 1. It is the building block of all numbers.”可知，数字1的特殊之处在于它是所有数字的基石。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“ I also like learning about prime numbers. They are numbers greater than 1 that have no divisors other than 1 and themselves.”可知，质数的定义是大于1且只能被1和自身整除的数。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“For example, the number 2 is the only even prime number.”可知，唯一的偶质数是2。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“I love studying numbers because they are full of surprises.”以及最后一句“Learning these stories makes studying numbers more fun.”可知，作者喜欢数字是因为它们充满惊喜和故事。故选B。 Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals (阿拉伯数字). People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2, 500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers mean 2, three fingers mean 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make both of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, I, II, III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X. Also, “L”means fifty, “C” means one hundred, “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Rome numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．5. B．IV. C．V. D．X. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 3．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome don’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4．Where is this passage probably taken from? A．Diary. B．History book. C．Travel guide. D．Sports magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了阿拉伯数字和罗马数字的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side.”可知，如果你想说五个，你可以把你的四个手指放在一边，大拇指在另一边。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据上文“But there is no zero in Rome numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count”可知，此处讨论的是罗马数字，因为难写，人们很少使用了。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals ”可知，“0”在阿拉伯数字中是“零”的意思。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“About 2, 500 years ago”并通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了关于阿拉伯数字和罗马数字的知识，包括其发展沿革等，因此可能在历史书中找到。故选B。 Take a pen and write the number 6174 on a piece of paper. It looks just like any other number, doesn’t it? But what if I told you that it was a magic number? Do you think this is a joke? Well, let’s see the magic with a quick experiment (实验). Start with a four-digit (四位) number — make sure that at least two of the digits are different, and if three digits are the same, the other digit can’t be different by 1, for example,1112 and 6566 are not the suitable numbers. You may use, for example, 1113. Now take 7173 as the example. Put the digits in the new order to make the smallest possible number: 1377. Then, the largest number: 7731. Let’s subtract the smaller number from the larger number: 7731-1377 = 6354. Go back to the second step and repeat the process: 6543-3456 = 3087 ▶ 8730-0378 = 8352 ▶ 8532-2358 = 6174 Ta-da! There you have it: 6174! You can repeat this experiment with another number. What do you end up with? Is it 6174? This number is known as Kaprekar’s constant. It is named after the Indian mathematician Dattatreya Ramchandra Kaprekar. He discovered the magic behind this number in 1949 after performing the above process. Kaprekar had always enjoyed playing with numbers. But when he showed the magic of 6174 at an international mathematics meeting, other mathematicians didn’t roll out the red carpet. They thought it was a useless discovery and made fun of him. Yet to this day, no scientist can fully explain why this magic works. Would you like to dive deeper? Try different numbers and see how many steps you need to get to 6174. Which number requires the most steps? How about the least? 1．Which of the following is suitable for the experiment? A．1111. B．1112. C．1113. D．6566. 2．If the number for the experiment is 2025, which of the following is the next step? A．5220-0225 B．5220-2520 C．2025-0252 D．2025-0225 3．What does the underlined part “roll out the red carpet” probably mean? A．Show their opinions. B．Talk loudly. C．Express their welcome. D．Understand clearly. 4．What does the writer think of this experiment? A．It’s useless. B．It’s worth studying. C．It’s explainable. D．It’s hard to carry out. 5．What’s the best title of the text? A．A Magic Number B．A Math Competition C．A Great Scientist D．An International Discovery 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字6174是一个神奇的数字，通过对任意一个符合条件的四位数进行特定的运算步骤，最终都会得到6174，这个数字被称为卡普雷卡尔常数，同时还讲述了其发现者卡普雷卡尔的相关故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“ ... make sure that at least two of the digits are different, and if three digits are the same, the other digit can’t be different by 1, for example,1112 and 6566 are not the suitable numbers. You may use, for example, 1113.”可知，确保至少有两个数位上的数字不同，并且如果有三个数字相同，那么另一个数字与这三个相同数字的差值不能为1，因此1113符合条件。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Now take 7173 as the example. Put the digits in the new order to make the smallest possible number: 1377. Then, the largest number: 7731. Let’s subtract the smaller number from the larger number: 7731-1377 = 6354.”可知，对于数字225，要得到下一步，需先组成最小的数0225，最大的数522，然后用较大数减去较小数，即522-0225。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“They thought it was a useless discovery and made fun of him.” 可知，其他数学家认为这是无用的发现并嘲笑他，并没有欢迎他的发现，由此可推测“roll out the red carpet”意思是表达欢迎。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Would you like to dive deeper? Try different numbers and see how many steps you need to get to 6174. Which number requires the most steps? How about the least?”可知，作者鼓励读者深入研究这个实验，说明作者认为这个实验值得研究。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了6174这个神奇的数字以及与之相关的实验和故事，选项A“一个神奇的数字”最能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A。 进阶拓展训练5篇 ①Numbers are not just numbers. They have cultural meanings. Let’s see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. ②◆The number 3 People in Sweden think all good things come in threes. For example, there are three kinds of medals in a game. People in South Korea and Italy think the same way. But people in Japan and Vietnam have a different idea. They don’t like taking photos when there are only three people. They think death will come for the person in the middle. ③◆The number 8 It is a lucky number in most countries. This number is very welcome among Chinese people because it has the similar pronunciation to “Fa”. The Beijing Summer Olympics started at 8:00 pm on August 8th, 2008. Eight is also a lucky number in Japan. But it’s different in Bulgaria. People there think it can bring them bad luck. ④◆The number 9 In China, it’s a lucky number. It has the same pronunciation as “Jiu”, meaning everlasting (永恒的). In Norway, it’s a lucky number, too. There are many stories about it. But people in Japan don’t like it. Why? Because when they say it in Japanese, it’s just like another word “Ku”. ⑤◆The number 13 How about the number 13? It’s an unlucky number in many countries, like Norway, Sweden and the UK. Lots of bad things happened on the 13th in history. However, in Italy, 13 is a lucky number. People think 13 can help them live a happy life. 1．Which countries think of the number three as a lucky number? A．Japan and Vietnam. B．South Korea and Japan. C．Vietnam and Sweden. D．South Korea and Sweden. 2．How does the writer start the text about the number 13? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By providing a background D．By asking a question. 3．Which of the following is right according to the text? ①Jane in Italy loves taking photos of three people. ②Peter in Bulgaria is very happy to have eight balls. ③Bella in Norway is glad to collect nine model planes. ④John in Sweden would like to have a party on June 13. A．③④ B．②④ C．①③ D．①④ 4．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字不仅仅是数字，它们有不同的文化含义，作者为我们介绍了各地的幸运数字和和不幸数字。 1．细节理解题。根据“People in Sweden think all good things come in threes...People in South Korea and Italy think the same way.”可知瑞典人、韩国人和意大利人都认为3是一个幸运的数字。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“How about the number 13?”可知作者是通过一个问题引出数字13。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“People in Sweden think all good things come in threes...People in South Korea and Italy think the same way.”可知意大利人认为3是一个幸运数字，所以意大利的简喜欢给三个人拍照；根据“In Norway, it’s a lucky number, too”可知在挪威，9也是一个幸运数字，所以挪威的贝拉很高兴收集了九架模型飞机。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至第五段分别介绍了各地的幸运数字和和不幸数字。故文章结构是总分结构。故选B。 Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you target ads (定向广告). What happened to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses who want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Data brokers collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow. And then, sell them to businesses. ________________? The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says businesses must get parents’ permission (许可) to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect (生效) on November 1st, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No” first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 1．According to the passages, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the target ads. D．By talking with friends. 2．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show us target ads? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．What are the people interested in B．Why do businesses show their ads C．Why do businesses want the data D．What are the new products 4．What can we know from the last paragraph? A．We should never let the apps get our own personal information. B．We should put a high value on personal information and protect it. C．All the countries have made the law on personal information protection. D．China should make the same law on personal information as America. 5．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．All the readers. C．Data brokers. D．Parents. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文由APP上呈现的广告引出我们的个人信息被企业收集和贩卖，进而提出我们应该高度重视和保护个人信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据).”可知，通过分享你的个人数据来免费使用一些软件，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Data brokers collect your data—everything from your name, ... And then, sell them to businesses.”可知，用户使用那些应用软件，数据分析员收集你的所有数据，然后把它们卖给企业，企业再定投广告，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services.”可知，此段落主要讲述了企业为什么需要这些数据，C选项符合语境。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it.”可知，我们要重视个人信息，要去保护个人信息，故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying ‘No’ first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it.”可知，本文主要讲述了为什么用户能够免费使用应用程序，因此对象是全部读者，故选B。 Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns (模式) in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources (来源), such as information that comes from schools social media sites, companies, and governments. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra (额外的) help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice-cream. Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict (预测) if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others even if they have not done anything wrong. How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. Their ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By giving an example B．By telling a story C．By giving a definition (定义) D．By comparing (对比) the differences 2．How many ways can big data be used according to Paragraph 2? A．Four. B．Three. C．Five. D．Two. 3．One company uses weather information to ________. A．help children in need B．know when people will visit the hospital C．find out who rides the bus or train D．understand when people will need ice-cream 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Big data only can be used for good reasons. B．The government never uses big data. C．Big data can’t have any information. D．Big data can be used in schools. 5．This reading is about ________. A．what big data is and how it is used B．what schools and hospitals people like C．where important data is collected and stored (储存) D．how the government and companies think of big data 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了大数据是什么以及它是如何被使用的。 1．细节理解题。根据“Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program”可知作者通过介绍大数据的概念开篇。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains...Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra (额外的) help in class...Companies use big data, too”可知政府使用大数据来了解有多少人乘坐公交车或火车；一些学校使用大数据来了解哪些孩子可能在课堂上需要额外的帮助；公司使用大数据来了解谁购买他们的产品。因此，第二段中提到了大数据的三种用途。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice-cream.”可知一家公司使用天气数据来预测人们何时会吃最多的冰淇淋，即了解人们何时会需要冰淇淋。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra (额外的) help in class”可知大数据可以在学校运用。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了大数据是什么以及它是如何被使用的。故选A。 Big data (数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream. Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong. How can big data be used for good and bad thing? It is because the computer programs are written by people. People think in a certain way, and they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people. 1．What is big data? A．A computer program. B．A set of information from one source. C．Many sets of information put together. D．Information about people’s names and addresses. 2．How does the government use big data? A．To help students succeed in school. B．To make bus or train systems better. C．To understand who buys products. D．To predict which babies will get sick. 3．Why do some schools use big data? A．To find out which children need extra help. B．To give all students more support. C．To understand how students use computers. D．To make students spend less time on computers. 4．Which of the following is an example of using big data for bad reasons? A．Hospitals using data to take care of premature babies. B．Companies using data to understand their customers. C．Using data to predict who might break the law. D．The government using data to improve transportation. 5．Why can big data be used for both good and bad things? A．Because the data comes from many sources. B．Because the computer programs are written by people. C．Because it can be used in many ways. D．Because it can help solve different problems. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是大数据以及大数据的运用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Big data (数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program”可知大数据是由许多信息集合组成的，用于计算机程序分析。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better” 可知，政府使用大数据来了解公共交通的使用情况，以改善公交或火车系统。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school.” 可知，学校使用大数据是为了找出哪些学生需要额外帮助。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.” 可知，使用大数据预测谁可能犯罪是一个负面的例子。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“How can big data be used for good and bad thing? It is because the computer programs are written by people. People think in a certain way, and they build a model of those ideas.”可知，大数据可以用于好或坏的原因是因为计算机程序是由人编写的，而人的思维方式会影响数据的使用。故选B。 Do you believe in lucky numbers? The lucky number has become increasingly popular in daily life of modern society (现代社会). For example, the number eight means big money which some people like most, while the number four means death. Some people believe lucky numbers so much that they will even buy a telephone with numbers without four and others which are bad in their mind. They think that the lucky number really can come with good luck, and, at least, no evidence (证据) can show that they can not. According to what I’ve found, there is no such relationship between the numbers and luck. And, in addition (此外), man should not depend on the luck which, in their mind, the numbers give them. 1．The underlined word “increasingly” means ________. A．less B．more C．more and more D．less and less 2．According to the article, people believe the number eight can _______ them big money. A．bring B．give C．take D．promise 3．Some people even buy a telephone number to show that they believe _______. A．in lucky numbers B．that the numbers can bring good luck C．that the number four is bad D．that they hate death 4．The writer found that the numbers have _______ to do with luck. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 5．People should depend on (依赖) _______. A．money B．lucky numbers C．themselves D．their parents 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了幸运数字在现代社会中的流行以及人们对幸运数字的信念，以及作者对此的看法。 1．词句猜测题。根据文中的句子“For example, the number eight means big money which some people like most”以及“Some people believe lucky numbers so much that they will even buy a telephone with numbers without four and others which are bad in their mind. They think that the lucky number really can come with good luck”可知，幸运数字在日常生活中越来越受欢迎，因此划线词的意思是more and more。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“the number eight means big money which some people like most”可以推断出人们相信数字8能给他们带来大钱。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文中的句子“Some people believe lucky numbers so much that they will even buy a telephone with numbers without four and others which are bad in their mind.”可以推断出他们相信幸运数字能带来好运。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“According to what I’ve found, there is no such relationship between the numbers and luck.”可知，作者认为数字和运气之间没有关系。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据文中的句子“And, in addition (此外), man should not depend on the luck which, in their mind, the numbers give them.”可以推断出作者认为人们应该依靠自己。故选C。 能力综合实践5篇 Do you have a lucky number? Many people have a special number and they hope that it will bring them good luck. In China, people think some numbers are lucky or unlucky because those numbers sound similar to some Chinese words with good or bad meanings. For example, the word for number 8 sounds like “making lots of money” in Chinese. So, people think it is a very lucky number. Some people even spend much more money to have 8s in their phone numbers. Do you remember the Summer Olympic Games in Beijing? It opened at 8:00 p.m. on August 8, 2008 The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on the emperors’ robes (龙袍) and it’s told in many ancient Chinese stories that the dragon has nine children. The number 9 also means “long lasting”. In China, a man would send 99 or 999 roses to his lover with the wishes that the love between them will be long-lasting. What’s more, the Chinese think that the number 2 is lucky as it’s said that “all good things come in pairs”. For example, during wedding celebrations, you usually find pairs of red candles, double pillows and many other things in pairs. And people often give gifts in pairs for someone’s birthday, wedding or other celebrations. So what’s an unlucky number in China? It might be 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the Chinese word “death”. Because of this, many buildings skip the fourth floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24 and 34. As a result, a building with 50 floors may have only 36 floors actually. 1．What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky? A．The shape of the number. B．The quantity of the number. C．The history of the number. D．The sound of the number in Chinese. 2．Some people would pay much more money for ________. A．the Summer Olympic Games B．the phone numbers with 8s C．the emperors’ robes D．the wedding celebrations 3．Why would a man like to send 99 roses to his lover? A．Because he thinks that women love roses the best. B．Because the number 9 has a connection to the emperors of China. C．Because he hopes that he will be in love with the woman for a long time. D．Because he wishes that he will have lots of children with the woman in the future. 4．In Hong Kong, you may NOT find the ________ floor in some buildings. A．50th B．35th C．46th D．17th 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To describe numbers and ancient stories in China. B．To introduce lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture. C．To help readers find their lucky and unlucky numbers. D．To compare different meanings of numbers in different countries. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国文化中，人们根据数字的中文发音来判断其为幸运数或不幸运数字，并说明了相关原因和体现。 1．细节理解题。根据“In China, people think some numbers are lucky or unlucky because those numbers sound similar to some Chinese words with good or bad meanings.”可知，中国人认为数字幸运或不幸运是因为数字在中文里的发音。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some people even spend much more money to have 8s in their phone numbers.”可知，有些人会花更多的钱买带8的电话号码。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The number 9 also means ‘long lasting’. In China, a man would send 99 or 999 roses to his lover with the wishes that the love between them will be long-lasting.”可知，男人喜欢送99朵玫瑰给爱人是因为他希望能和这个女人相爱很长时间。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24 and 34.”可知，在香港，一些建筑物会跳过所有带4的楼层，46中含4，而选项中其他楼层也不涉及4。选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国文化中的幸运数和不幸运数。故选B。 素材来源：《爱丽丝梦游仙境》节选 “Are you happy with your size now?” asked the Caterpillar. “I would be happier if I could be a bit larger,” said Alice. “Three inches is a terrible height for a child.” This made the Caterpillar angry. “It is a good height!” It was three inches high. “But I don’t like it,” Alice answered sadly. “You get happy so easily.” “You’ll get used to (习惯于) it soon,” the Caterpillar said. Alice waited for it to speak again. Before it did, it yawned (打哈欠) and shook (晃动) its body. Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away. It went on, “One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.” “One side of what? The other side of what?” Alice thought. “Of the mushroom,” said the Caterpillar just as if (好像) Alice had asked the question aloud. In another minute, the Caterpillar was out of sight. Alice stayed there by herself and looked at the mushroom for a minute. She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round. At last Alice broke off a bit with each hand. “Which is which?” She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom. And then she had another piece in her left hand from the left side of the mushroom. She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! That made her so afraid that she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees in the woods! 1．How did Alice feel about her height when she was talking to the Caterpillar? A．She thought she would get used to it. B．She wanted to be a little shorter. C．She wished she could be a bit taller. D．She found it was nice for a child. 2．What does the underlined word “sight” mean in this story? A．The area that you can see. B．The farthest place you can tour. C．An interesting place that visitors often go. D．A person or thing that doesn’t look smart or tidy. 3．Which side of the mushroom made Alice smaller? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．Which is the right order of the story? ①Alice tasted a piece from the left side of the mushroom. ②The Caterpillar got down from the mushroom and started moving away. ③Alice didn’t know which side of the mushroom to taste. ④Alice tasted a piece from the right side of the mushroom. ⑤The Caterpillar told Alice how to grow shorter or taller. A．②③⑤①④ B．⑤②③①④ C．⑤③②④① D．②⑤③④① 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文节选自《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，主要讲述了爱丽丝吃了能让自己变换大小的蘑菇。 1．细节理解题。根据“I would be happier if I could be a bit larger”可知，她希望自己能再高一点。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“In another minute, the Caterpillar was out of sight.”可知，又过了一分钟，毛毛虫不见了，out of sight“看不见”，sight在此意为“视野”，与A选项意义相近。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom. And then she had another piece in her left hand from the left side of the mushroom. She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller!”可知，蘑菇的右侧可以让爱丽丝变小。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away. It went on, ‘One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.’”，“She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round.”以及“She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom…She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller!”可知，首先，毛毛虫从蘑菇上下来，告诉爱丽丝如何变小或变大，爱丽丝不知道该尝蘑菇的哪一面；接着，爱丽丝先尝了尝蘑菇右边的一块，又尝了尝蘑菇左边的一块。正确的顺序是②⑤③④①，故选D。 Many Chinese idioms contain numbers, such as caigao badou (才高八斗) and banjin baliang (半斤八两). Why do they have something to do with numbers? A talented person The idiom caigao badou is used to describe a talented person. It is based on a story about Cao Zhi (192-232), the younger son of Cao Cao (155-220), a warlord (诸侯) who lived during the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Zhi was one of the best poets of his time. Besides his poetry, his fu (赋) was also excellent. His works, such as Luoshen Fu (《洛神赋》), are full of beautiful descriptions. Xie Lingyun (385-433) was a famous poet who lived during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was quite proud of his own writing, but also admired Cao Zhi’s talent. He once said to others: “Heaven only gave the world one dan of talent, and Cao Zhi alone had eight dou. I deserve (值得) one dou, and all the other poets should share the last one dou.” The dan used was an ancient Chinese measurement for grain. One dan is equal to 10 dou. The idiom can be translated into “eight bushels of talent” in English. Standing tall In China, people often say “standing like a 7-chi-tall man”（堂堂七尺男儿). How tall exactly is a 7-chi-tall man? When people say qichi naner (七尺男儿), they’re usually referring to a man who is tall and strong. However, it’s not easy to tell exactly how long seven chi is. As a traditional Chinese unit of length, the measurement of chi has changed often over time. In earlier times, such as the Shang Dynasty (16th century-11th century BC), one chi was about 16 cm. So seven chi would be equal to about 110 cm. A 7-chi-tall man at the time would be a little person. When it came to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280), one chi became longer and reached 24.2 cm. So seven chi would be about 170 cm, an average height today. In the following dynasties, chi kept growing longer. It became about 30 cm in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and finally 35.5 cm in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It means that a 7-chi-tall man would be 248.5 cm. That would be a real giant! Same difference The idiom banjin baliang (半斤八两) means “same difference”. One jin and eight liang used to be the same. Chinese people measured weight differently in the past. At that time, one jin (500 grams) was made up of 16 liang. So half of one jin was eight liang. People used a steelyard balance (杆秤) to weigh things. It had 16 gradations (秤星) on its arm. Each gradation stands for one star in the sky. The 16 gradations stand for 16 stars – the Big Dipper (北斗七星), Sagittarius and the stars of fortune, prosperity and longevity (福禄寿星). It was said that if you cheated someone while trading, you would lose the blessing (庇佑) of these stars. This helped to keep people honest while trading. After 1949, China started to do more international trade. To make things easier, we changed 16 liang for one jin into 10 liang for one jin. 1．From the text, “caigaobadou” first mainly described a talented person, his name was ________. A．Cao Cao B．Xie Lingyun C．the other poets D．Cao Zhi 2．What can we learn from Xie Lingyun’s words? A．He thinks highly of Cao Zhi’s talents. B．He thinks he deserves more dou than Cao Zhi. C．He looks down on all the other poets except himself. D．He thinks all poets should share the same amount of talent. 3．According to the text, how tall exactly was a 7-chi-tall man in the Three Kingdoms period? A．It was about 110cm. B．It was about 170cm. C．It was about 231cm D．It was about 248cm 4．Which of the following statements is not right? A．The idiom “caigaobadou” usually refers to a talented person. B．In ancient China, Dan only referred to how much talent a person had. C．The idiom “7-chi-tall man” usually refers to a man who is tall and strong. D．Before 1949, banjin weighed the same as eight liang. 5．How did the belief in the stars help keep people honest while trading? A．People who cheated others would lose the blessing of the stars. B．People who cheated others would gain the blessing of the stars. C．People who cheated others would become wealthy. D．The belief in the stars did not affect people’s honesty while trading. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了几个含有数字的汉语成语的意思，表达了汉语的博大精深。 1．细节理解题。根据“Heaven only gave the world one dan of talent, and Cao Zhi alone had eight dou. I deserve (值得) one dou, and all the other poets should share the last one dou.”可知，根据谢灵运的说法，天下才气为一担，曹植占据8斗，自己占据一斗，其余占一斗。所以“才高八斗”开始指曹植。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章可知，谢灵运的话表明他高度评价曹植的才华，认为曹植拥有八斗才华，而自己和其他诗人总共只占两斗。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“When it came to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280), one chi became longer and reached 24.2 cm. So seven chi would be about 170 cm, an average height today.”可知，七尺大约是170厘米。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Heaven only gave the world one dan of talent,”及“The dan used was an ancient Chinese measurement for grain. One dan is equal to 10 dou.”可知，在中国古代，担只指一个人有多少天赋的表述错误。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“It was said that if you cheated someone while trading, you would lose the blessing (庇佑) of these stars. This helped to keep people honest while trading.”可知，如果你在交易时欺骗了别人，你就会失去这些天上星宿的祝福。这有助于人们在交易时保持诚实。故选A。 March 14 is a great day for fans of maths. It is celebrated as Pi (π) Day, a day to celebrate the number that many people know very well. The date copies from the first three numbers of Pi (π). March is the third month and the 14th means one and four. Altogether it is 3.14. Pi (π) comes wherever there are circles (圆). Pi has been known for thousands of years and gets its name from a Greek letter, π. The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in maths. The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14, 1988. San Francisco’s Exploratorium Science Museum started the event. The museum marks the day with a daylong celebration. March 14 is also the birthday of the famous scientist Albert Einstein. Princeton University, where Einstein lived for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well. March 14, 2009, was celebrated as National Pi Day. And March 14, 2019 also marked the one- year anniversary (周年纪念日) of the death of Stephen Hawking. And how do people celebrate the Pi (π) Day? Maybe you can try these ideas: Eat or make different kinds of pies (for example, apple pies, cherry pies, and even pizza pies); Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant (常数) of Pi (π); Discuss the importance of the letter π; Watch Life of Pi in cinemas; Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers). 1．Which of the following like to celebrate the Pi Day most probably? A．Greek students. B．Movie fans. C．Maths lovers. D．Engineers. 2．When did the Pi Day start as a celebration? A．About thousands of years ago. B．On March 14,1988. C．On March 14, 2009. D．On March 14, 2019. 3．Which activity may NOT happen on Pi Day? A．People will make apple pies. B．Students will take photos of the price tag with $312. C．Life of Pi is shown in cinemas. D．People will talk about the achievements of Einstein. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．People think the Greeks are the earliest to use the letter π in maths. B．The Greek letter a has the same pronunciation (发音) as pie. C．Stephen Hawking died in 2018. D．Einstein worked in San Francisco’s Exploratorium Science Museum before. 5．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To learn a foreign language. B．To introduce Pi (π) Day. C．To ask people to learn maths well. D．To help students work out some maths problems. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了圆周率日。 1．推理判断题。根据“March 14 is a great day for fans of maths.”以及“The date copies from the first three numbers of Pi (π).”可推知，数学爱好者最有可能喜欢庆祝圆周率日。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14, 1988.”可知，圆周率日是在1988年3月14日开始庆祝的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Eat or make different kinds of pies (for example, apple pies, cherry pies, and even pizza pies); Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant (常数) of Pi (π); Discuss the importance of the letter π; Watch Life of Pi in cinemas; Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers).”可知，在圆周率日学生们不会为312美元的价格标签拍照。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Princeton University, where Einstein lived for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well.”可知，爱因斯坦是在普林斯顿大学居住多年，而不是在旧金山探索者科学博物馆。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14, 1988.”可知，本文主要介绍了圆周率日。故选B。 Some problems are difficult to solve in our life. However, there are a lot of number expressions (表达) that can help. Today, I will talk about expressions about numbers. Sometimes we can “kill two birds with one stone”. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action. But we must remember that “two wrongs don’t make a right”. If someone does something bad to you, you should not do the same to him. When I was a young child in school, I liked learning Maths. My teacher used to “give me three cheers” when I did well in Maths, praising (赞扬) my hard work and good grades. When I was in high school, some of my friends once had trouble doing their schoolwork. In fact, they did not care if they could finish high school. But it seemed that they really got a surprise when they completed their studies and graduated from high school. They were on cloud nine. Nine times out of ten, students who do well in school often find good jobs. Some people work in an office doing the same things every day at nine-to-five jobs. However, it’s good to know happiness at work isn’t just about money. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．The ways to find answers. B．Two problems are difficult to solve. C．The importance of working together. D．The meanings of two expressions about numbers. 2．When we ride a bike to a park instead of driving a ear, we can save money as well as protecting the environment. Which expression can we use here? A．Put two and two together. B．Two heads are better than one. C．Kill two birds with one stone. D．Two wrongs don’t make a right. 3．What do the underlined words “on cloud nine” mean? A．Sad. B．Joyful. C．Surprised. D．Afraid. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Students who study well often find good jobs. B．When someone hurts you, you should hurt him back. C．All problems can be solved easily with number expressions. D．The writer’s favourite subject was Maths when he was young. 5．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage us to study hard. B．To show different meanings of “two”. C．To introduce some interesting number expressions. D．To tell us some ways of solving some Maths problems. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些与数字相关的表达。 1．段落大意题。根据第二段“Sometimes we can ‘kill two birds with one stone’. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action. But we must remember that ‘two wrongs don’t make a right’. If someone does something bad to you, you should not do the same to him.”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于数字的两个表达的含义。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Sometimes we can ‘kill two birds with one stone’. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action.”可知，“一举两得”的意思是我们只需要一次努力或一次行动就可以完成两个目标。由此推知，当我们骑自行车去公园而不是开车时，我们既能省钱又能保护环境。这里我们可以用“一举两得”来表达。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据第四段“In fact, they did not care if they could finish high school. But it seemed that they really got a surprise when they completed their studies and graduated from high school.”可知，事实上，他们不在乎是否能完成高中学业。但是当他们完成学业，高中毕业时，他们似乎真的得到了一个惊喜；再结合下一句“They were on cloud nine.”可知，此处应表示他们很高兴。由此猜测，on cloud nine意为joyful“高兴的”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nine times out of ten, students who do well in school often find good jobs.”可知，十有八九，在学校学习好的学生往往能找到好工作。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today, I will talk about expressions about numbers.”并通读全文可知，本文旨在介绍一些有趣的数字表达方式。故选C。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Amazing numbers 单元话题阅读理解进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 Where did these numbers come from? Eleven and Twelve The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif”—“two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松) The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens. He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in February Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). 1．Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A．English. B．German. C．French. D．Russian. 2．The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ________. A．the British was bad at Maths B．the British didn’t like the Greek story C．the British wanted to run longer D．the British wanted to make the race different 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．We don’t know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B．There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars. C．The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news. D．After changing the old calendar, February became the shortest month in a year. 4．Where can you probably find this article? A．In a travel guide. B．In a magazine. C．In a diary. D．In a science book. Numbers are amazing and play a crucial role in our lives. The number π, for example, is an infinite decimal that has fascinated mathematicians for a long time. It is used in many areas of science and engineering. Another important number is zero, which was a great invention in the history of mathematics. Numbers also have cultural significance. In some cultures, certain numbers are considered lucky or unlucky. For instance, the number 7 is often seen as lucky in Western cultures. Learning about these amazing numbers can help us better understand the world around us and improve our math skills. 1．What is the number π like? A．It’s a finite decimal. B．It’s an infinite decimal. C．It’s a small number. D．It’s a large number. 2．Why is zero an important number? A．Because it’s a great invention in math history. B．Because it’s used in science. C．Because it’s lucky. D．Because it’s infinite. 3．What cultural significance do numbers have? A．Some numbers are considered lucky or unlucky in different cultures. B．All numbers are lucky. C．All numbers are unlucky. D．None of the above. 4．Which number is considered lucky in Western cultures? A．8 B．6 C．7 D．9 5．How can learning about amazing numbers help us? A．By making us more confused. B．By helping us understand the world and improve math skills. C．By wasting our time. D．By making math more difficult. I love studying numbers because they are full of surprises. One amazing number is 1. It is the building block of all numbers. Another interesting number is 10, which is the base of our decimal system. I also like learning about prime numbers. They are numbers greater than 1 that have no divisors other than 1 and themselves. Studying prime numbers helps me understand number patterns better. Numbers also have stories. For example, the number 2 is the only even prime number. Learning these stories makes studying numbers more fun. 1．What does the writer think of numbers? A．They are boring. B．They are full of surprises. C．They are difficult. D．They are tiring. 2．What is special about the number 1? A．It’s the building block of all numbers. B．It’s a prime number. C．It’s even. D．It’s infinite. 3．What is a prime number? A．A number greater than 1 with no divisors other than 1 and itself. B．A number less than 1. C．A number that is even. D．A number that is odd. 4．Which number is the only even prime number? A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 5．Why does the writer like studying numbers? A．Because they are boring. B．Because they are full of surprises and stories. C．Because they are difficult. D．Because they are tiring. Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals (阿拉伯数字). People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2, 500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers mean 2, three fingers mean 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make both of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, I, II, III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X. Also, “L”means fifty, “C” means one hundred, “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Rome numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．5. B．IV. C．V. D．X. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 3．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome don’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4．Where is this passage probably taken from? A．Diary. B．History book. C．Travel guide. D．Sports magazine. Take a pen and write the number 6174 on a piece of paper. It looks just like any other number, doesn’t it? But what if I told you that it was a magic number? Do you think this is a joke? Well, let’s see the magic with a quick experiment (实验). Start with a four-digit (四位) number — make sure that at least two of the digits are different, and if three digits are the same, the other digit can’t be different by 1, for example,1112 and 6566 are not the suitable numbers. You may use, for example, 1113. Now take 7173 as the example. Put the digits in the new order to make the smallest possible number: 1377. Then, the largest number: 7731. Let’s subtract the smaller number from the larger number: 7731-1377 = 6354. Go back to the second step and repeat the process: 6543-3456 = 3087 ▶ 8730-0378 = 8352 ▶ 8532-2358 = 6174 Ta-da! There you have it: 6174! You can repeat this experiment with another number. What do you end up with? Is it 6174? This number is known as Kaprekar’s constant. It is named after the Indian mathematician Dattatreya Ramchandra Kaprekar. He discovered the magic behind this number in 1949 after performing the above process. Kaprekar had always enjoyed playing with numbers. But when he showed the magic of 6174 at an international mathematics meeting, other mathematicians didn’t roll out the red carpet. They thought it was a useless discovery and made fun of him. Yet to this day, no scientist can fully explain why this magic works. Would you like to dive deeper? Try different numbers and see how many steps you need to get to 6174. Which number requires the most steps? How about the least? 1．Which of the following is suitable for the experiment? A．1111. B．1112. C．1113. D．6566. 2．If the number for the experiment is 2025, which of the following is the next step? A．5220-0225 B．5220-2520 C．2025-0252 D．2025-0225 3．What does the underlined part “roll out the red carpet” probably mean? A．Show their opinions. B．Talk loudly. C．Express their welcome. D．Understand clearly. 4．What does the writer think of this experiment? A．It’s useless. B．It’s worth studying. C．It’s explainable. D．It’s hard to carry out. 5．What’s the best title of the text? A．A Magic Number B．A Math Competition C．A Great Scientist D．An International Discovery 进阶拓展训练5篇 ①Numbers are not just numbers. They have cultural meanings. Let’s see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. ②◆The number 3 People in Sweden think all good things come in threes. For example, there are three kinds of medals in a game. People in South Korea and Italy think the same way. But people in Japan and Vietnam have a different idea. They don’t like taking photos when there are only three people. They think death will come for the person in the middle. ③◆The number 8 It is a lucky number in most countries. This number is very welcome among Chinese people because it has the similar pronunciation to “Fa”. The Beijing Summer Olympics started at 8:00 pm on August 8th, 2008. Eight is also a lucky number in Japan. But it’s different in Bulgaria. People there think it can bring them bad luck. ④◆The number 9 In China, it’s a lucky number. It has the same pronunciation as “Jiu”, meaning everlasting (永恒的). In Norway, it’s a lucky number, too. There are many stories about it. But people in Japan don’t like it. Why? Because when they say it in Japanese, it’s just like another word “Ku”. ⑤◆The number 13 How about the number 13? It’s an unlucky number in many countries, like Norway, Sweden and the UK. Lots of bad things happened on the 13th in history. However, in Italy, 13 is a lucky number. People think 13 can help them live a happy life. 1．Which countries think of the number three as a lucky number? A．Japan and Vietnam. B．South Korea and Japan. C．Vietnam and Sweden. D．South Korea and Sweden. 2．How does the writer start the text about the number 13? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By providing a background D．By asking a question. 3．Which of the following is right according to the text? ①Jane in Italy loves taking photos of three people. ②Peter in Bulgaria is very happy to have eight balls. ③Bella in Norway is glad to collect nine model planes. ④John in Sweden would like to have a party on June 13. A．③④ B．②④ C．①③ D．①④ 4．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． Have you ever wondered why so many apps are free to use? After all, they cost money to run. Well, instead of paying with money, you’re paying by sharing your personal data (数据). Then businesses buy and use the data so that they can show you target ads (定向广告). What happened to personal information online? Many free apps get paid by businesses who want to know about the users of the apps. What a business wants is the exact information about customers. Data brokers collect your data—everything from your name, location and education level to the topics you search for, the websites you visit and the people you follow. And then, sell them to businesses. ________________? The data is valuable. Businesses can use the information from data brokers to target their ads. It means they will show their ads to the people who are most likely to be interested in their products or services. What can we do about it? Many countries have made laws to protect personal information. For example, a law in the United States says businesses must get parents’ permission (许可) to collect personal data from kids under 13. China’s law on personal information protection came into effect (生效) on November 1st, 2021. At the same time, we should try to protect our data. If an app asks for something like your location, consider saying “No” first. In short, information about you is very valuable. Try to protect it. 1．According to the passages, how can people use some apps for free? A．By sharing their personal data. B．By buying and using the data. C．By showing the target ads. D．By talking with friends. 2．According to the passage, which picture can describe how businesses show us target ads? A． B． C． D． 3．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．What are the people interested in B．Why do businesses show their ads C．Why do businesses want the data D．What are the new products 4．What can we know from the last paragraph? A．We should never let the apps get our own personal information. B．We should put a high value on personal information and protect it. C．All the countries have made the law on personal information protection. D．China should make the same law on personal information as America. 5．Who’s the passage written for? A．Businessmen. B．All the readers. C．Data brokers. D．Parents. Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns (模式) in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources (来源), such as information that comes from schools social media sites, companies, and governments. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra (额外的) help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice-cream. Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict (预测) if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others even if they have not done anything wrong. How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. Their ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By giving an example B．By telling a story C．By giving a definition (定义) D．By comparing (对比) the differences 2．How many ways can big data be used according to Paragraph 2? A．Four. B．Three. C．Five. D．Two. 3．One company uses weather information to ________. A．help children in need B．know when people will visit the hospital C．find out who rides the bus or train D．understand when people will need ice-cream 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Big data only can be used for good reasons. B．The government never uses big data. C．Big data can’t have any information. D．Big data can be used in schools. 5．This reading is about ________. A．what big data is and how it is used B．what schools and hospitals people like C．where important data is collected and stored (储存) D．how the government and companies think of big data Big data (数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer. Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream. Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong. How can big data be used for good and bad thing? It is because the computer programs are written by people. People think in a certain way, and they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people. 1．What is big data? A．A computer program. B．A set of information from one source. C．Many sets of information put together. D．Information about people’s names and addresses. 2．How does the government use big data? A．To help students succeed in school. B．To make bus or train systems better. C．To understand who buys products. D．To predict which babies will get sick. 3．Why do some schools use big data? A．To find out which children need extra help. B．To give all students more support. C．To understand how students use computers. D．To make students spend less time on computers. 4．Which of the following is an example of using big data for bad reasons? A．Hospitals using data to take care of premature babies. B．Companies using data to understand their customers. C．Using data to predict who might break the law. D．The government using data to improve transportation. 5．Why can big data be used for both good and bad things? A．Because the data comes from many sources. B．Because the computer programs are written by people. C．Because it can be used in many ways. D．Because it can help solve different problems. Do you believe in lucky numbers? The lucky number has become increasingly popular in daily life of modern society (现代社会). For example, the number eight means big money which some people like most, while the number four means death. Some people believe lucky numbers so much that they will even buy a telephone with numbers without four and others which are bad in their mind. They think that the lucky number really can come with good luck, and, at least, no evidence (证据) can show that they can not. According to what I’ve found, there is no such relationship between the numbers and luck. And, in addition (此外), man should not depend on the luck which, in their mind, the numbers give them. 1．The underlined word “increasingly” means ________. A．less B．more C．more and more D．less and less 2．According to the article, people believe the number eight can _______ them big money. A．bring B．give C．take D．promise 3．Some people even buy a telephone number to show that they believe _______. A．in lucky numbers B．that the numbers can bring good luck C．that the number four is bad D．that they hate death 4．The writer found that the numbers have _______ to do with luck. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 5．People should depend on (依赖) _______. A．money B．lucky numbers C．themselves D．their parents 能力综合实践5篇 Do you have a lucky number? Many people have a special number and they hope that it will bring them good luck. In China, people think some numbers are lucky or unlucky because those numbers sound similar to some Chinese words with good or bad meanings. For example, the word for number 8 sounds like “making lots of money” in Chinese. So, people think it is a very lucky number. Some people even spend much more money to have 8s in their phone numbers. Do you remember the Summer Olympic Games in Beijing? It opened at 8:00 p.m. on August 8, 2008 The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on the emperors’ robes (龙袍) and it’s told in many ancient Chinese stories that the dragon has nine children. The number 9 also means “long lasting”. In China, a man would send 99 or 999 roses to his lover with the wishes that the love between them will be long-lasting. What’s more, the Chinese think that the number 2 is lucky as it’s said that “all good things come in pairs”. For example, during wedding celebrations, you usually find pairs of red candles, double pillows and many other things in pairs. And people often give gifts in pairs for someone’s birthday, wedding or other celebrations. So what’s an unlucky number in China? It might be 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the Chinese word “death”. Because of this, many buildings skip the fourth floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24 and 34. As a result, a building with 50 floors may have only 36 floors actually. 1．What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky? A．The shape of the number. B．The quantity of the number. C．The history of the number. D．The sound of the number in Chinese. 2．Some people would pay much more money for ________. A．the Summer Olympic Games B．the phone numbers with 8s C．the emperors’ robes D．the wedding celebrations 3．Why would a man like to send 99 roses to his lover? A．Because he thinks that women love roses the best. B．Because the number 9 has a connection to the emperors of China. C．Because he hopes that he will be in love with the woman for a long time. D．Because he wishes that he will have lots of children with the woman in the future. 4．In Hong Kong, you may NOT find the ________ floor in some buildings. A．50th B．35th C．46th D．17th 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To describe numbers and ancient stories in China. B．To introduce lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture. C．To help readers find their lucky and unlucky numbers. D．To compare different meanings of numbers in different countries. 素材来源：《爱丽丝梦游仙境》节选 “Are you happy with your size now?” asked the Caterpillar. “I would be happier if I could be a bit larger,” said Alice. “Three inches is a terrible height for a child.” This made the Caterpillar angry. “It is a good height!” It was three inches high. “But I don’t like it,” Alice answered sadly. “You get happy so easily.” “You’ll get used to (习惯于) it soon,” the Caterpillar said. Alice waited for it to speak again. Before it did, it yawned (打哈欠) and shook (晃动) its body. Then it got down from the mushroom and started to move away. It went on, “One side will make you grow taller and the other will make you grow shorter.” “One side of what? The other side of what?” Alice thought. “Of the mushroom,” said the Caterpillar just as if (好像) Alice had asked the question aloud. In another minute, the Caterpillar was out of sight. Alice stayed there by herself and looked at the mushroom for a minute. She tried to decide which were the two sides of it, because it was round. At last Alice broke off a bit with each hand. “Which is which?” She had a small piece of it in her right hand from the right side of the mushroom. And then she had another piece in her left hand from the left side of the mushroom. She tasted the small piece from the right hand to see how it worked. The next thing she knew was that she was getting smaller! That made her so afraid that she started to taste the other piece from her left hand at once. Now she grew as tall as the trees in the woods! 1．How did Alice feel about her height when she was talking to the Caterpillar? A．She thought she would get used to it. B．She wanted to be a little shorter. C．She wished she could be a bit taller. D．She found it was nice for a child. 2．What does the underlined word “sight” mean in this story? A．The area that you can see. B．The farthest place you can tour. C．An interesting place that visitors often go. D．A person or thing that doesn’t look smart or tidy. 3．Which side of the mushroom made Alice smaller? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 4．Which is the right order of the story? ①Alice tasted a piece from the left side of the mushroom. ②The Caterpillar got down from the mushroom and started moving away. ③Alice didn’t know which side of the mushroom to taste. ④Alice tasted a piece from the right side of the mushroom. ⑤The Caterpillar told Alice how to grow shorter or taller. A．②③⑤①④ B．⑤②③①④ C．⑤③②④① D．②⑤③④① Many Chinese idioms contain numbers, such as caigao badou (才高八斗) and banjin baliang (半斤八两). Why do they have something to do with numbers? A talented person The idiom caigao badou is used to describe a talented person. It is based on a story about Cao Zhi (192-232), the younger son of Cao Cao (155-220), a warlord (诸侯) who lived during the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Zhi was one of the best poets of his time. Besides his poetry, his fu (赋) was also excellent. His works, such as Luoshen Fu (《洛神赋》), are full of beautiful descriptions. Xie Lingyun (385-433) was a famous poet who lived during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was quite proud of his own writing, but also admired Cao Zhi’s talent. He once said to others: “Heaven only gave the world one dan of talent, and Cao Zhi alone had eight dou. I deserve (值得) one dou, and all the other poets should share the last one dou.” The dan used was an ancient Chinese measurement for grain. One dan is equal to 10 dou. The idiom can be translated into “eight bushels of talent” in English. Standing tall In China, people often say “standing like a 7-chi-tall man”（堂堂七尺男儿). How tall exactly is a 7-chi-tall man? When people say qichi naner (七尺男儿), they’re usually referring to a man who is tall and strong. However, it’s not easy to tell exactly how long seven chi is. As a traditional Chinese unit of length, the measurement of chi has changed often over time. In earlier times, such as the Shang Dynasty (16th century-11th century BC), one chi was about 16 cm. So seven chi would be equal to about 110 cm. A 7-chi-tall man at the time would be a little person. When it came to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280), one chi became longer and reached 24.2 cm. So seven chi would be about 170 cm, an average height today. In the following dynasties, chi kept growing longer. It became about 30 cm in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and finally 35.5 cm in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It means that a 7-chi-tall man would be 248.5 cm. That would be a real giant! Same difference The idiom banjin baliang (半斤八两) means “same difference”. One jin and eight liang used to be the same. Chinese people measured weight differently in the past. At that time, one jin (500 grams) was made up of 16 liang. So half of one jin was eight liang. People used a steelyard balance (杆秤) to weigh things. It had 16 gradations (秤星) on its arm. Each gradation stands for one star in the sky. The 16 gradations stand for 16 stars – the Big Dipper (北斗七星), Sagittarius and the stars of fortune, prosperity and longevity (福禄寿星). It was said that if you cheated someone while trading, you would lose the blessing (庇佑) of these stars. This helped to keep people honest while trading. After 1949, China started to do more international trade. To make things easier, we changed 16 liang for one jin into 10 liang for one jin. 1．From the text, “caigaobadou” first mainly described a talented person, his name was ________. A．Cao Cao B．Xie Lingyun C．the other poets D．Cao Zhi 2．What can we learn from Xie Lingyun’s words? A．He thinks highly of Cao Zhi’s talents. B．He thinks he deserves more dou than Cao Zhi. C．He looks down on all the other poets except himself. D．He thinks all poets should share the same amount of talent. 3．According to the text, how tall exactly was a 7-chi-tall man in the Three Kingdoms period? A．It was about 110cm. B．It was about 170cm. C．It was about 231cm D．It was about 248cm 4．Which of the following statements is not right? A．The idiom “caigaobadou” usually refers to a talented person. B．In ancient China, Dan only referred to how much talent a person had. C．The idiom “7-chi-tall man” usually refers to a man who is tall and strong. D．Before 1949, banjin weighed the same as eight liang. 5．How did the belief in the stars help keep people honest while trading? A．People who cheated others would lose the blessing of the stars. B．People who cheated others would gain the blessing of the stars. C．People who cheated others would become wealthy. D．The belief in the stars did not affect people’s honesty while trading. March 14 is a great day for fans of maths. It is celebrated as Pi (π) Day, a day to celebrate the number that many people know very well. The date copies from the first three numbers of Pi (π). March is the third month and the 14th means one and four. Altogether it is 3.14. Pi (π) comes wherever there are circles (圆). Pi has been known for thousands of years and gets its name from a Greek letter, π. The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in maths. The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14, 1988. San Francisco’s Exploratorium Science Museum started the event. The museum marks the day with a daylong celebration. March 14 is also the birthday of the famous scientist Albert Einstein. Princeton University, where Einstein lived for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well. March 14, 2009, was celebrated as National Pi Day. And March 14, 2019 also marked the one- year anniversary (周年纪念日) of the death of Stephen Hawking. And how do people celebrate the Pi (π) Day? Maybe you can try these ideas: Eat or make different kinds of pies (for example, apple pies, cherry pies, and even pizza pies); Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant (常数) of Pi (π); Discuss the importance of the letter π; Watch Life of Pi in cinemas; Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers). 1．Which of the following like to celebrate the Pi Day most probably? A．Greek students. B．Movie fans. C．Maths lovers. D．Engineers. 2．When did the Pi Day start as a celebration? A．About thousands of years ago. B．On March 14,1988. C．On March 14, 2009. D．On March 14, 2019. 3．Which activity may NOT happen on Pi Day? A．People will make apple pies. B．Students will take photos of the price tag with $312. C．Life of Pi is shown in cinemas. D．People will talk about the achievements of Einstein. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．People think the Greeks are the earliest to use the letter π in maths. B．The Greek letter a has the same pronunciation (发音) as pie. C．Stephen Hawking died in 2018. D．Einstein worked in San Francisco’s Exploratorium Science Museum before. 5．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To learn a foreign language. B．To introduce Pi (π) Day. C．To ask people to learn maths well. D．To help students work out some maths problems. Some problems are difficult to solve in our life. However, there are a lot of number expressions (表达) that can help. Today, I will talk about expressions about numbers. Sometimes we can “kill two birds with one stone”. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action. But we must remember that “two wrongs don’t make a right”. If someone does something bad to you, you should not do the same to him. When I was a young child in school, I liked learning Maths. My teacher used to “give me three cheers” when I did well in Maths, praising (赞扬) my hard work and good grades. When I was in high school, some of my friends once had trouble doing their schoolwork. In fact, they did not care if they could finish high school. But it seemed that they really got a surprise when they completed their studies and graduated from high school. They were on cloud nine. Nine times out of ten, students who do well in school often find good jobs. Some people work in an office doing the same things every day at nine-to-five jobs. However, it’s good to know happiness at work isn’t just about money. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．The ways to find answers. B．Two problems are difficult to solve. C．The importance of working together. D．The meanings of two expressions about numbers. 2．When we ride a bike to a park instead of driving a ear, we can save money as well as protecting the environment. Which expression can we use here? A．Put two and two together. B．Two heads are better than one. C．Kill two birds with one stone. D．Two wrongs don’t make a right. 3．What do the underlined words “on cloud nine” mean? A．Sad. B．Joyful. C．Surprised. D．Afraid. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Students who study well often find good jobs. B．When someone hurts you, you should hurt him back. C．All problems can be solved easily with number expressions. D．The writer’s favourite subject was Maths when he was young. 5．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage us to study hard. B．To show different meanings of “two”. C．To introduce some interesting number expressions. D．To tell us some ways of solving some Maths problems. 12 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 17 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$