Unit 2 Amazing numbers-2026-2027学年八年级英语上册语法专项（沪教版）

U2 Amazing numbers 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★基数词、序数词 章 语法精讲精练— 1.基数词的定义与功能 定义：基数词(Cardinal Numnbers)表示数量，回答“多少个”的问题。 考点：基数词在句中可作定语、表语、主语、宾语等，中考重点考查与名词的搭配及 hundred/thousand/million等词的用法。 2.基数词的基本用法（四大要点） 用法 说明 例句 ★作定语 修饰可数名词复数，直接放在名词前 three books,twenty students ★作主语/ 相当于名词使用，中考常考“数字 Three of us are from China.(主语)/ 表语/宾语 +of?结构 The number is five.(表语) ★与 hundred. 有具体数字时，hundred等用单数且不加 five hundred people()/hundreds of thousand, of;无具体数字时，用复数+of people ()/five hundreds(X) million等连 用 ★表示年 龄、时间、 固定表达 at the age of twelve,8:15 (eight fifteen) 价格等 易错点：基数词后名词通常用复数(onet单数除外)，如one book,two bookso 3.序数词的定义与功能 定义：序数词(Ordinal Numbers)表示顺序，回答“第几”的问题。 考点：序数词前通常加th,但有时可用不定冠词表示“又一、再一”；中考常考变形规 则、日期表达及固定搭配。 4.序数词的基本用法（四大要点） 用法 说明 例句 ★作定语 修饰名词，前加the(绝大多数情况) the first day,the second floor ★表日期 每月“几号”用序数词，前可省略he May 1st(读作May the first或May first) 分子用基数词，分母用序数词（分子 ★表分数 one third(1/3),two thirds (2/3) &gt1时，分母加s) “再一、又一”用a/an+序数词（不加 a second chance(又一次机会)/a third ★固定句型 the) ty(第三次尝试) 易错点：序数词变形特殊词：one一→first,two-→second,.three--→third,five→fifh,eight-→eighth, nine->ninth,twelve-→twelfth。注意拼写。 5.基数词与序数词的转换（中考高频） 数字 基数词 序数词 常见错误提醒 one first 不是one-th 2 two second 不是two-h 3 three third 不是three-th 5 five fifth 变ve为f 8 eight eighth 只加h 9 nine ninth 去e加th 12 twelve twelfth 变ve为f 20 twenty twentieth 变y为ie再加th 21 twenty-one twenty-first 只变个位 6.易混考点辨析（中考必考） 易混点 说明 基数词与序数 基数词重在“数量”，序数词重在“顺序”。例：There are three apples..(数量) 词在句中的位 第一个苹果是the first apple.(顺序) 置 hundred/thousa √具体数字+hundred/thousand/million(单数，不加of√ nd/million与 hundreds/thousands/millions of+名词（复数，前无具体数字）例：three hundred of的连用 students(300个学生)/hundreds of students(数百个学生) 序数词前的冠 表“第几”用the;表“又一”用a/an。例：He failed the first time,but he had a 词 second try 分母为序数词，分子大于1时分母加s。例：1/4=one fourth(或a quarter),3/4= 分数的表达 three fourths(three quarters) 通常用序数词，月份+序数词。例：October 1st→October the first(美式： 日期的读法 October first) 二、 专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8-10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.There are students in our school A.two thousand of B.two thousands C.two thousand D.thousands of 2.December is the month of the year. A.twelve B.twelveth C.twelfth D.twelf 3.He tried time and finally succeeded. A.third B.the third C.a third D.three 4. of the students in our class are girls. A.Two third B.Two thirds C.Second three D.Second third 5.My birthday is on A.June fifth B.June fifth C.the June five D.June fiveth 6.We need volunteers to help with the party. A.hundred of B.three hundreds C.hundreds of D.three hundred of 7.Tom is in the race.He ran fastest. A.first B.the first C.one D.a first 8.This is time I have been to Beijing. A.the three B.third C.the third D.a third 9.-How many apples are there? A.Two B.Second C.The two D.Twice 10.About people visited the museum last year. A.three millions B.three million C.three million of D.million of (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式（可能是基数词、序数词或相关形 式)，使短文通顺、完整。 Today is my 1. (twelve)birthday.I invited many fiiends to my party.My mother bought a cake with 2 (twelve)candles on it.I blew out all the candles at the 3. (one)try. My friend Lucy gave me a book.It is my 4. (four)Harry Potter book.I already have three.She said,"This is the 5. (five)one in the series.I hope you like it." In the evening,my father told me that he got a new job.He will work on the 6. (thirty-one) floor of a tall building.I think that's very cool. After the party,I helped my mother clean the house.It took us about 7. (two)hours.I felt tired but happy.This was the 8. (good)birthday I have ever had. Tomorrow is the 9. (nine)day of October.I will go back to school.The 10. (two) semester already started,but I'm still excited. (三)完成句子 1.我们学校有八百名学生。There are students in our school. 2.这是我第三次来这个城市。This is time I have been to this city 3.我们班三分之二的学生喜欢运动。 of the students in our class like sports. 4.他的生日是七月七日。His birthday is on 5.数以千计的游客每年参观长城。 tourists visit the Great Wall every year. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.C;2.C;3.C;4.B;5.A;6.C;7.B;8.C9.A氵10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.twelfth 2.twelve 3.first 4.fourth 5.fifth 6.thirty-first 7.two ;8.best 填空 9.ninth 10.second (三)完成 1.eight hundred 2.the third 3.Two thirds 4.July seventh July 7th 5.Thousands 句子 of 章 语法精讲精练二 1.形容词的定义与功能 定义：形容词用来修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征或数量。 核心考点：形容词在句中只能作定语、表语、补语，不能作谓语。 2.形容词的基本用法（四大核心考点） 考点 用法说明 典型例句 重要提示 多个形容词顺序：美 修饰名词，多数情况 a beautiful girl tall ①作定语 小圆旧黄，法国木书 放在名词前 trees 房 ②作定语（后置） 修饰不定代词时后置 I have something 表语形容词修饰名词 important to tell you. 时后置 系动词：be/感官动 放在系动词后，说明 The flower smells ③作表语 词/变化动词/保 主语的状态 sweet. 持动词 放在宾语后，补充说 We should keep our 常见搭配动词： ④作宾语补足语 明宾语的状态 classroom clean. make,keep,leave等 原级、比较级、最高 as interesting as taller 原级否定：not ⑤形容词的级 than the most 级 as/so...as beautiful city 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考) 易混点 区分方法 正例 错例 形容词修饰名词/代 He is a careful boy.He He is a carefully boy. 形容词vs副词 词；副词修饰动词/ does his homework 形容词/副词/句子 carefully. 部分以-y结尾的词是 -y结尾的形容词 She is a friendlily girl. She is a friendly girl. 形容词 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-What do you think of the movie?-It's than the last one.I want to watch it again A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.There is in today's newspaper.Let's watch TV instead. A.important nothing B.nothing important C.important anything D.anything important 3.The little girl looked when she heard the good news A.happily B.happy C.happiness D.happier 4.-Which is the blue shirt or the red one? A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 5.We should keep in the reading room. A.quietly B.quiet C.quietly D.quietness 6.This is useful book I have ever read.I learned a lot from it. A.a B.an C.the most D.most 7.The we prepare,the we will feel in the exam. A.more;more confident B.much;confident C.most;most confident D.many;confident 8.-Is this book ?-Yes,it's my favorite.I like it very much A.yours B.your C.you D.yourself 9.Shanghai is one of cities in the world. A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest 10.My sister is at English than me. A.good B.well C.better D.best (二)语法填空（共10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式。 My best friend is Lily.She is a 1. (love)girl with big eyes.She is not only 2. (help)but also hard-working.Every morning,she gets up 3. (early)than me to read English.She always gets good grades because she studies 4. (careful). Last week,we had a school trip to the countryside.The scenery there was 5. (beautiful)than I expected.We picked fresh fruits and fed small animals.Lily was 6. (excite)than any other student.She took many photos and told me that she wanted to visit there again. On the way back,I felt a little tired.Lily noticed it and shared her water with me.She is really a7.」 (care)friend.I think she is one of the 8. (popular)students in our class. Do you want to make friends with a girl like her?If you do,you will have a 9. (wonder)time.She is always ready to help others and never says a bad word about anyone She is truly a 10. (value)friend. (三)完成句子（共10题) 1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is that one 2.他是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。 Heis the students in our class. 3.请保持教室干净整洁。 Please the classroom and 4.这件衣服不如那件漂亮。 This dress is that one. 5.你越努力，就会越优秀。 you work. you will be. 6.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 Ihave to tell you 7.这种花闻起来很香。 This kind of flower 8.她是一个友好的女孩，我们都喜欢和她相处。 She is a girl.We all like with her. 9这是我看过的最感人的电影。 This is the movie I have ever seen. 10.他的爸爸看起来很年轻，其实他己经四十多岁了。 Hlis father looks but he is in his forties. 三、 参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.A;9D;10.C 选择 (二)语法 1.lovely 2.helpful 3.earlier 4.carefully 5.more beautiful 6.more excited 填空 7.caring ;8.most popular 9.wonderful 10.valuable 1.as interesting as 2.one of most hard-working ;3.keep;clean;tidy ;4.not as/so (三)完成 beautiful as 5.The harder,the better 6.something important 7.smells sweet 句子 8.fiiendly;to get on/along 9.most moving 10.very young