Unit 2 Amazing numbers（复习讲义）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“Amazing numbers”话题构建知识体系，通过表格对比（如基数词与序数词变化、reply与answer辨析）、句型结构框架图梳理核心词汇（challenge, promise等）、短语（the rest of, instead of）及语法（if条件句、would like用法），明确重难点分布与内在逻辑联系。 讲义亮点在于“即时小练+综合应用”的分层练习设计，包含选择、填空、翻译等基础题型及完形、阅读等综合题，通过基数词变序数词口诀（如一、二、三特殊记）等方法培养学习能力，提升语言运用与逻辑思维品质。支持不同层次学生巩固基础或拓展提升，为教师精准教学提供清晰依据。

Unit 2 Amazing numbers（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.围绕“Amazing numbers”话题，掌握相关词汇、短语与句型，了解数字起源发展及应用。 2.熟练掌握基数词、序数词转换，牢记特殊变化形式，分清基数词表数量、序数词表顺序。 3.掌握本单元核心动词短语、固定句型的用法。 4.能运用单元知识点围绕数字相关话题进行有条理的口头表达与书面写作。 复习重难点 重点：基数词与序数词的特殊拼写变形及语境运用；单元核心短语与语法句型。 难点：灵活辨析易混句式结构；结合话题综合运用短语、句型，完成数字类写作输出。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. 一天，一位智者来到皇宫，国王向他挑战一场比赛。（教材P20） challenge v.向(某人)挑战n.挑战;艰巨任务 【变形】challenger n. 挑战者 challenging adj. 有挑战性的 【短语搭配】challenge sb. to sth.向某人挑战某事 challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑战做某事 例句：Tom challenged me to (play) a table tennis game.汤姆向我挑战了乒乓球。 【即时小练】 1.Jack challenged me ________ a chess match after school. A. to B. for C. with D. at 2. He challenged me ________ (swim) across the river.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 3. As a famous ________ (challenge), he never fears any difficult game.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 4. 这场比赛十分具有挑战性。（中译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识点2: “You can have any prize if you win the game,” the king promised the old man. “如果你赢了这场比赛，你可以得到任何奖品。”国王向老人保证。（教材P20） ①promise: v./n. 承诺；允诺 规则动词：promise-promised-promised 【短语搭配】 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 He promised to help me with my math. promise sb. sth. 向某人承诺某事 My father promised me a new bike. promise + that 从句 承诺…… She promised that she would come early. make a promise 许下承诺 You should make a promise and keep it. keep a promise 遵守诺言 It's important to keep your promise. break a promise 违背诺言 Don't break your promise to your friend. ② if 条件状语从句：【核心规则】 主将从现：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。 例句：You will pass the exam if you study hard.如果努力学习，你就能通过考试。 主情从现：主句用情态动词 + 动词原形，从句用一般现在时。 You should go to the doctor if you feel sick.若你感到不适，应前往医院就诊。 主祈从现：主句用祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 Don't forget to turn off the lights if you leave the room.离开房间时，别忘了关灯。 主现从现：主句和从句都用一般现在时，表示客观事实、普遍规律、习惯性动作。 If you heat ice, it melts. 若对冰加热，它会融化。 【即时小练】 1.The king promised the old man ________ (give) him any prize.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 2.If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we ________ (go) to enjoy the flower show.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 3.—Can you join our hiking trip? —I will join you if I ________ free this weekend. A. will be B. am C. was D. be 4.任何人都不应该违背对他人许下的承诺。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.如果你足够耐心，你就能找到解决这个问题的办法。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识点3: I’d like you to double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.我希望你把剩下的每个方块的数量都翻倍。(教材P20) ① would like... 【核心用法】would like = want，但比 want 更委婉、礼貌，常用于日常交际和书面表达。 【固定搭配】 结构 含义 例句 would like + 名词 想要某物 I would like a cup of tea. would like + to do 想要做某事 She would like to visit Beijing. would like + sb. + to do 想要某人做某事 He would like me to help him. Would you like...? 礼貌地询问对方意愿 Would you like some coffee? ② double v.（使）加倍；翻倍 adj.两倍的；双重的 Please double the amount. 请将金额翻倍。 They booked a double room.他们预订了双人间。 ③ the rest of 剩余的……，剩下的…… 【用法规则】the rest of... 意为“剩余的......”,其后既可以加可数名词，也可以加不可数名词。当“the rest of +n. ”做主语时，谓语动词单复数由其后的名词决定。 结构 谓语 例句 the rest of + 可数名词复数 用动词复数 The rest of the students are in the classroom. 其余学生均在教室里。 the rest of + 不可数名词 用动词单数 The rest of the water is in the bottle.其余水在瓶中。 the rest（单独使用） 谓语单复数由指代对象决定 Some books are on the desk. The rest are in the bag. 一些书在桌上，剩下的（书）在包里。 He finished part of the work. The rest needs more time.他完成了一部分工作，剩下的还需要更多时间。 【即时小练】 1. I’d like you ________ (help) me work out these difficult maths problems. 2.The rest of the magazines ________ to our class. A. belong B. belongs C. belonged D. is belonging 3. The rest of the bread ________ left on the table for your sister. A. is B. are C. were D. be ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.如果销量持续上涨，我们会把产量翻倍。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识点4: "No, just rice," the old man replied without hesitation. “不，就只要大米。”老人毫不犹豫地回答。（教材P21） ①reply v./n.回答；回复 【词义辨析】reply vs. Answer 对比项 reply answer 含义 正式、书面的“答复” 口语化、日常的“回答” 用法 不及物动词，需加介词to + 宾语 及物动词，直接接宾语 常见搭配 reply to a letter / a question answer a question / the phone / the door 侧重点 侧重于“回应对方的内容” 侧重于“对提问/呼唤的回应” 【短语搭配】 短语 含义 例句 reply + that 从句 回复说…… He replied that he was busy. reply to + 名词 答复…… Please reply to my email. in reply to 作为对……的答复 He smiled in reply to my question. make a reply 做出回答 She didn't make a reply. wait for a reply 等待答复 I'm still waiting for a reply. ②without hesitation 毫不犹豫地（作状语） 【变形】hesitation n. 犹豫→ hesitate v. 犹豫→ hesitant adj.犹豫的 【常用搭配】 hesitate to do sth：表示犹豫做某事、不愿做某事。 Don't hesitate to... 尽管……；不要犹豫…… 例句：Don't hesitate to ask me for help.尽管来找我帮忙。 She agreed without hesitation.她毫不犹豫地同意了。 【即时小练】 1.Please reply ________ this business email before Friday afternoon. A. for B. to C. at D. on 2.The young volunteer joined the activity without ________ (hesitate). 3.Don’t hesitate ________ (ask) your teachers for advice when you meet trouble. 知识点5: "How many grains of rice will this be?" the king wondered. “这将有多少粒米？”国王想知道。（教材P21） wonder： v. 想知道；琢磨 wonder（n. 奇迹；惊奇） 【变形】wonderful（adj. 精彩的；绝妙的） wonderfully（adv. 精彩地；极好地） 【固定搭配】 例句： I wonder why he is late. 我想知道他为什么迟到。 She wonders if he will come. 她想知道他是否会来。 He wondered how to solve the problem. 他想知道如何解决这个问题。 It's no wonder (that) she got the first prize. 难怪她得了一等奖。 No wonder you are so happy. 难怪你这么开心。 【即时小练】 1.No wonder ________ she knows so much about ancient numbers. 2.I wonder ________ we can get enough chairs for all visitors. 2.Many students wonder how ________ (improve) their English reading skills. 4. I wonder when our school ________ (hold) the sports meeting. 知识点6: After thinking about it for a moment, the king agreed.国王想了一会儿，同意了。（教材P21） ①agree v. 同意 → 反义词：disagree v.不同意 → agreement n. 同意；协定, 意见一致 【常用搭配】 搭配 含义 例句 agree with sb. 同意某人（的观点） I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 She agreed to help me. 她同意帮助我。 agree that 同意...... They agree that it is a good choice. 他们同意这是个不错的选择。 ② for a moment 短语 含义 用法说明 for a moment 一会儿；片刻 强调持续的时间很短，常与延续性动词连用=for a while at the moment 此刻；现在 强调当前的时间点，= now，常与现在进行时连用 at that moment 就在那时 强调过去的某个时间点，常与过去进行时连用 in a moment 马上；立刻 强调即将发生，常与一般将来时连用 for the moment 暂时；目前 强调暂时的状态，= for now the moment 一……就…… 作连词，= as soon as 【即时小练】 1. After thinking for a moment, Lucy agreed ________ (join) our group project. 2.Could you wait ________? I will bring you the notebook right now. A. at the moment B. in a moment C. for a moment D. at that moment 3.We were talking ________ when the teacher came in. A. for a moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. for the moment 4.我赞同你的看法，这个方案值得尝试。（翻译） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 知识点7: And then we need to check the train or flight schedule.然后我们需要核查火车或航班的时间表。（教材P27） check作动词,意为“检查；核查"。 【常用搭配】 check sth. 检查某物 例：Please check your answers. 请检查你的答案。 check sth. (for sth.) 检查某物（查找问题） 例：Check the paper for mistakes. 检查试卷找出错误。 check out 结账离开；核实 例：We will check out at noon. 我们中午办理退房。 check in (at…)（在……）登记；办理入住 例：You need to check in before 14:00. 你需要 14 点前办理入住。 check with sb. 和某人核实、确认 例：I need to check with my parents first. 我需要先和父母确认一下。 【即时小练】 1.Tourists should check ________ at the front gate before entering the park. A. out B. in C. over D. off 2.Please check your article ________ spelling mistakes before handing it in. A. for B. out C. in D. at 3.I will check ________ my timetable and tell you later. A. in B. out C. on D. to 知识点8: Instead of using tally sticks, people began using different abstract symbols to represent different numbers.人们开始使用不同的抽象符号来表示不同的数字，以代替计数棍。（教材P30） ①instead of ：代替；作为.....的替代 【辨析】instead of 和instead 对比项 instead of instead 词性 介词短语 副词 中文意思 代替……；而不是…… 代替；反而 后接成分 ✅ 必须接宾语（名词/代词/动名词） ❌ 不能接宾语 位置 句中（替代对象前） 句首（+逗号）或句尾 例句 She stayed home instead of going out. I didn't drink coffee. I drank tea instead. Instead, we played football. ② symbol n. 【变形】symbolic adj.象征性的；符号的 symbolize v. 象征 【常用搭配】 a symbol of ……的象征 The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。 stand as a symbol 作为……的象征 The Great Wall stands as a symbol of ancient China. 长城是中国古代的象征。 use...as a symbol 用……作为象征 We use red as a symbol of good luck. 我们用红色作为好运的象征。 ③ represent v. 代表 【即时小练】 1.Ancient people used different marks ________ (represent) animals and numbers. 2.She chose to ride a bike instead of ________ (take) the underground. 3.He does not like drawing. He enjoys taking photos ________. A. instead of B. instead C. rather D. though 4.White is often a symbol ________ purity in western countries. A. for B. of C. to D. on 5.我们选择爬山，而不是待在家里看电视。（翻译） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.鸽子在全世界都是和平的象征。（翻译） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 单元语法：基数词和序数词 表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少，序数词表示顺序或等级。数词的功能相当于名词或形容词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或同位语。 一、基本用法 基数词表数量，后接可数名词；序数词表顺序，前面须加 the，但当序数词前面有形容词性物主代词或所有格修饰时，不加the。 如：three days / the third day / Tom's third birthday 1、基数词的表示法 表示方法 示例 1~12单独记忆 one 1; two 2; three 3; four 4; five 5; six 6; seven 7; eight 8; nine 9; ten 10; eleven 11; twelve 12 13~19的数字以-teen结尾 thirteen 13; fourteen 14; fifteen 15; sixteen 16; seventeen 17; eighteen 18; nineteen 19 20~90等整十基数词以-ty结尾 twenty 20; thirty 30; forty 40; fifty 50; sixty 60; seventy 70; eighty 80; ninety 90 21~99之间非整十基数词是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符 twenty-two 22; thirty-three 33; forty-four 44; fifty-five 55; sixty-six 66; seventy-seven 77; eighty-eight 88; ninety-nine 99 101～999:基数词+hundred+and+整十位数+连字符+个位数 108:one hundred and eight 256:two hundred and fifty-six 908: nine hundred and eight 1,000以上的基数词：英语用千、百万等单位计数，大数字从右向左数，每隔三位加一个逗号。从右开始，第一个逗号处读thousand(千),第二个逗号处读million(百万),第三个逗号处读billion(十亿) 1,001:one thousand and one 1,813:one thousand,eight hundred and thirteen 12,345:twelve thousand,three hundred and forty-five 1,234,567 :one million,two hundred and thirty-four thousand,five hundred and sixty-seven 单位词 hundred百；thousand千；million百万；billion十亿 2.基数词变序数词的规律是在基数词后加-th,有些有特殊变化，分别是： one two three four five six seven eight nine ten twelve twenty first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth twelfth twentieth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 12th 20th twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three thirty forty ninety hundred twenty-first twenty-second twenty-third thirtieth fortieth ninetieth hundredth 21st 22nd 23rd 30th 40th 90th 100th （口诀:一、二、三特殊记,词尾字母t、d、d；八去t,九减e,f换ve；遇到整十数,y变ie；遇到几十几，只变个位数就可以。） 二、其他用法 1.编码：表示编号时,可用“the+序数词+名词”或“名词+基数词”（注意:在“名词+基数词”结构中，名词和基数词的首字母通常大写）。 Page Five = the fifth page World War I = the First World War 2.确数和概数 表确切的数据:数词 + hundred/thousand/million/billion +名词复数 如：two hundred students 两百名学生 five thousand trees 五千棵树 表大概的数目:hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of +名词复数 如：hundreds of people 数百人 thousands of books 成千上万本书 3.次数、倍数的表达：倍数为1,用once;倍数为2,用twice/ double;倍数≥3,用"基数词+times" 如:once,twice，three times，five times 4.分数表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大1时，分母变复数形式；分子与分母之间可以加连字符也可以不加。 如:1/3 = one third /one-third 2/5 = two fifths /two-fifths 3/4 = three fourths /three-quarters 5.表示年、月、日、世纪、年代 类别 表示方法 示例 年、月、日 “年”用基数词，“日”用序数词 (美：月/日/年; 英：日/月/年) 2024年1月11日： 美：January 11st,2024 英：11st January,2024 世纪 the+序数词+century 20世纪：the twentieth century 年代 the+整十年份+s/'s 20世纪90年代：the 1990s/1990's 6.表示年龄 类别 表示方法 示例 表示“具体年龄” 基数词+year(s)+old nine years old 9岁 Fifteen years old 15岁 at the age of+基数词 at the age of four在4岁时 At the age of sixteen 在16岁时 冠词+基数-year-old +可数名词单数 an eight-year- old boy一个8岁的男孩 a nine-year-old girl 一个九岁的女孩 表示“大概年龄” in+one's+整十基数词的复数形式 in his thirties 在他三十多岁时 in her fifties 在她五十多岁时 表示“几岁生日” the/形容词性物主代词+序数词+ birthday her ninth birthday 她的九岁生日 His eighteenth birthday 他的十八岁生日 【即时小练】 1．Every year, about ________ tourists visit the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve. A．two million B．two millions C．million of D．two millions of 2．The number of the students is about three________. And ________of them are girls. A．thousand; two third B．thousand; two thirds C．thousands; two third D．thousands; two thirds 3．—What are your plans for the winter holiday? —I will turn ________ next month on ________ of February, so I will fly to Singapore to celebrate my birthday. A．thirteen; the thirteen B．thirteenth; the thirteen C．thirteen; the thirteenth D．thirteenth; the thirteenth 4．This is ________ time for me to visit the Great Wall. I’m very excited. A．the first B．first C．a first D．an first 5.We will learn ________ tomorrow. A. the Unit Five B. Unit Five C. Five Unit D. fifth unit 6.The anti-Japanese war broke out in ________. A. the 1930 B. 1930s C. the 1930s D. 1930’s 7．M________ of people around the world come to visit Beijing every year. 8.I don’t know what to buy for my grandmother’s ________(ninety) birthday. 9.She is f________ now and next year she is going to celebrate her sixteenth birthday. 10.Three ________(five) of the teenagers enjoy watching sports games. 11.Two fifths of the milk ________ (be) drunk. 12.One third of the students ________ (play) sports every afternoon. （时间：40分钟） 1．I want to c________ myself to read more English books this year. 2.She turned her head ________ (突然大幅度地) when she heard someone call her name. 3．I w________ how many people will join the tour. 4．She made a p________ to herself that she would study harder this term. 5．You should drink more water i________ of drinking so much soda. 6．I don’t know the phone number e________ and I only remember the first three numbers are 139. 7.We don’t have much money, so we need to make a careful ________ (budget) for our trip. 8．I have been picked out to r________ the whole team. 9．When the wise old man asked for rice as a prize, the king a________ without hesitation. 10．Hearing that I won the first prize, my parents promised to buy me a new computer without h______. 11．We make the Chinese character “Fu” and put it upside down on the door. It is a s________ of good luck. 12．The new computer s_________ runs much faster than the old one. 13．The plane was late, so our f________ changed. 14．Can you c________ from one to one hundred in English? 15．When spring comes, we can see colourful flowers e________ in the park. 16．He carefully placed every piece on the ________ (国际象棋棋盘). 17.About eighty ________ (百分之) of the students in our class enjoy playing sports. 18．She stopped and thought _______ ________ ________ (片刻) before making her decision. 19．Please_______ ________(写下) your name and phone number on this piece of paper. 20．The building has many floors. We can take the lift to _______ _______ (上升) . 二、用所给词的的正确形式填空。 1．The old man came to the palace and ________ (challenge) the king to a game. 2．She is ________ (current) living with her grandparents. 3．Today we’re celebrating my grandpa’s ________ birthday. (fifty-nine) 4．They’ve talked about it many times but still couldn’t reach an ________ (agree). 5.December is the ________ (twelve) month of a year. 6．My mother’s ________ (forty) birthday is coming. We’ll have a big party for her. 7．The number of people in the city ________ (double) between 1950 and 2000. 8．The king ordered his men ________ (collect) a bag of rice. 9．The king wondered how many ________ (grain) of rice there would be. 10. My brother promised ________ (clean) his bedroom this weekend. 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Numbers are magical and powerful. They change our life and push society forward. But do you know the history of numbers? In ancient times, people’s life was simple. The world was 1 of unknowns for them. They had no numbers to count things, so they often 2 mistakes in recording goods. As time went by, people wanted to live better. They created simple symbols 3 . Soon, these symbols became early numbers. Life became easier and clearer. Counting their food and money was no longer 4 . They knew they made great 5 . People kept improving the number system 6 . They created zero, decimals and negative numbers. They also taught kids the 7 of numbers from a young age. After thousands of years, great changes took place. Modern numbers are simple and accurate. This tells us that numbers serve us well 8 we use them properly. If we ignore number rules, we will meet many 9 in study and life. Learning numbers well is learning to understand the world. Let’s start with small 10 every day. 1．A．full B．proud C．afraid D．tired 2．A．made B．took C．got D．picked 3．A．quietly B．carefully C．carelessly D．happily 4．A．dirty B．confusing C．cold D．warm 5．A．plan B．mistake C．progress D．choice 6．A．day by day B．one by one C．again and again D．step by step 7．A．secret B．difficulty C．importance D．difference 8．A．but B．if C．so D．though 9．A．problems B．chances C．dreams D．wishes 10．A．rules B．actions C．words D．ideas 四、阅读理解 A Ever feel lost with numbers? The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types: Pie Chart It’s good for showing a certain part of a whole and the proportion (比例) of each part. A pie chart enables you to plan your pocket money wisely: for snacks, books, and savings. Line Graph An excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences. Many teachers prefer using a line graph to track students’ grades. Colorful Bar Graph A colorful bar graph can also show changes over time. However, it’s more direct to make comparisons between two or more things. That’s why we can use it to compare the popularity of different school clubs among your classmates. Venn Diagram A Venn Diagram features two overlapping circles. It’s perfect for sorting information. You can use a Venn Diagram to sort plants, for example. Plants with green leaves go on the left. Plants with flowers go on the right. Plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap. Venn Diagram 1．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a historical novel. B．In a maths textbook. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a tour guide. 2．If you want to show how something changes over time and big differences, which graph would be a good choice? A．Pie chart B．Colorful Bar Graph C．Line Graph D．Venn Diagram 3．The underlined phrase overlapping circles means a circle ______. A．that covers part of another circle B．that is inside another circle C．that is far away from another circle D．that is drawn under another circle 4．If you want to show how different activities, such as sleeping, studying, fun, and sports, make up the 24 hours in your day, which graph is the best choice? A．Pie Chart B．Line Graph C．Colorful Bar Graph D．Venn Diagram 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell people about the use of data. B．To introduce some helpful data display methods. C．To show how Venn Diagrams are different from other ways. D．To help people create a project. B Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numbers. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, V, VI, VⅡ, VⅢ, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C”means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M”means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．5. B．IV. C．V. D．X. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 3．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome didn’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4．Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A．Because they are not easy to write and count. B．Because there are no Romans any more. C．Because the numbers look stupid. D．Because they are hard to remember. 5．In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A．b-c-a-d B．b-a-c-d C．d-b-a-c D．d-c-b-a 五、阅读还原 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文，并将选项的编号依次填入下边的表格内(有一个选项多余) Giving gifts is a tradition as old as mankind itself. It has always been a part of our society. When you give a gift to someone, it tells them that they are special in some way to you. 1 In fact, gift-giving is so necessary to our world that many countries developed interesting traditions. Here are some of the most interesting ones. Japan When giving a gift in Japan, you should be careful. It is not good to surprise the receivers. 2 The gift is only given in private, and it is not common to open it immediately. South Korea In South Korea, it’s very rude (粗鲁的) to give or receive a gift using only one hand, especially if it is the left hand. 3 Korean New Year’s greeting cards or gifts never with a mainly red color, as it is used for announcing funerals (宣告葬礼). Also, don’t give gifts that come in set of four as they stand for death there. India When giving a gift in India, you should always use your right hand. Using left hand is considered unclean. If giving money in India, try to give a sum (金额) that ends with “1”. 4 The number l is especially lucky as it means a new beginning. Russia 5 That color is the symbol of ending a relationship or betrayal (背叛). Do you know more traditions about gift-giving around the world? A．Odd numbers are very lucky. B．You must always use both hands. C．This country has a different tradition of giving gifts. D．You should never give someone yellow flowers here. E．We give and receive gifts on many special days, like birthdays, Mother’s Day, etc. F．As they will be uncomfortable if they cannot return something to the gift giver at once. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Amazing numbers（复习讲义) 复习要点 1.围绕“Amazing numbers”话题，掌握相关词汇、短语与句型，了解数字起源发展及应用。 2.熟练掌握基数词、序数词转换，牢记特殊变化形式，分清基数词表数量、序数词表顺序。 3.掌握本单元核心动词短语、固定句型的用法。 4.能运用单元知识点围绕数字相关话题进行有条理的口头表达与书面写作。 复习重难点 重点：基数词与序数词的特殊拼写变形及语境运用；单元核心短语与语法句型。 难点：灵活辨析易混句式结构；结合话题综合运用短语、句型，完成数字类写作输出。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. 一天，一位智者来到皇宫，国王向他挑战一场比赛。（教材P20） challenge v.向(某人)挑战n.挑战;艰巨任务 【变形】challenger n. 挑战者 challenging adj. 有挑战性的 【短语搭配】challenge sb. to sth.向某人挑战某事 challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑战做某事 例句：Tom challenged me to (play) a table tennis game.汤姆向我挑战了乒乓球。 【即时小练】 1.Jack challenged me ________ a chess match after school. A. to B. for C. with D. at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰克放学后向我挑战国际象棋比赛。固定搭配 challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战某事，介词使用 to。 2. He challenged me ________ (swim) across the river.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 【答案】to swim 【详解】句意：他向我挑战游过这条河。固定短语 challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to swim。 3. As a famous ________ (challenge), he never fears any difficult game.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 【答案】challenger 【详解】句意：作为一名知名挑战者，他从不畏惧任何艰难的比赛。冠词 a 后接指人的名词，challenger n. 挑战者。 4. 这场比赛十分具有挑战性。（中译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This game is very challenging. 知识点2: “You can have any prize if you win the game,” the king promised the old man. “如果你赢了这场比赛，你可以得到任何奖品。”国王向老人保证。（教材P20） ①promise: v./n. 承诺；允诺 规则动词：promise-promised-promised 【短语搭配】 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 He promised to help me with my math. promise sb. sth. 向某人承诺某事 My father promised me a new bike. promise + that 从句 承诺…… She promised that she would come early. make a promise 许下承诺 You should make a promise and keep it. keep a promise 遵守诺言 It's important to keep your promise. break a promise 违背诺言 Don't break your promise to your friend. ② if 条件状语从句：【核心规则】 主将从现：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。 例句：You will pass the exam if you study hard.如果努力学习，你就能通过考试。 主情从现：主句用情态动词 + 动词原形，从句用一般现在时。 You should go to the doctor if you feel sick.若你感到不适，应前往医院就诊。 主祈从现：主句用祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 Don't forget to turn off the lights if you leave the room.离开房间时，别忘了关灯。 主现从现：主句和从句都用一般现在时，表示客观事实、普遍规律、习惯性动作。 If you heat ice, it melts. 若对冰加热，它会融化。 【即时小练】 1.The king promised the old man ________ (give) him any prize.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 【答案】to give 【详解】句意：国王承诺给予老人任意奖赏。固定搭配 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事。 2.If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we ________ (go) to enjoy the flower show.（用所给词的正确形式填空） 【答案】doesn’t rain; will go 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们就去看花展。if 引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现规则；从句主语 it，一般现在时否定形式 doesn’t rain；主句使用一般将来时 will go。 3.—Can you join our hiking trip? —I will join you if I ________ free this weekend. A. will be B. am C. was D. be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 你可以参加我们的徒步旅行吗？—— 如果这周末有空我就参加。主将从现，if 从句使用一般现在时，主语 I 对应的 be 动词为 am，故选B。 4.任何人都不应该违背对他人许下的承诺。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】No one should break the promise to others. 【详解】核心短语 break a promise 违背诺言。 5.如果你足够耐心，你就能找到解决这个问题的办法。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You will find the way to solve the problem if you are patient enough. 【详解】考点：if 引导条件状语从句，主将从现句型。 知识点3: I’d like you to double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.我希望你把剩下的每个方块的数量都翻倍。(教材P20) ① would like... 【核心用法】would like = want，但比 want 更委婉、礼貌，常用于日常交际和书面表达。 【固定搭配】 结构 含义 例句 would like + 名词 想要某物 I would like a cup of tea. would like + to do 想要做某事 She would like to visit Beijing. would like + sb. + to do 想要某人做某事 He would like me to help him. Would you like...? 礼貌地询问对方意愿 Would you like some coffee? ② double v.（使）加倍；翻倍 adj.两倍的；双重的 Please double the amount. 请将金额翻倍。 They booked a double room.他们预订了双人间。 ③ the rest of 剩余的……，剩下的…… 【用法规则】the rest of... 意为“剩余的......”,其后既可以加可数名词，也可以加不可数名词。当“the rest of +n. ”做主语时，谓语动词单复数由其后的名词决定。 结构 谓语 例句 the rest of + 可数名词复数 用动词复数 The rest of the students are in the classroom. 其余学生均在教室里。 the rest of + 不可数名词 用动词单数 The rest of the water is in the bottle.其余水在瓶中。 the rest（单独使用） 谓语单复数由指代对象决定 Some books are on the desk. The rest are in the bag. 一些书在桌上，剩下的（书）在包里。 He finished part of the work. The rest needs more time.他完成了一部分工作，剩下的还需要更多时间。 【即时小练】 1. I’d like you ________ (help) me work out these difficult maths problems. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：我想要你帮我解出这些数学难题。固定搭配 would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事。 2.The rest of the magazines ________ to our class. A. belong B. belongs C. belonged D. is belonging 【答案】A 【详解】句意：剩下的杂志属于我们班。the rest of 后 magazines 为可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 3. The rest of the bread ________ left on the table for your sister. A. is B. are C. were D. be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：剩下的面包留在桌上留给你妹妹。the rest of + 不可数名词 bread，谓语动词采用单数形式。 4.我想要一间双人间，预定三个晚上。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I would like a double room for three nights. 【详解】would like sth. 想要某物；a double room 双人间。 5.如果销量持续上涨，我们会把产量翻倍。（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We will double the production if sales keep rising/ going up. 【详解】考点：double 作动词；if 条件状语从句。 知识点4: "No, just rice," the old man replied without hesitation. “不，就只要大米。”老人毫不犹豫地回答。（教材P21） ①reply v./n.回答；回复 【词义辨析】reply vs. Answer 对比项 reply answer 含义 正式、书面的“答复” 口语化、日常的“回答” 用法 不及物动词，需加介词to + 宾语 及物动词，直接接宾语 常见搭配 reply to a letter / a question answer a question / the phone / the door 侧重点 侧重于“回应对方的内容” 侧重于“对提问/呼唤的回应” 【短语搭配】 短语 含义 例句 reply + that 从句 回复说…… He replied that he was busy. reply to + 名词 答复…… Please reply to my email. in reply to 作为对……的答复 He smiled in reply to my question. make a reply 做出回答 She didn't make a reply. wait for a reply 等待答复 I'm still waiting for a reply. ②without hesitation 毫不犹豫地（作状语） 【变形】hesitation n. 犹豫→ hesitate v. 犹豫→ hesitant adj.犹豫的 【常用搭配】 hesitate to do sth：表示犹豫做某事、不愿做某事。 Don't hesitate to... 尽管……；不要犹豫…… 例句：Don't hesitate to ask me for help.尽管来找我帮忙。 She agreed without hesitation.她毫不犹豫地同意了。 【即时小练】 1.Please reply ________ this business email before Friday afternoon. A. for B. to C. at D. on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：请在周五下午之前回复这封商务邮件。reply 为不及物动词，reply to sth. 回复某事，介词 to 不可省略。 2.The young volunteer joined the activity without ________ (hesitate). 【答案】hesitation 【详解】句意：这名青年志愿者毫不犹豫参加了这项活动。固定短语 without hesitation 毫不犹豫；without 是介词，后面接名词 hesitation。 3.Don’t hesitate ________ (ask) your teachers for advice when you meet trouble. 【答案】to ask 【详解】句意：遇到困难时尽管向老师寻求建议。固定搭配 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事。 知识点5: "How many grains of rice will this be?" the king wondered. “这将有多少粒米？”国王想知道。（教材P21） wonder： v. 想知道；琢磨 wonder（n. 奇迹；惊奇） 【变形】wonderful（adj. 精彩的；绝妙的） wonderfully（adv. 精彩地；极好地） 【固定搭配】 例句： I wonder why he is late. 我想知道他为什么迟到。 She wonders if he will come. 她想知道他是否会来。 He wondered how to solve the problem. 他想知道如何解决这个问题。 It's no wonder (that) she got the first prize. 难怪她得了一等奖。 No wonder you are so happy. 难怪你这么开心。 【即时小练】 1.No wonder ________ she knows so much about ancient numbers. A. if B. what C. that D. whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：难怪她了解这么多古代数字相关知识。固定句型 No wonder (that)… 难怪……，that 引导从句，可省略。 2.I wonder ________ we can get enough chairs for all visitors. A. that B. if C. which D. whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道我们是否能为所有访客准备足够椅子。此处 if 引导宾语从句，意思为 “是否”。 2.Many students wonder how ________ (improve) their English reading skills. 【答案】to improve 【详解】句意：很多学生想知道如何提升英语阅读能力。语法结构：疑问词 + to do sth，在句中作宾语。 4. I wonder when our school ________ (hold) the sports meeting. 【答案】will hold 【详解】句意：我想知道学校什么时候举办运动会。wonder 后接宾语从句，运动会是将来发生的动作，使用一般将来时 will hold。 知识点6: After thinking about it for a moment, the king agreed.国王想了一会儿，同意了。（教材P21） ①agree v. 同意 → 反义词：disagree v.不同意 → agreement n. 同意；协定, 意见一致 【常用搭配】 搭配 含义 例句 agree with sb. 同意某人（的观点） I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 She agreed to help me. 她同意帮助我。 agree that 同意...... They agree that it is a good choice. 他们同意这是个不错的选择。 ② for a moment 短语 含义 用法说明 for a moment 一会儿；片刻 强调持续的时间很短，常与延续性动词连用=for a while at the moment 此刻；现在 强调当前的时间点，= now，常与现在进行时连用 at that moment 就在那时 强调过去的某个时间点，常与过去进行时连用 in a moment 马上；立刻 强调即将发生，常与一般将来时连用 for the moment 暂时；目前 强调暂时的状态，= for now the moment 一……就…… 作连词，= as soon as 【即时小练】 1. After thinking for a moment, Lucy agreed ________ (join) our group project. 【答案】to join 【详解】句意：露西思考片刻后同意加入我们小组项目。固定搭配 agree to do sth. 同意做某事。 2.Could you wait ________? I will bring you the notebook right now. A. at the moment B. in a moment C. for a moment D. at that moment 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你可以稍等片刻吗？我马上把笔记本拿给你。for a moment 一会儿，片刻。 3.We were talking ________ when the teacher came in. A. for a moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. for the moment 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师进来那一刻我们正在交谈。at that moment 在那时，常搭配过去进行时。 4.我赞同你的看法，这个方案值得尝试。（翻译） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I agree with you. This plan is worth trying. 【详解】考点 agree with sb. 同意某人观点;值得做 be worth doing。 知识点7: And then we need to check the train or flight schedule.然后我们需要核查火车或航班的时间表。（教材P27） check作动词,意为“检查；核查"。 【常用搭配】 check sth. 检查某物 例：Please check your answers. 请检查你的答案。 check sth. (for sth.) 检查某物（查找问题） 例：Check the paper for mistakes. 检查试卷找出错误。 check out 结账离开；核实 例：We will check out at noon. 我们中午办理退房。 check in (at…)（在……）登记；办理入住 例：You need to check in before 14:00. 你需要 14 点前办理入住。 check with sb. 和某人核实、确认 例：I need to check with my parents first. 我需要先和父母确认一下。 【即时小练】 1.Tourists should check ________ at the front gate before entering the park. A. out B. in C. over D. off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：游客入园前需要在前门登记。check in 登记，打卡。 2.Please check your article ________ spelling mistakes before handing it in. A. for B. out C. in D. at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上交前检查文章寻找拼写错误。check sth. for sth. 检查某物查找问题。 3.I will check ________ my timetable and tell you later. A. in B. out C. on D. to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我核实一下我的时间表，稍后告诉你。check out 查证、核对信息。 知识点8: Instead of using tally sticks, people began using different abstract symbols to represent different numbers.人们开始使用不同的抽象符号来表示不同的数字，以代替计数棍。（教材P30） ①instead of ：代替；作为.....的替代 【辨析】instead of 和instead 对比项 instead of instead 词性 介词短语 副词 中文意思 代替……；而不是…… 代替；反而 后接成分 ✅ 必须接宾语（名词/代词/动名词） ❌ 不能接宾语 位置 句中（替代对象前） 句首（+逗号）或句尾 例句 She stayed home instead of going out. I didn't drink coffee. I drank tea instead. Instead, we played football. ② symbol n. 【变形】symbolic adj.象征性的；符号的 symbolize v. 象征 【常用搭配】 a symbol of ……的象征 The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。 stand as a symbol 作为……的象征 The Great Wall stands as a symbol of ancient China. 长城是中国古代的象征。 use...as a symbol 用……作为象征 We use red as a symbol of good luck. 我们用红色作为好运的象征。 ③ represent v. 代表 【即时小练】 1.Ancient people used different marks ________ (represent) animals and numbers. 【答案】to represent 【详解】句意：古人使用不同记号代表动物和数字。use sth. to do sth. 使用某物去做某事，不定式表目的。 2.She chose to ride a bike instead of ________ (take) the underground. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：她选择骑自行车，而不是乘坐地铁。instead of 是介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词或者动名词。 3.He does not like drawing. He enjoys taking photos ________. A. instead of B. instead C. rather D. though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他不喜欢画画，反而喜欢拍照。instead 为副词，放句尾，后面不加宾语；instead of 后面必须接宾语。 4.White is often a symbol ________ purity in western countries. A. for B. of C. to D. on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在西方国家白色常常是纯洁的象征。a symbol of…… 的象征。 5.我们选择爬山，而不是待在家里看电视。（翻译） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We chose to climb mountains instead of watching TV at home. 【详解】考点：instead of + 动名词结构。 6.鸽子在全世界都是和平的象征。（翻译） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The dove is a symbol of peace all over the world. 【详解】核心短语 a symbol of …… 的象征。 单元语法：基数词和序数词 表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少，序数词表示顺序或等级。数词的功能相当于名词或形容词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或同位语。 一、基本用法 基数词表数量，后接可数名词；序数词表顺序，前面须加 the，但当序数词前面有形容词性物主代词或所有格修饰时，不加the。 如：three days / the third day / Tom's third birthday 1、基数词的表示法 表示方法 示例 1~12单独记忆 one 1; two 2; three 3; four 4; five 5; six 6; seven 7; eight 8; nine 9; ten 10; eleven 11; twelve 12 13~19的数字以-teen结尾 thirteen 13; fourteen 14; fifteen 15; sixteen 16; seventeen 17; eighteen 18; nineteen 19 20~90等整十基数词以-ty结尾 twenty 20; thirty 30; forty 40; fifty 50; sixty 60; seventy 70; eighty 80; ninety 90 21~99之间非整十基数词是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符 twenty-two 22; thirty-three 33; forty-four 44; fifty-five 55; sixty-six 66; seventy-seven 77; eighty-eight 88; ninety-nine 99 101～999:基数词+hundred+and+整十位数+连字符+个位数 108:one hundred and eight 256:two hundred and fifty-six 908: nine hundred and eight 1,000以上的基数词：英语用千、百万等单位计数，大数字从右向左数，每隔三位加一个逗号。从右开始，第一个逗号处读thousand(千),第二个逗号处读million(百万),第三个逗号处读billion(十亿) 1,001:one thousand and one 1,813:one thousand,eight hundred and thirteen 12,345:twelve thousand,three hundred and forty-five 1,234,567 :one million,two hundred and thirty-four thousand,five hundred and sixty-seven 单位词 hundred百；thousand千；million百万；billion十亿 2.基数词变序数词的规律是在基数词后加-th,有些有特殊变化，分别是： one two three four five six seven eight nine ten twelve twenty first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth twelfth twentieth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 12th 20th twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three thirty forty ninety hundred twenty-first twenty-second twenty-third thirtieth fortieth ninetieth hundredth 21st 22nd 23rd 30th 40th 90th 100th （口诀:一、二、三特殊记,词尾字母t、d、d；八去t,九减e,f换ve；遇到整十数,y变ie；遇到几十几，只变个位数就可以。） 二、其他用法 1.编码：表示编号时,可用“the+序数词+名词”或“名词+基数词”（注意:在“名词+基数词”结构中，名词和基数词的首字母通常大写）。 Page Five = the fifth page World War I = the First World War 2.确数和概数 表确切的数据:数词 + hundred/thousand/million/billion +名词复数 如：two hundred students 两百名学生 five thousand trees 五千棵树 表大概的数目:hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of +名词复数 如：hundreds of people 数百人 thousands of books 成千上万本书 3.次数、倍数的表达：倍数为1,用once;倍数为2,用twice/ double;倍数≥3,用"基数词+times" 如:once,twice，three times，five times 4.分数表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大1时，分母变复数形式；分子与分母之间可以加连字符也可以不加。 如:1/3 = one third /one-third 2/5 = two fifths /two-fifths 3/4 = three fourths /three-quarters 5.表示年、月、日、世纪、年代 类别 表示方法 示例 年、月、日 “年”用基数词，“日”用序数词 (美：月/日/年; 英：日/月/年) 2024年1月11日： 美：January 11st,2024 英：11st January,2024 世纪 the+序数词+century 20世纪：the twentieth century 年代 the+整十年份+s/'s 20世纪90年代：the 1990s/1990's 6.表示年龄 类别 表示方法 示例 表示“具体年龄” 基数词+year(s)+old nine years old 9岁 Fifteen years old 15岁 at the age of+基数词 at the age of four在4岁时 At the age of sixteen 在16岁时 冠词+基数-year-old +可数名词单数 an eight-year- old boy一个8岁的男孩 a nine-year-old girl 一个九岁的女孩 表示“大概年龄” in+one's+整十基数词的复数形式 in his thirties 在他三十多岁时 in her fifties 在她五十多岁时 表示“几岁生日” the/形容词性物主代词+序数词+ birthday her ninth birthday 她的九岁生日 His eighteenth birthday 他的十八岁生日 【即时小练】 1．Every year, about ________ tourists visit the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve. A．two million B．two millions C．million of D．two millions of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每年，大约两百万游客参观黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区。 million前有具体数字时，million用单数，且不加of；表示数百万用millions of，因此填two million。 2．The number of the students is about three________. And ________of them are girls. A．thousand; two third B．thousand; two thirds C．thousands; two third D．thousands; two thirds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生的数量大约是三千人，其中三分之二是女生。 前面有具体数字three，thousand不加s，用thousand；英语分数表达，分子大于1时分母加s，三分之二写作two thirds。 3．—What are your plans for the winter holiday? —I will turn ________ next month on ________ of February, so I will fly to Singapore to celebrate my birthday. A．thirteen; the thirteen B．thirteenth; the thirteen C．thirteen; the thirteenth D．thirteenth; the thirteenth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你寒假有什么计划？——我下个月就十三岁了，在二月十三日，所以我会飞去新加坡庆祝我的生日。 表示年龄用基数词，turn thirteen意为“满十三岁”；表示具体日期用序数词，on the thirteenth of February意为“在二月十三日”，序数词前常加定冠词the。 4．This is ________ time for me to visit the Great Wall. I’m very excited. A．the first B．first C．a first D．an first 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我第一次参观长城。我很兴奋。 first意为“第一”，是序数词，表示顺序，其前加定冠词the。排除选项B、C、D。 5.We will learn ________ tomorrow. A. the Unit Five B. Unit Five C. Five Unit D. fifth unit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们明天将要学习第五单元。编号有两种表达方式：①名词（大写）+ 基数词（大写），不加 the；②the + 序数词 + 名词。Unit Five = the fifth unit。因此选 B。 6.The anti-Japanese war broke out in ________. A. the 1930 B. 1930s C. the 1930s D. 1930’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：抗日战争爆发于 20 世纪 30 年代。表达 “某世纪几十年代” 固定结构：the + 整十年份 + s。in the 1930s 在 20 世纪 30 年代，必须带定冠词 the。故选 C。 7．M________ of people around the world come to visit Beijing every year. 【答案】(M)illions 【详解】句意：每年世界各地有数百万人来参观北京。根据“of people around the world come to visit Beijing every year”和首字母可推断此处表达的是数量概念，即“数百万的”。millions of“数百万的”，是固定短语。故填(M)illions。 8.I don’t know what to buy for my grandmother’s ________(ninety) birthday. 【答案】ninetieth 【详解】句意：我不知道为我祖母90岁的生日买什么。提示词ninety（九十）是基数词。根据句意和提示词可知，此处应使用其序数词ninetieth作定语（第九十），修饰名词birthday。 9.She is f________ now and next year she is going to celebrate her sixteenth birthday. 【答案】fifteen 【详解】句意：她现在15岁，明年她将庆祝她的16岁生日。根据“next year she is going to celebrate her sixteenth birthday”可知，明年她将庆祝16岁生日，说明她现在15岁。空格处需填入表示年龄的数字，应为基数词“fifteen”，在句中作表语。故填(f)ifteen。 10.Three ________(five) of the teenagers enjoy watching sports games. 【答案】fifths 【详解】句意：五分之三的青少年喜欢观看体育比赛。五分之三 three fifths，分子大于 1，分母序数词加 s故填fifths。 11.Two fifths of the milk ________ (be) drunk. 【答案】is 【解析】分数 + of + 名词作主语，谓语动词由 of 后的名词决定。milk 不可数名词，谓语用单数 is。 12.One third of the students ________ (play) sports every afternoon. 【答案】play 【解析】students 是可数名词复数，谓语动词用原形 play。 （时间：40分钟） 1．I want to c________ myself to read more English books this year. 【答案】challenge 【详解】句意：我今年想要挑战自己，读更多的英语书。根据首字母可知，对应的英文单词是challenge。“want to do sth.”是固定句型，to后面需要接动词原形。故填challenge。 2.She turned her head ________ (突然大幅度地) when she heard someone call her name. 【答案】sharply 【详解】句意：当她听到有人叫她的名字时，她突然大幅度地转过头来。根据汉语提示可知，sharply“突然大幅度地”，副词，修饰动词。故填sharply。 3．I w________ how many people will join the tour. 【答案】wonder 【详解】句意：我很好奇有多少人会参加这次旅行。根据“how many people will join the tour.”可知，这是对这个事件的好奇，wonder“好奇，想知道”，句子为一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。 4．She made a p________ to herself that she would study harder this term. 【答案】promise 【详解】句意：她对自己做了一个承诺，这学期她要更加努力学习。根据首字母提示和“that she would study harder this term”可知，此处表示她对自己做出了一个承诺。名词promise“承诺”符合语境。故填promise。 5．You should drink more water i________ of drinking so much soda. 【答案】instead 【详解】句意：你应该多喝水，而不是喝那么多苏打水。根据句子结构，空格处需要填入一个词来表示“代替、而不是”的意思，连接前后两个动作 (drink more water 和 drinking so much soda)。instead of 是固定搭配，意为“而不是”，在句中作状语。故填(i)nstead。 6．I don’t know the phone number e________ and I only remember the first three numbers are 139. 【答案】(e)xactly 【详解】句意：我不知道确切的电话号码，我只记得前三个号码是139。根据首字母提示和“I only remember the first three numbers are 139”可推知，“我”不知道确切的电话号码。副词exactly“确切地”符合语境，用于修饰动词know。故填(e)xactly。 7.We don’t have much money, so we need to make a careful ________ (budget) for our trip. 【答案】budget 【详解】句意：我们没有很多钱，所以需要为这次旅行做一份周密的预算。空前有不定冠词 a 和形容词 careful，二者修饰名词，括号内 budget 此处作名词，意为 “预算”，因此直接填名词原形 budget；固定搭配 make a budget 做预算。 8．I have been picked out to r________ the whole team. 【答案】(r)epresent 【详解】句意：我被选出来代表整个团队。此句中用to do不定式表示目的，作目的状语，空处填动词原形。根据“I have been picked out”、“the whole team”以及首字母提示可知，此处指被挑选出来的人代表整个队伍。represent“代表”，动词。故填(r)epresent。 9．When the wise old man asked for rice as a prize, the king a________ without hesitation. 【答案】agreed 【详解】句意：当这位聪明的老人要求以大米作为奖品时，国王毫不犹豫地同意了。根据首字母提示和“without hesitation”可知，此处指的是国王没有犹豫就同意了，动词agree“同意”，符合语境。再根据“asked”可知，描述的是一个过去的事件，空格处需填入动词的过去式，与前半句的时态保持一致。故填agreed。 10．Hearing that I won the first prize, my parents promised to buy me a new computer without h______. 【答案】(h)esitation 【详解】句意：听说我得了一等奖，我父母毫不犹豫地答应给我买一台新电脑。根据首字母提示和“Hearing that I won the first prize”可知，此处表示父母毫不犹豫地奖励“我”。介词短语without hesitation“毫不犹豫地”符合语境。故填(h)esitation。 11．We make the Chinese character “Fu” and put it upside down on the door. It is a s________ of good luck. 【答案】symbol 【详解】意：我们制作汉字“福”，然后把它倒贴在门上。它是好运的象征。根据“a…of”可知，横线处需填名词，s开头的表示“象征”的名词为symbol“象征”，a symbol of“……的象征”。故填symbol。 12．The new computer s_________ runs much faster than the old one. 【答案】system 【详解】句意：这台新计算机系统的运行速度比旧系统快得多。根据“The new computer ... runs much faster than the old one.”及首字母提示可知，system“系统”符合句意，可数名词，空前有定冠词the，表示特征，用名词单数。故填system。 13．The plane was late, so our f________ changed. 【答案】flight 【详解】句意：飞机晚点了，所以我们的航班变更了。根据前半句“The plane was late（飞机晚点）”、首字母提示f以及空后动词changed可判断，此处填名词flight，表示“航班”，符合语境。 14．Can you c________ from one to one hundred in English? 【答案】count 【详解】句意：你能用英语从一数到一百吗？首字母c提示，根据“from one to one hundred”可知，此处表示“数数”，count意为“数数”，情态动词can后接动词原形。 15．When spring comes, we can see colourful flowers e________ in the park. 【答案】everywhere 【详解】句意：当春天到来时，我们能看到公园里到处都是五颜六色的花朵。根据“When spring comes, we can see colourful flowers…in the park.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指能看到公园里到处都是五颜六色的花朵，everywhere“到处，处处”，在句中作状语，表示花朵开放的范围。故填everywhere。 16．He carefully placed every piece on the ________ (国际象棋棋盘). 【答案】chessboard 【详解】句意：他小心翼翼地把每一个棋子放在国际象棋棋盘上。chessboard“国际象棋棋盘”，on the chessboard“在国际象棋棋盘上”。故填chessboard。 17.About eighty ________ (百分之) of the students in our class enjoy playing sports. 【答案】percent 【详解】句意：我们班大约百分之八十的学生喜欢运动。根据汉语提示可知，percent“百分之”，表示具体的百分数时，用“基数词+percent”结构，此处eighty percent表示“百分之八十”。故填percent。 18．She stopped and thought _______ ________ ________ (片刻) before making her decision. 【答案】for a moment 【详解】句意：在做出决定之前，她停下来思考了片刻。根据中文提示“片刻”可知，此处表示“片刻，一会儿”，可用短语for a moment表示。故填for a moment。 19．Please_______ ________(写下) your name and phone number on this piece of paper. 【答案】write down 【详解】句意：请在这张纸上写下你的姓名和电话号码。“写下”对应的英文是“write down”，此句是祈使句，要用动词原形。故填write down。 20．The building has many floors. We can take the lift to _______ _______ (上升) . 【答案】go up 【详解】句意：这栋楼有很多层。我们可以乘电梯上升。“上升”对应的英文短语是“go up”，“take the lift to do sth.”结构中要用动词原形。故填go up。 二、用所给词的的正确形式填空。 1．The old man came to the palace and ________ (challenge) the king to a game. 【答案】challenged 【详解】句意：老人来到宫殿，向国王挑战一个游戏。句子中的“came”是过去式，表示动作发生在过去，“challenge”与“came”并列作谓语，因此也用一般过去式，故填challenged。 2．She is ________ (current) living with her grandparents. 【答案】currently 【详解】句意：她目前和祖父母住在一起。空格处修饰动词短语“living with”，需用副词形式；“current”的副词为“currently”，意为“目前、当前”。 3．Today we’re celebrating my grandpa’s ________ birthday. (fifty-nine) 【答案】fifty-ninth 【详解】句意：今天我们正在庆祝我祖父的五十九岁生日。原句中“birthday”和括号里的“fifty-nine”是关键词，这里要表达“第五十九个生日”，需用序数词；fifty-nine的序数词形式是fifty-ninth，故填fifty-ninth。 4．They’ve talked about it many times but still couldn’t reach an ________ (agree). 【答案】agreement 【详解】句意：他们已经讨论这件事很多次了，但依旧没能达成协议。空格前有不定冠词an，此处需要填入名词；动词agree对应的名词形式是agreement，固定搭配reach an agreement表示“达成协议”。 5.December is the ________ (twelve) month of a year. 【答案】twelfth 【详解】句意：十二月是一年中的第十二个月份。此处表示顺序，需要使用序数词。twelve 为基数词，序数词变化规则：把ve改为f再加- th，正确形式 twelfth。 6．My mother’s ________ (forty) birthday is coming. We’ll have a big party for her. 【答案】fortieth 【详解】句意：我妈妈的四十岁生日快要到了，我们会为她举办一场盛大的派对。根据括号内提示词forty以及后面名词birthday可知，此处需要用序数词表示“第四十个生日”；forty的序数词变形规则为变y为i再加eth，即fortieth。 7．The number of people in the city ________ (double) between 1950 and 2000. 【答案】doubled 【详解】句意：这座城市的人口数量在1950年至2000年间翻了一番。所给的词double为动词，意为“（使）翻倍”。句中时间状语between 1950 and 2000是过去的时间段，句子要用一般过去时，double的过去式为doubled。 8．The king ordered his men ________ (collect) a bag of rice. 【答案】to collect 【详解】句意：国王命令他的手下收集一袋米。固定搭配“order sb. to do sth.”意为“命令某人做某事”，因此填不定式to collect。 9．The king wondered how many ________ (grain) of rice there would be. 【答案】grains 【详解】句意：国王想知道将会有多少粒大米。how many“多少”后面必须接可数名词复数，grain此处意为“（粮食的）颗粒，谷粒”，是可数名词，复数形式是grains。 10. My brother promised ________ (clean) his bedroom this weekend. 【答案】to clean 【详解】句意：我弟弟承诺这周末打扫他的卧室。promise 后面接不定式作宾语，固定搭配 promise to do sth.，意为 “承诺做某事”，因此填 to clean。 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Numbers are magical and powerful. They change our life and push society forward. But do you know the history of numbers? In ancient times, people’s life was simple. The world was 1 of unknowns for them. They had no numbers to count things, so they often 2 mistakes in recording goods. As time went by, people wanted to live better. They created simple symbols 3 . Soon, these symbols became early numbers. Life became easier and clearer. Counting their food and money was no longer 4 . They knew they made great 5 . People kept improving the number system 6 . They created zero, decimals and negative numbers. They also taught kids the 7 of numbers from a young age. After thousands of years, great changes took place. Modern numbers are simple and accurate. This tells us that numbers serve us well 8 we use them properly. If we ignore number rules, we will meet many 9 in study and life. Learning numbers well is learning to understand the world. Let’s start with small 10 every day. 1．A．full B．proud C．afraid D．tired 2．A．made B．took C．got D．picked 3．A．quietly B．carefully C．carelessly D．happily 4．A．dirty B．confusing C．cold D．warm 5．A．plan B．mistake C．progress D．choice 6．A．day by day B．one by one C．again and again D．step by step 7．A．secret B．difficulty C．importance D．difference 8．A．but B．if C．so D．though 9．A．problems B．chances C．dreams D．wishes 10．A．rules B．actions C．words D．ideas 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述数字的历史与重要性。从古代无数字的不便到现代系统的完善，强调正确使用数字规则对生活和学习的影响，呼吁从小行动做起。 【详解】1．句意：世界对他们来说充满了未知。 古代人知识少，世界充满未知的事物。用be full of“充满”符合语境。 2．句意：他们没有数字去数数，所以他们经常在记录货物时犯错误。 前文提到“They had no numbers to count things,”他们没有数字数数，因此记录货物时会出错，固定搭配make mistakes“犯错误”。 3．句意：他们仔细地创造了简单的符号。 前文提到“They had no numbers to count things, so they often...mistakes in recording goods.”他们经常犯错，可知现在需“仔细”避免错误。用carefully符合语境。 4．句意：数食物和钱不再令人困惑。 前文提到“Life became easier and clearer”生活变得更容易，更清楚，因此数数不再令人困惑，用confusing与前后文语境相符。 5．句意：他们知道他们取得了巨大的进步。 前文提到“Soon, these symbols became early numbers. Life became easier and clearer. Counting their food and money was no longer”人们能数食物和钱，生活变得更容易，更清楚，因此这是取得了巨大进步，用make great progress“取得巨大进步”与前文语境相符。 6．句意：人们逐步改进数字系统。 后文提到“They created zero, decimals and negative numbers.”列举零、小数等发展过程，这是逐步改进数字系统，用step by step“逐步”与前文逻辑相一致。 7．句意：他们从小教孩子数字的重要性。 前文提到“Soon, these symbols became early numbers. Life became easier and clearer. Counting their food and money was no longer”人们能数食物和钱，生活变得更容易，更清楚，因此数字对生活是很重要的，用importance与前文的语境一致。 8．句意：如果我们正确使用它们，数字会很好地为我们服务。 根据前后句，数字会很好地为我们服务，应是在我们正确地使用它们的条件下，用if引导条件状语从句。 9．句意：如果我们忽视数字规则，我们会遇到许多问题。 后文提到“ignore number rules”忽视数字规则的后果是负面的“问题”。用problems与语境相符。 10．句意：让我们每天从小行动开始。 前文提到“Learning numbers well is learning to understand the world.”学好数字就是学会理解世界，因此要从学好数字这个小行动开始，用actions贴合实践语境。 四、阅读理解 A Ever feel lost with numbers? The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types: Pie Chart It’s good for showing a certain part of a whole and the proportion (比例) of each part. A pie chart enables you to plan your pocket money wisely: for snacks, books, and savings. Line Graph An excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences. Many teachers prefer using a line graph to track students’ grades. Colorful Bar Graph A colorful bar graph can also show changes over time. However, it’s more direct to make comparisons between two or more things. That’s why we can use it to compare the popularity of different school clubs among your classmates. Venn Diagram A Venn Diagram features two overlapping circles. It’s perfect for sorting information. You can use a Venn Diagram to sort plants, for example. Plants with green leaves go on the left. Plants with flowers go on the right. Plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap. Venn Diagram 1．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a historical novel. B．In a maths textbook. C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a tour guide. 2．If you want to show how something changes over time and big differences, which graph would be a good choice? A．Pie chart B．Colorful Bar Graph C．Line Graph D．Venn Diagram 3．The underlined phrase overlapping circles means a circle ______. A．that covers part of another circle B．that is inside another circle C．that is far away from another circle D．that is drawn under another circle 4．If you want to show how different activities, such as sleeping, studying, fun, and sports, make up the 24 hours in your day, which graph is the best choice? A．Pie Chart B．Line Graph C．Colorful Bar Graph D．Venn Diagram 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell people about the use of data. B．To introduce some helpful data display methods. C．To show how Venn Diagrams are different from other ways. D．To help people create a project. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了四种常见的图表类型（饼图、折线图、彩色柱状图、维恩图），并说明每种图表的功能与适用场景。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据“Ever feel lost with numbers? The right graph can help! It makes data clear.”可知，文章围绕数据图表展开，这类内容通常出现在数学课本中，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Line Graph... An excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences.”可知，折线图适合展示随时间的变化和较大差异，故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap.”可知，“overlapping circles” 指的是两个圆互相覆盖部分区域，选项A “that covers part of another circle”符合语境，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Pie Chart... It’s good for showing a certain part of a whole and the proportion of each part.”可知，饼图适合展示整体中各部分的比例，“不同活动占一天 24 小时的比例”属于此类场景，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Let’s look at the four most common graph types”及全文对各类图表的介绍可知，文章的主要目的是介绍实用的数据展示方法，故选B。 B Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numbers. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, V, VI, VⅡ, VⅢ, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C”means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M”means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．5. B．IV. C．V. D．X. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 3．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome didn’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4．Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A．Because they are not easy to write and count. B．Because there are no Romans any more. C．Because the numbers look stupid. D．Because they are hard to remember. 5．In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A．b-c-a-d B．b-a-c-d C．d-b-a-c D．d-c-b-a 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了罗马数字及阿拉伯数字的特点和发展。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are ‘I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, V, VI, VⅡ, VⅢ, IX, X’ ”可知，如果你想说5，你可以把四个手指放在一边，大拇指放在另一边。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。结合上文和“But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see”以及“on some watches and clocks”可知，罗马数字难写难算，今天已经很少人使用了，但是我们仍然能在手表和时钟里看到罗马数字，故此处的“them”指的是罗马数字。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numbers”可知，“0”在阿拉伯数字中是“零”的意思。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count”可知，因为罗马数字难写难算，所以今天已近很少人使用了。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals...Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot”可知，印度人首先创造并使用阿拉伯数字。在8世纪晚期，阿拉伯国家的人们知道了它们。然后阿拉伯人把它们带到了欧洲。所以欧洲人称它们为阿拉伯数字。今天，世界各地的人们都在使用阿拉伯数字。故选B。 五、阅读还原 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文，并将选项的编号依次填入下边的表格内(有一个选项多余) Giving gifts is a tradition as old as mankind itself. It has always been a part of our society. When you give a gift to someone, it tells them that they are special in some way to you. 1 In fact, gift-giving is so necessary to our world that many countries developed interesting traditions. Here are some of the most interesting ones. Japan When giving a gift in Japan, you should be careful. It is not good to surprise the receivers. 2 The gift is only given in private, and it is not common to open it immediately. South Korea In South Korea, it’s very rude (粗鲁的) to give or receive a gift using only one hand, especially if it is the left hand. 3 Korean New Year’s greeting cards or gifts never with a mainly red color, as it is used for announcing funerals (宣告葬礼). Also, don’t give gifts that come in set of four as they stand for death there. India When giving a gift in India, you should always use your right hand. Using left hand is considered unclean. If giving money in India, try to give a sum (金额) that ends with “1”. 4 The number l is especially lucky as it means a new beginning. Russia 5 That color is the symbol of ending a relationship or betrayal (背叛). Do you know more traditions about gift-giving around the world? A．Odd numbers are very lucky. B．You must always use both hands. C．This country has a different tradition of giving gifts. D．You should never give someone yellow flowers here. E．We give and receive gifts on many special days, like birthdays, Mother’s Day, etc. F．As they will be uncomfortable if they cannot return something to the gift giver at once. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些国家有趣的赠送礼物的传统。 【详解】1．根据“When you give a gift to someone, it tells them that they are special in some way to you.”可知，此处描述的是礼物在很多特殊场合中的作用，选项E “我们在许多特殊的日子里赠送和接受礼物，比如生日、母亲节等” 符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“When giving a gift in Japan, you should be careful. It is not good to surprise the receivers.”可知，此处应该介绍为什么在日本送礼物要谨慎，选项F “因为他们会感到不舒服如果无法立刻回礼” 符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“In South Korea, it’s very rude (粗鲁的) to give or receive a gift using only one hand, especially if it is the left hand.”可知，此处应该介绍怎样赠送或接收礼物是礼貌的，选项B “你必须始终用双手” 符合语境。故选B。   4．根据“If giving money in India, try to give a sum (金额) that ends with ‘1’.”可知，此处应该介绍印度礼仪的金额，选项A “奇数非常幸运” 符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“That color is the symbol of ending a relationship or betrayal (背叛).”可知，此处应该提到一种禁忌颜色，选项D “这里永远不要送人黄色花” 符合语境。故选D。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $