精品解析：开学验收模拟试题2025-2026学年沪教版(五四学制）（2024）英语八年级上册

英语模拟试题 一、语法选择 More and more people in China are now showing their lives by live streaming (网络直播). Days ago, the famous Olympic swimmer Fu Yuanhui did ___1___ one-hour live streaming. In this way, users can share ___2___ ideas with others online. Viewers (观看者) can also buy and ___3___ virtual (虚拟的) gifts to others online. A 19-year-old college student Li says she sings ___4___ viewers through app every week. “I ___5___ to do live streaming weekly,” she says. “I feel wonderful when viewers are watching me.” However, some people ___6___ live streaming. There are still some bad behaviors (行为) in live steaming. They are ___7___ for children. Maybe some people will improve their behaviors after they are warned (警告) by the officials (官方), ___8___ there are more than 80 apps for live streaming in China. The officials can ___9___ keep all the bad behaviors away from children. “We believe the use of live streaming is meaningful. But people should know the two ___10___ of it,” one of the officials said. 1 A. an B. a C. the 2. A. their B. they C. them 3. A. choose B. send C. plan 4. A. for B. of C. about 5. A. agree B. hate C. expect 6. A. care about B. are worried about C. are happy with 7. A. terrible B. impossible C. possible 8. A. if B. as C. but 9. A. probably B. hardly C. cheaply 10. A. sides B. words C. competitions 二、单项选择 11. Cooking this fish is really ________. You just need to follow me. A. local B. creative C. simple D. cultural 12. My mother often helps me with my homework, ________ she also helps me learn about the world. A. and B. but C. so D. or 13. —What do you think of DeepSeek? —It is really ________! I often use it to search for information. A. fantastic B. mobile C. alive D. cultural 14. —Is the man over there your new teacher? —Yes. His classes are interesting, so he is welcome ________ students. A. for B. in C. among D. between 15. Betty stopped spending time on short-form video apps _______ she realized it was a waste of time. A. because B. but C. if D. though 16. Linda’s family are very friendly. They often smile and share interesting things in their life. There is much ________ in their daily life. A. darkness B. happiness C. trouble D. information 17. After they talked about it for five hours, they ________ agree to my plan. A. greatly B. finally C. suddenly D. actually 18. When you cook this dish, you can ________ it to make sure it has enough salt. A. taste B. feel C. hear D. smell 19. The porridge ________ great. Could you give me more? A. sounds B. remains C. tastes D. feels 20. The teacher always wears a smile on his face, and he ________ friendly to everyone. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. smells 21. ________ is perfect, but we can work hard to be a better person. A. Anybody B. Everybody C. Everyone D. Nobody 22. John tries his best to run ________ than before in the race. A. quick B. more quick C. quickly D. more quickly 23. I am proud of our Chinese ________. It is very rich and colourful. A. energy B. spirit C. habit D. culture 24. Mr. Dancer can go _________ without Charlie because it is his eyes. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere 25. ________ Jack ________ I am busy these days, so we’ve decided not to go out this weekend. A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or 三、选词填空 Complete the following two passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）： A. absorb B. carbon dioxide C. habitat D. extinction E. recycle Forests are often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they play a vital role in regulating our planet’s climate. Every day, trees ____26____ massive amounts of ____27____ through photosynthesis, converting it into oxygen that humans and animals depend on. Beyond this critical function, forests serve as a ____28____ for over 80% of terrestrial biodiversity, including endangered species like the orangutan and Bengal tiger. Yet despite their importance, deforestation continues at an alarming rate—approximately 10 million hectares of forest are lost annually. When trees are cut down, not only do these species lose their homes, but they also face the risk of ____29____. A. sustainable B. erosion C. groundwater D. balance E. human activity The ecological consequences of deforestation extend far beyond wildlife. Forests act as natural barriers against soil ____30____ and help maintain ____31____ tables, ensuring clean water supplies for communities. They also stabilize local climates by regulating temperature and rainfall patterns. However, ____32____ such as logging and agriculture threatens this delicate ____33____. Once destroyed, restoring a forest ecosystem can take centuries. 四、用词的适当形式填空 34. Two ________ of the Grade Eight students entered for the sports meeting. (five) 35. I’m truly ________ for all the support my friends have given me. (thank) 36. If you want to use the computer lab, you must fill in an ________ first. (apply) 37. The tall man had to ________ his head to get through the door. (low) 38. Kevin gained ________ and found the courage to try again. (confident) 39. One of the giraffes ______ (be) sleeping. 40. There are lots of people there who ________ help you. (actual) 五、按要求改写下列句子 41. My birthday is on October tenth. (对划线部分进行提问) ________ ________ your birthday? 42 The final project satisfied Maggie greatly. (对画线部分提问) _________ ________ the final project satisfy Maggie? 43 Jack sells clothes the most cheaply of all. (保持句意基本不变) Jack sells clothes ________ ________ than the others 44. We should review our notes before the exam. (改否定句) We ________ ________ our notes before the exam. 45. She likes listening to music. (改为否定句) She ________ ________ listening to music. 六、阅读理解 Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867, was a pioneering physicist and chemist who made groundbreaking contributions to the study of radioactivity. Despite facing significant obstacles as a woman in a male-dominated field, she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911. Curie’s early life was marked by hardship. Her family, once part of the educated middle class, fell into financial ruin due to political turmoil in Poland. Determined to pursue higher education, she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the Sorbonne, where she excelled academically. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, a French physicist, and the couple began collaborating on research into radioactive materials. Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium, from pitchblende, a uranium-rich mineral. This work earned them the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Henri Becquerel, who first discovered radioactivity. Tragically, Pierre died in a street accident in 1906, leaving Marie to continue their research alone. Despite personal grief, Curie persisted. In 1911, she won her second Nobel Prize. this time in Chemistry, for her work on radium and polonium. She became the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne and later established the Radium Institute in Paris to further study radioactive elements. During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as “petites Curies”, to help treat wounded soldiers. Curie’s dedication to science came at a personal cost. Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934. However, her legacy endures. She inspired generations of scientists and laid the foundation for modern research into nuclear energy and cancer treatment. 46. What was Marie Curie’s birth name? A. Maria Sklodowska. B. Maria Pierre. C. Maria Becquerel. D. Maria Radium. 47. In which two scientific fields did Marie Curie win Nobel Prizes? A. Physics and Biology. B. Chemistry and Medicine. C. Physics and Chemistry. D. Biology and Medicine. 48. Why did Marie Curie name one of the elements she discovered “polonium”? A. To honor her husband. B. To honor her homeland. C. To honor her mentor. D. To honor her colleague. 49. What was the primary cause of Marie Curie’s death? A. A street accident. B. Aplastic anemia from radiation exposure. C. Cancer from overwork. D. Heart disease. 50. What was one of Marie Curie’s contributions during World War I? A. Developing mobile X-ray units. B. Inventing the first nuclear reactor. C. Creating a vaccine for soldiers. D. Leading medical research teams. 七、完型填空 Today was quite a busy day at school. It all started during lunch when I got into an argument with my classmate Jack. We were both really excited about our upcoming group project and had some strong opinions about how to do it. Jack suggested we should focus on making a model, while I thought a presentation would be ____51____. Our disagreement quickly ____52____ into a heated exchange of words. As the argument grew louder, other classmates started to gather around, which only made things worse. I could feel my face turning red with anger and I said some things I didn’t really mean. Jack looked equally upset and the anger between us was obvious. It wasn’t long before the bell rang. We went back to our seat ____53____ fixing anything and I spent the next few classes feeling awful. During the last period, I couldn’t concentrate on the lesson. All I could think about was the argument and how it might ____54____ our project and our friendship. I knew I had to make things right. After school, I went to Jack as he was packing up his things. I took a deep breath and apologized for my harsh words. Jack looked surprised but relieved. He admitted that he had also been too stubborn and apologized as well. We sat down and talked things ____55____. It turned out we both had good points and could combine our ideas for the project. By the end of our conversation, the anger had completely disappeared. We even laughed about how silly the whole argument had been. I’m really glad we were able to fix things quickly. It taught me the importance of communication and the power of a sincere ____56____. I feel much better now and am looking forward to working on the project with Jack. 51. A. worse B. bigger C. higher D. better 52. A. stayed B. turned C. finished D. began 53. A. within B. beyond C. without D. inside 54. A. create B. ignore C. divide D. affect 55. A. calmly B. harshly C. strongly D. angrily 56. A. promise B. apology C. plan D. decision 八、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Whales are the biggest animals in the world. They are quiet and friendly. They live happily in the sea. But some countries kill whales. Japan is one of them. Japan is a small country. Many people go fishing in Japan. Some schools even cook whale meat for students. Whales are important to the sea. They swim up and down. They bring up things for other sea animals and plants to eat. Many animals and plants live on them. When whales die (死亡), small animals can eat them for about one hundred years. But now, whales are in great danger because they don’t have much food to eat, many whales die. Another reason is that whales are killed by people. Many people kill whales for money. Fishermen from Japan, Norway and other countries kill whales. Every year, they kill around 1,500 large whales. Some whales like blue whales have died out because of killing. At the same time, they are in great danger. How can we help them? 57. Are whales quiet and friendly? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How long can small animals eat the whales when they die? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 59. Why are many whales in great danger around the world? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 60. How can we save whales? Give at least (至少) two pieces of advice. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 九、书面表达 61. 请以“诚信”为题写一篇至少60词的短文 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语模拟试题 一、语法选择 More and more people in China are now showing their lives by live streaming (网络直播). Days ago, the famous Olympic swimmer Fu Yuanhui did ___1___ one-hour live streaming. In this way, users can share ___2___ ideas with others online. Viewers (观看者) can also buy and ___3___ virtual (虚拟的) gifts to others online. A 19-year-old college student Li says she sings ___4___ viewers through app every week. “I ___5___ to do live streaming weekly,” she says. “I feel wonderful when viewers are watching me.” However, some people ___6___ live streaming. There are still some bad behaviors (行为) in live steaming. They are ___7___ for children. Maybe some people will improve their behaviors after they are warned (警告) by the officials (官方), ___8___ there are more than 80 apps for live streaming in China. The officials can ___9___ keep all the bad behaviors away from children. “We believe the use of live streaming is meaningful. But people should know the two ___10___ of it,” one of the officials said. 1. A. an B. a C. the 2. A. their B. they C. them 3. A. choose B. send C. plan 4. A. for B. of C. about 5. A. agree B. hate C. expect 6. A. care about B. are worried about C. are happy with 7. A. terrible B. impossible C. possible 8. A. if B. as C. but 9. A. probably B. hardly C. cheaply 10. A. sides B. words C. competitions 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了现在，越来越多的中国人通过手机上的视频向世界展示他们生活的一部分。本文主要向我们介绍了有关直播的内容和两面性。 【1题详解】 句意：几天前，著名的奥运游泳运动员傅园慧做了一个小时的直播。 an一个，用于元音音素前；a一个，用于辅音音素前；the不定冠词，特指。根据“one-hour”可知，以辅音音素开头。故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：通过这种方式，用户可以在网上与他人分享他们的想法。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，主格；them他们，宾格。根据“idea”可知，需用形容词性物主代词。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：观众也可以在线购买和发送虚拟礼物给其他人。 choose选择；send发送；plan计划。根据“Viewers (观看者) can also buy and ... virtual (虚拟的) gifts to others online.”可知，：观众也可以在线购买和发送虚拟礼物给其他人。故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：19岁的大学生小李说，她每周都会通过app为观众唱歌。 for为了；of属于；about关于。根据“A 19-year-old college student Li says she sings ... viewers through app every week.”可知，小李每周都会通过app为观众唱歌。故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：“我期待每周做一次直播，”她说。 agree同意；hate痛恨；expect希望。根据“I feel wonderful when viewers are watching me.”可知，小李每周都期待做直播。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：然而，一些人对直播感到担忧。 care about关心；are worried about担心；are happy with开心。根据“There are still some bad behaviors (行为) in live steaming.”可知，一些人对直播感到担忧。故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：它们对孩子来说很可怕。 terrible糟糕的；impossible不可能的；possible可能的。根据“There are still some bad behaviors (行为) in live steaming.”可知，它们对孩子来说很可怕。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：也许有些人在受到官方警告后会改善他们的行为，但是中国有80多个直播应用程序。 if如果；as作为，像；but但是。根据前后句“Maybe some people will improve their behaviors after they are warned (警告) by the officials (官方), ... there are more than 80 apps for live streaming in China.”可知，前后句为转折关系。故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：官员们很难使孩子们远离所有的不良行为。 probably可能；hardly几乎不；cheaply便宜地。根据“there are more than 80 apps for live streaming in China.”可知，在中国有80多个直播平台，官员们很难使孩子们远离所有的不良行为。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：“我们相信使用直播是有意义的。但人们应该了解它的两面性，”其中一名官员表示。 sides边；words单词；competitions比赛。通读全文可知，直播是有两面性的。故选A。 二、单项选择 11. Cooking this fish is really ________. You just need to follow me. A. local B. creative C. simple D. cultural 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：做这条鱼真的很简单。你只需要跟着我做。 考查形容词辨析。local当地的；creative有创意的；simple简单的；cultural文化的。根据“You just need to follow me.”可知，此处强调烹饪方法简单。故选C。 12. My mother often helps me with my homework, ________ she also helps me learn about the world. A. and B. but C. so D. or 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的妈妈经常辅导我做家庭作业，并且她也帮助我了解这个世界。 考查连词辨析。and和，表顺承；but但是，表转折；so因此，表因果；or或者，表选择。根据“she also helps”可知前后为顺承关系，用and连接。故选A。 13. —What do you think of DeepSeek? —It is really ________! I often use it to search for information. A. fantastic B. mobile C. alive D. cultural 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你觉得DeepSeek怎么样？——它真很棒！我经常用它来搜索信息。 考查形容词辨析。fantastic极好的；mobile移动的；alive活着的；cultural文化的。根据“I often use it to search for information.”可知，DeepSeek很棒。故选A。 14. —Is the man over there your new teacher? —Yes. His classes are interesting, so he is welcome ________ students. A. for B. in C. among D. between 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——那边那个人是你的新老师吗？——对。他的课很有趣，所以他很受学生欢迎。 考查介词辨析。for为了；in在……里面；among在……中，用于三者或以上的群体；between在……之间，仅用于两者之间。根据“he is welcome…students”的语境可知，此处指他很受学生欢迎，空后的“students”表示三者或以上，C项符合。故选C。 15. Betty stopped spending time on short-form video apps _______ she realized it was a waste of time. A. because B. but C. if D. though 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：Betty停止花时间在短视频应用上，因为她意识到这是浪费时间。 考查连词辨析。because因为；but但是；if如果；though虽然。根据“Betty stopped spending time on short-form video apps…she realized it was a waste of time.”可知是指因为她意识到这是浪费时间，故应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 16. Linda’s family are very friendly. They often smile and share interesting things in their life. There is much ________ in their daily life. A. darkness B. happiness C. trouble D. information 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：琳达的家人非常友好。他们经常微笑，分享生活中有趣的事情。他们的日常生活中有很多快乐。 考查名词辨析。darkness黑暗；happiness快乐；trouble麻烦；information信息。根据“Linda’s family are very friendly. They often smile and share interesting things in their life.”可知，琳达的家人友善，而且分享生活中的有趣的事情，说明他们的生活很快乐。故选B。 17. After they talked about it for five hours, they ________ agree to my plan. A. greatly B. finally C. suddenly D. actually 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：经过五个小时的讨论后，他们最终同意了我的计划。 考查副词辨析。greatly非常；finally最终；suddenly突然地；actually实际上。根据“After they talked about it for five hours”可知，经过五小时讨论，应是最终同意了我的计划，故选B。 18. When you cook this dish, you can ________ it to make sure it has enough salt. A. taste B. feel C. hear D. smell 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你做这道菜的时候，你可以品尝一下，以确保它有足够的盐。 考查动词辨析。taste品尝；feel感觉；hear听见；smell闻到。根据“to make sure it has enough salt”可知，应该是尝一下菜，以确保它有足够的盐。故选A。 19. The porridge ________ great. Could you give me more? A. sounds B. remains C. tastes D. feels 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这粥尝起来很棒。能再给我一些吗？ 考查感官动词辨析。sounds听起来；remains保持；tastes尝起来；feels摸起来。根据“The porridge...great. Could you give me more?”可知，此处指粥尝起来不错，想要再添一点。故选C。 20. The teacher always wears a smile on his face, and he ________ friendly to everyone. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. smells 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师总是面带微笑，而且他对每个人似乎都很友好。 考查动词辨析。feels感觉，侧重主观感受；sounds听起来；seems似乎/看起来；smells闻起来。根据“The teacher always wears a smile on his face, and he...friendly to everyone.”可知，此处是通过外在表现描述老师给人的客观印象，表示“看起来对每个人都很友好”，故选C。 21. ________ is perfect, but we can work hard to be a better person. A. Anybody B. Everybody C. Everyone D. Nobody 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有人是完美的，但我们可以努力成为更好的人。 考查代词辨析。Anybody任何人；Everybody每个人；Everyone每个人；Nobody没有人。根据“is perfect, but we can work hard to be a better person.”可知，but前后为转折关系，故应是没有人是完美的。故选D。 22. John tries his best to run ________ than before in the race. A. quick B. more quick C. quickly D. more quickly 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在比赛中，约翰尽力跑得比以前快。 考查比较级。quick快的；quickly快地；more quickly更快地。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式；分析句子结构可知，此处用副词quickly，修饰动词run。故选D。 23. I am proud of our Chinese ________. It is very rich and colourful. A. energy B. spirit C. habit D. culture 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我为中国文化感到骄傲，它是丰富且多彩的。 考查名词辨析。energy能量；spirit精神；habit习惯；culture文化。根据“It is very rich and colourful”可知，丰富性和多样性应是介绍文化的性质。故选D。 24. Mr. Dancer can go _________ without Charlie because it is his eyes. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：Dancer先生没有Charlie哪儿也去不了，因为Charlie是他的眼睛。 考查副词辨析。somewhere某个地方，用于肯定句或疑问句；anywhere任何地方，多用于疑问句或否定句；everywhere所有地方，表示泛指全部范围；nowhere无处，直接表示否定含义。根据句中“without Charlie because it is his eyes.”可知，此处强调“没有Charlie就哪儿也去不了”，需用否定含义的nowhere，故选D。 25. ________ Jack ________ I am busy these days, so we’ve decided not to go out this weekend. A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. Either; or 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：不仅杰克而且我这些天也很忙，所以我们决定这个周末不出去了。 考查并列连词的用法及主谓一致中的就近原则。Neither... nor既不……也不……；Not only... but also不仅……而且……；Both... and两者都……；Either... or要么……要么……。“Neither... nor...”、“Not only... but also...”和“Either... or...”连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，即就近原则；“Both... and...” 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。根据句意及谓语动词“am”，“Not only... but also...”符合“两人都忙所以不出去”的语境。故选B。 三、选词填空 Complete the following two passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）： A. absorb B. carbon dioxide C. habitat D. extinction E. recycle Forests are often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they play a vital role in regulating our planet’s climate. Every day, trees ____26____ massive amounts of ____27____ through photosynthesis, converting it into oxygen that humans and animals depend on. Beyond this critical function, forests serve as a ____28____ for over 80% of terrestrial biodiversity, including endangered species like the orangutan and Bengal tiger. Yet despite their importance, deforestation continues at an alarming rate—approximately 10 million hectares of forest are lost annually. When trees are cut down, not only do these species lose their homes, but they also face the risk of ____29____. A. sustainable B. erosion C. groundwater D. balance E. human activity The ecological consequences of deforestation extend far beyond wildlife. Forests act as natural barriers against soil ____30____ and help maintain ____31____ tables, ensuring clean water supplies for communities. They also stabilize local climates by regulating temperature and rainfall patterns. However, ____32____ such as logging and agriculture threatens this delicate ____33____. Once destroyed, restoring a forest ecosystem can take centuries. 【答案】26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. E 33. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍森林对生态意义重大，砍伐森林危害多、难恢复。 【26题详解】 句意：每天，树木通过光合作用吸收大量的二氧化碳，将其转化为人类和动物赖以生存的氧气。从生态知识和句子逻辑看，树木进行光合作用时，需要“吸收”物质。“absorb”作为动词，有“吸收（液体、气体等）”的含义，契合“trees”借助光合作用吸收东西的语境。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：每天，树木通过光合作用吸收大量的二氧化碳，将其转化为人类和动物赖以生存的氧气。依据光合作用的原理，树木吸收二氧化碳，并将其转化为氧气。“carbon dioxide”就是“二氧化碳”的专业表达，是光合作用中树木吸收的典型物质。故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：除了这一关键功能外，森林是超过80%的陆地生物多样性的栖息地，其中包括如红毛猩猩和孟加拉虎等濒危物种。从生态系统角度，森林是众多生物生存的“栖息地”，“serve as a habitat for...”是常用表达，意为“作为……的栖息地”，符合森林为超80%陆地生物多样性提供生存场所的语境。故选C。 【29题详解】 句意：当树木被砍伐时，这些物种不仅会失去它们的家园，还会面临灭绝的风险。当树木被砍伐，物种失去家园，面临的就是“灭绝”风险。“extinction”表示“（物种的）灭绝；消亡”，与“lose their homes”后物种的生存危机相呼应。故选D。 【30题详解】 句意：森林是抵御土壤侵蚀的天然屏障，有助于维持地下水位，确保社区获得清洁的供水。森林在生态里有防止“土壤侵蚀”的作用，“erosion”指“侵蚀；腐蚀”，“soil erosion”是固定的生态学术语，说明森林作为天然屏障抵御土壤被侵蚀的功能。故选B。 【31题详解】 句意：森林是抵御土壤侵蚀的天然屏障，有助于维持地下水位，确保社区获得清洁的供水。森林对维持“地下水位”有帮助，“groundwater”是“地下水”，森林能涵养水源，保障社区的清洁水供应，体现森林在水文方面的生态意义。故选C。 【32题详解】 句意：然而，诸如伐木和农业之类的人类活动威胁着这种微妙的平衡。“logging”和“agriculture”都属于“human activity”，“human activity”概括了人类对森林产生影响的行为类别。故选E。 【33题详解】 句意：然而，诸如伐木和农业之类的人类活动威胁着这种微妙的平衡。森林生态系统是一种微妙的“平衡”状态，人类活动会威胁这种平衡，“delicate balance”表示“微妙的平衡”，符合生态系统易受人类活动破坏的语境。故选D。 四、用词的适当形式填空 34. Two ________ of the Grade Eight students entered for the sports meeting. (five) 【答案】fifths 【解析】 【详解】句意：八年级的学生中有五分之二参加了运动会。根据“Two ... of the Grade Eight students entered for the sports meeting.”以及英文提示可知，此处需要表达分数“五分之二”。英语中分数的表达方式为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式。因此，“五分之二”应写作“two fifths”。故填fifths。 35. I’m truly ________ for all the support my friends have given me. (thank) 【答案】thankful 【解析】 【详解】句意：我真的很感谢我的朋友们给我的所有支持。be thankful for“感谢……”，是固定搭配。故填thankful。 36. If you want to use the computer lab, you must fill in an ________ first. (apply) 【答案】application 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你想使用计算机实验室，你必须先填写一张申请表。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词形式，作宾语，apply的名词形式为application“申请表”，根据空前的“an”可知，此处用单数形式。故填application。 37. The tall man had to ________ his head to get through the door. (low) 【答案】lower 【解析】 【详解】句意：那个高个子男人不得不低下头才能进门。had to do sth.“不得不做某事”，此处用动词原形，lower“降低”符合。故填lower。 38. Kevin gained ________ and found the courage to try again. (confident) 【答案】confidence 【解析】 【详解】句意：凯文获得了信心，并有勇气再次尝试。gained是及物动词，后需接名词作宾语。confident是形容词，意为“自信的”，其名词形式是confidence。故填confidence。 39. One of the giraffes ______ (be) sleeping. 【答案】is 【解析】 【详解】句意：其中一只长颈鹿正在睡觉。“one of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用三单形式，此处描述现在正在进行的动作，时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用is。故填is。 40. There are lots of people there who ________ help you. (actual) 【答案】actually 【解析】 【详解】句意：那里有很多人实际上会帮助你。空处修饰动词“help”，填副词作状语。actual“真实的”，形容词，副词为actually“实际上”。故填actually。 五、按要求改写下列句子 41. My birthday is on October tenth. (对划线部分进行提问) ________ ________ your birthday? 【答案】 ①. When ②. is 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的生日是十月十日。划线部分“on October tenth”是时间，对时间提问要用when“何时”，句中含有be动词is，变为疑问句时将is放到主语前。故填When；is。 42. The final project satisfied Maggie greatly. (对画线部分提问) _________ ________ the final project satisfy Maggie? 【答案】 ①. How ②. did 【解析】 【详解】句意：最终的项目让玛吉非常满意。划线部分“greatly”是一个程度副词，修饰动词satisfied，应用疑问词how进行提问，位于句首，首字母要大写；又根据原句中“satisfied”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，应借助助动词did，置于主语“the final project”前，其后接动词原形satisfy。故填How；did。 43. Jack sells clothes the most cheaply of all. (保持句意基本不变) Jack sells clothes ________ ________ than the others. 【答案】 ①. more ②. cheaply 【解析】 【详解】句意：杰克卖的衣服是所有人中最便宜的。结合句意，这句话可以表示为“杰克的衣服卖得比其他人便宜”，此处修饰动词sells，用副词cheaply的比较级more cheaply。故填more；cheaply。 44. We should review our notes before the exam. (改为否定句) We ________ ________ our notes before the exam. 【答案】 ①. shouldn’t ②. review 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该在考试前复习笔记。我们不应该在考试前复习笔记。根据分析原句可知，该句谓语为should review，变否定句，只需要在should后加not即可，缩写为shouldn’t，后跟动词原形review，作否定句的谓语。故填shouldn’t；review。 45. She likes listening to music. (改为否定句) She ________ ________ listening to music. 【答案】 ①. doesn’t ②. like 【解析】 【详解】句意：她喜欢听音乐。题干是含有行为动词的陈述句，变否定句需要借助助动词，由动词“likes”可知否定时需借助助动词doesn’t，其后加动词原形。故填doesn’t；like。 六、阅读理解 Marie Curie born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867, was a pioneering physicist and chemist who made groundbreaking contributions to the study of radioactivity. Despite facing significant obstacles as a woman in a male-dominated field, she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911. Curie’s early life was marked by hardship. Her family, once part of the educated middle class, fell into financial ruin due to political turmoil in Poland. Determined to pursue higher education, she moved to Paris in 1891 to study at the Sorbonne, where she excelled academically. In 1895, she married Pierre Curie, a French physicist, and the couple began collaborating on research into radioactive materials. Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium, from pitchblende, a uranium-rich mineral. This work earned them the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Henri Becquerel, who first discovered radioactivity. Tragically, Pierre died in a street accident in 1906, leaving Marie to continue their research alone. Despite personal grief, Curie persisted. In 1911, she won her second Nobel Prize. this time in Chemistry, for her work on radium and polonium. She became the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne and later established the Radium Institute in Paris to further study radioactive elements. During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as “petites Curies”, to help treat wounded soldiers. Curie’s dedication to science came at a personal cost. Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934. However, her legacy endures. She inspired generations of scientists and laid the foundation for modern research into nuclear energy and cancer treatment. 46. What was Marie Curie’s birth name? A. Maria Sklodowska. B. Maria Pierre. C. Maria Becquerel. D. Maria Radium. 47. In which two scientific fields did Marie Curie win Nobel Prizes? A. Physics and Biology. B. Chemistry and Medicine. C. Physics and Chemistry. D. Biology and Medicine. 48. Why did Marie Curie name one of the elements she discovered “polonium”? A. To honor her husband. B. To honor her homeland. C. To honor her mentor. D. To honor her colleague. 49. What was the primary cause of Marie Curie’s death? A. A street accident. B. Aplastic anemia from radiation exposure. C Cancer from overwork. D. Heart disease. 50. What was one of Marie Curie’s contributions during World War I? A. Developing mobile X-ray units. B. Inventing the first nuclear reactor. C. Creating a vaccine for soldiers. D. Leading medical research teams. 【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了玛丽·居里的生平与成就。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Marie Curie, born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, in 1867”可知，她的本名是Maria Sklodowska。故选A。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据“she became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific disciplines—Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911”可知，她在物理学和化学领域分别获奖。故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Their most famous discovery was the isolation of two new elements, polonium (named after Marie’s homeland) and radium”可知，“钋”是以她的祖国（波兰）命名的，以表达对祖国的敬意。故选B。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Prolonged exposure to radioactive materials eventually led to her death from aplastic anemia in 1934”可知，长期接触放射性物质导致的再生障碍性贫血是她的主要死因。故选B。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据“During World War I, she developed mobile X-ray units, known as ‘petites Curies’, to help treat wounded soldiers”可知，她在一战期间研发了移动X光设备，用于救治伤员。故选A。 七、完型填空 Today was quite a busy day at school. It all started during lunch when I got into an argument with my classmate Jack. We were both really excited about our upcoming group project and had some strong opinions about how to do it. Jack suggested we should focus on making a model, while I thought a presentation would be ____51____. Our disagreement quickly ____52____ into a heated exchange of words. As the argument grew louder, other classmates started to gather around, which only made things worse. I could feel my face turning red with anger and I said some things I didn’t really mean. Jack looked equally upset and the anger between us was obvious. It wasn’t long before the bell rang. We went back to our seat ____53____ fixing anything and I spent the next few classes feeling awful. During the last period, I couldn’t concentrate on the lesson. All I could think about was the argument and how it might ____54____ our project and our friendship. I knew I had to make things right. After school, I went to Jack as he was packing up his things. I took a deep breath and apologized for my harsh words. Jack looked surprised but relieved. He admitted that he had also been too stubborn and apologized as well. We sat down and talked things ____55____. It turned out we both had good points and could combine our ideas for the project. By the end of our conversation, the anger had completely disappeared. We even laughed about how silly the whole argument had been. I’m really glad we were able to fix things quickly. It taught me the importance of communication and the power of a sincere ____56____. I feel much better now and am looking forward to working on the project with Jack. 51. A. worse B. bigger C. higher D. better 52. A. stayed B. turned C. finished D. began 53. A. within B. beyond C. without D. inside 54. A. create B. ignore C. divide D. affect 55. A. calmly B. harshly C. strongly D. angrily 56. A. promise B. apology C. plan D. decision 【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者和同学因项目意见争执后和解，并从这件事学到了沟通的重要性。 【51题详解】 句意：杰克建议我们应该专注于做一个模型，而我认为做一个展示会更好。 worse更差；bigger更大；higher更高；better更好。根据“Jack suggested we should focus on making a model, while I thought a presentation would be”可知，此处是两个人有不同的意见，应该说作者认为做一个展示会更好。故选D。 【52题详解】 句意：我们的分歧很快变成了激烈的口角。 stayed保持；turned变成；finished完成；began开始。根据“Our disagreement quickly…into a heated exchange of words.”可知，此处指的是分歧很快变成了激烈的口角，turn into“变成”。故选B。 【53题详解】 句意：我们回到座位上，没有解决任何问题，接下来的几节课我都感到非常糟糕。 within在……之内；beyond超越；without没有；inside内部。根据“fixing anything and I spent the next few classes feeling awful.”可知，后文提到了感到糟糕，应该说没有解决问题，without符合语境，故选C。 【54题详解】 句意：我满脑子想的都是这场争吵，以及它可能对我们的项目和友谊造成的影响。 create创造；ignore忽视；divide分开；affect影响。根据“our project and our friendship”可知，此处指的是争吵会影响项目和友谊。故选D。 【55题详解】 句意：我们坐下来平静地谈着事情。 calmly平静地；harshly严厉地；strongly强烈地；angrily生气地。根据“We sat down and talked things”以及后文的“By the end of our conversation, the anger had completely disappeared.”可知，此处指的平静地谈着事情。故选A。 【56题详解】 句意：这件事教会了我沟通的重要性和真诚道歉的力量。 promise承诺；apology道歉；plan计划；decision决定。根据前文“I took a deep breath and apologized for my harsh words.”以及“He admitted that he had also been too stubborn and apologized as well.”可知，双方互相道歉，此处强调“真诚的道歉”的重要性。故选B。 八、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Whales are the biggest animals in the world. They are quiet and friendly. They live happily in the sea. But some countries kill whales. Japan is one of them. Japan is a small country. Many people go fishing in Japan. Some schools even cook whale meat for students. Whales are important to the sea. They swim up and down. They bring up things for other sea animals and plants to eat. Many animals and plants live on them. When whales die (死亡), small animals can eat them for about one hundred years. But now, whales are in great danger because they don’t have much food to eat, many whales die. Another reason is that whales are killed by people. Many people kill whales for money. Fishermen from Japan, Norway and other countries kill whales. Every year, they kill around 1,500 large whales. Some whales like blue whales have died out because of killing. At the same time, they are in great danger. How can we help them? 57. Are whales quiet and friendly? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How long can small animals eat the whales when they die? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 59. Why are many whales in great danger around the world? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 60. How can we save whales? Give at least (至少) two pieces of advice. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】57. Yes./Yes, they are. 58. For about 100 years. 59. Because they don’t have much food to eat and they are killed by people. 60. ①. Don’t kill whales. ②. Save the other animals in the sea to make enough food for the whales. (言之有理即可得分) 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了鲸鱼是世界上最大的动物，它们安静友好，对海洋很重要，但如今却面临着诸多危险，如食物短缺以及遭到人类捕杀等情况。 57题详解】 根据“Whales are the biggest animals in the world. They are quiet and friendly.”可知，鲸鱼是安静且友好的，应作肯定回答，故填Yes./Yes, they are. 【58题详解】 根据“When whales die, small animals can eat them for about one hundred years.”可知，当鲸鱼死亡时，小动物们可以吃鲸鱼大约一百年，故填For about 100 years. 【59题详解】 根据“But now, whales are in great danger because they don’t have much food to eat, many whales die. Another reason is that whales are killed by people.”可知，很多鲸鱼处于极大危险之中的原因是它们没有足够的食物可吃并且它们被人类捕杀，故填Because they don’t have much food to eat and they are killed by people. 【60题详解】 开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据文章中鲸鱼面临的危险，如被人类捕杀以及食物不足等情况，我们可以提出相应的建议来拯救鲸鱼。故填①Don’t kill whales. ②Save the other animals in the sea to make enough food for the whales. 九、书面表达 61. 请以“诚信”为题写一篇至少60词的短文 【答案】范文： Honesty Honesty is a very important value in our daily life. Being honest means telling the truth and keeping promises. When we are honest, people trust us more. For example, if you borrowed a book from your friend and promised to return it by Monday, you should keep your promise. If you don’t, your friend might not trust you next time. Honesty helps build strong relationships with others. It also makes us feel good about ourselves because we know we did the right thing. So, always remember to be honest in what you say and do! 【解析】 【详解】【总体分析】 ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：围绕“诚信”内涵、重要性等方面展开，清晰呈现诚信在日常人际交往等场景的作用，注意大小写以及标点符号。 【写作步骤】 第一步，开篇点题，指出诚信是日常生活中非常重要的一种价值观，引出话题。 第二步，阐释诚信的含义，并结合举例说明诚信能让他人更信任自己，以及不诚信的不良影响，还阐述诚信对建立良好关系、自我感受方面的积极作用。 第三步，总结呼吁，强调要在言行中秉持诚信。 【亮点词汇】 ①value价值观 ②tell the truth讲真话 ③keep promises遵守承诺 ④build strong relationships建立牢固关系 【高分句型】 If you borrowed a book from your friend and promised to return it by Monday, you should keep your promise. (条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $