高考预测练(15、16)阅读理解之推理判断题、阅读理解之猜测词义-【名师大课堂】2026年高考英语艺术生总复习必备(课时作业)

高考预测练(十五) 阅读理解之推理判断题 考点1 阅读理解之推理判断———引申推断 A Indeed,the transformation of the conceptoftheanimalinmodernbehavioural biologyhasbeenfundamental.Thishasbeen confirmedbythedeathofathirdbelief:for decades,itwastaughtthatanimalsbehave forthegoodoftheirspecies.Todayweknow thisis notthecase.Rather,animals do everythingtoensurethatcopiesoftheirown genesarepassedtothenextgenerationwith maximum efficiencyand,when necessary, theywilalsokilconspecifics.Clearly,they arenot,asJaneGoodalhadoncefamously hoped,‘likeus,butbetter’. 1.Itcanbeinferredthatanimals􀆳behavioural actionsaremainlydrivenby . A.theirdesiretoprotecttheirspecies. B.theirabilitytorecognizethemselvesin mirrors. C.their urge to guarantee the gene transmission. D.theireagernesstobesocialyinteracted. B BehindtheMask WearingthefaceofPatih Manis,a characterinBali􀆳sdancedramas,meansmore thansimplyputtingonatapel,ormask. “Whenyoudancewithatapelandperform itscharacter,youundergoatransformation,”says IMadeBandem,ascholarandteacherof Balinesearts-andadancerforsevendecades. “Youmust‘marry’thatmaskandmakeritual (仪 式)offeringstocreateunitybetween yourselfandthetapel.Manydancers wil sleepwiththemaskbesidethem,sothatthey canlearnitstruecharacter.” 2.Whatcanwelearnabouttapelfromthe firsttwoparagraphs? A.Tapelreferstoacharacter􀆳sname. B.Tapelissupposedtobewiththedancers alalong. C.Tapelbuildsabridgebetweenthedancer andthetruecharacter. D.Tapel experiences dramatic changes whenwornbyadancer. C ThePAL-V Libertyisarevolutionary vehiclethatcantravelonbothlandandair.It istheworld􀆳sfirstcommercialflyingcar,and itisnowavailableforpre-order.ThePAL-V LibertyisdevelopedbyaDutchcompanycaled PAL-VInternationalB.V.,whichstandsfor PersonalAirandLandVehicle.Thecompany hasbeenworkingontheprojectsince2001, and hassuccessfulytestedthe prototype in2012. The PAL-V Libertyis a two-seater hybridcarandgyroplane,whichmeansithas athree-wheeledchassisandafoldablerotor ontop.Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmode andflyingmodeinabout10minutes,withthe helpofasemi-automaticsystem.Ithasatop speedof160km/hontheroadand180km/h intheair,andcanflyupto500kmona singletankoffuel.Itusesregulargasoline, andcanberefueledatanygasstation. ThePAL-V Libertyisexpectedtobe delivered to customers in 2023, alter obtainingthenecessarycertificationsfrom aviationauthorities.Thecompanyclaimsthat thevehiclemeetstheexistingregulationsof bothcarsandaircrafts,andthatitissafeand easytooperate.However,thePAL-VLiberty isnotacheapvehicle,norisitaccessibleto 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —891— 高考预测练 everyone.Itcosts599,000euros(about4.7 milionyuan)forthePioneerEdition,which includes flight training courses, power heatingandpersonalizationoptions.Thereis alsoacheaperSportEdition,whichcosts 299,000euros(about2.3milionyuan),but ithaslessfeaturesandrequiresthebuyerto payanadditional10,000euros(about78,000 yuan)forflighttraining. TodrivethePAL-VLiberty,oneneeds bothadrivinglicenseandapilotlicense.The vehiclealsorequiresarunwayorairstripto takeoffandland,asitcannotdosoverticaly likeahelicopter.Thecompanysaysithas received70ordersforthevehiclesofar, mostlyfromcustomersinEuropeandNorth America.ThePAL-VLibertyisagroundbreaking innovationthatcouldchangethefutureof transportation, but it also faces many chalengesandlimitations. 3.What can weinfer about from the passage? A.ThePAL-VLibertyhasbeenusedin ourdailylife. B.Ifyouhaveapilotlicense,youcandrive thePAL-VLiberty. C.Itcanswitchbetweendrivingandflying modeinashorttime D.TheSportEditionismoreattractive featuresthanthePioneerEdition. D Asandstoneslab(石板)andotherstone toolsunearthedinVietnamgiveinsightinto howcurry(咖喱)wasmadeandrevealthat currywaseatenintheregionatleast2,000 yearsago. Thesandstoneslab,buried2 meters belowthesurface,wasdugupin2018atOc EoinsouthernVietnam.Thesitewasoncean overseas trading center of an ancient SoutheastAsiankingdomknownasFunan, accordingtoanewstudy. “Preparingcurryinvolvesnotonlya diverserangeofseasoningbutalsotheuseof grinding(研磨)tools,considerabletime,and humaneffort,”saidstudyauthorDr.Hsiao chun Hung.“Remarkably,evenindividuals residingoutsideofIndianearly2,000years agoexpressedastrongdesiretoenjoythe flavorsofcurry,asevidencedbytheircareful preparations.” Hungandateamofresearchersanalyzed microscopicremainsknownasstarchgrains— tinystructuresfoundwithinplantcelsthat canbepreservedoverlongperiods—thatthey foundonthegrindingtools. “Nowadays,preparingcurryinVietnam hasbecomemuchsimplerformostfamilies duetothewidespreadavailabilityofbagged curry in supermarkets.However,it is interestingtonotethatthecurryrecipeused todayhasnotvariedsignificantlyfromthe ancienttimes,”said study co-author Dr. KhanhTrung Kien Nguyen.Nguyenadded thattheteamplannedtorecreatethe2,000- year-old curry based on the microscopic remainsfoundatthesite. PeoplewerelikelyenjoyingcurryinIndia about4,000yearsago.Someofthecomponents recoveredatOcEoaresimilartothosefound inIndiancurries,whileothercomponentsare moredistinctivelySoutheastAsian.Thenew studyconcludedthatcurryrecipesarrivedin SoutheastAsiawithSouthAsiantradersas contactbetweentheregionsincreasedduring theearlycenturiesofthefirstmilennium. 4.WhatdidDr.Hsiao-chun Hungthinkof preparingcurryinthepast? A.Itwasacomplexprocess. B.Itdifferedfromoneanother. C.Itdemandedlittleeffort. D.Itwasenvironment-friendly. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —991— 班级: 姓名: 5.Whatcanweinferabouttheancientcurry recipes? A.Theyrestrictedregionaltrade. B.TheyweremainlyconsumedinVietnam. C.Theylinkedvariouscultures. D.They werefirstfavoredbySoutheast Asians. 考点2 阅读理解之推理判断———观点态度 A Ein-Elisaiddisposablemasks,inhigh demandglobaly duringthe health crisis, were noteconomicaly or environmentaly friendly.“Youhavetomakeitreusableand friendly,andthisisoursolution,”hesaid. 1.What􀆳stheattitudeofEin-Elitothenew typeoffacemask? A.supportive B.negative C.doubtful D.indifferent B When Ifirst heard about Summit Learning,IadmittedIwasnotabithappy andexcitedatal.Ithoughtitwouldrequire interactions withothers.Butlater,I was astonished when I got to experience it firsthand. Recently,wedidapoetryproject,and oneoftheactivities wasapeer (同 伴) review.Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwas up to me, as I preferred to work independently.ButwhenIgotinvolved,I foundintheexperience,Ihaddonesomething thatIthoughtwasnearlyimpossible — it mademypoetrybetter.Mypartnerinformed meofmymistakesandtoldmewhereIcould givemoredetail. Oneofourfinalproductsoftheproject wastopresentourpoetrytotheclass.I􀆳ve alwayslovedpublicspeakingbutIthought withSummitLearning,Iwouldhavefewer chancestospeak.I was wrong.Thepeer activitieswedidwithapartnergavememore beliefinmyabilityandinspiredmetodomore tomakemypresentationthebestitcould possiblybe. InteractionslikethesearewhatSummit Learningisalabout.Thisstyleoflearning bringsapositiveandhard-workingculture thatalowsustopushourboundariesand keepgoingItcreatesasenseofcommunity sinceweareal workingtowardsasimilar goal. Asanactiveboy,Ihavealwaysbeenahead andadvanced,butinanormalclassroom,there arerestrictionsonwhatIcando.WithSummit Learning,Ican go beyond expectationsin projects or move aheadin learning new contentwhenI􀆳mready.Ihaveownershipof myworkandpursuemygoals. SummitLearninghasshowed mehow muchpeoplecangrow andchange.Ithas helpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.It hasbeenoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmy life,andIcannotseemyselfgoingbacktoa normalclassroom. 2.Whatwastheauthor􀆳sinitialresponseto SummitLearning? A.Hewasastonishedtohearaboutit. B.Hewasabitexcitedaboutit. C.Hewasunwilingtoattendit. D.Hewascuriousabouthowitworked. 3.Howdidtheauthorbenefitfromthepoetry project? A.Itremindedhimtobeindependent. B.Itimprovedhispoemandconfidence.. C.Itraisedhimasenseofresponsibility. D.Italowedhimtodeliverapublicspeech. 4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSummitLearning? A.Ithasrestrictionsonwhatonecando. B.Itshowsboundariesofone􀆳sabilities. C.Itteachespoetryinanormalclassroom. D.Ittransformsthetraditionalwayoflearning. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —002— 高考预测练 5.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofSummit Learningnow? A.Inspiring. B.Enjoyable. C.Chalenging. D.Conservative. C Stategovernmentsarewelaccustomed tomanagingforests,buttraditionalythey􀆳ve focused on wildlife and opportunitiesfor recreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometo seethevitalpartforestswilhavetoplayin storingcarbon.California􀆳splan,whichis expectedtobefinalizedbythegovernornext year,shouldserveasamodel. 6.Whatistheauthor􀆳sattitudetowards California􀆳sForestCarbonPlan? A.Worried. B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable. 考点3 阅读理解之推理判断———目的和意图 A Althoughthereismuchmoretolearn, oceanographers have already made some amazingdiscoveries.Forexample,weknow thattheoceancontainstowering mountain rangesanddeepvaleys,justlikethoseon land.Thepeakoftheworld􀆳stalestmountain— MountQomolangmaintheHimalaya,measuring 8848.86metershigh-wouldnotevenbreak thesurfaceofthewaterifitwasplacedinthe PacificOcean􀆳sMarianaTrenchorPhilippine Trench,twoofthedeepestpartsofthe ocean.Ontheotherhand,theAtlanticOcean isrelativelyshalowbecauselargepartsofits seaflooraremadeupofcontinentalshelves— partsofthecontinentsthatextendfaroutinto theocean.Theaveragedepthoftheentire oceanis3,720meters. 1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusin paragraph2? A.Reasonswhyoceanfloorsarerough. B.Significanceoftheoceanfloortoanimals. C.Theheightsofdiferentmountainranges. D.Someoceanknowledgefromoceanographers. B IliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,on thehistoricTeaHorseRoad.Ihavetoadmit thatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwas goingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwo feet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn􀆳timagine thattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonin theworld. LastMay,ImetPaul.Hetoldmethatit washisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtome with greatexcitementaboutthe history, migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionof China.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(the SouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th- centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanistJoseph Rock.He also talkedofXuanzang.Paulconsideredmanyof themheroesandinasenseChinesepioneers ofslowjournalism. IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalk towardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,we setout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat, sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,set offinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset, draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep. Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Some werecurious,surroundingusandwatching us;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedus intotheirhometotakearest;somespokeof thecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmany beautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls. Wewerewalkingwithourminds. Together,we wereimpressed bythe biodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsI walkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,I seemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpast travelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad. Lookingbackonthemorethan200miles IwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization. Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyand admirable,isonlyasmalpartofthebenefit 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —102— 班级: 姓名: ofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardis rediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shortening thedistancebetweeneachother,andsharing eachother􀆳scultures. 2.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul􀆳s travelplan? A.Puzzled. B.Scared. C.Surprised. D.Disappointed. 3.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfrom paragraph2? A.HehadaknowledgeofChina. B.Hewasawesternjournalist. C.HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D.HewasJosephRock􀆳sacquaintance. 4.Whatdoesparagraph4telusaboutthe writerandPaul? A.Theybuiltbondswithpeople. B.Theysatisfiedthelocals􀆳curiosity. C.Theysetoffinhighspirits. D.Theyhonoredtheancestors. 5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter􀆳s writingthetext? A.Tosuggestanewwayoftravel. B.Toshareandreflectonajourney. C.Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D.TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture. 考点4 阅读理解之推理判断———描述人或事 件的特征 A PhebeCoxgrewupinwhatmightseem anunlikelymentalhealthdangerzonefora kid:tonyPaloAlto,California.Butbehindits surfaceoffamilysuccessand wealth,she said,isanenvironmentofheavypressureon studentstoperform.By2016,whenCoxwas inmiddleschool,PaloAltohadateensuicide (自杀)ratefourtimesthenationalaverage. Cox􀆳sfamilylivedbytherailroadtracks wheremanyofthesuicidesoccurred.Shegot counseling (咨 询).Butthatchoiceisnot alwayseasilyavailabletoteensincrisis-and sheandherpeersregardedschoolmental healthservicesastheirlastchoicebecauseof concernsaboutprivacy. Anewprogramprovidesanalternative. Caled Alcove,itoffersunattachedhealth andwelnesssitestothoseages12to25. AlthoughAlcoveisbuilttosupportawide rangeofphysical,emotionalandsocialneeds, itsmaingoalistodealwithmentalhealth chalengesbeforetheydevelopintodeeper problems.Coxsaid,“Ifeltprettyhelplessasa youngteenager,butAlcoveisalaboutthe studentsandthestudents􀆳needs.” Abouthalfofallifetimementalilness beginsbyage14and75% beforeage25, accordingtoresearchers.Yetaccesstomental healthcareintheU.S.islacking.According totheNationalAlianceon MentalIlness, some30milionadultsandchildrenwithmental healthconditionsgowithouttreatment,and129 milionpeopleliveinareaswithshortagesof mentalhealthprofessionals. Alcoveprovidesfulystaffedsafespaces forteensandyoungadultstodiscussanddeal withtheirhealth,bothmentalandphysical. Dr.Steven Adelsheim,apsychiatrist,who createdtheAlcovein2014,said,“Thereisa cryingneedintheU.S.toreachkidswith earlyinterventionandhelp.”Sometimesakid maycomeinwithaphysicalcomplaint,and onlyafterafewvisitsisthementalsufering broughtoutintotheopen.Whenthathappens, Alcovecanmakea“warmhandof”toamental healthspecialistonsite.Success,sayAdelsheim and Cox,would meantheestablishmentof hundredsofAlcovecentersupanddownthe stateand,eventualy,aroundthecountry. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —202— 高考预测练 1.Whichofthefolowingbestdescribesthe impactoftheprogram? A.Predictable. B.Short-lived. C.Unidentifiable. D.Significant. B Asathletesgetstrongerandfaster,the paceofplaycontinuestoincrease.Theburden ofmakingsuregamesareplayedaccordingto therulesandthattheofficiating (裁判)is accurateisnow beingtakenoutofhuman handsandfalingmoreandmoreintothelap oftechnology.It􀆳scaledthevideoreplay. The National Footbal League is expandingitsreplaysystemthisupcoming seasontoincludepassinterference(传球干 扰).MajorLeagueBasebalnowreliesonit forsafe-or-outandhomeruncals.Ifyou􀆳ve beenwatchingtheFIFAWorldCup,youmay havenoticedthattheVideoAssistantReferee (VAR)playedakeyroleinalmostevery game.AndintheKentuckyDerby,ahorse wasdisqualifiedforknockinganotherhorse.No oneknewwhyuntilavideoreplayconfirmedthe calandcontroversywasavoided. However, many purists—those who wantpeopletofolowrulescarefulyanddo thingsinthetraditionalway—especialyin soccer,argueit􀆳snotthewaythegamewas invented,andthatthevideoreplayistainting thesport.Butdon􀆳tyou wanttoseethe properapplicationoftherulesthroughoutthe games?IknowIdo.Yes,itcanslowthe gamedown,butIfeelitis worthit.If technologicaladvancementsalowfanswatching fromhometospotmistakesinstantly,thosesame viewsneedtobeavailabletotheofficiating crews.Anotherexampleoccurredinthemost recentNationalFootbal Conference(NFC) ChampionshipGamebetweentheLosAngeles Ramsandthe New OrleansSaints.When obviouspassinterferencewascommittedby theLosAngelesRamsplayerNickelRobey- Coleman,withjust109secondstoplay,no flagwasraisedonthefield.Itweakenedthe NewOrleansSaintsspirits.TheLosAngeles Ramswona26-23overtimevictory.Theno- cal deeplyangeredthepublic.Thevideo replayshowedtherefereeshadjustmissed oneofthemostapparentpassinterference cals. Therearenoeasyanswersregarding replaytechnologyandwhetheritisacurse (魔咒).Butforme,keepingtheofficiating honestandontaskistherightstepinlimiting controversy. 2.Whattrendinsportscanbeobservedin paragraph2? A.Thevideoreplayhasbeenwidelyused. B.Leaguegameshavebecomecompetitive. C.Rulesofprofessionalgamesarebecoming stricter. D.Peopleareshowing moreinterestin sportsthanbefore. 3.WhatmighttheNewOrleansSaintsthink oftherefereesintheNFCChampionship Game? A.Theyreliedalotonthevideoreplay. B.Theycaredtoomuchaboutdetails. C.Theyweredefinitelystressedout. D.Theywereterriblydisqualified. 考点5 阅读理解之推理判断———写作手法 Manybirdspeciesusedifferentalarm cals.Japanesetits,which nestintree holes,haveonecalthatcausestheirbaby birdstogetdowntoavoidbeingpuledout ofthenestbycrows,andanothercalfor treesnakesthatsendsthemjumpingoutof 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —302— 班级: 姓名: thenestentirely.Siberianjaysvarytheir calsdependingon whetheranenemyis seenlookingforfoodoractivelyattacking —andeachcalgetsadifferentresponse fromothernearbybirds. Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2? A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples. C.Byprovidingdefinition. D.Bymakingcomparisons. 考点6 阅读理解之推理判断———文章出处 A Oceantemperatureextremesarenow normal,anewstudyreports.Ithasanalyzed oceansurfacetemperaturesforthepast150 years.Itrevealsthatby2019,57percentofthe ocean􀆳ssurface was warmingtotemperatures rarelyseen100yearsago. Ecologists wantedtolearn how often modernextremeheateventsoccur.Theyalso wantedtosee how longtheylast.Kisei Tanakawasoneofthoseecologists.Henow worksfortheNationalOceanicandAtmospheric Administration (NOAA) in Honolulu, Hawai.Tanaka teamed up with Kyle Van Houtan,whoworksattheLoggerheadMarinelife Center.Thetwoanalyzedmonthlyseasurface temperaturescolectedfrom 1870 through 2019.Thenthey mapped whereand when extremeheateventshadshownup,decadeby decade. Bylookingatmonthlyextremesinstead ofannualaverages,thetwofoundthatover time,moreandmorepatches(区域)ofwater werereachingextremetemperatures.Then, in2014,theentireoceanhitapointofno return,VanHoutansays. Heat waves harm ocean ecosystems. Theycanlead seabirdsto starve...And animals—fromfishandwhalestoturtles— mayhavetoswimlongdistancesinsearchof comfortabletemperatures. InMay2020,NOAAannouncedthatit wasupdatingwhatclimatesitnowconsidered “normal”.Thesevaluesarewhattheagency usestoputdailyweathereventsinahistorical context.Theaveragevaluesfrom1991to2020 arenowhigherthanthosefrom1981to2010, NOAAfound. VanHoutansayshisnewstudyshows extremeocean warmingisnowthenorm. Muchdiscussiononclimatechange,henotes, hasbeenaboutfutureevents,andwhetheror not they might happen.But what the emergingdatamakeclear,hesays,isthat extremeheatbecamecommoninouroceanin 2014.It􀆳sadocumentedhistoricalfact—nota futurepossibility. 1.Whydidtheecologistsconducttheresearch? A.Toprovewhattheyhadforecast. B.Torecognizethevalueofthedata. C.Toupdatereadersonnewfoundspecies. D.Tofindoutthetrendofoceanrecord heat. 2.WhatdoesVanHoutanwanttostressat last? A.People􀆳slifestylewilbegreatlyafected. B.Itisamusttodiscusstheclimatechange. C.Scientistsmustfocusonhistoricalevents. D.Oceanheatextremesarethenewnormal. 3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythis textappear? A.Nature. B.Travel. C.Business. D.History. B Asyoucanimagine,thereare many typesofadvertisementsindifferentmediums, ondifferentchannels,andwithdifferentgoals fortheirbusiness. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —402— 高考预测练 Printadvertising Thefirst print advertisementran in Englandin1472.Sincethen,thistypeof advertisinghasbecomeavailableinnewspapers, magazines,andsimilarmediumsofcarryinga brand􀆳smessagetoitsidealusers.Inthis advertisement method,theadvertiserpays thepublishertoplacetheiradvertisementsin thepublication. Radioadvertising Radioadvertisingdatesbackto1920,when thefirstcommercialradiostationswerelaunched in the United States.In this advertisement medium,theadvertiserpaystheradiostation toplaytheiradvertisementsduringselected breaksbetweenmusicoraradioshow. Televisionadvertising Televisionadvertisingoriginatedinthe 1940swiththepromotionofpracticalitems andpoliticalcampaigns.Inthisadvertisement medium,theadvertiserpaysthelocalornational TVnetworktoshowtheiradvertisementsduring selected breaksin the network􀆳s regular programming. Internetadvertising Internetadvertising took rootin the middleofthe1990s.Inthisadvertisement method,theadvertiserpaysthe website􀆳s owner to place their advertisements in exposedspacesthatareminortothewebsite􀆳s own content.Internetadvertisingincludes video,searchenginemarketing,andmore. However,asyouknow,theadvertising typesabovehavedevelopeddramaticalysince theirrespectiveorigins.Someadvertisements have been memorable years after they firstran. Sohow doyoucreateanadvertising strategythatworksfine?Pleaseclickhereto know moreabouttheadvertisementsand campaignswelearnfrom. 4.Wherewilyouprobablyreadthisarticle? A.Inatextbook. B.Inanewspaper. C.OnaWebsite. D.Inamagazine. C Thebookswrittenandpublishedinthe 1920sremainonthe“bestever”lists.Here are4booksthateveryoneshouldread. TheGreatGatsby Thethemesinthe novelreflectthe suddenchangeinthecharacterofAmerica itself,andinsomewaysit􀆳samongthefirst majormodernnovelsproducedinthiscountry. Thenovelalsomakesanewandpowerful conceptclearatthetime:The American Dream,theideathatself-made men and womencouldmakethemselvesintoanything inthiscountry. AFareweltoArms The story is one of a love affair interruptedanddoggedbyeventsbeyondthe lovers􀆳control,andacentralthemeisthe pointlessstruggleoflife—thatwespendso muchenergyandtimeonthingsthatfinalydon􀆳t matter.Hemingway masterfuly combines a realisticdescriptionofwarwithsomeabstract literarytechniques,whichisonereasonwhy thisbookenduresasaclassic. Ulysses Whenpeople makelistsofthe most difficultnovels,Ulyssesisalmostcertainlyon them.Theonethingalmosteveryoneknows aboutUlyssesisthatitemploys“streamof consciousness”,a literary technique that seekstoshow theinner monologueofa person.JamesJoycewasn􀆳tthefirstwriterto usethistechnique,buthewasthefirstwriter toattemptitonthescaleashedid. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —502— 班级: 姓名: Mrs.Daloway Ittakesplaceonasingledayinthelifeof themaincharacter,anditemploysadense andtrickystream-of-consciousnesstechnique, roaming(漫游)aroundtoothercharactersand pointofview.Mrs.Dalowayisconcernedwith usingthesetechniquestomakethecharacters clearand definite.The use ofstream of consciousnessisdeliberatelydisorientingin thewayitskipsthroughtime. 5.Wherecanthetextbefound? A.Inabiography. B.Inahistorybook. C.Inatravelbrochure. D.Inaliteraturemagazine. 考点7 阅读理解之推理判断———预测文章 走势 A “Helo!”Youtypeintothechatbox. There􀆳saslightfeelingofexcitementflowing throughyourfingers,andyoucan􀆳twaitfora reply.Youthink,“There􀆳sprobablynothing moreexcitingthanthis.” Withcommunicationfromalcornersof theworldpossibleattheeaseofyourfingers, wearenow witnesstoanadvancedformof thehandshakeandphysicalconversations: onlinefriendships. Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety 101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershave receivedupsettingmessages,with92percent postingtheirownrealnamesandidentification onlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn􀆳tcause concern.Andthoughsomeparentsmaybe bitingtheirfingernailsinfearrightnow, morethanhalfoftheyouthhaveadmittedto making their friends online and a good majorityregularlytextthem. Thoughthestatisticsaredaunting,we hope,wehaven􀆳tscaredyouof! Researchers actualyfoundthatpursuingonlinefriendships could bebeneficial.Penn State University reportedthatthiswasespecialythecasefor thosewithsocialanxiety,astheymightform astrongercomfortbond withtheirpeers throughthescreenratherthanaface-to-face meeting. Additionaly, online interaction may increaseyourself-confidence.Inourcurrent situationofisolation,perhapsthatperfect connectionfromthesafetyofourhomesisal ittakesto makethingsjustalittle more bearable. Inthe end,ital depends on you. Whetherornotyoursearchforafriendbears fruitliesinyourapproach,andthoughI􀆳m notagreatrelationshipmaster,Ihavesome tipsthatwilaidyouinyourexplorationfor the“BFF”ofyourdreams. 1.What can we infer from the third paragraph? A.Theyouthoftenmeetonlinefriendsin reality. B.MostInternetusersliketextingtotheir onlinefriends. C.Manyparentslikebitingfingernails whenworried. D.Mostyoungadultslackawarenessof Internetsafety. 2.What􀆳stheauthor􀆳sattitudeto making friendsontheInternet? A.Objective. B.Supportive. C.Negative. D.Unclear. 3.Whatdoyouthinkthetextwiltalkabout next? A.Howtogetonwelwithonlinefriends. B.Howtofindonlinebestfriends. C.How to keepin touch with online friends. D.How to benefitfrom dream online friends. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —602— 高考预测练 B Modernlifeisful ofthingsthatcan influenceyourabilityto besensitiveand responsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextra work,lackofsleep,andthingslikemobile devices.Someexpertsareconcernedaboutthe effects that these things trigger off on emotionalbondingandchildren􀆳slanguage development,socialinteraction,andsafety. Ifparentsareinconsistentlyavailable, kidscangetdistressed(苦恼的)andfeelhurt, rejected,orignored.They mayhave more emotionaloutburstsandfeelalone.Theymay evenstoptryingtocompetefortheirparent􀆳s attention and start to lose emotional connectionstotheirparents. “Therearetimeswhenkidsrealydo need your attention and want your recognition.Parentsneedtocommunicatethat theirkidsarevaluableandimportant,and childrenneedtoknowthatparentscarewhat they􀆳redoing,”explainsCrnic,apsychologist. “Kidsstarttoregulatetheirownemotions andbehavioraroundagethree.Upuntilthen, they depend more on you to helpthem regulatetheiremotions,whethertocalm themorhelpgetthemexcited,”headds. Dr.CarolMetzler,whostudiesparenting attheOregonResearchInstitute,explains, “They􀆳rewatchingyoutoseehowyoudoit andlisteningtohowyoutalktothemabout it.Parentsneedtobegoodself-regulators. You􀆳renotonlytryingtoregulateyourown emotionsinthemoment,buthelpingyour childlearnto managetheiremotionsand behavior.Itcanbetoughtorespondtoyour kidswithsensitivityduringtantrums(精神痛 苦),arguments,orotherchalengingtimes. Ifparentsrespondbybeingbad-temperedor aggressive(攻 击 性 的)themselves,children cancopythatbehavior,andanegativecycle thencontinuestoupgrade.” Askidsbecomebetteratmanagingtheir feelingsandbehavior,it􀆳simportanttohelp them develop coping skils,like active problemsolving.Suchskilscanhelpthem feel confident in handling what comes theirway. 4.Whatwilthewriterprobablytalkabout next? A.Thewaytotrainkidstobeconfident. B.Thewaytotrainkids􀆳abilitiestodeal withmatters. C.Thewaytotrainkidstoself-regulate theiremotions. D.Thewaytotrainkids􀆳abilitiestobe sensitiveandresponsibe. 考点8 阅读理解之推理判断———文章结构 A Sleepisreparative.Becauseweneedto repairalotwhilewesleep,it􀆳simportantto getqualitysleep. Mostofusfunctionbetterinthedaytime withroutines.Wealsofunctionbetteratnight witharoutinebecausewewanttokeeppace withournaturalbodyrhythms.Eachperson􀆳s routinemaybedifferent—somepeoplewash theirfaceatnight,andsometakeabath— justmakesureitisaroutine.That􀆳strue during the week and on the weekend; consistencymatters.Haveawindingdown, gettingreadyforsleeproutine,andcarrythat outatthesametimeeverynight.Findthings thatarerelaxingandhelpslowyoudownfor sleep.That may bereading,listeningto music,meditating,praying—anythingthat􀆳s relaxing while also being constructive or healthy. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —702— 班级: 姓名: Typicaly,peoplerelaxandtendtoslow everythingdownatbedtime.Astheyrelax, theytakedeeperbreaths,increasingoxygen flow,whichraisestheirskintemperature. Thisisoneofthekeyreasonswhywesleep betterinacoolerenvironment.Ifyourskin temperatureincreases and your room is alreadyabitwarm,youwilbetoohotto sleepwel. Theexacttemperatureis a personal matter.Thekeyisthatit􀆳smoretowardcool than hot.Many consider 68 degrees an environmentthat􀆳sneithersocoldweshiver norsohotwesweat.Butthere􀆳snoscientific evidence for an exact, perfect sleeping temperature. Attheendoftheday,sleepisabsolutely crucialforsomanyreasons.Ithelpsusrepair andrejuvenateso wecanfightinfection, concentrate,regulateourmoods,showupfor ourselvesandthepeopleinourlives,and basicalyfunctionashumans.Wecan􀆳tmake uplostsleep,contrarytowhatmanyanight owlmightthink.So,it􀆳srealyhightimewe shoulddoal wecantofosterthebestsleep possible,starting with a coolroom and relaxingbedtimeroutine. 1.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2? A.A routinecan behelpfulin getting qualitysleep. B.It􀆳sbesttoavoidscreensbeforeyougo tobed. C.Higherqualityofsleepleadstobetter mentalhealth. D.Listeningtomusicmakesitdifficultto stayasleep. 2.What􀆳sthestructureofthetext? B Adietrichinfruitandvegetablesand incorporatingadailyglassofwinecanprotect thebrainagainstdementia,astudysuggests. Sticking closely to Mediterranean eating habits,whichalsoincludeplentyofnuts, seafood,wholegrainsandoliveoil,hasbeen linkedtoa23percentlowerriskofdementia. Basedondatagatheredon60,000people viatheUKBiobank,amedicaldatabasesetup in 2006,the researchers scored participants􀆳 dietsforhowcloselytheymatchedtheideal Mediterraneandietontwoscales. Usingone,those whoseeatinghabits werethebestmatchwere23percentless likelytodevelopdementiathanthosewhose dietsleastfitthepattern.Adietwithaperfect scorewouldinvolvemorethanfourtablespoonsof oliveoil,atleasttwoportionsofvegetables andthreeoffruitperdayaswelasaglassof wine.It wouldalsoincludeatleastthree servingsoflegumes,90gramsofnuts,and threeservingsoffishorshelfishaweek.The idealdietwouldalsoinvolveverylittleredor processedmeat,avoidingtoomanysweetened drinks,butter,margarineorcream. Thesecondscaleusedsimilarcriteriaand aclosematchonthatwaslinkedtoa14per centlowerriskofdementia.Thefindings, published in the journal BMC Medicine, appearedtoshowa“protectiveefectregardlessof someone􀆳sgeneticrisk”. Dr Susan Mitchel, of Alzheimer􀆳s ResearchUK,said,“Thereisawealthof evidencethateatingahealthy,balanceddiet canhelpreducetheriskofcognitivedecline. Buttheevidenceforspecificdietsismuchless clear-cut.”Shepointedoutthatthestudy 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —802— 高考预测练 onlydrewondatafrompeoplewithwhite, BritishorIrishancestry.Shesaid,“While therearenosurefirewaystopreventdementia yet,adietrichinfruitandvegetables,along withplentyofexerciseandnotsmoking,al contributetogoodhearthealth,whichinturn helpstoprotectourbrainfromdiseasesthat leadtodementia.” 3.Whichofthefolowingbestshowsthe structureofthepassage? 考点9 阅读理解之推理判断———读者对象 Whenachildischoking,itmeansthatan objectisstuckinthetrachea.Whenthis happens,aircan􀆳tflownormalyintoorout ofthelungs,sothechildcantbreathe properly. Thetracheais usualy protected by epiglottis(喉 头 盖).Italowsfoodtopass downandgointoourstomachanditalso preventsfoodfromgoingdownthetrachea. Buteveryonceina while,theepiglottis doesn􀆳tclosefastenoughandanobjectcan slipintothetrachea.Thisiswhathappens whensomethinggoesdownthewrongpipe. Mostofthetime,thefoodorobjectonly partialyblocksthetrachea.Ifcoughedup, breathingreturnstonormalquickly.Kidswho seemtobechokingandcoughingbutstilcan breatheandtalkusualyrecoverwithouthelp. Itcanbeuncomfortableforthem,butthey􀆳re generalyfineafterafewseconds. Sometimes,anobjectcangetintothe tracheaandcompletelyblocktheairway.If airflowintoandoutofthelungsisblocked andthebrainwilbecomeshortofoxygen, choking can become a life-threatening emergency.Achildmaybechokingandneed helprightawayifheorshecan􀆳tbreatheor can􀆳ttalkormakenoise. Ifyouhavekids,it􀆳simportanttoget trainedinboth CPR(心 肺 复 苏)andthe techniqueofabdominalthrusts(腹部施压). Evenifyoudon􀆳thavekids,knowinghowto performthesefirst-aidprocedureswilletyou helpifsomeoneischoking. Al kidsareatriskforchoking,but thoseyoungerthan3areespecialyatrisk. Young kidstend to putthingsin their mouths,havesmalerairwaysthatareeasily blocked,anddon􀆳thavealotofexperience chewing,so they might swalow things whole. Takethetimenowtobecomeprepared CPRandfirst-aidcoursesarea mustfor parent,othercaregivers,andbabysitters.To findoneinyourarea,contactyourlocal AmericanRedCross,YMCA,orAmerican HeartAssociation,orcheck withhospitals andhealthdepartmentsinyourcommunity. Whomisthetextwrittenfor? A.Americanparents. B.Japanesevolunteers. C.Britishdoctors. D.Australianvisitors. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —902— 班级: 姓名: 高考预测练(十六) 阅读理解之猜测词义 考点1 阅读理解之猜测词义———单词的意思 1.Theconceptofbypassinggroundtransportation byairisn􀆳tnew.Helicoptertaxiservice alreadyexistsincitieslike New York, whereaflightcansometimesbecomparable toorcheaperthanthecostofaride-share fromanairportintoManhattan. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bypass”in paragraph5mean? A.Avoid. B.Conduct. C.Restrict. D.Control. 2.Spermwhaleshavecomplexsocialgroups. Whenafamiliaryoung malerejoinedhis family,researchersseizedthechanceto record their sounds.Fortwo decades, scientistsdocumentedtwo sperm whale groups,capturingtheirclickingsounds. Aftermanualydecodingsomesounds,they turnedtoAIforfastertranslation.Usinga neural(神经的)network,theteamtrained ittodiscernindividualwhalesfromasubset ofsounds.Next,theirambitiousgoalisto trainacomputertospeakwhale. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discern”in paragraph3mean? A.Train. B.Recognize. C.Record. D.Protect. 3.Aftertheplanelanded,Iimmediatelyread thecritiquemyself,whichwasharshand thorough,pointingoutseveralfundamental flawsinourmethodsandinthebasicdata. Thefaloutwasswiftandintense.Ireceived afloodofemailsandmessages.Somewere fromsupportivecoleagues,butmanywere harshlycriticalofmywork.Iwasdepressed, wonderingwhatthiswouldmeanformy career. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“falout”in paragraph2probablymean? A.Consequence. B.Conflict. C.Solution. D.Shame. 4.ExpertsintheLjubljanaManifestorecord thedemeritsofdigitalreading:“Recent studiesofvariouskindsindicateadecline ofcritical and conscious reading,slow reading,non-strategicreadingandlong- formreading.”Whenyoureadabookon paper,you can be entirely inside the experience,absorbhundredsofpagesof detailsthoroughlyandbegintocapturethe world􀆳scomplexity.Online,saysMaryanne Wolf of UCLA, we are “skimming, scanning,scroling”.The mediumisthe message:doingdeepreadingonyourphone isashardasplayingtennis with your phone.Recently,abright11-year-oldtold meI was wastingtime on books:he absorbed moreinformation faster from Wikipedia.He had a point.Butdigital readersalsoabsorb more misinformation andseldomabsorbfineperspectives. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demerits” inparagraph3mean? A.Effects. B.Depths. C.Features. D.Drawbacks. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —012— 高考预测练 考点2 阅读理解之猜测词义———猜测短语 意思 1.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,thekeyisto developacaloricdeficitinwhichyouburn caloriesmorethanwhatyou􀆳reconsuming. Buteatinghighcaloriefattyfoodregularly can make this a hard nut.“You are overconsumingcaloriesandwilhavetodo moreexercisethanapersoncansustainon along-termbasis,”Carrikersaid. Whichisclosestinmeaningto“hardnut” underlinedinparagraph3? A.Disorder. B.Target. C.Trend. D.Chalenge. 2.AnnaSteeddoesn􀆳tlookmucholderthan herstudents,butsheisapractitionerof behavioral and motivational science,a shouldertocryon,andthehighschool debatecoach.Herclass,whichbeganasan electiveclasstogivestudentsexposureto skilsthatpreparethemforcolege,has becometheclassoncampusthatcreates winners. Speechanddebatetesttheteenage characterperhaps morethan any other activity.Theshyandtheunsureoftenhave nodesiretolookupfromtheirscreensand engageintheoldesthumaninteraction: persuasive oral arguments.It􀆳s dreadful territoryfortheaverageteenager.Research, writing,deliveringaspeechinfrontofyour peers--italsoundslikethekindofclass studentswouldbemostlikelytoskip.But Annadrawsthemin. Classroom161isalwaysful.Anna􀆳s debateteamshaveacasefulofmedals; mostimportantly,theyhavegoneonto becomeleadersoftheircommunitiesand examplestotheirfamilies. “Thisactivityhaschanged mylife. Justbuildingconnections with peopleI never,everimaginedbuildingconnections with,”relatesAlexanderHernandezGonzalez. Alexander suffered from social anxiety throughouthischildhood.Thenhediscovered debateasafreshman,anditchangedhis life. Whatdrivesyoungpeopletostandup andpassionatelydeliveraspeechinfrontof acrowdfulofstrangers,apanelofjudges andopposingteamsfrom moreprivileged highschools? Thepersonwhowilalways havetheirback:AnnaSteed. “Iwantthemtojusthavethememory ofmakingitthrough,succeedinginaplace likethatandexpressingastorythatleaves thatplacebetter,”Annasays. Thatbetterplacebeginsinroom161 whenunsureandnervousstudentsenterfor thefirsttime.Aftersetbacksandadjustments, alotofhugs,encouragement,andhoursof late-nightstudyandpractice,theyrolout afewyearslaterwiththeirshouldersback andafultankofconfidence,readytotake onthenextstageoflife. Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thatplace” inparagraph6referto? A.Anna􀆳sclass. B.Theprivilegedclassroom C.Unfamiliarterritory. D.Thenextstageoflife. 3.Everysummer,asachild,Ispentwithmy parentstheannualfamilyholiday,flying awayfromourhomeintheWestMidlands totheirbirthplaceinIreland. Ienjoyedit,butonce,Ibehaveddifferently andlefthome.Packagetoursandlong- 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —112— 班级: 姓名: distanceflights became my idea of a holiday.Ithen went and ran into an EnglishmanwhoalsocameofIrishstock, andwebothfelttheurgetorenewour knowledgeofIreland. Itwasimportantforustodiscover something differentfrom our childhood visits.Sothat􀆳showwecametodrivealong thewindingStJohn􀆳sPointPeninsula(半 岛)in Donegal,partofIreland􀆳s Wild AtlanticWay,tovisitauniquepartofthe 20th-centuryhistory—theDonegalCorridor. Whenanyonedrivestothepointwhere thelandrunsout,heseesgiantwhite stonesfixedfirmlyingreengrassspeling out“EIRE”and“70”,whiletheAtlantic windfiercelyblowsacrosstheheadlandand theice-whitewavessmashintotherocks below.The meaning behindthestones? TheydatebacktotheSecondWorldWar whenStJohn􀆳sPointwasnumber70ina totalof83 Look OutPoints (LOPs), observationstationssetupandmaintained byIrelandalarounditscoast. ThereliesabitofcuriousUK-Ireland history.Although Ireland was officialy neutralduringthewar,theBattleofthe AtlanticwasbeingfoughtclosetoIrish shores,andtheseLOPs,staffedbylocal volunteers known as Coast watchers, passed on information on activities connectedwiththeseaandweatherfronts toLondon. AtStJohn􀆳sPoint,wewerestanding rightundertheDonegalCorridor,along narrowareaofairspacein whichIreland ensuredsafepassageduringWorldWarII toplanesintheRAF (RoyalAirForce) frombasesintheUK-governedNorthof Ireland.The stone markings acted as referencepointstoaircrews. Standing on this rough area of land surroundedbythewildandwindyocean broughthometoustheconditionsinwhich theCoast watchersandaircrewsinthe RAFcooperatedinasharedhistory. Irevoltedagainstmyfamilytradition thatsummer,andIfulfiled myaim of discoveringsomethingnewandabsorbedal Donegal has to offer: empty golden beaches,mysteriousancientstonecircles, folkmusicandcrafts,andtastyfood.Ihad faleninlovewithIrelandaloveragain. Theexpression “revoltedagainst”inthe lastparagraphisclosestin meaningto . A.worriedabout B.passedon C.celebrated D.disobeyed 4.Inthelate1940s,doctorswereworried. Britain,like many rich countries,was sufferingfrom an “epidemic”ofheart diseaseand no one knew why.Various hypotheses,suchasstress,weresuggested; butonethingthat was notexercising researchers wasexercise.Theideathat healthandexercisewerelinked“wasn􀆳tthe acceptedfactthatweknowtoday”,saysNick Wareham,a professor ofepidemiology at CambridgeUniversity.Someevenfeltthat “toomuchphysicalactivitywasabadthing foryourhealth”.Minersandfarmerswho didphysicalexercisealsosufferedfrom variousdiseasesanddiedyoung. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —212— 高考预测练 Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“exercising researchers”in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Encouragingresearcherstoworkout. B.Helpingwithresearchers􀆳inquiry. C.Holdbackresearchers􀆳progress. D.Drawingresearchers􀆳attention. 考点3 阅读理解之猜测词义———猜测代词 词义 1.Californiaisspeedingupthelaunchofits robotaxi.Carswithoutdriversarealready becoming a common sight on San Francisco􀆳swindingandfoggystreetswith alotofhils.Butthey􀆳vebeenlimitedin theirareasandtimeofoperation,andin somecaseshavehadhumansafetymonitors onboard.Lastweek,Californiaofficials votedtoremovemostrestrictionsforthe twoleading self-driving carcompanies, WaymoandCruise,lettingthemchargefor ridesanywhereinthecity24/7.It􀆳sa criticalmomentfortheindustry,whichhas growntomorethan40companiesreaching milionsof mileson publicroadsevery year. Ifthisisthefuture,it􀆳sstilatough nut in progress.One San Francisco driverlessvehicleroledintoanactivefire scene and prevented firefighters from carrying out their work.Others have stoppeddeadinthemiddleoftraffic.There were93reportedtrafficincidentsinvolving robotaxis in March alone.California regulatorsshouldn􀆳tbegivingrobotaxisa freepass.Driverlesscarscould makea differencetothecitystreetsthewaygas- poweredautomobilesdidacenturyago.The objection to driverless cars has been similar,too.InSanFrancisco,oneactivist grouphasbegunconingself-drivingtaxis— placingasimpleorangecone(圆锥体)on themetalcoveroftheengine,whichseems to“paralyze”anautonomousvehicle. Whatdoes “this”refertointhesecond paragraph? A.Restrictionswil becanceledforthe self-drivingcars. B.Francisco􀆳streetswil beupgradedby Californiaregulators. C.Robotaxis wil bein ful wingsin Californiaaroundtheclock. D.Milionsofmilesonpublicroadswilbe monitoredeveryyear. 2.CelOTisagroundbreakingapproachthat identifiesthedistinctreactionsindividual celswithinalargerpopulationcanhaveto adrug.Theaverageresponseofacel populationoftendoesnotcapturetheful complexity of how certain tumor cels surviveordevelopresistanceto drugs. CelOTaddressesthisbypredictingthe effectsofperturbations(扰 动)oncels, pavingthe wayfor moreeffectiveand personalizedcancertreatments. Theunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3 refersto . A.variousresponsesofacel population todrugs B.theaveragereactionofacelpopulation todrugs C.theresistancefromagroupofcancer celstodrugs D.thesurvivalofapopulationofcancer celstodrugs 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —312— 班级: 姓名: 3.Roadsalso disturb elephant migration. Thoseoutsidenationalparkboundariesare priorpoaching (偷 猎)spots.Elephants know unguarded roads are dangerous. During one study of 28 elephantsin CentralAfrica,onlyonefemalecrossedan unprotectedroad.Whenshefinalycrossed, shemoved14timesfasterthanshedid whencrossingaprotectedroadinsidea park. Whatdoesthe underlined “those”in paragraph3referto? A.Elephants. B.Unguardedroads. C.Poachers. D.Migrations. 4.AnyonecanputonashowattheFringe, andthisyearevenrobotsweregettinginon theact.OneofFringe􀆳sbigshowsuseda smalrobottocomeupwithjokesfrom audiences􀆳suggestions,which werethen performedbyhumans.Theresultscouldbe veryfunny,butsometimesthey weren􀆳t funnyatal.Thatwaspartofthepoint, explainedPiotrMirowski,theshow􀆳sco- maker.“Wedonotusehumansto‘show off􀆳AI;instead,weuseAI‘toshow􀆳its limitations,toshowcasehumancreativity onthestage,”saidMirowski,accordingto TheGuardian. What does the underlined “That”in paragraph2referto? A.Performingjokesmadebyrobots. B.Robots􀆳jokesareverypopular. C.Robots􀆳jokessometimesarenotfun. D.UsinghumanstoshowoffAI. 5.The1973horrorfilm “TheExorcist”and “SilentNight,DeadlyNight”releasedin 1984weresoscarythataudiencesleftthe theater up and out—throwing up and passingout,thatis. Based on this evidence after the release,itwouldseemtomostpeoplethat horrormoviesarebadforpeople􀆳shealth. Yetexperts actualy argue exactly the opposite: The Haloween tradition of watchingscarymoviesisactualygoodfor yourmentalhealth. “Thereissomeresearchonthisin psychology,butIthink what􀆳sbasicaly beenfoundisthatthere􀆳sabenefitto recalingfearsinyour mind,”Matthew Strohl,theauthorofWhyIt􀆳sOKtoLove BadMovies,toldSalon.“Youcangaina senseofdistancefromthem.Youfeelyou canconquerthem throughthissortof exposure,asitwere,byrepeatedlyputting yourselfinapositionwhereyouhaveto engagewiththem.Butbecauseit􀆳sina fictional(虚构的)artisticcontext,youcan dealwiththem.” FrankT.McAndrew,whohasstudied howplacescan“creep”peopleout(让人害 怕)—researchedonthesciencebehindhow horrormoviesareinmanywaysidealasa specificvehicleformeetingthisneedtobe scared. “Thatis kind of born with us,” McAndrewpointedout.“Welikestories. Weliketolearnthroughtheexperienceof otherpeople.Welearnvaluablelessonsthat mightbekindofcostlytolearnonour own.Soweareattractedbyhorrormovies andhorrorexperiencesbecausebywatching otherpeopledealwithscarythings,wecan mentalypracticestrategiesthatwil make 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —412— 高考预测练 usbetterpreparedfordealing withthat ourselvesinthefuture.” Whetheritisturningdownthemovie􀆳s volume,coveringyoureyes,orreminding yourselfthatitisjustamovie,McAndrew said“thatkindofplayfulengagementwith fearcannotonlyhelppeopleavoidfainting fromhorrorinfaceofahorrormovie,but alsohandlethepressureandanxietiesof therealworld.” Whatdoes“That”underlinedinparagraph 5probablymean? A.Theappealforavehicle. B.Theneedforfear. C.Thefearforsomeplaces. D.Thesciencebehindhorror. 考点4 阅读理解之猜测词义———猜测句子 意思 1.ItwasasunnyafternooninJuneof2022 when20-year-old AnthonyPerrystepped offthetrain at Chicago􀆳s 69th Street station.Ontheplatform,two men were fighting bitterly.Then the unthinkable happened:thepairfelovertheedgeand ontothetracks.Onemanendeduponhis back.Suddenly,hestartedconvulsing(抽 搐)unnaturaly.Hehadfalenonthethird rail,theconduit(导线管)forthe600volts ofelectricity that powers Chicago􀆳s L trains.Theaggressorleaped backward, boundedbackupontotheplatform and disappeared. Perrycouldn􀆳tjuststandthereand watch.Hesatattheedgeoftheplatform andeasedhimselfdown.Hetookafew quickboundsandapproachedthevictim. Theguylookeddead,hisbodystilmoving violentlyastheelectricitypulsed(搏动). Gatheringuphiscourage,Perryreached down and grasped the victim􀆳s wrist. Instantly,hefeltablastofelectricshock shootthroughhisbody.Perryshrankand jumpedback.Hereacheddownasecond time,andwasshockedagain.Butthethird timeheseizedtheman􀆳swristandforearm and,bravingtheshock,puledwithalhis strength.Theguy􀆳sbodyslidbrieflyalong thethirdrail,comingtorestonthegravel ontheouteredgeofthetracks. The man was breathing, but irregularly.Somethingwasn􀆳tright.“Give himchestcompressions(按压)!”yeleda woman.Perrywasnoexpert,butforafew momentsheworkedonthe man􀆳sheart untilthevictimbeganconvulsing.Thenhe heardasuddennoisebehindhim—medical workersandfirefightershadarrived.Perry lettheprofessionalstakeover.Hisheart stil racingfrom theelectricshocks,he climbedbackupontotheplatform,grabbedhis thingsandheadedhome. The evening news reported the incident.Afterafriendoutedhimtothe media,PerrybecamethetoastofChicago. PerrywasthenrecruitedbytheChicago FireDepartmentandisnowtrainingtobe anemergencymedicaltechnician. What does the underlined sentencein paragraph4mean? A.PerrylandedajobintheFireDepartment. B.ThecityofChicagoawardedPerrya prize. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —512— 班级: 姓名: C.PeopleinChicagotoastedPerryforhis bravedeeds. D.Perrygotpopularandgreatlyadmiredin Chicago. 2.Petersonhaspainted41oftheseportraits himself.Butthere􀆳smoretothefinished productsthanthe moneytheybringto someonedown-and-out.He􀆳s discovered thatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestory ofthe person in the painting,finding similaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeone theymighthaveotherwiseoverlookedor stereotyped(刻板印象). Whatdoestheunderlinesentencemeanin thelastbutoneparagraph? A.Petersonstil has more portraitsto finish. B.Theportraits maybring moretothe buyers. C.Theportraitsshouldbesoldatahigher price. D.Thebuyerstendtodonatemoremoney thantheportraits􀆳price. 3.Growingup,Iwasvirtualyneverbigon novels.My classmates would becrazy aboutthelatestHarryPotterbook,while mycopysatcolectingdustonashelf. Instead,Iwouldchoosetoreadthrough the reference books related to my disciplinesforbettergrades.AfterIstarted graduateschool,extracurricularreading didn􀆳tappealtomeatalbutIspentmost ofmytimeoncampusdigestingresearch papersandtextbooksandmymindcouldn􀆳t handle processing fact-filed nonfiction booksathome,too.SoIknew thatI neededtofinda waytoenjoyreading again. What does the underlined sentencein Paragraph2mean? A.Theauthorwasalwaysabigfanof readingnovels. B.Theauthorlackedenthusiasmfornovels fromchildhood. C.Theauthorneverreadanybookswhen theauthorwasyoung. D.Theauthorwasoccupiedintheresearch papersduringschool. 4.AccordingtostatisticsfromtheIndonesian government.Chinese companies􀆳 direct investmentinthecountryreached $8.23 bilionin2022,ayear-on-yearjumpof160 percent,reachingarecordhighandranking asthe second-largestsource offoreign investmentin Indonesia US investment bankGoldmanSachsalsoforecastedina report that Indonesia wil become the world􀆳sfourth-largesteconomyby2050To turn such rosy prospectsinto reality. Chinesecompaniesarescramblingtobetter localizetheirproducts,managementteams andmarketingstrategies. Whichofthefolowingcanreplacethe underlinedsentence? A.To obeyIndonesian regulations and policies. B.Tobetterunderstandthelocalculture andcustoms. C.Tocompetewithotherforeigncompanies operatedinIndonesia. D.Toincreasetheir marketshareand appealtoIndonesianconsumers. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —612— 高考预测练 能性要高得多。就像一个人应该权衡在没有必要补给的情 况下攀登8848.86米高的山峰的风险一样,作为自由职业者 的想法必须得到真正的理解)”以及第四段中“Besides,more thanhalf(58%)offreelancershaveexperiencednon-payment fromclients,and mostdonothaveretirementplansor affordablehealthinsurance.Manyfreelancersfailafterthe firstyearasaresultofmakingavoidablemistakeswithonlya thirdmakingit.(此外,超过一半(58%)的自由职业者经历过 客户不付款的情况,大多数人没有退休计划或负担得起的医 疗保险。许多自由职业者在第一年就失败了,因为只有三分 之一的人犯了可以避免的错误)”可推知,作为自由职业者没 有更安全的环境。故选B。 6.D 推 理 判 断 题。由 文 章 第 三 段 中 “However,teling someone whois unhappyin theircurrent professional situationto‘justgofreelance’,isliketelingthemtoclimb MtQomolangma withoutoxygen:5% ofclimbershave succeeded,soitcanbedone,buttherewilbehardshipand amuchhigherchanceoffailure.Justasoneshouldweighthe risksofattemptingtoclimbthe8848.86mmountainwithout essentialsupplies,theideaofbeingfreelancersmustbetruly understood.(然而,告诉那些对目前的职业状况不满意的人 ‘去做自由职业者吧’,就像告诉他们在没有氧气的情况下攀 登珠穆朗玛峰:5%的登山者成功了,所以这是可以做到的, 但会有困难,失败的可能性要高得多。就像一个人应该权衡 在没有必要补给的情况下攀登8848.86米高的山峰的风险 一样,作为自由职业者的想法必须得到真正的理解)”可推 知,作者将走自由职业者之路与攀登珠峰相比,主要是说明 其成功率极低,强调权衡风险的重要性。故选D。 7.A 推理判断题。由文章第四段“Thenumberisincreasingly growing,however,actualythreequartersofself-described freelancersintheUSarepart-time,meaningthevastmajority areusingfreelanceworkasasidehustle(副 业).What􀆳s more,researchshowsthat70% offul-timefreelancers participatedinupskilingtraining.Besides,morethanhalf (58%)offreelancershaveexperiencednon-paymentfrom clients,andmostdonothaveretirementplansoraffordable healthinsurance.Manyfreelancersfailafterthefirstyearasa resultofmakingavoidablemistakeswithonlyathirdmaking it.(这个数字还在不断增长,然而,实际上在美国,自称为自 由职业者的人中有四分之三是兼职的,这意味着绝大多数人 都把自由职业作为副业。更重要的是,研究表明70%的全职 自由职业者参加了技能提升培训。此外,超过一半(58%)的 自由职业者经历过客户不付款的情况,大多数人没有退休计 划或负担得起的医疗保险。许多自由职业者在第一年就失 败了,因为只有三分之一的人犯了可以避免的错误)”可 推 知,作者认为,有关自由职业者增长的统计数据有危险的误 导性,作者很担忧。故选A。 8.C 主 旨 大 意 题。通 读 全 文,尤 其 是 由 文 章 最 后 一 段“We can􀆳tsimplytelpeopleto‘justgofreelance’unlesswealso telthemtoinvestintrainingandcooperatewithlike-minded, supportivecommunitiestostrengthenindustryrightsbefore theystarttheirjourneytothesummitasanindividual,but neveralone.(我们不能简单地告诉人们‘做自由职业者’,除 非我们也告诉他们投资培训,并与志同道合的、支持他们的 社区合作,在他们以个人身份开始他们的峰会之旅之前,加 强行业权利,但绝不能独自一人)”可知,作者主要分析了从 事自由职业所面临的种种困难和挑战,探讨了从事自由职业 是否是一种明智的选择,告诫大家成为一名自由职业者并不 像想象中那么容易,对此发表了自己的看法并给出了建议。 故选C。 考点3 A 1.A 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thecompanyworkedhardto makethesystemsimpletoputinplaceandeasytorun.A wooden walkway alows wheelchair usersto reach the Seatrac.Thesystemissolarpoweredandcancontinuetorun eveniftheelectricitygoesout.TheScatracsystemcaneasily bepackedupandstoredwhenswimmingseasonends.(该公 司努力使该系统易于安装和运行。木制人行道允许轮椅使 用者到达Seatrac。该系统由太阳能供电,即使停电也可以继 续运行。Scatrac系统可以在游泳季节结束时轻松打包和存 放)”可知,本段主要讲述了Scatrac系统的优势,故选A项。 B 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是亚马逊最近 发布的一款名为Astro的机器人。 2.D 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Answeringthisquestion, Amazon􀆳sVice-PresidentofProducts,Charlie Tritschler, highlightssomeuniquefeaturesofAstrothatmakeita differentkindofrobot.(在回答这个问题时,亚马逊产品副总 裁CharlieTritschler强调了Astro的一些独特功能,使其成 为一种不同的机器人。)”结合下文中介绍的 Astro的一些独 特的功能可知,本段主要介绍的是 Astro的一些独特 的 功 能。故选D项。 3.C 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 二 段 中 的:“Itsbig,circular, blinking‘eyes’displayedonitsscreen-likeheadmakingit lookrathercuteareabigreasonforthis.(它像屏幕一样的头 上长着大大的、圆形的、闪烁的‘眼睛’,这让它看起来相当可 爱,这是一个重要的原因。)”可知,Astro头上长着的大大的、 圆形的、闪烁的“眼睛”让他看起来很可爱,由此可知,Astro 最吸引人的是它可爱的外表。故选C项。 4.B 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 尾 段 中 的“Tritschlerisencouraging peopletopersonalizetherobotwhenitbecomesavailable, andheisconfidentthatuserswilcomeupwithmoreideas andfeaturestheywil wanttoseeintherobotinthenear futuretomakeitevenbetter.(特里奇勒鼓励人们在机器人 可用时对其进行个性化设计,他相信在不久的将来,用户会 提出 更 多 的 想 法 和 功 能,让 机 器 人 变 得 更 好。)”可 知, Tritschler相信在不久的将来,用户会提出更多的想法和功 能,让机器人变得更好,由此可知,Tritschler对Astro的未来 持乐观的态度。故选B项。 5.A 主 旨 大 意 题。根 据 首 段 中 的 “Amazonrecently announceditslatestlaunch,arobotcaledAstro.Smalin size,butwithimpressivetechnology,Astroisseemingly similartoAmazon􀆳spopularvirtualassistant.(亚马逊最近发 布了一款名为 Astro的机器人。Astro体积小,但技术令人 印象深刻,看起来与亚马逊流行的虚拟助手类似。)”结合下 文中的介绍的Astro的独特的功能以及对机器人未来发展 情况的介绍可知,本文主要介绍的是亚马逊推出的一款称为 Astro的机器人,所以题目“Astro:机器人助手”与本文的内 容吻合,且可以概括本文的主题,适合作为本文的最佳题目。 故选A项。 C 6.A 主 旨 大 意 题。根 据 第 二 段 前 四 句“Debateteststhe teenagecharacterperhapsmorethananyotheractivity.The shyandtheunsureoftenhavenodesiretolookupfromtheir screens and engage in the oldest human interaction: persuasiveoralarguments.It􀆳sdreadfulterritoryforthe averageteenager.Research,writing,deliveringaspeechin frontofyourpeers,ital soundslikethekindofclass studentswouldbemostlikelytoskip.(辩论也许比任何其他 活动都更能考验青少年的性格。害羞和不确定的人通常不 想从他们的屏幕上抬起头来参与最古老的人类互动:有说服 力的口头辩论。对于普通青少年来说,这是一个可怕的领 域。研究、写作、在同龄人面前发表演讲,这些听起来都是学 生最有可能跳过的课程。)”可知,第二段主要是讲辩论对青 少年的挑战性。故选A。 高考预测练(十五) 阅读理解之推理判断题 考点1 A 1.C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Todayweknowthisisnotthe case.Rather,animalsdoeverythingtoensurethatcopiesof theirowngenesarepassedtothenextgeneration with maximumefficiencyand,whennecessary,theywilalsokil conspecifics.(今天,我们知道情况并非如此。相反,动物尽 一切努力确保自己基因的副本以最大的效率传递给下一代, 在必要时,它们也会杀死同种动物。)”可推知,动物的行为主 要由他们急于保证基因的传播而驱动。故选C。 B 2.C 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 第 二 段 中 的“‘Whenyoudance withatapeland perform itscharacter,you undergoa transformation,’saysIMadeBandem,ascholarandteacher ofBalinesearts-andadancerforsevendecades.‘Youmust ‘marry’thatmaskandmakeritual(仪式)offeringstocreate unitybetweenyourselfandthetapel.Manydancerswilsleep 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —192— withthemaskbesidethem,sothattheycanlearnitstrue character.’(‘当你戴上tapel并扮演它的角色时,你会经历一 种变身,’巴厘岛艺术的学者和教师兼已舞蹈家七十年的I MadeBandem说。‘你必须‘嫁’给那个面具,并进行仪式祭 祀,以在你和tapel之间创造统一。许多舞者会把面具放在 身旁睡觉,以便了解它的真正性格。’)”可推知,tapel在舞者 和真实人物之间架起了一座桥梁。故选C项。 C 3.C 本文是新闻报道。介绍了PAL-VLiberty是一种革命性 的交通工具,可以在陆地和空中行驶,这是世界上第一辆商 用飞行汽车,目前已可预订。 推理判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段“Itcanswitchbetweendriving modeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,withthehelpofa semi-automaticsystem.(在半自动系统的帮助下,它可以在 大约10分钟内从驾驶模式切换到飞行模式)”可知,PAL-V Liberty可以在短时间内在驾驶和飞行模式之间切换。故选 C项。 D 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了2018年考 古人员在越南OcEo发掘出一块加工咖喱的石板及其他石器, 该遗址曾经是一个被称为扶南的古代东南亚王国的海外贸易 中心。 4.A 推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Preparingcurryinvolvesnot onlyadiverserangeofseasoningbutalsotheuseofgrinding (研 磨)tools,considerabletime,andhumaneffort,’said studyauthorDr.HsiaochunHung.(该 研 究 的 作 者 Hsiao chunHung博士说:“制作咖喱不仅需要各种各样的调味料, 还需要使用研磨工具、大量的时间和人力。”)”可知,Hsiao- chunHung认为制作咖喱是一个繁琐的过程。故填A。 5.C 推理判断题。根 据 最 后 一 段“Someofthecomponents recoveredatOcEoaresimilartothosefoundinIndian curries,while other components are more distinctively SoutheastAsian.Thenewstudyconcludedthatcurryrecipes arrivedinSoutheastAsiawithSouthAsiantradersascontact betweentheregionsincreasedduringtheearlycenturiesof thefirstmilennium.(在OcEo发现的一些成分与印度咖喱 中发现的成分相似,而其他成分则更具东南亚特色。这项新 的研究得出结论,在第一个千年的最初几个世纪里,随着南 亚地区之间的联系增加,咖喱食谱随着南亚商人来 到 东 南 亚。)”可推断,这些古老的咖喱调料曾经沟通着不同的文明。 故选C。 考点2 A 1.A 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 第 三 段 中 的 “Ein-Elisaid disposablemasks,inhighdemandglobalyduringthehealth crisis,werenoteconomicalyorenvironmentalyfriendly. ‘Youhavetomakeitreusableandfriendly,andthisisour solution,’hesaid.(恩-伊莱说,在卫生危机期间,全球对一次 性口罩的需求量很大,但这既不经济,也不环保。他说:‘你 必须让它可重复使用且友好,这就是我们的解决方案。’)”可 知,Ein-Eli对新口罩是支持的。故选A。 B 【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加 SummitLearning课程的经历和感受。 2.C 作 者 态 度 题。根 据 第 一 段 的“WhenIfirstheardabout SummitLearning,IadmittedIwasnotabithappyand excitedatal.(当我第一次听说SummitLearning的时候,我 承认我一点 也 不 高 兴 和 兴 奋)”和 第 二 段 的“Iwouldnever havetakenpartifitwasuptome,asIpreferredtowork independently.(如果由我来决定,我绝不会参加,因为我更喜 欢独立工作)”可知,作者对SummitLearning的第一反应是 不想参加。故选C。 3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thepeeractivitieswedid withapartnergavememorebeliefinmyabilityandinspired metodomoretomakemypresentationthebestitcould possiblybe.(我们和一个伙伴一起做的同伴活动让我对自己 的能力更有信心,并激励我做更多的事情,使我的演讲尽可能 最好)”可知,诗歌活动提高了作者的诗歌和信心。故选B。 4.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Asanactiveboy,Ihave alwaysbeenaheadandadvanced,butinanormalclassroom, therearerestrictionson whatIcan do.With Summit Learning,Icangobeyondexpectationsinprojectsormove aheadinlearning new content whenI􀆳m ready.Ihave ownershipofmyworkandpursuemygoals.(作为一个好动 的男孩,我一直走在前面,不断进步,但是在一个正常的教室 里,我所能做的是有限制的。有了SummitLearning,我可以 在项目中超越预期,或者在我准备好的时候继续学 习 新 内 容。我对自己的工作有主人翁精神,并追求自己的目标)”推 知,SummitLearning转变了学习的方式。故选D。 5.A 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 最 后 一 段“SummitLearninghas showedmehow muchpeoplecangrowandchange.Ithas helpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.Ithasbeenone ofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife,andIcannotseemyself goingbacktoanormalclassroom.(峰会学习向我展示了人 可以成长和改变多少。它帮助我以不同的方式看待别人和 自己。这是我一生中最伟大的经历之一,我无法想象自己会 回到正常的教室)”可推知,作者认为SummitLearning非常 有启发意义的。故选A。 C 6.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Onlyrecentlyhavethey cometoseethevitalpartforestswilhavetoplayinstoring carbon.California􀆳splan,whichisexpectedtobefinalizedby thegovernornextyear,shouldserveasamodel.(直到最近, 他们才认识到森林在储存碳方面所起的重要作用。加州的 计划预计将于明年由州长最终确定,它应该成为一个榜样)” 可知,作者认为加州的计划应该成为一个榜样。由此推知, 作者对它是持支持态度。故选D项。 考点3 A 1.D 目的和意图题。根据第二段中“Althoughthereismuch moretolearn,oceanographershavealready madesome amazingdiscoveries.(虽然还有很多东西要学,但海洋学家已 经有了一些惊人的发现。)”以及后文所举实例可知,本段讲 述了海洋学家所发现的一些有关海洋的知识。故选D。 B 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者住在历史悠久的茶马 古道上,去 年 5 月,他 遇 到 了 要 用 双 脚 环 游 世 界 的 Paul Salopek,于是决定陪Paul游云南。文中描述了他们路上的见 闻和作者的感悟。 2.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ihavetoadmitthatwhen IfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentire globeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn􀆳t imaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersoninthe world.(我不得不承认,当我第一次听说保罗·萨洛佩克要 用自己的两只脚走完整个地球时,我惊呆了。我无法想象世 界上会有这样一个不寻常的人)”可知,作者最初对Paul的 旅行计划感到吃惊。故选C项。 3.A 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段“Hetoldmethatitwashis firsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitement aboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionof China.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilk Road),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXu Xiake,the Tea Horse Roadandtheearly20th-century AmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang. PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinese pioneersofslowjournalism.(他 告 诉 我 这 是 他 第 一 次 来 中 国。他非常兴奋地和我谈论我所在地 区 的 历 史、移 民 和 发 现。他谈到了蜀道—盐都道(南方丝绸之路)、17世纪中国探 险家徐霞客的旅行、茶马古道和20世纪初美国植物学家约 瑟夫·洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为他们中的许多人 是英雄,在 某 种 意 义 上 是 中 国 慢 新 闻 的 先 驱)”可 知 Paul Salopek和作者谈论所在地区的历史、移民和发现,可推知, PaulSalopek对中国有一定的了解。故选A项。 4.A 推理判断题。根据第四段“Wemetmanypeopleonthe road.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus; somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometo takearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.We metmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.We werewalkingwithourminds.(我 们 在 路 上 遇 到 了 许 多 人。 有些人很好奇,围观着我们观察我们;有些人给了我们指引; 有些人邀请我们到他们家休息;有些人谈论着他们家乡的魅 力。我们遇到了许多美丽的灵魂,朴实 的 灵 魂 和 温 暖 的 灵 魂。我们在用心走路)”据此可推知,作者和Paul与人们建 立了联系。故选A项。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —292— 5.B 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知,作者住在历史悠久的 茶马古道上,他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的PaulSalopek,于 是决定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者 的感悟。由此推知,作者写作的目的是 分 享 和 回 顾 一 段 旅 程。故选B项。 考点4 A 1.D 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 第 三 段 中 的“Anewprogram providesanalternative.CaledAlcove,itoffersunattached healthandwelnesssitestothoseages12to25.Although Alcoveisbuilttosupportawiderangeofphysical,emotional andsocialneeds,itsmaingoalistodealwithmentalhealth chalengesbeforetheydevelopintodeeperproblems.(一个新 计划提供了一个替代方案。名为 Alcove的计划为12至25 岁的年轻人提供独立的健康和福祉场所。尽管Alcove旨在 支持各种身体、情感和社交需求,但其主要目标是在心理健 康问题发展成更深层次问题之前解决这些挑战)”以及最后 一段“Dr.StevenAdelsheim,apsychiatrist,whocreatedthe Alcovein2014,said,‘ThereisacryingneedintheU.S.to reachkidswithearlyinterventionandhelp.’Sometimesakid maycomeinwithaphysicalcomplaint,andonlyafterafew visitsisthementalsufferingbroughtoutintotheopen.When thathappens,Alcovecanmakea‘warmhandoff’toamental healthspecialistonsite.Success,sayAdelsheimandCox, wouldmeantheestablishmentofhundredsofAlcovecenters upanddownthestateand,eventualy,aroundthecountry. (Alcove的创始 人、精 神 科 医 生 史 蒂 文·阿 德 尔 海 姆 博 士 说:‘美国迫切需要通过早期干预和帮助来接触到孩子们。’ 有时候,一个孩子可能因体质上的不适而前来就医,但只有 在几次访问之后,他们才会透露出心理痛苦。当发生这种情 况时,Alcove可 以 将 他 们‘转 介’给 现 场 的 心 理 健 康 专 家。 阿德尔海姆和Cox表示,成功意味着在整个州内以及最终在 全国范围内建立数百个 Alcove中心)”可知,Alcove为12至 25岁的年轻人提供独立的健康和福祉场所,能通过早期干预和 帮助来接触到孩子们,所以是有很重要的意义。故选D项。 B 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着运动员变 得更加强壮和快速,比赛的节奏也越来越快,在确保比赛遵循 规则和裁判准确性方面,越来越多地依靠于视频回放技术,以 及在体育比赛中采用视频回放技术的优势和争议。文章提出 使用视频回放技术可以让裁判更加公正和准确,并强调了保持 裁判员诚实和任务的重要性。 2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段“TheNationalFootbalLeague isexpandingitsreplaysystemthisupcomingseasontoinclude passinterference(传 球 干 扰).MajorLeagueBasebalnow reliesonitforsafe-or-outandhomeruncals.Ifyou􀆳vebeen watchingtheFIFA WorldCup,youmayhavenoticedthat theVideoAssistantReferee(VAR)playedakeyrolein almosteverygame.AndintheKentuckyDerby,ahorsewas disqualifiedforknockinganotherhorse.Nooneknew why untilavideoreplayconfirmedthecalandcontroversywas avoided.(在即将到来的赛季中,美国国家橄榄球联盟将扩大 其回放系统,将传球干扰纳入其中。美国职业棒球大联盟现 在依靠它来进行安全出局和本垒打。如果你一直在看世界 杯,你可能已经注意到视频助理裁判(VAR)在几乎每场比赛 中都发挥着关键作用。在肯塔基赛马比赛中,一匹马因撞到 另一匹马而被取消资格。没有人知道为什么,直到视频回放 证实了这一判罚,争议才得以避免。)”可知,美国国家橄榄球 联盟、美国职业棒球大联盟,FIFA世界杯以及肯塔基赛马中 都在依靠视频回放作出裁决,由此推知,视频回放在体育赛 事中已被广泛使用。故选A。 3.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“ItweakenedtheNew OrleansSaintsspirits.TheLosAngelesRamswona26-23 overtimevictory.Theno-caldeeplyangeredthepublic.The videoreplayshowedtherefereeshadjustmissedoneofthe mostapparentpassinterferencecals.(它削弱了新奥尔良圣 徒队的士气。洛杉矶公 羊 队 在 加 时 赛 中 以26比23获 胜。 这一否决深深激怒了公众。录像回放显示,裁判刚刚错过了 一个最明显的传球干扰判罚。)”可知,视频回放显示,裁判刚 刚错过了一个十分明显的传球干扰判罚,而这削弱了新奥尔 良圣徒队的士气。由此推知,新奥尔良圣徒队会认为这些裁 判是不称职的。故选D。 考点5 B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Manybirdspeciesuse differentalarmcals.(许多鸟类使用不同的警报信号。)”,第 二句“Japanesetits,whichnestintreeholes,haveonecal thatcausestheirbabybirdstogetdowntoavoidbeingpuled outofthenestbycrows,andanothercalfortreesnakesthat sendsthemjumpingoutofthenestentirely.(在树洞筑巢的 日本山雀,有一种叫声能让它们的幼鸟下来,以免被乌鸦拉 出巢外,另 一 种 叫 声 能 让 它 们 完 全 跳 出 巢 外。)”和 第 三 句 “Siberianjaysvarytheircalsdependingonwhetheranenemy isseenlookingforfoodoractivelyattacking—andeachcal getsadifferentresponsefromothernearbybirds.(西伯利亚 松鸦根据敌人是在寻找食物还是在主动攻击而改变它们的 叫声,而每一种叫声都会从附近的其他鸟类那里得到不同的 回应。)”可知,第二段是通过举例来论证观点。故选B。 考点6 A 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科研人员通过 分析过去150年间的海洋温度资料发现如今海洋温度升高呈 现不可逆转的趋势。 1.D 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 第 二 段“Ecologistswantedto learnhowoftenmodernextremeheateventsoccur.Theyalso wantedtoseehowlongtheylast.(生态学家想要了解现代极 端高温事件发生的频率。他们还想看看它们能持续多久。)” 可知,生态学家开展此研究是为了探寻海洋温度升高呈现的 趋势。故选D。 2.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“VanHoutansayshis newstudyshowsextremeoceanwarmingisnowthenorm. Muchdiscussiononclimatechange,henotes,hasbeenabout futureevents,andwhetherornottheymighthappen.But whattheemergingdatamakeclear,hesays,isthatextreme heatbecamecommoninouroceanin2014.(VanHoutan说, 他的新研究表明,海洋极端变暖现在是常态。他指出,关于 气候变化的许多讨论都是关于未来的事件,以及它们是否会 发生。但他说,新出现的数据清楚地表明,2014年,极端高温 在我们的海洋中变得普遍。)”可推断,VanHoutan意在强调 如今海洋升温已是一种新常态。故选D。 3.A 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 第 一 段“Oceantemperature extremesarenow normal,anew studyreports.Ithas analyzedoceansurfacetemperaturesforthepast150years. (一项新的研究报告称,海洋温度极端现在是正常的。它分 析了过去150年的海洋表面温度。)”可知,本文主要介绍科 研人员通过分析过去150年间的海洋温度资料发现如今海 洋温度升高呈现不可逆转的趋势。故本文可能出自报纸的 自然版块。故选A。 B 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种广告类型:印 刷广告、广播广告、电视广告和互联网广告。 4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Pleaseclickheretoknow moreabouttheadvertisementsandcampaignswelearnfrom. (请按此了解更多我们所学习的广告和活动)”可知,文章选 自网站。故选C。 C 5.D 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了依旧经典的四 本20世纪20年代出版的书:《了不起的盖茨比》《永别了,武 器》《尤利西斯》和《达洛威夫人》,分别从小说主题、文学技巧 和创新等角度进行了分析,并建议读者去阅读。故推断文章 出自于一本文学杂志。故选D。 考点7 A 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章通过场景描写引入本文 话题———网上交友。首先陈述了很多年轻人网上交友的现状 以及家长对此的担忧,然后通过一个研究证明,网上交友也是 有益的。 1.D 推理判断题。根据 第 三 段 中“Alarmingly,accordingto InternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershave receivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheir ownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58 percent thinkingitdoesn􀆳tcauseconcern.(据“网络安全101”调查显 示,令人担忧的是,近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不 快的信息,其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息, 58%的人认为这没什么可担心的)”可推断,大多数年轻人缺 乏互联网安全意识。故选D。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —392— 2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingto InternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershave receivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheir ownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58 percent thinkingitdoesn􀆳tcauseconcern.(据“网络安全101”调查显 示,令人担忧的是,近一半的年轻成年用户曾收到过令人不 快的信息,其中92%的人曾在网上发布过实名和身份信息, 58%的 人 认 为 这 没 什 么 可 担 心 的)”以 及 第 四 段 中 “Researchersactualyfoundthatpursuingonlinefriendships couldbebeneficial.PennStateUniversityreportedthatthis wasespecialythecaseforthosewithsocialanxiety,asthey mightformastrongercomfortbondwiththeirpeersthrough thescreenratherthanaface-to-facemeeting.(研究人员实际 上发现,追求网络友谊可能是有益的。宾夕法尼亚州立大学 报告称,这对那些有社交焦虑的人来说尤其如此,因为他们 可能会通过屏幕与同龄人形成更强的舒适联系,而不是面对 面的见面)”以及通读全文可知,文章介绍了网上交友的缺点 和优点,表述客观,无明显个人情感倾向,所以是客观的。故 选A。 3.B 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 最 后 一 段 中“Whetherornotyour searchforafriendbearsfruitliesinyourapproach,and thoughI􀆳mnotagreatrelationshipmaster,Ihavesometips thatwilaidyouinyourexplorationforthe“BFF”ofyour dreams.(你寻找朋友的过程是否有结果取决于你的方法,虽 然我不是一个很好的人际关系专家,但我有一些建议可以帮 助你探索你梦想中的“最好的朋友”)”可推知,文章接下来会 给出一些关于如何在网上找好朋友的建议。故选B。 B 4.B 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了父母要与孩子建立密切的 联系并积极地影响孩子。 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 最 后 一 段 “Askidsbecomebetterat managingtheirfeelingsandbehavior,it􀆳simportanttohelp themdevelopcopingskils,likeactiveproblemsolving.Such skilscanhelpthemfeelconfidentinhandlingwhatcomes theirway.(随着孩子们越来越善于管理自己的情绪和行为, 帮助他们发展应对技能是很重要的,比如积极主动地解决问 题。这样的技能可以帮助他们在处理自己面临的问题时感 到自信。)”可知,此处讲述了父母帮助孩子发展解决问题的 技能很重要,由此可推测,作者接下来会谈及如何培养孩子 解决实际问题的技能。故选B。 考点8 A 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文,高质量的睡眠至关重要,作 者在文章中主要论述了养成良好的睡前让自己放松的习惯并 严格执行、保持凉爽的温度有益于提高睡眠质量。 1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段“Mostofusfunctionbetterin thedaytimewithroutines.Wealsofunctionbetteratnight witharoutinebecausewewanttokeeppacewithournatural bodyrhythms.Eachperson􀆳sroutinemaybedifferent-some peoplewashtheirfaceatnight,andsometakeabath-just makesureitisaroutine.That􀆳strueduringtheweekandon theweekend;consistencymatters.(我们大多数人在白天按 照习惯就会表现更好。我们在晚上按照习惯也会更好,因为 我们想要跟上我们自然的身体节奏。每个人的习惯可能是 不同的———有些人晚上洗脸,有些人洗澡———只要确保这是 一种习惯。工作日和周末都是如此;一致性很重要。)”可知, 养成习惯有助于获得高质量的睡眠。故选A。 2.A 推理判断题。在文章第一段“Sleepisreparative.Because weneedtorepairalotwhilewesleep,it􀆳simportanttoget qualitysleep.(睡眠是修复性的。因为我们需要在睡觉时修 复很多东西,所以获得高质量的睡眠很重要。)”作者阐述了 高质量睡眠 的 重 要 性;由 第 二 段 中“Haveawindingdown, gettingreadyforsleeproutine,andcarrythatoutatthesame timeeverynight.Findthingsthatarerelaxingandhelpslow youdownforsleep.Thatmaybereading,listeningtomusic, meditating,praying — anythingthat􀆳srelaxingwhilealso beingconstructiveorhealthy.(有一个放松下来,准备睡觉的 程序,每天晚上在同一时间进行。找一 些 能 让 你 放 松 的 事 情,让你慢慢入睡。可以是阅读、听音乐、冥想、祈祷———任 何既放松又有益健康的事情。)”可知第二段阐述了养成良好 的睡前让自己放松的一些习惯并严格执行有助于提高睡眠 质量;第 三 段 “Typicaly,peoplerelaxandtendtoslow everythingdownatbedtime.Astheyrelax,theytakedeeper breaths,increasingoxygenflow,whichraisestheirskin temperature.Thisisoneofthekeyreasonswhywesleep betterinacoolerenvironment.Ifyourskintemperature increasesandyourroomisalreadyabitwarm,youwilbe toohottosleepwel.(通常情况下,人们会在睡前放松,并倾 向于放慢一切。当他们放松时,他们会深呼吸,增加氧气流 量,从而提高皮肤温度。这就是为什么我们在凉爽的环境中 睡得更好的关键原因之一。如果你的皮肤温度升高,而你的 房间已经 有 点 热 了,你 就 会 热 得 睡 不 好 觉。)”以 及 第 四 段 “Theexacttemperatureisapersonalmatter.Thekeyisthat it􀆳smoretowardcoolthanhot.Manyconsider68degreesan environmentthat􀆳sneithersocoldweshivernorsohotwe sweat.Butthere􀆳snoscientificevidenceforanexact,perfect sleepingtemperature.(确切的温度是个人问题。关键是它更 倾向于冷而不是热。许多人认为68度的环境既不会冷到让 人发抖,也不会热到让人出汗。但是没有科学证据证明一个 精确的、完美的睡眠温度。)”阐述了睡觉放松时人们皮肤温 度会升高,凉爽的环境有助于提高睡眠质量;在文章最后一 段“Attheendoftheday,sleepisabsolutelycrucialforso manyreasons.Ithelpsusrepairandrejuvenatesowecan fightinfection,concentrate,regulateourmoods,showupfor ourselvesandthepeopleinourlives,andbasicalyfunctionas humans.Wecan􀆳tmakeuplostsleep,contrarytowhatmany anightowlmightthink.So,it􀆳srealyhightimeweshould doalwecantofosterthebestsleeppossible,startingwitha coolroomandrelaxingbedtimeroutine.(归根结底,出于多种 原因,睡眠绝对至关重要。它帮助我们修复和恢复活力,这 样我们就可以对抗感染,集中注意力,调节我们的情绪,为自 己和我们生活中的人出现,并且基本上像人类一样 发 挥 作 用。我们无法弥补失去的睡眠,这与许 多 夜 猫 子 的 想 法 相 反。所以,现在真的是时候了,我们应该尽我们所能来促进 最好的睡眠,从凉爽的房间和放松的就寝时间开始。)”作者 阐述良好睡眠的诸多益处,并且指出失去的睡眠是无法弥补 的;并对自己的观点进行总结:从现在开始养成良好的习惯, 从凉爽的房间和放松的就寝习惯开始;由此可知,本文为总 ———分———总结构,其中第二段阐述了养成良好的睡前让自 己放松的一些习惯并严格执行有助于提高睡眠质量;第三、 四段阐述了凉爽的温度有助于提高睡眠质量;A选项符合文 章结构。故选A。 B 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新的研究发 现富含水果和蔬菜的饮食,每天喝一杯酒,可以保护大脑免受 痴呆症的侵害。介绍了研究开展的过程以及SusanMitchel博 士对此研究的看法。 3.C 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 一 段“Adietrichinfruitand vegetablesandincorporatingadailyglassofwinecanprotect thebrainagainstdementia,astudysuggests.Stickingclosely toMediterraneaneatinghabits,whichalsoincludeplentyof nuts,seafood,wholegrainsandoliveoil,hasbeenlinkedto a23percentlowerriskofdementia.(一项研究表明,富含水 果和蔬菜的饮食,每天喝一杯酒,可以保护大脑免受痴呆症 的侵害。坚持地中海饮食习惯,包括大量的坚果、海鲜、全谷 物和橄榄油,可以将患痴呆症的风险降低23%)”可知第一段 引出文章关于新研究发现降低痴呆症风险的可能策略;第二 段“Basedondatagatheredon60,000peopleviatheUK Biobank,amedicaldatabasesetupin2006,theresearchers scoredparticipants􀆳dietsforhowcloselytheymatchedthe idealMediterraneandietontwoscales.(根据2006年建立的 英国生物银行收集的6万人的数据,研究人员从两个方面对 参与者的饮食与理想地中海饮食的匹配程度进行了评分)” 总述研究开展的方式;第三段“Usingone,thosewhoseeating habitswerethebestmatchwere23percentlesslikelyto developdementiathanthosewhosedietsleastfitthepattern. (使用一种方法,饮食习惯最匹配的人患痴呆症的可能性比 饮食习惯 最 不 匹 配 的 人 低23%)”以 及 第 四 段“Thesecond scaleusedsimilarcriteriaandaclosematchonthatwas linkedtoa14percentlowerriskofdementia.(第二个量表使 用了类似 的 标 准,与 之 接 近 的 人 患 痴 呆 症 的 风 险 降 低 了 14%)”为第二段的分论点,具体阐述研究过程;最后一段是 SusanMitchel对此研究的看法。可推知,C选项最符合文 章结构。故选C。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —492— 考点9 【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章通过说明窒息是怎样发 生的以及窒息可能会危及生命,呼吁照顾孩子的人学习一些 急救知识。 A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Takethetimenow tobecomepreparedCPRandfirst-aidcoursesareamustfor parentothercaregivers,andbabysitters.(现在花点时间学习 CPR,急救课程是父母、照顾孩子的人和保姆所必须的。)”可 知,这篇文章是写给父母看的。故选A。 高考预测练(十六) 阅读理解之猜测词义 考点1 1.A 词句猜测题。由文章第五段“Theconceptofbypassing groundtransportationbyairisn􀆳tnew.Helicoptertaxiservice alreadyexistsincitieslikeNew York,whereaflightcan sometimesbecomparabletoorcheaperthanthecostofa ride-sharefromanairportintoManhattan.(通过空运地面运 输的概念并不新鲜。直升机出租车服务已经在纽约等城市 存在,在那里,航班有时可以与从机场到曼哈顿的拼车费用 相当或便宜。)”可以推测,bypassing应该表示“绕过,避免” 的意思。故选A项。 2.B 词 句 猜 测 题。根 据 画 线 词 所 在 句“Sperm whaleshave complex social groups....For two decades,scientists documentedtwospermwhalegroups,capturingtheirclicking sounds.Aftermanualydecodingsomesounds,theyturnedto AIforfastertranslation....individualwhalesfromasubset ofsounds.Next,theirambitiousgoalistotrainacomputerto speakwhale.(抹香鲸有复杂的社会群体。……二十年来,科 学家们记录了两个抹香鲸群,捕捉到它们的咔哒声。在手动 解码一些声音后,他们转向人工智能来加快翻译速度。…… 从声音子集中()单个鲸鱼。接下来,他们雄心勃勃的目标是 训练一台计算机说鲸鱼语。)”可知,该团队利用AI来将个体 抹香鲸(的声音)与一个子集的声音分辨开来,由此可知,discern 意为“识别”,与B项“Recognize”意思接近。故选B项。 3.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段“Ireceivedafloodofemails andmessages.(我收到了大量的电子邮件和信息。)”可知,作 者下飞机后收到了大量的电子邮件和信息,由此可推测出, 这篇文章被指出错误所带来的后果非常迅速而强烈。falout 意为“后果”与 A项:Consequence(结果,后果)意思最接近。 故选A。 4.D 词 句 猜 测 题。根 据 画 线 词 所 在 句 “Expertsinthe LjubljanaManifestorecordthedemeritsofdigitalreading: ‘Recentstudiesofvariouskindsindicateadeclineofcritical andconsciousreading,slowreading,non-strategicreading andlong-formreading.’(《卢布尔雅那宣言》的专家们记录 了数字阅读的demerits:‘最近各种各样的研究表明,批判性 阅读、有意识阅读、慢读、非战略性阅读和长篇阅读的数量正 在下 降。’)”中“adeclineofcriticalandconsciousreading, slowreading,non-strategicreadingandlong-formreading”可 知,这些都是数字阅读盛行带来的问题和弊端,所以划线词 demerits与drawbacks同义,意为“缺点,弊端 ”。故选D项。 考点2 1.D 词义猜测题。根据“Ifyouwanttoloseweight,thekeyis todevelopacaloricdeficitinwhichyouburncaloriesmore thanwhatyou􀆳reconsuming.(如果你想减肥,关键是要养成 热量不足的习惯,在这种情况下,你燃烧的卡路里要多于你 摄入的卡路里)”以及划线处前“Buteatinghighcaloriefatty foodregularlycanmakethisa(但是经常吃高热量、高脂肪的 食物会使这种情况发生)”but表示转折,可知,经常吃高热量 高脂 肪 的 食 物 会 让 减 肥 变 得 很 困 难。画 线 处 和 D 项: Chalenge(挑战)含义相近。故选D。 2.A 词义 猜 测 题。根 据 第 一 段 最 后 一 句“Herclass,which beganasanelectiveclasstogivestudentsexposuretoskils thatpreparethemforcolege,hasbecometheclasson campusthatcreateswinners.(她的课最初是一门选修课,旨 在让学生接触到为上大学做准备的技能,现在已经成为校园 里培养赢家的课程。)”和最后一段“‘Iwantthemtojusthave thememoryofmakingitthrough,succeedinginaplacelike thatandexpressingastorythatleavesthatplacebetter’Anna says.(安娜说:‘我希望他们能记住在这样的地方自己度过难 关,取得成功,并表达一个让那个地方变得更好的故事的记 忆。’)”由此可推断画线词thatplace指的是 Anna上辩论课 的地方,Anne的课堂,故选A。 3.D 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Ienjoyedit,butonce,I behaveddifferentlyandlefthome.(我很喜欢,但有一次,我 表现得不一样,离开了家)”,以及画线词的下文“myfamily traditionthatsummer(那年夏天我的家庭传统)”可推知,此 处指上文提到的作者在那年夏天没有遵循以往的家庭传统, 而是独自一人去旅行,revoltagainst意思应该是“反抗,不遵 循”,与disobey意思相近。故选D项。 4.D 词句猜测题。根据画线词“wasexercise”以及后文“The ideathathealthandexercisewerelinked‘wasn􀆳ttheaccepted factthatweknowtoday’,saysNickWareham,aprofessor ofepidemiologyatCambridgeUniversity.Someevenfeltthat ‘toomuchphysicalactivitywasabadthingforyourhealth’. Minersandfarmerswhodidphysicalexercisealsosuffered fromvariousdiseasesanddiedyoung.(剑桥大学流行病学教 授NickWareham表示,健康和运动有关的观点‘在当时并不 是我们今天所知道的公认事实’。一些人甚至认为‘过多的 体育活动对你的健康有害’。从事体育锻炼的矿工和农民也 会患上各种疾病,英年早逝)”可知,当时认为锻炼会对健康 有害,即锻炼没有引起研究人员的注 意。故 划 线 词 意 思 是 “引起研究人员的注意”。故选D。 考点3 1.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Californiaisspeedingup thelaunchofitsrobotaxi.(加利福尼亚州正在加快推出其自 动驾驶出租车。)”和“Lastweek,Californiaofficialsvotedto removemostrestrictionsforthetwoleadingself-drivingcar companies,WaymoandCruise,lettingthemchargeforrides anywhereinthecity24/7.(上周,加州官员投票决定取消对 Waymo和Cruise这两家领先的自动驾驶汽车公司的大部分 限制,允许他们在城市的任何地方全天候收费。)”可知,加利 福尼亚州加快推出自动驾驶出租车,解除了对自动驾驶汽车 的大部分限制,由此可推测出,this指代前文内容,在这里表 示自动驾驶出租车即将在加利福尼亚州全力前进。故选C。 2.A 词 句 猜 测 题。根 据 第 三 段 中 的 “CelOT isa groundbreakingapproachthatidentifiesthedistinctreactions individualcelswithinalargerpopulationcanhavetoadrug. Theaverageresponseofacel populationoftendoesnot capturethefulcomplexityofhowcertaintumorcelssurvive ordevelopresistancetodrugs.(cellot是 一 种 突 破 性 的 方 法,可以识别更大群体中的单个细胞对药物的不同反应。细 胞群对于药物的平均反应通常不能反映某些肿瘤细胞如何 生存或产生耐药性的全部复杂性)”可知,“CelOTaddresses this”指的是CelOT能解决前人解决不了的问题,即上文的 “找出组 成 群 体 的 每 个 细 胞 对 药 物 的 不 同 反 应”,也 就 是 “variousresponsesofacelpopulationtodrugs”。故选A。 3.B 词 句 猜 测 题。根 据 划 线 词 后 文 “Elephantsknow unguardedroadsaredangerous.(大象知道无人看守的道路 很危险。)”可知,大象知道无人看守的道路很危险,说明无守 卫道路是优先偷猎的地点。故划线词指的是“无守卫的道 路”。故选B。 4.C 词句猜测题。“Thatwaspartofthepoint”这句话的意思 是“那正是(我们引入 AI的)部分目的”。在行文中,that一 般代 指 其 上 文 所 说 的 事 物 或 事 情。结 合 上 文 “Oneof Fringe􀆳sbigshowsusedasmalrobottocomeupwithjokes fromaudiences􀆳suggestions,whichwerethenperformedby humans.Theresultscouldbeveryfunny,butsometimesthey weren􀆳tfunnyatal.(《边缘》的一个大型节目使用一个小型 机器人根据观众的建议想出笑话,然后由人类表演。结果可 能非常有趣,但有时它们一点也不有趣)”可知,机器人的笑 话有时并不好笑导致公司引入 AI。由此可知,that指代“机 器人的笑话有时不好笑”。故选C。 5.B 词句猜测题。that指代上文提到的事情,根据第四段中 “researchedonthesciencebehindhowhorrormoviesarein manywaysidealasaspecificvehicleformeetingthisneedto bescared(研究了恐怖电影恐怖电影是满足恐惧需求的理想 载体背后的科学原理)”可知,That指代上文内容“thisneed tobescared(对害怕这一情绪的需求)”,故选B项。 考点4 1.D 词句猜测题。根据前面三段讲述的 AnthonyPerry在火 车站英勇救助跌落在铁轨上的受害者,以及画线词 的 上 文 “Theeveningnewsreportedtheincident.Afterafriendouted himtothemedia(晚间新闻报道了这一事件。在一个朋友向 媒体透露他之后)”可推知,观众在知道是 AnthonyPerry做 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —592— 出这样英勇无私的举动后,应该会非常敬佩这位英雄。由此 推知,画线句意思应该是Perry成了芝加哥受欢迎和尊敬的 人。故选D项。 2.B 词句猜测题。根据画线句的句意“Butthere􀆳smoretothe finishedproductsthanthe moneytheybringtosomeone down-and-out.(但是成品不仅仅是给那些穷困潦倒的人带来 的钱)”和其后边句子“He􀆳sdiscoveredthatthebuyerstend toconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,finding similaritiesandoftenfriendship withsomeonethey might haveotherwiseoverlookedorstereotyped(刻板印象).(他发 现,买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来,找到他们可能 忽略或刻板印象中的人物的相似之处并和他们建立友谊)” 得知,画的价值不仅在于会给穷困潦倒的画的主人公带来一 些财富,购买画的人往往会与画中的人物故事产生共鸣,甚 至与其成为朋友。这些画改变了买画人对待无家可归人们 的态度,肖像画或许会给买画人带来除了画以外更 多 的 东 西。故选B。 3.B 句意猜测题。根据第二段“Myclassmateswouldbecrazy aboutthelatest HarryPotterbook,while mycopysat colectingdustonashelf.Instead,Iwouldchoosetoread throughthereferencebooksrelatedto mydisciplinesfor bettergrades.(我的同学们会为最新的《哈利波特》而疯狂, 而我的那本却在书架上积满了灰尘。相反,我会选择阅读与 我的学科相关的参考书,以获得更好的成绩)”可知,作者儿 时对阅读小说不感兴趣,故划线句意思是“作者从小就对小 说缺乏热情”。故选B。 4.D 词 句 猜 测 题。根 据 第 三 段 第 二、三 句 话 “Chinese companies􀆳directinvestmentinthecountryreached$8.23 bilionin2022,ayear-on-yearjumpof160percent,reaching arecordhighandrankingasthesecond-largestsourceof foreigninvestmentinIndonesiaUSinvestmentbankGoldman SachsalsoforecastedinareportthatIndonesiawilbecome theworld􀆳sfourth-largesteconomyby2050Toturnsuch rosyprospectsintoreality.(2022年,中国企业对印尼的直接 投资达到82.3亿美元,同比增长160%,创历史新高,成为印 尼第二大外国投资来源。美国投资银行高盛也在一份报告 中预测,到2050年,印尼将成为世界第四大经济体)”可知, 中国企业对印尼的投资已经成为第二大外国投资来源。而 且印尼即将成为世界第四大经济体,所以中国企业正争先恐 后地将产品、管理团队和营销策略更好地本地化,以及吸引 当地的消费者。所以划线的句子可用“提高其市场份额并吸 引印尼消费者”来代替。故选D。 高考预测练(十七) 阅读理解之应用文 A 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年感恩节在 新奥尔巴尼举行的2023年“感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑”活动 的相关信息。 1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Asalways,100%ofour netproceedsgotohelpthoseinneed.(一如既往,我们100% 的净收益将用于帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知,感谢给予4 英里和儿童短跑是一个慈善活动。故选B。 2.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thetopthreemale andfemalefinishersineachofthefolowingagegroupswil receiveapumpkin(南瓜)pie(以下年龄组的前三名男女选手 将获得一个南瓜派)”可知,在他的年龄组中排名第二的人一 定会赢得一个南瓜派。故选B。 3.C 推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 二 段 中 的“Registrationendson November22,2023.(登记截止日期为2023年11月22日)” 可推知,参加活动需要提前登记。故选C。 B 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种曾经广 泛使用但现在被视为死亡的语言———古诺尔斯语、中古英语、 匈牙利语和古希腊语。 4.A 细节理解题。根据OldNorse的“OldNorsewasspoken andwrittenbytheVikingsfromaboutthe7thcentury.(古斯 堪的纳维亚语大约从7世纪开始由维京人使用。)”可知,维 京人说的语言是古斯堪的纳维亚语。故选A。 5.B 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 MiddleEnglish的“MiddleEnglish gavewaytomodernEnglish.(中世纪英语让位给现代英语。) ”可知,中古英语的消失是因为现代英语取代了中世纪英语。 故选B。 6.D 细节理解题。根据 AncientGreek的“Morethan4,000 yearsago,theGreeksspokeanadvancedlanguageknown todayasAncientGreek,anddevelopedthefirstalphabet. Indeed,theEnglishword‘alphabet’istakenfromthefirst twolettersoftheGreekalphabet:alphaandbeta.(4000多年 前,希腊人说一种先进的语言,今天被称为古希腊语,并开发 了第一个字母表。事实上,英语单词‘alphabet’就是取自希 腊字母表的前两个单词alpha和beta。)”可知,单词Alphabet 来自古希腊语。故选D。 C 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。该文章介绍了四个适合小 镇旅行的目的地:美国俄勒冈州的麦克敏维尔,秘鲁的奥廉泰 坦博,印度的曼达瓦和澳大利亚的洛恩。这些地方都有其独特 的吸引力,可以为成人周末旅行或环球旅行增添色彩。 7.A 细节理解题。根据McMinnvile,Oregon部分中“Winery tastingrooms,aquaintdowntownandboutiquehotelsmake thiscitysouthwestofPortlandanaturaldestinationforan adults-onlyweekendgetaway.(酿酒厂的品酒室,古色古香的 市中心和精品酒店使这座位于波特兰西南部的城市成为一 个只有成年人才能享受周末度假的自然目的地。)”可知,在 俄勒冈州的麦克明维尔,你可以参观葡萄酒厂的品酒室,这 意味着你可以尝试各种各样的葡萄酒。故选A。 8.B 细节理解题。根据 Mandawa,India部分中“Thissmal townwasapartoftheancientSilkRoadtradinggateway betweenChinaandtheMiddleEast,Today,it􀆳sfiledwith frescos,havelis(multistorybuildingswithcourtyards)and walpaintingsthathavetransformeditintoanopen-airart galery.(这个小镇是古代丝绸之路的一部分,是中国和中东 之间的贸易门户。今天,这里到处都是壁画、带有庭院的多 层建筑和壁画,这些壁画已经把它变成了一个露天 艺 术 画 廊。)”可知,在此处可以欣赏到古代的多层建筑和壁画,故此 地适合喜欢古代艺术的人。故选B。 9.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Newstweek􀆳sFastWomen recommendthesesmaltownswholeheartedly—fromourown travels,oronthetrustedadviceofclosefriends.(《新闻周刊 ———快女人》真心实意地推荐了这些小镇———从我们自己的 旅行中,或者从亲密朋友的可靠建议中。)”以及通读全文可 知,文章是《新闻周刊———快女人》部分中推荐了四个适合小 镇旅行的目的地,《新闻周刊———快女人》为一本杂志,故推 断文章出自于一个旅游杂志。故选A。 D 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是四个山顶区瀑 布步道的相关情况。 10.B 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 LumsdaleFals部 分 的“Thearea includesmany17th-centurymil (磨 坊)buildingswhich usedtobepoweredbythenearbyrivers,andtheancient ruinscreateatimelessatmosphereinthebeautifulLumsdale Valey.(该地区包括许多17世纪的磨坊建筑,这些建筑曾 经由附近的河流提供动力,古老的废墟在美丽的Lumsdale 山谷中营造了一种永恒的氛围。)”可知,Lumsdale瀑布的氛 围是历史性的,故选B。 11.D 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 RivelinValey部 分 的“Makesure youpackyourcamerawhenyouvisitthiswaterfalinthe RivelinValey,asit􀆳soneofthemostpicturesquespotsin thePeakDistrict.(当你在河谷里参观这个瀑布时,一定要 带上相机,因为它是山 顶 区 最 风 景 如 画 的 景 点 之 一。)”可 知,要对摄影爱好者推荐的是RivelinValey。故选D。 12.A 推 理 判 断 题。通 读 全 文,尤 其 是 第 一 段 的“ThePeak DistrictNationalParkoffersbeautifulsceneryforhiking. Oneexcitingattractionistheregion􀆳s waterfals.We􀆳ve pickedoutfourofthemostbreathtakingwaterfal walks; visitjustoneortickoffalofthemasyoudiscoverthePeak District.(山顶区国家公园为徒步旅行提供了美丽的风景。 该地区的瀑布是一个令人兴奋的景点。我们挑选了四条最 令人叹为观止的瀑布步道;当你发现山顶区时,只参观其中 一个或勾选所有的景点。)”可知,本文主要介绍的是四个山 顶区瀑布步道的相关情况,因此可以在旅游指南上发现这 篇文章。故选A。 高考预测练(十八) 阅读七选五 A 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对文章的要点进 行简要概述的方法步骤。 1.C 上文“Forexample,whenyou􀆳rewritinganacademictext likeanessay,aresearchpaper,oradissertation(学 位 论 文),you􀆳lintegratesourcesinavarietyofways.(例如,当你 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 —692—