Unit 5 On the road 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语外研版2019必修第二册

Unit 5 On the road教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、根据首字母单词拼写 (本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) 1．He guided us round the g , pointing out the most famous paintings in the collection. 2．The driver managed to escape from the v and shouted a warning. 3．They checked in their l and found seats in the departure lounge. 4．He travelled alone the whole c of Africa from east to west. 5．The teacher examined the students on the p lesson. 6．The r desert is accessible only by helicopter. 7．They said goodbye to him as he got a the train at the station. 8．Smoke and flames came out of the v as it erupted. 9．I wonder if you can keep me company to enjoy the fascinating l in the country? 10．The school had to cut extracurricular programs due to a limited b , prioritizing essential academic expenses. 11．The p owner of the house left some old furniture in the attic, which was a headache to the present owner. 12．This newly-built park has become one of the most popular tourist d . 13．I can’t take all the c for the show’s success--it was a team effort. 14．The company faced a crisis í product recalls and customer complaints. ( to include something) 15．With boarding passes in their hands, the exhausted passengers went a the plane. 16．He caught a cold due to the d drop of the temperature of the weather. 17．The trains provided cheap travel for the m . 18．Every passenger should arrive at the airport in advance because the check-in counter is usually closed at least 30 minutes before f departure. 19．One of the best-known differences between British and American English is that the sport known as football in Great Britain is usually called s in the United States. 20．As a lot of countries are facing the problem of an ageing society, they are taking measures to put off the r age of men from 60 to 65. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词 (本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) 1．Cusco is a popular (目的地) for tourists, because of its unique place in the history of South America. 2．These (火山) are not just a part of the islands, but actually made the islands. 3．My last bit of advice is that you should get copies of p (以前的) exams and revise them. 4．The bus pulled in, and we climbed a (上车). 5．He bought a beautiful s (纪念品) to remind him of his trip to Paris. 6．The l (风景) of villages often includes traditional farmhouses, winding rivers and ancient trees. 7．Due to the tight (预算), we had to cancel the team-building trip and organize a simple gathering in the office instead. 8．To his wife’s delight, he has (停止) smoking as the doctor suggested. 9．The robbers drove off in a stolen (车辆). 10．She decided to take a different approach after considering the results of the (先前的) attempts. 11．He had been (寻求) for religious belief from an early age. 12．It is known to all that there are seven (大洲) on the earth. 13．We bought a new car on _______ (信贷)． 14．This produced a _______(连锁) reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 15．I wish to make a suggestion about starting a school art (画廊). 16．The (英式足球) match had to be postponed because of heavy rain. 17．A (大量) of books covered every surface in the room. 18．Nowadays, more and more people are dedicated to helping the poor in the (遥远的) areas. 19．The family was excited to board their (航班) to Hawaii for their long-awaited vacation. 20．There is room for one more piece of l (行李). 三、完成句子 (本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．她把自己的成功归功于努力和好运。 She her success hard work and good luck. 2．他打破了沉寂，宣布：“参加艺术比赛的截止日期是明天。” He interrupted the silence : “The deadline to enter for the Art Competition is tomorrow.” 3．他们发出了出人意料的响亮的声音。 They . 4．我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。(only if 引导状语从句放句首) I have enough money to go to school. 5．毫无疑问，这个男孩正是我们要找的人。 the boy is just the one we are looking for. 6．正是她的友善和责任感让我们尊重她。（强调句） her friendliness and make us respect her. 7．研究表明，忙于课外活动的学生比不怎么参加课外活动的学生更开心。（engage） A study shows the students after-school activities are happier than those who are not. 8．I pointed at (坐在离我位置最近的男孩), who is the tallest boy in our class. 9．People who work from home have a clear boundary between work and personal life. (用非谓语动词（短语）改写句子) People have a clear boundary between work and personal life. 10． The old photo album (属于) my grandmother holds memories of her youth. 11．由于沟通不畅产生的问题往往难以解决，尤其是当人们拒绝坦诚讨论的机会时。 Problems poor communication are often hard to fix, especially if people to discuss them openly. 12．我去书店的路上，在一个十字路口等绿灯，这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆驶过的车撞倒了，车辆迅速开走了。 I was on my way to the bookstore and a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. 13．一到达山顶，我们立刻被这里美丽的风景深深地吸引住。 Once on the top of the hill, we the beautiful scenery. 14．The language, which is made up of ancient dialects and modern vocabulary, reflects the region’s history. (同义转换) The language, ancient dialects and modern vocabulary, reflects the region’s history. 15．包括急救箱在内的一切必需品都准备好了，他们按计划出发了。（状语从句的省略） All the necessary items including the first-aid kit prepared, they hit the road . 16．尽管忙于学习，你最好留些时间参加户外活动. (状语从句的省略) , you had better set aside some time to participate in some outdoor activities. 17．这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。 The temple has a long history to the early period of the Tang Dynasty. 18．直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was. 19．It is located in the west of Hangzhou and covers an area of 11.5 square kilometers.(用现在分词作状语结构升级) 20．The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, and it plays an important role in protecting our environment. (用which引导的定语从句升级句子) 1 / 14学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 On the road教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 一、根据首字母单词拼写 (本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) 1．He guided us round the g , pointing out the most famous paintings in the collection. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】gallery 【详解】考查名词。句意：他带领我们参观了美术馆，指出了藏品中最著名的画作。根据单词首字母以及句意“美术馆”以及上文定冠词the，可知应填名词gallery，此处表示单数概念，在句中作介词round的宾语。故填gallery。 2．The driver managed to escape from the v and shouted a warning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】vehicle 【详解】考查名词。句意：司机设法从车辆中逃了出来，并大声警告。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词vehicle“车辆”，作介词from的宾语，此处特指司机所在的那辆车，应用名词单数形式。故填vehicle。 3．They checked in their l and found seats in the departure lounge. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】luggage 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们把行李存放在行李寄存处，然后在候机厅找到了座位。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用不可数名词luggage，作宾语，故填luggage。 4．He travelled alone the whole c of Africa from east to west. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】continent 【详解】考查名词。句意：他独自一人从东到西游历了整个非洲大陆。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为名词continent“大陆”作宾语，用单数。故填continent。 5．The teacher examined the students on the p lesson. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】previous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师考查了学生们上一节课的内容。此处需用形容词修饰名词lesson，根据首字母“p”及句意可知，此处为previous表示“以前的，上一个的”，符合句意。故填previous。 6．The r desert is accessible only by helicopter. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】remote 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有直升机才能到达这片偏远的沙漠。根据单词首字母以及句意“偏远的”可知，空格处应用单词“remote”，意为“偏远的”，为形容词，作定语。故填remote。 7．They said goodbye to him as he got a the train at the station. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】aboard 【详解】考查介词。句意：当他在火车站上火车时，他们向他道别。根据said goodbye to him以及the train at the station可知，此处表示在他上火车时，向他道别，空处应用介词aboard，意为“在（船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等）上”，get aboard为固定短语，意为“上车”。故填aboard。 8．Smoke and flames came out of the v as it erupted. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】volcano 【详解】考查名词。句意：火山喷发时，烟雾和火焰从火山中喷出。根据“Smoke and flames came out”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词volcano，意为“火山”，此处特指喷发的那座火山，应用名词单数形式。故填volcano。 9．I wonder if you can keep me company to enjoy the fascinating l in the country? (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】landscape 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想知道你是否可以陪我一起欣赏这个国家迷人的风景？根据单词首字母及句意“风景”及空前的enjoy the fascinating可知应填名词形式landscape，作宾语，故填landscape。 10．The school had to cut extracurricular programs due to a limited b , prioritizing essential academic expenses. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】budget 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于预算有限，学校不得不削减课外活动项目，优先保障基本的学术开支。根据首字母b以及“The school had to cut extracurricular programs”可知，此处表示“预算”，用名词budget，作due to的宾语，由a可知，用单数。故填budget。 11．The p owner of the house left some old furniture in the attic, which was a headache to the present owner. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】previous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这所房子的前任主人在阁楼里留下了一些旧家具，这让现在的主人很头疼。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词previous“先前的”，修饰名词owner，作定语。故填previous。 12．This newly-built park has become one of the most popular tourist d . (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】destinations 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个新建的公园已成为最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。one of + the +形容词最高级+复数名词。根据首字母提示及句意，用名词destination，表示“目的地”之意。故填destinations。 13．I can’t take all the c for the show’s success--it was a team effort. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】 credit 【详解】考查名词。句意：我不能把演出的成功都归功于自己 —— 这是团队努力的结果。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾语，应使用名词形式。根据后文“it was a team effort(这是团队努力的结果)”以及前文“can’t take all the...(不能把所有的……)” 可推断出此处是说不能把所有的“功劳”都归于自己，结合首字母提示，以字母 c 开头且表示 “功劳、荣誉”等类似含义的名词为：credit，故填 credit。 14．The company faced a crisis í product recalls and customer complaints. ( to include something) (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】involving 【详解】考查动词。句意：该公司面临着一场涉及产品召回和客户投诉的危机。根据to include something“包括某物”及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词involve“涉及，包含”。本句谓语为faced，此处为非谓语动词，且crisis与involve为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语，修饰crisis。故填involving。 15．With boarding passes in their hands, the exhausted passengers went a the plane. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】aboard 【详解】考查介词。句意：疲惫的乘客手里拿着登机牌上了飞机。根据单词首字母和句意“登上（飞机）”可知，此处应用介词aboard和后文名词构成介词短语。故填aboard。 16．He caught a cold due to the d drop of the temperature of the weather. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】dramatic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于天气急剧降温，他感冒了。根据句意及“drop”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，dramatic作形容词，表示“急剧的，突然的”，符合句意。故填dramatic。 17．The trains provided cheap travel for the m .(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】masses 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：火车为群众提供了廉价的旅行。根据单词首字母和句意“群众”及前文for the可知，此处应用名词mass作宾语，根据句意，用复数。故填masses。 18．Every passenger should arrive at the airport in advance because the check-in counter is usually closed at least 30 minutes before f departure. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】flight 【详解】考查名词。句意：旅客应该提前到达机场，因为办理登机手续的柜台通常会在航班起飞前至少三十分钟关闭。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作定语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是flight和departure构成固定搭配：flight departure意为“航班起飞”。故填flight。 19．One of the best-known differences between British and American English is that the sport known as football in Great Britain is usually called s in the United States. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】soccer 【详解】考查名词。句意：英式英语和美式英语之间最为人所熟知的区别之一是，在英国被称为足球的运动在美国通常被称为英式足球。根据上文“the sport known as football in Great Britain(在英国被称为足球的运动)”以及下文“in the United States(在美国)”可推理出空白处应填表示“英式足球”含义的名词，结合首字母提示，故填soccer。 20．As a lot of countries are facing the problem of an ageing society, they are taking measures to put off the r age of men from 60 to 65. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】retirement 【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：由于许多国家正面临老龄化社会的问题，他们正在采取措施将男性的退休年龄从60岁推迟到65岁。空处用作定语，修饰age。根据句意，这里表示退休年龄。retirement意为“退休”，为名词，可作定语修饰age。retire意为“（使）退休”，为动词，可用其现在分词的一般式retiring作定语，修饰age。故填retirement或retiring。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词 (本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) 1．Cusco is a popular (目的地) for tourists, because of its unique place in the history of South America. 【答案】destination 【详解】考查名词。句意：库斯科是受游客欢迎的目的地，因为它在南美历史上的独特地位。此处为名词作表语，根据汉语提示“目的地”，对应的名词是destination，由空前的不定冠词“a”可知，此处应用单数形式，符合句意。故填destination。 2．These (火山) are not just a part of the islands, but actually made the islands. 【答案】volcanoes 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这些火山不仅仅是岛屿的一部分，实际上是它们造就了这些岛屿。“These（这些）”表明其后所接名词应为复数形式，“火山”的英文“volcano”，其复数形式为“volcanoes”，作主语。故填volcanoes。 3．My last bit of advice is that you should get copies of (以前的) exams and revise them. 【答案】previous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我最后的一点建议是，你应该拿一些以前的考试试卷复印件来复习。根据汉语提示和首字母p以及空格后的名词exams可知，空格处应该用形容词previous“以前的”作定语，修饰其后的名词exams。故填previous。 4．The bus pulled in, and we climbed a (上车). 【答案】aboard 【详解】考查副词。句意：公交车缓缓驶入，我们便上了车。所填词作状语修饰动词climbed，要用副词。aboard是副词，表示“上车”，符合题干要求。故填aboard。 5．He bought a beautiful s (纪念品) to remind him of his trip to Paris. 【答案】souvenir 【详解】考查名词。句意：他买了一个漂亮的纪念品，以提醒他自己的巴黎之旅。根据首字母s及汉语提示“纪念品”可知，本空用名词souvenir，结合不定冠词a可知，本空用单数形式，作bought的宾语。故填souvenir。 6．The l (风景) of villages often includes traditional farmhouses, winding rivers and ancient trees. 【答案】landscape 【详解】考查名词。句意：村庄的景观通常包括传统的农舍、蜿蜒的河流和古树。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词landscape“风景”作主语，满足句意要求。故填landscape。 7．Due to the tight (预算), we had to cancel the team-building trip and organize a simple gathering in the office instead. 【答案】budget 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于预算紧张，我们不得不取消团建旅行，转而在办公室组织一次简单的聚会。根据汉语提示“预算”可知，此处应用名词budget作介词to的宾语，此处budget为不可数名词。故填budget。 8．To his wife’s delight, he has (停止) smoking as the doctor suggested. 【答案】quitted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：令他妻子高兴的是，他已经按照医生的建议戒烟了。因句子表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，根据汉语提示“停止”可知应填动词quit的过去分词quitted。故填quitted。 9．The robbers drove off in a stolen (车辆). 【答案】vehicle 【详解】考查名词。句意：强盗们驾驶着一辆偷来的车逃走了。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用名词vehicle，表示“车辆”，作介词in的宾语，且空前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填vehicle。 10．She decided to take a different approach after considering the results of the (先前的) attempts. 【答案】previous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：考虑到之前尝试的结果，她决定采取不同的方法。根据汉语提示“先前的”以及下文名词attempts可知，此处应填形容词previous作定语，修饰名词attempts。故填previous。 11．He had been (寻求) for religious belief from an early age. 【答案】questing 【详解】考查动词。句意：他从小就一直在寻找宗教信仰。表示“寻求”使用动词quest，空处使用现在分词和前面的had been构成现在完成进行时，故填questing。 12．It is known to all that there are seven (大洲) on the earth. 【答案】continents 【详解】考查名词复数。 句意：众所周知地球上有七大洲。根据中文提示“大洲”对应的英文是可数名词continent， seven后接名词复数作主语。故填continents。 13．We bought a new car on _______ (信贷)． 【答案】credit 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们赊购了一辆新车。根据汉语提示“信贷”可知，本空用名词credit，作介词on的宾语，故填credit。 14．This produced a _______(连锁) reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 【答案】chain 【详解】考查名词。句意：这产生了一个连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。根据汉语提示“连锁”可知，此处应用名词chain，作定语，修饰名词reaction。故填chain。 15．I wish to make a suggestion about starting a school art (画廊). 【答案】gallery 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想提一个关于开办学校美术馆的建议。根据汉语提示可知应用名词gallery，不定冠词提示用单数。故填gallery。 16．The (英式足球) match had to be postponed because of heavy rain. 【答案】soccer 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于下大雨，足球比赛不得不延期。根据汉语提示可知用名词soccer，作定语修饰名词match。故填soccer。 17．A (大量) of books covered every surface in the room. 【答案】mass 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：房间里到处都堆满了一大堆书。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为固定短语a mass of“大量的”修饰books，满足句意要求。故填mass。 18．Nowadays, more and more people are dedicated to helping the poor in the (遥远的) areas. 【答案】remote 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，越来越多的人致力于帮助偏远地区的穷人。根据汉语提示“遥远的”可知，正确的单词是remote，形容词作定语修饰名词areas。故填remote。 19．The family was excited to board their (航班) to Hawaii for their long-awaited vacation. 【答案】flight 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家人很高兴登上飞往夏威夷的航班，开始他们期待已久的假期。根据汉语提示可知，这里应用flight，为可数名词。根据The family was excited to board their可知，这里是一家人乘坐的一趟航班，应用名词单数作宾语。故填flight。 20．There is room for one more piece of l (行李). 【答案】luggage 【详解】考查名词。句意：还有地方再放一件行李。luggage是不可数名词。故答案为luggage. 三、完成句子 (本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 1．She her success hard work and good luck. 她把自己的成功归功于努力和好运。 【答案】 credits to 【详解】考查动词短语、时态及主谓一致。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“把……归功于……”的英文表达，应为动词短语“credit...to...”，结合语境，句子描述的是她对自己成功的一种认知，应用一般现在时，主语She为第三人称单数，所以credit用第三人称单数形式。故填①credits；②to。 2．他打破了沉寂，宣布：“参加艺术比赛的截止日期是明天。” He interrupted the silence : “The deadline to enter for the Art Competition is tomorrow.” 【答案】announcing/ with an announcement 【详解】考查非谓语动词/介词短语。“宣布”使用动词announce，句中已有谓语interrupted，空处作非谓语动词，announce与逻辑主语He之间是主动关系，所以空处应用现在分词形式announcing作状语；或者，“宣布”使用名词announcement，使用“with + 名词”结构可表示伴随情况，说明“他用一个公告/宣布打破了沉寂”。故填announcing/ with an announcement。 3．他们发出了出人意料的响亮的声音。 They . 【答案】let out a surprisingly loud voice 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“发出（声音）”用动词短语let out；“声音”用名词voice作宾语；“响亮的”用形容词loud，作定语修饰名词voice；“出人意料地”用副词surprisingly，作状语修饰形容词loud，表示出乎意料的程度，surprisingly是辅音音素开头的单词，前面使用不定冠词a；句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填let out a surprisingly loud voice。 4．我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。(only if 引导状语从句放句首) I have enough money to go to school. 【答案】Only if I get a job will 【详解】考查倒装句和动词短语。根据要求“only if 引导状语从句放句首”可知，“只有我找到了工作”为only if I get a job，其中only if意为“只有……才”，引导条件状语从句，置于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构，即将助动词提到主语之前；“我才有足够的钱上学”中主语为I，“有”为will have (此处描述的是将来的情况，用一般将来时)，“足够的钱上学”为enough money to go to school，故“我才有足够的钱上学”翻译为“will I have enough money to go to school”。故填Only if I get a job will。 5．毫无疑问，这个男孩正是我们要找的人。 the boy is just the one we are looking for. 【答案】There is no doubt that 【详解】考查同位语从句和固定句式。结合句意及is可知此处使用一般现在时，设空处表示“毫无疑问”，且后面为一个完整的句子，可用固定句式there is no doubt that…，that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词doubt的内容，设空处位于句首there需要首字母大写。故填There is no doubt that。 6．正是她的友善和责任感让我们尊重她。（强调句） her friendliness and make us respect her. 【答案】It is the sense of responsibility that 【详解】考查强调句和名词短语。根据提示要求，本句应用强调句，句型为it is/was+被强调部分+that（强调人可用who）+其他，“责任感”表达为sense of responsibility，强调主语“her friendliness and sense of responsibility”应用that，根据make可知，为一般现在时，强调句中应用is。故填①It②is③the④sense⑤of⑥responsibility⑦that。 7．研究表明，忙于课外活动的学生比不怎么参加课外活动的学生更开心。（engage） A study shows the students after-school activities are happier than those who are not. 【答案】who/that are engaged in 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。本题要翻译“忙于”。题干描述客观事实，时态要用一般现在时。_______________ after-school activities是关系词引导的定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students(学生)，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，关系代词可以用who/that，表示“忙于”的固定表达是be engaged in。be动词要用are。故填who/that，are，engaged，in。 8．I pointed at (坐在离我位置最近的男孩), who is the tallest boy in our class. （根据汉语提示用非谓语动词完成句子） 【答案】the boy sitting nearest to me 【详解】考查名词、非谓语动词和动词短语。句意：我指着坐得离我最近的那个男孩，他是我们班个子最高的男孩。根据汉语意思提示以及句子的要求提示可知，表示“男孩”为名词the boy，后接非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the boy，表示“坐得离我最近”应为动词短语sit nearest to me，和the boy为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填the boy sitting nearest to me。 9．People who work from home have a clear boundary between work and personal life. (用非谓语动词改写句子) People have a clear boundary between work and personal life. 【答案】working from home 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在家工作的人员能够清晰地区分工作时间和个人生活时间。此处定语从句who work from home，改为现在分词短语作定语，people和work from home为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词短语working from home。故填working from home。 10．The old photo album (属于) my grandmother holds memories of her youth. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】belonging to 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本属于我祖母的旧相册承载着她年轻时的回忆。“属于”为“belong to”；The old photo album与belong to是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作定语。故填belonging to。 11．Problems poor communication are often hard to fix, especially if people to discuss them openly. 由于沟通不畅产生的问题往往难以解决，尤其是当人们拒绝坦诚讨论的机会时。 【答案】arising from refuse 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意“由于”可知，空格一涉及固定短语“arise from…”，意为“起因于……”，句中有系动词“are”，故空格一应用非谓语动词，“Problems”和“arise from”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空格一应用现在分词短语“arising from”作后置定语；空格二涉及固定短语“refuse to do sth.”，意为“拒绝做某事”，句中用一般现在时表将来，“people”为集合名词，故空格二应用“refuse”的原形。故填arising from; refuse。 12．I was on my way to the bookstore and a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. 我去书店的路上，在一个十字路口等绿灯，这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆驶过的车撞倒了，车辆迅速开走了。 【答案】was waiting for the green light at a crossing when 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“正在做某事，这时……”句型为sb. be doing sth. when…；表示“等绿灯”为wait for the green light，根据句中was和was knocked可知，句子描述过去的情况，主语是I，be动词使用was；表示“在一个十字路口”为at a crossing。故填was waiting for the green light at a crossing when。 13．一到达山顶，我们立刻被这里美丽的风景深深地吸引住。 Once on the top of the hill, we the beautiful scenery. 【答案】were deeply attracted by 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“被……深深吸引”使用固定短语be deeply attracted by，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语we表示复数意义，be动词使用were，故填were deeply attracted by。 14．The language, which is made up of ancient dialects and modern vocabulary, reflects the region’s history. (同义转换) The language, ancient dialects and modern vocabulary, reflects the region’s history. 【答案】consisting/composed/comprised of 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种语言由古代方言和现代词汇组成，反映了该地区的历史。be made up of =be composed /comprised of =consist of，均表示“由……组成”，空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，be composed /comprised of去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式，consist of与逻辑主语The language之间是主动关系，使用现在分词形式。故填consisting /composed /comprised of。 15．包括急救箱在内的一切必需品都准备好了，他们按计划出发了。（状语从句的省略） All the necessary items including the first-aid kit prepared, they hit the road . 【答案】as planned 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“按计划”可知句型为as planned，为状语从句的省略。故填as planned。 16．尽管忙于学习，你最好留些时间参加户外活动. , you had better set aside some time to participate in some outdoor activities. (状语从句的省略) 【答案】Although engaged in/engaging yourself in your study 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“尽管”应用although，引导让步状语从句，这里时态应用一般现在时或者现在进行时，表示“（你）忙于”应用you are engaged in或者you are engaging yourself in ，表示“学习”应用your study，故翻译为although you are engaged in/engaging yourself in your study，且状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可以把从句主语和后面be动词省略，构成状语从句的省略。故填Although engaged in/engaging yourself in your study。 17．这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。 The temple has a long history to the early period of the Tang Dynasty. 【答案】dating back 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“追溯到”用固定短语date back to，句中动词谓语是has，此处为非谓语动词，且history与date back to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语，故填dating back。 18． I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was. 直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 【答案】It was not until then that 【详解】考查强调句型和时间状语。“直到那时才”翻译为not until then；根据句意和空格后的句子可知，此处应该用强调句型“It+be+被强调部分+that/who+其它部分”对时间状语not until then进行强调。根据下文的realized和was可知，此处应该用一般过去时，be动词用was；强调时间状语，用that，不能用who。故填It was not until then that。 19．It is located in the west of Hangzhou and covers an area of 11.5 square kilometers.(用现在分词作状语结构升级) 【答案】It is located in the west of Hangzhou, covering an area of 11.5 square kilometers. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它位于杭州市西部，面积11.5平方公里。covers an area of 11.5 square kilometers该部分可以写成非谓语动词作状语，动词cover和逻辑主语it是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填It is located in the west of Hangzhou, covering an area of 11.5 square kilometers. 20．The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, and it plays an important role in protecting our environment. (用which引导的定语从句升级句子) 【答案】The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, which plays an important role in protecting our environment. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：湿地被称为“地球之肾”，在保护我们的环境中起着重要的作用。分析句子可知，升级为非限制性定语从句，对先行词wetland进行补充说明，关系词在从句作主语，指物，应用which引导。故改为The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, which plays an important role in protecting our environment. 1 / 14学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$