19.Unit 4 Role Models（主题阅读）-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固（北师大版2024）

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 4 Role Models主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、主题阐释 本单元“Role Models”这一主题聚焦于我们生活中值得敬仰和学习的人物。这些榜样人物以他们独特的方式，在各个领域展现出非凡的影响力。 1. 主题内涵：榜样不仅仅是声名远扬的公众人物，也涵盖了身边默默奉献的普通人。他们身上具备诸如善良（kindness）、诚实（honesty）、坚韧（perseverance）、勤奋（hard working）等优秀品质。例如，袁隆平（Yuan Longping）作为伟大的农业科学家（agricultural scientist），一生致力于杂交水稻研究（hybrid rice research），以解决全球粮食问题（solve the global food problem），他的坚持和创新（persistence and innovation）便是榜样内涵的生动体现。又如我们的父母，他们每天辛勤工作（work hard every day），悉心照顾家庭（take good care of the family），用行动诠释着责任（responsibility）与爱（love），同样是我们生活中的榜样。 2. 素养体现：从语言素养来看，通过学习该主题，学生能够掌握描述人物品质、事迹的相关词汇和句式，提升语言表达能力。在思维素养方面，学生学会分析榜样成功的原因，培养逻辑思维。如分析屠呦呦（Tu Youyou）发现青蒿素（discover artemisinin）的过程，思考她如何克服重重困难（overcome numerous difficulties），进而锻炼自己解决问题的思维能力。同时，这一主题有助于培养学生的文化意识素养，了解不同文化背景下的榜样人物及其所代表的文化价值。比如，了解美国民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King Jr.）为争取平等权利（fight for equal rights）所做出的努力，体会西方文化中对自由和平等的追求。 3. 策略要求：阅读关于榜样的文章时，学生需要运用多种阅读策略。首先是预测策略，通过文章标题、图片等信息预测内容。例如看到“An Inspiring Teacher”的标题，学生可预测文章可能讲述一位老师鼓舞人心的事迹。其次是略读策略，快速浏览文章，把握大意。在阅读一篇介绍体育明星榜样的文章时，略读可得知其主要成就。再者是精读策略，仔细研读文章，理解细节，分析榜样的品质是如何通过具体事例展现的。比如在阅读关于雷锋（Lei Feng）的文章时，精读他帮助他人的具体事例，深入理解他的奉献精神（devotion spirit）。此外，还可运用推断策略，根据文中信息推断作者的态度或未明确表述的内容。如从对某榜样事迹的描述语气中，推断作者对该榜样的崇敬之情。 4. 文化品质：该主题蕴含着丰富的文化品质。在不同国家，榜样所代表的文化品质既有共通之处，又各具特色。在东方文化中，强调集体利益至上（put the collective interests first）、尊师重道（respect teachers and value education）等品质。像孔子（Confucius），他的儒家思想（Confucianism）影响深远，其倡导的仁爱（benevolence）、礼义（ritual and righteousness）等观念塑造了无数人的价值观，成为东方文化中榜样的典范。在西方文化里，注重个人英雄主义（personal heroism）、追求自由平等（pursue freedom and equality）等品质。例如超级英雄形象在西方文化中广受欢迎，他们以个人的力量拯救世界，体现了西方文化对个人能力和英雄行为的崇尚。同时，无论是东方还是西方，诚实、勇敢等基本品质都是被普遍认可和推崇的，这些共同的文化品质促进了不同文化间的交流与理解。 二、词汇句式 1. 主题词汇 人物身份：scientist（科学家）、teacher（教师）、doctor（医生）、artist（艺术家）、athlete（运动员）、inventor（发明家）、leader（领导者）、volunteer（志愿者）、musician（音乐家）、writer（作家） 人物品质：kindness（善良）、honesty（诚实）、perseverance（坚韧）、bravery（勇敢）、generosity（慷慨）、responsibility（责任）、creativity（创造力）、patience（耐心）、determination（决心）、modesty（谦虚） 行为动作：devote（奉献）、inspire（鼓舞）、influence（影响）、achieve（实现）、overcome（克服）、help（帮助）、teach（教导）、guide（引导）、serve（服务）、create（创造） 相关描述：famous（著名的）、excellent（优秀的）、outstanding（杰出的）、remarkable（非凡的）、inspiring（鼓舞人心的）、admirable（令人钦佩的）、respected（受尊敬的）、successful（成功的）、hard working（勤奋的）、talented（有天赋的） 2. 主题句式 描述榜样人物： My role model is...（我的榜样是……） ...is a famous + 人物身份 who...（……是一位著名的……，他/她……） The person I look up to most is...（我最敬仰的人是……） ...is widely respected for...（……因……而广受尊敬） As a role model,...has many excellent qualities.（作为一个榜样，……有许多优秀品质。） 阐述榜样的行为与影响： He/She devotes himself/herself to...（他/她致力于……） ...inspires me to...（……鼓舞我去……） His/Her actions have a great influence on me.（他/她的行为对我有很大影响。） By...,...teaches us the importance of...（通过……，……教会我们……的重要性。） ...achieved great success in...because of...（……在……方面取得巨大成功，因为……） 表达个人感受与决心： I admire...for...（我因……而钦佩……） I hope to be a person like...（我希望成为像……一样的人。） I will learn from...and try my best to...（我将向……学习，尽我最大努力去……） ...has set a good example for me.（……为我树立了一个好榜样。） I am determined to follow in...'s footsteps.（我决心追随……的脚步。） 三、阅读策略 1. 预测（Prediction）：在阅读前，学生可以通过标题、副标题、图片、图表以及文章开头的几句话来预测文章的大致内容。例如，如果文章标题是“My Favorite Role Model: Nelson Mandela”，学生可以预测文章可能会讲述曼德拉的生平事迹、他所面临的挑战以及他对世界产生的影响等。这样可以激发学生的阅读兴趣，同时也能帮助他们在阅读过程中有针对性地寻找信息。 2. 略读（Skimming）：快速浏览文章，获取文章的主旨大意。学生可以重点关注文章的标题、首尾段、每段的首句和尾句。对于关于榜样的文章，通过略读这些关键部分，能够快速了解文章介绍了哪位榜样，以及该榜样的主要成就或突出品质。比如在一篇介绍科学家榜样的文章中，略读可能发现文章主要讲述了这位科学家在某个领域的重大突破，以及他为此付出的努力。 3. 精读（Scanning）：在了解文章主旨后，进行精读，仔细阅读文章的每一个段落，理解其中的细节信息。对于描述榜样具体事迹和品质的句子要认真分析。例如，当文章中描述一位教师榜样如何耐心地帮助学习困难的学生时，学生需要精读这些句子，分析教师的具体行为，从而体会其耐心和敬业的品质。同时，注意文章中的生词、短语和复杂句式，结合上下文理解其含义。 4. 推断（Inference）：根据文章中提供的信息进行合理推断。有时文章不会直接说明榜样的某些品质或行为的影响，需要学生通过对具体事例的分析来推断。比如文章中提到一位志愿者经常利用业余时间去偏远地区支教，虽然没有直接说他有奉献精神，但学生可以从他的行为推断出这一品质。此外，还可以推断作者的写作意图、态度等。如果作者在描述榜样时使用了大量积极、赞扬的词汇，那么可以推断作者对该榜样持高度赞赏的态度。 5. 总结（Summarizing）：读完文章后，引导学生对文章内容进行总结。可以要求学生用自己的话概括榜样的主要事迹、品质以及对自己的启发。例如，在阅读完一篇关于体育明星榜样的文章后，学生可以总结为：“文章介绍了篮球明星迈克尔·乔丹，他凭借卓越的球技和顽强的斗志多次获得NBA总冠军。他的坚持和对胜利的渴望激励着我在面对困难时永不放弃。”通过总结，能够加深学生对文章的理解，同时也锻炼了他们的概括能力和语言表达能力。 综合实战演练 1 Donna Ashlock, a girl from California, was very sick. She had a bad heart. “Donna needs a new heart,” her doctor said. “She must have a new heart, or she will die soon.” Felipe Carza, 15 years old, was worried about Donna. Felipe was Donna’s best friend. He cared about her health very much. He didn’t want Donna to die. Months ago, his doctor told him he was going to die because of his illness. So he decided to give his heart to Donna. Felipe talked to his mother about Donna. “I am going to die,” Felipe told his mother, “and I am going to give my heart to Donna.” Felipe’s mother didn’t pay much attention to Felipe. “Felipe is just kidding,” she thought. “Felipe is not going to die. He’s strong and healthy.” But Felipe was not healthy. He had terrible headaches sometimes. “My head hurts,” he often told his friends. Felipe never told his parents about his headaches. One morning, Felipe woke up with a sharp pain in his head. He was dizzy (眩晕的) and he couldn’t breathe. His parents rushed Felipe to the hospital. Doctors at the hospital had terrible news for them. “Felipe’s brain is dead,” the doctors said. “We can’t save him.” His parents were very sad, but Felipe’s mother remembered her son’s words. So she told the doctors to give Felipe’s heart to Donna. The operation (手术) was successful. Felipe’s heart was beating in Donna’s body, but Donna didn’t know it. Her parents and doctors didn’t tell her. They waited until she was stronger, and then they told her about Felipe. “I feel very sad,” Donna said, “but I am thankful to Felipe.” “Every time we see Donna, we think of Felipe. She has Felipe’s heart. That gives us great peace,” Felipe’s brother John said. If everyone is ready to help others, our world will be a better place. 1．What was the matter with Donna? A．She had a headache. B．She had a toothache. C．She had a bad heart. D．She had a bad stomach. 2．From the passage, we know that _________. A．Donna needed a new heart instead of her own B．Felipe promised Donna to give her his heart C．Felipe never told anyone about his terrible headaches D．the doctors asked Felipe’s parents to donate (捐赠) his heart 3．The main idea of Paragraph 3 is _________. A．Felipe’s family were sad to see Donna B．Felipe died but gave a new life to Donna C．Donna was seriously sick and needed a big operation D．Felipe decided to give his heart to Donna and told his mother about it 4．The writer wants to tell us that we should _________. A．be ready to help others B．keep happy and healthy C．give our hearts to others D．remember Felipe for a long time 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了15岁的Felipe Carza在得知自己即将因病去世后，决定将自己的心脏捐献给患有严重心脏病的好友Donna Ashlock的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Donna Ashlock, a girl from California, was very sick. She had a bad heart.”可知，Donna的问题是心脏不好。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“‘Donna needs a new heart,’ her doctor said. ‘She must have a new heart, or she will die soon.’”可知，Donna需要一颗新的心脏来替代她自己的心脏。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第3段“Felipe’s heart was beating in Donna’s body...‘I feel very sad,’ Donna said, ‘but I am thankful to Felipe.’”可知，第3段主要讲述了Felipe因脑死亡去世，他的心脏被成功移植给Donna，挽救了她的生命。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If everyone is ready to help others, our world will be a better place.”可知，作者想告诉我们应该乐于助人。故选A。 2 Anna Brown was an artist and she believed it was important to help others. When she heard of a summer camp for children with serious illnesses, she had an idea. It cost money for these kids to go to camp, so Anna decided to see what she could do to help. It was impossible for her to donate (捐赠) a lot of money, so she had to think of another way. She wanted to take advantage of (利用) her love of art. So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids. Because these cards were all handmade, it would take her a long time to make a lot of them. So Anna had another idea. She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards. At first her friends were hesitant (犹豫不决). Many said that they were not artistic and didn’t know how to make cards. But once they saw the beautiful materials (材料), her friends felt more comfortable doing things such as drawing and cutting in order to make a new card. But the materials were expensive. To make money without spending money, Anna asked for and got donations of paper, glue, scissors, and other things from nearby stores. She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year. Anna raised more than $30,000 in her 10 years making cards. 5．What was Anna? A．An artist. B．A doctor. C．A worker. D．A teacher. 6．What did Anna invite her friends to do? A．Sell cards. B．Make cards. C．Buy materials. D．Donate materials. 7．Why did Anna start making and selling cards? A．To have fun. B．To raise money for the sick kids. C．To make friends. D．To help homeless people. 8．Where did Anna sell her handmade cards? A．In her house. B．In her workroom. C．In nearby stores. D．In art markets. 9．Which of the following can best describe Anna? A．Kind. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Lazy. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了艺术家Anna Brown通过邀请朋友制作并售卖精美卡片，为患有严重疾病的孩子筹款的故事。 5．细节理解题。根据“Anna Brown was an artist”可知Anna是一个艺术家，故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据“She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards.”可知她邀请朋友帮她制作卡片，故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids”可知她制作售卖美丽的卡片为了给这些孩子筹钱，故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据“She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year.”可知她在不同的艺术市场卖她的卡片，故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据“so Anna decided to see what she could do to help”“So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids”及全文可判断Anna是一个乐于助人，善良的人，故选A。 3 Ethan Hill, now aged 13, started helping homeless (无家可归的) people when he was 6. Over time, his organization—Ethan’s Heart has grown. It allows him to open a free moving store and give out more than 5,000 care bags. His organization began when Ethan noticed a homeless man on his way to school each day, and he felt he had to do something to help. It was going to snow, and he was worried about the man. Ethan had received $100 on Christmas that year and he decided to find out what homeless people would need online. He bought some boxes and filled them with food, drinks, hats, a tent and other necessary things. Then he gave the boxes to the homeless. Later, Ethan won the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes and decided to use his prize money to help others. He used the money to buy a trailer (挂车) and turned it into a free store. His mom and dad help with money raising and everyday tasks. They both work to make his dreams come true—and he always dreams really big! In traditional food banks, homeless people have to take what is prepared for them and cannot choose. But Ethan’s free moving store allows them to pick exactly what they need. It creates less waste and makes them feel good for free shopping. When his trailer is not out serving the neighborhood, it goes to schools and other places to teach people about homelessness and the needs of the homeless. For Ethan, being young doesn’t stop him from making a difference. Instead, it gives him a fresh set of eyes to look at a problem and solve it. His story shows that even small acts can make a big difference in the world. 10．What made Ethan start his organization? A．Seeing a homeless man on the way to school. B．Advice from his parents about helping others. C．Winning a prize for helping someone in need. D．A school activity about helping the homeless. 11．How did Ethan use his prize money? A．To buy some Christmas gifts. B．To make 5,000 care bags. C．To give money to the homeless. D．To buy a trailer to help others. 12．How is Ethan’s moving store different? A．It prepares better food and clothes. B．It lets the homeless choose what they need. C．It provides cheaper food and drinks. D．It stays in the same neighborhood every day. 13．Which word can describe Ethan Hill best? A．Talented. B．Humorous. C．Kind-hearted. D．Rich. 【答案】10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 【解析】本文讲述13岁的伊桑・希尔从6岁开始帮助无家可归者的故事。 10．细节理解题。根据“His organization began when Ethan noticed a homeless man on his way to school each day, and he felt he had to do something to help.”可知，上学路上看到流浪汉，想帮忙。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据“He used the money to buy a trailer (挂车) and turned it into a free store.”可知，买挂车改造成免费商店帮助他人。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“But Ethan’s free moving store allows them to pick exactly what they need.”可知，可以让无家可归者选需要的东西，故选B。 13．推理判断题。通读原文可知，伊桑长期帮助无家可归者，成立组织、改造流动商店，体现其善良的内心。故选C。 4 Tao Yong is an excellent ophthalmologist at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. He helps others with their eye problems. But in 2020, something bad happened to Tao when he worked at the hospital. His head, neck, and hands were hurt badly, and he couldn’t use his left hand as well as before. It made him experience the darkest time of his life. Many people thought he might not be able to go back to work. However, he loved being a doctor and he wanted to help those in need. So more than three months later, he went back to work. He helped people with eye problems again, even though it was hard for him. He learned how to do his job again. And luckily, after almost a year of training, Tao picked up the scalpel (手术刀) again. He believes it is a new beginning for him. He starts some new things, too. He uses AI to help people with eye problems. He also talks to people online to make them know how important it is to take care of their eyes. Tao sets an example to everyone. He shows us that even when we are in trouble, we can still be strong and do good things. 14．What does the word “ophthalmologist” in the first paragraph mean in Chinese? A．儿科医生 B．眼科医生 C．外科医生 15．Which part of Tao Yong’s body got hurt badly? A．His right arm. B．His left hand. C．His left foot. 16．How long did it take Tao Yong to be able to pick up the scalpel again? A．Three months. B．Six months. C．Almost a year. 17．Why does Tao Yong talk to people online? A．To teach them how to use AI well. B．To tell them how to become famous. C．To tell them about the importance of eye care. 18．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To tell readers the story of a great doctor. B．To advise people to show kindness to others. C．To advise people to take good care of their eyes. 【答案】14．B 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北京朝阳医院优秀的眼科医生陶勇的故事，他虽然遭遇不幸，但依然坚强地回到了工作岗位，继续帮助他人，并通过新的方式如使用人工智能和在线交流来推广眼部护理的重要性，为人们树立了榜样。 14．词义猜测题。根据“He helps others with their eye problems.”可知，他帮助别人解决眼部问题，由此可推测他是一名眼科医生，所以“ophthalmologist”意为“眼科医生”。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据“His head, neck, and hands were hurt badly, and he couldn’t use his left hand as well as before.”可知，他的头、脖子和手受了重伤，左手不能像以前那样灵活使用了，所以是他的左手受了重伤。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据“And luckily, after almost a year of training, Tao picked up the scalpel again.”可知，经过近一年的训练，陶勇再次拿起了手术刀，所以他花了近一年的时间才能再次拿起手术刀。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“He also talks to people online to make them know how important it is to take care of their eyes.”可知，陶勇还在网上与人交流，让他们知道保护眼睛的重要性，所以他网上与人交流是为了告诉他们眼部护理的重要性。故选C。 18．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Tao sets an example to everyone. He shows us that even when we are in trouble, we can still be strong and do good things.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了陶勇医生的故事，他在遭遇不幸后依然坚强地回到了工作岗位，并继续帮助他人，为人们树立了榜样，所以作者写这篇文章是为了告诉读者一位伟大医生的故事。故选A。 5 Recently, a school in Yinchuan held an event. This event was to give a prize to a teenager, Guo Qing. His brave action of helping his classmate during an earthquake got a lot of attention (关注) online. At 4:43 in the afternoon on January 2, an earthquake hit Yinchuan’s Jinfeng area. The students were having classes when the teaching building shook heavily. Everyone at the school was shocked and tried to get out of the building. At that important moment, Guo Qing, a second-year high school student, showed great courage and kindness. Guo Qing was running too, but suddenly, he saw a classmate. He had difficulty in moving. Without thinking twice, Guo decided to help. He carried the classmate on his back. Step by step, he made their way out of the teaching building. Finally, they got to a safe place. The school’s cameras recorded the action. “The action of this child will encourage more children to be kind to people,” said the school’s head teacher. Guo got a scholarship (奖学金). With this scholarship, he will be able to go to Germany and continue his studies there. “I was shocked and afraid at first. But at that time, my main feeling was to never leave my classmate behind,” Guo said. “Everyone was safe, and that’s what matters.” 19．What were the students doing when the earthquake happened? A．They were doing sports. B．They were having a rest. C．They were having an exam. D．They were having classes. 20．What’s wrong with the classmate mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．He couldn’t move fast. B．He lost his way. C．He fell down when running. D．He couldn’t see things clearly. 21．How will Guo Qing deal with the scholarship? A．To have a further study. B．To set up a study program. C．To help repair the school building. D．To give it away to help more people. 22．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s easy for Guo to help that classmate. B．Guo was also afraid when the earthquake happened. C．Guo helped his classmate by giving him a first aid. D．The school’s head teacher used his phone to record Guo’s action. 23．Which of the following can best describe Guo Qing? A．Honest and shy. B．Independent and funny. C．Brave and kind. D．Clever and funny. 【答案】19．D 20．A 21．A 22．B 23．C 【解析】本文讲述银川一所学校因郭庆在地震中勇敢帮助同学的事迹，为其颁奖的事件。 19．细节理解题。根据“The students were having classes when the teaching building shook heavily.”可知，教学楼剧烈晃动时，学生们正在上课。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“He had difficulty in moving.”可知，这位同学移动困难，即无法快速移动。故选A。 21．细节理解题。根据“With this scholarship, he will be able to go to Germany and continue his studies there.”可知，他会用奖学金去德国继续学习。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“I was shocked and afraid at first.”可知，郭庆起初也震惊、害怕。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“At that important moment, Guo Qing... showed great courage and kindness.”可知，地震时，郭庆展现出勇气与善良。故选C。 6 Catalina Campos, an 11-year-old girl, loves helping the elderly. Her story of kindness began when she was three. Since her mom worked at a nursing home, Catalina went there with her a lot. During festivals, she would prepare small gifts for people there, bringing joy to their faces. As Catalina grew older, she wanted to do more. She founded a non-profit organization (非营利组织) named Circul KC． The purpose is to let other kids join the charity (慈善) event to show kindness. On Mother’s Day, they packed flowers with heart-warming cards for the elderly women. They also gave out hundreds of cards on special days, each with best wishes written on it. Besides, they collected donations (捐赠物) of medicine and clothes for the elderly. Then they set everything up at different places around the city, and people could take what they needed for free. The name Circul KC has a special meaning. Catalina explained, “When somebody gives something to us, we can give it to somebody else. Then they can give it to somebody else. It makes a circle of kindness.” A lot of kids are afraid to try new things. Catalina often tells them, “Don’t be shy and nervous. Just smile and you can do it!” 24．Why did Catalina often go to the nursing home? A．Her mother worked there. B．She liked the games there. C．Her school asked her to go. D．She wanted to make money. 25．What is the main goal of Circul KC? A．To teach kids to draw different cards. B．To help kids show kindness together. C．To plant some flowers for the elderly. D．To sell lots of cards on special days. 26．What donations did Circul KC collect for the elderly? A． B． C． D． 27．What can we know about the name “Circul KC”? A．It is a famous elderly man’s name. B．It is a place where kids can play. C．It stands for a cycle of kindness. D．It teaches kids how to make money. 28．Which of the following words could best describe Catalina? A．Brave. B．Patient. C．Quiet. D．Caring. 【答案】24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了11岁女孩卡塔琳娜·坎波斯热衷于帮助老人，她三岁起就常随在养老院工作的妈妈去养老院，长大后还创立非营利组织Circul KC，组织其他孩子一起开展各类慈善活动的故事。 24．细节理解题。根据“Since her mom worked at a nursing home, Catalina went there with her a lot.”可知，因为她妈妈在那里工作。故选A。 25．细节理解题。根据“The purpose is to let other kids join the charity (慈善) event to show kindness.”可知，是为了帮助孩子们一起表达善意。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据“Besides, they collected donations (捐赠物) of medicine and clothes for the elderly.”可知，收集的是药品和衣物。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据“When somebody gives something to us, we can give it to somebody else. Then they can give it to somebody else. It makes a circle of kindness.”可知，它代表着善意的循环。故选C。 28．推理判断题。根据全文可知，Catalina喜欢帮助老人，还成立非营利组织让其他孩子一起参与慈善活动，说明她是有爱心的。故选D。 7 March 5th is “Lei Feng Day”. It started more than sixty years ago. Is the spirit of Lei Feng outdated? Some people showed us that it is not. But people also changed the ways to help others. Zhao Ming started to volunteer 18 years ago. She still remembers her experiences at an old people’s home several years ago. An old man held her hand and said, “You don’t need to do anything for us. Seeing young people here is all we need…” Those words made Zhao Ming think: how can we better help people? “Before we give a helping hand, we should find out what they want,” Zhao said to the Qilu Evening News. Besides Zhao, other people showed their understanding of the spirit of Lei Feng. Do you still remember the “Noodle Fever” in Zhengzhou, Hennan? One local man, Li Gang, had a serious illness and needed a lot of money for an operation (手术). However, what he asked for wasn’t charity (施舍), but for more people to come to eat noodles at his restaurant. Li’s story spread quickly. Soon his restaurant was filled with people every day and Li could have his operation on February 2nd. In this way, people could help Li without hurting his dignity (尊严). 29．The underlined word “outdated” in Paragraph 1 means “________”. A．流行的 B．过时的 C．重要的 D．有趣的 30．According to Zhao Ming, we must ________ before we help others. A．know what they really need B．have some volunteer experiences C．spend some money D．learn some skills 31．How did Li Gang expect people to help him? A．By giving him some money. B．By looking after him in the hospital. C．By eating noodles at his restaurant. D．By doing some work in his restaurant. 【答案】29．B 30．A 31．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了现代社会如何通过不同的方式传承雷锋精神，文章通过赵明和李刚的故事，展示了帮助他人的新方式。 29．词义猜测题。根据“Is the spirit of Lei Feng outdated? Some people showed us that it is not. But people also changed the ways to help others.”可知，雷锋精神并未过时，此处outdated意为“过时的”。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“Before we give a helping hand, we should find out what they want,”可知在帮助别人之前，我们必须知道他们真正需要什么。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据“One local man, Li Gang, had a serious illness and needed a lot of money for an operation. However, what he asked for wasn’t charity, but for more people to come to eat noodles at his restaurant.”可知李刚希望人们去他的餐馆吃面条来帮助他。故选C。 8 It seems obvious to say that being on the receiving end of kindness makes you feel good. But, while a kind act can’t provide you with any calories, it’s not simply a throwaway experience. When someone is surprisingly kind to you—a stranger holds open a door for you, or your coffee is on the house—the act triggers (触发) activity in the nucleus accumbens. It’s an area of the brain often referred to as the pleasure center. In 2021, more than 60,000 participants completed the Kindness Test questionnaire (调查问卷) online. The results showed that carrying out kind acts had benefits for well-being. Whether you’re giving or receiving kindness, you’re likely to feel better. People who regularly volunteer or donate money to charities talk of the warm glow they feel from their good deeds. Of all the kind acts, volunteering provides among the biggest benefits for giver and receiver alike. Studies showed that regular volunteering reduced the risk of dying by around a quarter. Kindness at home has impacts, too. One study of 59 women found that a hug with a partner lowered blood pressure and heart rate. Studies have also shown that simply noticing kindness and feeling gratitude (感谢) has positive impacts on the body, boosting the nervous system’s ability to lower a fast heart rate. Those who keep weekly gratitude journals have been found to enjoy improved measures of well-being. The more often they exercise, the more positive and physically healthier they are than those who don’t. Kindness doesn’t have to involve a lot of time, money or effort. Here are some simple ways you can practice being kinder that take next to no time at all: ·Praise a stranger for something. ·Make a cup of tea for a colleague. ·Buy a small gift for a friend or donate to a charity. ·Text a family member to let them know you love them. ·Send a thank-you email to someone you’ve worked with. Kindness is really important. It builds our empathy (同理心), develops deeper relationships and promotes good heart health. It’s contagious (有感染力的), too. By being kind, you’ll influence the people around you to be kinder, so they’ll also enjoy all the benefits. 32．The phrase “a throwaway experience” in the first paragraph most likely means something that is ________. A．highly memorable and meaningful B．easily forgotten or unimportant C．physically exhausting but rewarding D．expensive but worth the cost 33．What was one of the findings from the 2021 Kindness Test questionnaire? A．Most people prefer receiving kindness over giving it. B．Carrying out kind acts improved participants’ well-being. C．Kindness only benefits the receiver, not the giver. D．Kindness requires a lot of time and money. 34．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Science Behind Kindness and Its Benefits. B．How to Make Friends Through Kind Acts. C．The History of Kindness in Human Society. D．Why Money Can’t Buy Happiness. 【答案】32．B 33．B 34．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了善良的重要性，以善良待人，周围的人也会受到感染而变得善良起来。 32．词句猜测题。根据“But, while a kind act can’t provide you with any calories, it’s not simply a throwaway experience.”可知虽然善举不能给你带来任何热量，但它并不是一种可以随意丢弃的经历。“a throwaway experience”意为“一次不重要的经历”。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“The results showed that carrying out kind acts had benefits for well-being.”可知问卷的结果显示做好事能提高幸福指数。故选B。 34．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，调查问卷显示，做好事能提高幸福指数，并且善意和感激能对身体产生积极影响，选项A“善良背后的科学及其益处。”最合适。故选A。 9 Lu Junling, a security guard (保安) from Hebei University, became popular on the Internet. As a normal person, though Lu Junling is more than 50 years old, he memorizes English vocabulary for CBT-6 under the street lights every day just to improve himself. When he is free, he also writes novels and sings operas. That’s not all. Painting, music, kung fu, ancient poems, etc. are all his hobbies. So a number of people call him “treasure security guard”. Lu Junling said, “If I want to become an artist, I will always work hard for my dream!” Mr. Lu’s words live in many people’s memory. In fact, there are many dream runners in university. They not only love their jobs, but also keep on learning. For example. Xing Guoqin, a cleaning lady from Tsinghua University, started to learn piano by self-learning at the age of 55. What a great surprise! “Your hobbies have nothing to do with your age. It’s never too late to do things you love,” she said. A professional cook in a college dining hall asked for leave from work to be a judge for the Winter Olympic Games, which has surprised many people. And they couldn’t help saying, “He is too powerful to hide!” Though they all just have ordinary jobs, they never forget to chase their dreams. Their positive attitude and their brave efforts have amazed the whole world. They show their own strength to the world, “Life has no limits. You can do anything if you have a strong will. Whoever has a drear is fantastic!” 35．Many people call Lu Junling “treasure security guard” because ________. A．he writes operas and sings English songs B．he is a great artist with his hard work C．he has many hobbies, and he works hard for them D．he keeps memorizing English words every day 36．What does the underlined word “chase” in the last paragraph mean? A．run after B．look after C．give up D．go through 37．Xing Guoqin learned to play the piano by ________. A．having the teacher’s help B．having the piano lessons C．learning by herself D．learning from the teacher 38．Which is the following is not true according to the passage? A．They all have ordinary jobs and they like hiding their power. B．These three people are working in different universities. C．They all have a strong will and show their strength to the world. D．Many people can’t believe the judge for the Winter Olympics is a cook. 39．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Future Planners. B．Dream Followers. C．Different Lives. D．Wonderful Jobs. 【答案】35．C 36．A 37．C 38．A 39．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了三位在大学工作的普通人（保安、清洁工、厨师）如何通过不断学习和追求梦想，展现出积极的生活态度和强大的意志力。 35．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Painting, music, kung fu, ancient poems, etc. are all his hobbies. So a number of people call him ‘treasure security guard’…If I want to become an artist, I will always work hard for my dream!”可知，Lu Junling被称为“宝藏保安”是因为他有很多爱好，并且为之努力。故选C。 36．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Though they all just have ordinary jobs, they never forget to chase their dreams.”可知，文章讲述了三位在大学工作的普通人（保安、清洁工、厨师）追求梦想，故此处“chase”意为“追逐”。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Xing Guoqin, a cleaning lady from Tsinghua University, started to learn piano by self-learning at the age of 55.”可推知，Xing Guoqin是通过自学学习钢琴的。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“They show their own strength to the world, ‘Life has no limits. You can do anything if you have a strong will.’”可知，他们并没有隐藏自己的力量，而是积极展示。故选A。 39．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，三位主人公都在不断追求梦想，展现出积极的生活态度。因此，最合适的标题是“追梦者”。故选B。 10 Fifteen-year-old Jaclyn Gomez noticed that many people around her were going through hard times. Her sister Amy didn’t feel happy because she had no friends in her new school. Her friend Tony felt sad because he hadn’t seen his parents for a long time. So Jaclyn Gomez wanted to bring delight and love to them. “I thought of this idea because there were a lot of sadnesses in our life and I wanted to make people I love feel happy,” Jaclyn said. Later, she decided to invite Tony to have dinner together. “Amy and Tony often feel lonely, so I want to be with them. Tony came and we enjoyed a delicious dinner. Then we went for a walk and took many photos. Finally, we sang songs happily and loudly. It was really exciting!” she said. Jaclyn Gomez’s parents were proud of her and said she did the right thing. Jaclyn said she just wanted to make people happy. In the future, she will go on bringing happiness to others. 40．Why did Amy feel unhappy in her new school? A．Because she missed her parents. B．Because she failed the exams. C．Because she had no friends. D．Because she lost the flowers. 41．What does the underlined word “delight” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．知识 B．快乐 C．健康 D．梦想 42．What did Tony do according to Paragraph 2? ①had dinner     ②took photos         ③sang songs ④made a meal     ⑤went for a walk     ⑥played cards A．①③④⑤ B．②③⑤⑥ C．③④⑤⑥ D．①②③⑤ 43．Which of the following word can best describe Jaclyn? A．Serious. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Friendly. 【答案】40．C 41．B 42．D 43．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了15岁的Jaclyn Gomez如何通过行动为身边的人带来快乐和爱，特别是帮助她的姐姐Amy和朋友Tony摆脱孤独和悲伤。 40．细节理解题。根据文中“Her sister Amy didn’t feel happy because she had no friends in her new school.”可知，Amy不开心的原因是因为她没有朋友。故选C。 41．词句猜测题。根据文中“Fifteen-year-old Jaclyn Gomez noticed that many people around her were going through hard times…So Jaclyn Gomez wanted to bring delight and love to them.”可知，Gomez想给经历困难时光的人们带来快乐和爱，故“delight”的意思是“快乐”。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据文中“Tony came and we enjoyed a delicious dinner. Then we went for a walk and took many photos. Finally, we sang songs happily and loudly.”可知，我和Tony享用了美味的晚餐，然后我们去散步，拍了很多照片，最后我们开心地大声唱歌。故选D。 43．观点态度题。根据文中“Jaclyn said she just wanted to make people happy. In the future, she will go on bringing happiness to others.”可知，Jaclyn是一个友好的人，因为她关心他人的感受并积极为他们带来快乐。故选D。 11 Have you heard the saying “If you fall off the horse, get back on.”? It means that things may get difficult, and you may make many mistakes. But you should have the passion (激情) and energy to keep going. This is called perseverance. It can help you get a lot of things. Perseverance means keeping doing something for a long time. It doesn’t matter if it is easy or difficult. For example, you practise a trick on your bike again and again. Or you finish a picture without giving up and start over. These show perseverance. Florence, a 13-year-old girl, says, “It means never giving up and trying hard to push yourself. I go running with my mum three times a week. Sometimes I feel good and sometimes I don’t. But I still do it because I want to be the fastest in my class. Whether in good situations or bad ones, we need perseverance.” Studies show that when you feel hopeful and work for a goal you really want, it can reduce stress (压力) and make you feel happier. When you get something you worked hard for and face difficulties on the way, it can develop your confidence and make you feel braver to try new things. Angela Duckworth is an expert (专家) about people’s thoughts and feelings. She studies perseverance and calls it “grit”. She thinks that having grit is really important for us to succeed. She says, “No matter how talented (有天赋的) you are at something or how well you do in school, you must have grit. When things are hard, perseverance is even more important. It can help you get past the hard times and reach your goals.” Duckworth believes perseverance is something anyone can learn. The best way to learn it is to have a growth mind. This means believing that your brain can grow. You can get anything if you put your mind to it. So don’t think, “I can’t do this”, try thinking, “I can’t do this... yet”. As the book The Big Life Journal says, “People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard. They keep trying even when things are difficult.” 44．Why does the writer take Florence for example in Paragraph 2? A．To introduce what perseverance means. B．To talk about how to train running skills. C．To present the advantages of perseverance. D．To show the importance of staying with parents. 45．According to the passage, what can help us reduce stress? A．Developing talents through mistakes. B．Building confidence in hard situations. C．Trying hard for our dreams with hope. D．Keeping doing things without thinking. 46．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Goals are easier to reach in difficult times. B．Talent is the most important for us to succeed. C．Being clever will help us do well in our lessons. D．Knowing we can get better helps us develop grit. 47．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Perseverance B．The Tips to Reach the Goals C．The Ways to Solve Difficulties D．The Meaning of Thinking Habits 【答案】44．A 45．C 46．D 47．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了毅力的定义和重要性，并以实例说明毅力如何帮助人们取得成功。 44．推理判断题。根据“Florence, a 13-year-old girl, says, ‘It means never giving up and trying hard to push yourself...’”可知，作者举Florence的例子是为了介绍毅力的含义。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据“Studies show that when you feel hopeful and work for a goal you really want, it can reduce stress (压力) and make you feel happier.”可知，充满希望并为真正想要的目标而努力时可以减轻压力。故选C。 46．推理判断题。根据“The best way to learn it is to have a growth mind... People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard.”可知，拥有成长思维可以帮助人们发展毅力，即知道我们可以变得更好有助于培养毅力。故选D。 47．最佳标题题。本文主要讨论了毅力的力量以及如何培养毅力，因此选项A“毅力的力量”最适合作为标题。故选A。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 4 Role Models主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、主题阐释 本单元“Role Models”这一主题聚焦于我们生活中值得敬仰和学习的人物。这些榜样人物以他们独特的方式，在各个领域展现出非凡的影响力。 1. 主题内涵：榜样不仅仅是声名远扬的公众人物，也涵盖了身边默默奉献的普通人。他们身上具备诸如善良（kindness）、诚实（honesty）、坚韧（perseverance）、勤奋（hard working）等优秀品质。例如，袁隆平（Yuan Longping）作为伟大的农业科学家（agricultural scientist），一生致力于杂交水稻研究（hybrid rice research），以解决全球粮食问题（solve the global food problem），他的坚持和创新（persistence and innovation）便是榜样内涵的生动体现。又如我们的父母，他们每天辛勤工作（work hard every day），悉心照顾家庭（take good care of the family），用行动诠释着责任（responsibility）与爱（love），同样是我们生活中的榜样。 2. 素养体现：从语言素养来看，通过学习该主题，学生能够掌握描述人物品质、事迹的相关词汇和句式，提升语言表达能力。在思维素养方面，学生学会分析榜样成功的原因，培养逻辑思维。如分析屠呦呦（Tu Youyou）发现青蒿素（discover artemisinin）的过程，思考她如何克服重重困难（overcome numerous difficulties），进而锻炼自己解决问题的思维能力。同时，这一主题有助于培养学生的文化意识素养，了解不同文化背景下的榜样人物及其所代表的文化价值。比如，了解美国民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King Jr.）为争取平等权利（fight for equal rights）所做出的努力，体会西方文化中对自由和平等的追求。 3. 策略要求：阅读关于榜样的文章时，学生需要运用多种阅读策略。首先是预测策略，通过文章标题、图片等信息预测内容。例如看到“An Inspiring Teacher”的标题，学生可预测文章可能讲述一位老师鼓舞人心的事迹。其次是略读策略，快速浏览文章，把握大意。在阅读一篇介绍体育明星榜样的文章时，略读可得知其主要成就。再者是精读策略，仔细研读文章，理解细节，分析榜样的品质是如何通过具体事例展现的。比如在阅读关于雷锋（Lei Feng）的文章时，精读他帮助他人的具体事例，深入理解他的奉献精神（devotion spirit）。此外，还可运用推断策略，根据文中信息推断作者的态度或未明确表述的内容。如从对某榜样事迹的描述语气中，推断作者对该榜样的崇敬之情。 4. 文化品质：该主题蕴含着丰富的文化品质。在不同国家，榜样所代表的文化品质既有共通之处，又各具特色。在东方文化中，强调集体利益至上（put the collective interests first）、尊师重道（respect teachers and value education）等品质。像孔子（Confucius），他的儒家思想（Confucianism）影响深远，其倡导的仁爱（benevolence）、礼义（ritual and righteousness）等观念塑造了无数人的价值观，成为东方文化中榜样的典范。在西方文化里，注重个人英雄主义（personal heroism）、追求自由平等（pursue freedom and equality）等品质。例如超级英雄形象在西方文化中广受欢迎，他们以个人的力量拯救世界，体现了西方文化对个人能力和英雄行为的崇尚。同时，无论是东方还是西方，诚实、勇敢等基本品质都是被普遍认可和推崇的，这些共同的文化品质促进了不同文化间的交流与理解。 二、词汇句式 1. 主题词汇 人物身份：scientist（科学家）、teacher（教师）、doctor（医生）、artist（艺术家）、athlete（运动员）、inventor（发明家）、leader（领导者）、volunteer（志愿者）、musician（音乐家）、writer（作家） 人物品质：kindness（善良）、honesty（诚实）、perseverance（坚韧）、bravery（勇敢）、generosity（慷慨）、responsibility（责任）、creativity（创造力）、patience（耐心）、determination（决心）、modesty（谦虚） 行为动作：devote（奉献）、inspire（鼓舞）、influence（影响）、achieve（实现）、overcome（克服）、help（帮助）、teach（教导）、guide（引导）、serve（服务）、create（创造） 相关描述：famous（著名的）、excellent（优秀的）、outstanding（杰出的）、remarkable（非凡的）、inspiring（鼓舞人心的）、admirable（令人钦佩的）、respected（受尊敬的）、successful（成功的）、hard working（勤奋的）、talented（有天赋的） 2. 主题句式 描述榜样人物： My role model is...（我的榜样是……） ...is a famous + 人物身份 who...（……是一位著名的……，他/她……） The person I look up to most is...（我最敬仰的人是……） ...is widely respected for...（……因……而广受尊敬） As a role model,...has many excellent qualities.（作为一个榜样，……有许多优秀品质。） 阐述榜样的行为与影响： He/She devotes himself/herself to...（他/她致力于……） ...inspires me to...（……鼓舞我去……） His/Her actions have a great influence on me.（他/她的行为对我有很大影响。） By...,...teaches us the importance of...（通过……，……教会我们……的重要性。） ...achieved great success in...because of...（……在……方面取得巨大成功，因为……） 表达个人感受与决心： I admire...for...（我因……而钦佩……） I hope to be a person like...（我希望成为像……一样的人。） I will learn from...and try my best to...（我将向……学习，尽我最大努力去……） ...has set a good example for me.（……为我树立了一个好榜样。） I am determined to follow in...'s footsteps.（我决心追随……的脚步。） 三、阅读策略 1. 预测（Prediction）：在阅读前，学生可以通过标题、副标题、图片、图表以及文章开头的几句话来预测文章的大致内容。例如，如果文章标题是“My Favorite Role Model: Nelson Mandela”，学生可以预测文章可能会讲述曼德拉的生平事迹、他所面临的挑战以及他对世界产生的影响等。这样可以激发学生的阅读兴趣，同时也能帮助他们在阅读过程中有针对性地寻找信息。 2. 略读（Skimming）：快速浏览文章，获取文章的主旨大意。学生可以重点关注文章的标题、首尾段、每段的首句和尾句。对于关于榜样的文章，通过略读这些关键部分，能够快速了解文章介绍了哪位榜样，以及该榜样的主要成就或突出品质。比如在一篇介绍科学家榜样的文章中，略读可能发现文章主要讲述了这位科学家在某个领域的重大突破，以及他为此付出的努力。 3. 精读（Scanning）：在了解文章主旨后，进行精读，仔细阅读文章的每一个段落，理解其中的细节信息。对于描述榜样具体事迹和品质的句子要认真分析。例如，当文章中描述一位教师榜样如何耐心地帮助学习困难的学生时，学生需要精读这些句子，分析教师的具体行为，从而体会其耐心和敬业的品质。同时，注意文章中的生词、短语和复杂句式，结合上下文理解其含义。 4. 推断（Inference）：根据文章中提供的信息进行合理推断。有时文章不会直接说明榜样的某些品质或行为的影响，需要学生通过对具体事例的分析来推断。比如文章中提到一位志愿者经常利用业余时间去偏远地区支教，虽然没有直接说他有奉献精神，但学生可以从他的行为推断出这一品质。此外，还可以推断作者的写作意图、态度等。如果作者在描述榜样时使用了大量积极、赞扬的词汇，那么可以推断作者对该榜样持高度赞赏的态度。 5. 总结（Summarizing）：读完文章后，引导学生对文章内容进行总结。可以要求学生用自己的话概括榜样的主要事迹、品质以及对自己的启发。例如，在阅读完一篇关于体育明星榜样的文章后，学生可以总结为：“文章介绍了篮球明星迈克尔·乔丹，他凭借卓越的球技和顽强的斗志多次获得NBA总冠军。他的坚持和对胜利的渴望激励着我在面对困难时永不放弃。”通过总结，能够加深学生对文章的理解，同时也锻炼了他们的概括能力和语言表达能力。 综合实战演练 1 Donna Ashlock, a girl from California, was very sick. She had a bad heart. “Donna needs a new heart,” her doctor said. “She must have a new heart, or she will die soon.” Felipe Carza, 15 years old, was worried about Donna. Felipe was Donna’s best friend. He cared about her health very much. He didn’t want Donna to die. Months ago, his doctor told him he was going to die because of his illness. So he decided to give his heart to Donna. Felipe talked to his mother about Donna. “I am going to die,” Felipe told his mother, “and I am going to give my heart to Donna.” Felipe’s mother didn’t pay much attention to Felipe. “Felipe is just kidding,” she thought. “Felipe is not going to die. He’s strong and healthy.” But Felipe was not healthy. He had terrible headaches sometimes. “My head hurts,” he often told his friends. Felipe never told his parents about his headaches. One morning, Felipe woke up with a sharp pain in his head. He was dizzy (眩晕的) and he couldn’t breathe. His parents rushed Felipe to the hospital. Doctors at the hospital had terrible news for them. “Felipe’s brain is dead,” the doctors said. “We can’t save him.” His parents were very sad, but Felipe’s mother remembered her son’s words. So she told the doctors to give Felipe’s heart to Donna. The operation (手术) was successful. Felipe’s heart was beating in Donna’s body, but Donna didn’t know it. Her parents and doctors didn’t tell her. They waited until she was stronger, and then they told her about Felipe. “I feel very sad,” Donna said, “but I am thankful to Felipe.” “Every time we see Donna, we think of Felipe. She has Felipe’s heart. That gives us great peace,” Felipe’s brother John said. If everyone is ready to help others, our world will be a better place. 1．What was the matter with Donna? A．She had a headache. B．She had a toothache. C．She had a bad heart. D．She had a bad stomach. 2．From the passage, we know that _________. A．Donna needed a new heart instead of her own B．Felipe promised Donna to give her his heart C．Felipe never told anyone about his terrible headaches D．the doctors asked Felipe’s parents to donate (捐赠) his heart 3．The main idea of Paragraph 3 is _________. A．Felipe’s family were sad to see Donna B．Felipe died but gave a new life to Donna C．Donna was seriously sick and needed a big operation D．Felipe decided to give his heart to Donna and told his mother about it 4．The writer wants to tell us that we should _________. A．be ready to help others B．keep happy and healthy C．give our hearts to others D．remember Felipe for a long time 2 Anna Brown was an artist and she believed it was important to help others. When she heard of a summer camp for children with serious illnesses, she had an idea. It cost money for these kids to go to camp, so Anna decided to see what she could do to help. It was impossible for her to donate (捐赠) a lot of money, so she had to think of another way. She wanted to take advantage of (利用) her love of art. So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids. Because these cards were all handmade, it would take her a long time to make a lot of them. So Anna had another idea. She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards. At first her friends were hesitant (犹豫不决). Many said that they were not artistic and didn’t know how to make cards. But once they saw the beautiful materials (材料), her friends felt more comfortable doing things such as drawing and cutting in order to make a new card. But the materials were expensive. To make money without spending money, Anna asked for and got donations of paper, glue, scissors, and other things from nearby stores. She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year. Anna raised more than $30,000 in her 10 years making cards. 5．What was Anna? A．An artist. B．A doctor. C．A worker. D．A teacher. 6．What did Anna invite her friends to do? A．Sell cards. B．Make cards. C．Buy materials. D．Donate materials. 7．Why did Anna start making and selling cards? A．To have fun. B．To raise money for the sick kids. C．To make friends. D．To help homeless people. 8．Where did Anna sell her handmade cards? A．In her house. B．In her workroom. C．In nearby stores. D．In art markets. 9．Which of the following can best describe Anna? A．Kind. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Lazy. 3 Ethan Hill, now aged 13, started helping homeless (无家可归的) people when he was 6. Over time, his organization—Ethan’s Heart has grown. It allows him to open a free moving store and give out more than 5,000 care bags. His organization began when Ethan noticed a homeless man on his way to school each day, and he felt he had to do something to help. It was going to snow, and he was worried about the man. Ethan had received $100 on Christmas that year and he decided to find out what homeless people would need online. He bought some boxes and filled them with food, drinks, hats, a tent and other necessary things. Then he gave the boxes to the homeless. Later, Ethan won the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes and decided to use his prize money to help others. He used the money to buy a trailer (挂车) and turned it into a free store. His mom and dad help with money raising and everyday tasks. They both work to make his dreams come true—and he always dreams really big! In traditional food banks, homeless people have to take what is prepared for them and cannot choose. But Ethan’s free moving store allows them to pick exactly what they need. It creates less waste and makes them feel good for free shopping. When his trailer is not out serving the neighborhood, it goes to schools and other places to teach people about homelessness and the needs of the homeless. For Ethan, being young doesn’t stop him from making a difference. Instead, it gives him a fresh set of eyes to look at a problem and solve it. His story shows that even small acts can make a big difference in the world. 10．What made Ethan start his organization? A．Seeing a homeless man on the way to school. B．Advice from his parents about helping others. C．Winning a prize for helping someone in need. D．A school activity about helping the homeless. 11．How did Ethan use his prize money? A．To buy some Christmas gifts. B．To make 5,000 care bags. C．To give money to the homeless. D．To buy a trailer to help others. 12．How is Ethan’s moving store different? A．It prepares better food and clothes. B．It lets the homeless choose what they need. C．It provides cheaper food and drinks. D．It stays in the same neighborhood every day. 13．Which word can describe Ethan Hill best? A．Talented. B．Humorous. C．Kind-hearted. D．Rich. 4 Tao Yong is an excellent ophthalmologist at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. He helps others with their eye problems. But in 2020, something bad happened to Tao when he worked at the hospital. His head, neck, and hands were hurt badly, and he couldn’t use his left hand as well as before. It made him experience the darkest time of his life. Many people thought he might not be able to go back to work. However, he loved being a doctor and he wanted to help those in need. So more than three months later, he went back to work. He helped people with eye problems again, even though it was hard for him. He learned how to do his job again. And luckily, after almost a year of training, Tao picked up the scalpel (手术刀) again. He believes it is a new beginning for him. He starts some new things, too. He uses AI to help people with eye problems. He also talks to people online to make them know how important it is to take care of their eyes. Tao sets an example to everyone. He shows us that even when we are in trouble, we can still be strong and do good things. 14．What does the word “ophthalmologist” in the first paragraph mean in Chinese? A．儿科医生 B．眼科医生 C．外科医生 15．Which part of Tao Yong’s body got hurt badly? A．His right arm. B．His left hand. C．His left foot. 16．How long did it take Tao Yong to be able to pick up the scalpel again? A．Three months. B．Six months. C．Almost a year. 17．Why does Tao Yong talk to people online? A．To teach them how to use AI well. B．To tell them how to become famous. C．To tell them about the importance of eye care. 18．Why did the writer write this passage? A．To tell readers the story of a great doctor. B．To advise people to show kindness to others. C．To advise people to take good care of their eyes. 5 Recently, a school in Yinchuan held an event. This event was to give a prize to a teenager, Guo Qing. His brave action of helping his classmate during an earthquake got a lot of attention (关注) online. At 4:43 in the afternoon on January 2, an earthquake hit Yinchuan’s Jinfeng area. The students were having classes when the teaching building shook heavily. Everyone at the school was shocked and tried to get out of the building. At that important moment, Guo Qing, a second-year high school student, showed great courage and kindness. Guo Qing was running too, but suddenly, he saw a classmate. He had difficulty in moving. Without thinking twice, Guo decided to help. He carried the classmate on his back. Step by step, he made their way out of the teaching building. Finally, they got to a safe place. The school’s cameras recorded the action. “The action of this child will encourage more children to be kind to people,” said the school’s head teacher. Guo got a scholarship (奖学金). With this scholarship, he will be able to go to Germany and continue his studies there. “I was shocked and afraid at first. But at that time, my main feeling was to never leave my classmate behind,” Guo said. “Everyone was safe, and that’s what matters.” 19．What were the students doing when the earthquake happened? A．They were doing sports. B．They were having a rest. C．They were having an exam. D．They were having classes. 20．What’s wrong with the classmate mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．He couldn’t move fast. B．He lost his way. C．He fell down when running. D．He couldn’t see things clearly. 21．How will Guo Qing deal with the scholarship? A．To have a further study. B．To set up a study program. C．To help repair the school building. D．To give it away to help more people. 22．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s easy for Guo to help that classmate. B．Guo was also afraid when the earthquake happened. C．Guo helped his classmate by giving him a first aid. D．The school’s head teacher used his phone to record Guo’s action. 23．Which of the following can best describe Guo Qing? A．Honest and shy. B．Independent and funny. C．Brave and kind. D．Clever and funny. 6 Catalina Campos, an 11-year-old girl, loves helping the elderly. Her story of kindness began when she was three. Since her mom worked at a nursing home, Catalina went there with her a lot. During festivals, she would prepare small gifts for people there, bringing joy to their faces. As Catalina grew older, she wanted to do more. She founded a non-profit organization (非营利组织) named Circul KC． The purpose is to let other kids join the charity (慈善) event to show kindness. On Mother’s Day, they packed flowers with heart-warming cards for the elderly women. They also gave out hundreds of cards on special days, each with best wishes written on it. Besides, they collected donations (捐赠物) of medicine and clothes for the elderly. Then they set everything up at different places around the city, and people could take what they needed for free. The name Circul KC has a special meaning. Catalina explained, “When somebody gives something to us, we can give it to somebody else. Then they can give it to somebody else. It makes a circle of kindness.” A lot of kids are afraid to try new things. Catalina often tells them, “Don’t be shy and nervous. Just smile and you can do it!” 24．Why did Catalina often go to the nursing home? A．Her mother worked there. B．She liked the games there. C．Her school asked her to go. D．She wanted to make money. 25．What is the main goal of Circul KC? A．To teach kids to draw different cards. B．To help kids show kindness together. C．To plant some flowers for the elderly. D．To sell lots of cards on special days. 26．What donations did Circul KC collect for the elderly? A． B． C． D． 27．What can we know about the name “Circul KC”? A．It is a famous elderly man’s name. B．It is a place where kids can play. C．It stands for a cycle of kindness. D．It teaches kids how to make money. 28．Which of the following words could best describe Catalina? A．Brave. B．Patient. C．Quiet. D．Caring. 7 March 5th is “Lei Feng Day”. It started more than sixty years ago. Is the spirit of Lei Feng outdated? Some people showed us that it is not. But people also changed the ways to help others. Zhao Ming started to volunteer 18 years ago. She still remembers her experiences at an old people’s home several years ago. An old man held her hand and said, “You don’t need to do anything for us. Seeing young people here is all we need…” Those words made Zhao Ming think: how can we better help people? “Before we give a helping hand, we should find out what they want,” Zhao said to the Qilu Evening News. Besides Zhao, other people showed their understanding of the spirit of Lei Feng. Do you still remember the “Noodle Fever” in Zhengzhou, Hennan? One local man, Li Gang, had a serious illness and needed a lot of money for an operation (手术). However, what he asked for wasn’t charity (施舍), but for more people to come to eat noodles at his restaurant. Li’s story spread quickly. Soon his restaurant was filled with people every day and Li could have his operation on February 2nd. In this way, people could help Li without hurting his dignity (尊严). 29．The underlined word “outdated” in Paragraph 1 means “________”. A．流行的 B．过时的 C．重要的 D．有趣的 30．According to Zhao Ming, we must ________ before we help others. A．know what they really need B．have some volunteer experiences C．spend some money D．learn some skills 31．How did Li Gang expect people to help him? A．By giving him some money. B．By looking after him in the hospital. C．By eating noodles at his restaurant. D．By doing some work in his restaurant. 8 It seems obvious to say that being on the receiving end of kindness makes you feel good. But, while a kind act can’t provide you with any calories, it’s not simply a throwaway experience. When someone is surprisingly kind to you—a stranger holds open a door for you, or your coffee is on the house—the act triggers (触发) activity in the nucleus accumbens. It’s an area of the brain often referred to as the pleasure center. In 2021, more than 60,000 participants completed the Kindness Test questionnaire (调查问卷) online. The results showed that carrying out kind acts had benefits for well-being. Whether you’re giving or receiving kindness, you’re likely to feel better. People who regularly volunteer or donate money to charities talk of the warm glow they feel from their good deeds. Of all the kind acts, volunteering provides among the biggest benefits for giver and receiver alike. Studies showed that regular volunteering reduced the risk of dying by around a quarter. Kindness at home has impacts, too. One study of 59 women found that a hug with a partner lowered blood pressure and heart rate. Studies have also shown that simply noticing kindness and feeling gratitude (感谢) has positive impacts on the body, boosting the nervous system’s ability to lower a fast heart rate. Those who keep weekly gratitude journals have been found to enjoy improved measures of well-being. The more often they exercise, the more positive and physically healthier they are than those who don’t. Kindness doesn’t have to involve a lot of time, money or effort. Here are some simple ways you can practice being kinder that take next to no time at all: ·Praise a stranger for something. ·Make a cup of tea for a colleague. ·Buy a small gift for a friend or donate to a charity. ·Text a family member to let them know you love them. ·Send a thank-you email to someone you’ve worked with. Kindness is really important. It builds our empathy (同理心), develops deeper relationships and promotes good heart health. It’s contagious (有感染力的), too. By being kind, you’ll influence the people around you to be kinder, so they’ll also enjoy all the benefits. 32．The phrase “a throwaway experience” in the first paragraph most likely means something that is ________. A．highly memorable and meaningful B．easily forgotten or unimportant C．physically exhausting but rewarding D．expensive but worth the cost 33．What was one of the findings from the 2021 Kindness Test questionnaire? A．Most people prefer receiving kindness over giving it. B．Carrying out kind acts improved participants’ well-being. C．Kindness only benefits the receiver, not the giver. D．Kindness requires a lot of time and money. 34．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Science Behind Kindness and Its Benefits. B．How to Make Friends Through Kind Acts. C．The History of Kindness in Human Society. D．Why Money Can’t Buy Happiness. 9 Lu Junling, a security guard (保安) from Hebei University, became popular on the Internet. As a normal person, though Lu Junling is more than 50 years old, he memorizes English vocabulary for CBT-6 under the street lights every day just to improve himself. When he is free, he also writes novels and sings operas. That’s not all. Painting, music, kung fu, ancient poems, etc. are all his hobbies. So a number of people call him “treasure security guard”. Lu Junling said, “If I want to become an artist, I will always work hard for my dream!” Mr. Lu’s words live in many people’s memory. In fact, there are many dream runners in university. They not only love their jobs, but also keep on learning. For example. Xing Guoqin, a cleaning lady from Tsinghua University, started to learn piano by self-learning at the age of 55. What a great surprise! “Your hobbies have nothing to do with your age. It’s never too late to do things you love,” she said. A professional cook in a college dining hall asked for leave from work to be a judge for the Winter Olympic Games, which has surprised many people. And they couldn’t help saying, “He is too powerful to hide!” Though they all just have ordinary jobs, they never forget to chase their dreams. Their positive attitude and their brave efforts have amazed the whole world. They show their own strength to the world, “Life has no limits. You can do anything if you have a strong will. Whoever has a drear is fantastic!” 35．Many people call Lu Junling “treasure security guard” because ________. A．he writes operas and sings English songs B．he is a great artist with his hard work C．he has many hobbies, and he works hard for them D．he keeps memorizing English words every day 36．What does the underlined word “chase” in the last paragraph mean? A．run after B．look after C．give up D．go through 37．Xing Guoqin learned to play the piano by ________. A．having the teacher’s help B．having the piano lessons C．learning by herself D．learning from the teacher 38．Which is the following is not true according to the passage? A．They all have ordinary jobs and they like hiding their power. B．These three people are working in different universities. C．They all have a strong will and show their strength to the world. D．Many people can’t believe the judge for the Winter Olympics is a cook. 39．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Future Planners. B．Dream Followers. C．Different Lives. D．Wonderful Jobs. 10 Fifteen-year-old Jaclyn Gomez noticed that many people around her were going through hard times. Her sister Amy didn’t feel happy because she had no friends in her new school. Her friend Tony felt sad because he hadn’t seen his parents for a long time. So Jaclyn Gomez wanted to bring delight and love to them. “I thought of this idea because there were a lot of sadnesses in our life and I wanted to make people I love feel happy,” Jaclyn said. Later, she decided to invite Tony to have dinner together. “Amy and Tony often feel lonely, so I want to be with them. Tony came and we enjoyed a delicious dinner. Then we went for a walk and took many photos. Finally, we sang songs happily and loudly. It was really exciting!” she said. Jaclyn Gomez’s parents were proud of her and said she did the right thing. Jaclyn said she just wanted to make people happy. In the future, she will go on bringing happiness to others. 40．Why did Amy feel unhappy in her new school? A．Because she missed her parents. B．Because she failed the exams. C．Because she had no friends. D．Because she lost the flowers. 41．What does the underlined word “delight” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．知识 B．快乐 C．健康 D．梦想 42．What did Tony do according to Paragraph 2? ①had dinner     ②took photos         ③sang songs ④made a meal     ⑤went for a walk     ⑥played cards A．①③④⑤ B．②③⑤⑥ C．③④⑤⑥ D．①②③⑤ 43．Which of the following word can best describe Jaclyn? A．Serious. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Friendly. 11 Have you heard the saying “If you fall off the horse, get back on.”? It means that things may get difficult, and you may make many mistakes. But you should have the passion (激情) and energy to keep going. This is called perseverance. It can help you get a lot of things. Perseverance means keeping doing something for a long time. It doesn’t matter if it is easy or difficult. For example, you practise a trick on your bike again and again. Or you finish a picture without giving up and start over. These show perseverance. Florence, a 13-year-old girl, says, “It means never giving up and trying hard to push yourself. I go running with my mum three times a week. Sometimes I feel good and sometimes I don’t. But I still do it because I want to be the fastest in my class. Whether in good situations or bad ones, we need perseverance.” Studies show that when you feel hopeful and work for a goal you really want, it can reduce stress (压力) and make you feel happier. When you get something you worked hard for and face difficulties on the way, it can develop your confidence and make you feel braver to try new things. Angela Duckworth is an expert (专家) about people’s thoughts and feelings. She studies perseverance and calls it “grit”. She thinks that having grit is really important for us to succeed. She says, “No matter how talented (有天赋的) you are at something or how well you do in school, you must have grit. When things are hard, perseverance is even more important. It can help you get past the hard times and reach your goals.” Duckworth believes perseverance is something anyone can learn. The best way to learn it is to have a growth mind. This means believing that your brain can grow. You can get anything if you put your mind to it. So don’t think, “I can’t do this”, try thinking, “I can’t do this... yet”. As the book The Big Life Journal says, “People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard. They keep trying even when things are difficult.” 44．Why does the writer take Florence for example in Paragraph 2? A．To introduce what perseverance means. B．To talk about how to train running skills. C．To present the advantages of perseverance. D．To show the importance of staying with parents. 45．According to the passage, what can help us reduce stress? A．Developing talents through mistakes. B．Building confidence in hard situations. C．Trying hard for our dreams with hope. D．Keeping doing things without thinking. 46．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Goals are easier to reach in difficult times. B．Talent is the most important for us to succeed. C．Being clever will help us do well in our lessons. D．Knowing we can get better helps us develop grit. 47．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Perseverance B．The Tips to Reach the Goals C．The Ways to Solve Difficulties D．The Meaning of Thinking Habits ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$