17.Unit 4 Role Models（语法知识）-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固（北师大版2024）

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 4 Role Models语法知识 必备知识清单 重点语法释疑 一、反身代词的用法 1.构成 第一人称、第二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+self/selves”构成，如myself（我自己）、ourselves（我们自己）、yourself（你自己）、yourselves（你们自己）。第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+self/selves”构成，如himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己）、themselves（他们自己）。 2.用法 作宾语：当宾语和主语是同一人或物时，用反身代词作宾语。例如，He hurt himself when he fell off the bike.（他从自行车上摔下来时伤了自己。） 作同位语：用来加强语气，表示“亲自、本人”。例如，I myself saw the accident happen.（我自己亲眼看到了事故的发生。） 作介词宾语：常用于by oneself结构，表示“独自地”。例如，She finished the work by herself.（她独自完成了这项工作。） 二、 Verb+V-ing的用法 1.构成 动词原形加 -ing构成，变化规则如下： 一般情况直接在动词原形后加 -ing，如work - working，play - playing。 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加 -ing，如write - writing，make - making。 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ing，如run - running，swim - swimming。 以ie结尾的动词，把ie变为y，再加 -ing，如lie - lying，die - dying。 2.用法 作宾语：有些动词后只能接V - ing形式作宾语，常见的有enjoy, finish, mind, keep, practise等。例如，She enjoys reading novels in her free time.（她喜欢在空闲时间读小说。） 作宾语补足语：在一些感官动词如see, watch, hear, notice, observe等和使役动词如have, get, keep等后，用V - ing形式作宾语补足语，表示宾语正在进行的动作。例如，I saw him playing football on the playground.（我看见他正在操场上踢足球。） 作定语：单个V - ing形式作定语通常放在被修饰名词之前，V - ing短语作定语要放在被修饰名词之后。例如，The running boy is my brother.（那个正在跑步的男孩是我的弟弟。）The house standing at the corner of the street is very old.（位于街道拐角处的那座房子很旧了。） 作状语：V - ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、伴随等。例如，Walking in the park, she met an old friend.（她在公园散步时遇到了一位老朋友。） 三、Used to的用法 1.词汇意义 表示“过去常常做某事或存在某种状态，但现在已不再如此”，强调过去与现在的对比。 2.句型结构 肯定句：主语+used to+动词原形。例如，They used to play tennis after school.（他们过去常常放学后打网球。） 否定句：主语+didn't use to+动词原形或主语+used not to+动词原形。例如，He didn't use to drink coffee. = He used not to drink coffee.（他过去不喝咖啡。） 疑问句：Did+主语+use to+动词原形？例如，Did you use to live in London?（你过去住在伦敦吗？） 【注意事项】used to后接动词原形，不可接动名词。常搭配模糊过去时间词，如when I was young, in the past, years ago等。 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1．John taught ________ how to solve the puzzle by carefully studying the instructions. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 2．Don’t worry about him. He can take good care of ________. A．yourself B．myself C．herself D．himself 3．The book on the shelf is ________. She wrote ________ name on its cover ________. A．hers; her; herself B．her; hers; herself C．herself; her; hers D．her; herself; her 4．—Fin made great progress in the last exam. Who taught ________? —No one. He taught ________. A．he; him B．him; himself C．he; himself D．him; him 5．I learned the recipe for this cake from a friend of ________. I hope you all like it and enjoy ________ at the party. A．me; yourselves B．mine; yourself C．mine; you D．mine; yourselves 6．—Who taught ________ English, kids? —Nobody. We just learnt it ________. A．your; by ourselves B．you; for ourselves C．you; by ourselves D．your; for ourselves 7．The young man plans to watch a funny movie to cheer ________ up. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 8．Wang Peng fell down and hurt ________ while he played soccer yesterday. A．himself B．he C．his D．him 9．Bill likes the monkey very much, because it can usually look after ________ well. A．itself B．himself C．myself D．themselves 10．The little dog is too young to take care of ________. Let’s look after it. A．yourself B．myself C．itself D．himself 11．I put a photo of ________ inside the letter. My dress is very beautiful, isn’t it? A．my B．mine C．myself D．I 12．Kitty is too excited to express ________ clearly. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 13．Wang Hong is twelve years old. She can look after ________ now. A．herself B．himself C．itself D．themselves 14．The baby is too young. Don’t leave her at home by ________. A．yourself B．myself C．himself D．herself 15．The best way to find yourself is to lose________ in the service to others. A．herself B．myself C．yourself D．himself 16．He fixed the broken chair ______ without any help. A．him B．his C．he D．himself 17．Hi, kids! Help ________ to some fruit. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 18．Lucy finished the science project all by ________ without any help. A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself 19．Let’s make the cake ________. It will be much cheaper. A．us B．our C．ourselves D．ours 20．—________ delicious rice dumplings! Did you buy them in a store? —No, my mother made them by ________. A．What, her B．What, herself C．How, her D．How, herself 21．It’s Sunday today. Let’s just relax and enjoy ________ in the nature park. A．we B．us C．ours D．ourselves 22．Boys and girls, you should look after ________ when your parents are not at home. A．you B．yours C．yourself D．yourselves 23．These driverless cars are amazing. They can drive ________. A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 24．Wang Ling practices ________ pictures with her friends every day. A．paint B．painting C．to paint D．to painting 25．There used to ________ a beautiful lake near Helen’s house. When she was a child, she was used to ________ a walk around it after supper. A．have; take B．have; taking C．be; take D．be; taking 26．I spent three hours ________ this book. A．finish reading B．to finish reading C．finishing reading D．finishing to reading 27．Be quiet! Stop ________. I’m trying to work. A．talking B．to talk C．to talking D．talked 28．He stopped her from ________ out. A．goes B．went C．gone D．going 29．________ model planes is my hobby. A．Make B．Making C．Made D．To making 30．Betty enjoys ________ a volunteer in the school library. A．offering to be B．to offer being C．offer being D．offering being 31．Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; to explain C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 32．We should stop the person from ________ in public. A．smoking B．to smoke C．smokes D．smoked 33．The boy has trouble in ________ with his brother for a long time. A．swim B．swam C．to swim D．swimming 34．If your dad doesn’t encourage you ________ more, you can’t succeed ________ this job. A．to practice; in finishing B．to practice; to finish C．practising; to finish D．practising; in finishing 35．________ Christmas cards ________ a popular tradition in many countries. A．Exchange; are B．Exchanging; are C．Exchange; is D．Exchanging; is 36．—I’m worried about ________ the school bus. —Don’t worry! But if you fail ________ on time, I can give you a ride. A．to miss; to arrive B．missing; to arrive C．missing; arriving D．to miss; arriving 37．You shouldn’t waste time ________ online. Why not ________ your community? A．shopping; to help B．to shop; helping C．shopping; help D．to shop; to help 38．He continued ________ the mountain until he got to the top. A．to climb B．climbing C．climbed D．climb 39．Our class teacher asked us to stop ______ and listen to her carefully. A．write B．writing C．to writing D．to write 40．I enjoy ________ books in the library. A．read B．reading C．reads D．to read 41．—Did your father use to ______ to work? —Yes, but now he is used to ______ the subway. It’s more eco-friendly. A．drive; take B．driving; take C．drive; taking 42．Tim used to ________ outdoors, but now he gets used to ________ on the phone. A．play; play B．playing; play C．play; playing 43．Good communication ________ building strong friendships. We should learn to express ourselves clearly. A．plays an important role in B．takes pride in C．gets used to D．looks forward to 44．The new movie ________ changed her idea about science fiction—she used to think it was boring. A．completely B．gradually C．suddenly D．hardly 45．It’s important ________ us to learn how to communicate with others. A．for B．of C．with D．to 二、完成句子 46．园艺时戴手套，保护自己不受伤。 Wear gloves to getting hurt when gardening. 47．他们从椅子上掉下来，伤到了自己。 They hurt by chairs. 48．一些人在面对困难时总想挑战自己。 Some people always want to in the face of difficulties. 49．他对自己说：“就再坚持一个月！” “Just one more month!” he said . 50．我不相信Mike打篮球是自学的。 I can’t believe Mike to play basketball. 51．人们应该学会怎样保护自己。 People should learn how to . 52．琳达自学的法语。 Linda French. 53．王林学会了自己做饭。 Wang Lin learned to cook . 54．为什么不自己制作一张卡片呢？ Why not make a card ？ 55．彼得只有两岁，但他能自己穿衣服。 Peter is only two years old, but he can by himself. 56．詹妮擅长学习语言。 Jenny languages. 57．我期待着有一个精彩的星期！ I’m looking forward another fantastic week! 58．她恐高，但不会放弃梦想。 She has a of heights, but it won’t her her dream. 59．每个人都应该为保护濒危的野生动物出一份力。 Everyone should endangered wild animals. 60．她期待在空中飞行并体验有趣的事。 She is in the sky and interesting things. 61．他能用一把剪刀剪出漂亮的剪纸。 He can use to cut out . 62．学校要求我们在本学期末把所有的书都还回图书馆。 The school requires us to bring back all the books to the library this term. 63．我过去常常在日记中写下我的感受和想法。 I used to my feelings and thoughts in my diaries. 64．互联网使我们相互交流更加便捷。 Internet makes it more convenient for us to each other. 65．现在，他能够适应学校的一切。 He get used to everything at school now. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 4 Role Models语法知识 必备知识清单 重点语法释疑 一、反身代词的用法 1.构成 第一人称、第二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+self/selves”构成，如myself（我自己）、ourselves（我们自己）、yourself（你自己）、yourselves（你们自己）。第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+self/selves”构成，如himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己）、themselves（他们自己）。 2.用法 作宾语：当宾语和主语是同一人或物时，用反身代词作宾语。例如，He hurt himself when he fell off the bike.（他从自行车上摔下来时伤了自己。） 作同位语：用来加强语气，表示“亲自、本人”。例如，I myself saw the accident happen.（我自己亲眼看到了事故的发生。） 作介词宾语：常用于by oneself结构，表示“独自地”。例如，She finished the work by herself.（她独自完成了这项工作。） 二、 Verb+V-ing的用法 1.构成 动词原形加 -ing构成，变化规则如下： 一般情况直接在动词原形后加 -ing，如work - working，play - playing。 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加 -ing，如write - writing，make - making。 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ing，如run - running，swim - swimming。 以ie结尾的动词，把ie变为y，再加 -ing，如lie - lying，die - dying。 2.用法 作宾语：有些动词后只能接V - ing形式作宾语，常见的有enjoy, finish, mind, keep, practise等。例如，She enjoys reading novels in her free time.（她喜欢在空闲时间读小说。） 作宾语补足语：在一些感官动词如see, watch, hear, notice, observe等和使役动词如have, get, keep等后，用V - ing形式作宾语补足语，表示宾语正在进行的动作。例如，I saw him playing football on the playground.（我看见他正在操场上踢足球。） 作定语：单个V - ing形式作定语通常放在被修饰名词之前，V - ing短语作定语要放在被修饰名词之后。例如，The running boy is my brother.（那个正在跑步的男孩是我的弟弟。）The house standing at the corner of the street is very old.（位于街道拐角处的那座房子很旧了。） 作状语：V - ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、伴随等。例如，Walking in the park, she met an old friend.（她在公园散步时遇到了一位老朋友。） 三、Used to的用法 1.词汇意义 表示“过去常常做某事或存在某种状态，但现在已不再如此”，强调过去与现在的对比。 2.句型结构 肯定句：主语+used to+动词原形。例如，They used to play tennis after school.（他们过去常常放学后打网球。） 否定句：主语+didn't use to+动词原形或主语+used not to+动词原形。例如，He didn't use to drink coffee. = He used not to drink coffee.（他过去不喝咖啡。） 疑问句：Did+主语+use to+动词原形？例如，Did you use to live in London?（你过去住在伦敦吗？） 【注意事项】used to后接动词原形，不可接动名词。常搭配模糊过去时间词，如when I was young, in the past, years ago等。 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1．John taught ________ how to solve the puzzle by carefully studying the instructions. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 2．Don’t worry about him. He can take good care of ________. A．yourself B．myself C．herself D．himself 3．The book on the shelf is ________. She wrote ________ name on its cover ________. A．hers; her; herself B．her; hers; herself C．herself; her; hers D．her; herself; her 4．—Fin made great progress in the last exam. Who taught ________? —No one. He taught ________. A．he; him B．him; himself C．he; himself D．him; him 5．I learned the recipe for this cake from a friend of ________. I hope you all like it and enjoy ________ at the party. A．me; yourselves B．mine; yourself C．mine; you D．mine; yourselves 6．—Who taught ________ English, kids? —Nobody. We just learnt it ________. A．your; by ourselves B．you; for ourselves C．you; by ourselves D．your; for ourselves 7．The young man plans to watch a funny movie to cheer ________ up. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 8．Wang Peng fell down and hurt ________ while he played soccer yesterday. A．himself B．he C．his D．him 9．Bill likes the monkey very much, because it can usually look after ________ well. A．itself B．himself C．myself D．themselves 10．The little dog is too young to take care of ________. Let’s look after it. A．yourself B．myself C．itself D．himself 11．I put a photo of ________ inside the letter. My dress is very beautiful, isn’t it? A．my B．mine C．myself D．I 12．Kitty is too excited to express ________ clearly. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 13．Wang Hong is twelve years old. She can look after ________ now. A．herself B．himself C．itself D．themselves 14．The baby is too young. Don’t leave her at home by ________. A．yourself B．myself C．himself D．herself 15．The best way to find yourself is to lose________ in the service to others. A．herself B．myself C．yourself D．himself 16．He fixed the broken chair ______ without any help. A．him B．his C．he D．himself 17．Hi, kids! Help ________ to some fruit. A．you B．your C．yourself D．yourselves 18．Lucy finished the science project all by ________ without any help. A．herself B．yourself C．myself D．himself 19．Let’s make the cake ________. It will be much cheaper. A．us B．our C．ourselves D．ours 20．—________ delicious rice dumplings! Did you buy them in a store? —No, my mother made them by ________. A．What, her B．What, herself C．How, her D．How, herself 21．It’s Sunday today. Let’s just relax and enjoy ________ in the nature park. A．we B．us C．ours D．ourselves 22．Boys and girls, you should look after ________ when your parents are not at home. A．you B．yours C．yourself D．yourselves 23．These driverless cars are amazing. They can drive ________. A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 24．Wang Ling practices ________ pictures with her friends every day. A．paint B．painting C．to paint D．to painting 25．There used to ________ a beautiful lake near Helen’s house. When she was a child, she was used to ________ a walk around it after supper. A．have; take B．have; taking C．be; take D．be; taking 26．I spent three hours ________ this book. A．finish reading B．to finish reading C．finishing reading D．finishing to reading 27．Be quiet! Stop ________. I’m trying to work. A．talking B．to talk C．to talking D．talked 28．He stopped her from ________ out. A．goes B．went C．gone D．going 29．________ model planes is my hobby. A．Make B．Making C．Made D．To making 30．Betty enjoys ________ a volunteer in the school library. A．offering to be B．to offer being C．offer being D．offering being 31．Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; to explain C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 32．We should stop the person from ________ in public. A．smoking B．to smoke C．smokes D．smoked 33．The boy has trouble in ________ with his brother for a long time. A．swim B．swam C．to swim D．swimming 34．If your dad doesn’t encourage you ________ more, you can’t succeed ________ this job. A．to practice; in finishing B．to practice; to finish C．practising; to finish D．practising; in finishing 35．________ Christmas cards ________ a popular tradition in many countries. A．Exchange; are B．Exchanging; are C．Exchange; is D．Exchanging; is 36．—I’m worried about ________ the school bus. —Don’t worry! But if you fail ________ on time, I can give you a ride. A．to miss; to arrive B．missing; to arrive C．missing; arriving D．to miss; arriving 37．You shouldn’t waste time ________ online. Why not ________ your community? A．shopping; to help B．to shop; helping C．shopping; help D．to shop; to help 38．He continued ________ the mountain until he got to the top. A．to climb B．climbing C．climbed D．climb 39．Our class teacher asked us to stop ______ and listen to her carefully. A．write B．writing C．to writing D．to write 40．I enjoy ________ books in the library. A．read B．reading C．reads D．to read 41．—Did your father use to ______ to work? —Yes, but now he is used to ______ the subway. It’s more eco-friendly. A．drive; take B．driving; take C．drive; taking 42．Tim used to ________ outdoors, but now he gets used to ________ on the phone. A．play; play B．playing; play C．play; playing 43．Good communication ________ building strong friendships. We should learn to express ourselves clearly. A．plays an important role in B．takes pride in C．gets used to D．looks forward to 44．The new movie ________ changed her idea about science fiction—she used to think it was boring. A．completely B．gradually C．suddenly D．hardly 45．It’s important ________ us to learn how to communicate with others. A．for B．of C．with D．to 二、完成句子 46．园艺时戴手套，保护自己不受伤。 Wear gloves to getting hurt when gardening. 47．他们从椅子上掉下来，伤到了自己。 They hurt by chairs. 48．一些人在面对困难时总想挑战自己。 Some people always want to in the face of difficulties. 49．他对自己说：“就再坚持一个月！” “Just one more month!” he said . 50．我不相信Mike打篮球是自学的。 I can’t believe Mike to play basketball. 51．人们应该学会怎样保护自己。 People should learn how to . 52．琳达自学的法语。 Linda French. 53．王林学会了自己做饭。 Wang Lin learned to cook . 54．为什么不自己制作一张卡片呢？ Why not make a card ？ 55．彼得只有两岁，但他能自己穿衣服。 Peter is only two years old, but he can by himself. 56．詹妮擅长学习语言。 Jenny languages. 57．我期待着有一个精彩的星期！ I’m looking forward another fantastic week! 58．她恐高，但不会放弃梦想。 She has a of heights, but it won’t her her dream. 59．每个人都应该为保护濒危的野生动物出一份力。 Everyone should endangered wild animals. 60．她期待在空中飞行并体验有趣的事。 She is in the sky and interesting things. 61．他能用一把剪刀剪出漂亮的剪纸。 He can use to cut out . 62．学校要求我们在本学期末把所有的书都还回图书馆。 The school requires us to bring back all the books to the library this term. 63．我过去常常在日记中写下我的感受和想法。 I used to my feelings and thoughts in my diaries. 64．互联网使我们相互交流更加便捷。 Internet makes it more convenient for us to each other. 65．现在，他能够适应学校的一切。 He get used to everything at school now. 参考答案 一、 1．D 【解析】句意：John通过仔细研究说明书，自学了如何解决这个谜题。 考查代词辨析。he（主格）他；him（宾格）他；his（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）他的；himself（反身代词）他自己。句中主语为John，宾语与主语指同一人，应用反身代词，构成“teach oneself”结构，意为 “自学”，故选D。 2．D 【解析】句意：别担心他，他能照顾好自己。 考查反身代词的用法。yourself你自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。主语为“He”，对应的反身代词应为“himself”。故选D。 3．A 【解析】句意：架子上的书是她的。她自己把她的名字写在了书的封面上。 考查代词辨析。hers她的（东西），名词性物主代词；her她的，宾格或形容词性物主代词；herself她自己。第一空表示“她的书”her book，可以用名词性物主代词hers“她的（东西）”来代替。第二空是在名词name前作定语，要用形容词性物主代词her“她的”来修饰。第三空用反身代词，反身代词oneself用在动词后面，可以强调主语，表示“某人自己”，这里表示“她自己”写的，用herself。故选A。 4．B 【解析】句意：——Fin在上次考试中取得了很大进步。谁教他的？——没人。他是自学的。 考查代词辨析。he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。设空处前是动词“taught”，接人称代词宾格him；第二空表示“自学”，需用反身代词。故选B。 5．D 【解析】句意：我从我的一个朋友那里学到了这个蛋糕的做法。希望你们在派对上都喜欢，玩得开心。 考查代词辨析。me我，宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；you你/你们，主格或宾格。第一空：“a friend of+名词性物主代词”是固定结构，意为 “……的一个朋友”，“mine”是名词性物主代词，相当于“my friends”，符合语境。第二空：“enjoy oneself”是固定短语，意为 “玩得开心”，句中“you all” 表示复数，因此对应的反身代词应为“yourselves”，故选D。 6．C 【解析】句意：——谁教你们英语，孩子们？——没人教。我们是自学的。 考查代词辨析和介词短语。第一空“taught”是及物动词，后接宾格，“you”是宾格，“your”是形容词性物主代词，所以第一空用“you”；第二空“by oneself”表示“独自；靠自己” ，“for oneself”表示“为自己”，这里说没人教，是自己学的，用“by ourselves”。故选C。 7．C 【解析】句意：这个年轻人计划看一部有趣的电影来让自己开心起来。 考查代词辨析。him他，宾格人称代词；his他的，物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词；he他，主格人称代词。根据“The young man plans to watch a funny movie to cheer…up.”可知，此处应该填入反身代词himself，作宾语，表达这个年轻人计划看一部有趣的电影来让自己开心起来。故选C。 8．A 【解析】句意：王鹏昨天踢足球时摔倒了，伤了自己。 考查代词。himself他自己；he他；his他的；him他。根据“Wang Peng fell down and hurt...”可知，王鹏伤了他自己，宾语和主语是同一主体时用反身代词。故选A。 9．A 【解析】句意：比尔非常喜欢这只猴子，因为它通常能很好地照顾自己。 考查反身代词。itself它本身；himself他自己；myself我自己；themselves他们自己。空处所在句的主语为“it”，用反身代词itself。故选A。 10．C 【解析】句意：这只小狗太小了，无法照顾它自己。我们来照顾它吧。 考查反身代词辨析。 yourself 你自己；myself 我自己； itself 它自己；himself 他自己 。根据“The little dog is too young to take care of ...”可知，应该是小狗太小而无法照顾“它自己”。故选C。 11．C 【解析】句意：我在信里放了一张我自己的照片。我的连衣裙很漂亮，不是吗？ 考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词，后需接名词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己；I我。根据“My dress is very beautiful”可知，照片里是我本人，“a photo of myself”表示“我自己的照片”，故选C。 12．D 【解析】句意：Kitty太兴奋了，无法清楚地表达自己。 考查代词辨析。she她；her她；hers她的；herself她自己。根据“Kitty is too excited to express...clearly”可知，她兴奋到以至于无法清楚地表达自己，用反身代词herself。故选D。 13．A 【解析】句意：王红今年12岁。她现在可以照顾自己了。 考查反身代词的用法。herself她自己；himself他自己；itself它自己；themselves他们自己。句子的主语“She”和“look after”的宾语是同一个人，故用反身代词“herself”。故选A。 14．D 【解析】句意：这个婴儿太小了。别把她一个人留在家里。 考查反身代词辨析。yourself你自己；myself我自己；himself他自己；herself她自己。根据“Don’t leave her at home by...”可知，是指别把她独自留在家里。by oneself“独自”，固定搭配。结合“her”可知，说明婴儿是女生，故用herself。故选D。 15．C 【解析】句意：找回自我的最佳方式就是全身心投入到为别人服务当中。 考查反身代词。herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。根据“find yourself”可知，此处指“你自己”全身心投入。故选C。 16．D 【解析】句意：他自己修好了那把坏掉的椅子，没有依靠任何人的帮助。 考查反身代词。him他；his他的；he他；himself他自己。根据“without any help.”可知，他自己独自一人修好了椅子，故选D。 17．D 【解析】句意：嗨，孩子们！请随便吃一些水果。 考查反身代词。you你，你们，人称代词主格或宾格；your你的，你们的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。help oneself to“请随便吃点……”，结合“kids”可知，这里要填反身代词的复数形式yourselves。故选D。 18．A 【解析】句意：露西完全靠她自己完成了这个科学项目，没有寻求任何帮助。 考查反身代词词义辨析。herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。主语“Lucy”是女性，反身代词应用herself，“by oneself”表示“独自”。故选A。 19．C 【解析】句意：我们自己做蛋糕吧。这样会便宜很多。 考查代词辨析。us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“Let’s make the cake…”可知，这里强调我们自己做蛋糕，用反身代词ourselves符合语境，体现亲自做的含义。故选C。 20．B 【解析】句意：——多美味的粽子啊！你是从商店买的吗？——不，我妈妈自己做的。 考查感叹句和反身代词。根据“...delicious rice dumplings!”可知第一空考查感叹句，此处中心词是名词（rice dumplings），用what；根据“by...”可知第二空考查反身代词，“by herself” 表示“独自/亲自做”，强调动作由主语（my mother）独立完成。故选B。 21．D 【解析】句意：今天是周日。让我们去自然公园放松一下，享受一下。 考查代词辨析。we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，固定用法，故此处用反身代词。故选D。 22．D 【解析】句意：孩子们，父母不在家的时候，你们要照顾好自己。 考查反身代词。you你，你们；yours你的，你们的；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己。根据“Boys and girls, you should look after...when your parents are not at home.”可知，此处指照顾自己，结合“Boys and girls”，应是“照顾你们自己”，用反身代词yourselves。故选D。 23．D 【解析】句意：这些无人驾驶汽车太神奇了。它们可以自己开车。 考查反身代词。they它们，人称代词主格；them它们，人称代词宾格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves它们自己，反身代词。根据“These driverless cars are amazing.”可知无人驾驶汽车是汽车自己开车的，用反身代词。故选D。 24．B 【解析】句意：王玲每天和她的朋友们练习画画。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Wang Ling practices…pictures with her friends every day.”可知，“practice doing sth.”是固定用法，意为“练习做某事”，所以用动名词painting，故选B。 25．D 【解析】句意：海伦家附近曾经有一个美丽的湖。当她还是一个孩子时，她习惯晚饭后绕着它散步。 考查there be句型和used相关短语。used to do sth“曾经/过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”。第一空，根据“There used to... a beautiful lake near Helen’s house.”可知，此处表示曾经有一个美丽的湖，应用“There used to be...”结构，排除A项和B项；第二空，根据“she was used to... a walk around it after supper.”可知，此处指海伦习惯晚饭后绕着它散步，应填taking，排除C项。故选D。 26．C 【解析】句意：我花了三个小时看完这本书。 考查动名词作宾语。spend some time doing sth“花时间做某事”，finish doing sth“做完某事”，在这两个动词短语中都采用了动名词作宾语。故选C。 27．A 【解析】句意：请安静！停止说话。我正在努力工作。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Stop … I’m trying to work.”可知，这里指的是停止说话这一件事情，stop doing sth表示“停止正在做的事”。故选A。 28．D 【解析】句意：他阻止了她外出。 考查非谓语动词。stop sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，其中from是介词，后接动名词。故选D。 29．B 【解析】句意：制作模型飞机是我的爱好。 考查动名词作主语。根据“...model planes is my hobby.”可知，此处需用动名词作主语。故选B。 30．A 【解析】句意：贝蒂喜欢在学校图书馆当志愿者。 考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”；offer to do sth.表示“主动提出做某事”。故选A。 31．C 【解析】句意：我们的英语老师足够耐心，愿意花很多时间给我们讲解语法规则。 考查非谓语动词。be patient enough to do sth.表示“足够耐心做某事”，后跟不定式。spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”，后跟动名词。因此第一个空应填to spend，第二个空应填explaining。故选C。 32．A 【解析】句意：我们应该阻止这个人在公共场合吸烟。 考查非谓语动词。短语stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”为固定搭配，空处应选smoking。故选A。 33．D 【解析】句意：这个男孩长时间和哥哥一起游泳有困难。 考查非谓语动词。swim游泳，是动词原形；swam游泳，是过去式；to swim游泳，是动词不定式；swimming游泳，是动名词或现在分词。have trouble in doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处应用动名词形式。故选D。 34．A 【解析】句意：如果你的父亲不鼓励你多加练习，你就无法完成这项工作。 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，第一空应用to practice；succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”，第二空应用in finishing。故选A。 35．D 【解析】句意：在许多国家，交换圣诞贺卡是一种流行的传统。 考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。Exchange交换，动词原形；Exchanging交换，现在分词/动名词； are是，一般现在时复数形式； is是，一般现在时第三人称单数形式。根据“... Christmas cards ... a popular tradition in many countries.”可知，第一个空需要填入能在句中作主语的成分，“Exchanging”是动名词，可充当句子主语；第二个空考查主谓一致，句子主语“Exchanging Christmas cards”为动名词短语，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，所以此处应用“is”。故选D。 36．B 【解析】句意：——我担心错过校车。——别担心！如果你没能准时到达，我可以送你一程。 考查非谓语动词。第一空位于介词“about”后，应用动名词“missing”作宾语；“fail to do sth.”表示“未能做某事”，因此第二空应用动词不定式“to arrive”作宾语。故选B。 37．C 【解析】句意：你不应该浪费时间在网上购物。为什么不帮助你的社区呢？ 考查非谓语动词。waste time doing sth.“浪费时间做某事”，因此第一空应用动名词“shopping”作宾语；Why not do sth.“为什么不做某事”，提出建议，因此第二空应用动词原形“help”。故选C。 38．B 【解析】句意：他继续爬山，直到到达山顶。 考查非谓语动词。to climb爬，动词不定式；climbing爬，现在分词；climbed爬，动词过去式；climb爬，动词原形。continue doing sth.表示继续做同一件事（不间断地持续做）；continue to do sth.表示继续做另一件事（做完一件事后接着做别的事）。此处爬山是持续进行的同一动作。故选B。 39．B 【解析】句意：我们的班主任让我们停止写作，仔细听她讲课。 考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”；根据“listen to her carefully”可知，老师让我们停止写作，听她讲课。故选B。 40．B 【解析】句意：我喜欢在图书馆看书。 考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选B。 41．C 【解析】句意：——你父亲过去常常开车上班吗？——是的，但现在他习惯乘地铁了，这样更环保。 考查动词短语辨析。“used to do sth.”表示“过去常常做某事”，所以第一空用“drive”；“be used to doing sth.”表示“习惯于做某事”，所以第二空用“taking”。故选C。 42．C 【解析】句意：Tim过去习惯在户外玩耍，但现在他习惯了在电话上玩耍。 考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；get used to doing sth.习惯做某事；根据“but now he gets used to”可知，前句说的是过去经常做的事情，应用used to do sth.，后一句说的是习惯于。故选C。 43．A 【解析】句意：良好的沟通在建立牢固的友谊方面起着重要作用。我们应该学会清晰地表达自己。 考查动词短语。plays an important role in在……中起重要作用；takes pride in以……为自豪；gets used to习惯于；looks forward to期待。根据“We should learn to express ourselves clearly.”可知良好的沟通在建立友谊方面起着重要作用。故选A。 44．A 【解析】句意：这部新电影完全改变了她对科幻小说的看法——她过去认为它很无聊。 考查副词辨析。completely完全地；gradually逐渐地；suddenly突然地；hardly几乎不。根据“she used to think it was boring”可知，她过去认为科幻小说很无聊，结合“changed her idea about science fiction”可推断，这部电影应该是完全改变了她对科幻小说的看法，所以completely符合语境。故选A。 45．A 【解析】句意：对我们来说，学习如何与他人交流是很重要的。 考查介词辨析。for对于；of关于；with和……一起；to到。根据“It’s important ... us to learn how to communicate with others.”可知，此处形容词important描述的是学习如何与他人交流这件事的性质，要用介词for，“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说……”。故选A。 二、 46． protect yourselves from 【解析】中英文对照，缺少“保护自己不受伤害”的英文表达；protect sb. from doing sth“保护某人免受……”；根据“Wear gloves to ...”可知，此处to do不定式表目的，protect用动词原形；句子是祈使句，主语是you，此处的“自己”应该用反身代词yourselves。故填protect；yourselves；from。 47． themselves falling off 【解析】“伤到自己”为hurt oneself，主语为they，反身代词用themselves；“从……上掉下来”为fall off，介词by后用动名词形式，故填themselves；falling；off。 48． challenge themselves 【解析】对比题干可知，challenge挑战，want to后用动词原形；主语people在此指的是复数，所以反身代词是themselves。故填challenge；themselves。 49． to himself 【解析】对自己说：say to oneself，此处用反身代词himself。故填to；himself。 50． taught himself 【解析】对比中英文可知，此处缺少“自学”，其英文表达为teach oneself，结合语境可知，“自学”是过去发生的，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式taught；主语是Mike，反身代词是himself。故填taught；himself。 51． protect themselves 【解析】对比中英文，此处缺少“保护自己”，其英文表达为protect oneself，不定式符号to后接动词原形；主语是“People”，反身代词应是themselves。故填protect；themselves。 52． taught herself 【解析】对比中英文可知，此处缺少“自学”，其英文表达为teach oneself，结合语境，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式taught，主语是女性，反身代词应是herself。故填taught；herself。 53． by himself 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“自己”，应用短语by oneself，主语是“Wang Lin”，因此反身代词用himself。故填by；himself。 54． by yourself 【解析】句意：为什么不自己制作一张卡片呢？ “自己” 常用短语 “by oneself” 表达，此句针对对方，所以用 “by yourself”（你自己 ）。故填by；yourself。 55． dress himself 【解析】根据中英文对应可知，需要翻译“自己穿衣服”，dress oneself意为“自己穿衣服”，空格前有情态动词can，所以空格处动词用原形。故填dress himself。 56． is good at learning 【解析】据句意可知，此处表示“擅长做某事”，用固定短语“be good at doing sth.”，且主语“Jenny”是第三人称单数，be动词用is，“学习”的英文是learn，其动名词形式是learning。故填is；good；at；learning。 57． to having 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处表示“期待着……”，look forward to“期待”，为固定搭配。have“有”，介词to后跟动词-ing形式作宾语。故填to；having。 58． fear stop from realising/realizing 【解析】fear“害怕，惧怕”，是名词，have/has a fear of heights“恐高”；stop sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，won’t后接动词原形；realise/realize“实现”，是动词，动名词是realising/realizing。故填fear；stop；from；realising/realizing。 59． play a role/part in protecting 【解析】中英对照可知，空处意为“为保护……出一份力”，play a part/role in“为……出一份力”，固定搭配，空前有情态动词should，其后动词用原形；protect“保护”，介词in后加动名词作宾语。故填play ；a；role/part；in；protecting。 60． looking forward to flying experiencing 【解析】据句意可知，此处表示“期待做某事”，用短语“look forward to doing sth”，且句子是现在进行时，其结构为“be动词+动词现在分词”，所以“look”用“looking”；“飞行”的英文表达是“fly”，在“look forward to”后用其动名词形式“flying”；“体验”的英文表达是“experience”，在“and”后与“flying”并列，也用动名词形式“experiencing”。故填looking；forward；to；flying；experiencing。 61． a pair of scissors beautiful paper-cuttings 【解析】根据中英文提示可知，表示“一把剪刀”通常使用“a pair of scissors”；“漂亮的剪纸”对应的英文是“beautiful paper-cuttings”。故填a；pair；of；scissors；beautiful；paper-cuttings。 62． by the end of 【解析】by the end of“到……末”，故填by；the；end；of。 63． write down 【解析】写下：write down；过去常常做某事：used to do sth.。故填write；down。 64． communicate with 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“交流”的英文内容，“communicate with sb”表示“与某人交流”，本句是“make it+形容词+for sb to do”句型，“it”为形式宾语，“to do”作真正的宾语，因此“communicate”使用原形。故填communicate；with。 65． is able to 【解析】中英文对照，缺少“能够”的英文表达；be able to do sth.“能够做某事”；主语是he，第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is；able；to。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$