第01讲 完形填空之记叙文（专项训练）（天津专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第01讲 完形填空之记叙文 目录 01 课标达标练 考向 完形填空记叙文 02 真题溯源练 考向 完形填空记叙文 Passage 1 （2025·天津北辰·三模）The director opened the door to the after-school learning center. Then 1 came in and seated themselves. After I handed these regulars reading exercises, the director walked a 2 kid to my desk, saying, “Michael, this is Harriet, your 3 .” I smiled and stretched out my hand in welcome. Ignoring me, Michael went to a seat. Obviously, he 4 to be here. “Each time you come, you’ll do reading exercises. Your 5 can earn you special tokens (券) and you can use them to buy toys,” I said. The newcomer immediately looked 6 . Seconds after I handed him the exercises, Michael said, I’ve 7 . How many tokens can I get?” Checking his exercises, I found many 8 . So I replied, “Read again slowly. All kids get tokens by working hard — not by working quickly or 9 .” Weeks later, he didn’t make a (n) 10 . He still rushed through his exercises without paying attention to the right answers. But when forced to do his exercises again, slowly, he’d 11 to get the right answers. He was smart. 12 , he was sloppy (草率的). In other words, he 13 to care how well he did. Realizing this, I decided to find ways to 14 his self-discipline and motivation, which went beyond our one-hour sessions. I 15 various ways, but in vain. I was rather 16 However, not wanting to 17 , one day, I said, “Michael, now, you decide how many tokens you 18 each time.” At the end of the session, Michael said, “I think I should get only two tokens. The 19 is that I made many mistakes due to my carelessness. But I will be careful next time.” Becoming a judge really changed his 20 . Gradually Michael took responsibility for his learning. 1．A．parents B．students C．cleaners D．teachers 2．A．new B．handsome C．tidy D．short 3．A．doctor B．competitor C．driver D．instructor 4．A．stopped B．continued C．hated D．expected 5．A．effort B．appearance C．bravery D．interest 6．A．disappointed B．excited C．regretful D．proud 7．A．finished B．succeeded C．postponed D．checked 8．A．notes B．marks C．errors D．pictures 9．A．fearfully B．hesitantly C．selflessly D．carelessly 10．A．appointment B．change C．opinion D．effect 11．A．prepare B．forget C．pretend D．manage 12．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Instead 13．A．promised B．wished C．failed D．demanded 14．A．expose B．discover C．improve D．possess 15．A．compared B．tried C．abandoned D．passed 16．A．sympathetic B．upset C．curious D．honored 17．A．break in B．drop out C．show off D．give up 18．A．need B．save C．deserve D．spend 19．A．consequence B．difference C．purpose D．reason 20．A．attitude B．dccision C．conclusion D．hobby Passage 2 （24-25高三下·天津南开·阶段练习）When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream, and he said “ahorita,” which directly 1 to “right now”, I took him at his word, believing that its arrival was 2 . I sat near his shop and 3 . Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it, “ahorita,” he told me again. His face was a mix of 4 and maybe even embarrassment. I was 5 . Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was 6 to walk away, especially if the ice-cream was now being 7 just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a (an) 8 for nearest bus to take me home. As I left, I 9 at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller. 10 I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault. His face was, once again, one of the total confusion. This experience 11 from my memory’ until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I 12 that understanding “ahorita” took not a mastery of the language, but rather a 13 in the culture. When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken 14 ; its meaning changes greatly with 15 . As a linguist told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when 16 an offer. Difficulty in explaining what I have come to call “Ahorita Time” is a 17 of different cultural understandings of time. Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for 18 , but when I’m not, I don’t feel 19 . Ironically, it would seem that “Ahorita Time,” has actually 20 me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before. 1．A．translates B．spreads C．limits D．responds 2．A．distant B．immediate C．annoying D．permanent 3．A．bargained B．defended C．argued D．waited 4．A．anger B．curiosity C．confusion D．excitement 5．A．comfortable B．sorrowful C．hesitant D．determined 6．A．urgent B．impolite C．motivating D．depressing 7．A．conveyed B．delivered C．recalled D．restricted 8．A．rush B．call C．resolution D．requirement 9．A．defeated B．signaled C．screamed D．smiled 10．A．Fortunately B．Strangely C．Gradually D．Obviously 11．A．faded B．printed C．folded D．accumulated 12．A．approved B．intended C．discovered D．strengthened 13．A．proposal B．beauty C．comment D．fluency 14．A．literally B．broadly C．deeply D．strongly 15．A．emotion B．climate C．personality D．context 16．A．giving B．seeking C．rejecting D．accepting 17．A．mixture B．secret C．reflection D．preparation 18．A．arguments B．appointments C．amusements D．statements 19．A．dizzy B．isolated C．panicked D．satisfied 20．A．protected B．recommend C．invited D．allowed Passage 3 （2025·天津·一模）Five girl students of the University of Georgia were traveling from Athens to Savannah for a weekend celebration. After turning along Murray Hill Road, the group of students 1 the Brier Creek bridge and saw something 2 — a dust cloud below the bridge with a flash of white light. “We pulled over super 3 , turned, went down this hill to that area and we just saw a white car sinking 4 , said Molly McCollum, one of the students. McCollum added that she was 5 in shock at what she was seeing — saying she knew she had to 6 and do something about the situation. The students proceeded to 7 out of their car and 8 toward the three passengers, a mom and two kids. Two of the students entered the water to get the 9 to safety while the others gathered supplies and communicated with 10 responders. Seeing a kid 11 , one student put her lifeguarding skills to the 12 by performing CPR (心肺复苏术) on him immediately. It was a worst-case situation — but somehow, within a minute, the kid began 13 . The Burke County Sheriff’s Office said all three survivors of the incident were sent to a hospital — and that they were 14 to leave the hospital the next day. McCollum said, “The sinking 15 was a unique catastrophe (灾难). Actually, there are people 16 all around us all the time. If we can 17 the frequent opportunities that arise to help and uplift one another, the outcomes can be just as impactful as in 18 in catastrophic events.” The five girl students who took part in the rescue were 19 with a life-saving heroism award from the University of Georgia. The 20 “hero” gets said about sports stars and others, but these five are true heroes. 1．A．designed B．attacked C．removed D．approached 2．A．irregular B．odd C．natural D．pleasant 3．A．hard B．late C．high D．fast 4．A．underwater B．overhead C．nowhere D．beforehand 5．A．frequently B．secretly C．originally D．typically 6．A．break out B．step in C．bounce back D．carry on 7．A．leave B．stand C．jump D．cross 8．A．rush B．turn C．park D．shout 9．A．victims B．witnesses C．companions D．participants 10．A．service B．health C．media D．emergency 11．A．painful B．hopeless C．senseless D．nervous 12．A．experiment B．test C．fight D．stage 13．A．weeping B．chatting C．responding D．running 14．A．liberated B．permitted C．recorded D．motivated 15．A．boat B．bridge C．treasure D．vehicle 16．A．struggling B．bothering C．escaping D．appreciating 17．A．take advantage of B．make up for C．add up to D．lose sight of 18．A．calling B．believing C．assisting D．checking 19．A．filled B．honored C．equipped D．loaded 20．A．story B．idea C．phrase D．term Passage 4 （2025·天津和平·一模） I Taught My Student About Scientific Failure As a Ph.D．student, I went through many 1 cycles developing theories that would later prove to be failures because of uncertain experimental results. When I graduated, I was not willing to 2 so many hours away from my young children with so little to show for it. 3 I embraced my love of teaching by working as a lecturer. A decade later, with my kids in school, my scientific 4 came out of hibernation (冬眠状态) and I 5 a position at a liberal arts college (文理学院), where I established my own small lab. In my undergraduate classes, I asked my students to complete lab experiments that were virtually 6 to get interpretable data. But after a few years, I grew 7 with the gap between those picture-perfect experiments and my own research projects. Yes, my students left lab sessions with results, feeling their time had been 8 . However, I worried I was cheating them out of the actual experience of practicing science, which 9 produces data on the first try. I decided to develop a new course that would give our students experience 10 real experiments, ones that had the 11 to fail. I gave the students a collection of papers to read. During group brainstorming sessions, they identified new questions that arose from what had already been done and collectively 12 their own theories. After spending time learning lab methods required to test their theories, they got to work performing their first experiment. On the day of data analysis, I handed them 14 Western blot (免疫印迹法) printouts and asked them to 13 the images and discuss their findings. Most 14 that their blots were correct — that the background bands they saw represented the proteins they had hoped to discover—and immediately jumped to interpreting the data. But I 15 to let them move on. After hours of struggle, one student finally spoke up. “It doesn’t 16 ,” he said. “The bands look the same size, but the proteins should be different sizes.” Terrific! This breakthrough helped his classmates start to look at the results with more 17 eyes. Within minutes, they were filled with ideas about what could have gone 18 . We spent the next two hours covering the blackboard with plans to study the procedures. My students were thinking like scientists — a development no amount of advance planning could have created. Research is messy and full of failed 19 . Trying to protect students from that reality does 20 to them. My students had a hard lesson in scientific failure and how to be resilient in the face of it. It is a lesson I wish I had learned before starting graduate school. 1．A．frustrating B．unforgettable C．demanding D．checkable 2．A．sacrifice B．devote C．invest D．spare 3．A．Besides B．Instead C．Nevertheless D．Otherwise 4．A．curiosity B．generosity C．productivity D．sensitivity 5．A．secured B．offered C．filled D．occupied 6．A．attracted B．guaranteed C．opposed D．restricted 7．A．unavailable B．uncomfortable C．unforgivable D．unsuitable 8．A．well-spent B．fast-paced C．never-ending D．badly-consuming 9．A．constantly B．definitely C．rarely D．usually 10．A．witnessing B．recording C．checking D．performing 11．A．alternative B．intention C．potential D．right 12．A．looked forward to B．came up with C．ran out of D．stayed away from 13．A．look over B．pick out C．search for D．throw away 14．A．doubted B．denied C．assumed D．guessed 15．A．determined B．expected C．hesitated D．refused 16．A．bear risk B．gain access C．make sense D．take effect 17．A．competitive B．imaginative C．negative D．objective 18．A．crazy B．virtual C．wild D．wrong 19．A．attempts B．desires C．promises D．regrets 20．A．benefit B．favor C．harm D．honor Passage 5 （2025·天津·一模）Four days before Thanksgiving, I had finished baking our holiday cookies. My friend dropped me a 1 : a family living in our community needed help with 2 and bills. The father had been in an accident and had been 3 of the chance to work for a long period. We was not acquainted with the family but went to 4 them with some cookies, hoping to help in some way. Maybe we could 5 of their young children. Or, since they had 6 had to struggle, and we were near experts on how to 7 on almost nothing, we could offer suggestions. While everyone chatted, I entered the 8 to see about the food situation. The cupboards were almost 9 . A single can of soup and a box of pasta (意大利面) sat alone in the cupboard. I was 10 , desperately wanting to help. Early the next morning, we 11 two full bags of groceries to our neighbors. Their young children jumped with 12 as they pulled groceries out of the bags. Their parents cried as they 13 us. There were three days left until Turkey Day, as though I 14 calling it Turkey Day since there would not be any turkey. Two mornings before the holiday, my oldest son found four full paper bags of groceries 15 outside our door. Now it was our 16 to pull out plenty of holiday foods, including a turkey! Weeks later, after we delicately tried to ask our 17 about the four bags of groceries, we were still 18 . We gave away two bags and 19 four! The mystery (谜) of the Thanksgiving groceries remains 20 but never forgotten. 1．A．notice B．news C．line D．requirement 2．A．medicine B．resources C．ambition D．food 3．A．robbed B．distributed C．envied D．guaranteed 4．A．call on B．pay off C．take in D．bring up 5．A．catch sight B．make fun C．take care D．take control 6．A．always B．never C．once D．sometimes 7．A．expand B．rest C．survive D．comment 8．A．kitchen B．study C．bathroom D．sitting-room 9．A．bare B．sufficient C．tolerant D．rough 10．A．exhausted B．scared C．embarrassed D．shocked 11．A．attained B．offered C．compared D．insisted 12．A．panic B．expectation C．pressure D．excitement 13．A．issued B．regulated C．thanked D．persuaded 14．A．inspired B．avoided C．persisted D．decreased 15．A．waiting B．managing C．holding D．restoring 16．A．chaos B．turn C．inquiry D．target 17．A．kids B．physicians C．doctors D．neighbors 18．A．careless B．motionless C．fearless D．clueless 19．A．negotiated B．received C．donated D．unfolded 20．A．unconsidered B．unevaluated C．unqualified D．unsolved Passage 6 （2025·天津·模拟预测）“Dad, can I buy another pair of CONVERSE (匡威)?” I begged. I loved CONVERSE all star shoes and 1 two pairs already. They were totally in and well, let’s just say that I liked to 2 the times. They were like my most 3 possessions and I wore them with great 4 . Walking by the store and 5 the brand new designs made me want to show off and buy every single pair for sale. “Of course you can,” Dad 6 me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new one?” Dad 7 stopped me from buying anything 8 it was the most expensive thing in the entire store. He wanted me to have everything he couldn’t. I was 9 by the bright lights of the store and piles of branded shoes. I couldn’t see Dad’s 10 wallet because it was 11 under his widespread smile. It turned out that I didn’t buy the shoes after all, but I did end up thinking about my dad and how 12 he was to making his little girl happy. I would always 13 him to buy himself a pair of Adidas or Nike but he would always 14 his head. We both knew we obviously couldn’t 15 them. But he’d always put me before him. I often have 16 with my dad over trivial (琐碎的) issues. And which sixteen-year-old doesn’t? However, when I come to think of it, I realize his 17 and that he never fails to 18 it. Dad, I want you to know I’m 19 for all the times that I’ve yelled at you. And when I learn to stand up on my own, with my very 20 salary whatever it is, I’ll get the best pair of shoes for you. 1．A．wore out B．owned C．sold out D．washed 2．A．stand for B．comment on C．live up to D．keep up with 3．A．secret B．valuable C．shabby D．ordinary 4．A．anger B．regret C．pride D．respect 5．A．trying B．creating C．remembering D．appreciating 6．A．encouraged B．bothered C．blamed D．accepted 7．A．always B．never C．even D．still 8．A．because B．unless C．even if D．now that 9．A．blinded B．cheated C．shocked D．troubled 10．A．fashionable B．delicate C．charming D．trembling 11．A．hidden B．stolen C．obtained D．fetched 12．A．adaptable B．devoted C．accustomed D．opposite 13．A．ask B．forbid C．wait for D．arrange for 14．A．nod B．raise C．shake D．bury 15．A．donate B．deliver C．repair D．afford 16．A．discussion B．patience C．quarrels D．plans 17．A．love B．existence C．honor D．embarrassment 18．A．show B．ignore C．trust D．accept 19．A．grateful B．ready C．famous D．sorry 20．A．low B．first C．basic D．competitive Passage 7 （2025·天津·二模）When I first met Mark in my office, his future seemed uncertain. He was seventeen and had been 1 with school for years, refusing to attend after the second day of eleventh grade. His mental doctor had 2 him with psychiatric (精神病的) problems and he was on medication. His mother was 3 , calling me to help him prepare for the SAT to get ready for college after high school, 4 he hadn’t been attending school. I agreed. I started by reading a passage to him but to my 5 , he repeated it word by word after hearing it once. He also answered related questions with 90% accuracy. It became clear that Mark could 6 and recall information, but only when it was read aloud to him. This wasn’t a psychiatric issue — it was a reading 7 . I shared my observations with Mark, 8 that he wasn’t mentally ill but had a small challenge where he couldn’t form a mental image of written words. I reassured him that we could fix it together, and that he was, in fact, 9 intelligent with an IQ of 180. I asked him to keep this between us for now, as I didn’t think the 10 or his mother would believe me. We developed a strategy: Mark would read everything 11 , creating mental images for the words, which would help him remember them. He also started 12 vocabulary from the SAT list, which 13 his reading comprehension. His progress was remarkable. Within weeks, Mark was back on track. His confidence grew and he regained 14 . But there were still 15 . Despite his newfound success, his teacher 16 to promote him to senior year because he had missed too many days. Mark, 17 , solved this problem all on his own. Without informing anyone, he arranged a meeting with the school officials himself. He negotiated summer school classes, with the promise that he could continue his senior year 18 he passed with a grade over 75. He not only passed but earned an A in every subject. By the end of the year, Mark was 19 his future. He even convinced his psychiatrist to take him off medication. His transformation from a frustrated, defeated student to a confident, self-assured young man was virtually 20 . His belief in his own abilities had changed everything. 1．A．fighting B．working C．studying D．struggling 2．A．diagnosed B．shared C．forced D．taught 3．A．anxious B．relieved C．satisfied D．curious 4．A．so that B．even though C．as if D．in case 5．A．regret B．delight C．surprise D．sorrow 6．A．ignore B．understand C．spread D．release 7．A．cure B．plot C．experience D．problem 8．A．singing B．forcing C．explaining D．scaring 9．A．slightly B．highly C．hardly D．usually 10．A．teacher B．classmates C．psychiatrist D．nurse 11．A．happily B．secretly C．sadly D．loudly 12．A．publishing B．learning C．creating D．posting 13．A．improved B．received C．blocked D．delayed 14．A．sympathy B．hope C．salary D．analysis 15．A．apologies B．donations C．challenges D．guesses 16．A．refused B．asked C．decided D．promised 17．A．somehow B．anyway C．otherwise D．however 18．A．if B．unless C．before D．since 19．A．in search of B．in view of C．in control of D．in need of 20．A．relaxing B．annoying C．disturbing D．uplifting Passage 8 （2025·天津·三模）As I looked through my old photos, a treasured memory resurfaced, showing a moment frozeri-in time when my child was just two years old. We were 1 together with my husband, a ship’s chief engineer guiding us through the vast ocean. Suddenly, a typhoon 2 , turning the calm sea into powerful chaos. The waves 3 against our cabin (船舱) windows with a deafening force, and small fishes were 4 onto the glass. Inside the ship, I held tightly onto the bed, 5 to move even an inch while my two-year-old found 6 in the chaos, treating it like a fun ride. 7 , my husband was busy preparing for the storm. He informed me that he would be 8 in the engine room for the duration of the storm, ensuring the ship’s safety until it 9 . During the storm, I couldn’t help but 10 the incredible teamwork among the crew. The crew’s 11 was clear: to maintain the engine running and keep the ship 12 . Everyone worked tirelessly, doing their part and serving as 13 for each other. There was a strong sense of unity on the ship. The crew’s dedication (奉献) to each other’s safety and the ship’s survival was 14 . After 60 hours of 15 the typhoon, the sea calmed, but a 16 of the storm’s power lay spread across the deck (甲板) in the form of dead fish. For me, it felt like emerging from chaos into 17 , a moment to breathe again. But for the crew, it was business as usual. Without seeking recognition, they 18 returned to their routine tasks, always focused on the ship’s 19 and each other’s well-being. It was a real 20 of teamwork, showing how unity can carry you through even the severest storms. 1．A．fishing B．swimming C．boating D．sailing 2．A．continued B．mattered C．hit D．quit 3．A．warned B．raced C．crashed D．protected 4．A．painted B．thrown C．displayed D．measured 5．A．afraid B．proud C．sure D．ready 6．A．difficulty B．relief C．evidence D．excitement 7．A．Otherwise B．Instead C．Meanwhile D．Therefore 8．A．introduced B．stationed C．preserved D．promoted 9．A．passed B．rose C．moved D．sank 10．A．require B．doubt C．notice D．improve 11．A．objective B．restriction C．advantage D．consequence 12．A．in need B．in secret C．on view D．on course 13．A．bystanders B．backups C．inspectors D．checkups 14．A．terrifying B．inspiring C．confusing D．amusing 15．A．assessing B．recording C．discussing D．battling 16．A．test B．search C．monitor D．reminder 17．A．shock B．peace C．success D．trouble 18．A．smoothly B．randomly C．initially D．probably 19．A．structure B．material C．safety D．capacity 20．A．scene B．symbol C．match D．level Passage 9 （2025·天津·二模）Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching (伸展) on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania, 1 a few runners who were left behind. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and a 2 . That's right — during some runs, one of them delivers a talk: topics 3 from the brain to Bitcoin (比特币). But one day last January, it would not be their 4 run. The first evidence that something was off was the man who 5 them very quickly. Cassidy 6 why the man was so fast when another man ran by, yelling, "Help! He 7 my phone and laptop!" At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, 8 the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he 9 into a construction site. The runners 10 . Cassidy ran 11 to the far side of the site to cut the thief off 12 the others wandered the neighborhood 13 he had thrown the phone and laptop in a backyard. No luck. So they decided to ask people in the 14 whether they'd seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one row house, they were in for a 15 . They didn't know the suspect was 16 behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the 17 rushed out from behind the bush ... and right into the 18 of the police, who had joined the run shortly behind the runners. The members of this running group are not hard-core sportsmen. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise. "Running is 19 a useless sport where you just turn fat cells into heat," Cassidy told the Philadelphia Inquirer. "But sometimes it can be useful, and here was one of those 20 ." 1．A．looking after B．waiting for C．thinking about D．picking up 2．A．lecture B．game C．enquiry D．experiment 3．A．increase B．range C．move D．develop 4．A．social B．accidental C．actual D．normal 5．A．ran off B．ran into C．ran past D．ran down 6．A．asked B．explained C．discovered D．wondered 7．A．took B．used C．broke D．sold 8．A．cornering B．leading C．following D．driving 9．A．stepped B．slid C．marched D．disappeared 10．A．got up B．split up C．showed up D．caught up 11．A．around B．back C．out D．away 12．A．while B．because C．unless D．though 13．A．realizing B．remembering C．suggesting D．hoping 14．A．group B．university C．neighborhood D．station 15．A．relief B．surprise C．success D．break 16．A．working B．running C．wandering D．hiding 17．A．suspect B．police C．colleague D．member 18．A．traps B．camps C．cars D．arms 19．A．occasionally B．typically C．subsequently D．rarely 20．A．choices B．conclusions C．chances D．decisions Passage 10 （2025·天津宝坻·二模）Jessica Parker discovered her enthusiasm for gardening and transformed her backyard into a peaceful retreat, which provided her with a safe space to process emotions and release negative feelings. 1 its positive impact, she decided to 2 the pleasure of gardening, hoping to make it known to others that nurturing plants will bring a sense of 3 and fulfillment. She began by organizing free 4 in her community, teaching people how to grow herbs and flowers even in small spaces. Many participants initially joined out of 5 , but soon found their stress 6 as their hands touched the soil. One teenager, Emma, confessed that gardening helped her 7 social anxiety, while an elderly man, Mr. Thompson, said it 8 his loneliness after retirement. Jessica’s project faced challenges too. A sudden 9 destroyed half her garden, and she struggled to 10 enough tools for everyone. Yet, her 11 never wavered. She launched a social media campaign titled “Grow Your Joy,” where followers shared photos of their plants alongside 12 about mental health. The topic went viral, 13 thousands to explore gardening. Local schools soon 14 her program into their curriculum. Students who once dreaded outdoor activities now 15 watering cans and seed packets eagerly. “Seeing kids smile while they grow something is the best 16 .” Jessica said. Her efforts even caught the attention of a botanist, Dr. Lee, who offered 17 advice on sustainable gardening. Together, they published a guidebook emphasizing how nature fosters emotional 18 . Jessica’s story proves that small actions can bloom into powerful movements. As she often says: “Every seed planted is a step toward healing — both for the earth and for our 19 .” Today, her initiative has grown into a national network, reminding us that the simplest habits can cultivate the deepest 20 . 1．A．Ignoring B．Recognizing C．Denying D．Forgetting 2．A．promote B．criticize C．abandon D．conceal 3．A．isolation B．confusion C．calm D．anger 4．A．competitions B．concerts C．protests D．workshops 5．A．boredom B．jealousy C．anger D．curiosity 6．A．increased B．faded C．froze D．exploded 7．A．manage B．worsen C．ignore D．create 8．A．measured B．deepened C．eased D．rewarded 9．A．celebration B．invention C．frost D．meeting 10．A．secure B．lose C．break D．hide 11．A．doubts B．determination C．laziness D．arrogance 12．A．jokes B．advertisements C．threats D．stories 13．A．inspiring B．forbidding C．blaming D．delaying 14．A．banned B．copied C．simplified D．integrated 15．A．feared B．grasped C．threw D．sold 16．A．punishment B．accident C．reward D．secret 17．A．negative B．fictional C．expert D．vague 18．A．distraction B．greed C．conflict D．adaption 19．A．wallets B．hearts C．phones D．computers 20．A．connections B．regrets C．competitions D．excuses Passage 1 （2024·天津·高考真题）I had struggled with math since fourth grade, but worked very hard to 1 the smart students around me. In eleventh grade, much to my classmates 2 , I signed up for precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena and told him I had 3 in math, yet I would try my hardest. He was convinced I could succeed 4 the doubts from my classmates. Mr. Dena kept an unforgettable 5 by Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.” He reflected on that throughout the year and was 6 to teach us more than math. Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests, believing that we could solve hard problems together. He drew names out of a hat to 7 partners. Students were 8 out loud that they wouldn't be paired with me. As the “lucky” name was 9 , the class burst into laughter. My partner joked about being 10 with me. However, we worked well together and surprised everyone with our 11 on this test. I learned so much from my classmates and I realized this was really 12 we had partner tests. The final exam was Mr. Dena's final 13 to us, but I failed it. I told him I didn't understand how I could do so 14 on a test when I had studied so hard. He explained it's not about the grades; it's about true understanding. If studying didn't 15 on a test, it would someday. I knew then that 16 passing or failing tests, studying was about hard work and effort. And I 17 myself harder than I ever had. To be challenged in math really changed the way I 18 other challenges in life. I wasn't going to let a grade stop me from learning some of the best lessons of my life. Mr. Dena is one of the giants that Newton 19 . He has helped me see not only more 20 ideas than I thought possible, but who I can be. 1．A．keep up with B．give in to C．stay away from D．watch out for 2．A．sorrow B．delight C．surprise D．relief 3．A．talent B．methods C．innovation D．weaknesses 4．A．in spite of B．in case of C．in view of D．in consequence of 5．A．diary B．quote C．essay D．letter 6．A．embarrassed B．determined C．astonished D．puzzled 7．A．assign B．honor C．persuade D．monitor 8．A．reading B．singing C．praying D．applauding 9．A．registered B．changed C．abandoned D．picked 10．A．concerned B．stuck C．impressed D．content 11．A．negotiation B．mistake C．performance D．standard 12．A．when B．why C．where D．how 13．A．decision B．challenge C．instruction D．victory 14．A．accurately B．carefully C．effortlessly D．poorly 15．A．give out B．break down C．turn up D．pay off 16．A．beyond B．within C．upon D．across 17．A．praised B．defended C．pushed D．criticized 18．A．viewed B．created C．ignored D．presented 19．A．admires B．establishes C．measures D．describes 20．A．social B．mathematical C．psychological D．moral Passage 2 （2024·天津·高考真题）At 23, I applied for my first job and it was not successful. When I received the 1 email, I felt disappointed and angry. I had spent days 2 the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know what went wrong. Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call From the manager. “ 3 , we decided to offer the job to someone else,” he said. “Would you like to hear the feedback (反馈)?” The manager went on to tell me I hadn’t expressed my 4 for applying for the position. The feedback was 5 to hear, but he was right. As I just wanted a job in my home city, I didn’t 6 much whether it fit my interests. The job at the company was something I was capable of doing, but I didn’t feel 7 about it — and that showed in the interview. From then on, I decided to carefully evaluate each job opening and only 8 at I was interested in. In my applications, I also began 9 clearly why I wanted that particular job. Soon my effort 10 , as I got an offer I was truly excited about. Years later, I found myself on the other side of the table, interviewing 11 for a position in my lab. One of them got my attention. On paper, his application looked 12 , but the interview went badly. He didn’t seem to have done any reading 13 about my research, which made me wonder 14 he was truly interested in working with me. When I called to tell him, I couldn’t offer him the 15 , he was disappointed. I then told him where he could 16 in future interviews. As the 17 went on, I got the sense that he was grateful for what I said. Nowadays, when my own trainees apply for positions else where, I encourage them to 18 feedback. It’s never pleasant to 19 constructive criticism, but if we are told where we are lagging (落后), we are more likely to avoid making the same 20 in the future. 1．A．congratulation B．invitation C．rejection D．complaint 2．A．taking up B．preparing for C．calling off D．passing down 3．A．Consequently B．Hopefully C．Surprisingly D．Unfortunately 4．A．requirement B．motivation C．imagination D．suggestion 5．A．tough B．pleasant C．frightening D．reasonable 6．A．care B．regret C．doubt D．know 7．A．nervous B．enthusiastic C．relaxed D．embarrassed 8．A．introduce B．abandon C．pursue D．display 9．A．examining B．stating C．judging D．instructing 10．A．came about B．faded away C．settled down D．paid off 11．A．officials B．candidates C．visitors D．employers 12．A．great B．easy C．confusing D．complicated 13．A．in advance B．on average C．by contrast D．for free 14．A．that B．when C．where D．whether 15．A．salary B．degree C．award D．position 16．A．continue B．serve C．improve D．participate 17．A．conversation B．adventure C．negotiation D．journey 18．A．set aside B．ask for C．put off D．contribute to 19．A．give away B．insist on C．listen to D．fight for 20．A．proposals B．decisions C．comments D．mistakes Passage 3 （2023·天津·高考真题）There are moments when strangers’ lives collide(碰撞)by accident, and even though they may never see each other again, they’ re changed forever. These can be moments when true character is 1 , often through acts of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes.   Not long ago, I was a(n) 2 to that kind of moment. On a summer midnight, my parents and I had just 3 a long flight and started to walk through the empty airport when I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the ground. We 4 ran toward him. My parents, who are doctors, dropped everything and began trying to 5 what had happened. As they asked him questions and searched for a(n) 6 information card, other passengers from the flight joined us. My parents 7 that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的) and in major need of sugar. 8 , the only thing we could find was a protein bar. We were 9 it would not be enough to save him. Just then, a young boy, Mecca, arrived at the 10 with the flight attendants(空乘人员). He quietly announced, “I have a Snickers(士力架巧克力)!” Nobody responded to him as they were in the 11 of trying to save a stranger's life. Mecca dug deep into his backpack, and 12 a Snickers. He then handed it to my father, who was trying to manage with the protein bar. Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the protein bar, the man regained 13 . Mecca, a fourth grader,   14 this stranger's life! No one could have guessed that earlier that night, Mecca had just been through a 15 time. His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled, 16 him to fly alone. He had never flown by himself before and was very nervous. His grandmother filled his backpack with candy to make him a little less 17 . When we told Mecca's parents of his 18 actions, they smiled from ear to ear. They were surprised that he had saved some candy and was able to think about the candy during the 19 . As time goes on, I remain 20 by the experience of witnessing a nine-year-old save a stranger's life. Even today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile. 1．A．created B．revealed C．introduced D．preserved 2．A．witness B．visitor C．match D．exception 3．A．caught B．confirmed C．gotten off D．put off 4．A．safely B．accidentally C．casually D．immediately 5．A．get across B．figure out C．take down D．bring up 6．A．medical B．financial C．educational D．military 7．A．recalled B．determined C．admitted D．guaranteed 8．A．Instead B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 9．A．worried B．confused C．embarrassed D．annoyed 10．A．station B．destination C．scene D．department 11．A．chaos B．possession C．habit D．direction 12．A．gave away B．set aside C．pulled out D．kept off 13．A．memory B．appetite C．independence D．consciousness 14．A．risked B．saved C．sacrificed D．respected 15．A．proper B．tough C．enjoyable D．mysterious 16．A．forcing B．urging C．reminding D．permitting 17．A．guilty B．anxious C．sensitive D．doubtful 18．A．modest B．ambitious C．heroic D．confident 19．A．flight B．operation C．performance D．emergency 20．A．relieved B．puzzled C．frustrated D．inspired Passage 4 （2023·天津·高考真题）In my early thirties, I decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa at 5, 895 meters above sea level. After months of preparation, I started my great 1 .At the base of the mountain, I met Mik, a local porter, who warmly 2 me. Mik’s job was to carry my equipment up the mountain, set up the tent (帐篷), and carry everything back down after reaching the 3 . Mik stood about 1.6 meters tall. I was 4 with a pack nearly as tall as his whole body. Just imagine this little man with the huge equipment 5 on his head. The first day of the climb was 6 the rain forest, across a slippery (滑的), muddy ground covered with tree roots and vines (藤蔓). Mik was carrying 30 kilos on his head! By that evening, we made it to 3, 000 meters. The air was 7 and it was colder. When I arrived at the campsite for the night, my tent was already set up and 8 me. Day two was much steeper (陡峭的) and rockier. I really had to 9 what I was doing. And I felt guilty for the tough.   10 Mik had to work in Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile, “Polle, polle, ”which means“ 11 , take it easy” in his native language. I 12 back, my burden lighter somehow. Over the next five days, the climb got 13 difficult. The temperatures could 14 from 21°C to below freezing in a few hours. At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen 15 in each breath compared to at sea level. That leaves many people with severe headache. Yet Mik remained 16 . He always had a smile and a positive 17 .It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 18 to keep going. Even today, when I find myself 19 with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile. A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 20 stranger to the top of a mountain. 1．A．performance B．business C．presentation D．adventure 2．A．questioned B．congratulated C．greeted D．invited 3．A．base B．peak C．forest D．border 4．A．covered B．equipped C．occupied D．treated 5．A．balanced B．exposed C．displayed D．folded 6．A．outside B．beside C．through D．over 7．A．thinner B．softer C．drier D．sweeter 8．A．looking after B．pointing to C．resting on D．waiting for 9．A．focus on B．comment on C．inquire into D．break into 10．A．locations B．conditions C．atmosphere D．competition 11．A．stop B．hurry C．relax D．move 12．A．ran B．talked C．smiled D．rode 13．A．slightly B．increasingly C．automatically D．equally 14．A．swing B．circle C．climb D．last 15．A．predictable B．available C．noticeable D．affordable 16．A．ambitious B．modest C．thankful D．cheerful 17．A．direction B．advantage C．attitude D．relationship 18．A．impression B．platform C．opportunity D．strength 19．A．cooperating B．struggling C．associating D．communicating 20．A．persuade B．introduce C．motivate D．recommend Passage 5 （2022·天津·高考真题）When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 1 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students, I was filled with fear. I knew I would 2 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 3 . “Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so 4 and my world came 5 down in an instant. From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 6 . With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 7 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) 8 way out. The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started 9 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked mum. She 10 and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 11 out of. I made a 12 not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 13 could be achieved. The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 14 why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t 15 at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 16 I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was 17 a lot that year. 18 I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 19 everything in a person’s life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 20 inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable. 1．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly 2．A．mess up B．move on C．set out D．take off 3．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor 4．A．ashamed B．starved C．excited D．relaxed 5．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending 6．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter 7．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy 8．A．funny B．important C．easy D．traditional 9．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating 10．A．had a point B．made a change C．reached a level D．took a break 11．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb 12．A．request B．resolution C．presentation D．proposal 13．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution 14．A．figure out B．give away C．think over D．make up 15．A．aim B．smile C．wave D．shout 16．A．anger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise 17．A．felt B．shown C．removed D．voiced 18．A．Carrying on B．Looking back C．Stepping aside D．Turning around 19．A．consume B．examine C．reflect D．rescue 20．A．unknown B．unpunished C．interested D．trapped Passage 6 （2021·天津·高考真题）For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 1 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 2 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 3 . For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 4 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 5 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 6 to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt 7 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 8 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again 9 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 10 to buy one. The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 11 bicycles. Then came more than 500 12 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 13 to their owners. Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 14 struggling. 15 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to 16 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 17 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. "It's a really great 18 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 19 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 20 that he can make on people." 1．A．amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened 2．A．emotions B．career C．opinions D．route 3．A．ever B．together C．instead D．yet 4．A．ride B．lock C．repair D．replace 5．A．lack B．variety C．increase D．quality 6．A．instruction B．qualification C．transportation D．permission 7．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from 8．A．remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered 9．A．by accident B．in advance C．for free D．on credit 10．A．profit B．budget C．courage D．excuse 11．A．shared B．used C．expensive D．modern 12．A．enquiries B．advertisements C．notices D．announcements 13．A．exported B．sold C．lent D．returned 14．A．hardly B．slightly C．truly D．instantly 15．A．Without B．Beyond C．Upon D．Among 16．A．practical B．commercial C．mathematical D．social 17．A．Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile 18．A．promise B．celebration C．comfort D．experience 19．A．competition B．service C．ceremony D．suggestion 20．A．compromise B．impression C．impact D．progress Passage 7 （2021·天津·高考真题）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely 1 . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother 2 meditation (冥想),while I was a born 3 who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't 4 . I didn't 5 having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. 6 , I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be 7 for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough 8 my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n） 9 between us because we shared a room. At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I 10 to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and 11 practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother 12 quiet when I got home. After two days of this, my brother asked me to 13 him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song 14 ,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new 15 . I kept trying at the song, no longer getting 16 at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to 17 power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything 18 the first time and that good things come with continual 19 .I now understand why my brother favours the 20 . 1．A．mature B．different C．content D．normal 2．A．disliked B．preferred C．replaced D．abandoned 3．A．writer B．leader C．painter D．performer 4．A．get along B．drop by C．show off D．check in 5．A．try B．mind C．enjoy D．delay 6．A．In particular B．In vain C．In return D．In theory 7．A．humorous B．ordinary C．competitive D．grateful 8．A．above B．below C．near D．without 9．A．issue B．contrast C．agreement D．balance 10．A．struggled B．expected C．promised D．decided 11．A．began B．allowed C．stopped D．continued 12．A．hated B．experienced C．accepted D．wanted 13．A．help B．invite C．join D．admire 14．A．gracefully B．suddenly C．fiercely D．cautiously 15．A．limit B．sentence C．mistake D．philosophy 16．A．rude B．angry C．surprised D．excited 17．A．lose B．share C．reduce D．maintain 18．A．wrong B．right C．back D．down 19．A．luck B．absence C．effort D．fear 20．A．fight B．noise C．quiet D．safety Passage 8 （2020·天津·高考真题）Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 1 - -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 2 in a clever way. The 3 ? Chat benches. Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 4 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 5 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was 6 when she said that she didn’t actually 7 being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said. This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 8 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 9 to do something about it. He 10 the police department to allow him to 11   a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 12 :”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 13 conversations. The idea is catching on 14 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 15 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 16 -the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 17 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. This effort is not just a(n) 18 at being community minded- -it’s also a 19 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters. The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 20 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future. 1．A．choice B．discovery C．visit D．promise 2．A．experienced B．suffered C．prevented D．felt 3．A．solution B．puzzle C．excuse D．intention 4．A．pleasure B．prize C．credit D．money 5．A．eventually B．frequently C．previously D．occasionally 6．A．ashamed B．shocked C．excited D．amused 7．A．mind B．forgive C．risk D．enjoy 8．A．active B．lonely C．cautious D．stubborn 9．A．learned B．refused C．pretended D．decided 10．A．forced B．ordered C．convinced D．taught 11．A．put away B．make out C．tear apart D．set up 12．A．read B．claimed C．meant D．implied 13．A．formal B．joyful C．awkward D．crazy 14．A．randomly B．slowly C．quickly D．purposefully 15．A．positive B．disappointing C．correct D．embarrassing 16．A．realized B．examined C．discussed D．formed 17．A．break down B．put up C．keep off D．take out 18．A．glance B．attempt C．knock D．attack 19．A．heart-breaking B．risk-taking C．face-saving D．crime-cutting 20．A．forbids B．appoints C．encourages D．troubles Passage 9 （2020·天津·高考真题）For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the same school--- he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable. When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine （信条）and anything did I, 1 , copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I could 2 my dad taking me to school, running into him 3 during the day and riding home with him every afternoon. As I grew older, we were not as 4 as we used to be. He wasn't cool any more .He wore his socks too high, listened to 5 country music and laughed too loudly in front of my friends. He became a total embarrassment. However, the 6 that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, 7 as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me！ I wanted to run away. This 8 continued into high school, but we somehow began to find a balance .Things started to 9 around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The 10 was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio（比率）. All the students and physics teachers 11 . So did my dad, the only administrator！ Embarrassed, as usual, I 12 the  scene. 13 , later when I learned from my friends that my dad     14 all competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my 15 was a touch of pride. I had needed someone else to show me what I 16 in my dad. It wasn't the fact that he'd won； it was more than that. I began to 17 that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to 18 him, he still influenced me. I feel 19 to have such an unusual father. The 20 I have developed with my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown. 1．A．temporarily B．naturally C．originally D．passively 2．A．apply to B．count on C．see off D．pick out 3．A．gradually B．previously C．regularly D．eventually 4．A．close B．reliable C．generous D．confident 5．A．creative B．familiar C．horrible D．live 6．A．failures B．coincidences C．competitions D．disasters 7．A．dressed up B．broken down C．settled down D．signed up 8．A．debate B．party C．progress D．struggle 9．A．happen B．change C．grow D．disappear 10．A．issue B．task C．lesson D．procedure 11．A．participated B．protested C．hesitated D．explored 12．A．fled B．investigated C．pictured D．made 13．A．Instead B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．However 14．A．convinced B．defeated C．ignored D．evaluated 15．A．confusion B．encouragement C．embarrassment D．fascination 16．A．recommended B．tolerated C．doubted D．appreciated 17．A．recognize B．demand C．argue D．estimate 18．A．approach B．limit C．resist D．believe 19．A．puzzled B．fortunate C．concerned D．awkward 20．A．strategy B．habit C．relationship D．potential 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第01讲 完形填空之记叙文 目录 01 课标达标练 考向 完形填空记叙文 02 真题溯源练 考向 完形填空记叙文 Passage 1 （2025·天津北辰·三模）The director opened the door to the after-school learning center. Then 1 came in and seated themselves. After I handed these regulars reading exercises, the director walked a 2 kid to my desk, saying, “Michael, this is Harriet, your 3 .” I smiled and stretched out my hand in welcome. Ignoring me, Michael went to a seat. Obviously, he 4 to be here. “Each time you come, you’ll do reading exercises. Your 5 can earn you special tokens (券) and you can use them to buy toys,” I said. The newcomer immediately looked 6 . Seconds after I handed him the exercises, Michael said, I’ve 7 . How many tokens can I get?” Checking his exercises, I found many 8 . So I replied, “Read again slowly. All kids get tokens by working hard — not by working quickly or 9 .” Weeks later, he didn’t make a (n) 10 . He still rushed through his exercises without paying attention to the right answers. But when forced to do his exercises again, slowly, he’d 11 to get the right answers. He was smart. 12 , he was sloppy (草率的). In other words, he 13 to care how well he did. Realizing this, I decided to find ways to 14 his self-discipline and motivation, which went beyond our one-hour sessions. I 15 various ways, but in vain. I was rather 16 However, not wanting to 17 , one day, I said, “Michael, now, you decide how many tokens you 18 each time.” At the end of the session, Michael said, “I think I should get only two tokens. The 19 is that I made many mistakes due to my carelessness. But I will be careful next time.” Becoming a judge really changed his 20 . Gradually Michael took responsibility for his learning. 1．A．parents B．students C．cleaners D．teachers 2．A．new B．handsome C．tidy D．short 3．A．doctor B．competitor C．driver D．instructor 4．A．stopped B．continued C．hated D．expected 5．A．effort B．appearance C．bravery D．interest 6．A．disappointed B．excited C．regretful D．proud 7．A．finished B．succeeded C．postponed D．checked 8．A．notes B．marks C．errors D．pictures 9．A．fearfully B．hesitantly C．selflessly D．carelessly 10．A．appointment B．change C．opinion D．effect 11．A．prepare B．forget C．pretend D．manage 12．A．Therefore B．However C．Otherwise D．Instead 13．A．promised B．wished C．failed D．demanded 14．A．expose B．discover C．improve D．possess 15．A．compared B．tried C．abandoned D．passed 16．A．sympathetic B．upset C．curious D．honored 17．A．break in B．drop out C．show off D．give up 18．A．need B．save C．deserve D．spend 19．A．consequence B．difference C．purpose D．reason 20．A．attitude B．dccision C．conclusion D．hobby 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．B 16．B 17．D 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为导师，如何帮助一个缺乏自律的学生迈克尔转变学习态度的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后学生们走进来，各自就座。A. parents父母；B. students学生；C. cleaners清洁工；D. teachers老师。根据后文“After I handed these regulars reading exercises”以及后文描述的学习场景可知，此处指学生走进教室就座。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我把这些学生们的常规阅读练习发给他们之后，主任带着一个新来的孩子走到我的桌前说：“迈克尔，这是哈丽特，你的导师。”A. new新的；B. handsome英俊的；C. tidy整洁的；D. short矮的。根据后文“The newcomer”可知，这个孩子是新来的。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我把这些学生们的常规阅读练习发给他们之后，主任带着一个新来的孩子走到我的桌前说：“迈克尔，这是哈丽特，你的导师。”A. doctor医生；B. competitor竞争者；C. driver司机；D. instructor导师。根据前文“After I handed these regulars reading exercises”可知，作者在给学生发阅读练习，所以作者应该是导师，这里主任介绍作者给新来的孩子认识。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，他讨厌来这儿。A. stopped停止；B. continued继续；C. hated讨厌；D. expected期待。根据前文“Ignoring me, Michael went to a seat.”可知，新来的孩子迈克尔对作者的态度很冷淡，由此可推测他讨厌来这儿。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的努力可以为你赢得特殊的代币，你可以用它们来买玩具。A. effort努力；B. appearance外表；C. bravery勇敢；D. interest兴趣。根据后文“All kids get tokens by working hard”可知，此处指努力可以赢得代币。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个新来的孩子立刻看起来很兴奋。A. disappointed失望的；B. excited兴奋的；C. regretful后悔的；D. proud骄傲的。根据后文“How many tokens can I get?”可知，迈克尔听到可以用努力赢得代币来买玩具，所以看起来很兴奋。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我把练习发给他几秒钟后，迈克尔说：“我做完了。我能得到多少代币？”A. finished完成；B. succeeded成功；C. postponed推迟；D. checked检查。根据后文“How many tokens can I get?”可知，迈克尔问能得到多少代币，说明他做完了练习。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：检查他的练习，我发现了很多错误。A. notes笔记；B. marks分数；C. errors错误；D. pictures图片。根据后文“Read again slowly.”可知，作者让迈克尔再读一遍，说明他练习中有很多错误。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有的孩子都是通过努力学习来获得代币的——而不是通过做得快或粗心大意。A. fearfully害怕地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. selflessly无私地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据前文“not by working quickly”以及后文“he was sloppy (草率的)”可知，此处指不是通过做得快或粗心大意来获得代币。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，他没有任何改变。A. appointment约会；B. change改变；C. opinion观点；D. effect影响。根据后文“He still rushed through his exercises without paying attention to the right answers.”可知，迈克尔仍然没有改变，还是匆匆忙忙地做练习。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当被迫慢慢地重新做练习时，他就能得到正确的答案。A. prepare准备；B. forget忘记；C. pretend假装；D. manage设法做到。根据前文“But when forced to do his exercises again”以及文“to get the right answers”可知，当要求迈克尔慢慢地重新做练习时，他就能设法得到正确的答案。故选D。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他很粗心。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Instead相反。根据前文“He was smart.”以及后文“he was sloppy (草率的).”可知，前后为转折关系，所以用however。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，他不在乎自己做得好不好。A. promised承诺；B. wished希望；C. failed失败；D. demanded要求。根据前文“he was sloppy (草率的)”可知，迈克尔很粗心，所以他不在乎自己做得好不好，fail to do sth.表示“未能做某事”。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到这一点，我决定想办法提高他的自律和动力，这超出了我们一小时的课程范围。A. expose暴露；B. discover发现；C. improve提高；D. possess拥有。根据后文“his self-discipline and motivation”可知，作者意识到了迈克尔的问题，所以他想要提高他的自律和动力。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了各种方法，但都无济于事。A. compared比较；B. tried尝试；C. abandoned抛弃；D. passed通过。根据后文“but in vain”可知，作者尝试了各种方法，但都没有用。故选B。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相当沮丧。A. sympathetic同情的；B. upset沮丧的；C. curious好奇的；D. honored荣幸的。根据前文“ I  ____15____  various ways, but in vain.”可知，作者尝试了各种方法都没有用，所以感到沮丧。故选B。 17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我不想放弃，有一天，我说：“迈克尔，现在，你自己决定每次应该得到多少代币。”A. break in闯入；B. drop out退出；C. show off炫耀；D. give up放弃。根据前文的however以及后文“I said, “Michael, now, you decide how many tokens you  ____18____  each time”可知，作者没有放弃，而是想出了新的方法。故选D。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不想放弃，有一天，我说：“迈克尔，现在，你自己决定每次应该得到多少代币。”A. need需要；B. save节省；C. deserve应得；D. spend花费。根据后文“I think I should get only two tokens.”可知，作者让迈克尔自己决定每次应该得到多少代币。故选C。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：原因是我因为粗心犯了很多错误。A. consequence结果；B. difference不同；C. purpose目的；D. reason原因。根据后文“that I made many mistakes due to my carelessness”可知，迈克尔解释了自己认为自己只应该得到两个代币的原因。故选D。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：成为一个评判者真的改变了他的态度。A. attitude态度；B. decision决定；C. conclusion结论；D. hobby爱好。根据后文“Gradually Michael took responsibility for his learning.”可知，迈克尔的态度发生了改变，开始对自己的学习负责。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高三下·天津南开·阶段练习）When I first set foot on Mexican soil, I spoke Spanish well. So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream, and he said “ahorita,” which directly 1 to “right now”, I took him at his word, believing that its arrival was 2 . I sat near his shop and 3 . Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it, “ahorita,” he told me again. His face was a mix of 4 and maybe even embarrassment. I was 5 . Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was 6 to walk away, especially if the ice-cream was now being 7 just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a (an) 8 for nearest bus to take me home. As I left, I 9 at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller. 10 I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault. His face was, once again, one of the total confusion. This experience 11 from my memory’ until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I 12 that understanding “ahorita” took not a mastery of the language, but rather a 13 in the culture. When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken 14 ; its meaning changes greatly with 15 . As a linguist told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when 16 an offer. Difficulty in explaining what I have come to call “Ahorita Time” is a 17 of different cultural understandings of time. Since I moved to Mexico, my attitude towards time has changed dramatically. I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for 18 , but when I’m not, I don’t feel 19 . Ironically, it would seem that “Ahorita Time,” has actually 20 me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before. 1．A．translates B．spreads C．limits D．responds 2．A．distant B．immediate C．annoying D．permanent 3．A．bargained B．defended C．argued D．waited 4．A．anger B．curiosity C．confusion D．excitement 5．A．comfortable B．sorrowful C．hesitant D．determined 6．A．urgent B．impolite C．motivating D．depressing 7．A．conveyed B．delivered C．recalled D．restricted 8．A．rush B．call C．resolution D．requirement 9．A．defeated B．signaled C．screamed D．smiled 10．A．Fortunately B．Strangely C．Gradually D．Obviously 11．A．faded B．printed C．folded D．accumulated 12．A．approved B．intended C．discovered D．strengthened 13．A．proposal B．beauty C．comment D．fluency 14．A．literally B．broadly C．deeply D．strongly 15．A．emotion B．climate C．personality D．context 16．A．giving B．seeking C．rejecting D．accepting 17．A．mixture B．secret C．reflection D．preparation 18．A．arguments B．appointments C．amusements D．statements 19．A．dizzy B．isolated C．panicked D．satisfied 20．A．protected B．recommend C．invited D．allowed 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在墨西哥时因不懂“ahorita”的含义而空等冰淇淋，多年后发现“ahorita”含义非常丰富，这一语言的用法反映不同文化对时间理解的差异，也改变了作者对时间的态度。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我向当地的冰淇淋小贩要冰淇淋时，他说“ahorita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我相信他的话，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. translates翻译；B. spreads传播；C. limits限制；D. responds回答。根据后文“to “right now””可知，ahorita直接翻译过来是“马上”的意思。故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我向当地的冰淇淋小贩要冰淇淋时，他说“ahorita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我相信他的话，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. distant遥远的；B. immediate立即的；C. annoying令人恼火的；D. permanent永久的。根据上文“and he said “ahorita,” which directly 1 to “right now”, I took him at his word”可知，作者把小贩说的“ahorita”理解为“马上”，相信了他的话，因此指以为冰淇淋立即就会到。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在他的店旁边等着。A. bargained讨价还价；B. defended防御；C. argued争论；D. waited等待。根据后文“Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived”以及“Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant”可知，作者等了半个小时，故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸上混杂着困惑，甚至可能是尴尬。A. anger愤怒；B. curiosity好奇心；C. confusion困惑；D. excitement激动。根据下文“His face was, once again, one of the total confusion.(他的脸又一次显得十分困惑)”可知，此时小贩的脸上混杂着困惑，甚至可能是尴尬。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很犹豫不定。A. comfortable舒适的；B. sorrowful悲伤的；C. hesitant犹豫不定的；D. determined坚定的。根据下文“Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but I felt it was 6 to walk away”可知，长时间的等待并不愉快，因此指犹豫不定。故选C。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：长时间的等待并不愉快，但我觉得走开是不礼貌的，尤其是现在冰淇淋是专门为我送的。A. urgent紧急的；B. impolite不礼貌的；C. motivating激励的；D. depressing令人沮丧的。根据后文“especially if the ice-cream was now being ___7___ just for me”可知，作者认为冰淇淋是专门为自己做的，走开不礼貌。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：长时间的等待并不愉快，但我觉得走开是不礼貌的，尤其是现在冰淇淋是专门为我送的。A. conveyed传达；B. delivered递送；C. recalled回想起；D. restricted限制。根据上文“So when I asked a local ice-cream seller for an ice-cream”可知，作者向小贩要了一份冰淇淋，因此指现在冰淇淋是专门为作者送的。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最后，在等了太长时间之后，我匆忙去找最近的公共汽车回家。A. rush匆忙；B. call呼叫；C. resolution决心；D. requirement要求。根据上文“after waiting too long”可知，作者等了太长时间，再结合下文“for nearest bus to take me home”可推知，因为花了太多时间等待，作者最后匆忙去找最近的公共汽车回家，短语make a rush意为“匆忙行动”。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开时，我用手腕打了个手势，对卖冰淇淋的人耸了耸肩。A. defeated击败；B. signaled示意；C. screamed尖叫；D. smiled微笑。根据下文“at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller”可推知，作者是通过肢体语言向卖冰淇淋的人传达自己的意思，是用手腕打了个手势。故选B。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，我不能再等了，这真的不是我的错。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Strangely奇怪地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Obviously明显地。根据上文叙述的作者等了很长时间的冰淇淋，但一直没有拿到，最后得回家了，以及下文“I couldn’t wait any longer and it really wasn’t my fault”可推知，作者想表示显然自己无法再等下去。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历逐渐从我的记忆中消失，直到多年后我回到墨西哥生活。A. faded逐渐消失；B. printed印刷；C. folded折叠；D. accumulated积累。根据下文“from my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico”可推知，作者逐渐忘了这段经历，后来再回到墨西哥生活，才想起来这件事。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要掌握语言，而是需要对文化的熟悉。A. approved支持；B. intended打算；C. discovered发现；D. strengthened加强。根据后文“that understanding “ahorita” took not a mastery of the language, but rather a”可知，作者发现了“ahorita”的真相：需要对文化的熟悉。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要掌握语言，而是需要对文化的熟悉。A. proposal提议；B. beauty美丽；C. comment评论；D. fluency流利。根据下文“As a linguist told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a polite way of saying “no, thanks” when ___16___ an offer.”可知，墨西哥人所说的“ahorita”有着非常丰富的含义，理解其含义需要流利的文化，即对文化非常了解。故选D。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当墨西哥人说“ahorita”时，几乎不应该从字面上理解；它的意思随着语境的不同而变化很大。A. literally字面地；B. broadly广泛地；C. deeply深深地；D. strongly强烈地。根据下文“its meaning changes greatly”可知，它的意思变化很大，因此是不应该从字面上理解，短语take sth. literally意为“按照字面去理解”。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当墨西哥人说“ahorita”时，几乎不应该从字面上理解；它的意思随着语境的不同而变化很大。A. emotion情感；B. climate气候；C. personality个性；D. context语境。根据下文“As a linguist told me, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.”(正如一位语言学家告诉我的那样，Ahorita的意思可能是明天、一小时后、五年内或永远不会。”)”可知，墨西哥人所说的“ahorita”有着非常丰富的含义，由此推知，它的意思随着语境的不同而变化很大。故选D。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它甚至被用作拒绝邀请时表示“不，谢谢”的礼貌方式。A. giving给予；B. seeking寻找；C. rejecting拒绝；D. accepting接受。根据上文“a polite way of saying “no, thanks””可推知，这是在拒绝邀请时表示“不，谢谢”的礼貌方式。故选C。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：解释我所谓的“Ahorita时间”的困难反映了不同文化对时间的理解。A. mixture混合物；B. secret秘密；C. reflection反射；反映；D. preparation准备。根据上文“Difficulty in explaining what I have come to call “Ahorita Time””和下文“of different cultural understandings of time”可推知，语言和文化紧密相关，作者很难解释“Ahorita时间”是因为不同文化对时间有不同的理解，即这种困难反映了这种理解上的差异。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不太担心迟到；我通常还是会准时赴约，但当我不能准时赴约时，我也不会感到恐慌。A. arguments争论；B. appointments约定；C. amusements娱乐；D. statements陈述。根据上文“I don’t worry so much about being late; I am generally still on time for”可推知，此处是指和时间相关的约定行为，作者通常还是会准时赴约。故选B。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不太担心迟到；我通常还是会准时赴约，但当我不能准时赴约时，我也不会感到恐慌。A. dizzy头晕的；B. isolated孤立的；C. panicked恐慌的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“I don’t worry so much about being late”可知，作者不太担心迟到，因此在不能准时的时候，也不会感到恐慌。故选C。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，“Ahorita Time”似乎让我比以往任何时候都更能活在“当下”。A. protected保护；B. recommend推荐；C. invited邀请；D. allowed允许。根据后文“me to live far more in the “right now” than I ever did before”可知，指“Ahorita Time”让作者更加活在当下了，此处为短语allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故选D。 Passage 3 （2025·天津·一模）Five girl students of the University of Georgia were traveling from Athens to Savannah for a weekend celebration. After turning along Murray Hill Road, the group of students 1 the Brier Creek bridge and saw something 2 — a dust cloud below the bridge with a flash of white light. “We pulled over super 3 , turned, went down this hill to that area and we just saw a white car sinking 4 , said Molly McCollum, one of the students. McCollum added that she was 5 in shock at what she was seeing — saying she knew she had to 6 and do something about the situation. The students proceeded to 7 out of their car and 8 toward the three passengers, a mom and two kids. Two of the students entered the water to get the 9 to safety while the others gathered supplies and communicated with 10 responders. Seeing a kid 11 , one student put her lifeguarding skills to the 12 by performing CPR (心肺复苏术) on him immediately. It was a worst-case situation — but somehow, within a minute, the kid began 13 . The Burke County Sheriff’s Office said all three survivors of the incident were sent to a hospital — and that they were 14 to leave the hospital the next day. McCollum said, “The sinking 15 was a unique catastrophe (灾难). Actually, there are people 16 all around us all the time. If we can 17 the frequent opportunities that arise to help and uplift one another, the outcomes can be just as impactful as in 18 in catastrophic events.” The five girl students who took part in the rescue were 19 with a life-saving heroism award from the University of Georgia. The 20 “hero” gets said about sports stars and others, but these five are true heroes. 1．A．designed B．attacked C．removed D．approached 2．A．irregular B．odd C．natural D．pleasant 3．A．hard B．late C．high D．fast 4．A．underwater B．overhead C．nowhere D．beforehand 5．A．frequently B．secretly C．originally D．typically 6．A．break out B．step in C．bounce back D．carry on 7．A．leave B．stand C．jump D．cross 8．A．rush B．turn C．park D．shout 9．A．victims B．witnesses C．companions D．participants 10．A．service B．health C．media D．emergency 11．A．painful B．hopeless C．senseless D．nervous 12．A．experiment B．test C．fight D．stage 13．A．weeping B．chatting C．responding D．running 14．A．liberated B．permitted C．recorded D．motivated 15．A．boat B．bridge C．treasure D．vehicle 16．A．struggling B．bothering C．escaping D．appreciating 17．A．take advantage of B．make up for C．add up to D．lose sight of 18．A．calling B．believing C．assisting D．checking 19．A．filled B．honored C．equipped D．loaded 20．A．story B．idea C．phrase D．term 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了五名女学生救起落水车辆中三人并获表彰的事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这群学生在沿着默里希尔路转弯后，接近了布赖尔溪大桥，看到了一些奇怪的东西——桥下有一团尘雾，还有一道白光闪过。A. designed设计；B. attacked攻击；C. removed移除；D. approached接近。根据上文“After turning along Murray Hill Road”及下文“saw something”可知，这群学生是接近桥的时候看到了东西。故选D。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这群学生在沿着默里希尔路转弯后，接近了布赖尔溪大桥，看到了一些奇怪的东西——桥下有一团尘雾，还有一道白光闪过。A. irregular不规律的；B. odd奇怪的；C. natural自然的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据下文“a dust cloud below the bridge with a flash of white light”可知，这是奇怪的现象。故选B。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们迅速把车停在路边，掉头，下了这座小山到那个区域，我们就看到一辆白色的汽车正在沉入水下，” 其中一名学生莫莉・麦科勒姆说。A. hard努力地；B. late晚地；C. high高地；D. fast快速地。根据上文“saw something ___2___”及下文“turned, went down this hill to that area”可知，她们动作很快，停车也快。故选D。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们迅速把车停在路边，掉头，下了这座小山到那个区域，我们就看到一辆白色的汽车正在沉入水下，” 其中一名学生莫莉・麦科勒姆说。A. underwater在水下；B. overhead在头顶上；C. nowhere无处；D. beforehand事先。根据上文“we just saw a white car sinking”可知，车在沉入水下。故选A。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：麦科勒姆补充说，她最初对自己所看到的情景感到震惊 —— 她说她知道自己必须介入并对这种情况采取行动。A. frequently频繁地；B. secretly秘密地；C. originally最初；D. typically典型地。根据下文“in shock at what she was seeing”可知，这里说的是最初看到场景时的反应。故选C。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦科勒姆补充说，她最初对自己所看到的情景感到震惊 —— 她说她知道自己必须介入并对这种情况采取行动。A. break out爆发；B. step in介入；C. bounce back恢复；D. carry on继续。根据下文“do something about the situation”可知，麦科勒姆要介入帮忙。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们接着从车里跳出来，冲向那三名乘客，一位母亲和两个孩子。A. leave离开；B. stand站立；C. jump跳；D. cross穿过。根据下文“out of their car”可知，当时情况紧急应是快速跳下车。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们接着从车里跳出来，冲向那三名乘客，一位母亲和两个孩子。A. rush冲；B. turn转动；C. park停车；D. shout呼喊。根据上文“The students proceeded to ___7___ out of their car”及下文“toward the three passengers, a mom and two kids”可知，因为情况紧急要救人，所以是冲向乘客。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名学生进入水中，将受害者转移到安全地带，而其他学生则收集物资并与紧急救援人员沟通。A. victims受害者；B. witnesses目击者；C. companions同伴；D. participants参与者。根据下文“to safety”可知，两名学生将受害者转移到安全地带。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两名学生进入水中，将受害者转移到安全地带，而其他学生则收集物资并与紧急救援人员沟通。A. service服务；B. health健康；C. media媒体；D. emergency紧急情况。根据下文“responders”及常识可知，出了事故，联系的应该是紧急救援人员。故选D。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到一个孩子没有意识，一名学生立即运用她的救生员技能对他进行心肺复苏术。A. painful痛苦的；B. hopeless没有希望的；C. senseless没有意识的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“performing CPR on him”可知，孩子没有意识了。故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到一个孩子没有意识，一名学生立即运用她的救生员技能对他进行心肺复苏术。A. experiment实验；B. test测试；考验；C. fight斗争；D. stage阶段。put...to the test“使……经受考验”为固定短语，这里指考验她的救人技能。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是最糟糕的情况 —— 但不知怎的，不到一分钟，孩子开始有反应了。A. weeping哭泣；B. chatting聊天；C. responding有反应；D. running跑。根据上文“Seeing a kid ___11___, one student put her lifeguarding skills to the ___12___ by performing CPR on him immediately.”可知，孩子没意识了做心肺复苏，然后有反应了。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯克县警长办公室表示，事故中的三名幸存者都被送往了医院 —— 他们第二天被允许出院。A. liberated解放；B. permitted允许；C. recorded记录；D. motivated激励。根据下文“to leave the hospital the next day”可知，幸存者被允许出院。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦科勒姆说：“车辆下沉是一场独特的灾难。”A. boat船；B. bridge桥；C. treasure财宝；D. vehicle车辆。根据上文“a white car sinking”可知，是车辆下沉。故选D。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我们周围一直都有人在挣扎。A. struggling挣扎；B. bothering打扰；C. escaping逃跑；D. appreciating欣赏。根据下文“to help and uplift one another”可知，周围总有人在困境中挣扎。故选A。 17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们能够利用出现的频繁机会来互相帮助和鼓舞，其结果可能会和在灾难性事件中提供帮助一样具有影响力。A. take advantage of利用；B. make up for弥补；C. add up to总计达；D. lose sight of看不见。根据下文“the frequent opportunities”可知，我们要利用机会来互相帮忙。故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能够利用出现的频繁机会来互相帮助和鼓舞，其结果可能会和在灾难性事件中提供帮助一样具有影响力。A. calling呼叫；B. believing相信；C. assisting帮助；D. checking检查。根据上文“to help and uplift one another”及下文“in catastrophic events”可知，这里说的是在灾难性事件中帮助别人。故选C。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：参与救援的五名女学生被佐治亚大学授予了拯救生命的英雄主义奖。A. filled充满；B. honored授予荣誉；C. equipped装备；D. loaded装载。根据下文“with a life-saving heroism award”可知，参与救援的五名女学生被授予奖项。故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“英雄”这个词常用来形容体育明星和其他人，但这五个人才是真正的英雄。A. story故事；B. idea想法；C. phrase短语；D. term词语。根据下文““hero” gets said about sports stars and others”可知，这里指的是hero这个词语。故选D。 Passage 4 （2025·天津和平·一模） I Taught My Student About Scientific Failure As a Ph.D．student, I went through many 1 cycles developing theories that would later prove to be failures because of uncertain experimental results. When I graduated, I was not willing to 2 so many hours away from my young children with so little to show for it. 3 I embraced my love of teaching by working as a lecturer. A decade later, with my kids in school, my scientific 4 came out of hibernation (冬眠状态) and I 5 a position at a liberal arts college (文理学院), where I established my own small lab. In my undergraduate classes, I asked my students to complete lab experiments that were virtually 6 to get interpretable data. But after a few years, I grew 7 with the gap between those picture-perfect experiments and my own research projects. Yes, my students left lab sessions with results, feeling their time had been 8 . However, I worried I was cheating them out of the actual experience of practicing science, which 9 produces data on the first try. I decided to develop a new course that would give our students experience 10 real experiments, ones that had the 11 to fail. I gave the students a collection of papers to read. During group brainstorming sessions, they identified new questions that arose from what had already been done and collectively 12 their own theories. After spending time learning lab methods required to test their theories, they got to work performing their first experiment. On the day of data analysis, I handed them 14 Western blot (免疫印迹法) printouts and asked them to 13 the images and discuss their findings. Most 14 that their blots were correct — that the background bands they saw represented the proteins they had hoped to discover—and immediately jumped to interpreting the data. But I 15 to let them move on. After hours of struggle, one student finally spoke up. “It doesn’t 16 ,” he said. “The bands look the same size, but the proteins should be different sizes.” Terrific! This breakthrough helped his classmates start to look at the results with more 17 eyes. Within minutes, they were filled with ideas about what could have gone 18 . We spent the next two hours covering the blackboard with plans to study the procedures. My students were thinking like scientists — a development no amount of advance planning could have created. Research is messy and full of failed 19 . Trying to protect students from that reality does 20 to them. My students had a hard lesson in scientific failure and how to be resilient in the face of it. It is a lesson I wish I had learned before starting graduate school. 1．A．frustrating B．unforgettable C．demanding D．checkable 2．A．sacrifice B．devote C．invest D．spare 3．A．Besides B．Instead C．Nevertheless D．Otherwise 4．A．curiosity B．generosity C．productivity D．sensitivity 5．A．secured B．offered C．filled D．occupied 6．A．attracted B．guaranteed C．opposed D．restricted 7．A．unavailable B．uncomfortable C．unforgivable D．unsuitable 8．A．well-spent B．fast-paced C．never-ending D．badly-consuming 9．A．constantly B．definitely C．rarely D．usually 10．A．witnessing B．recording C．checking D．performing 11．A．alternative B．intention C．potential D．right 12．A．looked forward to B．came up with C．ran out of D．stayed away from 13．A．look over B．pick out C．search for D．throw away 14．A．doubted B．denied C．assumed D．guessed 15．A．determined B．expected C．hesitated D．refused 16．A．bear risk B．gain access C．make sense D．take effect 17．A．competitive B．imaginative C．negative D．objective 18．A．crazy B．virtual C．wild D．wrong 19．A．attempts B．desires C．promises D．regrets 20．A．benefit B．favor C．harm D．honor 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．C 17．D 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位前博士生转变为讲师后，如何在教学中结合个人科研经历，改革实验课程，让学生体验真实的科学实践过程，包括面对实验失败的经历。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名博士生，我经历了许多令人沮丧的周期，不断提出理论，却由于实验结果的不确定，这些理论后来都被证明是失败的。A. frustrating令人沮丧的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. demanding要求高的；D. checkable可检查的。根据下文“developing theories that would later prove to be failures because of uncertain experimental results”可知，作者经历了很多令人沮丧的周期。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕业时，我不愿意为了那些微不足道的成果，牺牲陪伴年幼孩子的无数时光。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. devote奉献；C. invest投资；D. spare留出。根据下文“so many hours away from my young children with so little to show for it”可知，作者不愿意牺牲陪孩子的时间。故选A。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我投身于热爱的教育事业，成为了一名讲师。A. Besides另外；B. Instead相反；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文“I embraced my love of teaching by working as a lecturer”可知，句子表示“相反，我投身于热爱的教育事业，成为了一名讲师”，空格处意为“相反”。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：十年后，我的孩子们都上学了，我对科学的好奇心从冬眠中苏醒过来，我在一所文理学院找到了一份工作，在那里我建立了自己的小实验室。A. curiosity好奇心；B. generosity慷慨；C. productivity生产力；D. sensitivity敏感。根据下文“where I established my own small lab”可知，作者对科学的好奇心苏醒了过来。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年后，我的孩子们都上学了，我对科学的好奇心从冬眠中苏醒过来，我在一所文理学院找到了一份工作，在那里我建立了自己的小实验室。A. secured获得，得到；B. offered提供；C. filled填充；D. occupied占据。根据下文“a position at a liberal arts college”可知，作者在一所文理学院找到了一份工作。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在给本科生上课时，我要求学生完成几乎可以保证获得可解释数据的实验。A. attracted吸引；B. guaranteed保证；C. opposed反对；D. restricted限制。根据上文“lab experiments that were virtually”和下文“to get interpretable data”可知，实验可以保证获得可解释的数据。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但几年后，我对那些完美的实验和我自己的研究项目之间的差距感到不舒服。A. unavailable不可获得的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unforgivable不可原谅的；D. unsuitable不合适的。根据下文“the gap between those picture-perfect experiments and my own research projects”可知，作者对那些完美的实验和自己的研究项目之间的差距感到不舒服。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，我的学生们带着成果离开了实验课，觉得他们的时间花得很值。A. well-spent使用得当的；B. fast-paced快节奏的；C. never-ending永无止境的；D. badly-consuming消耗不合理的。根据上文“my students left lab sessions with results”可知，学生带着成果离开了实验室，所以觉得时间使用地得当。故选A。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我担心自己在剥夺他们实践科学的真实体验，因为科学实践很少能一次就成功获得数据。A. constantly持续不断地；B. definitely绝对地；C. rarely很少地；D. usually通常。根据上文“the actual experience of practicing science”和下文“produces data on the first try”可知，科学实践很少能一次就成功获得数据。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定开设一门新课程，让我们的学生体验做真正的实验，那些有可能失败的实验。A. witnessing见证；B. recording记录；C. checking检查；D. performing执行。根据下文“real experiments”可知，此处是指进行实验。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定开设一门新课程，让我们的学生体验做真正的实验，那些有可能失败的实验。A. alternative可供替代的选择；B. intention目的；C. potential可能性；D. right权利。根据上文“real experiments, ones that had the”和下文“to fail”可知，此处是指实验是有可能会失败的。故选C。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在小组头脑风暴会议上，他们从已完成的研究中发现了新的问题，并集体提出了自己的理论。A. looked forward to期待；B. came up with提出；C. ran out of用完；D. stayed away from远离。根据下文“their own theories”可知，此处是提出了自己的理论。故选B。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在数据分析的那天，我给他们14份免疫印迹法打印件，让他们查看图像并讨论他们的发现。A. look over查看；B. pick out挑选出；C. search for搜索；D. throw away扔掉。根据下文“the images and discuss their findings”可知，作者叫学生查看那些图像。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为他们的印迹法是正确的——他们看到的背景条带代表了他们希望发现的蛋白质——并立即开始解释数据。但我拒绝让他们继续下去。A. doubted怀疑；B. denied否认；C. assumed认为；D. guessed猜测。根据下文“that their blots were correct”可知，大多数学生认为他们的印迹法是正确的。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我拒绝让他们继续。A. determined决定；B. expected期待；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。But表转折，因此作者拒绝让学生继续，故选D。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这说不通。A. bear risk承担风险；B. gain access获得进入；C. make sense讲得通；D. take effect生效。根据下文“The bands look the same size, but the proteins should be different sizes”可知，这个学生觉得这说不通。故选C。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一突破帮助他的同学开始用更客观的眼光看待结果。A. competitive有竞争力的；B. imaginative富于想象力的；C. negative消极的；D. objective客观的。根据上文“This breakthrough helped his classmates start to look at the results with”可知，这个突破帮助学生更客观地看待结果。故选D。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟内，他们就充满了对可能出错之处的想法。A. crazy疯狂的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. wild野外的；D. wrong错误的。根据上文“The bands look the same size, but the proteins should be different sizes”可知，学生在想哪里出了错。故选D。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究是混乱的，充满了失败的尝试。A. attempts尝试；B. desires渴望；C. promises承诺；D. regrets后悔。根据上文“Research is messy”可知，研究是混乱的，充满了失败的尝试。故选A。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：试图保护学生免受这种现实的影响会对他们造成伤害。A. benefit好处；B. favor帮助；C. harm伤害；D. honor荣誉。根据上文“Research is messy and full of failed….Trying to protect students from that reality”可知，保护学生免受这种现实的影响对学生是有害的，故选C。 Passage 5 （2025·天津·一模）Four days before Thanksgiving, I had finished baking our holiday cookies. My friend dropped me a 1 : a family living in our community needed help with 2 and bills. The father had been in an accident and had been 3 of the chance to work for a long period. We was not acquainted with the family but went to 4 them with some cookies, hoping to help in some way. Maybe we could 5 of their young children. Or, since they had 6 had to struggle, and we were near experts on how to 7 on almost nothing, we could offer suggestions. While everyone chatted, I entered the 8 to see about the food situation. The cupboards were almost 9 . A single can of soup and a box of pasta (意大利面) sat alone in the cupboard. I was 10 , desperately wanting to help. Early the next morning, we 11 two full bags of groceries to our neighbors. Their young children jumped with 12 as they pulled groceries out of the bags. Their parents cried as they 13 us. There were three days left until Turkey Day, as though I 14 calling it Turkey Day since there would not be any turkey. Two mornings before the holiday, my oldest son found four full paper bags of groceries 15 outside our door. Now it was our 16 to pull out plenty of holiday foods, including a turkey! Weeks later, after we delicately tried to ask our 17 about the four bags of groceries, we were still 18 . We gave away two bags and 19 four! The mystery (谜) of the Thanksgiving groceries remains 20 but never forgotten. 1．A．notice B．news C．line D．requirement 2．A．medicine B．resources C．ambition D．food 3．A．robbed B．distributed C．envied D．guaranteed 4．A．call on B．pay off C．take in D．bring up 5．A．catch sight B．make fun C．take care D．take control 6．A．always B．never C．once D．sometimes 7．A．expand B．rest C．survive D．comment 8．A．kitchen B．study C．bathroom D．sitting-room 9．A．bare B．sufficient C．tolerant D．rough 10．A．exhausted B．scared C．embarrassed D．shocked 11．A．attained B．offered C．compared D．insisted 12．A．panic B．expectation C．pressure D．excitement 13．A．issued B．regulated C．thanked D．persuaded 14．A．inspired B．avoided C．persisted D．decreased 15．A．waiting B．managing C．holding D．restoring 16．A．chaos B．turn C．inquiry D．target 17．A．kids B．physicians C．doctors D．neighbors 18．A．careless B．motionless C．fearless D．clueless 19．A．negotiated B．received C．donated D．unfolded 20．A．unconsidered B．unevaluated C．unqualified D．unsolved 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．D 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在感恩节前夕，作者一家得知社区有个因父亲受伤而面临困境的家庭，便送去饼干和食品，后来自家门口也出现很多食物，感恩节食物谜团一直未解。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友给我留言：我们社区里有一个家庭在食物和账单方面需要帮助。A. notice通知；B. news新闻；C. line便条，留言条；D. requirement要求。根据后文“a family living in our community needed help”可知，朋友是给作者传达了社区里有家庭需要帮助这一消息；drop sb. a line“给某人留言；给某人写信”。故选C项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友给我发了个消息：我们社区里有一个家庭在食物和账单方面需要帮助。A. medicine药；B. resources资源；C. ambition抱负；D. food食物。根据前文“a family living in our community needed help”和后文“I entered the 8 to see about the food situation”可知，这个家庭需要帮助，而作者去查看了食物情况，说明这个家庭在“食物”方面遇到困难，需要帮助。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲出了事故，很长一段时间都被剥夺了工作的机会。A. robbed剥夺；B. distributed分发；C. envied羡慕；D. guaranteed保证。由前文“The father had been in an accident”可知，父亲因为事故不能工作，也就是被“剥夺”了工作机会。故选A项。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们和这个家庭并不相识，但还是带着一些饼干去拜访他们，希望能以某种方式提供帮助。A. call on拜访；B. pay off还清；C. take in吸收；D. bring up抚养。根据后文“with some cookies, hoping to help in some way”可知，带着饼干去是为了去“拜访”这个家庭并提供帮助。故选A项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许我们可以照顾他们的小孩。A. catch sight of看见；B. make fun of取笑；C. take care of照顾；D. take control of控制。前文提到“hoping to help in some way”，说明作者想帮忙，照顾小孩是一种帮忙的方式，所以是“照顾”小孩。故选C项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：或者，既然他们一直都在艰难挣扎，而我们几乎是靠微薄收入生存的专家，我们可以提供一些建议。A. always总是；B. never从不；C. once曾经；D. sometimes有时。从前面可知这个家庭因父亲受伤面临食物和账单困难，可推断他们“一直”都在挣扎。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，既然他们一直都在艰难挣扎，而我们几乎是靠微薄收入生存的专家，我们可以提供一些建议。A. expand扩大；B. rest休息；C. survive生存；D. comment评论。后文“on almost nothing”表示靠很少的东西，这里是说靠微薄收入“生存”。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大家聊天的时候，我走进厨房查看食物的情况。A. kitchen厨房；B. study书房；C. bathroom浴室；D. sitting room客厅。根据后文“to see about the food situation”和“The cupboards”可知，要查看食物情况自然是去“厨房”。故选A项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：橱柜几乎是空的。A. bare空的；B. sufficient充足的；C. tolerant宽容的；D. rough粗糙的。后文“A single can of soup and a box of pasta (意大利面) sat alone in the cupboard”说明橱柜里东西极少，几乎是“空的”。故选A项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊，急切地想帮忙。A. exhausted疲惫的；B. scared害怕的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. shocked震惊的。看到前文描述的橱柜几乎是空的情况，结合后文“desperately wanting to help”可推知，作者会感到“震惊”，进而急切想帮忙。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天一大早，我们给邻居提供了两袋满满的食品杂货。A. attained获得；B. offered提供；C. compared比较；D. insisted坚持。前文提到作者看到邻居家食物匮乏想帮忙，结合后文“two full bags of groceries to our neighbors.”可知，作者给邻居“提供”两袋食品杂货。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的小孩兴奋地跳了起来，因为他们从袋子里拿出食品杂货。A. panic恐慌；B. expectation期待；C. pressure压力；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文“two full bags of groceries to our neighbors”和后文“they pulled groceries out of the bags”可推知，对于缺乏食物的小孩来说，从袋子里拿出食品杂货是令人开心的事，所以会“兴奋”地跳起来。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的父母在感谢我们的时候哭了。A. issued发布；B. regulated管理；C. thanked感谢；D. persuaded说服。作者一家给邻居送去食物，邻居父母出于感激会“感谢”作者一家。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离火鸡节(感恩节)还有三天，尽管我避免称它为火鸡节，因为不会有火鸡。A. inspired鼓舞；B. avoided避免；C. persisted坚持；D. decreased减少。由于后文“since there would not be any turkey”可知，没有火鸡，所以作者“避免”称它为火鸡节。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：节日前两天的早上，我的大儿子发现四袋满满的食品杂货等在我们家门口。A. waiting等待；B. managing管理；C. holding持有；D. restoring恢复。结合前文作者一家帮助邻居，现在自家门口出现食品，就好像这些食品在“等待”作者一家发现。故选A项。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在轮到我们拿出大量的节日食品了，包括一只火鸡！A. chaos混乱；B. turn轮流；C. inquiry询问；D. target目标。前文“Their young children jumped with 12 as they pulled groceries out of the bags.”讲邻居的孩子收到食物后从袋子里面拿出食物，现在作者一家收到了食物，所以是“轮到”自己从袋子里面拿出食物了。故选B项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我们小心翼翼地问我们的邻居关于那四袋食品杂货的事，我们仍然一无所知。A. kids孩子；B. physicians内科医生；C. doctors医生；D. neighbors邻居。前文提到作者一家在门口收到不知道谁送的食物，自然是询问“邻居”。故选D项。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我们小心翼翼地问我们的邻居关于那四袋食品杂货的事，我们仍然一无所知。A. careless粗心的；B. motionless静止的；C. fearless无畏的；D. clueless一无所知的。后文“The mystery (谜) of the Thanksgiving groceries remains”说明感恩节食物来源仍是个谜，说明作者一家问了邻居后还是“一无所知”。故选D项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们送出了两袋，收到了四袋！A. negotiated协商；B. received收到；C. donated捐赠；D. unfolded展开。根据前文“my oldest son found four full paper bags of groceries 15 outside our door”，可知作者一家“收到”了四袋食品。故选B项。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感恩节食品的谜团仍然未解，但永远不会被忘记。A. unconsidered未被考虑的；B. unevaluated未被评估的；C. unqualified不合格的；D. unsolved未解答的。根据前文“The mystery (谜) of the Thanksgiving groceries remains”可知，谜团仍“未解答”。故选D项。 Passage 6 （2025·天津·模拟预测）“Dad, can I buy another pair of CONVERSE (匡威)?” I begged. I loved CONVERSE all star shoes and 1 two pairs already. They were totally in and well, let’s just say that I liked to 2 the times. They were like my most 3 possessions and I wore them with great 4 . Walking by the store and 5 the brand new designs made me want to show off and buy every single pair for sale. “Of course you can,” Dad 6 me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new one?” Dad 7 stopped me from buying anything 8 it was the most expensive thing in the entire store. He wanted me to have everything he couldn’t. I was 9 by the bright lights of the store and piles of branded shoes. I couldn’t see Dad’s 10 wallet because it was 11 under his widespread smile. It turned out that I didn’t buy the shoes after all, but I did end up thinking about my dad and how 12 he was to making his little girl happy. I would always 13 him to buy himself a pair of Adidas or Nike but he would always 14 his head. We both knew we obviously couldn’t 15 them. But he’d always put me before him. I often have 16 with my dad over trivial (琐碎的) issues. And which sixteen-year-old doesn’t? However, when I come to think of it, I realize his 17 and that he never fails to 18 it. Dad, I want you to know I’m 19 for all the times that I’ve yelled at you. And when I learn to stand up on my own, with my very 20 salary whatever it is, I’ll get the best pair of shoes for you. 1．A．wore out B．owned C．sold out D．washed 2．A．stand for B．comment on C．live up to D．keep up with 3．A．secret B．valuable C．shabby D．ordinary 4．A．anger B．regret C．pride D．respect 5．A．trying B．creating C．remembering D．appreciating 6．A．encouraged B．bothered C．blamed D．accepted 7．A．always B．never C．even D．still 8．A．because B．unless C．even if D．now that 9．A．blinded B．cheated C．shocked D．troubled 10．A．fashionable B．delicate C．charming D．trembling 11．A．hidden B．stolen C．obtained D．fetched 12．A．adaptable B．devoted C．accustomed D．opposite 13．A．ask B．forbid C．wait for D．arrange for 14．A．nod B．raise C．shake D．bury 15．A．donate B．deliver C．repair D．afford 16．A．discussion B．patience C．quarrels D．plans 17．A．love B．existence C．honor D．embarrassment 18．A．show B．ignore C．trust D．accept 19．A．grateful B．ready C．famous D．sorry 20．A．low B．first C．basic D．competitive 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．A 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在渴望购买新鞋时，感受到爸爸无私的爱与牺牲，领悟到亲情，并决心在未来回报父亲。 1．考查动词词义与短语辨析。句意：我喜欢匡威全明星鞋，已经穿坏了两双。A. wore out穿破；B. owned拥有；C. sold out售罄；D. washed清洗。根据上文““Dad, can I buy another pair of CONVERSE (匡威)?” I begged.”和“I loved CONVERSE all star shoes”可知，作者很喜欢匡威全明星鞋，想再买一双新的，可推知她常穿这款鞋，已经穿坏了两双。故选A。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们特别火，这么说吧，我想紧跟潮流。A. stand for代表；B. comment on评论；C. live up to不辜负；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文“They were totally in”可知，作者认为匡威全明星鞋特别火，可推知作者喜欢它是因为想紧跟潮流。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们就像我最宝贵的财产，每次穿上我都特别骄傲。A. secret秘密的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. shabby破旧的；D. ordinary普通的。根据上文“I loved CONVERSE all star shoes”可知，作者很喜欢匡威全明星鞋，因此是把它们视作自己最宝贵的财产。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们就像我最宝贵的财产，每次穿上我都特别骄傲。A. anger愤怒；B. regret后悔；C. pride骄傲；D. respect尊重。根据上文“I loved CONVERSE all star shoes”可知，作者很喜欢匡威全明星鞋，因此穿上它们会特别骄傲。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：走过商店，欣赏全新的设计，让我想炫耀一下，把每一双出售的鞋子都买下来。A. trying尝试；B. creating创造；C. remembering记得；D. appreciating欣赏。根据上文“Walking by the store”和下文“the brand new designs”可知，作者走过商店时会欣赏全新的设计。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你当然可以，”爸爸鼓励我说。A. encouraged鼓励；B. bothered打扰；C. blamed责备；D. accepted接受。根据上文“Of course you can”和下文““Why don’t you go in and try a new one?” Dad”可知，爸爸是鼓励作者去试试匡威鞋。故选A。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：爸爸从不阻止我买任何东西，即使它是整个商店里最贵的东西。A. always总是；B. never从不；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。根据上文““Why don’t you go in and try a new one?” Dad”可知，面对作者的请求，爸爸让她进去试试新的鞋，可推知爸爸从不阻止作者买任何东西。故选B。 8．考查连词词义与短语辨析。句意：爸爸从不阻止我买任何东西，即使它是整个商店里最贵的东西。A. because因为；B. unless除非；C. even if即使；D. now that既然。根据下文“it was the most expensive thing in the entire store”可知，此处是让步的关系，用even if“即使”引导让步状语从句，突显爸爸对作者的爱。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店里明亮的灯光和成堆的名牌鞋让我眼花缭乱。A. blinded使眼花、使目眩；B. cheated欺骗；C. shocked使震惊；D. troubled困扰。根据下文“by the bright lights of the store and piles of branded shoes”可知，商店里明亮的灯光和成堆的名牌鞋会让作者炫目，即眼花缭乱。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见爸爸颤抖的钱包，因为它藏在他灿烂的笑容下。A. fashionable时尚的；B. delicate精致的；C. charming迷人的；D. trembling颤抖的。根据下文“It turned out that I didn’t buy the shoes after all”可知，结果作者并没有买那双鞋，可推知作者家的经济比较紧张，因此trembling“颤抖的”符合语境，“颤抖的钱包”暗示爸爸的经济压力。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见爸爸颤抖的钱包，因为它藏在他灿烂的笑容下。A. hidden隐藏；B. stolen偷窃；C. obtained获得；D. fetched取来。根据下文“under his widespread smile”可知，爸爸灿烂的笑容隐藏了他钱包的状况，体现父亲隐藏困难。故选A。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果我并没有买那双鞋，但我最后确实想到了我的爸爸，以及他是如何全心全意地让他的小女孩快乐。A. adaptable适应的；B. devoted全心全意的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. opposite相反的。根据上文““Of course you can,” Dad ____6____ me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new one?””可知，面对作者的请求，爸爸一口答应，让她进去试试新的鞋，因此爸爸是全心全意地让他的小女孩快乐。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是请求他给自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克，但他总是摇头。A. ask请求；B. forbid禁止；C. wait for等待；D. arrange for安排。根据作者还是小女孩的身份，以及下文“him to buy himself a pair of Adidas or Nike”可知，作者是请求爸爸给他自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是请求他给自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克，但他总是摇头。A. nod点头；B. raise举起；C. shake摇晃；D. bury埋葬。根据上文“It turned out that I didn’t buy the shoes after all”可知，结果作者并没有买那双鞋，可推知作者家的经济比较紧张，爸爸是摇头拒绝为自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道我们显然负担不起。A. donate捐赠；B. deliver递送；C. repair修理；D. afford负担。根据上文“to buy himself a pair of Adidas or Nike”可知，与买一双阿迪达斯或耐克呼应的是负担不起鞋的费用。故选D。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常因为一些小事和爸爸吵架。A. discussion讨论；B. patience耐心；C. quarrels争吵；D. plans计划。根据下文“I’ve yelled at you”可知，作者会对爸爸大吼大叫，因此是指因为一些小事和爸爸吵架。故选C。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我想到这一点时，我意识到他的爱，以及他从不吝惜展现它。A. love爱；B. existence存在；C. honor荣誉；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“But he’d always put me before him.”可知，爸爸总是把作者放在第一位，因此是意识到他的爱。故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我想到这一点时，我意识到他的爱，以及他从不吝惜展现它。A. show展示；B. ignore忽视；C. trust信任；D. accept接受。根据上文““Of course you can,” Dad ____6____ me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new one?””可知，面对作者的请求，爸爸一口答应，让她进去试试新的鞋，尽力让她快乐，因此是从不吝惜展现他的爱。故选A。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我想让你知道我很抱歉一直对你大吼大叫。A. grateful感激的；B. ready准备好的；C. famous著名的；D. sorry抱歉的。根据下文“for all the times that I’ve yelled at you”可知，作者是为自己对爸爸大吼大叫感到抱歉。故选D。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：等我学会自立，拿着我的第一份薪水，不管多少，我都会给你买一双最好的鞋。A. low低的；B. first第一的；C. basic基础的；D. competitive竞争的。根据上文“when I learn to stand up on my own”可知，等作者学会自立，她可以工作挣钱，拿自己的第一份薪水为父亲买鞋。故选B。 Passage 7 （2025·天津·二模）When I first met Mark in my office, his future seemed uncertain. He was seventeen and had been 1 with school for years, refusing to attend after the second day of eleventh grade. His mental doctor had 2 him with psychiatric (精神病的) problems and he was on medication. His mother was 3 , calling me to help him prepare for the SAT to get ready for college after high school, 4 he hadn’t been attending school. I agreed. I started by reading a passage to him but to my 5 , he repeated it word by word after hearing it once. He also answered related questions with 90% accuracy. It became clear that Mark could 6 and recall information, but only when it was read aloud to him. This wasn’t a psychiatric issue — it was a reading 7 . I shared my observations with Mark, 8 that he wasn’t mentally ill but had a small challenge where he couldn’t form a mental image of written words. I reassured him that we could fix it together, and that he was, in fact, 9 intelligent with an IQ of 180. I asked him to keep this between us for now, as I didn’t think the 10 or his mother would believe me. We developed a strategy: Mark would read everything 11 , creating mental images for the words, which would help him remember them. He also started 12 vocabulary from the SAT list, which 13 his reading comprehension. His progress was remarkable. Within weeks, Mark was back on track. His confidence grew and he regained 14 . But there were still 15 . Despite his newfound success, his teacher 16 to promote him to senior year because he had missed too many days. Mark, 17 , solved this problem all on his own. Without informing anyone, he arranged a meeting with the school officials himself. He negotiated summer school classes, with the promise that he could continue his senior year 18 he passed with a grade over 75. He not only passed but earned an A in every subject. By the end of the year, Mark was 19 his future. He even convinced his psychiatrist to take him off medication. His transformation from a frustrated, defeated student to a confident, self-assured young man was virtually 20 . His belief in his own abilities had changed everything. 1．A．fighting B．working C．studying D．struggling 2．A．diagnosed B．shared C．forced D．taught 3．A．anxious B．relieved C．satisfied D．curious 4．A．so that B．even though C．as if D．in case 5．A．regret B．delight C．surprise D．sorrow 6．A．ignore B．understand C．spread D．release 7．A．cure B．plot C．experience D．problem 8．A．singing B．forcing C．explaining D．scaring 9．A．slightly B．highly C．hardly D．usually 10．A．teacher B．classmates C．psychiatrist D．nurse 11．A．happily B．secretly C．sadly D．loudly 12．A．publishing B．learning C．creating D．posting 13．A．improved B．received C．blocked D．delayed 14．A．sympathy B．hope C．salary D．analysis 15．A．apologies B．donations C．challenges D．guesses 16．A．refused B．asked C．decided D．promised 17．A．somehow B．anyway C．otherwise D．however 18．A．if B．unless C．before D．since 19．A．in search of B．in view of C．in control of D．in need of 20．A．relaxing B．annoying C．disturbing D．uplifting 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．A 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与Mark的相遇、发现Mark的阅读问题、帮助Mark克服困难并最终取得成功的过程，展现了Mark从一个迷茫、沮丧的学生成长为一个自信、有成就感的年轻人的转变。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时他17岁，已经在学业上挣扎了多年，十一年级第二天之后就拒绝上学。A. fighting战斗；B. working工作；C. studying学习；D. struggling挣扎、奋斗。根据下文“refusing to attend after the second day of eleventh grade.”可知，Mark多年来在学业上挣扎。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心理医生诊断他有精神疾病，并且他正在接受药物治疗。A. diagnosed诊断；B. shared分享；C. forced强迫；D. taught教。根据主语“His mental doctor”以及空后“with psychiatric (精神病的) problems”可知，精神科医生诊断他有精神问题。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲非常焦虑，打电话让我帮他准备SAT考试，为高中毕业后上大学做准备，尽管他一直没去上学。A. anxious焦虑的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. satisfied满意的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文可知，Mark拒绝上学且被诊断有精神问题，母亲应是焦虑的，才会打电话求助准备 SAT 考试。故选A。 4．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲非常焦虑，打电话让我帮他准备SAT考试，为高中毕业后上大学做准备，尽管他一直没去上学。A. so that为了；B. even though即使；C. as if仿佛、好像；D. in case以防。根据“he hadn’t been attending school”推知，即使很长时间没有上学，妈妈还是希望儿子准备考试。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一开始先给他读了一段文章，但令我惊讶的是，他听了一遍后竟能逐字复述。A. regret后悔；B. delight高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文内容可知，Mark多年在学业上挣扎；再根据空后“he repeated it word by word after hearing it once”可知，Mark听一遍就能逐字复述，这让作者感到惊讶。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，Mark能够理解和回忆信息，但前提是有人大声读给他听。A. ignore忽视；B. understand理解；C. spread传播；D. release释放。根据下文“recall information”可知，Mark能理解并记住信息，只是需要大声读出来。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是精神问题，而是一个阅读障碍。A. cure治愈；B. plot情节；C. experience经历、体验；D. problem问题。根据上文“This wasn’t a psychiatric issue”可推测，空对应上文的“issues”，指的是作者发现这不是精神问题，而是阅读问题。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把我的观察结果告诉了Mark，向他解释说他没有精神疾病，只是有一个小挑战：他无法在脑海中形成文字的图像。A. singing唱歌；B. forcing强迫；C. explaining解释；D. scaring吓唬。根据空后“he wasn’t mentally ill but had a small challenge where he couldn’t form a mental image of written words”可知，作者是向作者解释他并非精神疾病而是阅读障碍。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我向他保证我们可以一起解决这个问题，而且事实上，他非常聪明，智商高达 180。A. slightly轻微地；B. highly高度地；C. hardly几乎不；D. usually通常。根据空后“with an IQ of 180”可知，Mark非常聪明，智商高达180。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让他暂时保密，因为我觉得心理医生或他的母亲不会相信我。A. teacher老师；B. classmates同学；C. psychiatrist精神科医生；D. nurse护士。根据上文“His mental doctor had  ____2____  him with psychiatric (精神病的) problems and he was on medication.”可知，Mark的心理医生诊断他患有心理疾病。而作者则认为Mark只是阅读障碍。由此可知，作者让Mark暂时保密，是因为作者担心Mark的心理医生不相信自己的判断。故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们制定了一个策略：Mark要大声朗读所有内容，为文字创造心理图像，这有助于他记住它们。A. happily高兴地；B. secretly秘密地；C. sadly悲伤地；D. loudly大声地。根据上文“Mark could  ____6____  and recall information, but only when it was read aloud to him.”可知，Mark能够理解和回忆信息的前提是有人大声读给他听。由此可推测，作者的策略是让Mark大声阅读，形成心理图像。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还开始学习SAT词汇表中的词汇，这提高了他的阅读理解能力。A. publishing出版；B. learning学习；C. creating创造；D. posting张贴、发布。根据空后“vocabulary from the SAT list”可知，Mark开始学习SAT词汇，这符合备考逻辑。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还开始学习SAT词汇表中的词汇，这提高了他的阅读理解能力。A. improved提高、改进；B. received收到；C. blocked阻塞；D. delayed延迟。根据上文“He also started  ____12____  vocabulary from the SAT list”以及常理可知，学习词汇提高了他的阅读理解能力。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的信心增强了，重新找回了希望。A. sympathy同情；B. hope希望；C. salary薪水；D. analysis分析。根据上文“His confidence grew”以及常理可知，信心增长后，Mark 重新找回希望。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但挑战依然存在。A. apologies道歉；B. donations捐赠；C. challenges挑战；D. guesses猜测。根据下文“Despite his newfound success, his teacher  ____16____  to promote him to senior year because he had missed too many days.”可知，尽管有进步，但是准备SAT考试还存在挑战。故选C。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他取得了新的成功，老师却因为他缺课太多而拒绝让他升入高三。A. refused拒绝；B. asked请求；C. decided决定；D. promised承诺。根据下文“because he had missed too many days”可知，因缺课太多，老师拒绝让他升上高三。故选A。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Mark自己独自解决了这个问题。A. somehow不知何故；B. anyway无论如何；C. otherwise否则；D. however然而。根据上文可知，上文提到了Mark面临挑战；而本句“Mark solved this problem all on his own.”则指出Mark独自解决了问题，与上文形成转折。故选D。 18．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：他协商参加暑期学校课程，得到的承诺是如果成绩超过75分，就可以继续读高三。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. before在……之前；D. since自从。根据“he passed with a grade over 75.”可知，超过75分是进入高三的条件，故应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 19．考查短语词义辨析。句意：到年底时，Mark已经掌控了自己的未来。A. in search of寻找；B. in view of鉴于；C. in control of控制；D. in need of需要。根据文章第一段“When I first met Mark in my office, his future seemed uncertain.”可知，最初的Mark对自己的未来一点都不确信。而现在，他不仅进步巨大，而且能独自解决问题。因此，Mark已经掌握了自己的未来。故选C。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他从一个沮丧、挫败的学生转变为一个自信、坚定的年轻人，这几乎令人振奋。A. relaxing放松的；B. annoying恼人的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. uplifting令人振奋的。根据主语“His transformation from a frustrated, defeated student to a confident, self-assured young man”以及常理可知，看到一个人从挫败到自信的转变是令人振奋的。故选D。 Passage 8 （2025·天津·三模）As I looked through my old photos, a treasured memory resurfaced, showing a moment frozeri-in time when my child was just two years old. We were 1 together with my husband, a ship’s chief engineer guiding us through the vast ocean. Suddenly, a typhoon 2 , turning the calm sea into powerful chaos. The waves 3 against our cabin (船舱) windows with a deafening force, and small fishes were 4 onto the glass. Inside the ship, I held tightly onto the bed, 5 to move even an inch while my two-year-old found 6 in the chaos, treating it like a fun ride. 7 , my husband was busy preparing for the storm. He informed me that he would be 8 in the engine room for the duration of the storm, ensuring the ship’s safety until it 9 . During the storm, I couldn’t help but 10 the incredible teamwork among the crew. The crew’s 11 was clear: to maintain the engine running and keep the ship 12 . Everyone worked tirelessly, doing their part and serving as 13 for each other. There was a strong sense of unity on the ship. The crew’s dedication (奉献) to each other’s safety and the ship’s survival was 14 . After 60 hours of 15 the typhoon, the sea calmed, but a 16 of the storm’s power lay spread across the deck (甲板) in the form of dead fish. For me, it felt like emerging from chaos into 17 , a moment to breathe again. But for the crew, it was business as usual. Without seeking recognition, they 18 returned to their routine tasks, always focused on the ship’s 19 and each other’s well-being. It was a real 20 of teamwork, showing how unity can carry you through even the severest storms. 1．A．fishing B．swimming C．boating D．sailing 2．A．continued B．mattered C．hit D．quit 3．A．warned B．raced C．crashed D．protected 4．A．painted B．thrown C．displayed D．measured 5．A．afraid B．proud C．sure D．ready 6．A．difficulty B．relief C．evidence D．excitement 7．A．Otherwise B．Instead C．Meanwhile D．Therefore 8．A．introduced B．stationed C．preserved D．promoted 9．A．passed B．rose C．moved D．sank 10．A．require B．doubt C．notice D．improve 11．A．objective B．restriction C．advantage D．consequence 12．A．in need B．in secret C．on view D．on course 13．A．bystanders B．backups C．inspectors D．checkups 14．A．terrifying B．inspiring C．confusing D．amusing 15．A．assessing B．recording C．discussing D．battling 16．A．test B．search C．monitor D．reminder 17．A．shock B．peace C．success D．trouble 18．A．smoothly B．randomly C．initially D．probably 19．A．structure B．material C．safety D．capacity 20．A．scene B．symbol C．match D．level 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．D 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在一次航海中遭遇台风的经历，以及船员们在台风中的团队合作和奉献精神，向读者展示了一个紧张而又感人的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，我们正和担任船舶总工程师的丈夫一起航行，他引领我们穿越浩瀚的海洋。A. fishing钓鱼；B. swimming游泳；C. boating划船；D. sailing航海、帆船运动。根据下文“a ship’s chief engineer guiding us through the vast ocean.”可知，作者一家人在海上乘船航行。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一场台风袭来，平静的海面瞬间变得汹涌澎湃。A. continued继续；B. mattered有关系、重要；C. hit击中、袭击；D. quit停止、退出。根据下文“turning the calm sea into powerful chaos”可知，台风突然来袭。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：海浪以震耳欲聋的力量撞击着船舱的窗户，小鱼被甩到玻璃上。A. warned警告；B. raced比赛；C. crashed碰撞、坠毁；D. protected保护。根据上文“Suddenly, a typhoon  ___2___  , turning the calm sea into powerful chaos.”可知，台风来袭。根据常理可知，此时的海浪撞击着船舱窗户。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：海浪以震耳欲聋的力量撞击着船舱的窗户，小鱼被甩到玻璃上。A. painted绘画；B. thrown扔；C. displayed展示；D. measured测量。根据上文“The waves  ___3___  against our cabin(船舱)windows with a deafening force”可知，台风来袭，海浪撞击船舱窗户。由此可知，小鱼被海浪甩到了玻璃上。故选B。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在船舱内，我紧紧抓着床，吓得一动也不敢动，而我两岁的孩子却在混乱中找到了兴奋感，把这当成了一次有趣的乘坐体验。A. afraid害怕的；B. proud自豪的；C. sure确定的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“Inside the ship, I held tightly onto the bed”以及常理可知，此时的作者非常害怕，一动不敢动。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在船舱内，我紧紧抓着床，吓得一动也不敢动，而我两岁的孩子却在混乱中找到了兴奋感，把这当成了一次有趣的乘坐体验。A. difficulty困难；B. relief宽慰；C. evidence证据；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文可知，而作者非常害怕；再根据“while”可知，两岁的孩子和作者反应不一样。再根据下文“treating it like a fun ride”可推测，孩子反而从混乱中找到了兴奋感。故选D。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我的丈夫正忙着为应对风暴做准备。A. Otherwise否则；B. Instead相反；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. Therefore因此。根据下文“my husband was busy preparing for the storm”可知，此时描述了作者和孩子在船舱内与丈夫在准备应对风暴同时发生的场景。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，在风暴持续期间，他会驻守在机舱里，确保船舶安全，直到风暴过去。A. introduced介绍、引进；B. stationed驻扎、安置；C. preserved保存、保护；D. promoted提升、促进。根据下文“ensuring the ship’s safety”可知，作者的丈夫驻守机房确保安全。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，在风暴持续期间，他会驻守在机舱里，确保船舶安全，直到风暴过去。A. passed通过；B. rose上升；C. moved移动、搬家；D. sank沉没。根据上文“We were  ___1___  together with my husband, a ship’s chief engineer guiding us through the vast ocean.”可知，作者的丈夫是船舶总工程师；再根据常理可知，作者的丈夫在风暴来临时驻守在机舱里直到风暴过去。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：风暴期间，我不禁注意到船员们之间令人难以置信的团队合作。A. require要求；B. doubt怀疑；C. notice注意；D. improve提高、改进。根据空后“the incredible teamwork among the crew”可知，作者注意到了船员间的团队合作。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：船员们的目标很明确：维持引擎运转，让船舶保持正确航向。A. objective目标；B. restriction限制；C. advantage优势；D. consequence结果、后果。根据空后“to maintain the engine running and keep the ship  ___12___  ”可知，船员的目标是维持引擎运转。故选A。 12．考查短语词义辨析。句意：船员们的目标很明确：维持引擎运转，让船舶保持正确航向。A. in need需要帮助的；B. in secret秘密地；C. on view可见、展览中；D. on course在航线上。根据常理可知，船员的目标就是保持船只航向正确。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都不知疲倦地工作，各司其职，互为后援。A. bystanders旁观者；B. backups备份、后备人员；C. inspectors检查员；D. checkups检查。根据下文“The crew’s dedication(奉献)to each other’s safety and the ship’s survival was  ___14___  .”可知，船员为彼此的安全负责，也就是互为后援。故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：船上洋溢着强烈的团结感。船员们对彼此安全和船舶生存的奉献精神令人鼓舞。A. terrifying可怕的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. amusing有趣的。根据主语“The crew’s dedication(奉献)to each other’s safety and the ship’s survival”以及这一切给作者的震撼可知，船员的奉献精神令人鼓舞。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在与台风搏斗了60个小时后，海面终于平静下来，但甲板上散落的死鱼却提醒着人们风暴的威力。A. assessing评估；B. recording记录；C. discussing讨论；D. battling战斗。根据上文内容和下文的“ the sea calmed”可知，全体船员都为了船舶安全而与台风搏斗。故选D。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与台风搏斗了60个小时后，海面终于平静下来，但甲板上散落的死鱼却提醒着人们风暴的威力。A. test测试；B. search搜索；C. monitor监视；D. reminder提醒物、提示。根据下文“in the form of dead fish”可知，虽然风暴过去了，但是甲板上的死鱼却提醒着人们风暴的威力。故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这感觉就像从混乱中走向平静，终于能重新呼吸。 A. shock震惊；B. peace和平；C. success成功；D. trouble麻烦、困难。根据下文“a moment to breathe again.”以及常理可知，风暴过去了，作者感觉从混乱中走向平静，又能够呼吸了。故选B。 18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们不求认可，平静地回到日常工作中，始终专注于船舶的安全和彼此的安危。A. smoothly平静地；B. randomly随机地；C. initially最初；D. probably可能地。根据上文“But for the crew, it was business as usual.”可知，对于船员而言，这一切都很平常，不寻求认可，只是平静地回到日常工作。故选A。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不求认可，平静地回到日常工作中，始终专注于船舶的安全和彼此的安危。A. structure结构；B. material材料；C. safety安全；D. capacity容量、能力。根据上文“The crew’s dedication(奉献)to each other’s safety and the ship’s survival was  ___14___  .”可知，船员始终专注于彼此的安危。故选C。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是团队合作的真实象征，彰显了团结如何能带你度过最严峻的风暴。A. scene场景；B. symbol象征；C. match比赛；D. level水平、级别。根据下文“showing how unity can carry you through even the severest storms”可知，整个经历是团队合作的象征。故选B。 Passage 9 （2025·天津·二模）Kyle Cassidy and three other members of the Annenberg Running Group were stretching (伸展) on the grounds of the University of Pennsylvania, 1 a few runners who were left behind. The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute jog and a 2 . That's right — during some runs, one of them delivers a talk: topics 3 from the brain to Bitcoin (比特币). But one day last January, it would not be their 4 run. The first evidence that something was off was the man who 5 them very quickly. Cassidy 6 why the man was so fast when another man ran by, yelling, "Help! He 7 my phone and laptop!" At that, the group did what running clubs do: They ran, 8 the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia until he 9 into a construction site. The runners 10 . Cassidy ran 11 to the far side of the site to cut the thief off 12 the others wandered the neighborhood 13 he had thrown the phone and laptop in a backyard. No luck. So they decided to ask people in the 14 whether they'd seen the guy. When they knocked on the door of one row house, they were in for a 15 . They didn't know the suspect was 16 behind a bush by that very house. As the owner opened the door, the 17 rushed out from behind the bush ... and right into the 18 of the police, who had joined the run shortly behind the runners. The members of this running group are not hard-core sportsmen. But they do understand the benefit of a little exercise. "Running is 19 a useless sport where you just turn fat cells into heat," Cassidy told the Philadelphia Inquirer. "But sometimes it can be useful, and here was one of those 20 ." 1．A．looking after B．waiting for C．thinking about D．picking up 2．A．lecture B．game C．enquiry D．experiment 3．A．increase B．range C．move D．develop 4．A．social B．accidental C．actual D．normal 5．A．ran off B．ran into C．ran past D．ran down 6．A．asked B．explained C．discovered D．wondered 7．A．took B．used C．broke D．sold 8．A．cornering B．leading C．following D．driving 9．A．stepped B．slid C．marched D．disappeared 10．A．got up B．split up C．showed up D．caught up 11．A．around B．back C．out D．away 12．A．while B．because C．unless D．though 13．A．realizing B．remembering C．suggesting D．hoping 14．A．group B．university C．neighborhood D．station 15．A．relief B．surprise C．success D．break 16．A．working B．running C．wandering D．hiding 17．A．suspect B．police C．colleague D．member 18．A．traps B．camps C．cars D．arms 19．A．occasionally B．typically C．subsequently D．rarely 20．A．choices B．conclusions C．chances D．decisions 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等众人合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获的故事。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯尔·卡西迪和安南伯格跑步小组的另外三名成员正在宾夕法尼亚大学的校园里做伸展运动，他们正在等待几位落在后面的跑步者。A. looking after照顾；B. waiting for等待；C. thinking about思考；D. picking up捡起。根据后文“a few runners who were left behind”可知，当时在等待落在后面的跑步者。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：宾夕法尼亚大学的同事们以及其他社区成员每周会相聚三天，进行大约 30 分钟的慢跑，并聆听一次讲座。A. lecture演讲；B. game游戏；C. enquiry询问；D. experiment实验。根据后文“a talk: topics”可知，指聆听讲座。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没错——在某些演讲活动中，其中一位会进行一场演讲：演讲主题涵盖从大脑到比特币等各个方面。A. increase增加；B. range变化；C. move移动；D. develop发展。根据后文“from the brain to Bitcoin”指演讲的主题会变化，故选B。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在去年1月的某一天，情况却并非如往常那般跑步。A. social社会的；B. accidental意外的；C. actual实际的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“The Penn colleagues and other community members meet three days a week for a roughly 30-minute”以及后文追捕罪犯，可知此处指情况却并非如往常那样。故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最初出现异常迹象的是那个快速从他们身边跑过的男子。A. ran off逃走；B. ran into遇见；C. ran past跑过；D. ran down追捕。根据后文“why the man was so fast when another man ran by”可知，男子跑过他们身边。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡西迪感到很疑惑，为什么这个男人跑得如此之快？这时又有一个男人跑了过来，大喊道：“帮帮忙！他抢走了我的手机和笔记本电脑！”A. asked询问；B. explained解释；C. discovered发现；D. wondered想知道。根据后文“why the man was so fast when another man ran by”可知，起初感到疑惑，想知道为什么跑那么快。故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. took拿走；B. used使用；C. broke打破；D. sold出售。根据后文“my phone and laptop!”可知，窃贼拿走了手机和笔记本电脑。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们紧追着嫌疑人，在费城的街道上一路追赶，直到他消失在一处建筑工地内。A. cornering使陷入困境；B. leading领导；C. following跟随；D. driving驾驶。根据后文“the suspect down the streets of Philadelphia”可知，他们紧追着嫌疑人，在费城的街道上一路追赶，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stepped踏步；B. slid滑动；C. marched前进；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“They didn’t know the suspect was…behind a bush by that very house.”可知，嫌疑人消失在了一处建筑工地内。故选D。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：跑步者们分开了。A. got up起床；B. split up分开；C. showed up出现；D. caught up赶上。根据后文“Cassidy…to the far side of the site to cut the thief off while the others wandered the neighborhood”可知，跑步者分头行动。故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡西迪绕过去跑到现场的另一侧，试图拦住那个小偷，而其他人则在附近四处搜寻，希望能发现他把手机和笔记本电脑扔在某个后院里了。A. around围绕；B. back回来；C. out外出；D. away远离。根据后文“to the far side of the site to cut the thief off”可知，为了拦住小偷，绕过去跑到另一侧。故选A。 12．考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. while而，虽然；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. though虽然。后文“the others wandered the neighborhood”主要是与上文进行对比，while表示对比关系，符合语境。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. realizing意识到；B. remembering记得；C. suggesting建议；D. hoping希望。根据后文“he had thrown the phone and laptop in a backyard”可知，在附近搜寻是希望能发现他把手机和笔记本电脑扔在某个后院里了。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是他们决定询问附近居民是否见过这个人。A. group团队；B. university大学；C. neighborhood街坊；D. station车站。呼应上文“the others wandered the neighborhood”指询问附近居民。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们敲响了一栋排屋的门时，他们却意外地发现里面有人。A. relief安慰；B. surprise惊喜；C. success成功；D. break休息。根据后文可知，嫌疑犯当时藏在一丛灌木后面，所以是指意外发现里面有人。故选B。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们当时并不知道嫌疑犯就藏在那所房子旁边的一丛灌木后面。A. working工作；B. running奔跑；C. wandering漫步；D. hiding隐藏。根据后文“behind a bush by that very house”指嫌疑犯躲藏在灌木后面。故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当主人打开门时，嫌疑人从灌木丛后冲了出来……然后直接撞进警察们的怀里了，因为警察们刚刚在跑者身后就迅速跟了上来。A. suspect嫌疑人；B. police警察；C. colleague同事；D. member成员。呼应上文“the suspect was”指嫌疑人从灌木丛后冲了出来。故选A。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. traps陷阱；B. camps营地；C. cars汽车；D. arms胳膊。根据后文“of the police, who had joined the run shortly behind the runners”可知，警察也追了上来，而嫌疑人刚好撞进了警察的怀里，故选D。 19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡西迪对《费城问询报》表示：“跑步通常算不上是一项有效的运动，它只是将脂肪细胞转化为热量而已。”A. occasionally偶尔；B. typically通常；C. subsequently后来；D. rarely很少。根据后文“sometimes it can be useful”可知，跑步通常算不上是一项有效的运动，但有时有用。故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但有时它确实是有用的，而眼下就是这样一个有用的机会。”A. choices选择；B. conclusions结论；C. chances机会；D. decisions决定。根据上文“sometimes it can be useful, and here was one of those”可知，这次事件是一个跑步发挥作用的机会。故选C。 Passage 10 （2025·天津宝坻·二模）Jessica Parker discovered her enthusiasm for gardening and transformed her backyard into a peaceful retreat, which provided her with a safe space to process emotions and release negative feelings. 1 its positive impact, she decided to 2 the pleasure of gardening, hoping to make it known to others that nurturing plants will bring a sense of 3 and fulfillment. She began by organizing free 4 in her community, teaching people how to grow herbs and flowers even in small spaces. Many participants initially joined out of 5 , but soon found their stress 6 as their hands touched the soil. One teenager, Emma, confessed that gardening helped her 7 social anxiety, while an elderly man, Mr. Thompson, said it 8 his loneliness after retirement. Jessica’s project faced challenges too. A sudden 9 destroyed half her garden, and she struggled to 10 enough tools for everyone. Yet, her 11 never wavered. She launched a social media campaign titled “Grow Your Joy,” where followers shared photos of their plants alongside 12 about mental health. The topic went viral, 13 thousands to explore gardening. Local schools soon 14 her program into their curriculum. Students who once dreaded outdoor activities now 15 watering cans and seed packets eagerly. “Seeing kids smile while they grow something is the best 16 .” Jessica said. Her efforts even caught the attention of a botanist, Dr. Lee, who offered 17 advice on sustainable gardening. Together, they published a guidebook emphasizing how nature fosters emotional 18 . Jessica’s story proves that small actions can bloom into powerful movements. As she often says: “Every seed planted is a step toward healing — both for the earth and for our 19 .” Today, her initiative has grown into a national network, reminding us that the simplest habits can cultivate the deepest 20 . 1．A．Ignoring B．Recognizing C．Denying D．Forgetting 2．A．promote B．criticize C．abandon D．conceal 3．A．isolation B．confusion C．calm D．anger 4．A．competitions B．concerts C．protests D．workshops 5．A．boredom B．jealousy C．anger D．curiosity 6．A．increased B．faded C．froze D．exploded 7．A．manage B．worsen C．ignore D．create 8．A．measured B．deepened C．eased D．rewarded 9．A．celebration B．invention C．frost D．meeting 10．A．secure B．lose C．break D．hide 11．A．doubts B．determination C．laziness D．arrogance 12．A．jokes B．advertisements C．threats D．stories 13．A．inspiring B．forbidding C．blaming D．delaying 14．A．banned B．copied C．simplified D．integrated 15．A．feared B．grasped C．threw D．sold 16．A．punishment B．accident C．reward D．secret 17．A．negative B．fictional C．expert D．vague 18．A．distraction B．greed C．conflict D．adaption 19．A．wallets B．hearts C．phones D．computers 20．A．connections B．regrets C．competitions D．excuses 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Jessica 发现园艺能带来平静，于是在社区组织免费工作坊，虽遇挑战仍坚持，通过社交媒体推广，如今其倡议已成为全国性网络，证明小行动可成大运动。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到其带来的积极影响后，她决定推广园艺的乐趣，希望能让更多人了解到养护植物能带来宁静与满足感。A. Ignoring忽视；B. Recognizing认可，意识到；C. Denying否认；D. Forgetting忘记。根据后文“its positive impact”可知，决定这么做是因为意识到了其积极影响。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到其带来的积极影响后，她决定推广园艺的乐趣，希望能让更多人了解到养护植物能带来宁静与满足感。A. promote促进，推广；B. criticize批评；C. abandon抛弃；D. conceal隐匿。根据后文“the pleasure of gardening, hoping to make it known to others”可知，她决定推广园艺的乐趣，希望能让更多人了解园艺，故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到其带来的积极影响后，她决定推广园艺的乐趣，希望能让更多人了解到养护植物能带来宁静与满足感。A. isolation隔离；B. confusion困惑；C. calm平静；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“transformed her backyard into a peaceful retreat”可知，养护植物可以带来宁静与满足感。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她首先在自己的社区里组织了免费的讲习班，向人们传授如何在狭小的空间里种植香草和花卉的知识。A. competitions比赛；B. concerts音乐会；C. protests抗议；D. workshops讲习班。根据后文“teaching people how to grow herbs and flowers even in small spaces”可知，教人们如何在狭小的空间里种植香草和花卉的知识的是讲习班。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多参与者最初是出于好奇才参与进来，但很快他们就发现，当他们的手触碰到泥土时，压力便逐渐消散了。A. boredom厌烦；B. jealousy嫉妒；C. anger愤怒；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“Many participants initially joined out of”指出于好奇才参与，短语为out of curiosity。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多参与者最初是出于好奇才参与进来，但很快他们就发现，当他们的手触碰到泥土时，压力便逐渐消散了。A. increased增加；B. faded消散，褪色；C. froze冻结；D. exploded爆炸。根据上文“release negative feelings”可知，可以释放消极感受，即压力消散了，故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫艾玛的青少年表示，园艺帮助她应付社交焦虑问题；而一位名叫汤普森的老人则说，退休后园艺让他不再感到孤独。A. manage应付（困难局面等）；B. worsen恶化；C. ignore忽视；D. create创造。根据上文“One teenager, Emma, confessed that gardening helped her”以及本句主要说明的是园艺所带来的好处，即园艺帮助艾玛应付社交焦虑问题。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫艾玛的青少年表示，园艺帮助她应付社交焦虑问题；而一位名叫汤普森的老人则说，退休后园艺让他不再感到孤独。A. measured测量；B. deepened加深；C. eased减轻，放松；D. rewarded奖励。根据后文“his loneliness after retirement”以及上文提到园艺让压力消散，所以是指园艺缓解了孤独。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场突如其来的霜冻毁坏了她一半的花园，而她又费力地去购置了足够多的工具以供大家使用。A. celebration庆祝；B. invention发明；C. frost霜；D. meeting会议。根据上文“Jessica’s project faced challenges too.(杰西卡的项目也遇到了一些难题)”可知，项目遇到难题，即花园遭受打击，结合选项，最有可能是遭遇了霜冻，故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场突如其来的霜冻毁坏了她一半的花园，而她又努力地去购置了足够多的工具以供大家使用。A. secure获得；B. lose失去；C. break打破；D. hide隐藏。根据后文“enough tools for everyone”指获得足够的工具给大家使用。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的决心从未动摇过。A. doubts怀疑；B. determination决心；C. laziness懒惰；D. arrogance傲慢。与后文“never wavered(从未动摇)”搭配的是determination，呼应后文发起了社交媒体活动。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她发起了一场名为“让快乐生长”的社交媒体活动，参与者们纷纷上传自家植物的照片，并附上有关心理健康的故事。A. jokes玩笑；B. advertisements广告；C. threats威胁；D. stories故事。根据上文“where followers shared photos of their plants alongside”可知，上传照片，同时附上心理健康故事。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个话题迅速走红，激发了成千上万的人去尝试园艺活动。A. inspiring鼓舞；B. forbidding禁止；C. blaming责备；D. delaying推迟。根据后文“thousands to explore gardening”指话题鼓舞了人们去尝试园艺活动。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的学校很快就把她的项目纳入了他们的教学计划当中。A. banned禁止；B. copied复制；C. simplified简化；D. integrated纳入，合并。根据后文“her program into their curriculum”以及“Students who once dreaded outdoor activities now…watering cans and seed packets eagerly.”指项目被纳入教学计划当中。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些曾经害怕参加户外活动的学生们现在却兴高采烈地拿起水壶和种子包，积极参与其中了。A. feared恐惧；B. grasped拿起，抓住；C. threw扔；D. sold出售。根据后文“watering cans and seed packets eagerly”指学生拿起水壶和种子包参与园艺活动。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“看到孩子们在种植过程中露出的笑容，就是最大的回报了。”杰西卡说道。A. punishment惩罚；B. accident事故；C. reward回报，奖励；D. secret秘密。根据上文“Seeing kids smile while they grow something”可知，看到孩子们从事园艺很开心，就是给杰西卡的回报。故选C。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的努力甚至引起了植物学家李博士的注意，他为可持续园艺提供了专业建议。A. negative消极的；B. fictional虚构的；C. expert专业的；D. vague模糊的。根据上文“a botanist, Dr. Lee”可知，李博士是植物学家，为可持续园艺提供了专业建议。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一起编写了一本指南书，强调了大自然如何促进情绪适应。A. distraction分心；B. greed贪婪；C. conflict冲突；D. adaption适应，改编本。呼应上文“Jessica Parker discovered her enthusiasm for gardening and transformed her backyard into a peaceful retreat, which provided her with a safe space to process emotions and release negative feelings.(杰西卡·帕克发现了自己对园艺的热爱，并将自家后院改造成了一个宁静的休憩之所，这为她提供了一个安全的空间来处理情绪和释放负面情绪)”指指南书强调了大自然如何促进情绪适应。故选D。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如她常说的那样：“每一粒播下的种子都是向着治愈迈出的一步——对大地而言是如此，对我们的内心亦是如此。”A. wallets钱包；B. hearts心灵；C. phones电话；D. computers电脑。根据上文“emphasizing how nature fosters emotional”可知，园艺可以治愈大地和心灵。故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，她的这一理念已发展成为一个全国性的网络，这让我们明白，最简单的习惯也能培养出最深厚的联系。A. connections连接；B. regrets后悔；C. competitions比赛；D. excuses借口。根据上文“her initiative has grown into a national network”可知，发展成了网络说明建立了深厚的联系。故选A。 Passage 1 （2024·天津·高考真题）I had struggled with math since fourth grade, but worked very hard to 1 the smart students around me. In eleventh grade, much to my classmates 2 , I signed up for precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena and told him I had 3 in math, yet I would try my hardest. He was convinced I could succeed 4 the doubts from my classmates. Mr. Dena kept an unforgettable 5 by Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.” He reflected on that throughout the year and was 6 to teach us more than math. Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests, believing that we could solve hard problems together. He drew names out of a hat to 7 partners. Students were 8 out loud that they wouldn't be paired with me. As the “lucky” name was 9 , the class burst into laughter. My partner joked about being 10 with me. However, we worked well together and surprised everyone with our 11 on this test. I learned so much from my classmates and I realized this was really 12 we had partner tests. The final exam was Mr. Dena's final 13 to us, but I failed it. I told him I didn't understand how I could do so 14 on a test when I had studied so hard. He explained it's not about the grades; it's about true understanding. If studying didn't 15 on a test, it would someday. I knew then that 16 passing or failing tests, studying was about hard work and effort. And I 17 myself harder than I ever had. To be challenged in math really changed the way I 18 other challenges in life. I wasn't going to let a grade stop me from learning some of the best lessons of my life. Mr. Dena is one of the giants that Newton 19 . He has helped me see not only more 20 ideas than I thought possible, but who I can be. 1．A．keep up with B．give in to C．stay away from D．watch out for 2．A．sorrow B．delight C．surprise D．relief 3．A．talent B．methods C．innovation D．weaknesses 4．A．in spite of B．in case of C．in view of D．in consequence of 5．A．diary B．quote C．essay D．letter 6．A．embarrassed B．determined C．astonished D．puzzled 7．A．assign B．honor C．persuade D．monitor 8．A．reading B．singing C．praying D．applauding 9．A．registered B．changed C．abandoned D．picked 10．A．concerned B．stuck C．impressed D．content 11．A．negotiation B．mistake C．performance D．standard 12．A．when B．why C．where D．how 13．A．decision B．challenge C．instruction D．victory 14．A．accurately B．carefully C．effortlessly D．poorly 15．A．give out B．break down C．turn up D．pay off 16．A．beyond B．within C．upon D．across 17．A．praised B．defended C．pushed D．criticized 18．A．viewed B．created C．ignored D．presented 19．A．admires B．establishes C．measures D．describes 20．A．social B．mathematical C．psychological D．moral 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．D 16．A 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．B 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从四年级开始学数学就很吃力，同学们都不愿意和作者进行小组活动，但作者却很努力，微积分课程的老师Mr. Dena让作者理解到了学习不是关乎于考试，而是努力和付出，付出终会有回报的。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四年级开始，我的数学就很困难，但是我努力赶上我周围那些最聪明的学生。A. keep up with赶上；B. give in to向……屈服；C. stay away from远离；D. watch out for注意，留意。根据空前的“but worked very hard to”转折but可知，尽管我的数学学起来很费力，但我还是尽力追上、赶上周围的同学，故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我的同学惊讶的是，我报名了微积分BC这一课程，最难的数学课。A. sorrow伤心；B. delight高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief轻松。根据前文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，但我却报名了最难的数学课，这让我的同学很惊讶，故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是当我遇到Mr. Dena的时候，我告诉他，我在数学上有一定的弱点，但我会尽最大的努力。A. talent天赋；B. methods方法；C. innovation创新；D. weaknesses弱点，劣势。根据前文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，因此我告诉Mr. Dena，我学数学有一定的劣势，故选D。 4．考查短语词义辨析。句意：他让我相信，即使同学怀疑我，但我还是能成功。A. in spite of尽管；B. in case of以防……； C. in view of鉴于；D. in consequence of因为，由于……的结果。根据空后“the doubts from my classmates.”可知，即使我学数学有困难，即使同学对我有怀疑，但他让我相信，我还是能成功，故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena在黑板上留下了Sir Isaac Newton的一句难忘的话：“如果我能看得更远，那是因为我站在巨人肩膀上。”A. diary日记；B. quote引文，引语；C. essay论文；D. letter信。根据后文“Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.””可知，后文提到Mr. Dena引用了的Sir Isaac Newton一句话，写在黑板上，故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一整年都在思考这一点，并决定要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. determined有决心的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据空前“He reflected on that throughout the year”可知，他全年都在思考“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”这一点，因此下定决心要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西，故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档。A. assign分配；B. honor尊敬；C. persuade说服；D. monitor监视。根据前文“Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests”可知，他会给我们进行小组测试，因此从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组。A. reading阅读；B. singing唱歌；C. praying祈祷；D. applauding鼓掌。根据前文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我学数学有一定的困难，因此在分组的时候，同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当“幸运的”名字被挑选出来时，同学们都大笑起来。A. registered注册；B. changed改变；C. abandoned抛弃；D. picked挑选。根据前文“He drew names out of a hat”可知，Mr. Dena从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，因此当“幸运儿”的名字被选出来的时候，故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了。A. concerned关心的；B. stuck被困的，被缠住的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. content满意的。根据前文“Students were 　　8　　 out loud that they wouldn't be paired with me.”可知，同学们都不想和我一组，因此我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了，我会拖累他，故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们合作得很好，并用我们在这次考试的成绩震惊了每个人。A. negotiation谈判；B. mistake错误；C. performance表现，成绩；D. standard标准。根据空后“on this test”可知，我们合作得很好，用考试的成绩震惊了每个人，故选C。 12．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我从同学那里学到了很多，并且我意识到，这也就是为什么我们有小组测试。A. when当……时候；B. why为什么；C. where哪里；D. how怎样。根据空后“we had partner tests”可知，我们进行小组测试的原因是因为我们能从搭档那里学到很多东西，故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：期末考试就是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，但我没能通过考试。A. decision决定；B. challenge挑战，考验；C. instruction指导；D. victory胜利。根据前文“The final exam”可知，期末考试是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，故选B。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我学习如此努力了，怎么还能在考得这么差。A. accurately准确地；B. carefully小心地；C. effortlessly不费力地；D. poorly差地。根据空后“when I had studied so hard”可知，我感到很疑惑，为什么我这么努力，考试成绩却这么差，故选D。 15．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果学习没有在考试上得到回报，那终有一天会有回报的。A. give out泄露，分发；B. break down垮掉；C. turn up出现；D. pay off取得回报。根据后文“He explained it's not about the grades; it's about true understanding.”可知，Mr. Dena解释道，学习是理解，而不是分数，因此如果努力没有在测试上取得回报，那终有一天会有回报的，故选D。 16．考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我知道了，学习是超出通过或者没通过考试的范围，是关乎于努力和汗水的。A. beyond超出……范围；B. within在……范围以内；C. upon在……上；D. across跨越。根据后文“studying was about hard work and effort.”可知，学习是关乎于努力和付出的，超出了通过考试或者没通过考试的范围，故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我督促自己比之前更加努力了。A. praised表扬；B. defended辩护；C. pushed督促，催促；D. criticized批评。根据前文“I knew then that 　　16　　 passing or failing tests, studying was about hard work and effort.”可知，我理解到学习不是关于考试是否通过，而且关乎于努力和付出的，因此我督促自己比之前更加努力了，故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：挑战数学真的改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式。A. viewed看待；B. created创造；C. ignored忽视；D. presented呈现。根据空前“To be challenged in math really changed the way”可知，挑战数学改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式，故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena就是Newton描述的巨人之一。A. admires钦佩；B. establishes建立；C. measures测量；D. describes描述。根据前文“Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.””可知，Newton说过，“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”，而作者就将Mr. Dena视为Newton描述的巨人之一，让作者看得更远，故选D。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学改变，还让我看到了我能成为什么。A. social社会的；B. mathematical有关数学的；C. psychological心理的；D. moral道德上的。根据前文“I signed up for precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena”可知，Mr. Dena是我的数学老师，因此让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学概念，故选B。 Passage 2 （2024·天津·高考真题）At 23, I applied for my first job and it was not successful. When I received the 1 email, I felt disappointed and angry. I had spent days 2 the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know what went wrong. Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call From the manager. “ 3 , we decided to offer the job to someone else,” he said. “Would you like to hear the feedback (反馈)?” The manager went on to tell me I hadn’t expressed my 4 for applying for the position. The feedback was 5 to hear, but he was right. As I just wanted a job in my home city, I didn’t 6 much whether it fit my interests. The job at the company was something I was capable of doing, but I didn’t feel 7 about it — and that showed in the interview. From then on, I decided to carefully evaluate each job opening and only 8 at I was interested in. In my applications, I also began 9 clearly why I wanted that particular job. Soon my effort 10 , as I got an offer I was truly excited about. Years later, I found myself on the other side of the table, interviewing 11 for a position in my lab. One of them got my attention. On paper, his application looked 12 , but the interview went badly. He didn’t seem to have done any reading 13 about my research, which made me wonder 14 he was truly interested in working with me. When I called to tell him, I couldn’t offer him the 15 , he was disappointed. I then told him where he could 16 in future interviews. As the 17 went on, I got the sense that he was grateful for what I said. Nowadays, when my own trainees apply for positions else where, I encourage them to 18 feedback. It’s never pleasant to 19 constructive criticism, but if we are told where we are lagging (落后), we are more likely to avoid making the same 20 in the future. 1．A．congratulation B．invitation C．rejection D．complaint 2．A．taking up B．preparing for C．calling off D．passing down 3．A．Consequently B．Hopefully C．Surprisingly D．Unfortunately 4．A．requirement B．motivation C．imagination D．suggestion 5．A．tough B．pleasant C．frightening D．reasonable 6．A．care B．regret C．doubt D．know 7．A．nervous B．enthusiastic C．relaxed D．embarrassed 8．A．introduce B．abandon C．pursue D．display 9．A．examining B．stating C．judging D．instructing 10．A．came about B．faded away C．settled down D．paid off 11．A．officials B．candidates C．visitors D．employers 12．A．great B．easy C．confusing D．complicated 13．A．in advance B．on average C．by contrast D．for free 14．A．that B．when C．where D．whether 15．A．salary B．degree C．award D．position 16．A．continue B．serve C．improve D．participate 17．A．conversation B．adventure C．negotiation D．journey 18．A．set aside B．ask for C．put off D．contribute to 19．A．give away B．insist on C．listen to D．fight for 20．A．proposals B．decisions C．comments D．mistakes 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找到工作的经历。第一次失败后，他因缺乏反馈而感到失望和愤怒；第二次失败时，他得到了关于表达动机不清晰的反馈，这促使他开始仔细选择职位。最终，他只申请感兴趣的工作，并成功找到工作。后来作为面试官，作者会为求职者提供反馈，帮助他们改进。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我收到拒绝邮件时，我感到失望和愤怒。A. congratulation祝贺；B. invitation邀请；C. rejection拒绝；D. complaint投诉。根据后文“I felt disappointed and angry.”可知，作者会感到失望和愤怒说明被拒绝了。故选C。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了好几天准备面试，到最后，我甚至不知道哪里出了问题。A. taking up从事；B. preparing for准备；C. calling off取消；D. passing down传递。根据上文“I had spent days”以及宾语“the interview”指花时间准备面试。故选B。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我们决定把这份工作给别人，”他说。A. Consequently结果；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“we decided to offer the job to someone else”可知，工作给了别人，对作者来说是不幸地。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经理接着告诉我，我没有表达我申请这个职位的动机。A. requirement要求；B. motivation动机；C. imagination想象；D. suggestion建议。根据后文“I just wanted a job in my home city”可知，作者的动机只是想要一份工作，这是经理没有听到作者申请时所表达出的。故选B。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些反馈让人难以接受，但他是对的。A. tough艰难的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. frightening可怕的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“to hear, but he was right”中but表示转折，说明经理的话让作者难受，但却是事实。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我只想在家乡找一份工作，所以我并不太在意这份工作是否符合我的兴趣。A. care关心，在意；B. regret后悔；C. doubt怀疑；D. know知道。根据上文“As I just wanted a job in my home city”以及后文“much whether it fit my interests”可知，作者只是想要一份工作，并不太在意这份工作是否符合自己的兴趣。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家公司的工作是我有能力做的，但我对它没有热情——这在面试中表现出来了。A. nervous紧张的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. relaxed放松的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文作者面试被拒，说明作者对这份工作并没有热情，因此被经理拒绝了。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，我就决定仔细评估每一个工作机会，只追求我感兴趣的。A. introduce介绍；B. abandon抛弃；C. pursue追求；D. display展示。根据上文“I decided to carefully evaluate each job opening and only”可知，作者评估工作机会，是为了追求自己感兴趣的工作。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请中，我也开始清楚地说明我为什么想要这份工作。A. examining检查；B. stating陈述；C. judging判断；D. instructing指导。根据后文“clearly why I wanted that particular job”指作者在申请中陈述自己申请的理由。故选B。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，我的努力得到了回报，我得到了一份令我真正兴奋的工作。A. came about发生；B. faded away消失；C. settled down定居；D. paid off取得回报。根据后文“as I got an offer I was truly excited about”可知，作者得到了想要的工作，努力得到了回报。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我发现自己站在桌子的另一边，为我实验室的一个职位面试候选人。A. officials官员；B. candidates候选人；C. visitors游客；D. employers雇主。根据上文“I found myself on the other side of the table”可知，作者站在了桌子的另一边，即成为了面试候选人的面试官。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在纸上，他的申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。A. great不错的；B. easy容易的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. complicated复杂的。根据后文“but the interview went badly”可知，but表示转折，申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。故选A。 13．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。A. in advance提前；B. on average平均的；C. by contrast相比之下；D. for free免费地。根据后文“about my research, which made me wonder whether he was truly interested in working with me.”可知，作者怀疑他是否有兴趣和自己一起工作，所以推测他没有提前阅读作者的研究。故选A。 14．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。A. that那；B. when当……时候；C. where在哪里；D. whether是否。此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”应用whether。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话告诉他我不能给他这个职位时，他很失望。A. salary薪水；B. degree度数；C. award奖品；D. position职位，位置。根据上文“for a position in my lab”可知，此处指给对方这个职位。故选D。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我告诉他在以后的面试中他可以改进的地方。A. continue继续；B. serve服务；C. improve改善；D. participate参加。根据后文“constructive criticism”可推测得知，作者告诉了对方面试中可以改进的地方。故选C。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着谈话的进行，我感觉到他对我所说的话很感激。A. conversation谈话；B. adventure冒险；C. negotiation谈判；D. journey旅程。根据上文“I then told him”指作者和对方进行了谈话。故选A。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，当我自己的学员申请其他公司的职位时，我鼓励他们寻求反馈。A. set aside留出；B. ask for寻求；C. put off推迟；D. contribute to有助于。根据后文“feedback”可知，指面试者向面试官寻求反馈。故选B。 19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的地方，我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. give away赠送；B. insist on坚持；C. listen to听；D. fight for为……而战。根据后文“constructive criticism”以及后文“we are told where we are lagging”指听建设性的批评，故选C。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的地方，我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. proposals提议；B. decisions决定；C. comments评论；D. mistakes错误。根据上文“we are more likely to avoid making the same”可知，听从建议是为了避免犯同样的错误。故选D。 Passage 3 （2023·天津·高考真题）There are moments when strangers’ lives collide(碰撞)by accident, and even though they may never see each other again, they’ re changed forever. These can be moments when true character is 1 , often through acts of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes.   Not long ago, I was a(n) 2 to that kind of moment. On a summer midnight, my parents and I had just 3 a long flight and started to walk through the empty airport when I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the ground. We 4 ran toward him. My parents, who are doctors, dropped everything and began trying to 5 what had happened. As they asked him questions and searched for a(n) 6 information card, other passengers from the flight joined us. My parents 7 that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的) and in major need of sugar. 8 , the only thing we could find was a protein bar. We were 9 it would not be enough to save him. Just then, a young boy, Mecca, arrived at the 10 with the flight attendants(空乘人员). He quietly announced, “I have a Snickers(士力架巧克力)!” Nobody responded to him as they were in the 11 of trying to save a stranger's life. Mecca dug deep into his backpack, and 12 a Snickers. He then handed it to my father, who was trying to manage with the protein bar. Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the protein bar, the man regained 13 . Mecca, a fourth grader,   14 this stranger's life! No one could have guessed that earlier that night, Mecca had just been through a 15 time. His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled, 16 him to fly alone. He had never flown by himself before and was very nervous. His grandmother filled his backpack with candy to make him a little less 17 . When we told Mecca's parents of his 18 actions, they smiled from ear to ear. They were surprised that he had saved some candy and was able to think about the candy during the 19 . As time goes on, I remain 20 by the experience of witnessing a nine-year-old save a stranger's life. Even today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile. 1．A．created B．revealed C．introduced D．preserved 2．A．witness B．visitor C．match D．exception 3．A．caught B．confirmed C．gotten off D．put off 4．A．safely B．accidentally C．casually D．immediately 5．A．get across B．figure out C．take down D．bring up 6．A．medical B．financial C．educational D．military 7．A．recalled B．determined C．admitted D．guaranteed 8．A．Instead B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 9．A．worried B．confused C．embarrassed D．annoyed 10．A．station B．destination C．scene D．department 11．A．chaos B．possession C．habit D．direction 12．A．gave away B．set aside C．pulled out D．kept off 13．A．memory B．appetite C．independence D．consciousness 14．A．risked B．saved C．sacrificed D．respected 15．A．proper B．tough C．enjoyable D．mysterious 16．A．forcing B．urging C．reminding D．permitting 17．A．guilty B．anxious C．sensitive D．doubtful 18．A．modest B．ambitious C．heroic D．confident 19．A．flight B．operation C．performance D．emergency 20．A．relieved B．puzzled C．frustrated D．inspired 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个乘客在机场低血糖突然倒地，陌生人们一起帮忙，其中一个年仅九岁的男孩麦加用自己的巧克力救了这个人的命。这种不期而遇的碰撞可以改变人们的生命，也可以展现出人性中最善良的一面。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些时刻可能揭示了真正的品格，通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷慨的行为展现出来的。A. created创造；B. revealed揭示；C. introduced引入；D. preserved保护。根据前文“There are moments when strangers’ lives collide(碰撞)by accident, and even though they may never see each other again, they’ re changed forever.”以及后文“often through acts of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes.”可知，有时候，陌生人的生活会因为偶然的碰撞而交错在一起，即使他们可能永远不会再见面，他们也会永远改变。这些时刻通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷慨的行为展现出来的，可能揭示了真正的品格。故选B。 2．考查名次词义辨析。句意：不久以前，我也曾目睹过这样的时刻。A. witness目击者，亲历者；B. visitor访问者；C. match比赛；D. exception例外。根据后文“that kind of moment.”以及后文的内容，可知此处表示作者也是这个时刻的亲历者。故选A。 3．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：一个夏天的午夜，我和父母刚下了长途飞机，正要穿过空荡荡的机场，突然看到一位乘客摔倒在地。A. caught抓住；B. confirmed确认；C. gotten off下车；D. put off推迟。根据后文“started to walk through the empty airport”可知，作者和父母刚下飞机，走出空荡荡的机场。故选C。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们立即向他跑去。A. safely安全地；B. accidentally意外地；C. casually随意地；D. immediately立即地。根据“I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the ground.”可知，突然看到有人倒下，故作者和家人立刻跑过去。故选D。 5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的父母都是医生，他们放下了手上的东西，开始试图弄清楚到底发生了什么。A. get across理解；B. figure out弄清楚；C. take down拆除；D. bring up提出。根据前文“dropped everything and began trying to”可知，因为作者的父母放下手里的东西去弄清楚到底发生了什么。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们问他问题并寻找医疗信息卡时，航班上的其他乘客也加入了我们。A. medical医疗的；B. financial金融的；C. educational教育的；D. military军事的。根据“information card”以及后文的“the man was hypoglycaemic”可知，在男人倒下后，作者的父母询问相关的医疗信息卡，原来男人是低血糖而倒下。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这个人患有低血糖症，非常需要糖。A. recalled回忆起；B. determined决定，确定；C. admitted承认；D. guaranteed保证。根据“that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的)”可知，父母确定因为低血糖男人才倒下。故选B。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们唯一能找到的是一个蛋白质棒。A. Instead相反；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据“the only thing we could find was a protein bar.”可知，男人倒下是因为低血糖，需要糖回升血糖，而当前只能找到一个蛋白质棒，前后构成转折关系。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们担心这不足以救他。A. worried担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据“it would not be enough to save him”可知，因为当前只能找到一个蛋白质棒，因此作者和家人担心这不足以救助倒下的男人。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个名叫麦加的小男孩和空乘人员来到了现场。A. station站；B. destination目的地；C. scene场景；D. department部门。根据“Mecca, arrived at the”可知，一个名叫麦加的小男孩和空乘人员来到了现场。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应他，因为他们正处于混乱之中拯救一个陌生人的生命。A. chaos混乱；B. possession拥有；C. habit习惯；D. direction方向。根据“trying to save a stranger's life”可知，因为在场的人都处于混乱之中拯救陌生人的生命，因此没人回复他。故选A。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦加从背包里掏出一块士力架。A. gave away赠送；B. set aside搁置；C. pulled out拉出；D. kept off避开。根据“Mecca dug deep into his backpack,”可知，麦加在背包里翻了半天，掏出一块士力架。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：士力架代替了蛋白质棒，几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。A. memory记忆力；B. appetite食欲；C. independence独立；D. consciousness意识。根据“Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the protein bar,”可知，当士力架代替了蛋白质棒，男子血糖恢复，几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年级学生麦加救了这个陌生人的命！A. risked冒险；B. saved拯救；C. sacrificed牺牲；D. respected尊敬。根据“this stranger's life”可知，四年级学生麦加救了这个陌生人的命。故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人能想到，那天晚上早些时候，麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。A. proper适当的；B. tough艰难的；C. enjoyable令人愉快的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据后文“His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled,  ___16___ him to fly alone.”可知，他父亲的航班意外取消，迫使他独自飞行，由此可知麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。故选B。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他父亲的航班意外取消，迫使他独自飞行。A. forcing强迫，迫使；B. urging催促；C. reminding提醒；D. permitting允许。根据“His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled,”可知，由于麦加父亲的航班意外取消，由此迫使麦加独自乘坐航班。故选A。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的祖母在他的背包里装满了糖果，让他不那么焦虑。A. guilty愧疚的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据“He had never flown by himself before and was very nervous.”可知，麦加从未独自做过航班，因此祖母在其包中装满糖果不让他焦虑。故选B。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们把麦加的英勇事迹告诉他的父母时，他们笑得合不拢嘴。A. modest谦虚的；B. ambitious有抱负的；C. heroic英勇的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“Mecca dug deep into his backpack, and ___12___ a Snickers. He then handed it to my father, who was trying to manage with the protein bar.”可知，作者将麦加救助低血糖男人的英雄过程告诉了麦加的父母。故选C。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都很惊讶，麦加还存了一些糖果，在紧急情况下还能想到糖果。A. flight航班；B. operation手术；C. performance表演；D. emergency紧急情况。根据前文麦加递送士力架给作者的父亲以及“was able to think about the candy”可知，麦加的父母很惊讶，在低血糖男子倒下的紧急情况下麦加还能想到糖果。故选D。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，目睹一个九岁的孩子救了一个陌生人的生命的经历仍然激励着我。A. relieved放心的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. inspired激励的。根据“Even today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile.”可知，在经历此事后，直到今天，麦加的善良仍然让作者微笑，由此一个九岁的孩子麦加拯救陌生人的经历激励着作者。故选D。 Passage 4 （2023·天津·高考真题）In my early thirties, I decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa at 5, 895 meters above sea level. After months of preparation, I started my great 1 .At the base of the mountain, I met Mik, a local porter, who warmly 2 me. Mik’s job was to carry my equipment up the mountain, set up the tent (帐篷), and carry everything back down after reaching the 3 . Mik stood about 1.6 meters tall. I was 4 with a pack nearly as tall as his whole body. Just imagine this little man with the huge equipment 5 on his head. The first day of the climb was 6 the rain forest, across a slippery (滑的), muddy ground covered with tree roots and vines (藤蔓). Mik was carrying 30 kilos on his head! By that evening, we made it to 3, 000 meters. The air was 7 and it was colder. When I arrived at the campsite for the night, my tent was already set up and 8 me. Day two was much steeper (陡峭的) and rockier. I really had to 9 what I was doing. And I felt guilty for the tough.   10 Mik had to work in Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile, “Polle, polle, ”which means“ 11 , take it easy” in his native language. I 12 back, my burden lighter somehow. Over the next five days, the climb got 13 difficult. The temperatures could 14 from 21°C to below freezing in a few hours. At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen 15 in each breath compared to at sea level. That leaves many people with severe headache. Yet Mik remained 16 . He always had a smile and a positive 17 .It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 18 to keep going. Even today, when I find myself 19 with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile. A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 20 stranger to the top of a mountain. 1．A．performance B．business C．presentation D．adventure 2．A．questioned B．congratulated C．greeted D．invited 3．A．base B．peak C．forest D．border 4．A．covered B．equipped C．occupied D．treated 5．A．balanced B．exposed C．displayed D．folded 6．A．outside B．beside C．through D．over 7．A．thinner B．softer C．drier D．sweeter 8．A．looking after B．pointing to C．resting on D．waiting for 9．A．focus on B．comment on C．inquire into D．break into 10．A．locations B．conditions C．atmosphere D．competition 11．A．stop B．hurry C．relax D．move 12．A．ran B．talked C．smiled D．rode 13．A．slightly B．increasingly C．automatically D．equally 14．A．swing B．circle C．climb D．last 15．A．predictable B．available C．noticeable D．affordable 16．A．ambitious B．modest C．thankful D．cheerful 17．A．direction B．advantage C．attitude D．relationship 18．A．impression B．platform C．opportunity D．strength 19．A．cooperating B．struggling C．associating D．communicating 20．A．persuade B．introduce C．motivate D．recommend 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的经历，并强调了保持积极态度的重要性。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的准备，我开始了我伟大的冒险。A. performance表现、表演；B. business生意；C. presentation介绍；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“In my early thirties, I decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa at 5, 895 meters above sea level.”可知，作者决定攀登非洲最高峰，这自然是冒险。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山脚下，我遇到了当地的搬运工Mik，他热情地和我打招呼。A. questioned质疑；B. congratulated祝贺；C. greeted欢迎；D. invited邀请。根据“a local porter”可知，Mik是搬运工，那么自然在山脚迎接作者。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mik的工作是把我的设备搬上山，支好帐篷，到达山顶后再把所有东西搬下来。A. base底部、基地；B. peak顶峰；C. forest森林；D. border边界。根据上文“Mik’s job was to carry my equipment up the mountain, set up the tent (帐篷), and carry everything back down”可知，Mik需要帮助作者把东西搬上去，然后到达山顶再卸下来。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我佩带的背包几乎和他的整个身体一样高。A. covered覆盖；B. equipped配备；C. occupied占据；D. treated对待。根据“with a pack nearly as tall as his whole body”可知，作者登山所装备的物品。短语：be equipped with，意为“装备有……”，符合句意。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象这个小个子男人头顶着巨大的装备，却依然保持着平衡的样子。A. balanced平衡；B. exposed暴露；C. displayed展示；D. folded折叠。根据前文“Just imagine this little man with the huge equipment”和句意可知，Mik是个搬运工，所以他不仅要头顶着装备，还得保持平衡。故选A。 6．考查介词词义辨析。句意：攀爬的第一天要穿过热带雨林，穿过一片长满树根和藤蔓的湿滑泥泞的地面。A. outside在……外；B. beside在……旁；C. through通过；D. over超越。根据空后的“the rain forest, across a slippery (滑的), muddy ground covered with tree roots and vines (藤蔓).”可知，空处指的是“穿过”热带雨林，从内部穿过，用介词through。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：空气更稀薄，也更冷。A. thinner更稀薄；B. softer更软；C. drier更干燥；D. sweeter更甜蜜。根据前文“ Mik was carrying 30 kilos on his head! By that evening, we made it to 3, 000 meters.”和常理可知，越往山上走，空气越稀薄。故选A。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我到达露营地过夜时，我的帐篷已经搭好了，正等着我。A. looking after照顾；B. pointing to指向；C. resting on依靠；D. waiting for等待。根据上文的“my tent was already set up”可知，作者的帐篷已经搭好了，所以应该是在等着作者。故选D。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我必须专注于我正在做的事情。A. focus on专注于；B. comment on评论；C. inquire into调查；D. break into闯入、突然发出。根据空前的“Day two was much steeper (陡峭的) and rockier.”可知，路很难走，所以作者得专注。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对Mik不得不在这样艰苦的条件下工作感到内疚。A. locations方位；B. conditions条件；C. atmosphere氛围；D. competition竞赛。根据上文“Day two was much steeper(陡峭的)and rockier”可知，作者是对于Mik不得不在这样艰苦的条件下工作而感到内疚。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我转向Mik时，他面带笑容地说：“Polle，Polle”，在他的母语中，意思是“放松，放轻松”。A. stop停下；B. hurry急忙；C. relax放松；D. move移动。根据空后的“take it easy”可推测，空处指的是放松。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也报以微笑，我的负担不知怎么减轻了。A. ran跑；B. talked谈论；C. smiled笑；D. rode骑行。根据上文“Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile,”可知，Mik是在对着作者笑，因此空处指的是作者也对着Mik笑。故选C。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五天里，攀登变得越来越困难。A. slightly稍微；B. increasingly逐渐地、越来越……；C. automatically自动地；D. equally同样地。根据“The temperatures could ___14___from 21°C to below freezing in a few hours. ”和常识可知，越往上攀爬越困难。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几小时内，气温就会从21摄氏度降到冰点以下。A. swing摇摆；B. circle转圈；C. climb爬；D. last持续。根据空后的“from 21°C to below freezing in a few hours.”可知，空处指的是气温的变化。故选A。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海拔5700米的地方，每次呼吸所含的氧气只有海平面的一半。A. predictable可预测的；B. available可利用的、可得到的；C. noticeable显而易见的；D. affordable承担得起的。根据空前“At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen”可知，空处指的是在海拔5700米的地方的氧气含量只有海平面的一半。故选B。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Mik仍然很高兴。A. ambitious有雄心的；B. modest谦虚的；C. thankful感激的；D. cheerful高兴的。根据下文“He always had a smile and a positive  ___17___  .”可知，Mik一直都表现得很高兴。故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他总是面带微笑，态度积极。A. direction方向；B. advantage优点；C. attitude态度；D. relationship关系。根据空前“He always had a smile”以及下文“A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even___20___stranger to the top of a mountain.”可知，Mik拥有积极的生活态度。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它对我产生了巨大的影响，给了我继续前进的力量。A. impression印象；B. platform月台、平台；C. opportunity机会；D. strength力气。根据下文“A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even ___20___ stranger to the top of a mountain.”可知，Mik积极的态度对作者有很大的影响，激励作者前行，也就是给了作者前行的力量。故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，当我发现自己在生活中挣扎时，我也会想起Mik和他的微笑。A. cooperating合作；B. struggling挣扎；C. associating联系；D. communicating交流。根据下文“with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile”和上文内容可知，作者爬山是冒险，也就是在挣扎；由此可知，作者指的是即便在现在，只要作者很辛苦地挣扎时，作者都会想到Mik。故选B。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：良好的态度可以给你周围的人带来快乐，甚至可以激励陌生人登上山顶。A. persuade劝服；B. introduce介绍；C. motivate激励；D. recommend推荐。根据上文“It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the ___18___ to keep going.”可知，Mik的态度一直激励着作者继续前行。故选C。 Passage 5 （2022·天津·高考真题）When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 1 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students, I was filled with fear. I knew I would 2 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 3 . “Did you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so 4 and my world came 5 down in an instant. From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 6 . With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 7 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) 8 way out. The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started 9 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked mum. She 10 and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 11 out of. I made a 12 not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 13 could be achieved. The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 14 why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t 15 at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 16 I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was 17 a lot that year. 18 I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 19 everything in a person’s life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 20 inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable. 1．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly 2．A．mess up B．move on C．set out D．take off 3．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor 4．A．ashamed B．starved C．excited D．relaxed 5．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending 6．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter 7．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy 8．A．funny B．important C．easy D．traditional 9．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating 10．A．had a point B．made a change C．reached a level D．took a break 11．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb 12．A．request B．resolution C．presentation D．proposal 13．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution 14．A．figure out B．give away C．think over D．make up 15．A．aim B．smile C．wave D．shout 16．A．anger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise 17．A．felt B．shown C．remov$$