专题08 名词性从句-2025-2026普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语复习手册

专题08 名词性从句 一： 知识讲解 根据高二学业水平考试的要求，名词性从句是必考且重要的语法点。它相当于一个名词，在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。 以下是对名词性从句考点的系统归纳，以表格形式呈现，并配有例句和重难点分析。 高中学考名词性从句考点归纳总结表 名词性从句主要由三类连接词引导，其核心是语序必须用陈述语序。 从句类型 连接词 功能与说明 典型例句 考查重点与难点 主语从句 that, whether, 连接代词, 连接副词 在句中作主语。that 只起连接作用，无意义且不充当成分。 1. That he will succeed is certain. (that 不充当成分，只引导) 2. Whether we will go depends on the weather. (whether 意为“是否”) 3. What we need is more time. (what 在从句中作need的宾语) 4. Where he has gone is unknown. (where 在从句中作地点状语) 难点 1: 形式主语it：为避免“头重脚轻”，常用It is + adj./n. + that从句结构。 e.g. It is certain that he will succeed. 难点2: that 在主语从句中不能省略。 宾语从句 that, if/whether, 连接代词, 连接副词 在句中作动词或介词的宾语。 1. I think (that) you are right. (that 可省略) 2. I wonder if/whether she will come. (在宾语从句中，if≈ whether) 3. Can you tell me who is on duty today? (who 在从句中作主语) 4. He told me where I could find the book. (where 作地点状语) 5. I am interested in what you have said. (作介词宾语) 核心考点1: 三要素：连接词、陈述语序、时态呼应。 核心考点2: if vs whether： - 介词后只能用 whether。(e.g. It depends on whether...) - 后接or not时，多用 whether。(e.g. I don't know whether or not he is ready.) 核心考点3: 时态：主句是过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外）。 表语从句 that, whether, as if, 连接代词, 连接副词 在系动词（be, seem, remain等）后作表语。 1. The fact is that we have lost the game. 2. The question is whether we can get there on time. 3. That is why I was late. (why 作原因状语) 4. He looks as if he had seen a ghost. (as if 引导，表“好像”) 重点: 连接词that在表语从句中通常不能省略。 难点: 区分that引导的表语从句和强调句It is...that...。 同位语从句 that, whether 跟在抽象名词（fact, news, idea, hope, belief等）后，解释说明该名词的具体内容。 1. The news that our team had won made us happy. (that 解释news的内容，不充当成分) 2. I have no idea whether he will come or not. 最大难点: 同位语从句 vs 定语从句： - 引导词that：在同位语从句中，that是连词，不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。在定语从句中，that是关系代词，必须充当主语或宾语。 - 意义：同位语从句是解释内容（=）；定语从句是修饰限定（…的）。 对比: - The idea that he proposed is good. (定语从句，that作proposed的宾语，指“他提出的那个想法”) - The idea that we should go camping is good. (同位语从句，that不充当成分，指“我们应该去野营”这个想法本身) 连接词的选择（解题关键） 这是考查名词性从句的核心。选择哪个连接词，取决于从句本身缺少什么成分。 解题步骤： 找到从句部分。 分析从句的句子结构是否完整。 不缺成分（主谓宾齐全）：用 that (表陈述事实) 或 whether/if (表“是否”)。 缺主语、宾语、表语（指“物”）：用 what; （指“人”）：用 who。 缺定语（表示“谁的”）：用 whose。 缺状语： 缺时间状语：用 when 缺地点状语：用 where 缺原因状语：用 why 缺方式状语：用 how 陈述语序 名词性从句一律使用陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后），永远不能用疑问句倒装语序。 错误: I don't know where is the library. 正确: I don't know where the library is. 时态呼应 如果主句谓语是过去时，则宾语从句的谓语也要用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）。 例外：如果从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象，则时态不变，仍用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. if 与 whether 的区别 学考中，以下几点是高频考点，必须牢记只能用 whether 的情况： 正式语境中，引导主语从句置于句首时。 引导表语从句和同位语从句时。 作介词宾语时。 后直接接 or not 时。 备考建议： 1. 分析成分：遇到名词性从句的题目，首先分析从句部分是否缺少成分，这是选择连接词的王道。 2. 熟记规则：牢记只能用whether的四种情况以及时态呼应的规则。 3. 对比辨析：重点理解和练习同位语从句和定语从句的区别，这是最大的难点。 4. 检查语序：写完句子后，一定要检查从句部分是否是陈述语序。 二： 习题训练 1．—Excuse me, do you know I can buy some medicine? —Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street. 2．You can find out or not they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you. 3．It is one of the Chinese traditional virtues to be grateful to has been kind and helpful to us. 4．Make sure you can arrive at the cinema on time. 5．He didn’t catch the bus. That’s he was late for school. 6．Discuss you know about him in pairs. 7．Word came the outing would be put off. 8．Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply; that is partly people are driving more. 9．He says the book is very interesting and all the children like to read it. 10．My mother suddenly fell ill. That’s I didn’t appear. 11．The fact the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years worries many scientists. 12．The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution. 13．I had no idea he went home, perhaps by bike. 14．There is a danger I may not be able to tell these friends are real friends. 15．The fear the cultural heritage will not exist if it is not protected raises more concerns. 16． wants to be a volunteer in the sports meeting should get prepared before this Friday. 17．He didn’t come to the meeting yesterday. That was he had to take his brother to hospital. 18．What motivated me was the promise one day my dreams would come true. 19．People believe arriving at your friend’s home early is polite in China. 20．In many ways, the magic of AI is it’s not something you can see or touch. 21．Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only they need. 22．Driven by the belief humans should live with other species in peace, he uses reused wood (make) houses for birds wherever he goes. 23．He has heart disease. That it was he has been smoking too much. 24． Bob passed the driving test yesterday made him excited. 25．The teacher said that the sun (rise) from the east. 26．I can’t deny we need to devote more resources to this problem. 27．He failed the exam. That’s he looks so unhappy. 28． made her ashamed was that her husband was caught smoking in the museum. 29．I didn’t understand this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 30．We are interested in you will attend the meeting. 31．Perhaps contrary to we used to think of the US high school students, they pay more attention to their academic performance to try to get into a distinguished university. 32．I truly believe beauty comes from within. 33．I received a message I had to attend the meeting. 34．The only reason I came was I wanted to meet your friends. 35．Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you're afraid to do. 36．But the greatest mystery of all is caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. 37． did it should be responsible for it. 38．Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of I did. 39．In my opinion, seems easy at first often turns out to be difficult in the end. 40．It’s important Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life. 41．I have no idea we can do to deal with this waste materials in the future. 42．One thing to remember is it's the process not the end product that matters. 43． engages in killing and trading wild animals will be punished. 44．I don’t doubt the work will be finished in less than one week. 45． mathematics is one of the most useful sections in human knowledge is widely accepted. 46．The wise man knows he knows nothing; the fool thinks he knows all. 47． she passed the exam with flying colors surprised everyone in the class. ​ 48．Having a positive attitude and making full use of the benefits that the new sort of competition brings to us are really counts. 49．It is true the project was completed just in one year. 50．Tom was late for work this morning. That is he overslept. 51．You must keep in mind he is much younger than you. 52．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with. 53．What I want to know is or not you have lost faith in me. 54．As far as I am concerned, made him panic was that his personal information was let out by others online. 55．The reason some people pay more attention to their appearance is they care much more about what other people think of them. 56．He seemed to take it for granted he should speak as a representative. 57．Try to make sense what you see and wonder about makes the universe exist. 58．There is something wrong with his watch and that is he is sometimes late for class. 59．This is my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 60．We can observe artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. 61．In my opinion, matters is whether we can win together as a team instead of individuals. 62．That’s I left so early. 63．The problem is we can get to replace her. 64．After finishing your report, you should always acknowledge you got your data by attaching a list of the websites you got your information from. 65．They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed human ancestors were smarter than the Neanderthals. 66．The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed. 67．Mr Li says that he is too old and he will retire next month. 68．One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. 69．This is why there is a saying if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it. 70．Some experts, however, had a feeling it was possible. 71．Although repetition helps memory, psychologists doubt it helps long-term memory. 72．I made it a condition everybody must be on time. 73． we used to see as something impossible is now becoming a reality. 74．Air pollution is most Chinese people are concerned about nowadays, because their health is being threatened. 75．As a result,a decision is made to kill the wolves, (ignore) the warning wolves protect the grassland from the invasion of hares,rats and other animals. 76．He had seen the film before. That is he did not see it last night. 77．I doubt he has the ability to do it well. 78．I wonder makes this decision and how they come to their conclusion. 79．—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am you have made me. 80．As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here. 81．Please identify the words indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility. 82．He can well remember happy they were when they found the trees they had planted in the desert made it. 83．The reason was I lacked confidence in myself. 84．That is we are looking forward to. 85． you are coming to Beijing is the best news I have heard for a long time. 86．He works very hard. It is no wonder he won many prizes. 87． part of the country he will travel to alone this summer holiday needs further discussion. 88．It's not clear they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or not. 89．I always had doubts he would be the best man for the project, but now I don’t doubt he can do it. 90．Some people are born with the belief they are masters of their own while others feel they are at the mercy of others. 91．When asked ________ they needed most, the kids said they wanted books. 92．The traditional view is we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 93．Lily overslept this morning. That is she was late for work. 94．We all thought it a pity the conference should have been cancelled. 95．The most pleasant thing is one can be entirely free from dust. 96．It is not clear we can do to improve this situation. 97．I’ll do I can to help you. 98．We can’t seem to make up our minds we want a modern city or a traditional one. 99．You can depend on it she will keep her promise and arrive on time. 100． we can solve this problem efficiently is the key to the project’s success. 试卷第4页，共7页 试卷第5页，共7页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题08 名词性从句 一： 知识讲解 根据高二学业水平考试的要求，名词性从句是必考且重要的语法点。它相当于一个名词，在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。 以下是对名词性从句考点的系统归纳，以表格形式呈现，并配有例句和重难点分析。 高中学考名词性从句考点归纳总结表 名词性从句主要由三类连接词引导，其核心是语序必须用陈述语序。 从句类型 连接词 功能与说明 典型例句 考查重点与难点 主语从句 that, whether, 连接代词, 连接副词 在句中作主语。that 只起连接作用，无意义且不充当成分。 1. That he will succeed is certain. (that 不充当成分，只引导) 2. Whether we will go depends on the weather. (whether 意为“是否”) 3. What we need is more time. (what 在从句中作need的宾语) 4. Where he has gone is unknown. (where 在从句中作地点状语) 难点 1: 形式主语it：为避免“头重脚轻”，常用It is + adj./n. + that从句结构。 e.g. It is certain that he will succeed. 难点2: that 在主语从句中不能省略。 宾语从句 that, if/whether, 连接代词, 连接副词 在句中作动词或介词的宾语。 1. I think (that) you are right. (that 可省略) 2. I wonder if/whether she will come. (在宾语从句中，if≈ whether) 3. Can you tell me who is on duty today? (who 在从句中作主语) 4. He told me where I could find the book. (where 作地点状语) 5. I am interested in what you have said. (作介词宾语) 核心考点1: 三要素：连接词、陈述语序、时态呼应。 核心考点2: if vs whether： - 介词后只能用 whether。(e.g. It depends on whether...) - 后接or not时，多用 whether。(e.g. I don't know whether or not he is ready.) 核心考点3: 时态：主句是过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态（客观真理除外）。 表语从句 that, whether, as if, 连接代词, 连接副词 在系动词（be, seem, remain等）后作表语。 1. The fact is that we have lost the game. 2. The question is whether we can get there on time. 3. That is why I was late. (why 作原因状语) 4. He looks as if he had seen a ghost. (as if 引导，表“好像”) 重点: 连接词that在表语从句中通常不能省略。 难点: 区分that引导的表语从句和强调句It is...that...。 同位语从句 that, whether 跟在抽象名词（fact, news, idea, hope, belief等）后，解释说明该名词的具体内容。 1. The news that our team had won made us happy. (that 解释news的内容，不充当成分) 2. I have no idea whether he will come or not. 最大难点: 同位语从句 vs 定语从句： - 引导词that：在同位语从句中，that是连词，不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。在定语从句中，that是关系代词，必须充当主语或宾语。 - 意义：同位语从句是解释内容（=）；定语从句是修饰限定（…的）。 对比: - The idea that he proposed is good. (定语从句，that作proposed的宾语，指“他提出的那个想法”) - The idea that we should go camping is good. (同位语从句，that不充当成分，指“我们应该去野营”这个想法本身) 连接词的选择（解题关键） 这是考查名词性从句的核心。选择哪个连接词，取决于从句本身缺少什么成分。 解题步骤： 找到从句部分。 分析从句的句子结构是否完整。 不缺成分（主谓宾齐全）：用 that (表陈述事实) 或 whether/if (表“是否”)。 缺主语、宾语、表语（指“物”）：用 what; （指“人”）：用 who。 缺定语（表示“谁的”）：用 whose。 缺状语： 缺时间状语：用 when 缺地点状语：用 where 缺原因状语：用 why 缺方式状语：用 how 陈述语序 名词性从句一律使用陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后），永远不能用疑问句倒装语序。 错误: I don't know where is the library. 正确: I don't know where the library is. 时态呼应 如果主句谓语是过去时，则宾语从句的谓语也要用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）。 例外：如果从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象，则时态不变，仍用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. if 与 whether 的区别 学考中，以下几点是高频考点，必须牢记只能用 whether 的情况： 正式语境中，引导主语从句置于句首时。 引导表语从句和同位语从句时。 作介词宾语时。 后直接接 or not 时。 备考建议： 1. 分析成分：遇到名词性从句的题目，首先分析从句部分是否缺少成分，这是选择连接词的王道。 2. 熟记规则：牢记只能用whether的四种情况以及时态呼应的规则。 3. 对比辨析：重点理解和练习同位语从句和定语从句的区别，这是最大的难点。 4. 检查语序：写完句子后，一定要检查从句部分是否是陈述语序。 二： 习题训练 1．—Excuse me, do you know I can buy some medicine? —Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——打扰一下，你知道在哪里可以买到药吗？——当然。在这条街上有一家超市。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句作动词“know”的宾语，由从句结构并结合下文“There’s a supermarket down the street”可知，问句是询问能够买药的地方，设空处在从句中作地点状语，应该用连接副词where引导宾语从句。故填where。 2．You can find out or not they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连接词。句意：你能弄清楚他们是否准备好和你分摊买花的费用。whether...or not为固定结构，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。故填whether。 3．It is one of the Chinese traditional virtues to be grateful to has been kind and helpful to us. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：感恩那些对我们友善且有帮助的人，是中国传统美德之一。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作介词“to”的宾语，从句中缺少主语，且主语需指代“人”；同时，此处表示不确定的人，应为“无论谁，任何人”，而“who”仅指代特定的“谁”，无法体现泛指含义，所以此处使用连接代词whoever。故填whoever。 4．Make sure you can arrive at the cinema on time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：确保你能准时到达电影院。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导从句，从句意义完整，不缺少成分，故应用连接词“that”引导从句。故填that。 5．He didn’t catch the bus. That’s he was late for school. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他没有赶上公共汽车。这就是为什么他上学迟到了。分析句子结构可知，此句为表语从句，that’s why...意为“这是为什么......”，后接结果，故填why。 6．Discuss you know about him in pairs. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：两人一组讨论你对他的了解。“____ you know about him”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“两人一组讨论你对他的了解”，空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 7．Word came the outing would be put off. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有消息说郊游将会被推迟。分析句子成分可知，word作主语，came作谓语；根据句意可知，从句the outing would be put off是对抽象名词word具体内容的阐述，故这是一个同位语从句，且从句的成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 8．Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply; that is partly people are driving more. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：多年来一直下降的交通事故现在急剧增多；部分原因是人们开车越来越多。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，句子表示“因为人们开车越来越多”，因此空格处用because引导表语从句。故填because。 9．He says the book is very interesting and all the children like to read it. 【答案】 that/不填 that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他说这本书很有趣，所有的孩子都喜欢读。第一空为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，可用that引导或省略；第二空为第二个宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用that引导且不可省略。故填①that/不填；②that。 10．My mother suddenly fell ill. That’s I didn’t appear. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我妈妈突然病倒了。这就是为什么我没出现。分析可知，空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，根据“My mother suddenly fell ill”可知，句子表示“这就是为什么我没出现”，空格处意为“为什么”，是why，故填why。 11．The fact the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years worries many scientists. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这些年地球越来越暖的事实让许多科学家忧心忡忡。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填同位语从句的引导词；分析从句成分可知，从句中不缺任何成分，所以应用连接词that。故填that。 12．The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution. 【答案】why 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做些什么来阻止空气污染。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“这个展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做些什么来阻止空气污染”，空格处意为“为什么”，用why引导宾语从句，故填why。 13．I had no idea he went home, perhaps by bike. 【答案】how 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道他是怎么回家的，也许是骑自行车。此处引导同位语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。 14．There is a danger I may not be able to tell these friends are real friends. 【答案】 that whether 【详解】考查同位语从句和宾语从句。句意：有一种危险是，我可能无法分辨这些朋友是否是真正的朋友。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连接词引导的同位语从句对danger解释说明，从句中不缺主语和宾语，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that；第二空为连接词引导的宾语从句作tell的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“是否”，所以第二空使用连接词whether。故填that，whether。 15．The fear the cultural heritage will not exist if it is not protected raises more concerns. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：人们担心，如果不加以保护，这些文化遗产将不复存在，这引发了更多的担忧。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 16． wants to be a volunteer in the sports meeting should get prepared before this Friday. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论谁想在运动会上做志愿者，都应该在本周五之前做好准备。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，该空引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，表示“……的任何人”应用whoever，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Whoever。 17．He didn’t come to the meeting yesterday. That was he had to take his brother to hospital. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他昨天没有来开会。那是因为他得送他弟弟去医院。空格处引导的是表语从句，句子表示“那是因为他得送他弟弟去医院”，空格处用because表示“因为”，故填because。 18．What motivated me was the promise one day my dreams would come true. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：激励我的是有一天我的梦想会实现的承诺。空格处引导的是同位语从句，说明先行词promise的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 19．People believe arriving at your friend’s home early is polite in China. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：人们认为，在中国，提前到达朋友家是一种礼貌的行为。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 20．In many ways, the magic of AI is it’s not something you can see or touch. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：从很多方面来说，人工智能的神奇之处在于它不是你能看到或触摸到的东西。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导表语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 21．Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only they need. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：现在的消费者变得越来越实际，只买他们需要的东西。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“……的东西”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 22．Driven by the belief humans should live with other species in peace, he uses reused wood (make) houses for birds wherever he goes. 【答案】 that to make 【详解】考查同位语从句和非谓语动词。句意：在人类应该与其他物种和平共处的信念的驱使下，他无论走到哪里，都用重复使用的木材为鸟类建造房屋。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导的是同位语从句，说明belief的具体内容，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此第一空用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导；根据句意可知，第二空用不定式to make表目的，use sth. to do是固定短语，意为“用某物来做某事”，故填①that；②to make。 23．He has heart disease. That it was he has been smoking too much. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟抽得太多了。设空处引导表语从句，表原因，用because。故填because。 24． Bob passed the driving test yesterday made him excited. 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：鲍勃昨天通过了驾驶考试，这使他很兴奋。　　　　①　　　　 Bob passed the driving test yesterday是主语从句，缺少连接词，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用且无意义的that，首字母大写。故填That。 25．The teacher said that the sun (rise) from the east. 【答案】rises 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：老师说太阳从东方升起。空处谓语动词是宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述事实，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态；主语是单数，所以空处谓语动词需用单数rises。故填rises。 26．I can’t deny we need to devote more resources to this problem. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不能否认的是，我们需要投入更多的资源来解决这个问题。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，且从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用that引导。故填that。 27．He failed the exam. That’s he looks so unhappy. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他考试不及格。这就是为什么他看起来那么不高兴。固定句型That’s why...“那就是为什么……”，后接某事产生的结果，连接副词why引导表语从句。故填why。 28． made her ashamed was that her husband was caught smoking in the museum. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：使她感到羞耻的是她丈夫在博物馆抽烟被抓住了。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。 29．I didn’t understand this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 【答案】why　 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不明白为什么会发生这种事，而且我的信用卡已经被扣了订房费。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作understand的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表示“为什么”符合句意，所以用连接副词why来引导。故填why。 30．We are interested in you will attend the meeting. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们很感兴趣是否你将参会。空处引导宾语从句，且从句不缺成分，再根据句意，此处应填whether表“是否”。故填whether。 31．Perhaps contrary to we used to think of the US high school students, they pay more attention to their academic performance to try to get into a distinguished university. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：也许与我们过去对美国高中生的看法相反，他们更关注自己的学习成绩，试图进入一所著名的大学。分析句子结构和意思可知，“　　　　　　　 we used to think of the US high school students”是介词to的宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“什么”，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 32．I truly believe beauty comes from within. (用适当的单词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的相信美来自内部。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句部分不缺少任何成分也不缺意思，故填that。 33．I received a message I had to attend the meeting. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我收到了一条信息，说我必须参加会议。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明message的具体内容，从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。故填that。 34．The only reason I came was I wanted to meet your friends. 【答案】 why that 【详解】考查定语从句及表语从句。句意：我来的唯一原因就是想见见你的朋友。第一空引导限定性定语从句，先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导；第二空引导表语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填①why；②that。 35．Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you're afraid to do. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事情。分析句子可知，设空处及之后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作do之后的宾语，what引导名词性从句，做句子成分；所以填what指代“你害怕去做的事情”。故填what。 36．But the greatest mystery of all is caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：但最大的谜团是什么原因导致玛雅人放弃了他们大部分的大城市。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，用what引导表语从句，故填what。 37． did it should be responsible for it. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：无论是谁做了这件事都应该对它负责。句中存在两个动词did“做”和系动词be，空格出需要填写连接词引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，故连接代词whoever“无论谁”符合语境。故填whoever。 38．Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of I did. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：与逃跑的司机相比，我为我所做的事感到骄傲。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。 39．In my opinion, seems easy at first often turns out to be difficult in the end. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在我看来，一开始看起来容易的事情往往最后会变得困难。分析句子结构可知，“____ seems easy at first”在句中作主语，为主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。 40．It’s important Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谢蕾在学业和社交生活之间保持平衡是很重要的。分析句子结构可知，该句it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句，that引导主语从句，只起引导作用，不作任何成分，无实际含义。故填that。 41．I have no idea we can do to deal with this waste materials in the future. 【答案】what 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我们将来能做些什么来处理这些废物。引导同位语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what。故填what。 42．One thing to remember is it's the process not the end product that matters. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：需要记住的一点是是过程而不是最终产品才是最重要的。_________it's the process not the end product that matters.是一个表语从句，从句中含有强调句型，从句语意及结构均完整，用that引导表语从句，所以填that。故填that。 43． engages in killing and trading wild animals will be punished. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论是任何人，只要参与了屠杀和贩卖野生动物，都会受到惩罚。分析句子结构，谓语动词为will be punished，故空处需要填一个连接词引导主语从句；从句中缺少主语，且结合句意，指人，表示“无论是谁”，故要用whoever，位于句首需要大写首字母。故填Whoever。 44．I don’t doubt the work will be finished in less than one week. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意： 我毫不怀疑这项工作将在一周内完成。sb. don’t doubt that+句子，是固定句型，意为“某人不怀疑……”，doubt后接宾语从句时，doubt用在肯定句中，宾语从句连接词用if/whether；doubt用在否定句中，连接词用that，故填that。 45． mathematics is one of the most useful sections in human knowledge is widely accepted. (用适当的单词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为数学是人类知识中最有用的部分之一。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句且从句中不缺任何成分，也不缺少意义，故填that。 46．The wise man knows he knows nothing; the fool thinks he knows all. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：智者知道自己什么也不知道；傻瓜自以为无所不知。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故用that引导从句。故填that。 47． she passed the exam with flying colors surprised everyone in the class. ​ 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她以优异的成绩通过了考试，使班上的每个人都感到惊讶。“she passed the exam with flying colors”是主语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填That。 48．Having a positive attitude and making full use of the benefits that the new sort of competition brings to us are really counts. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：有一个积极的态度并且充分利用这种新型的竞争带给我们的优势是真正重要的事情。are后缺少表语，设空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少指物的主语，故用what引导表语从句。故填what。 49．It is true the project was completed just in one year. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：的确，这个工程仅仅用了一年的时间就完成了。空后为完整的句子，此处用固定句型“it is+形容词+that…”表示“……是怎样的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的名词性从句。故填that。 50．Tom was late for work this morning. That is he overslept. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：今天早上汤姆上班迟到了。那是因为他睡过头了。空处引导表语从句，从句主谓结构完整，需用连接副词，表示“因为”用because引导从句。故填because。 51．You must keep in mind he is much younger than you. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：你必须记住他比你年轻得多。句子使用句型keep in mind that，意为“记住”，that引导宾语从句。故填that。 52．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个人旅行的快乐程度在很大程度上取决于他和谁一起去。设空处引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作with的宾语，这里表示他和谁一起去，指代人，意为“谁”，所以用who或者whom。故填who/whom。 53．What I want to know is or not you have lost faith in me. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我想知道的是你是否对我失去信心。whether引导名词性从句，常与or not搭配，表示“是否”，本句中引导表语从句，故填whether。 54．As far as I am concerned, made him panic was that his personal information was let out by others online. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：就我而言，令他恐慌的是，他的个人信息被其他人在网上泄露了。分析句子结构，空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，应用what引导从句。故填what。 55．The reason some people pay more attention to their appearance is they care much more about what other people think of them. 【答案】 why that 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：有些人更注重外表的原因是他们更关心别人对他们的看法。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，先行词在从句中表示某事发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词；第二空引导名词性从句作主句的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填①why；②that。 56．He seemed to take it for granted he should speak as a representative. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他似乎理所当然地认为他应该作为代表发言。take it for granted that是固定句型，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that从句，故填that。 57．Try to make sense what you see and wonder about makes the universe exist. 【答案】 of what 【详解】考查介词短语和宾语从句。句意：试着理解你所看到的，想知道是什么让宇宙存在。第一空make sense of为固定短语，意为“理解，弄懂”；第二空引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代“什么”用what。故填of；what。 58．There is something wrong with his watch and that is he is sometimes late for class. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他的手表出了点问题，这就是他有时上课迟到的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句为完整的主系表结构，应用连接副词引导，“he is sometimes late for class. ”强调结果，应用why，故答案是why。 59．This is my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 【答案】what 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这就是我父亲教给我的——总是面对困难，抱着最好的希望。空处引导表语从句，引导词作taught的宾语，根据“to always face difficulties and hope for the best”可知，此处是指道理，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 60．We can observe artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我们可以注意到，人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活造成了影响。空格处引导宾语从句，从句结构和意义完整，用that引导宾语从句，observe that...“注意到……”。故填that。 61．In my opinion, matters is whether we can win together as a team instead of individuals. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在我看来，重要的是我们是否可以作为一个团队而不是个人赢得胜利。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个由what引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中作主语。故填what。 62．That’s I left so early. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么我走得这么早。本句为表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why引导，符合句意，故填why。 63．The problem is we can get to replace her. 【答案】who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们能找谁来代替她。“ we can get to replace her”是表语从句。从句谓语动词get后面缺少宾语，结合句意，表示“(我们能找)谁”，应用连接代词who引导表语从句。故填who。 64．After finishing your report, you should always acknowledge you got your data by attaching a list of the websites you got your information from. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：在完成你的报告之后，你应该承认你是如何获得你的数据的，附上你的信息来源的网站列表。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作acknowledge的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，引导词在从句中作方式状语，用how引导该从句。故填how。 65．They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed human ancestors were smarter than the Neanderthals. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他们比现代人强壮得多，但长期以来人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更加聪明。it + be动词 + assumed that...是固定句型，意为“据认为……”，所以此处应填that，that连接主语从句。故填that。 66．The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：大约在下午两点传来通知说会议将被延期。notice为抽象名词，that引导的同位语从句对notice的内容解释说明。 由于此题中同位语从句与其先行词被谓语及时间状语隔开，易误理解为定语从句。故填that。 67．Mr Li says that he is too old and he will retire next month. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：李先生说他太老了，下个月就要退休了。分析可知，本句中“that he is too old and 　　　 he will retire next month.”为宾语从句，并且有and并列，空后的句子成分齐全，句式结构完整。所以此处用从属连词that，故填that。 68．One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：她喜欢城市生活的一个原因是她可以很方便地去商店和餐馆。在表语从句成分和意义都完整，所以应用连接词that。故填that。 69．This is why there is a saying if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这就是有一种说法，如果你想做某件事，让一个忙碌的人去做的原因。分析句子可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明a saying，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用连接词that，无词义，不作成分，仅起引导作用，故填that。 70．Some experts, however, had a feeling it was possible. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：然而，一些专家认为这是可能的。空处引导名词性从句作feeling的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 71．Although repetition helps memory, psychologists doubt it helps long-term memory. 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：虽然重复有助于记忆，但心理学家怀疑它是否有助于长期记忆。动词doubt用于肯定句，此处宾语从句连接词在从句中表示“是否”，应用whether或if引导。故填whether或if。 72．I made it a condition everybody must be on time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我提出了一个条件，每个人都必须准时。句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作成分，只起到引导作用。故填that。 73． we used to see as something impossible is now becoming a reality. （根据句子结构填空） 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们过去认为不可能的事情现在变成了现实。此处是主语从句作主语，从句中缺少引导词，且从句中谓语动词see缺少宾语，指代事物应用what。句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。 74．Air pollution is most Chinese people are concerned about nowadays, because their health is being threatened. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：空气污染是大多数中国人现在关心的问题，因为他们的健康正受到威胁。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，有一定的意义，表示“……的人/事/物”。分析句子结构可知连系动词is后面是名词性从句中的表语从句。再结合句意分析表语从句结构可知，从句引导词在从句中作are concerned about的宾语，且应该有“……的事”的语义，故用连接代词what引导词该表语从句。故填what。 75．As a result,a decision is made to kill the wolves, (ignore) the warning wolves protect the grassland from the invasion of hares,rats and other animals. 【答案】 ignoring that 【详解】考查非谓语动词和同位语从句。句意：因此，杀死狼的决定被做了，无视狼保护草原免受野兔、老鼠和其他动物入侵的警告。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空的动词ignore是前面的句子伴随的结果，用现在分词形式，伴随自然而然的结果；第二个空引导同位语从句，对前面的名词warning内容的解释说明，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填ignoring和that。 76．He had seen the film before. That is he did not see it last night. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他以前看过这部电影。这就是为什么他昨晚没看。本句是is之后的表语从句，从句中不缺少主要成分。根据句意可知，他之前看过这个电影是原因，他昨天没看这个电影是结果，that’s why +某事产生的结果。故填why。 77．I doubt he has the ability to do it well. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连接词。句意：我怀疑他是否有能力做好这件事。本句有两个动词doubt“怀疑”和has“有”，故需要在空格处加上连接词连接宾语从句，根据句意可知，doubt后接whether“是否”引导的宾语从句符合语境。故填whether。 78．I wonder makes this decision and how they come to their conclusion. 【答案】who 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道是谁做出了这个决定，他们是如何得出结论的。空格处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，指人，应用连接代词who引导该从句。故填who。 79．—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am you have made me. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：——看你弄得乱糟糟的，你总是这么懒！——妈妈，这不能怪我。是你让我成这样子的。此处为表语从句，空处在从句中充当make的宾语补足语，故填what。 80．As a new graduate, he doesn’t know it takes to start a business here. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：作为应届毕业的大学生，他不知道在这里创业需要花费什么。分析句子结构和意思可知，it takes to start a business here是及物动词know的宾语从句，从句中缺少及物动词takes的宾语，需要“什么”的意思。故填what。 81．Please identify the words indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：请确认这些词表明什么：命令、请求、能力或可能性。根据空前的动词identify可知，此处为宾语从句，空格处为连接词引导从句，从句中缺少“indicate”的宾语，指物，没有选择范围，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 82．He can well remember happy they were when they found the trees they had planted in the desert made it. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：他清楚地记得，当他们发现自己在沙漠里种的树成活了时，他们有多么高兴。根据句意及分析成分可知，空处引导宾语从句，缺乏“多么”的含义，使用了感叹句语序，突出强调并修饰形容词happy，故用连接副词how。故填how。 83．The reason was I lacked confidence in myself. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：原因是我对自己缺乏信心。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。 84．That is we are looking forward to. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这正是我们所期待的。空格处应填入表语从句的引导词，从句缺少宾语，且指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。 85． you are coming to Beijing is the best news I have heard for a long time. 【答案】That 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你要来北京是我很久以来听到的最好的消息。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导，不可省略。故填That。 86．He works very hard. It is no wonder he won many prizes. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他工作很努力。难怪他赢得了许多奖项。It is no wonder that…为固定短语意为“难怪……”。从句部分句子结构和句意都完整，it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填that。 87． part of the country he will travel to alone this summer holiday needs further discussion. 【答案】Which 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这个暑假他将独自前往该国的哪个地区还需要进一步讨论。分析句子结构，“_______ part of the country he will travel to alone this summer holiday”在整个句中作主语，所以该空填连词，引导主语从句；由句意可知，此处表示“国家的哪个地区”，所以填连接代词which，which part of the country在从句中作宾语；空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Which。 88．It's not clear they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查名词性从句引导词。句意：目前还不清楚他们是否能够通过沟通达成协议。分析句子可知，空格处引导主语从句，it为形式主语，连接词whether“是否”引导从句，符合句意。故填whether 89．I always had doubts he would be the best man for the project, but now I don’t doubt he can do it. 【答案】 whether that 【详解】考查同位语从句和宾语从句。句意：我一直怀疑他是否是这个项目的最佳人选，但现在我不怀疑他能做到。根据①空前的名词doubts和句意可知，①空处引导同位语从句，进一步说明doubts的具体内容，从句应引入一个不确定性的陈述，表示“是否”应用whether引导；根据②空前的动词doubt及句意可知，②空处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用that引导。故填①whether；②that。 90．Some people are born with the belief they are masters of their own while others feel they are at the mercy of others. 【答案】 that that 【详解】考查同位语从句和宾语从句。句意：有些人天生相信自己是自己的主人，而有些人则觉得自己受别人的摆布。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连接词引导的同位语从句对belief解释说明，从句不缺成分且句意完整，所以此处应为连接词that；第二空为连接词引导的宾语从句作feel的宾语，从句中不缺成分且句意完整，所以此处应为连接词that。故填①that ②that。 91．When asked ________ they needed most, the kids said they wanted books. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：当问到他们最需要什么的时候，这些孩子说他们需要书。空处引导的宾语从句“they needed most”作ask的宾语，同时宾语从句缺少宾语，表示“......的东西”，应用what来引导。故填what。 92．The traditional view is we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：传统观点认为，我们睡觉是因为我们的大脑“编程”让我们这样做。根据句子结构，设空处后句意完整，故应用连接代词that引导表语从句。故填that。 93．Lily overslept this morning. That is she was late for work. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：莉莉今早睡过头了。那就是她上班迟到的原因。设空处引导的是表语从句，此处表示“为什么”用why。故填why。 94．We all thought it a pity the conference should have been cancelled. (根据句意填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：会议本该已经取消了的，我们觉得这很可惜。本句是宾语从句，it做形式宾语代指后面的that从句，从句不缺成分，故用that连接。故填that。 95．The most pleasant thing is one can be entirely free from dust. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最令人高兴的事情是，人们可以完全免于灰尘。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分且意思完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 96．It is not clear we can do to improve this situation. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前尚不清楚我们能做些什么来改善这种情况。本句中的It是形式主语，设空处为主语从句的引导词，从句缺少do的宾语，此处指做的事情，应用what引导。故填what。 97．I’ll do I can to help you. 【答案】whatever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意： 我会尽我所能帮助你。空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句中can后面省略了do，所以空处在从句中作省略的do的宾语，表示“无论什么事”，应用whatever来引导，注意虽然no matter what也表示“无论什么事”，但是不能引导宾语从句，故填whatever。 98．We can’t seem to make up our minds we want a modern city or a traditional one. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们似乎无法决定我们想要一座现代化城市还是一座传统城市。根据空后or以及语境可知，这里需用连词whether引导该宾语从句，whether...or...，为固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”，符合语境。故填whether。 99．You can depend on it she will keep her promise and arrive on time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你可以相信她会信守承诺并准时到达。分析句子结构可知，it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是... she will keep her promise and arrive on time，句意和语法成分完整，因此用that引导宾语从句。depend on it that...是固定句型，意为“相信……；指望……”。故填that。 100． we can solve this problem efficiently is the key to the project’s success. 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们如何有效地解决这个问题是该项目成功的关键。空处引导主语从句，从句主要成份完整，但需要“如何”之意，故用连接副词how作引导词。故填How。 试卷第20页，共20页 试卷第19页，共20页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$