专题07 名词-2025-2026普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语复习手册

专题07 名词 一： 知识讲解 根据高二学业水平考试的要求，名词虽然是基础语法点，但其单复数、所有格和词缀转化是必考内容，且是学生容易出错的地方。 以下是对名词考点的系统归纳，以表格形式呈现，并配有例句和重难点分析。 高中学考名词考点归纳总结表 考点分类 规则细项 说明与示例 考查重点与难点 可数名词复数规则变化 一般情况 加 -s。 book → books, bag → bags 牢记词尾发音：清辅音后读 /s/，浊辅音和元音后读 /z/。 以s, x, ch, sh结尾 加 -es，读 /ɪz/。 bus → buses, box → boxes, watch → watches, brush → brushes 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变 y为i，再加 -es。 city → cities, family → families 注意：以“元音字母+y”结尾直接加-s。 boy → boys, day → days 易错点：准确判断词尾是“元音字母+y”还是“辅音字母+y”。 以f或fe结尾 多数变 f/fe为v，再加 -es。 leaf → leaves, knife → knives, wife → wives 常见例外（直接加-s）：roof → roofs, proof → proofs, belief → beliefs 难点：记忆常见的需要变f为v的单词。学考中常考leaf, knife, wolf, thief, life, half等。 以o结尾 1. 有生命的：加 -es potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes, hero → heroes 2. 无生命的：加 -s photo → photos, piano → pianos, radio → radios 3. 两者均可：zero → zeros/zeroes 难点：主要记忆需要加-es的几个常用词：“英雄爱吃土豆西红柿” (hero, potato, tomato)。 可数名词复数不规则变化 内部元音变化 man → men, woman → women, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice 必考点：必须死记硬背，没有规则。注意woman teacher的复数是women teachers。 单复同形 sheep → sheep, deer → deer, fish → fish (表种类时fishes), Chinese → Chinese, Japanese → Japanese 易错点：fish表示不同种类时，可以用fishes。 只有复数形式 clothes, trousers, glasses (眼镜), scissors, thanks, congratulations 重点：这些词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. My trousers are blue. 外来词 analysis → analyses (分析), basis → bases (基础), criterion → criteria (标准), phenomenon → phenomena (现象) 难点：主要在阅读理解中出现，要求能识别。 不可数名词 抽象概念、物质、总称 advice (建议), information (信息), news (新闻), work (工作), furniture (家具), equipment (设备), bread (面包), money (钱) 核心考点： 1. 没有复数形式，不能直接加a/an或数字。 2. 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 错误：a good news, two advices 正确：a piece of good news, two pieces of advice 名词的所有格 's 所有格 用于有生命的名词。 1. 单数名词：'s Jim's book, the child's toy 2. 复数名词：s' (以s结尾的复数) the teachers' office, the students' books 3. 不规则复数：'s the children's room, women's rights 难点1：表示时间、距离、国家、地点等无生命名词也可用's。 e.g. today's newspaper, ten minutes' walk, China's industry 难点2：并列所有格 e.g. This is Tom and Jerry's room. (两人共有的房间) e.g. These are Tom's and Jerry's rooms. (两人各自拥有的房间) of 所有格 用于无生命的名词。 the door of the room, the name of the film 重点：与's所有格互换。 e.g. the car's color = the color of the car 双重所有格 a/an/this/that/some... +名词+of+名词's a friend of my father's (我父亲的一位朋友，暗示他朋友不止一个) this idea of Jim's (吉姆的这么一个主意) 难点：理解其含义，表示“...其中之一”或带有感情色彩。 名词词缀（构词法） 常见名词后缀 -ment: develop → development (发展) -tion/-sion: educate → education (教育), decide → decision (决定) -ness: happy → happiness (幸福), ill → illness (疾病) -er/-or: teach → teacher (老师), act → actor (演员) -ist: science → scientist (科学家), art → artist (艺术家) -ance/-ence: appear → appearance (出现), differ → difference (不同) -ship: friend → friendship (友谊), leader → leadership (领导力) -hood: child → childhood (童年), neighbor → neighborhood (社区) -ity: possible → possibility (可能性), active → activity (活动) 核心考点：词性转换（常在语法填空和短文改错中考查）。要求根据句子成分判断空格处是否需要名词，并正确添加后缀。注意拼写变化（如happy→happiness）。 常见名词前缀 dis-: advantage → disadvantage (缺点), agreement → disagreement (不同意) un-: happiness → unhappiness (不幸福), rest → unrest (动荡) mis-: understanding → misunderstanding (误解), fortune → misfortune (不幸) im-/-in-/-ir-/-il-: patience → impatience (不耐烦), ability → inability (无能) 重点：前缀通常改变词义，但不改变词性。 核心重难点与备考策略 可数名词与不可数名词的辨析 这是最大的难点。必须牢记常见的不可数名词（如advice, information, news, furniture, equipment, bread），并掌握其量化表达：a piece of... (news/advice/information/furniture)。 不规则名词复数的记忆 对于man/men, woman/women, child/children, foot/feet, tooth/teeth, mouse/mice等，必须做到滚瓜烂熟。 所有格的理解与应用 准确运用 's 和 of 所有格。 理解 双重所有格 与普通所有格在含义上的细微差别。 词缀转换的准确性 在语法填空题中，这是高频考点。 解题步骤： 分析句子结构，判断空格处所需的词性（这里是需要名词作主语、宾语还是表语？）。 根据括号内给出的单词，加上正确的前缀或后缀使其变为名词。 注意拼写变化（如happy→ happiness, possible→ possibility）。 二： 习题训练 1．Some of the country's richest grazing lands are in these (valley). (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Now, as you probably know, (glacier) generally move really slowly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．You mustn’t go walking about in (corridor) and listening. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．When they reached the bush with the red berries, they found the (reindeer) waiting for them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The government is making new rules to fight online (pirate).  (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．Trees and (bush) grew down to the water's edge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．One of the most famous (aquarium) is in Monterey, California. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．The tourist guide contains details of no less than 115 hiking (route). (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．My job as a (journal) is to expose the truth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．By 1 July, infections had been confirmed in 120 countries and (territory). (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．I couldn’t reach the (pedal) on her bike. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The (lung) are in fact constructed of thousands of tiny tubes.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．I do like this campus: all the big trees, the green lawns, and the old buildings with tall (column). (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．The pizza (edge) were dark, but the middle wasn’t bad. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．One movie is classified as pure art, the other as (entertain). (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．There are nine bedrooms, a coach house, a farmhouse, five (cottage) and farmland. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．It was full of brightly coloured flowers and (fountain). (所给词的适当形式填空) 18． (theme) can be ideas like family, friendship, love and so on. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite for excitement and (amuse). (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．Both snow (leopard) and tigers are among the world’s most endangered big cats. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21． (fashion) in art and literature come and go. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．I like listening to the radio when I’m doing the (iron). (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．Some people collect baseball cards, (teapot), or seashells. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．I heard only too well the calm, easy (tone) in the attendant’s reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Here soldiers with (bow) and arrows were left to defend the Wall. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．You could paint the walls and (ceiling) the same colour so they blend together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27． (gesture) have been used to replace words in many countries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28．People can sometimes make (inference) based on previous knowledge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 29．Even though we lost the big game, we will keep our (chin) up because we tried our best. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow (cheek). (所给词的适当形式填空) 31．What more could an (educate) hope for than a student's desire to learn. (所给词的适当形式填空) 32．She spent two years conducting (trial) to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．The result shows that the injured parts of athletes are knees, ankles, and (waist). (所给词的适当形式填空) 34．By (compare), only 17% of the guests helped. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．Now it appears that (fake) are taking off in the rich world too. (所给词的适当形式填空) 36． (witness) to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．The two countries are going to meet to break down some (barrier) to trade between them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．Unusual (incident) are being reported across the Arctic. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．Both (tendency) are likely to increase under the new rules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．Social progress is normally a matter of struggles and (conflict). (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．The people on the islands had tattoos on their shoulders, (chest), backs and legs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．My wife gave birth to (twin) yesterday! (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．She just managed to hold back her (angry). (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．His job is to record how (politician) vote on major issues. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．Viruses can doubtless do great damage under some (circumstance). (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．Over the years I've come to the (conclude) that she's a very great musician. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．As a (novel), I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48．Peter received his (doctor) in computer science from the Technical University Aachen, Germany. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49．We’re trying to establish links between these groups and financial (institution). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50． (patent) are meant to protect the chances of inventors to make money from their creations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．He became internationally famous for his (novel). (所给词的适当形式填空) 52．Most college (professor) agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53．All (substance), whether they are gas, liquid or solid, are made of atoms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54．Over the years several similar (theory) have been put forward. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55．The (Swiss) tend to be formal and address each other by last name. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56．This decision could have serious (consequence) for the industry. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57．Although there is a connection, there is also a (distinct). (所给词的适当形式填空) 58．My colleague mentioned how the theory of (relative) completely changed the field of physics. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59．There are few people who may be described as (genius). (所给词的适当形式填空) 60．Each nation has its own (peculiarity) when it comes to doing business. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61．Electrical (device) for outdoor use are not expensive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62．They are made up of ice and other frozen (liquid) and gases. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63．On homework, you can use these (formula). (所给词的适当形式填空) 64．Are flow (chart) identifying each step in the process? (所给词的适当形式填空) 65．There is a close connection between the two (extract). (所给词的适当形式填空) 66．We disagree with most of these confusing (analysis). (所给词的适当形式填空) 67．The movie is a faithful (adapt) of the classic novel, preserving most of the original plot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68．The tech (consult) helped the firm upgrade its cyber-security system. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69．Shirt (collar) will easily turn yellow from sweat in summer.(所给词的适当形式填空) 70．Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, (desert) and plains.(所给词的适当形式填空) 71．Keep your store (receipt) and product tags for at least two months.(所给词的适当形式填空) 72．You neglected to mention the name of your previous (employ). (所给词的适当形式填空) 73．The bank manager is said to have issued fake (certificate).(所给词的适当形式填空) 74．He was arrested by plainclothes (detective) as he walked through the customs hall.(所给词的适当形式填空) 75．They clean (cage), play with the animals, feed and bathe the pets and take the dogs for walks.(所给词的适当形式填空) 76．I think on average (accountant) are considered to be budget-conscious people.(所给词的适当形式填空) 77．How do you think your (proficient) in written and spoken English?(所给词的适当形式填空) 78．There seems to be less concern about differences in age, with many (bridegroom) in their 50s or 60s or even 70s.(所给词的适当形式填空) 79．Once he got there, he started to have meetings with a man called Jim Clark, who was one of the Valley’s most famous (entrepreneur).(所给词的适当形式填空) 80．In fact, it’s not one canal, but a system of (canal) and rivers linked together.(所给词的适当形式填空) 81．I will then come to a (conclude) based on what I have learnt.(所给词的适当形式填空) 82．So far, (participant) have ranged in age from 2 to 85.(所给词的适当形式填空) 83．All babies in the hospital have name bands on their (wrist).(所给词的适当形式填空) 84．A Washington newspaper published comparative (profile) of the candidates’ wives.(所给词的适当形式填空) 85．Then suddenly everyone was reaching into pockets and (purse) to collect money. (所给词的适当形式填空) 86．They use (camel) for carrying water, food, tents and something else.(所给词的适当形式填空) 87．Most postdoctoral work is funded by various research (council).(所给词的适当形式填空) 88．He firmly believes liberty is inseparable from social (just). (所给词的适当形式填空) 89．We will take your personal (aptitude) and abilities into account.(所给词的适当形式填空) 90．However, if you go to see lions, tigers or (fox) during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep.(所给词的适当形式填空) 91．The bedroom furniture has beds, a dresser with a mirror and a chest of (drawer).(所给词的适当形式填空) 92．It is important that the hotel (reception) has made sure that guests are registered correctly.(所给词的适当形式填空) 93．New payment methods such as quick response (code) have become popular too.(所给词的适当形式填空) 94．I need to pay off all my (debt) before I leave the country.(所给词的适当形式填空) 95．It is a job that requires attention, cooperation and (dedicate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 96．Everything in the computer's memory can be copied onto (disk).(所给词的适当形式填空) 97．They are committed (socialist).(所给词的适当形式填空) 98．My wife and I are not real estate (agent). We are strictly investors.(所给词的适当形式填空) 99．After months of sending out (resume), you finally break into the working world.(所给词的适当形式填空) 100．She thinks you are all (spy) for her husband.(所给词的适当形式填空) 试卷第18页，共19页 试卷第19页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 名词 一： 知识讲解 根据高二学业水平考试的要求，名词虽然是基础语法点，但其单复数、所有格和词缀转化是必考内容，且是学生容易出错的地方。 以下是对名词考点的系统归纳，以表格形式呈现，并配有例句和重难点分析。 高中学考名词考点归纳总结表 考点分类 规则细项 说明与示例 考查重点与难点 可数名词复数规则变化 一般情况 加 -s。 book → books, bag → bags 牢记词尾发音：清辅音后读 /s/，浊辅音和元音后读 /z/。 以s, x, ch, sh结尾 加 -es，读 /ɪz/。 bus → buses, box → boxes, watch → watches, brush → brushes 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变 y为i，再加 -es。 city → cities, family → families 注意：以“元音字母+y”结尾直接加-s。 boy → boys, day → days 易错点：准确判断词尾是“元音字母+y”还是“辅音字母+y”。 以f或fe结尾 多数变 f/fe为v，再加 -es。 leaf → leaves, knife → knives, wife → wives 常见例外（直接加-s）：roof → roofs, proof → proofs, belief → beliefs 难点：记忆常见的需要变f为v的单词。学考中常考leaf, knife, wolf, thief, life, half等。 以o结尾 1. 有生命的：加 -es potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes, hero → heroes 2. 无生命的：加 -s photo → photos, piano → pianos, radio → radios 3. 两者均可：zero → zeros/zeroes 难点：主要记忆需要加-es的几个常用词：“英雄爱吃土豆西红柿” (hero, potato, tomato)。 可数名词复数不规则变化 内部元音变化 man → men, woman → women, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice 必考点：必须死记硬背，没有规则。注意woman teacher的复数是women teachers。 单复同形 sheep → sheep, deer → deer, fish → fish (表种类时fishes), Chinese → Chinese, Japanese → Japanese 易错点：fish表示不同种类时，可以用fishes。 只有复数形式 clothes, trousers, glasses (眼镜), scissors, thanks, congratulations 重点：这些词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. My trousers are blue. 外来词 analysis → analyses (分析), basis → bases (基础), criterion → criteria (标准), phenomenon → phenomena (现象) 难点：主要在阅读理解中出现，要求能识别。 不可数名词 抽象概念、物质、总称 advice (建议), information (信息), news (新闻), work (工作), furniture (家具), equipment (设备), bread (面包), money (钱) 核心考点： 1. 没有复数形式，不能直接加a/an或数字。 2. 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 错误：a good news, two advices 正确：a piece of good news, two pieces of advice 名词的所有格 's 所有格 用于有生命的名词。 1. 单数名词：'s Jim's book, the child's toy 2. 复数名词：s' (以s结尾的复数) the teachers' office, the students' books 3. 不规则复数：'s the children's room, women's rights 难点1：表示时间、距离、国家、地点等无生命名词也可用's。 e.g. today's newspaper, ten minutes' walk, China's industry 难点2：并列所有格 e.g. This is Tom and Jerry's room. (两人共有的房间) e.g. These are Tom's and Jerry's rooms. (两人各自拥有的房间) of 所有格 用于无生命的名词。 the door of the room, the name of the film 重点：与's所有格互换。 e.g. the car's color = the color of the car 双重所有格 a/an/this/that/some... +名词+of+名词's a friend of my father's (我父亲的一位朋友，暗示他朋友不止一个) this idea of Jim's (吉姆的这么一个主意) 难点：理解其含义，表示“...其中之一”或带有感情色彩。 名词词缀（构词法） 常见名词后缀 -ment: develop → development (发展) -tion/-sion: educate → education (教育), decide → decision (决定) -ness: happy → happiness (幸福), ill → illness (疾病) -er/-or: teach → teacher (老师), act → actor (演员) -ist: science → scientist (科学家), art → artist (艺术家) -ance/-ence: appear → appearance (出现), differ → difference (不同) -ship: friend → friendship (友谊), leader → leadership (领导力) -hood: child → childhood (童年), neighbor → neighborhood (社区) -ity: possible → possibility (可能性), active → activity (活动) 核心考点：词性转换（常在语法填空和短文改错中考查）。要求根据句子成分判断空格处是否需要名词，并正确添加后缀。注意拼写变化（如happy→happiness）。 常见名词前缀 dis-: advantage → disadvantage (缺点), agreement → disagreement (不同意) un-: happiness → unhappiness (不幸福), rest → unrest (动荡) mis-: understanding → misunderstanding (误解), fortune → misfortune (不幸) im-/-in-/-ir-/-il-: patience → impatience (不耐烦), ability → inability (无能) 重点：前缀通常改变词义，但不改变词性。 核心重难点与备考策略 可数名词与不可数名词的辨析 这是最大的难点。必须牢记常见的不可数名词（如advice, information, news, furniture, equipment, bread），并掌握其量化表达：a piece of... (news/advice/information/furniture)。 不规则名词复数的记忆 对于man/men, woman/women, child/children, foot/feet, tooth/teeth, mouse/mice等，必须做到滚瓜烂熟。 所有格的理解与应用 准确运用 's 和 of 所有格。 理解 双重所有格 与普通所有格在含义上的细微差别。 词缀转换的准确性 在语法填空题中，这是高频考点。 解题步骤： 分析句子结构，判断空格处所需的词性（这里是需要名词作主语、宾语还是表语？）。 根据括号内给出的单词，加上正确的前缀或后缀使其变为名词。 注意拼写变化（如happy→ happiness, possible→ possibility）。 二： 习题训练 1．Some of the country's richest grazing lands are in these (valley). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】valleys 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：该国一些最肥沃的牧场就分布在这些山谷之中。根据空格前的these可知，空格处应该用名词的复数形式。故填valleys。 2．Now, as you probably know, (glacier) generally move really slowly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】glaciers 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：现在，想必你也知道，冰川的移动速度通常非常缓慢。空处作主语，需填名词，后文动词move为原形，可知主语用复数。故填glaciers。 3．You mustn’t go walking about in (corridor) and listening. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】corridors 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：你不能在走廊里走来走去听东西。corridor为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，故用名词复数形式，作宾语。故填corridors。 4．When they reached the bush with the red berries, they found the (reindeer) waiting for them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reindeer 【详解】考查名词。句意：当他们来到那片长有红色浆果的灌木丛时，发现驯鹿正等着他们。根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式reindeer作宾语，且reindeer是单复数同形的名词。故填reindeer。 5．The government is making new rules to fight online (pirate).  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pirates 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府正在制定新的规则来打击网络盗版者。可数名词pirate作宾语，意为“盗版者”，结合常识，盗版者不止一个，应用复数形式pirates表泛指。故填pirates。 6．Trees and (bush) grew down to the water's edge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bushes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：树木和灌木一直长到了水边。根据上文Trees可知用复数形式作并列主语。故填bushes。 7．One of the most famous (aquarium) is in Monterey, California. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】aquariums 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：最著名的水族馆之一位于加利福尼亚州的蒙特雷。aquarium“水族馆”为可数名词，根据one of+可数名词复数可知，空处应用其复数形式。故填aquariums。 8．The tourist guide contains details of no less than 115 hiking (route). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】routes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这份旅游指南包含了至少115条徒步旅行路线的相关信息。根据上文115可知数量大于一用复数形式。故填routes。 9．My job as a (journal) is to expose the truth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】journalist 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为记者，我的工作是揭露真相。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填可数名词的单数形式，作介词as的宾语。所给词journal是名词，意为“日记；期刊”，另一名词形式journalist意为“记者” ，符合揭露真相的工作。故填journalist。 10．By 1 July, infections had been confirmed in 120 countries and (territory). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】territories 【详解】考查名词。句意：截至7月1日，120 个国家和地区已确认出现感染病例。空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，与countries并列，应填名词复数形式，territory的复数是territories。作宾语。故填territories。 11．I couldn’t reach the (pedal) on her bike. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pedals 【详解】考查名词。句意：我够不到她自行车上的踏板。可数名词pedal作宾语，意为“踏板”，自行车通常有两个踏板，用复数形式。故填pedals。 12．The (lung) are in fact constructed of thousands of tiny tubes.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lungs 【详解】考查名词。句意：事实上，肺是由数千个微小的管道构成的。名词lung(肺)在句中作主语，结合系动词“are”可知，主语用复数表泛指。故填lungs。 13．I do like this campus: all the big trees, the green lawns, and the old buildings with tall (column). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】columns 【详解】考查名词。句意：我很喜欢这个校园：所有的大树，绿色的草坪，还有那些有高高的柱子的老建筑。设空处为with的宾语，应用名词column，可数名词，根据“the old buildings”可知不止一个柱子，应用复数，故填columns。 14．The pizza (edge) were dark, but the middle wasn’t bad. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】edges 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：披萨的边缘是深色的，但中间还不错。edge为可数名词，根据空后were可知，空处应用名词复数形式，作句子主语。故填edges。 15．One movie is classified as pure art, the other as (entertain). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】entertainment 【详解】考查名词。句意：一部电影被归类为纯艺术，另一部则被归类为娱乐（作品）。分析句子结构可知，as在此处为介词，后需接名词作宾语；entertainment，意为“娱乐”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填entertainment。 16．There are nine bedrooms, a coach house, a farmhouse, five (cottage) and farmland. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cottages 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这里有九间卧室、一座马车房、一栋农舍、五座小屋以及一片农田。cottage“小屋”是可数名词，被基数词five修饰，应用其复数形式。故填cottages。 17．It was full of brightly coloured flowers and (fountain). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fountains 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这里到处都是色彩鲜艳的花朵和喷泉。fountain为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，故用名词复数形式，与flowers并列，作宾语。故填fountains。 18． (theme) can be ideas like family, friendship, love and so on. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Themes 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：主题可以是家庭、友谊、爱情等想法。theme为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，故用名词复数形式作句子主语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Themes。 19．He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite for excitement and (amuse). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】amusement 【详解】考查名词。句意：他花了很多钱来满足自己对刺激和娱乐的渴望。根据空前的并列连词and可知，此空应用名词与excitement (刺激)构成并列关系。所给词amuse是动词，意为“使娱乐；使发笑”，其名词形式为amusement，是不可数名词，意为“娱乐”。excitement and amusement作介词for的宾语。故填amusement。 20．Both snow (leopard) and tigers are among the world’s most endangered big cats. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】leopards 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：雪豹和老虎都是世界上最濒危的大型猫科动物。leopard为可数名词，空处应用名词复数形式，与空后的tigers并列，作句子主语。故填leopards。 21． (fashion) in art and literature come and go. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Fashions 【详解】考查名词。句意：艺术和文学领域的潮流来来去去。“fashion”作“潮流，时尚”讲时，为可数名词。根据句中come and go可知，主语应用复数形式。首字母大写。故填Fashions。 22．I like listening to the radio when I’m doing the (iron). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ironing 【详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢在熨衣服的时候听收音机。根据空前定冠词the可知，空处应用名词ironing作宾语，do the ironing表示“熨衣服”。故填ironing。 23．Some people collect baseball cards, (teapot), or seashells. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】teapots 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：有些人会收集棒球卡、茶壶或者贝壳。根据上文cards以及seashells可知用名词复数作宾语。故填teapots。 24．I heard only too well the calm, easy (tone) in the attendant’s reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】tones 【详解】考查名词。句意：我非常清楚地听到了服务员回答时那种平静、从容的语气。根据空前的the calm, easy可知，空处需用名词形式作宾语；tone为可数名词，此处指服务员回答时平静、从容的语气，用复数形式。故填tones。 25．Here soldiers with (bow) and arrows were left to defend the Wall. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bows 【详解】考查名词。句意：在这里，手持弓箭的士兵们被留下来守卫城墙。根据空前with及空后arrows可知，空处需与arrows保持单复数一致，共同作with的宾语；bow为可数名词，其复数形式为bows，意为“弓”。故填bows。 26．You could paint the walls and (ceiling) the same colour so they blend together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ceilings 【详解】考查名词。句意：你可以把墙壁和天花板涂成同样的颜色，这样它们就能融合在一起。设空处为名词作宾语，和walls并列，应用名词复数形式，故填ceilings。 27． (gesture) have been used to replace words in many countries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Gestures 【详解】考查名词。句意：在许多国家，手势已被用来代替言语。空处是句子的主语，结合have been used可知，主语表示复数意义，应用名词gesture的复数形式，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Gestures。 28．People can sometimes make (inference) based on previous knowledge. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inferences 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：人们有时可以根据以往的知识做出推断。根据“make (做出，动词)”可知，此空应用名词作宾语。所给词inference为可数名词，意为“推断；推论”。根据“people (人们)”及“sometimes (有时)”可知，此处表示多个推断，应用复数形式inferences。make inferences是常用搭配，意为“做出推断”。故填inferences。 29．Even though we lost the big game, we will keep our (chin) up because we tried our best. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】chins 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：尽管我们输掉了这场重要比赛，但我们会振作起来，因为我们已经尽力了。keep one’s chin up是固定短语，意为“不气馁，振作起来”。句中主语we表示复数概念，对应的our后应接名词复数形式，因此应使用复数形式 chins作宾语。故填chins。 30．He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow (cheek). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cheeks 【详解】考查名词。句意：他看上去很年轻，皮肤黝黑，五官轮廓分明，双颊凹陷。设空处作宾语，应用名词cheek“脸颊”，表示两侧脸颊，应用复数形式，故填cheeks。 31．What more could an (educate) hope for than a student's desire to learn. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】educator 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于一名教育工作者来说，还有什么比学生的学习渴望更值得期待呢？根据空前an可知，空处需用可数名词的单数形式；educate的表示人的名词形式为educator作主语。故填educator。 32．She spent two years conducting (trial) to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】trials 【详解】考查名词。句意：她花了两年时间做实验，想找到一个既美味又对牙齿有益的食谱。根据空前conducting可知，空处需用名词形式作宾语；trial为可数名词，需用复数形式trials，表示“多次实验行为”。故填trials。 33．The result shows that the injured parts of athletes are knees, ankles, and (waist). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】waists 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：结果表明，运动员的受伤部位主要是膝盖、脚踝和腰部。空处和上文knees，ankles并列作表语，结合athletes可知，名词waist应用复数形式。故填waists。 34．By (compare), only 17% of the guests helped. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查名词。句意：相比之下，只有17%的客人提供了帮助。根据空前的介词By可知，空处需用名词形式comparison，构成固定短语by comparison。故填comparison。 35．Now it appears that (fake) are taking off in the rich world too. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fakes 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在看来，假货在富裕国家也开始流行起来。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作主语，结合句意“假货”，且be动词为are，可知应用复数形式fakes，符合语境。故填fakes。 36． (witness) to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Witnesses 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：坠机的目击者说，他们在灾难发生前看到了一次爆炸。空处作主句的主语，结合“say”或“they”可知，可数名词witness“目击者”应用复数形式，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Witnesses。 37．The two countries are going to meet to break down some (barrier) to trade between them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】barriers 【详解】考查名词。句意：这两个国家将举行会谈，以消除两国之间的一些贸易壁垒。设空处为宾语，应用名词barrier，前面有some修饰，应用复数形式，故填barriers。 38．Unusual (incident) are being reported across the Arctic. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】incidents 【详解】考查名词。句意：北极各地都有不寻常事件的报道。根据空后are可知，空处主语需为可数名词的复数形式；incident为可数名词，其复数形式为incidents，与are在主谓一致上保持匹配。故填incidents。 39．Both (tendency) are likely to increase under the new rules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】tendencies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在新规定下，这两种趋势都可能增加。空处作主语，且被both修饰，应用名词tendency的复数形式tendencies。故填tendencies。 40．Social progress is normally a matter of struggles and (conflict). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】conflicts 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：社会进步通常是一场充满斗争与冲突的过程。根据空前struggles and可知，空处需与struggles保持词性和单复数一致，struggles为可数名词复数，因此空处也应用可数名词复数形式；conflict的复数形式为conflicts。故填conflicts。 41．The people on the islands had tattoos on their shoulders, (chest), backs and legs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】chests 【详解】考查名词。句意：岛上的居民在肩膀、胸部、背部和腿部都有纹身。shoulders，chests，backs和legs并列作介词on的宾语，根据句意，此处用复数，符合语境，故填chests。 42．My wife gave birth to (twin) yesterday! (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】twins 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我妻子昨天生了一对双胞胎！twin意为“双胞胎之一”，通常以复数形式twins出现，指代“双胞胎两人”。结合语境“gave birth to”及常识，生下双胞胎应用复数形式，在句中作宾语。故填twins。 43．She just managed to hold back her (angry). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】anger 【详解】考查名词。句意：她强忍心中的怒火。空处作hold back的宾语，被her修饰，应用angry的名词形式anger，意为“怒气，怒火”，是不可数名词。故填anger。 44．His job is to record how (politician) vote on major issues. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】politicians 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他的工作是记录政治家在重大问题上的投票情况。空处作宾语从句的主语，根据谓语动词vote可知，主语应用复数形式。故填politicians。 45．Viruses can doubtless do great damage under some (circumstance). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】circumstances 【详解】考查名词。句意：在某些情况下，病毒无疑会造成巨大的破坏。circumstance为可数名词，根据句中some可知，空格处应用复数形式circumstances，作介词under的宾语。故填circumstances。 46．Over the years I've come to the (conclude) that she's a very great musician. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些年来，我得出结论：她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，且“come to the + 名词”为固定短语，设空处应填名词形式，conclude的名词是conclusion。故填conclusion。 47．As a (novel), I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】novelist 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名小说家，我与图书馆建立了新的关系。根据句中I’ve found a new relationship可知，“我是一名小说家”，空格处应用名词novelist，作As的宾语，根据a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填novelist。 48．Peter received his (doctor) in computer science from the Technical University Aachen, Germany. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】doctorate 【详解】考查名词。句意：彼得在德国亚琛工业大学获得了计算机科学博士学位。空格处应填入名词作宾语，所给词doctor为名词，意为“医生”，根据句意和空格前的“his”以及后文的“in computer science”可知，此处应表示“博士学位”，因此应用doctor的派生名词doctorate作宾语，意为“博士学位”。故填doctorate。 49．We’re trying to establish links between these groups and financial (institution). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】institutions 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们正努力在这些团体和金融机构之间建立联系。根据句中groups可知，此处表示在这些团体和金融机构之间建立联系，institution意为“机构”，为可数名词，空处应使用复数形式institutions，表示不止一个金融机构。故填institutions。 50． (patent) are meant to protect the chances of inventors to make money from their creations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Patents 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：专利是用来保护发明者从他们的发明中赚钱的机会的。空格处应填入名词作主语，所给词patent为可数名词，意为“专利”，根据句意和谓语动词“are”可知，此处表示“专利（这一类别的事物）”，应用复数形式泛指多个专利，句首单词首字母大写，故填Patents。 51．He became internationally famous for his (novel). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】novels 【详解】考查名词。句意：他因其小说而闻名于世。空处作介词for的宾语，且表示多部小说，应用名词novel的复数形式novels。故填novels。 52．Most college (professor) agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】professors 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：大多数大学教授都认为，他们选择的考试类型在很大程度上取决于所教授的科目。空格处应填入名词作主语，所给词professor为可数名词，意为“教授”，根据句意和空格前的“Most”可知，此处表示“大多数教授”，因此应用复数形式。故填professors。 53．All (substance), whether they are gas, liquid or solid, are made of atoms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】substances 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有物质，无论它们是气体、液体还是固体，都是由原子构成的。设空处作主语，根据whether they are gas, liquid or solid以及句意可知，设空处为名词substance“物质”，为可数名词，在句中表复数概念，All后接可数名词复数，substance的复数是substances。故填 substances。 54．Over the years several similar (theory) have been put forward. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】theories 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：多年来，人们提出了几个类似的理论。根据句中several可知，空处应用名词复数theories，作主语，表示“理论”。故填theories。 55．The (Swiss) tend to be formal and address each other by last name. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Swiss 【详解】考查名词。句意：瑞士人往往很正式，并以姓氏称呼对方。根据句意可知，空格处应填入表示“瑞士人”的名词作主语。句子中谓语动词tend为原形，表明主语是复数形式，但Swiss作为“瑞士人”解时单复数同形，所以直接填入Swiss即可。故填Swiss。 56．This decision could have serious (consequence) for the industry. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consequences 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这一决定可能对该行业产生严重后果。consequence“后果”是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填consequences。 57．Although there is a connection, there is also a (distinct). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然有联系，但也有区别。空处用于不定冠词a之后，应使用distinct的名词形式distinction“区别，不同”，在there be句型中作主语。故填distinction。 58．My colleague mentioned how the theory of (relative) completely changed the field of physics. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】relativity 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的同事提到相对论如何彻底改变了物理学领域。空处应用名词relativity作介词of的宾语，表示“相对论”，为不可数名词。故填relativity。 59．There are few people who may be described as (genius). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】geniuses 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：很少有人能被称为天才。空格处应填入名词作宾语，所给词genius为可数名词，意为“天才”，根据句意和空格前的“few people”可知，此处表示“很少有人能被称为天才”，空格处应填入genius的复数形式geniuses，作宾语。故填geniuses。 60．Each nation has its own (peculiarity) when it comes to doing business. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】peculiarities 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：每个国家在做生意方面都有自己的特点。peculiarity作“特性；特点”讲，是可数名词。由“Each nation has its own...”可知，这里指每个国家做生意都有各自的特点，应用复数形式作宾语。故填peculiarities。 61．Electrical (device) for outdoor use are not expensive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】devices 【详解】考查名词。句意：户外用电设备并不贵。设空处作主语，根据后面的“are”可知，主语应为复数形式，device的复数是devices。故填devices。 62．They are made up of ice and other frozen (liquid) and gases. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】liquids 【详解】考查名词。句意：它们由冰和其他冷冻液体和气体组成。空处和gases并列，应用名词形式，liquid表示“液体”时为可数名词，由other可知，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填liquids。 63．On homework, you can use these (formula). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】formulas 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在作业方面，你可以使用这些公式。根据空前的限定词these可知，空格处需填可数名词的复数形式作宾语。故填formulas。 64．Are flow (chart) identifying each step in the process? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】charts 【详解】考查名词。句意：流程图是否标识了过程中的每个步骤？设空处为主语，应用名词chart，flow chart意为“流程图”，符合句意，和are保持一致，应用复数形式，故填charts。 65．There is a close connection between the two (extract). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】extracts 【详解】考查名词。句意：这两段摘录之间有密切的联系。空处应填名词作between的宾语，extract“摘录”是可数名词，由two可知应用复数形式。故填extracts。 66．We disagree with most of these confusing (analysis). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】analyses 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我们不同意这些令人困惑的分析中的大部分。空格处应填入名词作宾语，所给词“analysis”为可数名词，意为“分析”，根据句意和空格前的“most of these”可知，此处表示“这些分析中的大部分”，应用复数形式analyses。故填analyses。 67．The movie is a faithful (adapt) of the classic novel, preserving most of the original plot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影是对这部经典小说的忠实改编，保留了原著的大部分情节。根据空前形容词faithful可知，空处需填名词，作表语，所给词adapt为动词，意为“改编”，其对应的名词形式为adaptation，意为 “改编本”，是可数名词，根据空前不定冠词a可知，空处需用名词单数形式。故填adaptation。 68．The tech (consult) helped the firm upgrade its cyber-security system. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consultant 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位技术顾问帮助公司升级了网络安全系统。consult是动词，意为“咨询；请教”，这里需要一个名词作主语，表示“技术顾问”，且为单数意义，consultant为名词，意为“顾问”。故填consultant。 69．Shirt (collar) will easily turn yellow from sweat in summer.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】collars 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：夏天衬衫领子很容易因汗水变黄。collar“领子”，不止一个衬衫的领子，故应用其复数形式，作主语。故填collars。 70．Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, (desert) and plains.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】deserts 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：想想这个国家的众多地理特征：山脉、陡坡、湿地、河流、沙漠和平原。此处与mountains，steep grades，wetlands，rivers和plains并列，应填名词desert“沙漠”，此处指不止一个沙漠，用复数形式deserts。故填deserts。 71．Keep your store (receipt) and product tags for at least two months.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】receipts 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：请将您的商店收据和产品标签至少保存两个月。receipt意为“收据”，是可数名词，根据语境可知，与 product tags并列，这里不止一张收据，应用复数形式作宾语。故填receipts。 72．You neglected to mention the name of your previous (employ). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】employer 【详解】考查名词。句意：你忘了提及你前雇主的姓名。设空处作介词of的宾语，结合句意及name可知用名词employer“雇主”，此处特指前雇主，用单数形式。故填employer。 73．The bank manager is said to have issued fake (certificate).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】certificates 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：据说这位银行经理签发了假证件。certificate“证件”为可数名词，此处表示不止一个证件，应用其复数形式certificates，作have issued的宾语。故填certificates。 74．He was arrested by plainclothes (detective) as he walked through the customs hall.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】detectives 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：当他穿过海关大厅时，被便衣侦探逮捕了。detective意为“侦探”，是可数名词，根据语境可知，这里不止一个侦探，应用复数形式作宾语。故填detectives。 75．They clean (cage), play with the animals, feed and bathe the pets and take the dogs for walks.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cages 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们打扫笼子，与动物玩耍，给宠物喂食、洗澡，并带狗出去散步。空处作clean的宾语，表示泛指，用名词复数，cage的复数形式为cages。故填cages。 76．I think on average (accountant) are considered to be budget-conscious people.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】accountants 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我认为一般来说，会计被认为是有预算意识的人。根据空后系动词“are”可知，此处宾语从句主语需用复数形式，accountant意为“会计”，其复数形式是accountants。故填accountants。 77．How do you think your (proficient) in written and spoken English?(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】proficiency 【详解】考查名词。句意：你认为你在英语书面语和口语方面的熟练程度如何？proficient是形容词，意为“熟练的，精通的”，这里需要名词形式proficiency，意为“熟练；精通”作宾语。故填proficiency。 78．There seems to be less concern about differences in age, with many (bridegroom) in their 50s or 60s or even 70s.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bridegrooms 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：人们对年龄差异的担忧似乎更少了，许多新郎都是50多岁、60多岁甚至70多岁。bridegroom“新郎”为可数名词，空前有many修饰，应用其复数形式bridegrooms，作with的宾语。故填bridegrooms。 79．Once he got there, he started to have meetings with a man called Jim Clark, who was one of the Valley’s most famous (entrepreneur).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】entrepreneurs 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：一到那儿，他就开始与一位名叫吉姆·克拉克的人会面，这个人是硅谷最著名的企业家之一。“one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”。“entrepreneur”是可数名词，意为“企业家”。所以这里要用复数形式“entrepreneurs”。故填entrepreneurs。 80．In fact, it’s not one canal, but a system of (canal) and rivers linked together.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】canals 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：事实上，它不是一条运河，而是一个由运河和河流连接而成的系统。分析句子结构可知，“a system of”后接可数名词复数，表“一套……系统”；canal(运河)为可数名词，其复数形式直接在词尾加s，且与后文rivers构成并列关系，符合语境。故填canals。 81．I will then come to a (conclude) based on what I have learnt.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：然后我将根据所学内容得出结论。come to a conclusion是固定短语，意为“得出结论”。conclusion在句中作come to的宾语。故填conclusion。 82．So far, (participant) have ranged in age from 2 to 85.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】participants 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：到目前为止，参与者的年龄从2岁到85岁不等。根据空后谓语动词“have ranged”可知，主语需用名词复数形式，participant意为“参与者”，其复数形式是participants。故填participants。 83．All babies in the hospital have name bands on their (wrist).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】wrists 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：医院里所有的婴儿手腕上都有姓名手环。空格前有形容词性物主代词修饰，且主语“All babies”（所有婴儿）为复数，此处需用名词复数形式表示“（多个婴儿的）手腕”，wrist意为“手腕”，为可数名词，其复数形式为wrists。作宾语。故填wrists。 84．A Washington newspaper published comparative (profile) of the candidates’ wives.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】profiles 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：华盛顿一家报社刊登了各位候选人妻子的对比简介。profile“简介”是可数名词，此处作published的宾语，根据下文“the candidates’ wives”可知，简介不止一份，profile应用复数形式。故填profiles。 85．Then suddenly everyone was reaching into pockets and (purse) to collect money. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】purses 【详解】考查名词。句意：然后，突然所有人都把手伸到口袋和钱包里凑钱。句中pockets (口袋，可数名词的复数形式)与空处是并列结构，都作介词into的宾语。purse是可数名词，也应用复数形式purses，前后保持一致。故填purses。 86．They use (camel) for carrying water, food, tents and something else.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】camels 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们用骆驼驮水、食物、帐篷和其他东西。空处作use的宾语，此处表示泛指，不止一只骆驼，用camel的复数形式camels。故填camels。 87．Most postdoctoral work is funded by various research (council).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】councils 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：大多数博士后工作由各种研究委员会资助。council意为“委员会”，是可数名词，根据“various”可知，表示“各种研究委员会”，此处应用名词复数形式councils作宾语。故填councils。 88．He firmly believes liberty is inseparable from social (just). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】justice 【详解】考查名词。句意：他坚信自由与社会正义密不可分。空处作宾语，需填名词，just是形容词，意为“公正的；公平的”，名词形式为justice，是不可数名词，意为“正义；公正”。故填justice。 89．We will take your personal (aptitude) and abilities into account.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】aptitudes 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们会考虑你的个人才能和能力。本空作take的宾语，应用名词aptitude“才能，天赋”，用复数形式，表示不止一项才能，与abilities并列，故填aptitudes。 90．However, if you go to see lions, tigers or (fox) during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】foxes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：然而，如果你在白天去看狮子、老虎或狐狸，它们可能正在睡觉。fox意为“狐狸”，是可数名词，根据前文“lions, tigers”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，与前面的名词并列作宾语。故填foxes。 91．The bedroom furniture has beds, a dresser with a mirror and a chest of (drawer).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】drawers 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：卧室里有几张床，一个带镜子的梳妆台和一个五斗橱。drawer“抽屉”是可数名词，a chest of drawers“五斗柜”是固定搭配。故填drawers。 92．It is important that the hotel (reception) has made sure that guests are registered correctly.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】receptionist 【详解】考查名词。句意：酒店接待员务必确保客人正确登记，这一点很重要。“reception”意为“接待”，这里需要表示“接待员”的名词，即“receptionist”作主语。故填receptionist。 93．New payment methods such as quick response (code) have become popular too.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】codes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：二维码等新的支付方式也变得流行起来。quick response code表示“二维码”，是可数名词，根据语境可知，这里指多种二维码，应用复数形式作宾语。故填codes。 94．I need to pay off all my (debt) before I leave the country.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】debts 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在离开这个国家之前，我需要还清所有的债务。本空作pay off的宾语，且由all修饰，用名词debt“债务”的复数形式debts。故填debts。 95．It is a job that requires attention, cooperation and (dedicate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dedication 【详解】考查名词。句意：这份工作需要专注、合作与奉献精神。句子中attention (专注，名词)、cooperation (合作，名词)与空处是并列结构，都作动词requires (需要)的宾语，故此空应填入dedicate的名词形式dedication。表示“奉献，贡献，献身”时，dedication是不可数名词。故填dedication。 96．Everything in the computer's memory can be copied onto (disk).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disks 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：计算机内存中的所有内容都可以复制到磁盘上。disk“磁盘”，此处表示不止一个磁盘，应用其复数形式disks，作onto的宾语。故填disks。 97．They are committed (socialist).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】socialists 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们是坚定的社会主义者。socialist意为“社会主义者”，是可数名词，根据主语“They”可知，此处应用名词复数形式作表语。故填socialists。 98．My wife and I are not real estate (agent). We are strictly investors.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】agents 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我妻子和我都不是房地产经纪人。我们纯粹是投资者。agent意为“经纪人”为可数名词，根据主语“My wife and I”可知，此处表示两个人，应用复数形式agents，作表语。故填agents。 99．After months of sending out (resume), you finally break into the working world.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】resumes 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：经过数月投出一份份简历，你终于踏入职场。resume作“简历”讲时是可数名词。结合语境，数月投出的简历不止一份，所以要用复数形式resumes，在句中作of的宾语，表“发送简历”。故填resumes。 100．She thinks you are all (spy) for her husband.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】spies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：她认为你们都是她丈夫的间谍。spy意为“间谍”，是可数名词，根据“you are all”可知，此处应用名词复数形式作表语，表示“你们都是间谍”。故填spies。 试卷第18页，共19页 试卷第19页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$