专题05 非谓语动词-2025-2026普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语复习手册

专题05 非谓语动词 一： 知识讲解 非谓语动词是语法部分的核心考点与难点。它是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词与过去分词）。 高中学考非谓语动词考点归纳总结表 非谓语类型 基本形式 句法功能 典型例句 考查重点与难点 动词不定式 to + do (主动) 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补 1. To learn a foreign language is not easy. (主语) 2. He wants to become a doctor. (宾语) 3. His dream is to enter a key university. (表语) 4. I have a lot of work to do. (定语) 5. She came to see me. (目的状语) 6. The teacher told us to keep quiet. (宾补) 难点1: 作定语：不定式与所修饰名词有动宾关系且不定式为不及物动词时，需加相应介词。 e.g. a room to live in。 难点2: 省略to：在感官动词（see, watch, hear等）和使役动词（make, let, have）后作宾补时，要省略to（但变被动要还原to）。 e.g. I saw him cross the street. → He was seen to cross the street. to be done (被动) The book is to be published next month. (表语) 重点: 表示动作的被动含义，且通常尚未发生。 to be doing (进行) He seems to be sleeping. (表语) 重点: 表示动作与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行。 to have done (完成) I am sorry to have kept you waiting. (原因状语) 重点: 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 动名词 V-ing (主动) 主语、宾语、表语、定语 1. Smoking is harmful to your health. (主语) 2. I enjoy reading books. (宾语) 3. His job is driving a bus. (表语) 4. a swimming pool (定语) 最大难点与重点: 1. 只能接动名词作宾语的动词：必须牢记，如: enjoy, finish, avoid, deny, consider, practice, suggest, mind, risk, imagine等。 e.g. Would you mind my opening the window? 2. 介词后的宾语必须用动名词。e.g. He is good at playing basketball. being done (被动) He didn't mind being left alone at home. (宾语) 重点: 表示被动含义。 having done (完成) I regret having said those words. (宾语) 重点: 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 现在分词 V-ing (主动) 定语、表语、状语、宾补 1. a sleeping baby (定语，表主动进行) 2. The story is touching. (表语，表特性) 3. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. (时间状语) 4. I saw him crossing the street. (宾补，表动作正在进行) 核心难点 1: 作状语：现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语（主语一致原则），且表主动、进行或原因、时间、方式、结果等。 核心难点 2: 与动名词的区别：作定语时，现在分词表示用途（a reading room 阅览室），现在分词表示状态（a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子）。 having done (完成主动) 状语 Having finished his homework, he went out to play. (时间状语) 重点: 强调分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。 过去分词 V-ed (被动/完成) 定语、表语、状语、宾补 1. a broken window (定语，表被动完成) 2. He felt excited. (表语，表状态) 3. Given more time, I could do it better. (条件状语) 4. I must get my bike repaired. (宾补，表被动完成) 核心难点1: 与现在分词的区别： - 现在分词表主动、进行 (a developing country 发展中国家) - 过去分词表被动、完成 (a developed country 发达国家) 核心难点 2: 作状语：同样要遵守主语一致原则，且表被动或完成的意义。 e.g. Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. 核心重难点与备考策略 1. 判断逻辑主语（悬垂分词） 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，否则就是错误。 错误示例: Looking out of the window, a beautiful bird was seen. (鸟不能自己看向窗外) 正确修改: Looking out of the window, I saw a beautiful bird. 2. “to do” 还是 “doing”？—— 牢记固定搭配 这是必考点。必须背下哪些动词后只能接to do，哪些只能接doing。 接to do的常见动词：want, decide, hope, refuse, promise, plan, afford, fail等。 接doing的常见动词：enjoy, finish, avoid, deny, consider, practice, suggest, mind, risk, imagine, admit, delay等。 接两者意义差别大的动词： remember/forget/regret to do：记得/忘记/遗憾要去做某事（未做） remember/forget/regret doing：记得/忘记/遗憾做过某事（已做） try to do：尽力做某事 try doing：尝试做某事 stop to do：停下来去做另一件事 stop doing：停止正在做的事 2. 非谓语动词的时态和语态 做题时要有意识地判断非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动作的先后关系（一般式/完成式）以及它与逻辑主语之间的主被动关系（主动式/被动式）。 解题步骤：1. 找逻辑主语；2. 判主被动；3. 判时间先后。 备考建议： 1. 分类记忆：将只能接不定式、动名词的动词分别列出清单，反复记忆。 2. 对比练习：重点练习现在分词与过去分词的区别、不定式与动名词的区别。 3. 分析句子成分：遇到长难句，先找出主干（主谓宾），再分析非谓语部分在句中作什么成分，逻辑主语是谁。 4. 真题演练：多做历年学考真题中的语法填空题和单句改错题，这是检验和巩固知识的最佳方式。 二： 习题训练 1．Even if he once felt like (give) up, he now has the determination to keep on going. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．My grandpa reads newspapers every morning to keep himself (update) on the things happening around the world.(所给词的适当形式填空) 3． (wash) hands frequently is a good habit for our health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4． (compare) with face to face communication, books often touch people’s hearts better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The teacher told the boy (not play) football on the street. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．I think you can’t put off (go) to see the dentist any longer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Perform some operations, such as (obtain) search results. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Next you develop a policy on developing, testing, and (evaluate) services. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．In 2004, I moved to New York to take a position at The New Yorker. (用适当的词填空) 10．For a time an app developer in America was so busy (attend) to work and family that she suffered from sleeplessness.(所给词的适当形式填空) 11．The American plane makers continue (accuse) Airbus of unfair competition.(所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The mountaineers found it hard (orient) themselves in the fog. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．All at once, the three children’s faces lit up, and they began (bounce) around in the back seat, laughing and chattering.(所给词的适当形式填空) 14．They can also learn geometry by (assemble) a bicycle.(所给词的适当形式填空) 15．Language is a gift (belong) to humans. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．He left the hotel (surround) by crowds of journalists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．I’m sending your favorite red rose (feast) your eyes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．You have no choice but (break) away from the illegal organization. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．Avoid (announce) your vacation on your Facebook page. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20． (get) through all those messages every day isn't easy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．By (try) out his new English skills, the pupil will improve on his own. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．He came in, rain (stream) from his clothes and hair. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．The last thing I wanted was (upset) you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24． (surf) the Internet is fun, but it's also a time waster. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．Find something (inspire) you and it'll keep you going. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26． (explore) outer space is a challenge to mankind. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．Would you mind (leave) us alone for a few minutes? (所给词的适当形式填空) 28．They sought in vain for somewhere (shelter). (所给词的适当形式填空) 29．They were accused of (aid) him in his escape. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．They found the bag (bury) beneath a pile of leaves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 31．The new leader hopes (unify) the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 32．The cost of (live) has risen sharply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．Gradually add 1 cup of milk, (stir) until the liquid is absorbed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 34．A large organization can be slow (adapt) to change. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．When I married and had kids, I found meaning in protecting and (watch) over those I loved. (所给词的适当形式填空) 36．We once watched a red fox (attack) a small dog. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．Many species of animals are in danger of (die) out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．This will push me (observe) my life carefully and think a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．How could anyone find pleasure in (hunt) and killing this beautiful creature? (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．We couldn’t make his handwriting. (用适当的词填空) 41．I am checking . Could you give me the bill? (用适当的词填空) 42．I had never really learned (type) properly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．Even (transport) that amount of gas would be a huge task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．Is there any means of (contact) him? (所给词的适当形式填空) 45． (apply) for jobs can be a long and painful process. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．Human life is regarded as part of nature, so the only way for us to survive is (live) in harmony with nature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．It’s apparently rare for anyone (have) two legs the same length. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48．In the future, we will have handy robots and computers to assist us in (do) the things that are boring. （所给词的适当形式填空） 49．This is not the first time I have heard her name (mention). （所给词的适当形式填空） 50．I think it an honor (invite) to speak at such an important conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．Lots of people find it difficult (fit) reading into their daily routine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52．In order to enlarge my vocabulary, I make it a rule (take) notes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53．Adam’s father think it no use (take) online course without self-discipline. （所给词的适当形式填空） 54．He was terrified (stay) home alone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55．In this sense, it is secure (stay) in that remote village for a short time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56．You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit . (work) (所给词的适当形式填空) 57．The government has given top priority to (reform) the tax system. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58．She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk (sideline) and perhaps even worse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59．Despite the risk of (starve) to death, she chose to follow her dream and become an artist. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60．The wounds rarely seem to get (infect), even though they often fight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61．I am writing to let you know how much I appreciate your (help) my son Robert last Thursday when he injured his leg. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62．The boat was filled with water and sank, and Toad found himself (struggle) in deep water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63．We asked her (describe) what kind of things she did in her spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64．I enjoy (appreciate) scenery by the riverbank. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65．It is time (pay) attention to our surrounding environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66．The complex economic situation in this region, (influence) by factors like trade policies, market fluctuations, and resource availability, is showing signs of improvement. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67．We thank them for (contribute) to the development of this website. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68．In a way, it was his fault for (give) way to his wife every time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69．More and more people are turning to TV or the Internet for entertainment, (lead) to a sharp fall in going to the cinema. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70．She is accused of (attempt) to cheat the old. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71．It’s difficult (preserve) your dignity when you have no job and no home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72．Amazing! I am always dreaming (download) this English song. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73．He is hardly likely (admit) he was wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74．We’ve learned how (balance) work and free time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 75． (promote) ecological tourism is another way to help save their habitat. (所给词的适当形式填空) 76．We are asked (investigate) why she was not happy with her husband. (所给词的适当形式填空) 77．She holds his arm firmly (keep) balance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 78．Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you . (promote) (所给词的适当形式填空) 79．It is forbidden (remark) on current affairs in public in some countries. （所给词的适当形式填空） 80．She tries to keep fit by (jog) every day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 81．The weather was fine enough for (work) out outdoors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 82．I’d like to thank everyone for (come) along and supporting us today. (所给词的适当形式填空) 83．I used to smoke, but I gave a couple of years ago. (用适当的词填空) 84．She made a fanning motion, (pretend) to cool herself off. (所给词的适当形式填空) 85．We’re going to go (ski) together on Thursday morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 86．It is the best way (approach) this difficult problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 87．It’s a great pity that many activities such as listening to music, watching TV, playing games, going online take much of our reading time. (用适当的词填空) 88．When I get seasick, I throw my food. (用适当的词填空) 89．He was motivated by the motto. The athlete called on his teammates to get over the difficulty by joint efforts. (分词短语作状语) 90．His perseverance despite numerous failures served as an inspiration to his teammates, motivating them (push) through challenges. (所给词的适当形式填空) 91．Doctors (commit) to fighting tropical diseases often work in remote field clinics under challenging conditions for years at a time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 92．It is easier (avoid) a discussion, but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome. (所给词的适当形式填空) 93．I got to know the young man (call) Tom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 94．I think you’d better keep me (inform) of your progress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 95．You can broaden your knowledge by (read) posts from other English learners around the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 96．This book tells you how to avoid (get) ill while travelling. (所给词的适当形式填空) 97．Please remind me (attend) the meeting at 8:00 a.m. (所给词的适当形式填空) 98．Now, I am unable speak clearly for a short time. (用适当的词填空) 99．They were expected to (behavior) themselves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 100．We should love our family and learn (solve) family problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 试卷第18页，共19页 试卷第19页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 非谓语动词 一： 知识讲解 非谓语动词是语法部分的核心考点与难点。它是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词与过去分词）。 高中学考非谓语动词考点归纳总结表 非谓语类型 基本形式 句法功能 典型例句 考查重点与难点 动词不定式 to + do (主动) 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补 1. To learn a foreign language is not easy. (主语) 2. He wants to become a doctor. (宾语) 3. His dream is to enter a key university. (表语) 4. I have a lot of work to do. (定语) 5. She came to see me. (目的状语) 6. The teacher told us to keep quiet. (宾补) 难点1: 作定语：不定式与所修饰名词有动宾关系且不定式为不及物动词时，需加相应介词。 e.g. a room to live in。 难点2: 省略to：在感官动词（see, watch, hear等）和使役动词（make, let, have）后作宾补时，要省略to（但变被动要还原to）。 e.g. I saw him cross the street. → He was seen to cross the street. to be done (被动) The book is to be published next month. (表语) 重点: 表示动作的被动含义，且通常尚未发生。 to be doing (进行) He seems to be sleeping. (表语) 重点: 表示动作与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行。 to have done (完成) I am sorry to have kept you waiting. (原因状语) 重点: 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 动名词 V-ing (主动) 主语、宾语、表语、定语 1. Smoking is harmful to your health. (主语) 2. I enjoy reading books. (宾语) 3. His job is driving a bus. (表语) 4. a swimming pool (定语) 最大难点与重点: 1. 只能接动名词作宾语的动词：必须牢记，如: enjoy, finish, avoid, deny, consider, practice, suggest, mind, risk, imagine等。 e.g. Would you mind my opening the window? 2. 介词后的宾语必须用动名词。e.g. He is good at playing basketball. being done (被动) He didn't mind being left alone at home. (宾语) 重点: 表示被动含义。 having done (完成) I regret having said those words. (宾语) 重点: 表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 现在分词 V-ing (主动) 定语、表语、状语、宾补 1. a sleeping baby (定语，表主动进行) 2. The story is touching. (表语，表特性) 3. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. (时间状语) 4. I saw him crossing the street. (宾补，表动作正在进行) 核心难点 1: 作状语：现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语（主语一致原则），且表主动、进行或原因、时间、方式、结果等。 核心难点 2: 与动名词的区别：作定语时，现在分词表示用途（a reading room 阅览室），现在分词表示状态（a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子）。 having done (完成主动) 状语 Having finished his homework, he went out to play. (时间状语) 重点: 强调分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。 过去分词 V-ed (被动/完成) 定语、表语、状语、宾补 1. a broken window (定语，表被动完成) 2. He felt excited. (表语，表状态) 3. Given more time, I could do it better. (条件状语) 4. I must get my bike repaired. (宾补，表被动完成) 核心难点1: 与现在分词的区别： - 现在分词表主动、进行 (a developing country 发展中国家) - 过去分词表被动、完成 (a developed country 发达国家) 核心难点 2: 作状语：同样要遵守主语一致原则，且表被动或完成的意义。 e.g. Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. 核心重难点与备考策略 1. 判断逻辑主语（悬垂分词） 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，否则就是错误。 错误示例: Looking out of the window, a beautiful bird was seen. (鸟不能自己看向窗外) 正确修改: Looking out of the window, I saw a beautiful bird. 2. “to do” 还是 “doing”？—— 牢记固定搭配 这是必考点。必须背下哪些动词后只能接to do，哪些只能接doing。 接to do的常见动词：want, decide, hope, refuse, promise, plan, afford, fail等。 接doing的常见动词：enjoy, finish, avoid, deny, consider, practice, suggest, mind, risk, imagine, admit, delay等。 接两者意义差别大的动词： remember/forget/regret to do：记得/忘记/遗憾要去做某事（未做） remember/forget/regret doing：记得/忘记/遗憾做过某事（已做） try to do：尽力做某事 try doing：尝试做某事 stop to do：停下来去做另一件事 stop doing：停止正在做的事 2. 非谓语动词的时态和语态 做题时要有意识地判断非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动作的先后关系（一般式/完成式）以及它与逻辑主语之间的主被动关系（主动式/被动式）。 解题步骤：1. 找逻辑主语；2. 判主被动；3. 判时间先后。 备考建议： 1. 分类记忆：将只能接不定式、动名词的动词分别列出清单，反复记忆。 2. 对比练习：重点练习现在分词与过去分词的区别、不定式与动名词的区别。 3. 分析句子成分：遇到长难句，先找出主干（主谓宾），再分析非谓语部分在句中作什么成分，逻辑主语是谁。 4. 真题演练：多做历年学考真题中的语法填空题和单句改错题，这是检验和巩固知识的最佳方式。 二： 习题训练 1．Even if he once felt like (give) up, he now has the determination to keep on going. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】giving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：即使他曾经想要放弃，但他现在有继续前进的决心。feel like doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，空处需用动名词形式作宾语；give的动名词形式为giving。故填giving。 2．My grandpa reads newspapers every morning to keep himself (update) on the things happening around the world.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】updated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我爷爷每天早上读报纸，以便及时了解世界各地发生的事情。根据空前keep himself可知，空处作宾语补足语；himself与动词update“给……提供最新信息”是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词updated表被动。故填updated。 3． (wash) hands frequently is a good habit for our health. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Washing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经常洗手对我们的健康来说是个好习惯。wash是动词，在此句中，需将其变为动名词Washing，在句首作主语，首字母大写。故填Washing。 4． (compare) with face to face communication, books often touch people’s hearts better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与面对面交流相比，书籍往往更能触动人们的心灵。compare与句子主语books构成被动关系，用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Compared。 5．The teacher told the boy (not play) football on the street. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】not to play 【详解】考查不定式。句意：老师告诉那个男孩不要在街上踢足球。tell sb. (not) to do sth.为固定用法，意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事” 。这里表示老师告诉男孩不要在街上踢足球，所以用not to play，在句中作宾语补足语。故填not to play。 6．I think you can’t put off (go) to see the dentist any longer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】going 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我认为你不能再推迟去看牙医了。put off doing sth.是固定用法，意为“推迟做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填going。 7．Perform some operations, such as (obtain) search results. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】obtaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：执行一些操作，例如获取搜索结果。“such as”后接名词或动名词作宾语，设空处应填动名词形式，obtain的动名词是obtaining。故填obtaining。 8．Next you develop a policy on developing, testing, and (evaluate) services. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】evaluating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接下来，你需要制定一项关于开发、测试和评估服务的政策。“developing, testing”和空格处为并列关系，均作介词on的宾语，因此空格处应填入动名词形式作宾语。动词evaluate“评估”的动名词形式为evaluating。故填evaluating。 9．In 2004, I moved to New York to take a position at The New Yorker. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：2004年，我搬到纽约，在《纽约客》杂志谋得一个职位。take up a position是固定短语，意为“担任职位，谋得职位”，所以空处应填up。故填up。 10．For a time an app developer in America was so busy (attend) to work and family that she suffered from sleeplessness.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attending 【详解】考查动名词。句意：有一段时间，美国的一位应用程序开发者忙于工作和家庭，以至于患上了失眠。分析句子可知，设空处应填动名词，构成固定搭配be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，在句中作宾语。故填attending。 11．The American plane makers continue (accuse) Airbus of unfair competition.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to accuse 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美国飞机制造商们继续指责空客存在不正当竞争行为。continue to do意思为：继续做某事，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to accuse。 12．The mountaineers found it hard (orient) themselves in the fog. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to orient 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：登山者们发现在雾中很难确定自己的方位。根据题干可知，此处是固定句型“sb. find it + 形容词 + to do sth.”意为“某人发现做某事是……的”。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。所给词orient是动词，意为“确定……的方位；使适应”，此空应用其动词不定式形式to orient，作真正的宾语。故填to orient。 13．All at once, the three children’s faces lit up, and they began (bounce) around in the back seat, laughing and chattering.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 bouncing/to bounce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：三个孩子的脸一下子亮了起来，他们开始在后座上蹦蹦跳跳，又笑又闹。分析句子结构可知，此处考查begin的固定用法，“begin doing sth.”和“begin to do sth.”均表示“开始做某事”，二者在语义上无明显区别，可互换使用，符合句子语境。故填bouncing或to bounce。 14．They can also learn geometry by (assemble) a bicycle.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】assembling 【详解】考查动名词。意：他们也可以通过组装自行车来学习几何知识。by是介词，后接动词时要用动名词形式，构成“by doing sth.”结构，表示“通过做某事” 。故填assembling。 15．Language is a gift (belong) to humans. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：语言是人类所拥有的一种天赋。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，gift与belong为主动关系，再由语境可知，此空需用现在分词作后置定语。故填belonging。 16．He left the hotel (surround) by crowds of journalists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他在一群记者的簇拥下离开了酒店。本句谓语为left，此处为非谓语动词，主语He与动词surround“包围，围绕”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词 surrounded，作状语。故填surrounded。 17．I’m sending your favorite red rose (feast) your eyes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to feast 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我送你最喜欢的红玫瑰让你赏心悦目。send sth. to do sth.表示“送某物去做某事”，所以空处应使用动词不定式to feast作目的状语。故填to feast。 18．You have no choice but (break) away from the illegal organization. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to break 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你别无选择，只能脱离这个非法组织。have no choice but to do sth.是固定用法，表示“别无选择，只能做某事”，其中but意为“除了”，当前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，but后面接不带to的不定式，但当前面没有实义动词do的某种形式时，but后面要接带to的不定式，此句中前面没有符合的do形式，所以用to break。故填to break。 19．Avoid (announce) your vacation on your Facebook page. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】announcing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：避免在你的Facebook主页上宣布你的假期。avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”是固定搭配，因此空处用提示词的动名词形式announcing作宾语。故填announcing。 20． (get) through all those messages every day isn't easy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Getting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天处理完所有那些信息并非易事。作句子的主语，用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Getting。 21．By (try) out his new English skills, the pupil will improve on his own. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】trying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：通过运用他新的英语技能，这个学生将会自主提高。空前为介词“by”，介词后接动名词作宾语，“try”的动名词形式是“trying”。故填trying。 22．He came in, rain (stream) from his clothes and hair. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】streaming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他走了进来，雨水顺着他的衣服和头发不停地流淌下来。此处为独立主格结构，且stream与rain构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填streaming。 23．The last thing I wanted was (upset) you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to upset 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我最不想做的就是让你不高兴。此处使用动词不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，故填to upset。 24． (surf) the Internet is fun, but it's also a time waster. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Surfing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上网很有趣，但同时也会浪费时间。作主语，用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Surfing。 25．Find something (inspire) you and it'll keep you going. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to inspire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：找到能激励你的事物，它就能一直支持着你前行。此处不定式作后置定语，修饰something。故填to inspire。 26． (explore) outer space is a challenge to mankind. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Exploring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：探索外太空对人类来说是一项挑战。设空处作句子的主语，“探索外太空”是一个抽象的概念，空处需用动名词形式exploring作主语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Exploring。 27．Would you mind (leave) us alone for a few minutes? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】leaving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你介意让我们单独待几分钟吗？“mind”是及物动词，后接动词时需用其动名词形式作宾语，mind doing sth.表示“介意做某事”，leave的动名词形式为leaving。故填leaving。 28．They sought in vain for somewhere (shelter). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to shelter 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们到处找藏身的地方，但没有找到。空处作后置定语修饰somewhere，当被修饰词为不定代词（如somewhere，anywhere等）时，常用不定式to do作后置定语，表示目的或用途，即“某个用来躲避的地方”，空处需用动词不定式to shelter。故填to shelter。 29．They were accused of (aid) him in his escape. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】aiding 【详解】考查动名词。句意：他们被指控协助他逃跑。根据空前of可知，介词后需接名词、代词或动名词作宾语；aid的动名词形式为aiding，“be accused of doing sth”是固定搭配，意为“被指控做某事”。故填aiding。 30．They found the bag (bury) beneath a pile of leaves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】buried 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们发现那个袋子被埋在一堆树叶下面。此处bag与bury构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填buried。 31．The new leader hopes (unify) the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to unify 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位新领导人希望实现国家的统一。此处为短语hope to do sth.表示“希望做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to unify。 32．The cost of (live) has risen sharply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】living 【详解】考查动名词。句意：生活成本急剧上升。of是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语，故填living。 33．Gradually add 1 cup of milk, (stir) until the liquid is absorbed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stirring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：逐渐加入一杯牛奶，搅拌直到液体被吸收。空前是祈使句，省略了主语you，stir和you之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填stirring。 34．A large organization can be slow (adapt) to change. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to adapt 【详解】考查不定式。句意：大型组织适应变化的速度可能很慢。be slow to do sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事迟缓”，因此空格处用不定式to adapt，故填to adapt。 35．When I married and had kids, I found meaning in protecting and (watch) over those I loved. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】watching 【详解】考查动名词。句意：当我结婚生子后，我在保护和照看我所爱的人身上找到了意义。“and”连接两个并列成分，“watch”应用动名词“watching”与“protecting”并列，“protecting and watching over those I loved”整体作“in”的宾语。故填watching。 36．We once watched a red fox (attack) a small dog. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attacking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们曾经看到一只红狐正袭击一只小狗。空白处在句子中作宾语补足语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词表示一个正在进行的动作，attack 的现在分词形式是 attacking。故填 attacking。 37．Many species of animals are in danger of (die) out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多动物物种面临灭绝的危险。空白处在句子中作介词of的宾语，后接动词时需用动名词形式，die的动名词是dying。故填dying。 38．This will push me (observe) my life carefully and think a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to observe 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这将促使我仔细审视自己的生活，并进行深入思考。短语push sb. to do sth.表示“促使某人做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to observe。 39．How could anyone find pleasure in (hunt) and killing this beautiful creature? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】hunting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：怎么会有人从猎杀这种美丽的生物中找到乐趣呢？in是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语。故填hunting。 40．We couldn’t make his handwriting. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】out 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们认不出他的笔迹。表示“辨认出，看清”使用动词短语make out，故填out。 41．I am checking . Could you give me the bill? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我打算退房。 请把账单给我好吗？结合句意，表达“结账离开”用check out。故填out。 42．I had never really learned (type) properly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to type 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我从未真正学会正确地打字。learn to do sth.“学会做某事”为固定搭配，空处应用动词不定式，作宾语。故填to type。 43．Even (transport) that amount of gas would be a huge task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】transporting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使运输这么多汽油也将是一项艰巨的任务。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词形式作主语。transport为动词，意为“运输”，其动名词形式transporting，符合语境。故填transporting。 44．Is there any means of (contact) him? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contacting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有什么联系他的方法吗？介词of后需接动名词作宾语，contact的动名词为contacting。故填contacting。 45． (apply) for jobs can be a long and painful process. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Applying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的过程。can be前缺少主语，空处应用动名词作主语。句首字母大写，故填Applying。 46．Human life is regarded as part of nature, so the only way for us to survive is (live) in harmony with nature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to live 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人类生活被视为自然的一部分，因此我们生存的唯一方式就是与自然和谐共处。此处为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意，此处表示将来的动作，且表示具体的动作，使用动词不定式形式to live作表语。故填to live。 47．It’s apparently rare for anyone (have) two legs the same length. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to have 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：显然，很少有人两条腿一样长。句中使用了“it’s + 形容词 + for sb.+to do sth.”的固定句型，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。所给词have为动词，应使用其不定式形式to have。故填to have。 48．In the future, we will have handy robots and computers to assist us in (do) the things that are boring. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】doing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：未来，我们将拥有便捷的机器人和计算机来帮助我们做那些枯燥的事情。此处为固定短语“assist sb. in doing sth.”，意为“帮助某人做某事”，所以空处需用动名词doing，作介词in的宾语。故填doing。 49．This is not the first time I have heard her name (mention). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】mentioned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这不是我第一次听到有人提到她的名字。此处mention与name构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填mentioned。 50．I think it an honor (invite) to speak at such an important conference. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be invited 【详解】考查固定句型和动词不定式。句意：我认为受邀在如此重要的会议上发言是一种荣誉。此处是固定句型think it + 名词 + to do sth.，意为“认为做某事是……”。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。invite与I是动宾关系，即“我被邀请”，故此空应用动词不定式的被动形式to be invited。to be invited to speak at such an important conference是句中真正的宾语。故填to be invited。 51．Lots of people find it difficult (fit) reading into their daily routine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to fit 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：很多人发现很难把阅读融入日常生活。根据题干可知，此处考查固定句型sb. find it + 形容词 + to do sth. 意为“某人发现做某事是……的”。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，故此处应用动词fit的不定式形式to fit。to fit reading into their daily routine是句中真正的宾语。故填to fit。 52．In order to enlarge my vocabulary, I make it a rule (take) notes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to take 【详解】考查固定句型和动词不定式。句意：为了扩大词汇量，我养成了做笔记的习惯。根据题干可知，此处是固定句型make it a rule to do sth.，意为“规定做某事,做某事成为惯例/习惯”。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to do不定式，故此空应用动词take的不定式形式to take。to take notes是句中真正的宾语。故填to take。 53．Adam’s father think it no use (take) online course without self-discipline. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】taking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：亚当的父亲认为，没有自律性，上网络课程是没用的。it no use doing sth.为固定结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正宾语是动名词短语，take的动名词形式为taking。故填taking。 54．He was terrified (stay) home alone. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to stay 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他害怕独自待在家里。“be terrified to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，其中不定式（to do）作原因状语。故填to stay。 55．In this sense, it is secure (stay) in that remote village for a short time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to stay 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从这个意义上说，在那个偏远的村庄短期停留是安全的。本句为it is+形容词+ to do sth.结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，意为“做某事是……的”。故填to stay。 56．You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit . (work) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to work 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你必须提供一份医疗证明，证明你的身体状况适合工作。此处为be fit to do sth.表示“适合做某事”。故填to work。 57．The government has given top priority to (reform) the tax system. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reforming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府已把税制改革放在首要位置。“give priority to doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“优先做某事”，其中“to”是介词，后面接动名词形式，所给词reform的动名词形式是reforming意为“改革”。故填reforming。 58．She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk (sideline) and perhaps even worse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being sidelined 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她说，我们必须控制人工智能，否则就有被边缘化的风险，甚至可能更糟。“risk”后需接动名词作宾语，即“risk doing sth.”，意为“冒险做某事”；且“we”与“sideline”之间是被动关系，因此应用动名词的被动形式being sidelined。故填being sidelined。 59．Despite the risk of (starve) to death, she chose to follow her dream and become an artist. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】starving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有饿死的危险，她还是选择追随自己的梦想，成为一名艺术家。本空位于介词of后，应用动名词starving“挨饿，饿死”，作宾语。故填starving。 60．The wounds rarely seem to get (infect), even though they often fight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】infected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管它们经常打斗，但伤口似乎很少会被感染。此处为“get +过去分词”构成被动语态，主语“The wounds”与infect之间为被动关系，表示“伤口被感染”，infect的过去分词形式为infected。故填infected。 61．I am writing to let you know how much I appreciate your (help) my son Robert last Thursday when he injured his leg. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】helping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我写信是想让您知道，我是多么感激您上周四在我儿子罗伯特腿部受伤时给予他的帮助。appreciate (one’s) doing sth.是固定用法，意为“感谢某人做某事”，其中doing为动名词作宾语，所以此处应填help的动名词形式。故填helping。 62．The boat was filled with water and sank, and Toad found himself (struggle) in deep water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】struggling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：船里灌满了水，沉了下去，托德发现自己正在深水里挣扎。句子使用固定结构“find oneself +宾语补足语”，意为“发现自己……”，himself与struggle之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词struggling作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。故填struggling。 63．We asked her (describe) what kind of things she did in her spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to describe 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们请她描述一下她在业余时间都做些什么。ask sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“要求某人做某事”，故空处用动词不定式to describe作宾语补足语。故填to describe。 64．I enjoy (appreciate) scenery by the riverbank. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】appreciating 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我喜欢在河岸边欣赏风景。enjoy doing sth.是固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，用动名词appreciating作宾语。故填appreciating。 65．It is time (pay) attention to our surrounding environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to pay 【详解】考查固定句型和不定式。句意：是时候关注我们周围的环境了。“It is time to do sth.”，意为“是做某事的时候了”。故填to pay。 66．The complex economic situation in this region, (influence) by factors like trade policies, market fluctuations, and resource availability, is showing signs of improvement. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】influenced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受贸易政策、市场波动和资源可用性等因素影响，该地区复杂的经济形势正呈现出改善的迹象。句中已有谓语动词“is showing”，且空格处无连词连接，此处应用非谓语形式，influence与逻辑主语“The complex economic situation”之间为动宾关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。故填influenced。 67．We thank them for (contribute) to the development of this website. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contributing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们感谢他们为这个网站的发展所做的贡献。分析句子可知，设空处前为介词for，介词后接动名词作宾语，contribute的动名词形式是contributing，符合语境。故填contributing。 68．In a way, it was his fault for (give) way to his wife every time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】giving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在某种程度上，每次都向妻子让步是他的错。分析句子可知，设空处前为介词for，介词后接动名词作宾语，give的动名词形式是giving，符合语境。故填giving。 69．More and more people are turning to TV or the Internet for entertainment, (lead) to a sharp fall in going to the cinema. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】leading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的人转向电视或互联网获取娱乐，这导致了去电影院的人数急剧下降。句中已有谓语动词“are turning to”，且空格前没有连词，所以此处应用非谓语动词；动词lead与其逻辑主语“More and more people are turning to TV or the Internet for entertainment”之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填leading。 70．She is accused of (attempt) to cheat the old. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attempting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：她被指控企图欺骗老人。分析句子可知，设空处前为介词of，介词后应接动名词作宾语，所给词attempt的动名词形式是attempting，符合语境。故填attempting。 71．It’s difficult (preserve) your dignity when you have no job and no home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to preserve 【详解】考查不定式。句意：当你没有工作，没有家的时候，很难保持你的尊严。It’s difficult to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是困难的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to preserve。故填to preserve。 72．Amazing! I am always dreaming (download) this English song. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to download 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：太棒了！我一直梦想着下载这首英文歌曲。dream作动词表示“梦想”时，常见用法为dream of/about doing sth.或dream to do sth.，表示“梦想做某事”；dream of/about doing sth.多用于表达长期的理想、愿望或不切实际的幻想，动作的实现可能需要较长时间或存在难度；dream to do sth.常用于表达具体的目标或短期内可实现的打算。“下载英文歌”是一个具体、可操作的动作，而非抽象的理想或幻想，应用固定短语dream to do sth.，意为“梦想做某事”。所以此处应用动词不定式to download作宾语。故填to download。 73．He is hardly likely (admit) he was wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to admit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他几乎不可能承认自己错了。“be likely to do sth.”为固定短语，意为“可能做某事”，设空处应填动词不定式形式。故填to admit。 74．We’ve learned how (balance) work and free time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to balance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们已经学会了如何平衡工作和空闲时间。句中考查“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，how to do sth.，在句中作宾语，表示“如何做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to balance。故填to balance。 75． (promote) ecological tourism is another way to help save their habitat. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Promoting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：促进生态旅游是帮助拯救它们栖息地的另一种方式。分析句子可知，设空处应填动名词作主语，promote的动名词形式是promoting，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Promoting。 76．We are asked (investigate) why she was not happy with her husband. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to investigate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们被要求去调查她为什么对丈夫不满意。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词不定式作主语补足语，“be asked to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“被要求做某事”，所以此处应用to investigate，符合语境。故填to investigate。 77．She holds his arm firmly (keep) balance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她紧紧地抓住他的胳膊以保持平衡。She holds his arm firmly是完整的主谓宾结构，空处需填非谓语动词作状语。结合语境“抓住胳膊”的目的是“保持平衡”，空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式to keep。故填to keep。 78．Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you . (promote) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】promoted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：发明“情商”一词的萨洛维教授给出了这样的描述：在工作中，让你被雇用的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。此处为固定结构：get+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语you与动词promote之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式promoted，作宾语补足语。故填promoted。 79．It is forbidden (remark) on current affairs in public in some countries. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to remark 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在一些国家，禁止在公共场合评论时事。It is forbidden to do sth.是固定句型，表示“禁止做某事”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，所以空处应用remark的不定式形式。故填to remark。 80．She tries to keep fit by (jog) every day. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】jogging 【详解】考查动名词。句意：她试图通过每天慢跑来保持健康。by doing sth.是固定短语，意为“通过做某事”，用动名词jogging作宾语。故填jogging。 81．The weather was fine enough for (work) out outdoors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】working 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：天气足够好，适合在户外锻炼。空前for是介词，后面接动词时，要用动名词形式作宾语，work的动名词形式是working。故填working。 82．I’d like to thank everyone for (come) along and supporting us today. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】coming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我要感谢今天所有到场支持我们的人。thank sb. for doing sth.意为“感谢某人做某事”，其中for是介词，空处应用动名词形式coming作宾语。故填coming。 83．I used to smoke, but I gave a couple of years ago. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我过去抽烟，但几年前我已经戒了。结合句意表达“戒，放弃”应用短语give up。故填up。 84．She made a fanning motion, (pretend) to cool herself off. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pretending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她做了个扇风的动作，假装以此来给自己降温。此处she与pretend构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填pretending。 85．We’re going to go (ski) together on Thursday morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】skiing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们打算星期四上午一起去滑雪。“go + 动名词”是固定结构，表示“去做某事”，常用于表达从事某种户外活动或运动。ski的动名词形式是skiing，go skiing意为“去滑雪”。故填skiing。 86．It is the best way (approach) this difficult problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to approach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是解决这个难题的最佳方法。“the best way to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“做某事的最佳方法”，用不定式to approach作后置定语修饰way。故填to approach。 87．It’s a great pity that many activities such as listening to music, watching TV, playing games, going online take much of our reading time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：非常遗憾，诸如听音乐、看电视、玩游戏、上网等很多活动占据了我们太多阅读时间。“take up”为固定搭配，意为“占据（时间、空间等）”。符合语境。故填up。 88．When I get seasick, I throw my food. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当我晕船时，我会把食物吐出来 。根据“seasick (晕船)和food (食物)”可知，此处应用固定短语throw up，表示“呕吐”。故填up。 89．He was motivated by the motto. The athlete called on his teammates to get over the difficulty by joint efforts. (分词短语作状语) 【答案】Motivated by the motto, the athlete called on his teammates to get over the difficulty by joint efforts. 【详解】考查分词短语作状语。句意：受到这句座右铭的激励，这位运动员号召队友们共同努力克服困难。原句中“The athlete”与“motivate”是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语，所以将“He was motivated by the motto”改写为motivated by the motto，连接主句“the athlete called on his teammates to get over the difficulty by joint efforts”，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故改写为Motivated by the motto, the athlete called on his teammates to get over the difficulty by joint efforts. 90．His perseverance despite numerous failures served as an inspiration to his teammates, motivating them (push) through challenges. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to push 【详解】考查固定搭配和动词不定式。句意：他虽屡遭失败却坚持不懈，这对队友们来说是一种激励，促使他们克服挑战。根据固定搭配motivate sb. to do sth. (激励某人做某事)可知，此空应用动词push的不定式形式to push。to push through challenges作宾语them的补足语。故填to push。 91．Doctors (commit) to fighting tropical diseases often work in remote field clinics under challenging conditions for years at a time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】committed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：致力于对抗热带疾病的医生们常常要在艰苦的条件下在偏远的野外诊所工作数年之久。此处commit与doctors构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填committed。 92．It is easier (avoid) a discussion, but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to avoid 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：避免讨论更容易，但冒着谈论它的风险最终可能会带来更好的结果。此处为固定句型it be+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是怎么样的”，其中it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to avoid。 93．I got to know the young man (call) Tom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】called 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我认识了那个叫汤姆的年轻人。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“got to know”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“man”和“call”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“call”的过去分词“called”作后置定语。故填called。 94．I think you’d better keep me (inform) of your progress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想你最好随时告诉我你的进展。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“keep”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“me”和“inform”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“inform”的过去分词“informed”作宾语补足语。故填informed。 95．You can broaden your knowledge by (read) posts from other English learners around the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reading 【详解】考查动名词。句意：你可以通过阅读世界各地其他英语学习者的帖子来扩大你的知识面。by是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语，故填reading。 96．This book tells you how to avoid (get) ill while travelling. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】getting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书会告诉你在旅行时如何避免生病。短语avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填getting。 97．Please remind me (attend) the meeting at 8:00 a.m. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：请提醒我上午8点参加会议。根据“remind sb. to do sth.”意为“提醒某人做某事”可知，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，attend的不定式形式是to attend。故填to attend。 98．Now, I am unable speak clearly for a short time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：现在，我在短时间内无法清楚地说话。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be unable to do sth.”，意为“不能够做某事”，故空格处应用不定式符号“to”。故填to。 99．They were expected to (behavior) themselves. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】behave 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他们被要求守规矩。be expected to do sth.是固定短语，意为“被期望做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，故填behave。 100．We should love our family and learn (solve) family problems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to solve 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们应该关爱自己的家人，并学会解决家庭中的问题。solve为动词，表示“解决”，动词短语learn to do表示“学会做某事”，符合句意。故填to solve。 试卷第18页，共19页 试卷第19页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$