专题01 阅读理解（应用文）（期中真题汇编，陕晋青宁专用） 高二英语上学期

专题01 阅读理解 应用文 主题01 人与自我——生存与发展 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·山西·期中) Chilean food company NotCo has been working on a popular meal for people in Latin America and Asia: turtle soup. The meal tastes like turtle soup but has no parts of the creature in it. The company says it uses artificial intelligence (AI) to create the food. It hopes to raise awareness about the endangered reptile (爬行动物). Bernardo Moltedo leads the science behind the effort for NotCo. He used the term “impact” - meaning an effect or change - to describe the effort. NotCo uses an AI programme to help it decide what to use. The programme examined 300,000 plants and made 260 quintillion combinations until it found a mix of five proteins that most closely reproduced the taste of turtle meat. For now, neither the plant-based turtle meat nor the soup are for sale. But the company plans on holding an online class to teach people how to prepare the soup.Other Foods With a presence in 12 countries, NotCo creates foods such as hamburgers, milk, or ice cream from plants. These food creations have a similar taste and texture to foods prepared with traditional animal-based ingredients (原料).Background Information Green turtles - traditionally used in turtle soup - are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s red list of endangered species. The creatures numbers are affected by pollution, extreme weather and fishing. The exploitation of these sea turtles is prohibited in most countries in the world. However, turtle soup remains in high demand in countries throughout Asia and Latin America, including China, Mexico, Peru, Malaysia and others. 1．What is the purpose of using AI to reproduce turtle soup? A．To improve NotCo’s reputation. B．To change traditional production methods. C．To raise public awareness of animal protection. D．To enhance the competitiveness of products. 2．Which plant-based product of NotCo has not yet been put into the market? A．Turtle soup. B．Hamburgers. C．Milk. D．Ice cream. 3．What is the text? A．A food advertisement. B．A biological survey report. C．A science fiction novel. D．A news article on technology. Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西阳泉·期中) People often use body language to decode (解读) lying. People may say one thing and be signaling another, so body language is a useful way to find out the truth. One of the ways to show someone is lying is blinking: The idea is that blinking faster indicates a potential lie. So, is blink rate a reliable indicator of how likely the person is to be telling the truth? What does the research show? Researchers studied competitors on a TV quiz show in 2023. The research demonstrates beautifully the danger in identifying specific physical responses as “tells” of a particular thought or intention. First of all, people do blink faster under stress. But that simply indicates a stress response, not a declaration (声明) of the intention behind the stress. Moreover, it turns out that blinking also slows when you are thinking hard and can speed up when you are signaling that you are hearing a question or getting ready to give an answer. In this way, blinking is like so many other individual bits of body language: It is multi-determined. We may cross our arms because we’re defensive or because we’re tired, cold, or ready to quit. But in more familiar relationships in the workplace or beyond, most humans are reasonably good at reading the signals of people whom they know well-long-time colleagues, friends, family, especially when they are moved by a strong emotion. For example, when your husband runs into the house excited about a raise, you can pick up that something good is going on. That’s because you know how that person normally acts, and thus spotting a change from the norm is relatively easy and reliable. Rather than trying to make a list of tells, seek to understand people in your world by paying attention to both what they say and how they say it. Over time, you can become a reliable reader of the body language of the people you live and work with. 4．What is the purpose of the research? A．To illustrate why people see body language as “tells”. B．To present the relation between blinking and telling lies. C．To figure out under what circumstances people blink faster. D．To prove whether a certain physical response can clearly indicate someone’s intention. 5．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 mean? A．Hard to predict. B．Difficult to make sense. C．Caused by many reasons. D．Easy to be influenced by surroundings. 6．What does the example in the last but one paragraph show? A．People tend to be moved by their family. B．Body language can be interpreted easily in close relations. C．Reading body language doesn’t work in unfamiliar relationships. D．Emotional change is the foundation of understanding body language. 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．How to Read Body Language Reliably B．How to Tell a Lie through Body Language C．The Misunderstanding on Mastering Body Language D．Why Cannot Body Language Reflect a Person’s Real Intention? Passage 3 (23-24高二上·福建三明·期中) Ellen Xu, now 18, well remembers her parents rushing her little sister to the hospital when she was a five-year-old in San Diego, California. Three-year-old Kate fell seriously ill; she had a fever, reddened eyes, a rash (皮疹) and some swelling in her hands and tongue. At first, the puzzled doctors thought she had a flu, but when her condition didn't improve, the Xus returned to clinic, where. a doctor by chance had experience with Kawasaki disease. Though rare, it's the leading cause of acquired (后天的) heart disease in babies and young children, and its cause remains somewhat mysterious. Luckily, the doctor knew how to treat it and eventually Kate shook off the illness without suffering damage to her heart. Xu was amazed that the grown-ups couldn't answer her questions about why it was so hard to identify. “In my mind, it was a mystery,” she says, “It was a puzzle I wanted to solve.” A decade later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea: “What if we had a doctor in our pocket?” Using AI, Xu designed a medical app to recognize Kawasaki disease based on five physical symptoms (症状) . The technology works the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with photos you've taken on your cellphone. Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child, and the technology will scan the image for symptoms of Kawasaki disease. Xu's invention has been used as a web app on the Kawasaki Disease Foundation's website. She says, “It means a lot to me. I want to use Al to help people live happier and healthier lives.” 13．What disease did Kate catch? A．Eye problem. B．A flu. C．A rare disease. D．Heart attack. 14． What is the function of Xu's medical app? A．Curing Kate's disease. B．Solving any puzzles. C．Making doctors work better. D．Identifying Kawasaki disease. 15． The fifth paragraph is mainly about the app's ________. A．wide popularity B．working principles C．hidden risks D．social impacts 16． Which of the following can best describe Ellen Xu? A．Generous and determined. B．Energetic and helpful. C．Creative and caring. D．Curious and hardworking. 主题02 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·山西晋城·期中) Discover Rome with RomaBike Rentals & Tours Welcome to Rome, and welcome to RomaBike Rentals. Explore the timeless city with ease and excitement on one of our high-quality bicycles. Whether you want to admire the historic sites, enjoy the beautiful parks, or simply experience the charm of the narrow streets, cycling is the perfect way to get around. You can also take a relaxing ride to the picturesque countryside just outside of Rome.Why Choose RomaBike RomaBike has been serving visitors for over 20 years, making it a trusted name in bike rentals in Rome. With a collection of over 1,800 bikes ready at our four convenient locations, we ensure there’s always a bike ready for you. We offer a range of bikes, including standard bikes, mountain bikes, electric bikes, and bikes with child seats. We also provide helmets and locks at no extra charge.Rental Prices Type of Bike 2 Hours 4 Hours 1 Day(24 hours) Each Additional Day Standard Bike €8.00 €12.00 €16.00 €10.00 Electric Bike €15.00 €25.00 €35.00 €20.00 Mountain Bike €10.00 €16.00 €22.00 €12.00 Guided City Tours Join our 3 - hour guided tour that takes you through the Colosseum, Vatican City, Trevi Fountain, Piazza Navona, and many more famous sites. The tour leaves from Piazza Venezia every day at 10:00 am and 2:00 pm. Tickets can be bought at any RomaBike shop or booked online. 17．What are the benefits of choosing RomaBike for bike rentals? A．It provides free helmets and locks. B．It offers competitive rental prices. C．It has countless fixed locations in Rome. D．It gives price reductions for long-term rentals. 18．How much does it cost to rent a mountain bike for two days? A．€34.00. B．€32.00. C．€24.00. D．€22.00. 19．Where does the guided city tour start? A．The Colosseum. B．Vatican City. C．Piazza Venezia. D．Trevi Fountain. Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西阳泉·期中) Craig Blackburn, a father and car fan, built a Batmobile for his son’s hope for using the vehicle to brighten the lives of sick children. And now he hopes to use it for more than just his son’s hope after seeing the children’s reaction to the Batmobile. Based on the number of failures he had seen in car groups, he estimated that only about one in 50 attempted constructions was actually finished and he realized what an incredible opportunity he had. Mr Blackburn started the project at the beginning of 2018 after hearing a friend in the US was doing the same thing. It started with importing an outer shell overseas, before picking brains of a friend who had a background as a worker in a car factory to gain knowledge of how to build the car. With the help of his friend, Mr Blackburn built the Batmobile in 18 months with the cost reaching six figures. Mr Blackburn hoped to add flamethrower (喷火器) onto the back of the vehicle and said he had thought about building the more recent Batman Tumbler from the series film Dark Knight. Though Mr Blackburn encountered plenty of difficulties to get over during the construction, in September 2019, the car made its first show at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba, before being used by Blackburn’s son for his hope. “It was great. It was so good to see the kids and adults excitement at seeing the Batmobile,” Mr Blackburn said. As a result, the car lovers hope to make the car work on the roads as soon as possible so he can visit sick children and take them out with his son. 20．What is Craig Blackburn’s initial purpose of making the Batmobile? A．To show off at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba. B．To donate it to sick children. C．To pay his respects to the film Dark Knight. D．To realize his son’s dream. 21．How did Blackburn feel about the car-making at first? A．Confused. B．Hopeful. C．Unsure. D．Hopeless. 22．How did Blackburn’s friend help him? A．By making an outer shell for him. B．By sharing the knowledge of building cars. C．By offering him financial support. D．By telling him the background of the car factory. 23．What is the car lovers’ expectation of the Batmobile? A．It will appear in the next film about Batman. B．It can be displayed around the world. C．It can change the lives of sick children. D．It will be driven soon on the roads. Passage 3 (24-25高二上·云南·期中) If you have some free time in fall, would you like to go to the theatre? Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Sep. 12th, — Oct. 28th, 2024 Main Stage: UK Royal Opera House Follow Alice down the rabbit hole in Christopher Wheeldon’s beautiful ballet, inspired by Lewis Carroll’s much-loved book. Conducted by Koen Kessels. Last few tickets at $6.99. Music: Joby Talbot. Designer: Bob Crowley. Running time: 2hrs, 40 mins. Enjoy three of your favorite productions in our Autumn Season for a 10% discount. Cats Andrew Lloyd Webber’s long-running musical is back on Broadway! Jul. 31st, — Dec. 30th, 2024 No show on Wednesday. THEATER: Neil Simon Theatre, 250 West 52nd Street, New York, NY. Running time:2hrs, 20 mins. Buy tickets from $59! Group tickets: 12 seats or more. Les Misérables Start from Sep. 20th to Sep. 29th, 2024 The West End’s longest running classic musical, Les Misérables has been enjoyed by over 70million people in 42 countries and in 22 languages around the globe and is still breaking box-office records as it passes its 30th year in London. Book your Les Misérables tickets, playing at the Queen’s Theatre today. Running time: 3 hours. Buy group tickets from $69. If you require more than 8 tickets, please call us for great rates: 020-7492-0810. Recommended for children aged 7 or over; children under 5 will not be admitted. Carmen Check https: //www.laopera. org for best availability and lowest prices     ! “Much greater than any other opera” — Los Angeles Times. SCHEDULE: Opening on September 9th,2024. Opening night celebration tickets available. Call213-972-8097. Closing on October 1st, 2024. Running time: about three hours and 25 minutes, including two breaks. Two operas available: Opera at the Beach: Santa Monica Beach. Opera in the Park: Victoria’s Park. 24．Which show has the longest running time? A．Cats. B．Les Misérables. C．Carmen. D．Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. 25． How much does it cost if a couple want to see ballet? A．$6.99. B．$13.98. C．$59. D．$138. 26．What do Cats and Les Misérables have in common? A．They are both classic musicals. B．They are playing at Neil Simon Theatre. C．Their show time are more than three hours. D．Their group tickets are at least eight people. Passage 4 (23-24高二上·甘肃·期中) Art Contest — Technology &You! Technology is everywhere these days. Automation has pioneered innovation. Your phone is probably in your pocket or your hands at all times, and now it’s easier than ever to communicate with anyone in the world. What are your thoughts on technology, social media or your phone? Do you feel excitement every time you get a notification message, or do you feel tied down by these digital “chains”? However you feel, we want you to put that into artwork-paintings, digital art or photography. One winner and several honorable mentions will be featured in the December 2024 magazine, and the winner will receive a $25 gift card! You may even see your art work in future issues of Teen Ink magazine. Deadline: Nov. 1, 2024 Details and requirements: Entrants must have a Teen Ink account and be aged 13～19. Inappropriate content will not be accepted. Submissions must relate to the topic (technology). Entries must be a piece of artwork created by the entrants themselves. Entrants can submit as many pieces of art as they wish. How to submit: Entries can be submitted through the Teen Ink website. All entries submitted will be reviewed and considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. Make sure to submit your art work to the appropriate art category(technology) on Teen Ink. You can do this by using the “additional tags (标签)” field in your submission form. 27．What is the main theme of the art contest? A．The development of technology. B．The application of technology. C．Innovations of technology. D．Viewpoints on technology. 28．What is one of the requirements for submitting artwork to the contest? A．Submit original artwork. B．Submit artwork with a unique tag. C．Submit different types of artwork. D．Submit only one piece of artwork. 29．What is Teen Ink? A．A library. B．A magazine. C．An art school. D．An art museum. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·陕西汉中·期中) An endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan province, has been “reborn” in the Dianchi Lake basin, thanks to scientists’ efforts and the improvement of the basin’s ecological environment. The golden-line barbel (Sinocyclocheilus Grahami), a type of rare cave fish originally lives in Dianchi Lake, has been absent from the lake since the 1980s due to factors such as water pollution, reclamation (开垦) of land from lakes, and invasion of exotic species. In 2007, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Kunming Institute of Zoology achieveda breakthrough in the fish’s artificial breeding technology, making it the third Chinese nationally protected fish species to be successfully bred artificially, following the Chinese sturgeon and the red-bellied fish. Wang Xiaoai, a senior engineer at the Kunming Institute of Zoology, said since 2009, the institute has released over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel fingerlings (鱼苗) in the Dianchi Lake basin amid the improvement of the lake’s ecological environment and water quality. “According to our monitoring, these fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 for a decade in the Panlong River, one of the major rivers that flow into Dianchi Lake,” she said, noting that her research team has also been cultivating the native aquatic plants such as Ottelia acuminata, as well as snails and mussels to restore the local ecosystem. “Next, we hope to find some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake, which would demonstrate that the species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself in the current aquatic ecosystem,” Wang said. To date, the institute has made breakthroughs in artificial breeding techniques for 48 indigenous fish species in Yunnan, and has successfully restored wild populations of nine local fish species, she added. 30．What was the reason for the golden-line barbel’s disappearance 40 years ago? A．Water pollution. B．Overfishing. C．Food shortage. D．Internal competition. 31．What can be known form the passage? A．The number of the golden-line barbel was improved naturally. B．Scientists cleaned the lake and drove away the exotic species. C．Golden-line barbel was the first Chinese nationally protected fish species. D．Over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel was released to Dianchi Lake basin. 32．What can be inferred from Wang’s words? A．The species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself now. B．Scientists have already found some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake. C．The native aquatic plants, snails and mussels help to restore the local ecosystem. D．These fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 in the Dianchi Lake. 33．In which column of a magazine can we read this article? A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Sports. Passage 2 (24-25高二上·陕西西安·期中) Using AI, a group of researchers from Dalhousie University have begun the surprisingly complicated work of translating the language of chickens. This groundbreaking study about chicken vocalizations (发声) could have positive effects on chicken welfare. Chicken “speech” is actually a lot more complex than one might think-they squawk, cluck, and even purr. And the way they communicate with one another can be affected by their environment, age, and level of domestication (驯化) . In addition, according to The Debrief, chickens also communicate via visual cues such as body language and facial expressions. Luckily, the researchers were able to use new AI technologies to help interpret what chickens are saying. According to The Conversation, AI can process and analyze huge amounts of audio (音频的) data. It can recognize patterns and types of vocalizations. Using this information and an AI technique called Natural Language Processing, the researchers have begun to interpret the emotional states of chickens. In addition, the researchers also used data from video and thermal imaging (热成像) , tracking the chickens’ expressions and facial temperatures. This can be used to track how chickens respond to stressors. Neethirajan, an expert in stock farming (畜牧业) , and the lead researcher of the study, told The Conversation that his team’s interest in chicken communication is not just academic. The researchers hope that this could be a turning point in terms of stock farming. “Farmers can use this knowledge to create better living conditions, leading to healthier and happier chickens, This, in turn, can impact the quality of produce, animal health and overall farm efficiency,” he said. Additionally, he advocates for the use of this information to influence animal welfare policies. The more people understand animals, the more likely they are to care about their well-being. 34． The underlined word “welfare” is closest in meaning to _________. A．social security B．happiness C．communication D．domestication 35． What can we know about chicken “speech”? A．It is easy to understand. B．It is similar to other animals’. C．It follows the same pattern. D．It is influenced by multiple factors. 36． What role does AI play in the research? A．It deals with audio data. B．It tracks chickens’ expressions. C．It makes chickens speak more. D．It records chickens temperatures. 37． What would be a suitable title for the text? A．The Belief in Chicken Intelligence. B．AI and the Future of Farming. C．The Emotional World of Chickens. D．Chicken Language Understood. 主题01 人与社会——科技与生活 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·山西太原·期中) Graffiti drawings on tree holes along local streets in Shanghai have become a trendy sight, adding artistic charm and warmth to the cityscape, especially in the colder months. Animals like kangaroos, birds, peacocks, penguins along with other natural inhabitants have been painted on the trees with holes along Sichuan Road N. and North Bund in Hongkou District. Tree holes happen when a tree gets hurt and the soft wood inside is shown. Caretakers usually seal these holes with materials like cement (水泥) during winter to protect trees from fungi and bacteria. However, these grey, scar-like fillings don’t go well with the city environment and aren’t visually pleasing. To address this, the landscaping team in Hongkou District invited professional painters and graffiti artists to decorate the tree holes with innovative paintings in a pilot project. They first cleaned out the holes, applied safe materials to create smooth and water-resistant surfaces, and then used environmentally-friendly colors to paint them. Now, the tree holes look like homes for small animals, attracting curious looks from passers-by. These paintings not only create a sense of connection between people and nature, but also help to repair and cover the holes, preventing water loss and maintaining tree health. Each of the painted tree holes is expected to last for at least two years. The practice has drawn praise from residents and will therefore be promoted in more streets and parks in Hongkou, officials said. Zhou Jing, a resident living near Sichuan Road N., says that the tree-hole paintings not only add beauty to the commercial street, but also serve as a gentle reminder for people to cherish and safeguard the trees. 1． What is the main purpose of graffiti drawings on tree holes in Shanghai? A．To warn people of tree damage. B．To protect the trees from the cold. C．To cover the holes in a creative way. D．To attract more tourists to the streets. 2．How does the tree-hole painting project impact on the community? A．It adds to urban wildlife diversity. B．It starts discussions about public art. C．It benefits local shops and businesses. D．It promotes tree care and love for nature. 3． Where is the text probably from? A．A travel brochure. B．A local newspaper. C．A biology textbook. D．A fashion magazine. Passage 2 (24-25高二上·陕西汉中·期中) The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from coming true in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn’t leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车) services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. 4．What is the author’s major concern for self-driving cars? A．Expense. B．Management. C．Advantages. D．Safety. 5． What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Drivers’ improper use of self-driving cars. B．The new traffic rules for self-driving cars. C．The widespread application of self-driving cars. D．The possible bad effects of self-driving cars. 6． What is the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars? A．Indifferent. B．Disapproving. C．Positive. D．Negative. 7．What might be the best title for this passage? A．Preparing Cities for Self-driving Cars B．The Development of Driverless Minibuses C．The Technology of Inventing Self-driving Cars D．Future Transportation Rules Passage 3 (24-25高二上·陕西汉中·期中) In our fast-paced world, it’s easy to get caught up in small talk. Is there more to those conversations than meets the eye? In fact, small talk has the power to create meaningful connections and foster lasting relationships, all through the magic of shared hobbies. Small talk serves as a bridge that connects strangers, turning them into friends. Through small talk, we break the ice in social situations, creating a comfortable and friendly atmosphere that encourages open discussion. By starting conversations with simple and non-threatening topics, small talk allows us to ease into deeper and more meaningful conversations. It helps us find common ground and discover shared interests, laying the base for a deep connection. When we engage in small talk, we have an opportunity to go beyond the surface level and discover common interests and passions. Whether it’s a love for photography, a skill for gardening, or a passion for cooking, hobbies serve as a key to valuable connections. Finding common points is the key to unlocking meaningful connections. It is an art that includes discovering shared interests, experiences, or values that connect two people. Through a shared hobby, we can find friendship, understanding, and build relationships based on appreciation to each other. Moreover, small talk presents valuable networking opportunities. It enables us to connect with professionals from different industries, expanding our network and potentially opening doors to new career options. Furthermore, small talk is not limited to words alone. Non-verbal communication, such as gestures, facial expressions, and body language, adds depth to our conversations. It adds to our words, allowing us to express our intentions and emotions more effectively. In conclusion, the power of small talk can enrich our social lives and lead to more meaningful connections. It is through simple exchanges and interest in others that we can develop the friendship. So, let us recognize the significance of small talk and use its potential to create deep and lasting connections in our lives. 8．Which word can replace the underlined word “foster” in Paragraph 1? A．Attack. B．Develop. C．Escape. D．Remove. 9．What makes small talk serve as a way to ease into deep connections? A．An easy beginning. B．A quiet environment. C．A heated discussion. D．An excellent communication skill. 10．How can we express our feelings more effectively according to Paragraph 5? A．By chatting with interesting words. B．By developing the dialogue surprisingly. C．By applying gestures or facial expressions. D．By observing others’ way of speaking. 11．What advice might the author offer to us? A．Participating in more outdoor activities. B．Learning about others’ hobbies. C．Maintaining friendships carefully. D．Trying to connect with more people in our lives. Passage 4 (24-25高二上·陕西榆林·期中) We don’t know how different our life will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it. At first we think about human relationship. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet - even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people won’t be as important as they are today - we will feel a little lonely. Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us. Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar-powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly. We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment. But it isn’t true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. And, scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as health will be in a better condition. Although we can’t predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather confident about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen. 12．Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050? A．Because there will be less face-to-face communication. B．Because the number of people will become much smaller. C．Because people won’t like making friends with each other. D．Because people won’t communicate with each other much often. 13．The third paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．how people will use robots to do the housework B．that computers will do all the things for human beings C．that machines like computers and robots will help people a lot D．how people will use computers to communicate with each other 14．Which of the following will happen in 2050 according to the text? A．Environment will be more polluted with cars. B．It won’t be difficult for people to travel to other planets. C．The way of spending holidays will be the same as that of today. D．The relationship between people will be more important than that of today. 15．What does the text mainly talk about? A．What our life will be like in the year 2050. B．What high technology will appear in the year 2050. C．How people will communicate in the year 2050. D．How people will travel and spend their holidays in the year 2050. 主题02 人与自我——人际与健康 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·甘肃酒泉·期中) The relationship between Jeffrey Pang and his son, Kevin Pang, was like hot-and-sour soup. It boiled over easily. The Pangs, who moved to the United States in 1988, wanted their son and daughter to know Chinese culture. As a video game-playing American teen, Kevin wasn’t interested. But when Kevin became a food writer for the Chicago Tribune, he realized he had a valuable resource: his cook-loving dad. “My father and I shared, for the first time, a common interest. I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. He would school me on the world of Chinese food,” Kevin writes in the introduction to the cookbook he has just published. When it comes to cooking Chinese food, he points out that there is no one definition of Chinese food. “Chinese cooking is not hidebound. For example, consider baked pork chop rice(烤猪排饭), popularized in Hong Kong. It is a pork chop with egg-fried rice. And then you top it with this thick tomato sauce.” explains Kevin. “And then you top that with some cheese. It’s a very interesting combined dish that has some Western British influences, and it’s altogether very Chinese as well.” By the time Kevin joined America’s Test Kitchen (ATK) staff in 2020 as its editorial director for digital content, his dad had become an Internet celebrity demonstrating the family’s recipes. Kevin recognized an opportunity not only to share his own family’s food stories but also to apply the ATK method of breaking down recipes into simple steps for the home cook. “I think this cookbook can teach fathers and sons how to connect, how to find a common interest and improve their relationship.” Kevin says. That feeling has found a fan base, generating nearly 3 million views, for their online cooking series “Hunger Pangs”, where viewers speak highly of their father-son bond as much as they do of their attractive dishes. Today the Pangs’ relationship is rarely sour or hot. 16．Why would Kevin phone his father after becoming a food writer? A．To publish his Chinese cookbook. B．To inquire about hot-and-sour soup. C．To seek permission for video games. D．To ask about cooking Chinese food. 17．What does the underlined word “hidebound” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Unpleasant. B．Changeable. C．Inflexible. D．Unpopular. 18．What can we infer about Kevin and his father from the passage? A．Their relationship has improved. B．They run America’s Test Kitchen. C．They do dishes to attract followers. D．Their cookbook is about low-fat food. 19．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Cooking at home helps you cook well for less. B．Father and son teach Chinese cooking together. C．Chinese culture is becoming popular in the US. D．Recipes and cooking techniques are really easy. Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西·期中) Using genes from coffee plants from around the world, researchers built a family tree for the world’s most popular kind of coffee. Scientists call it Coffea arabica. Coffee lovers know it simply as “arabica”. The researchers recently published a new study about coffee. They found that the species appeared around 600,000 years ago. The plant was likely the result of natural breeding(繁殖) of two other coffee species and likely developed without the help of humans. Wild coffee plants likely started in Ethiopia. But they are thought to have been first roasted (炒) and brewed in Yemen starting in the 1400s. In the 1600s, Indian monk Baba Budan is said to have taken seven raw coffee beans back to his homeland from Yemen, laying the beginnings for coffee’s worldwide takeover. Arabica coffee, loved for its smooth and sweet flavour, now makes up 60 to 70 percent of the global coffee market. The rest of the market is made up of Robusta, a stronger and more bitter - tasting coffee made from one of arabica’s parents, Coffea canephora. To learn about arabica coffee’s past, researchers studied the genetic information and they also studied more than 30 different arabica plants. One of the plants was a sample from the1700s provided by the Natural History Museum in London. The Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used that plant to give coffee its scientific name. Researchers from Nestle, a big Swiss food company which owns several coffee brands, helped with the study. The arabica plant’s population changed over thousands of years before humans began growing it. The arabica plants did well during warm, wet periods and suffered through dry ones. These difficult times created what scientists call “population bottlenecks”, when only a small number of genetically similar plants survived. Today, these genetic similarities mean arabica coffee plants are more likely to be hurt by diseases like coffee leaf rust (锈病), which causes costly losses every year. The researchers explored the makeup of one arabica variety that is resistant to coffee leaf rust. They are interested in parts of its genetic code that could help protect the plant. Exploring arabica’ s past and present could help give information about how to keep coffee plants healthy — ensuring morning cups of coffee into the future. 20．When did people start creating coffee products probably? A．About 6,000,000 ago. B．In the 1400s. C．In the 1600s. D．In the 1700s. 21．What can we learn about Coffea canephora from the text? A．It occupies the vast majority of the market share. B．It is more popular among coffee lovers. C．It has a certain connection with Coffea arabica. D．Scientists use it to give coffee its scientific name. 22．Why have researchers established a family tree for Coffee arabica? A．To search for common genes. B．To explore the history of the coffee industry. C．To open up new coffee producing areas. D．To improve the disease resistance of coffee. 23．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Genetic Changes in Coffee B．Researchers Study Coffee’s Past C．Development of Various Types of Coffee D．The Situation Faced by the Coffee Industry Passage 3 (24-25高二上·广东·期中) You’ve most likely heard the news by now: A car-commuting, desk-bound, TV-watching lifestyle can be harmful to our health. All the time that we spend rooted in the chair is linked to increased risks of so many deadly diseases that experts have named this modern-day health epidemic the “sitting disease”. Sitting for too long slows down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢)and the way enzymes break down our fat reserves, raising both blood sugar levels and blood pressure. Small amounts of regular activity, even just standing and moving around, throughout the day is enough to bring the increased levels back down. And those small amounts of activity add up — 30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as effective as a half-hour block of exercise. But without that activity, blood sugar levels and blood pressure keep creeping up, steadily damaging the inside of the arteries (动脉) and increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and other serious diseases. In essence, fundamental changes in biology occur if you sit for too long. But wait, you’re a runner. You needn’t worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly, right? Well, not so fast. Recent studies show that people spend an average of 64 hours a week sitting, whether or not they exercise 150 minutes a week as recommended by World Health Organization(WHO). Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise. Overall, most people simply aren’t exercising or moving around enough to balance out all the harm that can result from sitting nine hours or more a day. Scared straight out of your chair? Good. The remedy is as simple as standing up and taking activity breaks. 24．Which is the best way to bring down high blood sugar level and blood pressure? A．Doing exercise for 150 minutes or more every week. B．Getting rid of the habit of car commuting and TV watching. C．Standing or moving around for at least two minutes every day. D．Interrupting sitting time with light activity as often as possible. 25．What does the word “sedentary” in the third paragraph most likely mean? A．Inactive. B．Risky. C．Overloaded. D．Unbalanced. 26．Which of the following may be inferred about those who do serious exercise? A．They always meet the exercise standard recommended by WHO. B．They tend to stand or move less on the days when they work out. C．They usually remove all the harmful effects of sitting for too long. D．They generally spend less time sitting than those who do not exercise. 27．What is the passage mainly, about? A．The challenges of the modern lifestyle. B．The effect of regular activity on our body. C．The reasons for the spread of a modern epidemic. D．The threat to our health from long hours of sitting. Passage 4 (24-25高二上·宁夏·期中) We all have good days and bad days with our health, and it can be difficult when our bodies are not performing the way we want them to or need them to. But our health is not out of our power to control. As a matter of fact, we all do have a super powerful tool right in our own heads. It’s our amazing brain. Researchers that study the brain-body connection have shown in numerous experiments how the brain can be tricked into believing it is getting better. A simple sugar pill (药片) can relieve pain or even cure an illness if the person believes that the pill being taken is genuine medicine. That’s how powerful our brains are. They can make physical changes in our bodies beyond what we would normally give them credit for. There is a book I reread regularly called Super Brain. The authors, Deepak Chopra and Rudolph E. Tanzi, point out that any of us can, if we choose, set up or create our own placebo (安慰剂) effect at any time without any kind of pill. What’s super interesting, as Chopra and Tanzi explain, is that “the effect isn’t limited to drugs, which is important to remember: anything you believe in can act as a placebo”. They also ask where the relief comes from when the placebos are not actually doing anything themselves. They explain that it is simply “the mind telling the body to get well”. The body really believes what it was being told and then it relieves the pain or heals (治愈) the sickness because it believes it can. In other words, your mind can and does influence healing of all kinds including pain, disease and wounds that our bodies deal with from time to time. That is certainly worth trying for most, if not all of us, whenever we want to cure our pain, problems or disease. These kinds of things are probably very helpful to do on a regular basis even. 28．What does the author think of the role of the brain in health? A．It’s strange. B．It’s powerless. C．It’s fantastic. D．It’s uncertain. 29．What does Super Brain suggest about placebo effects? A．They need pills. B．They’re limited to drugs. C．They’re always temporary. D．They can be created mentally. 30．What is the key for a placebo to work according to the text? A．The degree of pain. B．The person’s belief. C．The type of illness. D．The doctor’s advice. 31．What does the author want to say in the text? A．Placebo s are ineffective in medicine. B．Medicine is the best way to treat illness. C．Pain cannot be relieved without medicine. D．The mind influences the healing of the body. 主题03 人与自然——环保与可持续发展 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·福建宁德·期中) A fin whale body that was washed ashore at San Diego's Pacific Beach was discovered to have many bite marks from killer whales, which could have contributed to its death, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). At first, NOAA researchers deemed the marks might be from sharks, but further analysis (分析) by experts showed that these were actually rake (耙子) marks, an unusual feature of killer whales, as stated by NOAA spokesperson Michael Milstein. While it is possible that killer whales played a role in the fin whale's death, NOAA has not confirmed that they were the definitive cause. Milstein noted that there are documented instances where killer whales have chased fin whales, causing them to beach themselves in attempts to escape. This suggests that killer whales could have influenced the whale's fate (命运) , but there is no certainty that they were the direct cause of death. Additionally, NOAA reported sightings of a group of about a dozen killer whales along the Southern California coast, including San Diego. Boaters in the area filmed footage of a group of killer whales actively chasing and likely feeding on dolphins near Torrey Pines. This indicates that killer whales are currently active in the region and may take part in various predatory (捕食性的) behaviors. The fin whale's body was discovered on December 10. Lifeguards spent the entire day trying to drag the whale back out to sea, but despite their efforts, the body returned to shore at least once. The whale was observed bleeding from its side, and attempts to pull it away using a small boat connected to its tail were unsuccessful. Fin whales, which are the second-largest whale species on Earth after blue whales, are considered endangered and relatively few in number. These whales can weigh up to 100,000 pounds. NOAA highly values public reports regarding stranded (搁浅的) or injured sea animals. NOAA extremely appreciates such reports and encourages the public to provide information on how to report these incidents. NOAA supposes that it is time for all to work together. 32．What does the underlined word “deemed” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Complained. B．Persuaded. C．Forgot. D．Believed. 33．What could killer whales do to cause the possible death of the fin whale? A．Drag it to the shore. B．Hit it unexpectedly. C．Chase it until it beached itself. D．Attack it in a group. 34．What can we know about killer whales from paragraph 3? A．They are observed to be active near Torrey Pines. B．They are a new threat to the local ecosystem. C．They hardly take part in predatory behaviors. D．Their presence is causing concern for locals. 35．What is NOAA's attitude towards public reports? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Worried. Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西晋城·期中) When Sarah was a child, she loved visiting the beach near her home, collecting seashells and observing ocean life. She was fascinated by the bright colors and various forms of life she found in the tide pools. As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage. After studying ocean biology and environmental science in college, Sarah returned to her childhood love for the ocean, now with new questions in mind. How can we reduce plastic waste in the sea? What measures can protect endangered ocean animals? With the right research and protection efforts, she thought, maybe she could make a difference. She decided to focus her career on protecting the ocean. Sarah’s first major project was to start a program to clean up plastic waste from local beaches. She organized a team of volunteers, worked with the local government, set up recycling bins, and held educational workshops. After months of effort, the beaches were noticeably cleaner, and the community became more aware of the importance of recycling. Over the years, Sarah has successfully led many projects. She started a project to protect coral reefs by promoting eco-friendly tourism practices and established a care center for injured sea turtles. One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid (酸性的) levels through creative methods. “Environmental care” is what Sarah calls her approach. “The ocean is a valuable resource that supports life on Earth,” she says. “By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.” 36．What can be inferred about Sarah’s early interest in ocean life? A．It delayed her decision to choose a career path. B．It was just for fun and had no long-term impact. C．It made her interested in tourism and ocean animals. D．It led her to seek a career focused on ocean conservation. 37．What was one of Sarah’s most difficult projects? A．Lowering ocean acid levels. B．Starting a sea turtle care center. C．Promoting eco-friendly tourism. D．Reducing plastic waste on beaches. 38．What does Sarah believe is key for ocean protection? A．Individual efforts. B．Science and education. C．Advanced technology. D．New laws and regulations. 39．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Sarah’s childhood hobbies and interests. B．Different methods of cleaning up ocean pollution. C．Sarah’s career in ocean tourism and beach activities. D．The importance of protecting sea life and ecosystems. Passage 3 (23-24高二上·广东深圳·期中) When it comes to going green, intention can be easier than action. Case in point: you decide to buy a T-shirt made from 100% organic cotton. But that green label doesn’t tell the whole story — like the fact that even organic cotton requires more than 10,000 L of water to grow enough fibre for one T-shirt. Or the possibility that the T-shirt may have been dyed (染色) using harmful industrial chemicals. If you knew all that, would you still consider the T-shirt green? Would you still buy it? It’s a hard question to answer. That’s because the global economy development is beyond our ability to comprehend the consequences — for ourselves and the planet. We are not prepared to understand the increasing impact of industrial chemicals on our children’s health or the climate. And we lack the data to understand the full impact of what we choose. But what if we could calculate the full lifetime effect of our actions on the earth and on our bodies? Not just carbon footprints but social and biological footprints as well? What if we could think ecologically? That’s what psychologist Daniel Goleman describes in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence. He compiles (汇编) the environmental and biological impact of our every decision and delivers that information to consumers in a user-friendly way. That’s thinking ecologically — understanding the global environmental consequences of our local choices. Ecological intelligence is ultimately about more than what we buy. It’s also about our ability to accept that we live in a closely connected world with limited resources. Goleman highlights the Tibetan community of Sher, where for thousands of years, villagers have survived severe conditions by carefully protecting every resource available to them. The Tibetans think ecologically because they have no other choice. Neither do we. “We once had the luxury to ignore our impacts,” says Goleman. “Not any more.” 40．Why is it hard for us to decide whether a T-shirt is green or not? A．The green label tells lies. B．We lack enough knowledge. C．The economy grows too slowly. D．We are misled by false data. 41．What does Ecological Intelligence encourage readers to do? A．Increase carbon footprints. B．Give up regular consumption. C．Develop ecological thinking. D．Deliver information to customers. 42．How do the Tibetans of Sher live? A．By searching for new resources. B．By living on plentiful resources. C．By distributing resources reasonably. D．By treasuring their resources seriously. 43．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To instruct manufacturers how to go green. B．To introduce and advocate ecological intelligence. C．To warn people of the dangers of ecological crisis. D．To illustrate the origin of ecological intelligence. Passage 4 (24-25高二上·福建宁德·期中) Firstly, Mohiuddin was looking at global environmental issues with the hope of finding one that his entrepreneurial (企业家的) spirit could deal with. He would finally focus on plastic use, the overreliance on it in society, and the dangers of plastic pollution in the form of microplastic particles (颗粒). In particular, he wanted to find an alternative to one of the most common plastic products used today: the plastic shopping bag. According to The Better India, he started studying a biodegradable polymer (生物可降解聚合物) that was first formed and researched in the 1980s called PBAT. At the time, it was made with corn and potatoes. After identifying a suitable class of machinery to produce the PBAT bags in Gujarat, his speech on PBAT received nearly $100,000 in seed funding that allowed him to start the project. “I tried to balance both my studies and the operations of the company — from collecting raw material, helping workers to produce bags, to delivering the products in the market,” Mohiuddin told The Better India. “I used to sleep in a corner in the factory.” Overcoming bankruptcy (破产), university studies, and long-term unfinished orders, Mohiuddin’s startup company finally started to make profits, and today produces almost 500,000 bags per year, with a total revenue of $ 180,000. “I am glad I am able to contribute my part. Not having a normal college life can be tiring sometimes, but in the end, it is all worth it. I feel content when I go back to sleep. But much more needs to be done to make India plastic-free, and I will continue to strive for it,” he adds. 44．What is the primary focus of Mohiuddin’s entrepreneurial efforts? A．To develop replacements to plastic shopping bags. B．To improve traditional plastic products. C．To promote the use of corn in producing. D．To lengthen the use of plastic shopping bags. 45．What was the result of Mohiuddin’s speech on PBAT? A．He received a sum of money for his studies. B．He gained the fund to start his project. C．He got to know many investors. D．He decided to put off the project. 46．What can be inferred about Mohiuddin from paragraph 3? A．He solved many kinds of environmental issues. B．He was willing to lose personal comfort for his goals. C．He considered learning more important than business. D．He sought advice from experts for developing his business. 47．How does Mohiuddin feel about the progress he has made? A．Confused. B．Regretful. C．Satisfied. D．Challenged. 试卷第18页，共27页 试卷第19页，共27页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 阅读理解 应用文 主题01 人与自我——生存与发展 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·山西·期中) Chilean food company NotCo has been working on a popular meal for people in Latin America and Asia: turtle soup. The meal tastes like turtle soup but has no parts of the creature in it. The company says it uses artificial intelligence (AI) to create the food. It hopes to raise awareness about the endangered reptile (爬行动物). Bernardo Moltedo leads the science behind the effort for NotCo. He used the term “impact” - meaning an effect or change - to describe the effort. NotCo uses an AI programme to help it decide what to use. The programme examined 300,000 plants and made 260 quintillion combinations until it found a mix of five proteins that most closely reproduced the taste of turtle meat. For now, neither the plant-based turtle meat nor the soup are for sale. But the company plans on holding an online class to teach people how to prepare the soup.Other Foods With a presence in 12 countries, NotCo creates foods such as hamburgers, milk, or ice cream from plants. These food creations have a similar taste and texture to foods prepared with traditional animal-based ingredients (原料).Background Information Green turtles - traditionally used in turtle soup - are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s red list of endangered species. The creatures numbers are affected by pollution, extreme weather and fishing. The exploitation of these sea turtles is prohibited in most countries in the world. However, turtle soup remains in high demand in countries throughout Asia and Latin America, including China, Mexico, Peru, Malaysia and others. 1．What is the purpose of using AI to reproduce turtle soup? A．To improve NotCo’s reputation. B．To change traditional production methods. C．To raise public awareness of animal protection. D．To enhance the competitiveness of products. 2．Which plant-based product of NotCo has not yet been put into the market? A．Turtle soup. B．Hamburgers. C．Milk. D．Ice cream. 3．What is the text? A．A food advertisement. B．A biological survey report. C．A science fiction novel. D．A news article on technology. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一家食品公司研制出一种受欢迎的食品，旨在保护野生动物。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The company says it uses artificial intelligence (AI) to create the food. It hopes to raise awareness about the endangered reptile (爬行动物). (该公司表示，他们使用人工智能来制作食物。它希望提高人们对这种濒危爬行动物的认识。)”可知，用人工智能复制龟汤的目的是提高公众保护动物的意识。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“For now, neither the plant-based turtle meat nor the soup are for sale. (目前，植物性龟肉和龟汤都不出售。)”可知，NotCo的龟汤还没有投入市场。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Chilean food company NotCo has been working on a popular meal for people in Latin America and Asia: turtle soup. (智利食品公司NotCo一直在开发一种受拉丁美洲和亚洲人欢迎的食物：龟汤。)”以及文章介绍了一家食品公司研制出一种受欢迎的食品，旨在保护野生动物。可知，这是一篇科技类新闻。故选D。 Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西阳泉·期中) People often use body language to decode (解读) lying. People may say one thing and be signaling another, so body language is a useful way to find out the truth. One of the ways to show someone is lying is blinking: The idea is that blinking faster indicates a potential lie. So, is blink rate a reliable indicator of how likely the person is to be telling the truth? What does the research show? Researchers studied competitors on a TV quiz show in 2023. The research demonstrates beautifully the danger in identifying specific physical responses as “tells” of a particular thought or intention. First of all, people do blink faster under stress. But that simply indicates a stress response, not a declaration (声明) of the intention behind the stress. Moreover, it turns out that blinking also slows when you are thinking hard and can speed up when you are signaling that you are hearing a question or getting ready to give an answer. In this way, blinking is like so many other individual bits of body language: It is multi-determined. We may cross our arms because we’re defensive or because we’re tired, cold, or ready to quit. But in more familiar relationships in the workplace or beyond, most humans are reasonably good at reading the signals of people whom they know well-long-time colleagues, friends, family, especially when they are moved by a strong emotion. For example, when your husband runs into the house excited about a raise, you can pick up that something good is going on. That’s because you know how that person normally acts, and thus spotting a change from the norm is relatively easy and reliable. Rather than trying to make a list of tells, seek to understand people in your world by paying attention to both what they say and how they say it. Over time, you can become a reliable reader of the body language of the people you live and work with. 4．What is the purpose of the research? A．To illustrate why people see body language as “tells”. B．To present the relation between blinking and telling lies. C．To figure out under what circumstances people blink faster. D．To prove whether a certain physical response can clearly indicate someone’s intention. 5．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 mean? A．Hard to predict. B．Difficult to make sense. C．Caused by many reasons. D．Easy to be influenced by surroundings. 6．What does the example in the last but one paragraph show? A．People tend to be moved by their family. B．Body language can be interpreted easily in close relations. C．Reading body language doesn’t work in unfamiliar relationships. D．Emotional change is the foundation of understanding body language. 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．How to Read Body Language Reliably B．How to Tell a Lie through Body Language C．The Misunderstanding on Mastering Body Language D．Why Cannot Body Language Reflect a Person’s Real Intention? 【答案】4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了如何有效解读肢体语言，并指出了其局限性。 4．推理判断题。由文章第二段“So, is blink rate a reliable indicator of how likely the person is to be telling the truth? What does the research show? (那么，眨眼频率是判断一个人说真话可能性的可靠指标吗？研究表明了什么？)”和第三段中“Researchers studied competitors on a TV quiz show in 2023. The research demonstrates beautifully the danger in identifying specific physical responses as “tells” of a particular thought or intention. (2023年，研究人员研究了电视问答节目中参赛者的眨眼频率。研究表明，将特定的身体反应视为某种想法或意图的“信号”存在很大的风险。)”可知，研究的目的是证明某种身体反应是否能清楚地表明某人的意图。故选D。 5．词句猜测题。由文章第四段“In this way, blinking is like so many other individual bits of body language: It is multi-determined. We may cross our arms because we’re defensive or because we’re tired, cold, or ready to quit. (这样看来，眨眼就像许多其他单独的肢体语言一样：它是multi-determined。我们可能会双臂交叉，因为我们是防御性的，或者因为我们累了，冷了，或者准备放弃。)”可知，眨眼是由多种原因引起的。multi-determined的意思是“原因很多，由多种原因引起”。A. Hard to predict很难预测；B. Difficult to make sense很难理解；C. Caused by many reasons原因很多；D. Easy to be influenced by surroundings容易受到周围环境的影响。故选C。 6．推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中“But in more familiar relationships in the workplace or beyond, most humans are reasonably good at reading the signals of people whom they know well-long-time colleagues, friends, family, especially when they are moved by a strong emotion. For example, when your husband runs into the house excited about a raise, you can pick up that something good is going on. That’s because you know how that person normally acts, and thus spotting a change from the norm is relatively easy and reliable. (但在工作场所或其他更熟悉的关系中，大多数人都相当善于解读他们熟悉的人——长期的同事、朋友、家人——发出的信号，尤其是当他们被一种强烈的情感所感动的时候。例如，当你的丈夫因为加薪而兴奋地跑进家里时，你可以察觉到一些好事正在发生。这是因为你知道那个人通常是怎么做的，因此发现与常规不同的变化相对容易和可靠。)”可知，这个例子展示了在亲密关系中，人们更容易准确解读身体语言。故选B。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段“Researchers studied competitors on a TV quiz show in 2023. The research demonstrates beautifully the danger in identifying specific physical responses as “tells” of a particular thought or intention. First of all, people do blink faster under stress. But that simply indicates a stress response, not a declaration of the intention behind the stress. Moreover, it turns out that blinking also slows when you are thinking hard and can speed up when you are signaling that you are hearing a question or getting ready to give an answer. (研究人员研究了2023年电视智力竞赛节目中的竞争对手。这项研究很好地证明了将特定的身体反应识别为特定想法或意图的危险。首先，人们在压力下眨眼的速度更快。但这仅仅表明了一种压力反应，而不是对压力背后意图的声明。此外，事实证明，当你在认真思考时，眨眼也会减慢速度，而当你发出正在听问题或准备回答的信号时，眨眼会加快速度。)”可知，本文主要讨论了如何通过注意人们说话的内容和方式来可靠地解读身体语言，而不是简单地列出一些所谓的“信号”。选项A“How to Read Body Language Reliably (如何可靠地阅读肢体语言)”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 3 (23-24高二上·福建三明·期中) Ellen Xu, now 18, well remembers her parents rushing her little sister to the hospital when she was a five-year-old in San Diego, California. Three-year-old Kate fell seriously ill; she had a fever, reddened eyes, a rash (皮疹) and some swelling in her hands and tongue. At first, the puzzled doctors thought she had a flu, but when her condition didn't improve, the Xus returned to clinic, where. a doctor by chance had experience with Kawasaki disease. Though rare, it's the leading cause of acquired (后天的) heart disease in babies and young children, and its cause remains somewhat mysterious. Luckily, the doctor knew how to treat it and eventually Kate shook off the illness without suffering damage to her heart. Xu was amazed that the grown-ups couldn't answer her questions about why it was so hard to identify. “In my mind, it was a mystery,” she says, “It was a puzzle I wanted to solve.” A decade later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea: “What if we had a doctor in our pocket?” Using AI, Xu designed a medical app to recognize Kawasaki disease based on five physical symptoms (症状) . The technology works the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with photos you've taken on your cellphone. Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child, and the technology will scan the image for symptoms of Kawasaki disease. Xu's invention has been used as a web app on the Kawasaki Disease Foundation's website. She says, “It means a lot to me. I want to use Al to help people live happier and healthier lives.” 13．What disease did Kate catch? A．Eye problem. B．A flu. C．A rare disease. D．Heart attack. 14． What is the function of Xu's medical app? A．Curing Kate's disease. B．Solving any puzzles. C．Making doctors work better. D．Identifying Kawasaki disease. 15． The fifth paragraph is mainly about the app's ________. A．wide popularity B．working principles C．hidden risks D．social impacts 16． Which of the following can best describe Ellen Xu? A．Generous and determined. B．Energetic and helpful. C．Creative and caring. D．Curious and hardworking. 【答案】13．C 14．D 15．B 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍18岁的Ellen Xu设计了一款基于五种身体症状识别川崎病的医疗app的故事。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“At first, the puzzled doctors thought she had a flu, but when her condition didn't improve, the Xus returned to clinic, where. a doctor by chance had experience with Kawasaki disease. Though rare, it's the leading cause of acquired (后天的) heart disease in babies and young children, and its cause remains somewhat mysterious. Luckily, the doctor knew how to treat it and eventually Kate shook off the illness without suffering damage to her heart. (起初，困惑的医生以为她得了流感，但当她的病情没有好转时，徐家又回到了诊所。一位医生偶然接触过川崎病。虽然罕见，但它是婴儿和幼儿获得性心脏病的主要原因，其原因仍然有些神秘。幸运的是，医生知道如何治疗，最终凯特摆脱了疾病，心脏没有受到损害。)”可知凯特得了川崎病，是一种罕见的病，故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段“A decade later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea: “What if we had a doctor in our pocket?” Using AI, Xu designed a medical app to recognize Kawasaki disease based on five physical symptoms (症状) . (十年后，她想参加一个高中科学博览会，她有了一个想法：“如果我们口袋里有一个医生会怎么样？”利用人工智能，徐设计了一款基于五种身体症状识别川崎病的医疗应用程序。)”可知徐的医疗app能识别川崎病，故选D。 15．主旨大意题。根据第五段“The technology works the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with photos you've taken on your cellphone. Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child, and the technology will scan the image for symptoms of Kawasaki disease. (这项技术的工作原理与通过手机拍摄的照片识别鸟类和植物的应用程序相同。忧心忡忡的父母可以上传他们为孩子拍摄的照片，该技术将扫描图像，寻找川崎病的症状。)”可知本段主要介绍了徐的医疗app的工作原理，故选B。 16．推理判断题。根据第四段“A decade later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea: “What if we had a doctor in our pocket?” Using AI, Xu designed a medical app to recognize Kawasaki disease based on five physical symptoms (症状) . (十年后，她想参加一个高中科学博览会，她有了一个想法：“如果我们口袋里有一个医生会怎么样？”利用人工智能，徐设计了一款基于五种身体症状识别川崎病的医疗应用程序。)”可知她设计了这款医疗app，说明她很有创造力，再根据最后一段“Xu's invention has been used as a web app on the Kawasaki Disease Foundation's website. She says, “It means a lot to me. I want to use Al to help people live happier and healthier lives.” (徐的发明已经在川崎疾病基金会的网站上作为一个网络应用程序使用。她说： “这对我来说意义重大。 我想用人工智能来帮助人们过上更快乐、更健康的生活。” ) ”可知，徐是有爱心的，故选C。 主题02 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·山西晋城·期中) Discover Rome with RomaBike Rentals & Tours Welcome to Rome, and welcome to RomaBike Rentals. Explore the timeless city with ease and excitement on one of our high-quality bicycles. Whether you want to admire the historic sites, enjoy the beautiful parks, or simply experience the charm of the narrow streets, cycling is the perfect way to get around. You can also take a relaxing ride to the picturesque countryside just outside of Rome.Why Choose RomaBike RomaBike has been serving visitors for over 20 years, making it a trusted name in bike rentals in Rome. With a collection of over 1,800 bikes ready at our four convenient locations, we ensure there’s always a bike ready for you. We offer a range of bikes, including standard bikes, mountain bikes, electric bikes, and bikes with child seats. We also provide helmets and locks at no extra charge.Rental Prices Type of Bike 2 Hours 4 Hours 1 Day(24 hours) Each Additional Day Standard Bike €8.00 €12.00 €16.00 €10.00 Electric Bike €15.00 €25.00 €35.00 €20.00 Mountain Bike €10.00 €16.00 €22.00 €12.00 Guided City Tours Join our 3 - hour guided tour that takes you through the Colosseum, Vatican City, Trevi Fountain, Piazza Navona, and many more famous sites. The tour leaves from Piazza Venezia every day at 10:00 am and 2:00 pm. Tickets can be bought at any RomaBike shop or booked online. 17．What are the benefits of choosing RomaBike for bike rentals? A．It provides free helmets and locks. B．It offers competitive rental prices. C．It has countless fixed locations in Rome. D．It gives price reductions for long-term rentals. 18．How much does it cost to rent a mountain bike for two days? A．€34.00. B．€32.00. C．€24.00. D．€22.00. 19．Where does the guided city tour start? A．The Colosseum. B．Vatican City. C．Piazza Venezia. D．Trevi Fountain. 【答案】17．A 18．A 19．C 【导语】本篇是应用文。文章主要介绍了在罗马进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式、价格等细节。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“We also provide helmets and locks at no extra charge.(我们还免费提供头盔和锁)”可知，选择RomaBike租赁自行车的好处是它提供免费的头盔和锁。故选A项。 18．细节理解题。根据文章 Rental Prices部分中“Mountain Bike:1 Day(24 hours) €22.00, Each Additional Day€12.00(山地自行车: 22欧元一天，每增加一天为12欧元)”可知，租一辆山地自行车一天和额外一天的费用为 €22.00+€12.00=€34.00，故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Join our 3 - hour guided tour that takes you through the Colosseum, Vatican City, Trevi Fountain, Piazza Navona, and many more famous sites. The tour leaves from Piazza Venezia every day at 10:00 am and 2:00 pm. Tickets can be bought at any RomaBike shop or booked online.(加入我们的3小时导游之旅，带您参观罗马斗兽场，梵蒂冈城，特莱维喷泉，纳沃纳广场和许多著名景点。每天上午10点和下午2点从威尼斯广场出发。门票可以在任何一家RomaBike商店购买或在网上预订)”可知，导游之旅从威尼斯广场出发，故选C项。 Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西阳泉·期中) Craig Blackburn, a father and car fan, built a Batmobile for his son’s hope for using the vehicle to brighten the lives of sick children. And now he hopes to use it for more than just his son’s hope after seeing the children’s reaction to the Batmobile. Based on the number of failures he had seen in car groups, he estimated that only about one in 50 attempted constructions was actually finished and he realized what an incredible opportunity he had. Mr Blackburn started the project at the beginning of 2018 after hearing a friend in the US was doing the same thing. It started with importing an outer shell overseas, before picking brains of a friend who had a background as a worker in a car factory to gain knowledge of how to build the car. With the help of his friend, Mr Blackburn built the Batmobile in 18 months with the cost reaching six figures. Mr Blackburn hoped to add flamethrower (喷火器) onto the back of the vehicle and said he had thought about building the more recent Batman Tumbler from the series film Dark Knight. Though Mr Blackburn encountered plenty of difficulties to get over during the construction, in September 2019, the car made its first show at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba, before being used by Blackburn’s son for his hope. “It was great. It was so good to see the kids and adults excitement at seeing the Batmobile,” Mr Blackburn said. As a result, the car lovers hope to make the car work on the roads as soon as possible so he can visit sick children and take them out with his son. 20．What is Craig Blackburn’s initial purpose of making the Batmobile? A．To show off at the Carnival of Flowers in Toowoomba. B．To donate it to sick children. C．To pay his respects to the film Dark Knight. D．To realize his son’s dream. 21．How did Blackburn feel about the car-making at first? A．Confused. B．Hopeful. C．Unsure. D．Hopeless. 22．How did Blackburn’s friend help him? A．By making an outer shell for him. B．By sharing the knowledge of building cars. C．By offering him financial support. D．By telling him the background of the car factory. 23．What is the car lovers’ expectation of the Batmobile? A．It will appear in the next film about Batman. B．It can be displayed around the world. C．It can change the lives of sick children. D．It will be driven soon on the roads. 【答案】20．D 21．C 22．B 23．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲Craig Blackburn为了实现儿子的愿望，在朋友的帮助下建造了一辆蝙蝠车的故事。 20．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Craig Blackburn, a father and car fan, built a Batmobile for his son’s hope for using the vehicle to brighten the lives of sick children. (Craig Blackburn是一名父亲和车迷，他为了儿子的希望，制造了一辆蝙蝠车，希望用这辆车照亮生病儿童的生活)”可知，为了实现儿子的梦想，Craig Blackburn制造了蝙蝠车。故选D项。 21．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Based on the number of failures he had seen in car groups, he estimated that only about one in 50 attempted constructions was actually finished and he realized what an incredible opportunity he had. (基于他在汽车团体中所见的失败次数，他估计大约只有五十分之一的尝试建造能够真正完成，并且他意识到自己拥有了一个多么难得的机会)”可推知，他对于建造蝙蝠车是不确定的。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“It started with importing an outer shell overseas, before picking brains of a friend who had a background as a worker in a car factory to gain knowledge of how to build the car. (一开始是从国外进口一件外壳，然后向一位有汽车厂工作背景的朋友请教如何制造汽车)”可知，他的朋友是通过分享制造汽车的知识帮助他的。故选B项。 23．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“As a result, the car lovers hope to make the car work on the roads as soon as possible so he can visit sick children and take them out with his son. (因此，这位汽车爱好者希望这辆车能尽快上路，以便他能带着生病的孩子们出去，和儿子一起享受时光)”可知，爱车人士希望这辆蝙蝠车能尽快上路。故选D项。 Passage 3 (24-25高二上·云南·期中) If you have some free time in fall, would you like to go to the theatre? Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland Sep. 12th, — Oct. 28th, 2024 Main Stage: UK Royal Opera House Follow Alice down the rabbit hole in Christopher Wheeldon’s beautiful ballet, inspired by Lewis Carroll’s much-loved book. Conducted by Koen Kessels. Last few tickets at $6.99. Music: Joby Talbot. Designer: Bob Crowley. Running time: 2hrs, 40 mins. Enjoy three of your favorite productions in our Autumn Season for a 10% discount. Cats Andrew Lloyd Webber’s long-running musical is back on Broadway! Jul. 31st, — Dec. 30th, 2024 No show on Wednesday. THEATER: Neil Simon Theatre, 250 West 52nd Street, New York, NY. Running time:2hrs, 20 mins. Buy tickets from $59! Group tickets: 12 seats or more. Les Misérables Start from Sep. 20th to Sep. 29th, 2024 The West End’s longest running classic musical, Les Misérables has been enjoyed by over 70million people in 42 countries and in 22 languages around the globe and is still breaking box-office records as it passes its 30th year in London. Book your Les Misérables tickets, playing at the Queen’s Theatre today. Running time: 3 hours. Buy group tickets from $69. If you require more than 8 tickets, please call us for great rates: 020-7492-0810. Recommended for children aged 7 or over; children under 5 will not be admitted. Carmen Check https: //www.laopera. org for best availability and lowest prices     ! “Much greater than any other opera” — Los Angeles Times. SCHEDULE: Opening on September 9th,2024. Opening night celebration tickets available. Call213-972-8097. Closing on October 1st, 2024. Running time: about three hours and 25 minutes, including two breaks. Two operas available: Opera at the Beach: Santa Monica Beach. Opera in the Park: Victoria’s Park. 24．Which show has the longest running time? A．Cats. B．Les Misérables. C．Carmen. D．Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. 25． How much does it cost if a couple want to see ballet? A．$6.99. B．$13.98. C．$59. D．$138. 26．What do Cats and Les Misérables have in common? A．They are both classic musicals. B．They are playing at Neil Simon Theatre. C．Their show time are more than three hours. D．Their group tickets are at least eight people. 【答案】24．C 25．B 26．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了秋季剧院将上演的节目，包括时间、地点及票价等。 24．细节理解题。根据文章各个节目的播放时长，《爱丽丝梦游仙境》2小时40分钟；《猫》2小时20分钟；《悲惨世界》3小时；《卡门》3小时25分钟。可知播放时长最长的是《卡门》，故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据《爱丽丝梦游仙境》节目的票价可知，一张票价是6.99美元，如果一对夫妇看演出，两个人就要花费6.99+6.99=13.98美元。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据Cats部分中“Andrew Lloyd Webber’s long-running classic music al is back on Broadway!( 安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯的经典音乐剧回归百老汇！)”以及Les Misérables部分中“The West End’s longest running classic musical, Les Misérables has been enjoyed by over 70million people in 42 countries and in 22 languages around the globe and is still breaking box-office records as it passes its 30th year in London.(作为伦敦西区上演时间最长的经典音乐剧，Les Misérables在全球42个国家以22种语言被超过7000万人欣赏，在伦敦上演30周年之际，它仍在打破票房纪录)”可知，《猫》和《悲惨世界》的共同点是都是音乐剧，故选A。 Passage 4 (23-24高二上·甘肃·期中) Art Contest — Technology &You! Technology is everywhere these days. Automation has pioneered innovation. Your phone is probably in your pocket or your hands at all times, and now it’s easier than ever to communicate with anyone in the world. What are your thoughts on technology, social media or your phone? Do you feel excitement every time you get a notification message, or do you feel tied down by these digital “chains”? However you feel, we want you to put that into artwork-paintings, digital art or photography. One winner and several honorable mentions will be featured in the December 2024 magazine, and the winner will receive a $25 gift card! You may even see your art work in future issues of Teen Ink magazine. Deadline: Nov. 1, 2024 Details and requirements: Entrants must have a Teen Ink account and be aged 13～19. Inappropriate content will not be accepted. Submissions must relate to the topic (technology). Entries must be a piece of artwork created by the entrants themselves. Entrants can submit as many pieces of art as they wish. How to submit: Entries can be submitted through the Teen Ink website. All entries submitted will be reviewed and considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. Make sure to submit your art work to the appropriate art category(technology) on Teen Ink. You can do this by using the “additional tags (标签)” field in your submission form. 27．What is the main theme of the art contest? A．The development of technology. B．The application of technology. C．Innovations of technology. D．Viewpoints on technology. 28．What is one of the requirements for submitting artwork to the contest? A．Submit original artwork. B．Submit artwork with a unique tag. C．Submit different types of artwork. D．Submit only one piece of artwork. 29．What is Teen Ink? A．A library. B．A magazine. C．An art school. D．An art museum. 【答案】27．D 28．A 29．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇关于“科技与你”艺术比赛的征文通知。 27．细节理解题。根据第一段中“What are your thoughts on technology, social media or your phone? Do you feel excitement every time you get a notification message, or do you feel tied down by these digital “chains”?(你对科技、社交媒体和手机有什么看法?每次收到通知信息时，你会感到兴奋吗?还是觉得自己被这些数字“链条”束缚住了?)”和第二段中“However you feel, we want you to put that into artwork-paintings, digital art or photography.(无论你的感受如何，我们都希望你把它融入艺术作品——绘画、数字艺术或摄影)”可知，这次艺术比赛的主题是人们对科技的看法。故选D项。 28．细节理解题。根据Details and requirements部分中“Entries must be a piece of artwork created by the entrants themselves. (参赛作品必须是参赛者自己创作的作品)”可知，提交原创作品对参赛作品的要求之一。故选A项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You may even see your art work in future issues of Teen Ink magazine.(你甚至可以在未来的Teen Ink杂志上看到你的艺术作品)”可知，Teen Ink是杂志。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·陕西汉中·期中) An endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan province, has been “reborn” in the Dianchi Lake basin, thanks to scientists’ efforts and the improvement of the basin’s ecological environment. The golden-line barbel (Sinocyclocheilus Grahami), a type of rare cave fish originally lives in Dianchi Lake, has been absent from the lake since the 1980s due to factors such as water pollution, reclamation (开垦) of land from lakes, and invasion of exotic species. In 2007, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Kunming Institute of Zoology achieveda breakthrough in the fish’s artificial breeding technology, making it the third Chinese nationally protected fish species to be successfully bred artificially, following the Chinese sturgeon and the red-bellied fish. Wang Xiaoai, a senior engineer at the Kunming Institute of Zoology, said since 2009, the institute has released over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel fingerlings (鱼苗) in the Dianchi Lake basin amid the improvement of the lake’s ecological environment and water quality. “According to our monitoring, these fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 for a decade in the Panlong River, one of the major rivers that flow into Dianchi Lake,” she said, noting that her research team has also been cultivating the native aquatic plants such as Ottelia acuminata, as well as snails and mussels to restore the local ecosystem. “Next, we hope to find some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake, which would demonstrate that the species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself in the current aquatic ecosystem,” Wang said. To date, the institute has made breakthroughs in artificial breeding techniques for 48 indigenous fish species in Yunnan, and has successfully restored wild populations of nine local fish species, she added. 30．What was the reason for the golden-line barbel’s disappearance 40 years ago? A．Water pollution. B．Overfishing. C．Food shortage. D．Internal competition. 31．What can be known form the passage? A．The number of the golden-line barbel was improved naturally. B．Scientists cleaned the lake and drove away the exotic species. C．Golden-line barbel was the first Chinese nationally protected fish species. D．Over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel was released to Dianchi Lake basin. 32．What can be inferred from Wang’s words? A．The species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself now. B．Scientists have already found some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake. C．The native aquatic plants, snails and mussels help to restore the local ecosystem. D．These fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 in the Dianchi Lake. 33．In which column of a magazine can we read this article? A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Sports. 【答案】30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于濒危鱼类金线鲃在滇池流域“重生”的新闻事件，详细描述了该鱼类的历史背景、消失原因、科学家的努力以及生态环境的改善，同时还提到了相关研究机构在鱼类保护方面取得的成就。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The golden-line barbel (Sinocyclocheilus Grahami), a type of rare cave fish originally lives in Dianchi Lake, has been absent from the lake since the 1980s due to factors such as water pollution, reclamation (开垦) of land from lakes, and invasion of exotic species.(金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus Grahami)是一种原产于滇池的稀有洞穴鱼，自20世纪80年代以来，由于水污染、湖泊开垦和外来物种入侵等因素，它一直没有出现在湖中。)”可知，金线鲃之所以消失是因为水污染、湖泊围垦和外来物种入侵等因素。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Wang Xaoai, a senior engineer at the Kunming Institute of Zoology, said since 2009, the institute has released over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel fingerlings (鱼苗) in the Dianchi Lake basin amid the improvement of the lake’s ecological environment and water quality.(昆明动物研究所高级工程师王筱艾 (音译)表示，自2009年以来，随着滇池生态环境和水质的改善，该研究所已在滇池流域放养了300多万尾人工繁殖的金线鲃鱼苗。)”可知，该研究所已在滇池流域放养了300多万尾人工繁殖的金线鲃鱼苗。故选D。 32．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“noting that her research team has also been cultivating the native aquatic plants such as Ottelia acuminata, as well as snails and mussels to restore the local ecosystem.(“并指出她的研究团队还在培育本土水生植物，如海菜花，以及蜗牛和蚌类，以恢复当地生态系统。)”可推测，当地的水生植物、蜗牛和贻贝有助于恢复当地的生态系统。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“An endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan province, has been "reborn" in the Dianchi Lake basin, thanks to scientists’ efforts and the improvement of the basin’s ecological environment.(四十年前，在云南省最大的淡水湖滇池消失的一种濒危鱼类，得益于科学家们的努力以及滇池流域生态环境的改善，已在滇池流域“重生”。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主介绍论了金线鲃这一珍稀鱼类的消失与重生，以及生态环境的改善对其的影响，这都属于生态保护的范畴。我们可以在杂志的自然栏目阅读这篇文章。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25高二上·陕西西安·期中) Using AI, a group of researchers from Dalhousie University have begun the surprisingly complicated work of translating the language of chickens. This groundbreaking study about chicken vocalizations (发声) could have positive effects on chicken welfare. Chicken “speech” is actually a lot more complex than one might think-they squawk, cluck, and even purr. And the way they communicate with one another can be affected by their environment, age, and level of domestication (驯化) . In addition, according to The Debrief, chickens also communicate via visual cues such as body language and facial expressions. Luckily, the researchers were able to use new AI technologies to help interpret what chickens are saying. According to The Conversation, AI can process and analyze huge amounts of audio (音频的) data. It can recognize patterns and types of vocalizations. Using this information and an AI technique called Natural Language Processing, the researchers have begun to interpret the emotional states of chickens. In addition, the researchers also used data from video and thermal imaging (热成像) , tracking the chickens’ expressions and facial temperatures. This can be used to track how chickens respond to stressors. Neethirajan, an expert in stock farming (畜牧业) , and the lead researcher of the study, told The Conversation that his team’s interest in chicken communication is not just academic. The researchers hope that this could be a turning point in terms of stock farming. “Farmers can use this knowledge to create better living conditions, leading to healthier and happier chickens, This, in turn, can impact the quality of produce, animal health and overall farm efficiency,” he said. Additionally, he advocates for the use of this information to influence animal welfare policies. The more people understand animals, the more likely they are to care about their well-being. 34． The underlined word “welfare” is closest in meaning to _________. A．social security B．happiness C．communication D．domestication 35． What can we know about chicken “speech”? A．It is easy to understand. B．It is similar to other animals’. C．It follows the same pattern. D．It is influenced by multiple factors. 36． What role does AI play in the research? A．It deals with audio data. B．It tracks chickens’ expressions. C．It makes chickens speak more. D．It records chickens temperatures. 37． What would be a suitable title for the text? A．The Belief in Chicken Intelligence. B．AI and the Future of Farming. C．The Emotional World of Chickens. D．Chicken Language Understood. 【答案】34．B 35．D 36．A 37．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了达尔豪西大学的一组研究人员利用人工智能开始翻译鸡的语言，以及这项研究对鸡的幸福可能产生的积极影响。 34．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“This groundbreaking study about chicken vocalizations (发声) could have positive effects on chicken welfare.(这项关于鸡发声的开创性研究可能对鸡的welfare产生积极影响)”和最后一段中“Farmers can use this knowledge to create better living conditions, leading to healthier and happier chickens(农民可以利用这些知识创造更好的生活条件，让鸡更健康、更快乐)”可推知，农民利用研究鸡的语言所得出的知识，可以让鸡生活的更健康、更快乐，这对鸡的幸福产生影响。画线词welfare与“happiness(快乐，幸福)”意思接近。故选B项。 35．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Chicken ‘speech’ is actually a lot more complex than one might think-they squawk, cluck, and even purr. And the way they communicate with one another can be affected by their environment, age, and level of domestication (驯化). (鸡‘说话’实际上比人们想象的要复杂得多——它们会吱吱叫、咯咯叫，甚至咕噜叫。它们相互交流的方式会受到环境、年龄和驯化程度的影响)”可知，鸡的“语言”很复杂，它们之间的交流方式会受到环境、年龄和驯化程度等多种因素的影响。故选D项。 36．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Luckily, the researchers were able to use new AI technologies to help interpret what chickens are saying. According to The Conversation, AI can process and analyze huge amounts of audio (音频的) data. It can recognize patterns and types of vocalizations.(幸运的是，研究人员能够利用新的人工智能技术来帮助解读鸡的语言。据《对话》杂志报道，人工智能可以处理和分析大量的音频数据。它可以识别发声的模式和类型)”可知，人工智能在处理和分析大量的音频数据，识别发声的模式和类型方面发挥了作用，即人工智能在处理音频数据方面发挥了作用。故选A项。 37．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Using AI, a group of researchers from Dalhousie University have begun the surprisingly complicated work of translating the language of chickens.(达尔豪西大学的一组研究人员利用人工智能，开始了翻译鸡的语言这一令人惊讶的复杂工作)”可知，文章主要介绍的是研究人员利用人工智能理解鸡的语言，以及这一研究可能带来的积极影响。D项“Chicken Language Understood(理解鸡的语言)”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 主题01 人与社会——科技与生活 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·山西太原·期中) Graffiti drawings on tree holes along local streets in Shanghai have become a trendy sight, adding artistic charm and warmth to the cityscape, especially in the colder months. Animals like kangaroos, birds, peacocks, penguins along with other natural inhabitants have been painted on the trees with holes along Sichuan Road N. and North Bund in Hongkou District. Tree holes happen when a tree gets hurt and the soft wood inside is shown. Caretakers usually seal these holes with materials like cement (水泥) during winter to protect trees from fungi and bacteria. However, these grey, scar-like fillings don’t go well with the city environment and aren’t visually pleasing. To address this, the landscaping team in Hongkou District invited professional painters and graffiti artists to decorate the tree holes with innovative paintings in a pilot project. They first cleaned out the holes, applied safe materials to create smooth and water-resistant surfaces, and then used environmentally-friendly colors to paint them. Now, the tree holes look like homes for small animals, attracting curious looks from passers-by. These paintings not only create a sense of connection between people and nature, but also help to repair and cover the holes, preventing water loss and maintaining tree health. Each of the painted tree holes is expected to last for at least two years. The practice has drawn praise from residents and will therefore be promoted in more streets and parks in Hongkou, officials said. Zhou Jing, a resident living near Sichuan Road N., says that the tree-hole paintings not only add beauty to the commercial street, but also serve as a gentle reminder for people to cherish and safeguard the trees. 1． What is the main purpose of graffiti drawings on tree holes in Shanghai? A．To warn people of tree damage. B．To protect the trees from the cold. C．To cover the holes in a creative way. D．To attract more tourists to the streets. 2．How does the tree-hole painting project impact on the community? A．It adds to urban wildlife diversity. B．It starts discussions about public art. C．It benefits local shops and businesses. D．It promotes tree care and love for nature. 3． Where is the text probably from? A．A travel brochure. B．A local newspaper. C．A biology textbook. D．A fashion magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了上海街头树洞上的涂鸦画成为了一道时尚的风景，不仅为城市景观增添了艺术魅力和温暖，还以创造性的方式遮盖了树洞，同时也提醒人们珍惜和保护树木。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tree holes happen when a tree gets hurt and the soft wood inside is shown.(当一棵树受伤，里面柔软的木头就会出现树洞)”及第三段“To address this, the landscaping team in Hongkou District invited professional painters and graffiti artists to decorate the tree holes with innovative paintings in a pilot project.(为了解决这个问题，虹口区的园林团队邀请专业画家和涂鸦艺术家在一个试点项目中用创新的绘画来装饰树洞)”可知，上海树洞上涂鸦画的主要目的是以创造性的方式遮盖树洞。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Zhou Jing, a resident living near Sichuan Road N., says that the tree-hole paintings not only add beauty to the commercial street, but also serve as a gentle reminder for people to cherish and safeguard the trees.(住在四川北路附近的居民周静（音译）说，树洞画不仅为商业街增添了美感，还温和地提醒人们要珍惜和保护树木)”可推知，树洞绘画项目促进了人们对树木的呵护和对自然的热爱。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“Graffiti drawings on tree holes along local streets in Shanghai have become a trendy sight, adding artistic charm and warmth to the cityscape, especially in the colder months.(上海当地街道树洞上的涂鸦画已成为一道时尚的风景，为城市景观增添了艺术魅力和温暖，尤其是在寒冷的月份)”可知，本文主要介绍的是上海街头树洞上的涂鸦画，这属于当地的社会新闻，由此推知，文章可能选自当地报纸。故选B项。 Passage 2 (24-25高二上·陕西汉中·期中) The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from coming true in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn’t leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车) services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it. 4．What is the author’s major concern for self-driving cars? A．Expense. B．Management. C．Advantages. D．Safety. 5． What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Drivers’ improper use of self-driving cars. B．The new traffic rules for self-driving cars. C．The widespread application of self-driving cars. D．The possible bad effects of self-driving cars. 6． What is the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars? A．Indifferent. B．Disapproving. C．Positive. D．Negative. 7．What might be the best title for this passage? A．Preparing Cities for Self-driving Cars B．The Development of Driverless Minibuses C．The Technology of Inventing Self-driving Cars D．Future Transportation Rules 【答案】4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕自动驾驶汽车（无人驾驶汽车）的未来发展、潜在影响以及政策制定者应该如何应对这一技术变革进行了讨论。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.(但无论这需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统和城市，是好是坏，取决于如何监管这一转变。)”可知，作者对于自动驾驶汽车的关注点在于监管。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus.(我们是否想要用无人驾驶汽车复制——甚至加剧——今天的交通拥堵呢？想象一下这样一个未来：大多数成年人拥有个人自动驾驶汽车。他们忍受着在拥挤的高速公路上漫长而缓慢的上下班旅程，因为他们可以在车上工作、娱乐或睡觉，这鼓励了城市扩张。他们开着无人驾驶汽车去赴约，并让空车绕着大楼转圈，以避免支付停车费。他们不再步行几个街区去接孩子或取干洗的衣服，而是派遣无人驾驶小型巴士。)”可知，第三段主要讨论的是自动驾驶汽车可能带来的不良后果，包括城市扩张、公共交通使用减少等。故选D。 6．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.(即将到来的技术进步为城市和州提供了发展旨在运送更多人且更实惠的交通系统的机会。未来的汽车即将到来。我们只需为此做好准备。)”可推测，作者对于自动驾驶汽车抱有积极的态度。故选C。 7．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.(政策制定者现在应该开始考虑如何确保无人驾驶汽车的出现不会加剧我们今天汽车主导的交通系统中最糟糕的一面。即将到来的技术进步为城市和州提供了发展旨在运送更多人且更实惠的交通系统的机会。未来的汽车即将到来。我们只需为此做好准备。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了自动驾驶汽车的未来发展及其对城市规划、交通系统等方面可能带来的影响。作者强调了政策制定者需要提前规划，为自动驾驶汽车的到来做好准备，以避免其可能带来的负面影响。选项A“Preparing Cities for Self-driving Cars(让城市为自动驾驶汽车做好准备)”准确地概括了文章的核心内容和观点。故选A。 Passage 3 (24-25高二上·陕西汉中·期中) In our fast-paced world, it’s easy to get caught up in small talk. Is there more to those conversations than meets the eye? In fact, small talk has the power to create meaningful connections and foster lasting relationships, all through the magic of shared hobbies. Small talk serves as a bridge that connects strangers, turning them into friends. Through small talk, we break the ice in social situations, creating a comfortable and friendly atmosphere that encourages open discussion. By starting conversations with simple and non-threatening topics, small talk allows us to ease into deeper and more meaningful conversations. It helps us find common ground and discover shared interests, laying the base for a deep connection. When we engage in small talk, we have an opportunity to go beyond the surface level and discover common interests and passions. Whether it’s a love for photography, a skill for gardening, or a passion for cooking, hobbies serve as a key to valuable connections. Finding common points is the key to unlocking meaningful connections. It is an art that includes discovering shared interests, experiences, or values that connect two people. Through a shared hobby, we can find friendship, understanding, and build relationships based on appreciation to each other. Moreover, small talk presents valuable networking opportunities. It enables us to connect with professionals from different industries, expanding our network and potentially opening doors to new career options. Furthermore, small talk is not limited to words alone. Non-verbal communication, such as gestures, facial expressions, and body language, adds depth to our conversations. It adds to our words, allowing us to express our intentions and emotions more effectively. In conclusion, the power of small talk can enrich our social lives and lead to more meaningful connections. It is through simple exchanges and interest in others that we can develop the friendship. So, let us recognize the significance of small talk and use its potential to create deep and lasting connections in our lives. 8．Which word can replace the underlined word “foster” in Paragraph 1? A．Attack. B．Develop. C．Escape. D．Remove. 9．What makes small talk serve as a way to ease into deep connections? A．An easy beginning. B．A quiet environment. C．A heated discussion. D．An excellent communication skill. 10．How can we express our feelings more effectively according to Paragraph 5? A．By chatting with interesting words. B．By developing the dialogue surprisingly. C．By applying gestures or facial expressions. D．By observing others’ way of speaking. 11．What advice might the author offer to us? A．Participating in more outdoor activities. B．Learning about others’ hobbies. C．Maintaining friendships carefully. D．Trying to connect with more people in our lives. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“闲聊的力量”这一主题展开论述，阐述了闲聊在社交生活、建立人脉以及深化人际关系中的重要作用。 8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“In fact, small talk has the power to create meaningful connections and foster lasting relationships, all through the magic of shared hobbies.(事实上，闲聊有着创造有意义联系并……持久关系的力量，这一切都是通过共享爱好的魔力实现的。)”可知，“foster”与“create meaningful connections”并列，表示闲聊能够创造有意义的联系。由此可推测，划线单词和“发展、培养”意思相似。选项B“develop(培养、发展)”与此相符。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“By starting conversations with simple and non-threatening topics, small talk allows us to ease into deeper and more meaningful conversations. It helps us find common ground and discover shared interests, laying the base for a deep connection.(从简单且不具威胁性的话题开始，闲聊让我们能够轻松地过渡到更深入、更有意义的对话中。它帮助我们找到共同点并发现共同的兴趣，为建立深厚联系奠定基础。)”可知，闲聊以一个轻松的开头作为建立深厚联系的桥梁。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Furthermore, small talk is not limited to words alone. Non-verbal communication, such as gestures, facial expressions, and body language, adds depth to our conversations. It adds to our words, allowing us to express our intentions and emotions more effectively.(而且，闲聊不仅仅局限于言语。非言语交流，如手势、面部表情和肢体语言，为我们的对话增添了深度。它是对言语的补充，使我们能够更有效地表达意图和情感。)”可知，我们可以通过使用手势或面部表情更有效地表达我们的感受。故选C。 11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In conclusion, the power of small talk can enrich our social lives and lead to more meaningful connections. It is through simple exchanges and interest in others that we can develop the friendship. So, let us recognize the significance of small talk and use its potential to create deep and lasting connections in our lives.(总之，闲聊的力量可以丰富我们的社交生活，并带来更有意义的联系。正是通过简单的交流和对他人的兴趣，我们才能发展友谊。因此，让我们认识到闲聊的重要性，并利用其潜力在我们的生活中创造深刻而持久的联系。)”可知，作者认为闲聊非常重要，可以帮助我们与他人建立联系，那么作者的建议很可能是鼓励我们尝试与更多的人建立联系。故选D。 Passage 4 (24-25高二上·陕西榆林·期中) We don’t know how different our life will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it. At first we think about human relationship. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet - even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people won’t be as important as they are today - we will feel a little lonely. Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us. Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar-powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly. We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment. But it isn’t true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. And, scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as health will be in a better condition. Although we can’t predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather confident about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen. 12．Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050? A．Because there will be less face-to-face communication. B．Because the number of people will become much smaller. C．Because people won’t like making friends with each other. D．Because people won’t communicate with each other much often. 13．The third paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．how people will use robots to do the housework B．that computers will do all the things for human beings C．that machines like computers and robots will help people a lot D．how people will use computers to communicate with each other 14．Which of the following will happen in 2050 according to the text? A．Environment will be more polluted with cars. B．It won’t be difficult for people to travel to other planets. C．The way of spending holidays will be the same as that of today. D．The relationship between people will be more important than that of today. 15．What does the text mainly talk about? A．What our life will be like in the year 2050. B．What high technology will appear in the year 2050. C．How people will communicate in the year 2050. D．How people will travel and spend their holidays in the year 2050. 【答案】12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要畅想了2050年的生活会是什么样的，主要从人际关系、科技应用、度假和对环境的污染等角度展开了想象。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet — even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. (到2050年，我们几乎每天都会使用电脑。我们将通过互联网结交新朋友，甚至我们的丈夫或妻子也会以这种方式认识。)”可知，在2050年，人们主要通过电脑进行交流，而很少进行面对面的交流，人与人之间的关系也就淡薄了，因此那时的人们会感到有点孤单。故选A。 13．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050.。(到2050年，计算机还将在许多其他活动中帮助我们。)”以及全段可知，第三段主要告诉人们像计算机和机器人这样的机器会在多方面帮助人们。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. (度假也将完全不同。每个人都可以去其他星球或月球旅行。)”可知，在2050年，旅游度假也将会变得不同，每个人都能前往其他星球旅行。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“We don’t know how different our life will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it. (我们不知道未来的生活会有多不同。我们只能试着想象一下。)”可知，文章总体在探讨2050年的生活将会是什么样子，涉及到了人际关系、科技发展、环境保护等方面。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——人际与健康 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·甘肃酒泉·期中) The relationship between Jeffrey Pang and his son, Kevin Pang, was like hot-and-sour soup. It boiled over easily. The Pangs, who moved to the United States in 1988, wanted their son and daughter to know Chinese culture. As a video game-playing American teen, Kevin wasn’t interested. But when Kevin became a food writer for the Chicago Tribune, he realized he had a valuable resource: his cook-loving dad. “My father and I shared, for the first time, a common interest. I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. He would school me on the world of Chinese food,” Kevin writes in the introduction to the cookbook he has just published. When it comes to cooking Chinese food, he points out that there is no one definition of Chinese food. “Chinese cooking is not hidebound. For example, consider baked pork chop rice(烤猪排饭), popularized in Hong Kong. It is a pork chop with egg-fried rice. And then you top it with this thick tomato sauce.” explains Kevin. “And then you top that with some cheese. It’s a very interesting combined dish that has some Western British influences, and it’s altogether very Chinese as well.” By the time Kevin joined America’s Test Kitchen (ATK) staff in 2020 as its editorial director for digital content, his dad had become an Internet celebrity demonstrating the family’s recipes. Kevin recognized an opportunity not only to share his own family’s food stories but also to apply the ATK method of breaking down recipes into simple steps for the home cook. “I think this cookbook can teach fathers and sons how to connect, how to find a common interest and improve their relationship.” Kevin says. That feeling has found a fan base, generating nearly 3 million views, for their online cooking series “Hunger Pangs”, where viewers speak highly of their father-son bond as much as they do of their attractive dishes. Today the Pangs’ relationship is rarely sour or hot. 16．Why would Kevin phone his father after becoming a food writer? A．To publish his Chinese cookbook. B．To inquire about hot-and-sour soup. C．To seek permission for video games. D．To ask about cooking Chinese food. 17．What does the underlined word “hidebound” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Unpleasant. B．Changeable. C．Inflexible. D．Unpopular. 18．What can we infer about Kevin and his father from the passage? A．Their relationship has improved. B．They run America’s Test Kitchen. C．They do dishes to attract followers. D．Their cookbook is about low-fat food. 19．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Cooking at home helps you cook well for less. B．Father and son teach Chinese cooking together. C．Chinese culture is becoming popular in the US. D．Recipes and cooking techniques are really easy. 【答案】16．D 17．C 18．A 19．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jeffrey Pang和他的儿子Kevin Pang之间通过共同的烹饪兴趣而改善了父子关系的故事。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““My father and I shared, for the first time, a common interest. I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. He would school me on the world of Chinese food,” Kevin writes in the introduction to the cookbook he has just published(Kevin 在他刚出版的烹饪书的引言中写道：“我和我父亲第一次有了共同的兴趣。我会打电话询问食谱和烹饪技巧。他会教我关于中国美食的知识”)” 可知，Kevin成为美食作家后给父亲打电话是为了询问烹饪中国美食的相关事宜。故选D项。 17．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段““For example, consider baked pork chop rice (烤猪排饭), popularized in Hong Kong. It is a pork chop with egg-fried rice. And then you top it with this thick tomato sauce.” explains Kevin. “And then you top that with some cheese. It’s a very interesting combined dish that has some Western British influences, and it’s altogether very Chinese as well”(Kevin 解释说：“例如，考虑一下在香港流行的烤猪排饭。它是一份配有蛋炒饭的猪排，然后在上面浇上厚厚的番茄酱。然后再在上面放一些奶酪。这是一道非常有趣的融合菜肴，有一些英西的影响，但总体上也很有中国特色。”）”可知，Kevin 通过列举烤猪排饭这道融合多种元素的菜肴来说明中国烹饪并非是一成不变的，所以可推测 hidebound 意思是“死板的，不灵活的”，与C项“Inflexible”意思相近。故选C项。 18．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The relationship between Jeffrey Pang and his son, Kevin Pang, was like hot-and-sour soup. It boiled over easily(Jeffrey Pang 和他儿子 Kevin Pang 之间的关系就像酸辣汤，很容易就沸腾起来（即容易起冲突）)”以及最后一段“Today the Pangs’ relationship is rarely sour or hot(如今，庞氏父子的关系很少有酸涩或激烈的时候了)”可知如今，庞氏父子的关系很少有酸涩或激烈的时候了，可推断出他们父子俩的关系已经得到了改善。故选A项。 19．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The relationship between Jeffrey Pang and his son, Kevin Pang, was like hot-and-sour soup. It boiled over easily. The Pangs, who moved to the United States in 1988, wanted their son and daughter to know Chinese culture. As a video game-playing American teen, Kevin wasn’t interested(庞杰和儿子庞凯文之间的关系就像酸辣汤一样，很容易沸腾。庞家于1988年搬到了美国，他们希望自己的孩子了解中国文化。作为玩电子游戏的美国青少年，凯文对此并不感兴趣)”、第二段“But when Kevin became a food writer for the Chicago Tribune, he realized he had a valuable resource: his cook-loving dad. “My father and I shared, for the first time, a common interest. I would call to ask about recipes and cooking techniques. He would school me on the world of Chinese food,” Kevin writes in the introduction to the cookbook he has just published(但是当凯文成为《芝加哥论坛报》的食品作家时，他意识到自己有一个宝贵的资源：喜欢烹饪的父亲。‘我爸爸和我首次分享了共同的兴趣。我会打电话询问食谱和烹饪技巧。他会教我关于中国美食的世界，’凯文在他刚刚出版的烹饪书的序言中写道)”以及最后一段“I think this cookbook can teach fathers and sons how to connect, how to find a common interest and improve their relationship.” Kevin says. That feeling has found a fan base, generating nearly 3 million views, for their online cooking series “Hunger Pangs”, where viewers speak highly of their father-son bond as much as they do of their attractive dishes. Today the Pangs’ relationship is rarely sour or hot(我认为这本烹饪书可以教会父子之间如何建立联系，如何找到共同兴趣并改善他们的关系。”凯文说。这种感觉吸引了一大批粉丝，他们的在线烹饪系列《饥饿庞氏》获得了近300万的观看量，观众们对他们父子间的情感纽带和他们制作的美味菜肴一样高度评价。如今，庞家的关系很少再有酸涩或火热的时刻)”可知，文章主要讲述了 Kevin Pang 成为美食作家后与热爱烹饪的父亲因中国美食相关事宜互动增多，父亲还成了网络名人展示家族食谱，Kevin 加入美国试验厨房后借此机会不仅分享自家美食故事还运用其方法将食谱拆解成简单步骤供家庭厨师参考，两人还推出线上烹饪系列 “饥饿庞氏”，整个故事围绕父子俩共同教授中国烹饪展开。所以这篇文章主要讲的是父子俩一起教授中国烹饪。故选B项。 Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西·期中) Using genes from coffee plants from around the world, researchers built a family tree for the world’s most popular kind of coffee. Scientists call it Coffea arabica. Coffee lovers know it simply as “arabica”. The researchers recently published a new study about coffee. They found that the species appeared around 600,000 years ago. The plant was likely the result of natural breeding(繁殖) of two other coffee species and likely developed without the help of humans. Wild coffee plants likely started in Ethiopia. But they are thought to have been first roasted (炒) and brewed in Yemen starting in the 1400s. In the 1600s, Indian monk Baba Budan is said to have taken seven raw coffee beans back to his homeland from Yemen, laying the beginnings for coffee’s worldwide takeover. Arabica coffee, loved for its smooth and sweet flavour, now makes up 60 to 70 percent of the global coffee market. The rest of the market is made up of Robusta, a stronger and more bitter - tasting coffee made from one of arabica’s parents, Coffea canephora. To learn about arabica coffee’s past, researchers studied the genetic information and they also studied more than 30 different arabica plants. One of the plants was a sample from the1700s provided by the Natural History Museum in London. The Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used that plant to give coffee its scientific name. Researchers from Nestle, a big Swiss food company which owns several coffee brands, helped with the study. The arabica plant’s population changed over thousands of years before humans began growing it. The arabica plants did well during warm, wet periods and suffered through dry ones. These difficult times created what scientists call “population bottlenecks”, when only a small number of genetically similar plants survived. Today, these genetic similarities mean arabica coffee plants are more likely to be hurt by diseases like coffee leaf rust (锈病), which causes costly losses every year. The researchers explored the makeup of one arabica variety that is resistant to coffee leaf rust. They are interested in parts of its genetic code that could help protect the plant. Exploring arabica’ s past and present could help give information about how to keep coffee plants healthy — ensuring morning cups of coffee into the future. 20．When did people start creating coffee products probably? A．About 6,000,000 ago. B．In the 1400s. C．In the 1600s. D．In the 1700s. 21．What can we learn about Coffea canephora from the text? A．It occupies the vast majority of the market share. B．It is more popular among coffee lovers. C．It has a certain connection with Coffea arabica. D．Scientists use it to give coffee its scientific name. 22．Why have researchers established a family tree for Coffee arabica? A．To search for common genes. B．To explore the history of the coffee industry. C．To open up new coffee producing areas. D．To improve the disease resistance of coffee. 23．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Genetic Changes in Coffee B．Researchers Study Coffee’s Past C．Development of Various Types of Coffee D．The Situation Faced by the Coffee Industry 【答案】20．B 21．C 22．D 23．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员利用来自世界各地的咖啡植物的基因，为世界上最受欢迎的一种咖啡建立了家谱。 20．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But they are thought to have been first roasted (炒) and brewed in Yemen starting in the 1400s.( 但人们认为，从15世纪开始，它们首先在也门被烘烤和酿造)”可知，人们大概是在15世纪开始生产咖啡产品的。故选B项。 21．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The rest of the market is made up of robusta, a stronger and more bitter - tasting coffee made from one of arabica’s parents, Coffea canephora.(市场的其余部分由罗布斯塔咖啡构成，这是一种味道更浓、更苦的咖啡，由阿拉比卡的前身之一咖啡（Coffea canephora）制成)”可推知，Coffea canephora与阿拉比卡咖啡有一定的联系。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Today, these genetic similarities mean arabica coffee plants are more likely to be hurt by diseases like coffee leaf rust (锈病), which causes costly losses every year. The researchers explored the makeup of one arabica variety that is resistant to coffee leaf rust. They are interested in parts of its genetic code that could help protect the plant.(如今，这些基因相似性意味着阿拉比卡咖啡树更容易受到像咖啡叶锈病这样的疾病的伤害，这种疾病每年都会造成昂贵的损失。研究人员探索了一种抗咖啡叶锈病的阿拉比卡咖啡品种的组成。他们对能够帮助保护这种植物的部分遗传密码很感兴趣)”可知，研究人员要建立阿拉比卡咖啡的家谱是为了提高咖啡的抗病性。故选D项。 23．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Using genes from coffee plants from around the world, researchers built a family tree for the world’s most popular kind of coffee. Scientists call it Coffea arabica. Coffee lovers know it simply as “arabica”.( 研究人员利用来自世界各地咖啡植物的基因，为世界上最受欢迎的一种咖啡建立了一个家谱。科学家称其为阿拉比卡咖啡。咖啡爱好者将其简称为“阿拉比卡”)”可知，文章主要讲的是研究人员利用来自世界各地咖啡植物的基因，为世界上最受欢迎的一种咖啡建立了一个家谱。科学家称其为阿拉比卡咖啡。咖啡爱好者将其简称为“阿拉比卡”。由此可知，文章的合适标题是“研究人员研究咖啡的过去”。故选B项。 Passage 3 (24-25高二上·广东·期中) You’ve most likely heard the news by now: A car-commuting, desk-bound, TV-watching lifestyle can be harmful to our health. All the time that we spend rooted in the chair is linked to increased risks of so many deadly diseases that experts have named this modern-day health epidemic the “sitting disease”. Sitting for too long slows down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢)and the way enzymes break down our fat reserves, raising both blood sugar levels and blood pressure. Small amounts of regular activity, even just standing and moving around, throughout the day is enough to bring the increased levels back down. And those small amounts of activity add up — 30 minutes of light activity in two or three-minute bursts can be just as effective as a half-hour block of exercise. But without that activity, blood sugar levels and blood pressure keep creeping up, steadily damaging the inside of the arteries (动脉) and increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and other serious diseases. In essence, fundamental changes in biology occur if you sit for too long. But wait, you’re a runner. You needn’t worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly, right? Well, not so fast. Recent studies show that people spend an average of 64 hours a week sitting, whether or not they exercise 150 minutes a week as recommended by World Health Organization(WHO). Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise. Overall, most people simply aren’t exercising or moving around enough to balance out all the harm that can result from sitting nine hours or more a day. Scared straight out of your chair? Good. The remedy is as simple as standing up and taking activity breaks. 24．Which is the best way to bring down high blood sugar level and blood pressure? A．Doing exercise for 150 minutes or more every week. B．Getting rid of the habit of car commuting and TV watching. C．Standing or moving around for at least two minutes every day. D．Interrupting sitting time with light activity as often as possible. 25．What does the word “sedentary” in the third paragraph most likely mean? A．Inactive. B．Risky. C．Overloaded. D．Unbalanced. 26．Which of the following may be inferred about those who do serious exercise? A．They always meet the exercise standard recommended by WHO. B．They tend to stand or move less on the days when they work out. C．They usually remove all the harmful effects of sitting for too long. D．They generally spend less time sitting than those who do not exercise. 27．What is the passage mainly, about? A．The challenges of the modern lifestyle. B．The effect of regular activity on our body. C．The reasons for the spread of a modern epidemic. D．The threat to our health from long hours of sitting. 【答案】24．D 25．A 26．B 27．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了久坐对我们健康的威胁。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sitting for too long slows down the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) and the way enzymes break down our fat reserves, raising both blood sugar levels and blood pressure. Small amounts of regular activity, even just standing and moving around, throughout the day is enough to bring the increased levels back down. (久坐会减缓身体的新陈代谢和酶分解脂肪储备的方式，提高血糖水平和血压。少量的有规律的活动，即使只是站着走动，也足以将增加的水平降下来)”可知，降低高血糖和高血压的最好方法是尽可能多地用轻松的活动来打断坐着的时间。故选D项。 25．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“But wait, you’re a runner. You needn’t worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly, right? (但是等等，你是一个跑步者。你就不必担心sedentary生活方式的危害，因为你经常锻炼，对吗?)”可知，sedentary lifestyle与exercise regularly是两种不同的生活方式，结合本文主题和选项可知，划线词sedentary的意思是“不活跃的”，与inactive同义。故选A项。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Regular exercisers, furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on days when they exercise. (此外，研究发现，经常锻炼的人在锻炼时的活跃程度要低30%左右)”可知，认真锻炼的人在锻炼的日子里往往站立或活动得更少。故选B项。 27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“You’ve most likely heard the news by now: A car-commuting, desk-bound, TV-watching lifestyle can be harmful to our health. All the time that we spend rooted in the chair is linked to increased risks of so many deadly diseases that experts have named this modern-day health epidemic the “sitting disease”. (你很可能已经听说过这样的新闻：开车上下班、坐在办公桌前、看电视的生活方式对我们的健康有害。我们长时间坐在椅子上，与许多致命疾病的患病风险增加有关，以至于专家将这种现代健康流行病称为“久坐病”)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍了久坐对我们健康的威胁。故选D项。 Passage 4 (24-25高二上·宁夏·期中) We all have good days and bad days with our health, and it can be difficult when our bodies are not performing the way we want them to or need them to. But our health is not out of our power to control. As a matter of fact, we all do have a super powerful tool right in our own heads. It’s our amazing brain. Researchers that study the brain-body connection have shown in numerous experiments how the brain can be tricked into believing it is getting better. A simple sugar pill (药片) can relieve pain or even cure an illness if the person believes that the pill being taken is genuine medicine. That’s how powerful our brains are. They can make physical changes in our bodies beyond what we would normally give them credit for. There is a book I reread regularly called Super Brain. The authors, Deepak Chopra and Rudolph E. Tanzi, point out that any of us can, if we choose, set up or create our own placebo (安慰剂) effect at any time without any kind of pill. What’s super interesting, as Chopra and Tanzi explain, is that “the effect isn’t limited to drugs, which is important to remember: anything you believe in can act as a placebo”. They also ask where the relief comes from when the placebos are not actually doing anything themselves. They explain that it is simply “the mind telling the body to get well”. The body really believes what it was being told and then it relieves the pain or heals (治愈) the sickness because it believes it can. In other words, your mind can and does influence healing of all kinds including pain, disease and wounds that our bodies deal with from time to time. That is certainly worth trying for most, if not all of us, whenever we want to cure our pain, problems or disease. These kinds of things are probably very helpful to do on a regular basis even. 28．What does the author think of the role of the brain in health? A．It’s strange. B．It’s powerless. C．It’s fantastic. D．It’s uncertain. 29．What does Super Brain suggest about placebo effects? A．They need pills. B．They’re limited to drugs. C．They’re always temporary. D．They can be created mentally. 30．What is the key for a placebo to work according to the text? A．The degree of pain. B．The person’s belief. C．The type of illness. D．The doctor’s advice. 31．What does the author want to say in the text? A．Placebo s are ineffective in medicine. B．Medicine is the best way to treat illness. C．Pain cannot be relieved without medicine. D．The mind influences the healing of the body. 【答案】28．C 29．D 30．B 31．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述大脑对于健康而言是一种神奇的工具，它可以创造出“安慰剂效果”，从而减轻疼痛或治愈疾病。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But our health is not out of our power to control. As a matter of fact, we all do have a super powerful tool right in our own heads. It’s our amazing brain.(但是我们的健康并不是我们无法控制的。事实上，我们每个人的大脑里都有一个超级强大的工具。这是我们神奇的大脑)”可知，作者认为大脑对于健康有神奇的作用，故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“There is a book I reread regularly called Super Brain. The authors, Deepak Chopra and Rudolph E. Tanzi, point out that any of us can, if we choose, set up or create our own placebo (安慰剂) effect at any time without any kind of pill.(有一本我经常重读的书叫做《超级大脑》。作者Deepak Chopra和Rudolph E. Tanzi指出，如果我们愿意，任何人都可以在任何时候建立或创造自己的安慰剂效果，而不需要任何药物)”和第四段“What’s super interesting, as Chopra and Tanzi explain, is that “the effect isn’t limited to drugs, which is important to remember: anything you believe in can act as a placebo”.(超级有趣的是，正如Chopra和Tanzi解释的那样，“这种效果并不局限于药物，重要的是要记住：任何你相信的东西都可以作为安慰剂”)”可知，《超级大脑》这本书表明，安慰剂效果并不局限于药物，可以从思想上被创造出来，故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据第五段中“They explain that it is simply “the mind telling the body to get well”. The body really believes what it was being told and then it relieves the pain or heals (治愈) the sickness because it believes it can. In other words, your mind can and does influence healing of all kinds including pain, disease and wounds that our bodies deal with from time to time.(他们解释说，这只是“大脑告诉身体要好起来”。身体真的相信它被告知的，然后它减轻疼痛或治愈疾病，因为它相信它可以。换句话说，你的大脑可以而且确实影响着各种各样的治疗，包括我们身体不时处理的疼痛、疾病和伤口)”可知，安慰剂起作用的关键是人们的信念，故选B。 31．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“That’s how powerful our brains are. They can make physical changes in our bodies beyond what we would normally give them credit for.(我们的大脑就是这么强大。它们可以使我们的身体发生超出我们通常认为的生理变化)”和第五段中“In other words, your mind can and does influence healing of all kinds including pain, disease and wounds that our bodies deal with from time to time.(换句话说，你的大脑可以而且确实影响着各种各样的治疗，包括我们身体不时处理的疼痛、疾病和伤口)”可知，本文主要讲述大脑对于健康而言是一种神奇的工具，它可以创造出“安慰剂效果”，从而减轻疼痛或治愈疾病，故作者在本文主要想说的是大脑影响身体的治愈，故选D。 主题03 人与自然——环保与可持续发展 Passage 1 (24-25高二上·福建宁德·期中) A fin whale body that was washed ashore at San Diego's Pacific Beach was discovered to have many bite marks from killer whales, which could have contributed to its death, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). At first, NOAA researchers deemed the marks might be from sharks, but further analysis (分析) by experts showed that these were actually rake (耙子) marks, an unusual feature of killer whales, as stated by NOAA spokesperson Michael Milstein. While it is possible that killer whales played a role in the fin whale's death, NOAA has not confirmed that they were the definitive cause. Milstein noted that there are documented instances where killer whales have chased fin whales, causing them to beach themselves in attempts to escape. This suggests that killer whales could have influenced the whale's fate (命运) , but there is no certainty that they were the direct cause of death. Additionally, NOAA reported sightings of a group of about a dozen killer whales along the Southern California coast, including San Diego. Boaters in the area filmed footage of a group of killer whales actively chasing and likely feeding on dolphins near Torrey Pines. This indicates that killer whales are currently active in the region and may take part in various predatory (捕食性的) behaviors. The fin whale's body was discovered on December 10. Lifeguards spent the entire day trying to drag the whale back out to sea, but despite their efforts, the body returned to shore at least once. The whale was observed bleeding from its side, and attempts to pull it away using a small boat connected to its tail were unsuccessful. Fin whales, which are the second-largest whale species on Earth after blue whales, are considered endangered and relatively few in number. These whales can weigh up to 100,000 pounds. NOAA highly values public reports regarding stranded (搁浅的) or injured sea animals. NOAA extremely appreciates such reports and encourages the public to provide information on how to report these incidents. NOAA supposes that it is time for all to work together. 32．What does the underlined word “deemed” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Complained. B．Persuaded. C．Forgot. D．Believed. 33．What could killer whales do to cause the possible death of the fin whale? A．Drag it to the shore. B．Hit it unexpectedly. C．Chase it until it beached itself. D．Attack it in a group. 34．What can we know about killer whales from paragraph 3? A．They are observed to be active near Torrey Pines. B．They are a new threat to the local ecosystem. C．They hardly take part in predatory behaviors. D．Their presence is causing concern for locals. 35．What is NOAA's attitude towards public reports? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Worried. 【答案】32．D 33．C 34．A 35．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）称，在圣地亚哥太平洋海滩被冲上岸的一头长须鲸尸体上发现了许多虎鲸的咬痕，这可能是导致其死亡的原因。 32．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…but further analysis by experts showed that these were actually rake marks, an unusual feature of killer whales(……但据NOAA发言人迈克尔·米尔斯坦（Michael Milstein）说，专家们进一步分析表明，这些痕迹实际上是虎鲸的一种不寻常的特征——耙痕。”由此可知，此处为NOAA的研究人员认为这些痕迹可能是鲨鱼留下的。故可猜测划线单词deemed为“认为”的意思，与选项D项Believed“认为”意思一致。故选D项。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Milstein noted that there are documented instances where killer whales have chased fin whales, causing them to beach themselves in attempts to escape.( 米尔斯坦指出，有记录表明，虎鲸追逐长须鲸，导致它们在试图逃跑时搁浅。)”可知，虎鲸会追逐长须鲸，直到长须鲸自己搁浅,导致可能的死亡。故选C项。 34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Boaters in the area filmed footage of a group of killer whales actively chasing and likely feeding on dolphins near Torrey Pines. This indicates that killer whales are currently active in the region and may take part in various predatory（捕食性的）behaviors.( 该地区的划船者拍摄到一群虎鲸在Torrey Pines附近积极追逐并可能以海豚为食的画面。这表明虎鲸目前在该地区很活跃，可能参与了各种掠食行为。)”可知，人们观察到虎鲸在Torrey Pines附近很活跃。故选A项。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“NOAA highly values public reports regarding stranded（搁浅的）or injured sea animals. NOAA extremely appreciates such reports and encourages the public to provide information on how to report these incidents. NOAA supposes that it is time for all to work together.( 美国国家海洋和大气管理局高度重视有关搁浅或受伤海洋动物的公开报告。美国国家海洋和大气管理局非常赞赏这些报告，并鼓励公众提供如何报告这些事件的信息。美国国家海洋和大气管理局认为，现在是所有人共同努力的时候了。)”可推知，美国国家海洋和大气管理局对公开报道的态度是支持和赞赏的。故选A项。 Passage 2 (24-25高二上·山西晋城·期中) When Sarah was a child, she loved visiting the beach near her home, collecting seashells and observing ocean life. She was fascinated by the bright colors and various forms of life she found in the tide pools. As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage. After studying ocean biology and environmental science in college, Sarah returned to her childhood love for the ocean, now with new questions in mind. How can we reduce plastic waste in the sea? What measures can protect endangered ocean animals? With the right research and protection efforts, she thought, maybe she could make a difference. She decided to focus her career on protecting the ocean. Sarah’s first major project was to start a program to clean up plastic waste from local beaches. She organized a team of volunteers, worked with the local government, set up recycling bins, and held educational workshops. After months of effort, the beaches were noticeably cleaner, and the community became more aware of the importance of recycling. Over the years, Sarah has successfully led many projects. She started a project to protect coral reefs by promoting eco-friendly tourism practices and established a care center for injured sea turtles. One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid (酸性的) levels through creative methods. “Environmental care” is what Sarah calls her approach. “The ocean is a valuable resource that supports life on Earth,” she says. “By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.” 36．What can be inferred about Sarah’s early interest in ocean life? A．It delayed her decision to choose a career path. B．It was just for fun and had no long-term impact. C．It made her interested in tourism and ocean animals. D．It led her to seek a career focused on ocean conservation. 37．What was one of Sarah’s most difficult projects? A．Lowering ocean acid levels. B．Starting a sea turtle care center. C．Promoting eco-friendly tourism. D．Reducing plastic waste on beaches. 38．What does Sarah believe is key for ocean protection? A．Individual efforts. B．Science and education. C．Advanced technology. D．New laws and regulations. 39．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Sarah’s childhood hobbies and interests. B．Different methods of cleaning up ocean pollution. C．Sarah’s career in ocean tourism and beach activities. D．The importance of protecting sea life and ecosystems. 【答案】36．D 37．A 38．B 39．D 【导语】本篇是记叙文。文章讲述了 Sarah从小对海洋生物充满好奇，通过学习海洋生物学和环境科学，投身于海洋保护事业中，领导了许多成功的保护项目。 36．推理判断题。根据第一段中“As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage.(随着年龄的增长，Sarah开始想知道她是否可以帮助保护这些重要的生态系统免受环境破坏)”可知，Sarah童年时对海洋生物的兴趣逐渐引导她去思考如何保护这些生态系统，最终推动了她走上海洋保护的职业道路，故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据第四段中“One of her most challenging projects was a partnership with an international group to reduce ocean acid (酸性的) levels through creative methods.(她最具挑战性的项目之一是与一个国际组织合作，通过创造性的方法降低海洋中的酸含量)”可知，降低海洋酸化水平是她最具挑战性的项目之一，故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Environmental care” is what Sarah calls her approach. “The ocean is a valuable resource that supports life on Earth,” she says. “By working together and using science and education, we can protect it for future generations.”(Sarah称她的方法为“环境保护”。“海洋是支持地球上生命的宝贵资源，”她说。“通过共同努力，利用科学和教育，我们可以为子孙后代保护它。”)”可知，Sarah认为科学和教育是保护海洋的关键，故选B。 39．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When Sarah was a child, she loved visiting the beach near her home, collecting seashells and observing ocean life. She was fascinated by the bright colors and various forms of life she found in the tide pools. As she grew older, Sarah began to wonder if she could help protect these important ecosystems from environmental damage.(当Sarah还是个孩子的时候，她喜欢去她家附近的海滩，收集贝壳，观察海洋生物。她被在潮池中发现的鲜艳的色彩和各种各样的生命形式所吸引。随着年龄的增长，莎拉开始想知道她是否可以帮助保护这些重要的生态系统免受环境破坏)”以及纵观全文可知，文章描述了 Sarah从小时候对海洋生物的兴趣，逐渐发展到成年后致力于保护海洋生态系统的职业选择，强调了保护海洋生物和生态环境的重要性，故选D。 Passage 3 (23-24高二上·广东深圳·期中) When it comes to going green, intention can be easier than action. Case in point: you decide to buy a T-shirt made from 100% organic cotton. But that green label doesn’t tell the whole story — like the fact that even organic cotton requires more than 10,000 L of water to grow enough fibre for one T-shirt. Or the possibility that the T-shirt may have been dyed (染色) using harmful industrial chemicals. If you knew all that, would you still consider the T-shirt green? Would you still buy it? It’s a hard question to answer. That’s because the global economy development is beyond our ability to comprehend the consequences — for ourselves and the planet. We are not prepared to understand the increasing impact of industrial chemicals on our children’s health or the climate. And we lack the data to understand the full impact of what we choose. But what if we could calculate the full lifetime effect of our actions on the earth and on our bodies? Not just carbon footprints but social and biological footprints as well? What if we could think ecologically? That’s what psychologist Daniel Goleman describes in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence. He compiles (汇编) the environmental and biological impact of our every decision and delivers that information to consumers in a user-friendly way. That’s thinking ecologically — understanding the global environmental consequences of our local choices. Ecological intelligence is ultimately about more than what we buy. It’s also about our ability to accept that we live in a closely connected world with limited resources. Goleman highlights the Tibetan community of Sher, where for thousands of years, villagers have survived severe conditions by carefully protecting every resource available to them. The Tibetans think ecologically because they have no other choice. Neither do we. “We once had the luxury to ignore our impacts,” says Goleman. “Not any more.” 40．Why is it hard for us to decide whether a T-shirt is green or not? A．The green label tells lies. B．We lack enough knowledge. C．The economy grows too slowly. D．We are misled by false data. 41．What does Ecological Intelligence encourage readers to do? A．Increase carbon footprints. B．Give up regular consumption. C．Develop ecological thinking. D．Deliver information to customers. 42．How do the Tibetans of Sher live? A．By searching for new resources. B．By living on plentiful resources. C．By distributing resources reasonably. D．By treasuring their resources seriously. 43．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To instruct manufacturers how to go green. B．To introduce and advocate ecological intelligence. C．To warn people of the dangers of ecological crisis. D．To illustrate the origin of ecological intelligence. 【答案】40．B 41．C 42．D 43．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要是介绍和倡导生态智能。 40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Case in point: you decide to buy a T-shirt made from 100% organic cotton. But that green label doesn’t tell the whole story—like the fact that even organic cotton requires more than 10,000 L of water to grow enough fibre for one T-shirt. Or the possibility that the T-shirt may have been dyed (染色) using harmful industrial chemicals. If you knew all that, would you still consider the T-shirt green? (举个例子：你决定买一件100%有机棉制成的T恤。但绿色标签并不能说明全部情况，比如即使是有机棉也需要超过10000升水才能生长出足够的纤维来制作一件T恤。或者T恤可能是用有害的工业化学品染色的。如果你知道这些，你还会认为这件T恤是绿色的吗？)”可知，我们很难决定T恤是不是绿色的是因为我们缺乏足够的知识。故选B。 41．推理判断题。根据第三段“But what if we could calculate the full lifetime effect of our actions on the earth and on our bodies? Not just carbon footprints but social and biological footprints as well? What if we could think ecologically? That’s what psychologist Daniel Goleman describes in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence. He compiles (汇编) the environmental and biological impact of our every decision and delivers that information to consumers in a user-friendly way. That’s thinking ecologically—understanding the global environmental consequences of our local choices. (但是，如果我们能计算出我们的行为对地球和身体的终身影响呢？不仅仅是碳足迹，还有社会和生物足迹？如果我们能从生态角度思考呢？这就是心理学家Daniel Goleman在即将出版的《生态智能》一书中所描述的。他汇编了我们每一个决定对环境和生物的影响，并以用户友好的方式向消费者提供这些信息。这就是生态思考——理解我们当地选择对全球环境的影响。)”可知，《生态智能》鼓励读者培养生态思维能力。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Goleman highlights the Tibetan community of Sher, where for thousands of years, villagers have survived severe conditions by carefully protecting every resource available to them. (戈尔曼重点介绍了谢尔藏族社区，数千年来，村民们通过精心保护他们所能获得的一切资源，在恶劣的条件下生存了下来。)”可知，谢尔的藏人是通过认真珍惜他们的资源来生活的。故选D。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段“But what if we could calculate the full lifetime effect of our actions on the earth and on our bodies? Not just carbon footprints but social and biological footprints as well? What if we could think ecologically? That’s what psychologist Daniel Goleman describes in his forthcoming book, Ecological Intelligence. He compiles (汇编) the environmental and biological impact of our every decision and delivers that information to consumers in a user-friendly way. That’s thinking ecologically—understanding the global environmental consequences of our local choices. (但是，如果我们能计算出我们的行为对地球和身体的终身影响呢？不仅仅是碳足迹，还有社会和生物足迹？如果我们能从生态角度思考呢？这就是心理学家Daniel Goleman在即将出版的《生态智能》一书中所描述的。他汇编了我们每一个决定对环境和生物的影响，并以用户友好的方式向消费者提供这些信息。这就是生态思考——理解我们当地选择对全球环境的影响。)”和最后一段“Ecological intelligence is ultimately about more than what we buy. It’s also about our ability to accept that we live in a closely connected world with limited resources. (生态智能最终不仅仅是我们购买的东西。这也关乎我们接受我们生活在一个资源有限、联系紧密的世界的能力。)”可知，这篇文章主要是介绍和倡导生态智能。故选B。 Passage 4 (24-25高二上·福建宁德·期中) Firstly, Mohiuddin was looking at global environmental issues with the hope of finding one that his entrepreneurial (企业家的) spirit could deal with. He would finally focus on plastic use, the overreliance on it in society, and the dangers of plastic pollution in the form of microplastic particles (颗粒). In particular, he wanted to find an alternative to one of the most common plastic products used today: the plastic shopping bag. According to The Better India, he started studying a biodegradable polymer (生物可降解聚合物) that was first formed and researched in the 1980s called PBAT. At the time, it was made with corn and potatoes. After identifying a suitable class of machinery to produce the PBAT bags in Gujarat, his speech on PBAT received nearly $100,000 in seed funding that allowed him to start the project. “I tried to balance both my studies and the operations of the company — from collecting raw material, helping workers to produce bags, to delivering the products in the market,” Mohiuddin told The Better India. “I used to sleep in a corner in the factory.” Overcoming bankruptcy (破产), university studies, and long-term unfinished orders, Mohiuddin’s startup company finally started to make profits, and today produces almost 500,000 bags per year, with a total revenue of $ 180,000. “I am glad I am able to contribute my part. Not having a normal college life can be tiring sometimes, but in the end, it is all worth it. I feel content when I go back to sleep. But much more needs to be done to make India plastic-free, and I will continue to strive for it,” he adds. 44．What is the primary focus of Mohiuddin’s entrepreneurial efforts? A．To develop replacements to plastic shopping bags. B．To improve traditional plastic products. C．To promote the use of corn in producing. D．To lengthen the use of plastic shopping bags. 45．What was the result of Mohiuddin’s speech on PBAT? A．He received a sum of money for his studies. B．He gained the fund to start his project. C．He got to know many investors. D．He decided to put off the project. 46．What can be inferred about Mohiuddin from paragraph 3? A．He solved many kinds of environmental issues. B．He was willing to lose personal comfort for his goals. C．He considered learning more important than business. D．He sought advice from experts for developing his business. 47．How does Mohiuddin feel about the progress he has made? A．Confused. B．Regretful. C．Satisfied. D．Challenged. 【答案】44．A 45．B 46．B 47．C 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Mohiuddin发挥企业家精神，为了帮助解决全球环境问题之一的塑料使用问题而做出的努力。 44．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He would finally focus on plastic use, the overreliance on it in society, and the dangers of plastic pollution in the form of microplastic particles (颗粒). In particular, he wanted to find an alternative to one of the most common plastic products used today: the plastic shopping bag.(他最后关注的是塑料的使用，社会对塑料的过度依赖，以及微塑料颗粒形式的塑料污染的危险。他特别想找到一种替代品，来替代如今最常用的塑料产品之一：塑料购物袋)”可知，Mohiuddin创业努力的主要重点是开发塑料购物袋的替代品。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“After identifying a suitable class of machinery to produce the PBAT bags in Gujarat, his speech on PBAT received nearly $100,000 in seed funding that allowed him to start the project.(在确定了在古吉拉特邦生产PBAT袋的合适机器类别后，他关于PBAT的演讲获得了近10万美元的种子基金，使他得以启动这个项目)”可知，在Mohiuddin关于PBAT的演讲后，他获得了启动他的项目的资金。故选B。 46．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I tried to balance both my studies and the operations of the company — from collecting raw material, helping workers to produce bags, to delivering the products in the market,” Mohiuddin told The Better India. “I used to sleep in a corner in the factory.”(“我试图平衡我的学习和公司的运作——从收集原材料，帮助工人生产袋子，到向市场运送产品，”Mohiuddin告诉《更好的印度》。“我以前睡在工厂的一个角落里。”)”可推知，Mohiuddin为了实现自己的目标，宁愿放弃自己的舒适而奋斗。故选B。 47．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I am glad I am able to contribute my part. Not having a normal college life can be tiring sometimes, but in the end, it is all worth it. I feel content when I go back to sleep. But much more needs to be done to make India plastic-free, and I will continue to strive for it,” he adds.(“我很高兴我能贡献我的一部分。没有正常的大学生活有时会很累，但最终，这一切都是值得的。当我再次入睡时，我感到很满足。但要使印度摆脱塑料污染还有很多工作要做，我将继续为此而努力，”他补充说)”可知，Mohiuddin对于自己取得的进步很满足。故选C。 试卷第24页，共44页 试卷第23页，共44页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$