摘要:
该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了外研版必修1 UNIT 2 "Exploring English"的核心词汇及拓展内容,涵盖50余个单词、10余个短语,包含音标、词性、词义、派生词、核心考点及经典例句,为学生搭建从基础记忆到语境应用的递进式学习支架。
清单通过"词汇-派生词"关联(如sculpt与sculpture)、英美词汇对比(如subway与motorway、gas与petrol)等方式构建知识体系,标注核心考点(如sculpt sth. out of sth.)和经典例句,强化语言能力培养,对比分析提升思维品质。特别设计派生词链条和语境应用示例,帮助学生高效记忆与运用,教师可直接用于词汇教学与巩固,提升课堂实效。
内容正文:
外研版必修1 UNIT 2 Exploring English. 同步词汇笔记
序号
单词或短语
音标
词性
意思
派生词
核心考点
经典例句
1
title
/ˈtaɪtl/
n.
题目,标题
N/A
N/A
The title of this English novel is easy to remember.(这本英文小说的标题很容易记。)
2
pine
/paɪn/
n.
松树
N/A
N/A
Pine trees are often used as Christmas trees in Western countries.(在西方国家,松树常被用作圣诞树。)
3
pineapple
/ˈpaɪnæpl/
n.
菠萝
N/A
N/A
She made a delicious pineapple pie for the family dinner.(她为家庭晚餐做了一个美味的菠萝派。)
4
ham
/hæm/
n.
火腿
N/A
N/A
My father likes to eat ham sandwiches for lunch.(我爸爸午餐喜欢吃火腿三明治。)
5
eggplant
/ˈeɡplɑːnt/
n.
茄子
N/A
N/A
Eggplant cooked with garlic is a popular dish in my hometown.(蒜香茄子是我家乡的一道家常菜。)
6
sculpt
/skʌlpt/
v.
雕刻,雕塑
sculpture(n. 雕像,雕刻品,雕塑作品)
sculpt sth. (out of sth.)(用某物雕刻某物)
The artist spent three months sculpting a cat out of marble.(这位艺术家花了三个月用大理石雕刻了一只猫。)
7
sculpture
/ˈskʌlptʃə/
n.
雕像,雕刻品,雕塑作品
sculpt(v. 雕刻,雕塑)
N/A
This ancient sculpture was discovered in an archaeological site last year.(这尊古老的雕塑是去年在一个考古遗址发现的。)
8
seasick
/ˈsiːsɪk/
adj.
晕船的
seasickness(n. 晕船)
be seasick(晕船)
My little sister gets seasick every time we take a ferry.(每次我们坐渡轮,我妹妹都会晕船。)
9
airsick
/ˈeəsɪk/
adj.
晕机的
airsickness(n. 晕机)
be airsick(晕机)
You can take some medicine if you are afraid of being airsick.(如果你怕晕机,可以吃点药。)
10
carsick
/ˈkɑːsɪk/
adj.
晕车的
carsickness(n. 晕车)
be carsick(晕车)
Looking at the scenery outside the window can help avoid being carsick.(看窗外的风景有助于避免晕车。)
11
homesick
/ˈhəʊmsɪk/
adj.
想家的
homesickness(n. 思乡病,想家)
be homesick(想家)
Most freshmen feel homesick during their first month at college.(大多数大一新生在大学第一个月都会想家。)
12
opposing
/əˈpəʊzɪŋ/
adj.
(观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的
oppose(v. 反对,抵制);opposition(n. 反对,对立)
opposing views/opinions(相反的观点/意见)
The two political parties hold opposing opinions on the new policy.(两个政党对这项新政策持有相反的观点。)
13
behavior
/bɪˈheɪvjə/
n.
举止,行为
behave(v. 表现,举止)
good/bad behavior(好/坏行为);behavior towards sb.(对某人的态度/行为)
Teachers always encourage students to show good behavior in public places.(老师总是鼓励学生在公共场所表现出良好的行为举止。)
14
confusing
/kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/
adj.
令人困惑的
confuse(v. 使困惑,使混淆);confusion(n. 困惑,混淆);confused(adj. 感到困惑的)
be confusing to sb.(对某人来说令人困惑)
The differences between these two grammar rules are really confusing to me.(这两条语法规则之间的区别让我很困惑。)
15
capitalized
/ˈkæpɪtəlaɪzd/
adj.
大写的
capitalize(v. 大写;利用);capital(n. 首都;资本;adj. 大写的)
be capitalized(被大写);capitalize on(利用)
The first letter of each sentence and proper nouns must be capitalized.(每个句子的首字母和专有名词必须大写。)
16
unique
/juːˈniːk/
adj.
独一无二的,独特的
uniquely(adv. 独特地,唯一地);uniqueness(n. 独特性,唯一性)
be unique to sb./sth.(为某人/某物所独有)
The folk music of this ethnic group is unique to the mountainous area.(这个少数民族的民间音乐是该山区所独有的。)
17
burn up
/bɜːn ʌp/
phr. v.
烧毁,烧尽
N/A
burn up sth. / burn sth. up(烧毁某物)
The hot sun burned up all the dry grass in the field.(烈日把田里所有的干草都晒枯烧尽了。)
18
burn down
/bɜːn daʊn/
phr. v.
烧毁
N/A
burn down sth. / burn sth. down(烧毁某物,尤指建筑物)
A big fire burned down the old wooden temple in the village last winter.(去年冬天一场大火烧毁了村里古老的木制寺庙。)
19
alarm
/əˈlɑːm/
n.
警报器;闹钟
alarmed(adj. 感到惊慌的);alarming(adj. 令人惊慌的)
fire alarm(火警报警器);set the alarm(设闹钟);be alarmed at/by(对……感到惊慌)
I set the alarm for 6 o’clock this morning to catch the early bus.(为了赶早班车,我今天早上把闹钟设到了6点。)
20
reflect
/rɪˈflekt/
v.
显示;反映
reflection(n. 反射;倒影;思考);reflective(adj. 反射的;沉思的)
reflect sth.(反映某物);reflect on/upon(思考,沉思)
The survey results reflect people’s changing attitudes towards online shopping.(调查结果反映了人们对网购态度的变化。)
21
creativity
/ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/
n.
创造性,创造力
creative(adj. 创造(性)的);create(v. 创造,创作);creation(n. 创造,作品)
develop creativity(培养创造力)
Schools should organize more activities to develop students’ creativity.(学校应组织更多活动来培养学生的创造力。)
22
visible
/ˈvɪzəbl/
adj.
看得见的,可见的
invisible(adj. 看不见的,无形的);visibility(n. 能见度,可见性)
be visible to(对……可见);visible changes(明显的变化)
The damage caused by the storm is visible to everyone in the street.(暴风雨造成的破坏,街上每个人都能看见。)
23
wind up
/wɪnd ʌp/
phr. v.
给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
N/A
wind up sth.(给某物上发条;结束某事);wind up doing sth.(最终做了某事)
He wound up the meeting after announcing the final decision.(宣布最终决定后,他结束了会议。)
24
creative
/kriˈeɪtɪv/
adj.
创造(性)的
create(v. 创造,创作);creativity(n. 创造性,创造力);creation(n. 创造,作品)
creative thinking(创造性思维);be creative in(在……方面有创造力)
The designer is very creative in using waste materials to make decorations.(这位设计师在利用废旧材料制作装饰品方面很有创造力。)
25
type
/taɪp/
n.
类型,种类
typical(adj. 典型的,有代表性的);typically(adv. 通常,典型地)
a type of(一种……);different types of(不同类型的……)
This store sells different types of organic vegetables.(这家商店出售不同种类的有机蔬菜。)
26
come across
/kʌm əˈkrɒs/
phr. v.
偶然发现
N/A
come across sb./sth.(偶然遇到/发现某人/某物)
I came across an old friend when I was walking in the park yesterday.(昨天我在公园散步时偶然遇到了一位老朋友。)
27
unfamiliar
/ˌʌnfəˈmɪliə/
adj.
不熟悉的,不了解的
familiar(adj. 熟悉的,熟知的);familiarity(n. 熟悉,通晓)
be unfamiliar with(对……不熟悉);be unfamiliar to(对……来说不熟悉)
She is unfamiliar with the local dialect, so she can’t understand the elders.(她不熟悉当地方言,所以听不懂老人们的话。)
28
contact
/ˈkɒntækt/
v.
联系,联络
contact(n. 联系,接触);contactable(adj. 可联系到的)
contact sb.(联系某人);keep in contact with(与……保持联系);lose contact with(与……失去联系)
You can contact the teacher via WeChat if you have any questions.(如果你有问题,可以通过微信联系老师。)
29
organization
/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/
n.
组织,团体,机构
organize(v. 组织,安排);organized(adj. 有组织的,有条理的);organizer(n. 组织者)
international organization(国际组织);non-profit organization(非营利组织)
This non-profit organization provides free books for children in poor areas.(这个非营利组织为贫困地区的儿童提供免费书籍。)
30
likely
/ˈlaɪkli/
adj.
可能的,可能发生的
unlikely(adj. 不可能的);likelihood(n. 可能性)
be likely to do sth.(可能做某事);it is likely that...(很可能……)
It is likely that the sports meeting will be held next Friday.(运动会很可能下周五举行。)
31
subway
/ˈsʌbweɪ/
n.
地铁(美式)
N/A
take the subway(乘地铁);subway station(地铁站)
Taking the subway is the fastest way to get to the city center.(乘地铁是去市中心最快的方式。)
32
highway
/ˈhaɪweɪ/
n.
公路
N/A
national highway(国道);on the highway(在公路上)
There was a traffic jam on the highway because of a car accident.(由于一起车祸,公路上出现了交通堵塞。)
33
motorway
/ˈməʊtəweɪ/
n.
高速公路(英式)
N/A
on the motorway(在高速公路上);motorway service area(高速公路服务区)
You must keep to the speed limit when driving on the motorway.(在高速公路上开车必须遵守限速规定。)
34
gas
/ɡæs/
n.
汽油(美式)
gasoline(n. 汽油,美式);gaseous(adj. 气态的)
fill up with gas(加满汽油);gas station(加油站,美式)
He stopped at a gas station to fill his car with gas.(他在一个加油站给车加满了油。)
35
petrol
/ˈpetrəl/
n.
汽油(英式)
petroleum(n. 石油);petrol station(n. 加油站,英式)
fill up with petrol(加满汽油);petrol station(加油站,英式)
This car consumes less petrol than most cars of the same type.(这辆车比同类型的大多数车耗油更少。)
36
apartment
/əˈpɑːtmənt/
n.
一套住房,公寓套房(美式)
N/A
rent an apartment(租公寓);apartment building(公寓楼,美式)
She rents a small apartment near her workplace to save commuting time.(为了节省通勤时间,她在工作地点附近租了一套小公寓。)
37
flat
/flæt/
n.
一套住房,公寓套房(英式)
flat(adj. 平的;扁平的);flatly(adv. 断然地,直截了当地)
rent a flat(租公寓);flat building(公寓楼,英式)
They bought a two-bedroom flat in the suburbs last year.(去年他们在郊区买了一套两居室的公寓。)
38
elevator
/ˈelɪveɪtə/
n.
电梯,升降机(美式)
elevate(v. 提升,举起);elevation(n. 海拔;提升)
take the elevator(乘电梯,美式);elevator hall(电梯厅)
Please take the elevator to the 15th floor where the meeting room is.(请乘电梯到15楼,会议室在那里。)
39
context
/ˈkɒntekst/
n.
上下文,语境
contextual(adj. 上下文的,语境的);contextually(adv. 结合上下文地)
in context(在上下文中);out of context(脱离上下文)
You can guess the meaning of the new word from the context.(你可以从上下文中猜测这个生词的意思。)
40
addition
/əˈdɪʃn/
n.
增加物,添加物
add(v. 添加,增加);additional(adj. 额外的,附加的);additionally(adv. 此外,另外)
in addition(此外,另外);in addition to(除……之外)
In addition to math and English, we also learn physics and chemistry.(除了数学和英语,我们还学物理和化学。)
41
forum
/ˈfɔːrəm/
n.
(因特网上的)论坛,讨论区
N/A
online forum(在线论坛);discuss sth. on the forum(在论坛上讨论某事)
Students often discuss study problems on this online English forum.(学生们经常在这个英语在线论坛上讨论学习问题。)
42
resource
/ˈriːsɔːs/
n.
资料,(教学)资源
resourceful(adj. 足智多谋的,善于随机应变的)
teaching resources(教学资源);natural resources(自然资源);make use of resources(利用资源)
Teachers should guide students to make good use of online teaching resources.(老师应引导学生充分利用在线教学资源。)
43
misadventure
/ˌmɪsədˈventʃə/
n.
事故,灾难
N/A
N/A
The hiker’s death was caused by a series of misadventures in the mountains.(这位徒步旅行者的死亡是由山中一系列意外事故导致的。)
44
remind
/rɪˈmaɪnd/
v.
提醒,使……想起
reminder(n. 提醒物;提示)
remind sb. of sth.(使某人想起某事);remind sb. to do sth.(提醒某人做某事)
This old photo reminds me of the happy time I spent with my classmates.(这张老照片让我想起了和同学们一起度过的快乐时光。)
45
rather
/ˈrɑːðə/
adv.
相当,颇
N/A
rather than(而不是);would rather do sth.(宁愿做某事);would rather do sth. than do sth.(宁愿做某事而不愿做某事)
I would rather stay at home and read books than go shopping on weekends.(周末我宁愿待在家里看书也不愿去购物。)
46
comment
/ˈkɒment/
n.
评论
comment(v. 评论,发表意见);commentary(n. 评论,解说)
make a comment on(对……发表评论);no comment(无可奉告)
The teacher made a detailed comment on my composition.(老师对我的作文发表了详细的评论。)
47
frog
/frɒɡ/
n.
蛙,青蛙
N/A
N/A
Frogs play an important role in controlling the number of insects in the field.(青蛙在控制田间昆虫数量方面起着重要作用。)
48
throat
/θrəʊt/
n.
喉咙,咽喉
throaty(adj. 沙哑的,低沉的)
sore throat(喉咙痛);clear one’s throat(清嗓子)
Drinking warm water can relieve a sore throat.(喝温水可以缓解喉咙痛。)
49
have a frog in one’s throat
/hæv ə frɒɡ ɪn wʌnz θrəʊt/
phr.
(尤因喉咙痛)说话困难
N/A
N/A
Sorry, I have a frog in my throat, so I can’t speak loudly in class today.(抱歉,我喉咙不舒服,今天上课不能大声说话。)
50
downtown
/ˈdaʊntaʊn/
adj.
在城镇中心区的,在闹市区的
N/A
downtown area(市中心区域);go downtown(去市中心,adv. 用法)
We plan to buy a new computer in the downtown area this weekend.(我们计划这周末去市中心买一台新电脑。)
51
boot
/buːt/
n.
靴子;(汽车的)后备箱(英式)
N/A
leather boots(皮靴);snow boots(雪地靴);put sth. in the boot(把某物放进汽车后备箱)
She bought a pair of snow boots to deal with the heavy snow.(为了应对大雪,她买了一双雪地靴。)
52
entrance
/ˈentrəns/
n.
大门(口),入口(处)
enter(v. 进入);entrance(v. 使入迷,使陶醉)
entrance to(……的入口);main entrance(主入口)
All visitors must enter through the main entrance of the museum.(所有参观者必须从博物馆的主入口进入。)
53
section
/ˈsekʃn/
n.
区域
section(v. 把……分成部分);sectional(adj. 部分的;组合式的)
a section of(……的一部分/区域);the reading section(阅读部分,考试中)
The science section of the library has a lot of reference books.(图书馆的科学区有很多参考书。)
54
exit
/ˈeksɪt/
n.
出口
exit(v. 离开,退出)
exit from(从……出口离开);emergency exit(紧急出口)
Please locate the emergency exit before the plane takes off.(飞机起飞前请找到紧急出口。)
55
actually
/ˈæktʃuəli/
adv.
事实上,实际上
actual(adj. 实际的,真实的)
N/A
I thought he was from America, but actually he was born in Canada.(我以为他来自美国,其实他出生在加拿大。)
56
downstairs
/ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/
adv.
在楼下
upstairs(adv. 在楼上;adj. 楼上的;n. 楼上)
go downstairs(下楼);come downstairs(下楼来)
My mother is cooking in the kitchen downstairs.(我妈妈正在楼下的厨房做饭。)
57
wicked
/ˈwɪkɪd/
adj.
缺德的,邪恶的;很棒的,极好的(口语)
wickedly(adv. 邪恶地;极好地);wickedness(n. 邪恶,恶劣)
wicked weather(恶劣的天气);wicked party(很棒的派对)
The wicked storm destroyed many houses in the village.(这场恶劣的暴风雨摧毁了村里的许多房屋。)
58
odd
/ɒd/
adj.
奇特的,古怪的
oddly(adv. 奇怪地,反常地);oddness(n. 古怪,反常)
odd number(奇数);odd job(零工,临时工作)
He does some odd jobs in his free time to earn extra money.(他在空闲时间做些零工赚外快。)
59
negative
/ˈneɡətɪv/
adj.
消极的,负面的
negate(v. 否定,否认);negation(n. 否定,否认);negatively(adv. 消极地)
negative attitude(消极态度);negative effect(负面影响)
We should avoid having a negative attitude towards challenges.(我们应该避免对挑战持有消极态度。)
60
positive
/ˈpɒzətɪv/
adj.
好的,积极的
positively(adv. 积极地;肯定地);positivity(n. 积极性)
positive attitude(积极态度);be positive about(对……乐观)
She is always positive about her future career.(她对自己未来的职业总是很乐观。)
61
error
/ˈerə/
n.
错误,谬误
err(v. 犯错,出错);erroneous(adj. 错误的)
make an error(犯错误);spelling error(拼写错误)
He found a spelling error in his paper after checking it carefully.(仔细检查后,他在论文中发现了一个拼写错误。)
62
intend
/ɪnˈtend/
v.
计划,打算
intention(n. 意图,目的);intentional(adj. 故意的)
intend to do sth.(打算做某事);be intended for(为……设计/准备)
This book is intended for students who want to improve their English writing.(这本书是为想提高英语写作的学生准备的。)
63
informal
/ɪnˈfɔːml/
adj.
(书写或言谈)非正式的
formal(adj. 正式的);formally(adv. 正式地);informality(n. 非正式)
informal language(非正式语言);informal meeting(非正式会议)
We use informal language when chatting with friends on the phone.(和朋友打电话聊天时,我们使用非正式语言。)
64
recognise
/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/
v.
认识,辨认出(英式拼写)
recognition(n. 认出,识别;认可);recognizable(adj. 可辨认的)
recognise sb./sth.(认出某人/某物);be recognised as(被认为是……)
He is recognised as one of the most excellent scientists in this field.(他被认为是该领域最优秀的科学家之一。)
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base
/beɪs/
v.
以……为基础
base(n. 基地;基础);basic(adj. 基本的);basis(n. 基础,复数bases)
base sth. on/upon(把某物建立在……基础上);be based on(以……为基础);on the basis of(在……基础上)
This film is based on a true story that happened in the 1990s.(这部电影基于一个发生在20世纪90年代的真实故事。)
66
aware
/əˈweə/
adj.
意识到的,明白的
awareness(n. 意识,认识);unaware(adj. 没意识到的)
be aware of(意识到,察觉到);be aware that...(意识到……)
We should be aware of the importance of protecting wild animals.(我们应该意识到保护野生动物的重要性。)
67
be aware of
/bi əˈweə ɒv/
phr.
意识到,察觉到
N/A
N/A
Everyone should be aware of the risks of drinking and driving.(每个人都应该意识到酒驾的风险。)
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